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Gene Dmel\CecB

General Information
Symbol	Dmel\CecB	Species	D. melanogaster
Name	Cecropin B	Annotation symbol	CG1878
Feature type	protein_coding_gene	FlyBase ID	FBgn0000278
Gene Model Status	Current	Stock availability	3 publicly available
Also Known As	Cec, crpB
Genomic Location
Chromosome (arm)	3R	Recombination map
Cytogenetic map	99E2-99E2	Sequence location	3R:26,039,037..26,039,519 [-]
Genomic Maps Select View:Gene Models/EvidenceExpression/RegulationMegaViewGene Disruptions, Stocks and Reagents Beta	Decorated FastA GenBankGFF Gene region Extended Gene region CDSIntronsExonsTranslationsTranscripts3' UTR5' UTR
Summary Information
Automatically generated summary See sections below for more information	The gene Cecropin B is referred to in FlyBase by the symbol Dmel\CecB (CG1878, FBgn0000278). It is a protein_coding_gene from Drosophila melanogaster. Its molecular function is unknown. There is experimental evidence that it is involved in the biological process: defense response to Gram-negative bacterium; autophagic cell death; humoral immune response; defense response to Gram-positive bacterium; salivary gland cell autophagic cell death; antibacterial humoral response. 3 alleles are reported. No phenotypic data is available. It has one annotated transcript and one annotated polypeptide. Protein features are: Cecropin; Cecropin, diptera. Summary of modENCODE Temporal Expression Profile: Temporal profile ranges from a peak of high expression to a trough of no expression detected. Peak expression observed during early pupal stages. Summary of FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data: Little or no expression detected in any larval or adult organs/tissues. Comments on Affy2 ProbeSet: ProbeSet 1626530_at completely aligns to an exonic region of the only FlyBase-annotated transcript isoform of CecB. Gene sequence location is 3R:26039037..26039519.
User Contributed Data
	Beta version, feedback welcome
Phenotypic Description from the Red Book (Lindsley & Zimm 1992)
Gene/Allele symbols may differ from current usage	Cec: Cecropin Three structural genes for three very similar cecropin proteins (cecropin A1, A2, and B), bacteriacidal proteins that are induced in adults in response to bacterial infection. All three cecropin genes are coordinately induced by injection of bacteria, although the B gene is expressed at a much lower level. Levels appreciable within one hour, peak at 6 hours and have generally returned to base line by 24 hours. Cecropins also induced by ingested bacteria.
Recent Updates
Description	What does this section display? This section contains items that were added to this record for each release. It currently only tracks new links between this FlyBase report and other FlyBase data classes (e.g. genes, references, stocks) or controlled vocabulary terms (e.g. GO, anatomy terms). What does this section not display? This section does not currently display links that were removed or gene model changes.
Update Feed	Click the icon below to subscribe to this FlyBase record and receive updates automatically through your feed reader.
FB2013_03
FB2013_02
All updates	Click here to see a list of all updates to this record from FB2010_08 and on.
Detailed Mapping Data
FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Evidence for location 99E2-99E2   Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{PZ}ncd05884 and P{lacW}l(3)s2500s2500
Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Notes References
Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
Location
Left of (cM)
Right of (cM)
Notes
Gene Model & Products
Please see the GBrowse view of Dmel\CecB for information on other features To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form
Comments on Gene Model
	Gene model reviewed during 5.49
Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name FlyBase ID RefSeq ID Length (nt) Associated CDS (aa) CecB-RA FBtr0085640  NM_079851   425   63
Additional Transcript Data & Comments
Reported size (kB)	0.4 (northern blot) (Kylsten et al., 1990)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name FlyBase ID Predicted MW (kDa) Length (aa) Theoretical pI RefSeq ID GenBank protein CecB-PA   FBpp0085002   6.8   63   11.65     NP_524590   AAF57027
Additional Polypeptide Data & Comments
Reported size (kDa)	63 (aa) (Kylsten et al., 1990)
Comments
External Data
Linkouts
Crossreferences	InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites • Cecropin (IPR000875) Cecropin, diptera (IPR020400)
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank	DNA sequence Protein sequence Name AE014297 AAF57027   AB010791 BAA28722   AB010792 BAA28726   AB010793 BAA28729   AB010794 BAA28733   AB010795 BAA28735   AB010796 BAA28739   AF018994 AAB82491   AF018995 AAB82492   AF018996 AAB82493   AF018997 AAB82494   AF018998 AAB82495   AF018999 AAB82496   AF019000 AAB82497   AF019001 AAB82498   AF019002 AAB82499   AF019003 AAB82500   AF019004 AAB82501   AF019005 AAB82502   BT132682   CO152769   CO152812   CO152894   CO153154   CO153342   CO153429   CO153546   CO153627   CO153816   CO153844   CO153909   CO154083   CO154143   CO154172   CO154313   CO154390   CO154526   CO154603   CO154643   CO154738   CO154845   CO154986   CO154993   CO155000   CO155109   CO155227   CO155368   CO155430   CO155500   CO155530   CO155686   CO155795   CO155836   CO155849   CO156275   CO156276   CO156531   CO156665   CO156725   CO156870   CO156899   CO156910   CO335413   CO335578   CO335621   CO335887   CO335948   CO335956   CO336078   CO336136   CO336176   CO336232   