FB2025_02 , released April 17, 2025
Gene: Dmel\Cam
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General Information
Symbol
Dmel\Cam
Species
D. melanogaster
Name
Calmodulin
Annotation Symbol
CG8472
Feature Type
protein_coding_gene
FlyBase ID
FBgn0000253
Gene Model Status
Current
Stock Availability
39 publicly available
Gene Summary
Calmodulin (Cam) encodes a Calcium-binding messenger protein. It acts as a part of the calcium signal transduction pathway and interacts with various target proteins such as kinases or phosphatases. It is involved in actin filament-based movement, mitotic spinde assembly, axon guidance, DNA damage response, autophagy, cell death, sensory perception, and muscle homeostasis. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-07] (FlyBase Gene Snapshot)
All Summaries
Also Known As

dCaM, CalA, lincRNA.S2634, D-CaM

Key Links
Genomic Location
Cytogenetic map
48F1-48F6
Sequence location
Recombination map
2-66
RefSeq locus
NT_033778 REGION:12259398..12278809
Sequence
Get Decorated FASTA
Genomic Maps
Other Genome Views
The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.
NCBI
UCSC
Ensembl
PopFly
Function
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (36 terms)
Molecular Function (7 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (6 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
enables calcium ion binding
inferred from direct assay
(Martin and Bayley, 2004)
enables channel regulator activity
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Scott et al., 1997)
enables myosin heavy chain binding
inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:didum; FB:FBgn0261397
(Toth et al., 2005)
enables myosin V binding
inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:didum; FB:FBgn0261397
(Martin and Bayley, 2004)
enables myosin VI head/neck binding
inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:jar; FB:FBgn0011225
(Frank et al., 2006)
enables protein binding
inferred from physical interaction with UniProtKB:Q9VLL3
(Rossi et al., 1999)
inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:Crag; FB:FBgn0025864
(Xu et al., 1998)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
enables calcium ion binding
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000549682
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR002048
(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)
enables enzyme regulator activity
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000549861
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
Biological Process (15 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (13 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in actin filament-based movement
inferred from direct assay
(Toth et al., 2005)
involved_in autophagic cell death
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Nelson et al., 2014)
involved_in cellular response to ethanol
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Parkhurst et al., 2018)
involved_in centriole replication
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Galletta et al., 2014, Dobbelaere et al., 2008)
involved_in detection of chemical stimulus involved in sensory perception of smell
inferred from direct assay
(Mukunda et al., 2014)
involved_in G protein-coupled opsin signaling pathway
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Arnon et al., 1997)
involved_in kinetochore organization
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Goshima et al., 2007)
involved_in muscle cell cellular homeostasis
inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:Dys; FB:FBgn0260003
(Kucherenko et al., 2011)
involved_in negative regulation of phospholipase C-activating phototransduction signaling pathway
inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:Gαq; FB:FBgn0004435
(Scott et al., 1997)
involved_in photoreceptor cell axon guidance
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Marrone et al., 2011)
involved_in rhabdomere development
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Marrone et al., 2011)
involved_in sensory perception of smell
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Bahk and Jones, 2016)
involved_in sensory perception of sound
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Senthilan et al., 2012)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in microtubule cytoskeleton organization
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000549862
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
involved_in negative regulation of opsin-mediated signaling pathway
traceable author statement
(Montell, 1999)
Cellular Component (14 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (14 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
located_in centriole
inferred from direct assay
(Dobbelaere et al., 2008)
located_in centrosome
inferred from direct assay
(Schoborg et al., 2015, Galletta et al., 2014)
inferred from high throughput direct assay
(Lye et al., 2014)
located_in cytoplasm
inferred from direct assay
(Porter et al., 1993)
located_in cytosol
inferred from high throughput direct assay
(Lye et al., 2014)
located_in midbody
inferred from direct assay
(Dobbelaere et al., 2008)
located_in mitotic spindle pole
inferred from direct assay
(Schoborg et al., 2015)
located_in mitotic spindle
inferred from direct assay
(Schoborg et al., 2015)
part_of myosin V complex
inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:didum; FB:FBgn0261397
(Martin and Bayley, 2004)
part_of myosin VI complex
inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:jar; FB:FBgn0011225
(Frank et al., 2006)
part_of myosin VII complex
inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:ck; FB:FBgn0000317,FLYBASE:Mlc-c; FB:FBgn0004687
(Liu et al., 2021)
located_in nucleoplasm
inferred from high throughput direct assay
(Lye et al., 2014)
colocalizes_with plasma membrane
inferred from high throughput direct assay
(Lye et al., 2014)
located_in rhabdomere
inferred from direct assay
(Porter et al., 1993)
located_in spindle
inferred from direct assay
(Dobbelaere et al., 2008)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
is_active_in cytoplasm
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000549861
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
located_in rhabdomere
traceable author statement
(Montell, 1999)
Gene Group (FlyBase)
Protein Family (UniProt)
Belongs to the calmodulin family. (P62152)
Protein Signatures (InterPro)
Summaries
Gene Snapshot
Calmodulin (Cam) encodes a Calcium-binding messenger protein. It acts as a part of the calcium signal transduction pathway and interacts with various target proteins such as kinases or phosphatases. It is involved in actin filament-based movement, mitotic spinde assembly, axon guidance, DNA damage response, autophagy, cell death, sensory perception, and muscle homeostasis. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-07]
Gene Group (FlyBase)
MYOSIN LIGHT CHAINS -
Myosin light chains (MLC) bind myosin heavy chains via an IQ motif in the neck region. They are involved in myosin motor-based movement along actin filaments, regulating ATP hydrolysis or providing a structural function. The calmodulins included in this group have been shown to act as MLCs. (Adapted from FBrf0134714).
Protein Function (UniProtKB)
Calmodulin mediates the control of a large number of enzymes, ion channels and other proteins by Ca(2+) (By similarity). Among the enzymes to be stimulated by the calmodulin-Ca(2+) complex are a number of protein kinases and phosphatases (By similarity). In photoreceptor cells, light-induced Ca(2+) influx activates calmodulin, which in turn is likely to promote Crag activity in trafficking of newly synthesized ninaE (Rh1) from the trans-Golgi network to rhabdomere membranes (PubMed:23226104). Together with Akap200, regulates PKA activity and ethanol-induced sensitivity and tolerance (PubMed:10480937, PubMed:29444420).
(UniProt, P62152)
Phenotypic Description (Red Book; Lindsley and Zimm 1992)
Cal: Calmodulin
The structural gene of the calcium-binding protein, calmodulin (148 amino acids, 17000 daltons).
Summary (Interactive Fly)

calcium ion binding signaling protein - regulation of cellular processes dependent on Ca2+ - An Abnormal spindle-CaM complex is required for centrosome-pole cohesion and centrosome inheritance in neural stem cells - affects sensitization of odorant receptors - interacts synergistically with Abelson tyrosine kinase and Calmodulin to transduce midline guidance cues in the Drosophila embryonic CNS

Gene Model and Products
Number of Transcripts
5
Number of Unique Polypeptides
1

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\Cam for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)
Isoform displayed:
Pfam protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Protein Domains (via SMART)
Isoform displayed:
SMART protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Structure
Protein 3D structure   (Predicted by AlphaFold)   (AlphaFold entry P62152)

If you don't see a structure in the viewer, refresh your browser.
Model Confidence:
  • Very high (pLDDT > 90)
  • Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
  • Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
  • Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Experimentally Determined Structures
Crossreferences
PDB - An information portal to biological macromolecular structures
Comments on Gene Model

Tissue-specific extension of 3' UTRs observed during later stages (FBrf0218523, FBrf0219848); all variants may not be annotated

Stage-specific extension of 3' UTRs observed during embryogenesis (FBrf0215804); all variants may not be annotated.

Low-frequency RNA-Seq exon junction(s) not annotated.

Gene model reviewed during 5.46

Gene model reviewed during 5.55

Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name
FlyBase ID
RefSeq ID
Length (nt)
Assoc. CDS (aa)
Cam-RA
FBtr0088001
NM_078986
1488
149
Cam-RB
FBtr0088002
NM_165870
695
149
Cam-RC
FBtr0304963
NM_001259347
5672
149
Cam-RD
FBtr0304964
NM_001259348
3406
149
Cam-RE
FBtr0345018
NM_001299408
1435
149
Additional Transcript Data and Comments
Reported size (kB)

4.2 (northern blot)

(Ohsako et al., 1993, Cho et al., 1991)

1.6 (compiled cDNA)

(Smith et al., 1987)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name
FlyBase ID
Predicted MW (kDa)
Length (aa)
Theoretical pI
UniProt
RefSeq ID
GenBank
Cam-PA
FBpp0087109
16.8
149
3.84
P62152
NP_523710
AAF58542
Cam-PB
FBpp0087110
16.8
149
3.84
P62152
NP_725120
AAF58543
Cam-PC
FBpp0293502
16.8
149
3.84
P62152
NP_001246276
AFH08030
Cam-PD
FBpp0293503
16.8
149
3.84
P62152
NP_001246277
AFH08031
Cam-PE
FBpp0311269
16.8
149
3.84
P62152
NP_001286337
AHN56135
Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

The group(s) of polypeptides indicated below share identical sequence to each other.

149 aa isoforms: Cam-PA, Cam-PB, Cam-PC, Cam-PD, Cam-PE
Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments
Reported size (kDa)

148 (aa)

(Beckingham, 1991, Smith et al., 1987)
Comments

Methionine only

(FlyBase, 1992-)

Site directed mutagenesis was used to create 4 mutants. In each, a conserved glutamic acid residue within one of the Ca2+-binding sites has been replaced with glutamine, thus creating four Cam proteins with analagous mutations in each of the Ca2+-binding sites. Conformational studies on these mutants confirm that the carboxy-terminal two sites show cooperative Ca2+ binding which produces a major change in the protein conformation. The amino terminal Ca2+-binding sites show more independent properties with respect to Ca2+ binding and conformational change. Mutants at the amino-terminal sites were shown to affect conformational change induced by Ca2+ binding at the carboxy-terminal end. This work supports the idea that the carboxy-terminal sites are high affinity for Ca2+ binding and the amino-terminal sites are lower affinity.

(Beckingham, 1991)
External Data
Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)

Interacts with Crag (PubMed:18331716). Interacts with stac (PubMed:9813038). Interacts with Akap200; the interaction is calcium-dependent and is inhibited by PKC-mediated phosphorylation of Akap200 (PubMed:10480937).

(UniProt, P62152)
Post Translational Modification

Trimethylation of Lys-116 observed in other calmodulins is absent here, but does occur at Lys-95 specifically in the compound eye.

(UniProt, P62152)
Crossreferences
InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
PDB - An information portal to biological macromolecular structures
Linkouts
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
Nucleotide / Polypeptide Records
 
UniProt
Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\Cam using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data
Crossreferences
Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
Linkouts
Expression Data
Testis-specificity index

The testis specificity index was calculated from modENCODE tissue expression data by Vedelek et al., 2018 to indicate the degree of testis enrichment compared to other tissues. Scores range from -2.52 (underrepresented) to 5.2 (very high testis bias).

-0.94

Transcript Expression
in situ
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
embryonic stage 1 -- 3
organism

Comment: maternally deposited

(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 1 -- 6
organism | ubiquitous | uniform
(Hanson-Painton et al., 1992)
embryonic stage 4 -- 6
organism | intense | ubiquitous
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 7 -- 8
organism | intense | ubiquitous
(Fisher et al., 2012)
organism | ubiquitous
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 9 -- 10
antennal primordium

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)
central brain primordium

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)
visual primordium

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)
dorsal head epidermis primordium

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)
lateral head epidermis primordium

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)
ventral head epidermis primordium

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)
anterior endoderm
(Fisher et al., 2012)
germline cell
(Fisher et al., 2012)
head mesoderm
(Fisher et al., 2012)
hindgut proper primordium

Comment: reported as hindgut proper anlage

(Fisher et al., 2012)
inclusive hindgut primordium
(Fisher et al., 2012)
organism | ubiquitous
(Fisher et al., 2012)
posterior endoderm
(Fisher et al., 2012)
proventriculus primordium
(Fisher et al., 2012)
trunk mesoderm
(Fisher et al., 2012)
ventral ectoderm
(Fisher et al., 2012)
ventral nerve cord primordium
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 9 -- 17
organism

Comment: extended 3' UTR isoform

(Hilgers et al., 2011)
embryonic stage 11 -- 12
central brain primordium
(Fisher et al., 2012)
fat body/gonad primordium
(Fisher et al., 2012)
germline cell
(Fisher et al., 2012)
hindgut proper primordium
(Fisher et al., 2012)
organism | faint | ubiquitous
(Fisher et al., 2012)
ventral nerve cord primordium
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 13 -- 16
dorsal sensory complex proper primordium

Comment: reported as dorsal/lateral sensory complexes

(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic brain
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic central brain neuron
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic head epidermis
(Fisher et al., 2012)
larval nervous system
(Fisher et al., 2012)
germline cell
(Fisher et al., 2012)
gonad
(Fisher et al., 2012)
lateral cord neuron
(Fisher et al., 2012)
sensory nervous system primordium
(Fisher et al., 2012)
larval ventral nerve cord
(Fisher et al., 2012)
ventral sensory complex primordium
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 14
larval gnathal ganglion
(Hanson-Painton et al., 1992)
embryonic stage 14 -- 15
presumptive embryonic/larval central nervous system
(Hanson-Painton et al., 1992)
embryonic stage 14 -- 17
larval ventral nerve cord
(Hanson-Painton et al., 1992)
embryonic brain
(Hanson-Painton et al., 1992)
embryonic stage 15
ventral nerve cord
(Magalhaes et al., 2007)
embryonic brain | restricted
(Magalhaes et al., 2007)
embryonic stage 15 -- 17
embryonic head sensory system
(Hanson-Painton et al., 1992)
embryonic stage 16 -- 17
larval central nervous system
(Hanson-Painton et al., 1992)
adult stage
photoreceptor neuron
• cell body
(Hanson-Painton et al., 1992)
lamina
• cell body
(Hanson-Painton et al., 1992)
medulla
• cell body
(Hanson-Painton et al., 1992)
lobula
• cell body
(Hanson-Painton et al., 1992)
adult gnathal ganglion
• cell body
(Hanson-Painton et al., 1992)
northern blot
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
embryonic stage -- early third instar larval stage
organism | intense
(Hanson-Painton et al., 1992)
late third instar larval stage
organism | faint
(Hanson-Painton et al., 1992)
pupal stage P7 -- pharate adult stage P8
organism
(Hanson-Painton et al., 1992)
Additional Descriptive Data

Zygotic-specific isoforms of Cam with long 3' UTR extensions were observed.

(Hilgers et al., 2011)

Northern analysis reveals a strongly-expressed doublet of Cam transcript from early embryonic stages through early third instar larval stage (0-89hr AEL), then drops precipitously in late third instar larvae (90-120 hr AEL). Expression increases to a moderate level during pupal stages 7-8 (150-176 hr AEL). Maternally expressed Cam transcript is homogenously distributed through embryonic stage 6. From embryonic stage 14, Cam transcript is expressed in developing central nervous system. In adults Cam transcript is localized to the cell bodies surrounding the lamina, medulla, and lobula, and in cell bodies of the subesophageal ganglion and photoreceptor cells.

(Hanson-Painton et al., 1992)
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Polypeptide Expression
mass spectroscopy
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
adult stage
adult head
• membrane
(Aradska et al., 2015)
day 7 of adulthood -- day 49 of adulthood
adult heart
(Cammarato et al., 2011)
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Evidence
References
located_in centriole
inferred from direct assay
(Dobbelaere et al., 2008)
located_in centrosome
inferred from direct assay
(Schoborg et al., 2015, Galletta et al., 2014)
inferred from high throughput direct assay
(Lye et al., 2014)
located_in cytoplasm
inferred from direct assay
(Porter et al., 1993)
located_in cytosol
inferred from high throughput direct assay
(Lye et al., 2014)
located_in midbody
inferred from direct assay
(Dobbelaere et al., 2008)
located_in mitotic spindle pole
inferred from direct assay
(Schoborg et al., 2015)
located_in mitotic spindle
inferred from direct assay
(Schoborg et al., 2015)
part_of myosin V complex
inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:didum; FB:FBgn0261397
(Martin and Bayley, 2004)
part_of myosin VI complex
inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:jar; FB:FBgn0011225
(Frank et al., 2006)
part_of myosin VII complex
inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:ck; FB:FBgn0000317,FLYBASE:Mlc-c; FB:FBgn0004687
(Liu et al., 2021)
located_in nucleoplasm
inferred from high throughput direct assay
(Lye et al., 2014)
colocalizes_with plasma membrane
inferred from high throughput direct assay
(Lye et al., 2014)
located_in rhabdomere
inferred from direct assay
(Porter et al., 1993)
located_in spindle
inferred from direct assay
(Dobbelaere et al., 2008)
Expression Deduced from Reporters
Reporter: P{PZ}Cam03909
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
larval stage
embryonic/larval corpus allatum
(Harvie et al., 1998)
prothoracic gland
(Harvie et al., 1998)
wandering third instar larval stage
imaginal disc
(Harvie et al., 1998)
embryonic/larval optic lobe
(Harvie et al., 1998)
larval ventral nerve cord
(Harvie et al., 1998)
adult stage
adult brain | restricted
(Vosshall, 1998.8.10)
adult central complex | restricted
(Vosshall, 1998.8.10)
Reporter: PBac{681.P.FSVS-1}CamCPTI001284
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
adult stage
adult great commissure
(Knowles-Barley, 2011.8.24)
adult optic lobe
(Knowles-Barley, 2011.8.24)
adult brain cell body rind
(Knowles-Barley, 2011.8.24)
Reporter: PBac{754.P.FSVS-0}CamCPTI002888
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
adult stage
adult brain

Comment: expression throughout adult brain neuropil, concentrated around outside areas

(Knowles-Barley, 2011.8.24)
lamina
(Knowles-Barley, 2011.8.24)
adult brain cell body rind
(Knowles-Barley, 2011.8.24)
Reporter: PBac{768.FSVS-0}CamCPTI003597
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
adult stage
adult gnathal ganglion

Comment: expression in all neuropil areas ( adult subesophageal ganglion, supraesophageal ganglion ), higher in localised areas possibly layered or punctate

(Knowles-Barley, 2011.8.24)
supraesophageal ganglion

Comment: expression in all neuropil areas ( adult subesophageal ganglion, supraesophageal ganglion ), higher in localised areas possibly layered or punctate

(Knowles-Barley, 2011.8.24)
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools

JBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\Cam in JBrowse
RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region
Bulk Downloads
RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes
Reference
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle
Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis
External Data and Images
Linkouts
BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
Images
FlyExpress - Embryonic expression images (BDGP data)
  • Stages(s) 7-8
  • Stages(s) 9-10
  • Stages(s) 11-12
  • Stages(s) 13-16
FlyBase Wiki
Image Based Resources
Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations
Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 53 )
For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show
 
Other relevant insertions
Transgenic Constructs ( 15 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of Cam
Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of Cam
Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 4 )
Variants
Variant Molecular Consequences
Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants
Phenotypes
For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.
Lethality
Allele
lethal
lethal (with Cam7)
lethal (with Camn339)
lethal (with Df(2R)BSC463)
lethal | recessive
lethal - all die before end of larval stage, with Cam7, Scer\GAL4how-24B
lethal - all die before end of larval stage, with Cam7/Camn339, Scer\GAL4how-24B
lethal - all die before end of larval stage, with CamB34Q.UAS, Scer\GAL4how-24B
lethal - all die before end of larval stage, with Scer\GAL4how-24B
lethal - all die before end of larval stage (with Cam7), with CamB34Q.UAS, Scer\GAL4how-24B
lethal - all die before end of larval stage (with Camn339), with CamB34Q.UAS, Scer\GAL4how-24B
lethal - all die before end of larval stage | recessive
lethal - all die before end of P-stage (with Cam7)
lethal - all die before end of P-stage (with Camn339)
lethal - all die before end of pupal stage
lethal - all die before end of pupal stage, with Scer\GAL4peb-GAL4
lethal - all die before end of pupal stage | recessive
viable
viable, with Dcr-2UAS.cDa, Scer\GAL4elav.PLu
viable, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237
viable, with Scer\GAL4tin.CΔ4
Other Phenotypes
Allele
abnormal auditory perception | adult stage
abnormal auditory perception | adult stage (with Cam5)
abnormal auditory perception | adult stage (with Camn339)
abnormal behavior
abnormal behavior, with Cam7/Camn339, Scer\GAL4how-24B
abnormal behavior (with Cam7), with CamUAS.cWa, Scer\GAL4how-24B
abnormal behavior (with Camn339), with CamUAS.cWa, Scer\GAL4how-24B
abnormal behavior | larval stage
abnormal flight
abnormal locomotor behavior
abnormal locomotor behavior | larval stage
abnormal locomotor behavior | larval stage (with Cam352)
abnormal locomotor behavior | larval stage (with Cam03909)
abnormal locomotor behavior | larval stage (with Camn339)
abnormal mating, with Cam7/Camn339, Scer\GAL4how-24B
abnormal mating (with Cam7), with CamUAS.cWa, Scer\GAL4how-24B
abnormal mating (with Camn339), with CamUAS.cWa, Scer\GAL4how-24B
abnormal neuroanatomy (with Cam3c1)
abnormal neuroanatomy (with Camn339)
abnormal neuroanatomy | P-stage, with Scer\GAL4ey-OK107
abnormal neuroanatomy | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PU
abnormal neurophysiology
abnormal neurophysiology (with Cam352)
abnormal neurophysiology (with Camn339)
abnormal neurophysiology | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4peb-GAL4
abnormal smell perception | adult stage | conditional, with Scer\GAL4Orco.2.642.Hsim\VP22
abnormal visual behavior | recessive
decreased rate of movement | larval stage
decreased rate of movement | larval stage (with Cam7)
decreased rate of movement | larval stage (with Camn339)
flightless
some die during larval stage, with Cam7, Scer\GAL4how-24B
some die during larval stage, with Cam7/Camn339, Scer\GAL4how-24B
some die during larval stage, with CamB34Q.UAS, Scer\GAL4how-24B
some die during larval stage, with Scer\GAL4how-24B
some die during larval stage (with Cam7), with CamB34Q.UAS, Scer\GAL4how-24B
some die during larval stage (with Camn339), with CamB34Q.UAS, Scer\GAL4how-24B
some die during larval stage | recessive
some die during pharate adult stage (with Cam7)
some die during pharate adult stage (with Camn339)
some die during pupal stage
some die during pupal stage | recessive
uncoordinated (with Cam3c1)
uncoordinated (with Camn339)
visible, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237
wild-type
Phenotype manifest in
Allele
adult head (with Cam7)
adult head (with Camn339)
adult head | P-stage
adult head | P-stage (with Cam7)
adult head | P-stage (with Camn339)
adult mushroom body gamma-lobe | P-stage, with Scer\GAL4ey-OK107
adult olfactory receptor neuron Or22 | conditional, with Scer\GAL4Orco.2.642.Hsim\VP22
adult olfactory receptor neuron Or59b | conditional, with Scer\GAL4Orco.2.642.Hsim\VP22
axon | P-stage, with Scer\GAL4ey-OK107
axon | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PU
bouton & abdominal 2 ventral longitudinal muscle 2
bouton & abdominal 3 ventral longitudinal muscle 2
bouton & abdominal 4 ventral longitudinal muscle 2
bouton & abdominal 5 ventral longitudinal muscle 2
bouton & abdominal 6 ventral longitudinal muscle 2
bouton & abdominal 7 ventral longitudinal muscle 2
chaeta, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237
lamina plexus | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PU
large basiconic sensillum of antennal segment 3, with Scer\GAL4peb-GAL4
longitudinal muscle cell (with Cam7)
longitudinal muscle cell (with Camn339)
mesonotum
ommatidium (with Cam352)
ommatidium (with Camn339)
photoreceptor
pupa
pupa, with Scer\GAL4how-24B
pupa (with Cam7)
pupa (with Camn339)
pupal cuticle
pupal cuticle (with Cam7)
pupal cuticle (with Camn339)
rhabdomere | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PU
salivary gland | pupal stage, with Scer\GAL4fkh.PU
wing vein
wing vein | ectopic
Orthologs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Orthologs
Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Homo sapiens (Human) (84)
Hsap\CALM1
12 of 14
Yes
Yes
Hsap\CALM2
12 of 14
Yes
Yes
1  
Hsap\CALM3
12 of 14
Yes
Yes
1  
Hsap\CALML3
6 of 14
No
Yes
Hsap\CALML4
4 of 14
No
No
1  
Hsap\CALML5
4 of 14
No
Yes
Hsap\CALML6
2 of 14
No
No
Hsap\CETN1
2 of 14
No
No
Hsap\CETN2
2 of 14
No
No
Hsap\CETN3
2 of 14
No
No
1  
Hsap\CHP1
2 of 14
No
No
Hsap\CHP2
2 of 14
No
No
1  
Hsap\HPCAL1
2 of 14
No
No
Hsap\HPCAL4
2 of 14
No
No
1  
Hsap\NCALD
2 of 14
No
No
Hsap\NCS1
2 of 14
No
No
Hsap\PPP3R1
2 of 14
No
No
Hsap\PPP3R2
2 of 14
No
No
1  
Hsap\RCVRN
2 of 14
No
No
1  
Hsap\TNNC1
2 of 14
No
Yes
1  
Hsap\TNNC2
2 of 14
No
Yes
Hsap\VSNL1
2 of 14
No
No
Hsap\AIF1
1 of 14
No
Yes
Hsap\AIF1L
1 of 14
No
Yes
Hsap\CABP1
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\CABP2
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\CABP4
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\CABP5
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\CABP7
1 of 14
No
Yes
Hsap\CALB1
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\CALB2
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\CALN1
1 of 14
No
Yes
Hsap\CALU
1 of 14
No
No
1  
Hsap\CAPN1
1 of 14
No
No
1  
Hsap\CAPN2
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\CAPN3
1 of 14
No
No
1  
Hsap\CAPN8
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\CAPN9
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\CAPNS1
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\CAPNS2
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\CIB1
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\CIB2
1 of 14
No
No
1  
Hsap\CIB3
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\CIB4
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\DUOX1
1 of 14
No
No
1  
Hsap\DUOX2
1 of 14
No
No
2  
Hsap\EFCAB2
1 of 14
No
No
1  
Hsap\EFCAB6
1 of 14
No
Yes
Hsap\EFCAB9
1 of 14
No
Yes
Hsap\EFCAB11
1 of 14
No
Yes
Hsap\EFHD1
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\EFHD2
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\GCA
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\GPD2
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\GUCA1A
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\HPCA
1 of 14
No
No
1  
Hsap\LOC118142757
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\MYL1
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\MYL2
1 of 14
No
No
3  
Hsap\MYL3
1 of 14
No
No
1  
Hsap\MYL4
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\MYL5
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\MYL6B
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\MYL6
1 of 14
No
No
1  
Hsap\MYL7
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\MYL9
1 of 14
No
No
1  
Hsap\MYL10
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\MYL12A
1 of 14
No
No
1  
Hsap\MYL12B
1 of 14
No
No
1  
Hsap\MYLPF
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\OCM2
1 of 14
No
Yes
Hsap\OCM
1 of 14
No
Yes
Hsap\PDCD6
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\PEF1
1 of 14
No
No
1  
Hsap\PLS1
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\PVALB
1 of 14
No
Yes
Hsap\PVALEF
1 of 14
No
Yes
Hsap\RCN1
1 of 14
No
No
1  
Hsap\RCN2
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\RCN3
1 of 14
No
No
1  
Hsap\SCGN
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\SDF4
1 of 14
No
No
1  
Hsap\SRI
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\TESC
1 of 14
No
No
Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (66)
Rnor\Calm1
13 of 14
Yes
Yes
Rnor\Calm3
13 of 14
Yes
Yes
Rnor\Calm2
12 of 14
No
Yes
Rnor\Calml3
6 of 14
No
Yes
Rnor\Calml4
4 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Cetn1
2 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Cetn2
2 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Cetn3
2 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Cetn4
2 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Chp1
2 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Chp2
2 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Hpcal4
2 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Ppp3r1
2 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Ppp3r2
2 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Tnnc1
2 of 14
No
Yes
Rnor\Tnnc2
2 of 14
No
Yes
Rnor\Aif1l
1 of 14
No
Yes
Rnor\Aif1
1 of 14
No
Yes
Rnor\Cabp1
1 of 14
No
Yes
Rnor\Cabp2
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Cabp4
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Cabp5
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Cabp7
1 of 14
No
Yes
Rnor\Calb1
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Calb2
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Calml5
1 of 14
No
Yes
Rnor\Caln1
1 of 14
No
Yes
Rnor\Calu
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Capsl
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Cib2
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Cib3
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Efcab2
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Efcab6
1 of 14
No
Yes
Rnor\Efcab9
1 of 14
No
Yes
Rnor\Efcab11
1 of 14
No
Yes
Rnor\Efhd1
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Efhd2
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Gpd2
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Hpcal1
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Hpca
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\LOC120093525
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Myl1
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Myl2
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Myl3
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Myl4
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Myl6
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Myl7
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Myl9
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Myl10
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Myl12a
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Myl12b
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Mylpf
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Ncald
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Ncs1
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Ocm
1 of 14
No
Yes
Rnor\Ppef1
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Pvalb
1 of 14
No
Yes
Rnor\Rcn1
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Rcn2
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Rcn3
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Rcvrn
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Scgn
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Sdf4
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Tescl
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Tesc
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Vsnl1
1 of 14
No
No
Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (64)
Mmus\Calm1
13 of 14
Yes
Yes
Mmus\Calm2
13 of 14
Yes
Yes
Mmus\Calm3
13 of 14
Yes
Yes
Mmus\Calml3
6 of 14
No
Yes
Mmus\Calm4
4 of 14
No
Yes
Mmus\Calm5
4 of 14
No
Yes
Mmus\Calml4
4 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Cetn1
2 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Cetn2
2 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Cetn3
2 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Cetn4
2 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Chp1
2 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Chp2
2 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Hpcal4
2 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Ppp3r1
2 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Ppp3r2
2 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Tnnc1
2 of 14
No
Yes
Mmus\Aif1l
1 of 14
No
Yes
Mmus\Aif1
1 of 14
No
Yes
Mmus\Cabp1
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Cabp2
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Cabp4
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Cabp5
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Cabp7
1 of 14
No
Yes
Mmus\Calb1
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Calb2
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Caln1
1 of 14
No
Yes
Mmus\Calu
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Capsl
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Cib2
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Cib3
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Efcab2
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Efcab6
1 of 14
No
Yes
Mmus\Efcab9
1 of 14
No
Yes
Mmus\Efcab11
1 of 14
No
Yes
Mmus\Efhd1
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Efhd2
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Hpcal1
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Hpca
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Myl1
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Myl2
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Myl3
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Myl4
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Myl6b
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Myl6
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Myl7
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Myl9
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Myl10
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Myl12b
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Mylpf
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Ncald
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Ncs1
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Ocm
1 of 14
No
Yes
Mmus\Pvalb
1 of 14
No
Yes
Mmus\Rcn1
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Rcn2
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Rcn3
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Rcvrn
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Scgn
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Sdf4
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Tescl
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Tesc
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Tnnc2
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Vsnl1
1 of 14
No
No
Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (43)
Xtro\calm2
7 of 13
Yes
Yes
Xtro\calml4
4 of 13
No
Yes
Xtro\calm1
2 of 13
No
No
Xtro\cetn1
2 of 13
No
No
Xtro\chp1
2 of 13
No
No
Xtro\hpcal1
2 of 13
No
No
Xtro\ncald
2 of 13
No
No
Xtro\ncs1
2 of 13
No
No
Xtro\tnnc1
2 of 13
No
Yes
Xtro\tnnc2
2 of 13
No
Yes
Xtro\vsnl1
2 of 13
No
No
Xtro\calb2
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\caln1
1 of 13
No
Yes
Xtro\calu
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\capn3
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\capn13
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\capns2
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\cib1
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\cib2
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\dnaaf10
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\duox2
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\efcab2
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\efhd1
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\efhd2
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\gca
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\lpcat2
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\myl7
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\myl9
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\myl10
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\myl12b
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\ninl
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\ocm1
1 of 13
No
Yes
Xtro\ocm3
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\pdcd6
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\pef1
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\pls1
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\rcvrn.1
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\rcvrn.2
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\scgn
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\sdf4
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\slc25a24
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\tesc
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\tnfsf10l
1 of 13
No
No
Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (93)
Drer\calm1a
13 of 14
Yes
Yes
Drer\calm1b
13 of 14
Yes
Yes
Drer\calm2a
13 of 14
Yes
Yes
Drer\calm2b
13 of 14
Yes
Yes
Drer\calm3b
13 of 14
Yes
Yes
Drer\calm3a
12 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\calml4a
4 of 14
No
No
Drer\calml4b
2 of 14
No
No
Drer\cetn2
2 of 14
No
No
Drer\cetn3
2 of 14
No
No
Drer\cetn4
2 of 14
No
No
Drer\chp1
2 of 14
No
No
Drer\chp2
2 of 14
No
No
Drer\hpcal1
2 of 14
No
No
Drer\hpcal4
2 of 14
No
No
Drer\ncaldb
2 of 14
No
No
Drer\ppp3r1a
2 of 14
No
No
Drer\ppp3r1b
2 of 14
No
No
Drer\tnnc1a
2 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\tnnc1b
2 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\tnnc2.1
2 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\tnnc2.2
2 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\vsnl1a
2 of 14
No
No
Drer\vsnl1b
2 of 14
No
No
Drer\aif1l
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\cabp1a
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\cabp1b
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\cabp2a
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\cabp2b
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\cabp4
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\cabp5a
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\cabp5b
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\cabp7b
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\calb1
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\calb2a
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\calb2b
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\caln1
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\caln2
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\calua
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\calub
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\capsla
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\cib2
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\cib3
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\cmlc1
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\efcab2
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\efcab7
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\efcab11
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\efhd1
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\efhd2
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\hpca
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\LOC100329495
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\lpcat2
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\myl1
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\myl2a
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\myl2b
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\myl4
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\myl6
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\myl7
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\myl9a
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\myl9b
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\myl10
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\myl12.1
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\myl12.2
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\myl13
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\mylpfa
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\mylpfb
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\mylz3
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\ncalda
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\ncs1a
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\ncs1b
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\pvalb1
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\pvalb2
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\pvalb3
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\pvalb4
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\pvalb5
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\pvalb6
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\pvalb7
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\pvalb8
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\pvalb9
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\rcn1
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\rcn2
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\rcn3
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\rcvrn2
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\rcvrna
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\rcvrnb
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\scgn
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\sdf4
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\si:cabz01076231.1
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\si:ch211-197n1.2
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\tesca
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\tescb
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\zgc:153867
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\zgc:163073
1 of 14
No
No
Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (42)
Cele\cmd-1
14 of 14
Yes
Yes
Cele\cal-1
4 of 14
No
No
Cele\cal-2
4 of 14
No
Yes
Cele\cal-3
3 of 14
No
No
Cele\cal-4
3 of 14
No
Yes
Cele\cal-5
3 of 14
No
Yes
Cele\cal-8
3 of 14
No
Yes
Cele\T09B4.4
3 of 14
No
No
Cele\B0563.7
2 of 14
No
No
Cele\chpf-1
2 of 14
No
No
Cele\chpf-2
2 of 14
No
No
Cele\cnb-1
2 of 14
No
No
Cele\pbo-1
2 of 14
No
No
Cele\R08D7.5
2 of 14
No
No
Cele\bli-3
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\C50C3.5
1 of 14
No
Yes
Cele\C56C10.9
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\cal-6
1 of 14
No
Yes
Cele\cal-7
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\calm-1
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\calu-1
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\calu-2
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\duox-2
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\E02A10.3
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\efhd-1
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\F43C9.2
1 of 14
No
Yes
Cele\H10E21.4
1 of 14
No
Yes
Cele\K03A1.4
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\M04F3.4
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\mlc-1
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\mlc-2
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\mlc-3
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\mlc-4
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\mlc-5
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\mlc-6
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\mlc-7
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\ncs-1
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\pat-10
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\T03F1.11
1 of 14
No
Yes
Cele\T27C10.9
1 of 14
No
Yes
Cele\tnc-2
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\Y73C8B.5
1 of 14
No
Yes
Anopheles gambiae (African malaria mosquito) (40)
Agam\AgaP_AGAP010957
11 of 12
Yes
Yes
Agam\AgaP_AGAP006622
4 of 12
No
Yes
Agam\AgaP_AGAP012844
3 of 12
No
Yes
Agam\AgaP_AGAP001760
2 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP002536
2 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP004298
2 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP004629
2 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP007247
2 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP009260
2 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP000277
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP000927
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP001569
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP001622
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP002810
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP004162
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP004737
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP005378
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP006174
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP006178
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP006179
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP006181
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP006182
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP006246
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP006361
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP007339
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP007666
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP007806
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP007963
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP008072
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP008474
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP009330
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP009528
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP010191
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP010392
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP010395
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP012067
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP012068
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP012179
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP013126
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP013280
1 of 12
No
No
Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (103)
Atha\CAM2
11 of 13
Yes
Yes
Atha\CAM1
10 of 13
No
Yes
Atha\CAM3
10 of 13
No
Yes
Atha\CAM4
10 of 13
No
Yes
Atha\CAM5
10 of 13
No
Yes
Atha\CAM6
10 of 13
No
Yes
Atha\CAM7
10 of 13
No
Yes
Atha\CML11
6 of 13
No
Yes
Atha\CAM8
5 of 13
No
Yes
Atha\AT1G62820
3 of 13
No
Yes
Atha\CAM9
3 of 13
No
Yes
Atha\AT1G12310
2 of 13
No
Yes
Atha\AT2G41090
2 of 13
No
No
Atha\AT3G03410
2 of 13
No
Yes
Atha\AT3G18430
2 of 13
No
No
Atha\CBL1
2 of 13
No
No
Atha\CBL2
2 of 13
No
No
Atha\CBL3
2 of 13
No
No
Atha\CBL6
2 of 13
No
No
Atha\CBL9
2 of 13
No
No
Atha\CEN2
2 of 13
No
No
Atha\CEN2
2 of 13
No
No
Atha\CML37
2 of 13
No
No
Atha\CML41
2 of 13
No
Yes
Atha\TCH3
2 of 13
No
Yes
Atha\AGD11
1 of 13
No
Yes
Atha\AT1G05990
1 of 13
No
Yes
Atha\AT1G18210
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\AT1G18530
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\AT1G21550
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\AT1G24620
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\AT1G32250
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\AT1G73630
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\AT1G76640
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\AT2G27480
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\AT2G36180
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\AT2G41410
1 of 13
No
Yes
Atha\AT2G46600
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\AT3G01830
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\AT3G03000
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\AT3G03400
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\AT3G03430
1 of 13
No
Yes
Atha\AT3G10190
1 of 13
No
Yes
Atha\AT3G10300
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\AT3G24110
1 of 13
No
Yes
Atha\AT3G25600
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\AT3G29000
1 of 13
No
Yes
Atha\AT3G47480
1 of 13
No
Yes
Atha\AT3G59440
1 of 13
No
Yes
Atha\AT4G03290
1 of 13
No
Yes
Atha\AT4G26470
1 of 13
No
Yes
Atha\AT4G27790
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\AT5G04170
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\AT5G08580
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\AT5G17470
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\AT5G39670
1 of 13
No
Yes
Atha\CBL5
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\CBL7
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\CBL8
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\CBL10
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\CDPK2
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\CDPK6
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\CDPK9
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\CDPK19
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\CML23
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\CML30
1 of 13
No
Yes
Atha\CML38
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\CML42
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\CML43
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\CP1
1 of 13
No
Yes
Atha\CPK1
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\CPK2
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\CPK4
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\CPK5
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\CPK6
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\CPK7
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\CPK9
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\CPK13
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\CPK14
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\CPK15
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\CPK16
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\CPK17
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\CPK18
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\CPK19
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\CPK20
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\CPK21
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\CPK22
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\CPK23
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\CPK24
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\CPK26
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\CPK27
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\CPK28
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\CPK29
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\CPK30
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\CPK31
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\CPK32
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\CPK33
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\CPK34
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\MSS3
1 of 13
No
Yes
Atha\PC1
1 of 13
No
Yes
Atha\SOS3
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\TCH2
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\UNE14
1 of 13
No
Yes
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (7)
Scer\CMD1
11 of 13
Yes
Yes
Scer\CDC31
2 of 13
No
No
Scer\CNB1
2 of 13
No
No
Scer\MLC1
2 of 13
No
No
Scer\FRQ1
1 of 13
No
No
Scer\MLC2
1 of 13
No
Yes
Scer\PEF1
1 of 13
No
No
Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (7)
Spom\cam1
10 of 12
Yes
Yes
Spom\cam2
2 of 12
No
Yes
Spom\cdc4
2 of 12
No
No
Spom\cdc31
2 of 12
No
No
Spom\ncs1
2 of 12
No
No
Spom\SPCC830.06
2 of 12
No
No
Spom\rlc1
1 of 12
No
No
Escherichia coli (enterobacterium) (0)
Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)
Data provided directly from OrthoDB:Cam. Refer to their site for version information.
Paralogs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Paralogs
Paralogs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Gene Symbol
Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (47)
Acam
8 of 13
azot
6 of 13
CG31960
6 of 13
CG5024
5 of 13
CG17770
5 of 13
CG30378
5 of 13
CG17272
4 of 13
CG9406
3 of 13
CG13526
3 of 13
CG13898
3 of 13
CG17493
3 of 13
CG31802
3 of 13
TpnC4
3 of 13
CG11638
2 of 13
Eip63F-1
2 of 13
TpnC25D
2 of 13
TpnC41C
2 of 13
TpnC47D
2 of 13
TpnC73F
2 of 13
Alg-2
1 of 13
CalpA
1 of 13
CalpB
1 of 13
CanB2
1 of 13
CanB
1 of 13
Cbp53E
1 of 13
CG11041
1 of 13
CG14362
1 of 13
CG14861
1 of 13
CG17237
1 of 13
CG31345
1 of 13
CG31650
1 of 13
CG32812
1 of 13
CG33098
1 of 13
CG34435
1 of 13
Cib2
1 of 13
elm
1 of 13
Frq1
1 of 13
Mlc1
1 of 13
Mlc2
1 of 13
Mlc-c
1 of 13
myd
1 of 13
Nca
1 of 13
Nox
1 of 13
Pef
1 of 13
scf
1 of 13
sqh
1 of 13
Swip-1
1 of 13
Human Disease Associations
FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports
    Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations
    Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 4 )
    Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 6 )
    Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1 and OMIM)
    Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.
    Homo sapiens (Human)
    Gene name
    Score
    OMIM
    OMIM Phenotype
    DO term
    Complementation?
    Transgene?
    CALM1; calmodulin 1
    12 of 14
    114180
    CALM2; calmodulin 2
    12 of 14
    114182
     
    CALM3; calmodulin 3
    12 of 14
    114183
     
    CALML3; calmodulin like 3
    6 of 14
    114184
        CALML4; calmodulin like 4
        4 of 14
        620520
             
            CALML5; calmodulin like 5
            4 of 14
            605183
                Functional Complementation Data
                Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.
                Interactions
                Summary of Physical Interactions
                Interaction Browsers
                View in FlyBase Interactions Browser   View in MIST tool (external link)
                Please see the Physical Interaction reports below for full details
                protein-protein
                Physical Interaction
                Assay
                References
                Cam - Atg16
                experimental knowledge based
                (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                Cam - Atg5
                experimental knowledge based
                (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                Cam - CG14687
                two hybrid
                (Hu et al., 2017.6.13)
                Cam - CG2736
                experimental knowledge based
                (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                Cam - CG3630
                experimental knowledge based
                (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                Cam - CG9166
                experimental knowledge based
                (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                Cam - CaMKI
                lambda phage display
                (Xu et al., 1998)
                Cam - CaMKII
                lambda phage display, pull down, competition binding, autoradiography
                (Xu et al., 1998, GuptaRoy et al., 1996)
                Cam - CanA-14F
                lambda phage display
                (Xu et al., 1998)
                Cam - Crag
                far western blotting, tag visualisation, anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, western blot, lambda phage display, pull down, anti tag western blot
                (Denef et al., 2008, Xu et al., 1998)
                Cam - KCNQ
                two hybrid, anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot
                (Wen et al., 2005)
                Cam - Mer
                anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting
                (Kwon et al., 2013)
                Cam - Plp
                two hybrid, anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot, phenotype-based detection assay, fluorescence microscopy, inferred by author
                (Galletta et al., 2014)
                Cam - Ric
                anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot, lambda phage display, far western blotting, tag visualisation, pull down
                (Xu et al., 1998, Wes et al., 1996)
                Cam - Rsbp15
                two hybrid
                (Hu et al., 2017.6.13)
                Cam - RyR
                comigration in non denaturing gel electrophoresis, molecular weight estimation by staining, classical fluorescence spectroscopy, predetermined participant
                (Wang et al., 2004)
                Cam - Sas-6
                anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot
                (Ito et al., 2019)
                Cam - Strn-Mlck
                lambda phage display
                (Xu et al., 1998)
                Cam - Swip-1
                experimental knowledge based
                (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                Cam - Vha100-1
                bio-layer interferometry, molecular sieving, molecular weight estimation by staining, classical fluorescence spectroscopy, pull down, western blot
                (Wang et al., 2014, Zhang et al., 2008)
                Cam - asp
                two hybrid
                (Schoborg et al., 2015)
                Cam - awd
                experimental knowledge based
                (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                Cam - cnn
                nuclear magnetic resonance
                (Citron et al., 2018)
                Cam - cry
                anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, western blot
                (Mazzotta et al., 2018)
                Cam - dachs
                anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting, molecular weight estimation by staining
                (Cao et al., 2014, Kwon et al., 2013)
                Cam - didum
                anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, western blot, peptide massfingerprinting
                (Satoh et al., 2008, Toth et al., 2005)
                Cam - eag
                pull down, western blot
                (Bronk et al., 2018, Sun et al., 2004)
                Cam - fj
                anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting
                (Kwon et al., 2013)
                Cam - igl
                two hybrid
                (Neel and Young, 1994)
                Cam - inaD
                pull down, western blot
                (Chevesich et al., 1997)
                Cam - jar
                classical fluorescence spectroscopy, predetermined participant, two hybrid, anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot, mass spectrometry study of hydrogen/deuterium exchange, nuclear magnetic resonance
                (Li et al., 2024, Joshi et al., 2012, Frank et al., 2006)
                Cam - ninaC
                far western blotting, autoradiography, lambda phage display, pull down, molecular weight estimation by staining
                (Xu et al., 1998, Porter et al., 1993)
                Cam - orb2
                electron paramagnetic resonance, predetermined participant
                (Soria et al., 2022)
                Cam - plx
                lambda phage display, far western blotting, tag visualisation, pull down, anti tag western blot
                (Xu et al., 1998)
                Cam - poe
                lambda phage display
                (Xu et al., 1998)
                Cam - sra
                anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, multidimensional protein identification technology
                (Takeo et al., 2012)
                Cam - tim
                pull down, tag visualisation by enzyme assay
                (Tataroglu et al., 2015)
                Cam - trp
                x-ray crystallography, molecular sieving, static light scattering, confirmation by molecular weight, isothermal titration calorimetry, predetermined participant, pull down, molecular weight estimation by staining, cosedimentation, western blot, nuclear magnetic resonance
                (Chen et al., 2021, Sun et al., 2018, Chevesich et al., 1997)
                Cam - trpl
                lambda phage display
                (Xu et al., 1998, Phillips et al., 1992)
                Cam - unc-13
                lambda phage display, pull down, anti tag western blot, far western blotting, tag visualisation
                (Xu et al., 1998)
                Cam - α-Spec
                far western blotting, tag visualisation
                (Dubreuil et al., 1991)
                Summary of Genetic Interactions
                Interaction Browsers
                View in FlyBase Interactions Browser   View in MIST tool (external link)
                Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions
                Starting gene(s)
                Interaction type
                Interacting gene(s)
                Reference
                Cam
                suppressible
                Ca-α1D
                (Wang et al., 2003)
                Cam
                suppressible
                RyR
                (Wang et al., 2003)
                Starting gene(s)
                Interaction type
                Interacting gene(s)
                Reference
                chb
                suppressible
                Cam
                (Lowery et al., 2010)
                Delta
                enhanceable
                Cam
                (Even et al., 2019)
                Dys
                enhanceable
                Cam
                (Kucherenko et al., 2011)
                Dys
                suppressible
                Cam
                (Kucherenko et al., 2008)
                fzr
                suppressible
                Cam
                (Neuert et al., 2017)
                lok
                suppressible
                Cam
                (Park and Song, 2008)
                lola|psq|Delta
                enhanceable
                Cam
                (Even et al., 2019)
                pbl
                suppressible
                Cam
                (Gregory et al., 2007)
                TrpA1
                suppressible
                Cam
                (Melom and Littleton, 2013)
                zyd
                suppressible
                Cam
                (Melom and Littleton, 2013)
                External Data
                Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)
                Interacts with Crag (PubMed:18331716). Interacts with stac (PubMed:9813038). Interacts with Akap200; the interaction is calcium-dependent and is inhibited by PKC-mediated phosphorylation of Akap200 (PubMed:10480937).
                (UniProt, P62152 )
                Linkouts
                BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
                DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
                MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
                MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
                Pathways
                Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)
                Metabolic Pathways
                FlyBase
                External Links
                External Data
                Linkouts
                KEGG Pathways - A collection of manually drawn pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.
                Class of Gene
                Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data
                Chromosome (arm)
                2R
                Recombination map
                2-66
                Cytogenetic map
                48F1-48F6
                Sequence location
                FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
                Cytogenetic map
                Evidence for location
                48F1-48F6
                Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{PZ}Cam03909 and P{lacW}Camk11802&P{lacW}l(2)k01103k01103;
                Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
                Cytogenetic map
                Notes
                References
                48F5-48F6
                (Harvie, 1997.6.4)
                48F1-48F2
                (determined by in situ hybridisation)
                (Spradling et al., 1999)
                48F1-48F2
                48F3--4 48F5--6
                (BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999)
                49A-49A
                (determined by in situ hybridisation)
                (Smith et al., 1987, Yamanaka et al., 1987)
                Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
                Location

                2-66

                (FlyBase, 2016)

                2-68.0

                (Comeron et al., 2012)
                Left of (cM)
                Right of (cM)
                Notes
                Stocks and Reagents
                Stocks (39)
                Genomic Clones (35)
                cDNA Clones (282)
                 

                Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see JBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

                cDNA clones, fully sequenced
                BDGP DGC clones
                Other clones
                Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

                For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

                cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
                BDGP DGC clones
                Other clones
                RNAi and Array Information
                Linkouts
                DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
                Antibody Information
                Laboratory Generated Antibodies
                 
                Commercially Available Antibodies
                 
                Cell Line Information
                Publicly Available Cell Lines
                 
                  Other Stable Cell Lines
                   
                    Other Comments

                    Cam is involved in centriole duplication and is required for efficient recruitment of pericentriolar material.

                    (Dobbelaere et al., 2008)

                    RNAi screen using dsRNA made from templates generated with primers directed against this gene results in unfocused spindle microtubules and pole detachment when assayed in S2 cells. This phenotype can be observed when the screen is performed with or without Cdc27 dsRNA.

                    (Goshima et al., 2007)

                    RNAi screen using dsRNA made from templates generated with primers directed against this gene results in kinetochore-fiber unfocusing and centrosome detachment phenotypes when assayed in S2 cells.

                    (Goshima et al., 2007)

                    Expression is enriched in embryonic gonads.

                    (Shigenobu et al., 2006)

                    The interaction of Cam domains with target peptides derived from the target sequence of sk-MLCK is investigated.

                    (Barth et al., 1998)

                    Identification: Enhancer trap expression pattern survey for loci expressed in the ring gland.

                    (Harvie et al., 1998)

                    The complex expression patterns of Cam are examined.

                    (Andruss et al., 1997)

                    The effects of Ca-Cam on light adaptation, light- and chemically induced Ca2+ release from internal stores, and the resulting inward current are examined using whole cell patch-clamp and fluorimetric recordings from photoreceptor cells. Negative regulation of Ca-Cam on Ca2+ release from ryanodine-sensitive stores is essential for light excitation and light adaptation and for keeping the store-operated current (ISOC) under a tight control.

                    (Arnon et al., 1997)

                    The stability of Cam can be dramatically reduced by mutation of a single highly conserved residue, but changes in solvent or in the binding of a target sequences can readily compensate for this, restoring the wild-type properties.

                    (Browne et al., 1997)

                    Generation and analysis of point mutations in the protein coding region of the Cam gene. The mutants identify several cellular, developmental and behavioural processes regulated by Cam.

                    (Nelson et al., 1997)

                    Cam protein coordinates termination of the light response in photoreceptor cells by modulating receptor and ion channel activity.

                    (Scott et al., 1997)

                    Isoforms of CaMKII have similar biochemical properties, they exhibit differential activity by mutant Cam proteins. Data supports a role for the C-terminal variable region of CaMKII in the mechanism of activation and demonstrate that stimulation of CaMKII catalytic activity by Cam is a multistep process, with separate binding and activation steps.

                    (GuptaRoy et al., 1996)

                    The spontaneous avoidance behaviour of Cam null mutants has striking similarities to the enhanced avoidance response produced by some calmodulin mutations in Paramecium. This suggests evolutionary conservation of a role for calmodulin in membrane excitability and linked behavioural responses.

                    (Heiman et al., 1996)

                    UV-difference spectroscopy and near-UV CD are used to monitor conformational changes to Tyr-138. The ability of Cam mutants to activate one of the target enzymes of Cam, Strn-Mlck, is examined. Results provide strong evidence that events in the N-terminal lobe of Cam are detected in the C-terminal lobe, as monitored by Tyr-138.

                    (Mukherjea et al., 1996)

                    Clonal analysis suggests that Cam null clones in the PNS result in abnormal differentiation of the sense organs, and that null clones in all tissues are generally small, if not deleted.

                    (Atkinson and Beckingham, 1995)

                    Null Cam individuals die as first larval instar. Larvae display a locomotor defect, they have backward movements 50% of the time and these occur spontaneously in the absence of any overt stimulus.

                    (Beckingham et al., 1995)

                    Calcium signaling in the growth cone is required for proper axon pathfinding. Calcium may in part regulate certain growth cone decisions, including whether or not to cross the midline.

                    (VanBerkum and Goodman, 1995)

                    Interaction between ninaC gene product and Cam gene product is required for subcellular localization of calmodulin and for phototransduction.

                    (Porter et al., 1993)

                    Backbone dynamics of Cam, studied by 15N relaxation using inverse detected two-dimensional NMR spectroscopy, reveal the central helix is flexible.

                    (Barbato et al., 1992)

                    The pattern of Cam RNA expression during embryogenesis has been analysed.

                    (Kovalick and Beckingham, 1992)

                    Stopped-flow kinetic methods have been used to study the Ca2+ binding properties of Cal mutants.

                    (Martin et al., 1992)

                    Circular dichroism measurements were used to assess Ca2+-induced changes in secondary and tertiary structure of calmodulin. In vitro mutagenesis alleles assayed in cell free translation systems revealed significant interaction between N and C terminal domains required for Ca2+ binding.

                    (Maune et al., 1992)

                    Calcium binding properties and calcium induced conformation changes of mutant proteins is studied.

                    (Maune et al., 1992)

                    Comparison of CpG distribution in the coding region of 121 genes from six species supports the mCpG mutational hotspot explanation of CpG suppression in methylated species at position II-III and III-I.

                    (Schorderet and Gartler, 1992)

                    One dimensional 1H-NMR has been used to monitor Ca2+-induced changes in mutant Cam proteins. The results reveal interactions between the calcium-binding sites of Cam.

                    (Starovasnik et al., 1992)

                    Calcium-induced conformational changes have been studied in Cal by the use of a hydrophobic reporter molecule 9AC, this results in the exposure of hydrophobic surfaces on the protein.

                    (Beckingham, 1991)

                    Complete 1H and 13C side chain assignments and the secondary structure of Cam in solution are determined using NMR spectroscopy.

                    (Ikura et al., 1991)

                    The crystal structure of Cal as expressed in a bacterial system has been determined and refined at 2.2-A resolution. This structure is compared with the structure of the mammalian calmodulin protein.

                    (Taylor et al., 1991)

                    Structure and expression studies of the single Cal gene have found that the gene encodes a tiny additional 5' exon encoding only 50 residues of the 5' leader. Two transcript classes are derived from the gene as a result of alternative polyadenylation site usage, the sites are developmentally regulated.

                    (Doyle et al., 1990)

                    The structure and sequence of the Cal gene has been determined.

                    (Smith et al., 1987)

                    The structural gene for the calcium-binding protein, calmodulin.

                    Relationship to Other Genes
                    Source for database merge of

                    Source for merge of: Cam anon- EST:Posey59

                    (Ashburner, 2004.6.30)
                    Additional comments

                    l(2)k08317 may correspond to Cam: the P{lacW}l(2)k08317k08317 insertion maps within the transcription unit.

                    (Gene Disruption Project members, 2015.10.8)
                    Nomenclature History
                    Source for database identify of
                    Nomenclature comments
                    Etymology
                    Synonyms and Secondary IDs (20)
                    Reported As
                    Symbol Synonym
                    3909
                    (Harvie et al., 1998)
                    CAM
                    (Rees et al., 2011, Scott and Zuker, 1998)
                    CG8472
                    (Kolkhof et al., 2017, Neuert et al., 2017, Hosono et al., 2015, Moutinho-Pereira et al., 2013, Cammarato et al., 2011, Lowery et al., 2010, Ni et al., 2010.12.1, Keleman et al., 2009.8.5, Dobbelaere et al., 2008, Hughes et al., 2008, Goshima et al., 2007, Huang et al., 2007, Quinones-Coello, 2007, Ashburner, 2004.6.30)
                    CaM
                    (Jeong, 2024, Li et al., 2024, Jusyte et al., 2023, Koranteng et al., 2022, Roy Choudhury et al., 2021, Kaufman et al., 2020, Lucke et al., 2020, Toprak et al., 2020, Voolstra and Huber, 2020, He et al., 2019, Ito et al., 2019, Bronk et al., 2018, Citron et al., 2018, Mazzotta et al., 2018, Sun et al., 2018, Kim et al., 2017, Bahk and Jones, 2016, Xu et al., 2016, Davis, 2015, Schoborg et al., 2015, Galletta et al., 2014, Kukic et al., 2014, Mukunda et al., 2014, Wang et al., 2014, Brubaker-Purkey and Woodruff, 2013, Sartain and Wolfner, 2013, Chorna and Hasan, 2012, Pak et al., 2012, Xiong et al., 2012, Wang et al., 2008, Zhang et al., 2008, Goshima et al., 2007, Goshima et al., 2007, Gwack et al., 2007, Harrisingh et al., 2007, Frank et al., 2006, Gribovskaja et al., 2005, Wen et al., 2005, Delmas et al., 2004, Martin and Bayley, 2004, Martin et al., 2004, Sun et al., 2004, Biekofsky et al., 2002, Clapperton et al., 2002, Wang et al., 2002, Bilder, 2001, Harris and Lim, 2001, Kim et al., 2001, Lee et al., 2001, Wang and Beckingham, 2001, Andruss et al., 2000, Fefeu et al., 2000, Fritz and VanBerkum, 2000, Masino et al., 2000, Villain et al., 2000, Wang et al., 2000, Fanning and Anderson, 1999, Martin et al., 1999, Li et al., 1998, Martin et al., 1998, Onyike et al., 1998, Arnon et al., 1997, Browne et al., 1997, Brown et al., 1997, Nelson et al., 1997, Peerson et al., 1997, Scott and Zuker, 1997, Stevens-Truss et al., 1997, Andruss et al., 1996, Bayley et al., 1996, Bayley et al., 1996, Browne et al., 1996, GuptaRoy et al., 1996, Andres and Thummel, 1995, Andruss and Beckingham, 1995, Findlay et al., 1995, VanBerkum and Goodman, 1995, Findlay et al., 1994, Andruss and Beckingham, 1993, Maune et al., 1992, Yovell et al., 1992, Ikura et al., 1991)
                    Cal
                    Cal49A
                    CalA
                    (Kollmar, 2006, Kollmar and Odronitz, 2006)
                    Cam
                    (Aziz et al., 2024, Chvilicek et al., 2024, Lee et al., 2024, Prelic et al., 2024, Brener et al., 2023, Praschberger et al., 2023, Titlow et al., 2023, Beaver et al., 2022, Cho et al., 2022, Gong et al., 2022, Hultmark and Andó, 2022, Liu et al., 2022, Sebastian et al., 2022, Heier et al., 2021, Kawamura et al., 2021, Xie et al., 2021, Feuillette et al., 2020, Park et al., 2020, Samuels et al., 2020, Schwartz et al., 2020, Vajente et al., 2020, Wang et al., 2020, Zhang and Zhang, 2020, Even et al., 2019, Kockel et al., 2019, Song et al., 2019, Tarafdar et al., 2019, Weiss et al., 2019, Zhang and Zhang, 2019, Musselman and Kühnlein, 2018, Parkhurst et al., 2018, Hsu and Drummond-Barbosa, 2017, Hu et al., 2017.6.13, Neuert et al., 2017, Song et al., 2017, Transgenic RNAi Project members, 2017-, Clandinin and Owens, 2016-, Hu et al., 2016, Puah and Wasser, 2016, Rabinovich et al., 2016, Dean et al., 2015, Lin et al., 2015, Ashwal-Fluss et al., 2014, Brown et al., 2013, Kwon et al., 2013, Kwon et al., 2013, Fischer et al., 2012, Joyce et al., 2012, Murray et al., 2012, Senthilan et al., 2012, Zhao et al., 2012, Abou Tayoun et al., 2011, Kucherenko et al., 2011, Marrone et al., 2011, Kazemi-Esfarjani, 2010.6.21, Lowery et al., 2010, Fontenele et al., 2009, Michno et al., 2009, Christensen et al., 2008.4.15, Christensen et al., 2008.4.15, Dobbelaere et al., 2008, Kucherenko et al., 2008, Zhao et al., 2008, Buszczak et al., 2007, Magalhaes et al., 2007, Quinones-Coello, 2007, Quinones-Coello et al., 2007, Stuart et al., 2007, Altenhein et al., 2006, Bandyopadhyay et al., 2006, Pavlik et al., 2006, Shigenobu et al., 2006, Manh et al., 2005, Taraszka et al., 2005, Andruss et al., 2004, Wang et al., 2004, Gim et al., 2001, GuptaRoy et al., 2000, Hanson-Painton et al., 1992)
                    Cam1
                    (Bandyopadhyay et al., 2006)
                    D-CaM
                    (Wang et al., 2004, Neel and Young, 1994)
                    DmCaM
                    (Cao et al., 2014)
                    DmCalm
                    (Yamashita et al., 2000)
                    anon-EST:Posey59
                    cam
                    (Clemens et al., 2018, Stephano et al., 2018, Lefebvre et al., 2016, Melom and Littleton, 2013, Pak et al., 2012, Smibert et al., 2012, Abou Tayoun et al., 2011, Hilgers et al., 2011, Hornbruch-Freitag et al., 2011, Carrillo et al., 2010, Liu et al., 2008, Satoh et al., 2008, Harrison et al., 2005, Alloway and Dolph, 1999, Montell, 1999)
                    dCaM
                    (Ji et al., 2015, Toth et al., 2005, Xiong et al., 2002, Rodney et al., 2000)
                    l(2)03909
                    l(2)3909
                    (Harvie, 1997.6.4)
                    lincRNA.S2634
                    (FlyBase Genome Annotators, 2014, Young et al., 2012)
                    Name Synonyms
                    Calmodulin
                    (Jafari and Alenius, 2021, Hu et al., 2016, Xu et al., 2016, Zhang and Baehrecke, 2015, Nelson et al., 2014, Wang et al., 2014, Moutinho-Pereira et al., 2013, Takeo et al., 2012, Xiong et al., 2012, Cammarato et al., 2011, Hornbruch-Freitag et al., 2011, Kucherenko et al., 2011, Marrone et al., 2011, Anholt and Williams, 2010, Fontenele et al., 2009, Denef et al., 2008, Denef et al., 2008, Hughes et al., 2008, Zhao et al., 2008, Gregory et al., 2007, Quinones-Coello et al., 2007, Pavlik et al., 2006, Manh et al., 2005, Wang et al., 2004, Gim et al., 2001, Xu et al., 1998, Wes et al., 1996, Hanson-Painton et al., 1992, Phillips et al., 1992)
                    calmodulin
                    (Sato et al., 2023, Chen et al., 2021, Liu et al., 2021, Clemens et al., 2018, Allen et al., 2017, Kawasaki and Kretsinger, 2017, Davis, 2015, Sartain and Wolfner, 2013, Joshi et al., 2012, Pak et al., 2012, Zhao et al., 2012, Abou Tayoun et al., 2011, Tessier and Broadie, 2011, Lowery et al., 2010, Sénatore et al., 2010, Michno et al., 2009, Yang et al., 2009, Kucherenko et al., 2008, Park and Song, 2008, Yuen et al., 2008, Costantino et al., 2007, Huang et al., 2007, Costantino et al., 2006, Gribovskaja et al., 2005, Harrison et al., 2005, Montell, 2005, Voets and Nilius, 2003, Dan et al., 2001, GuptaRoy et al., 2000, Montell, 1999, Smith, 1999.7.28, Chevesich et al., 1997, Hanson-Painton, 1993.1.25, Hanson-Painton, 1993.1.25, Dubreuil et al., 1991, Tobin, 1987.6.15)
                    Secondary FlyBase IDs
                    • FBgn0010559
                    • FBgn0015611
                    • FBgn0027677
                    Datasets (0)
                    Study focus (0)
                    Experimental Role
                    Project
                    Project Type
                    Title
                    Study result (0)
                    Result
                    Result Type
                    Title
                    External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 101 )
                    Sequence Crossreferences
                    NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.
                    GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.
                    GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.
                    RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.
                    UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.
                    UniProt/Swiss-Prot - Manually annotated and reviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
                    UniProt/TrEMBL - Automatically annotated and unreviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
                    Other crossreferences
                    AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.
                    BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
                    DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
                    EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
                    FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
                    FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics
                    InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
                    KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.
                    MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)
                    PDB - An information portal to biological macromolecular structures
                    Linkouts
                    BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
                    Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones
                    DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
                    DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
                    Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
                    FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
                    FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel
                    Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
                    Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
                    FlyMet - A comprehensive tissue-specific metabolomics resource for Drosophila.
                    iBeetle-Base - RNAi phenotypes in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)
                    Interactive Fly - A cyberspace guide to Drosophila development and metazoan evolution
                    KEGG Pathways - A collection of manually drawn pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.
                    MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
                    MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
                    References (380)