CO336343   CO336380   CO336420   CO336477   CO336504   CO336542   CO336615   CO336685   CO336702   CO336891   CO337116   CO337528   CO337732   CO337841   CO337912   CO338358   CO338425   CO338437   CO338516   CO338556   CO338593   CO338618   CO338714   CO338758   CO338769   CO338841   CO338870   EC260792   EC260835   EC260908   EC260933   EC261023   EC261165   EC261421   EC261447   EC261515   EC261566   EC261636   EC261665   EC261877   EC262167   EC262192   EC262484   EC262593   EC262622   EC262633   EC262709   EC262717   EC262809   EC262958   EC263256   EC263288   EC263782   EC263824   EC263826   EC263863   EC264036   EC264140   EC264158   EC264212   EC264699   EC264763   EC264794   EC264798   EC265019   EC265075   EC265088   EC265162   EC265248   EC265341   EC265522   EC265573   EC265594   EC265612   EC265723   EC265784   EC265925   EC266250   EC266259   EC266353   EC266397   EC266573   EC266626   EC266719   EC266771   EC266844   EC266880   EC266903   EC266925   EC267165   EC267187   EC267356   EC267466   EC267488   EC267502   EC267626   EC267721   EC267746   EC268016   EC268030   X16972 CAA34845   Y16852 CAA76429   Y16853 CAA76435   Y16854 CAA76441   Y16855 CAA76447   Y16856 CAA76453   Y16857 CAA76459   Y16858 CAA76465   Y16859 CAA76471   Y16861 CAA76481
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot	P14956
UniProtKB/TrEMBL	Q6LAH5
Mapped Features
Mapped Features have been reorganized, please see this article for details. Additional mapped features and mutations can be found on GBrowse or related reports. Type Symbol & Location Additional Notes References
External Data
Linkouts
Crossreferences
Expression Data
Transcript Expression
in situ Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference larval stage   embryonic/larval hemocyte   (Samakovlis et al., 1990)
Additional Descriptive Data
	Cecropin mRNAs are induced after injection of a bacterial suspension into adult abdomens. They can also be induced by feeding flies bacteria-containing food. (Kylsten et al., 1990) CecB transcripts are only detected in untreated animals in small amounts in early pupae and adults. They are strongly induced by bacteria. CecB transcripts are preferentially induced in early pupae as opposed to larvae or adults. CecB levels are lower than CecA2 in fat body and comparable in hemocytes. (Samakovlis et al., 1990)
Marker for
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Polypeptide Expression
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
Subcellular Localization (GO Cellular Component)
CV term Evidence References
extracellular region inferred from direct assay (assigned by UniProtKB) (Samakovlis et al., 1990) extracellular space inferred from direct assay (Liu et al., 2006, Verleyen et al., 2006)
Expression Deduced from Reporters
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools
Reference	See Gelbart and Emmert, 2010.10.13 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
FlyAtlas Anatomy Microarray
FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data (FlyAtlas-RNA.adult) (FlyAtlas-RNA.larva)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap Back-to-back    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High level expression bin max Very high expression bin max Summary of FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data: Little or no expression detected in any larval or adult organs/tissues. [download data (TSV)] Guide to FlyAtlas expression level colors   No expression (0 - 9.999)   Low expression (10 - 99.999)   Moderate expression (100 - 499.999)   High level expression (500 - 999.999)   Very high expression (>999.999) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    23.475 Larval Midgut    17.3 Larval Hindgut    38 Larval Malpighian Tubules    22 Larval Fat Body    53.8 Larval Salivary Gland    62.3 Larval Trachea    63.375 Larval Carcass    98.2 Adult Head    67.8 Adult Eye    61.6 Adult Brain    12.4 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    8.9 Adult Crop    23.5 Adult Midgut    14.9 Adult Hindgut    23.5 Adult Malpighian Tubules    14.9 Adult Fat Body    35.9 Adult Salivary Gland    87.6 Adult Heart    65.25 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    21.1 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    33.4 Adult Ovary    13.9 Adult Testis    6.9 Adult Male Accessory Gland    10.8 Adult Carcass    57.2 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    23.475 Larval Midgut    17.3 Larval Hindgut    38 Larval Malpighian Tubules    22 Larval Fat Body    53.8 Larval Salivary Gland    62.3 Larval Trachea    63.375 Larval Carcass    98.2 Adult Head    67.8 Adult Eye    61.6 Adult Brain    12.4 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    8.9 Adult Crop    23.5 Adult Midgut    14.9 Adult Hindgut    23.5 Adult Malpighian Tubules    14.9 Adult Fat Body    35.9 Adult Salivary Gland    87.6 Adult Heart    65.25 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    21.1 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    33.4 Adult Ovary    13.9 Adult Testis    6.9 Adult Male Accessory Gland    10.8 Adult Carcass    57.2 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High  Linear, scaled to High level expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    23.475 Larval Midgut    17.3 Larval Hindgut    38 Larval Malpighian Tubules    22 Larval Fat Body    53.8 Larval Salivary Gland    62.3 Larval Trachea    63.375 Larval Carcass    98.2 Adult Head    67.8 Adult Eye    61.6 Adult Brain    12.4 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    8.9 Adult Crop    23.5 Adult Midgut    14.9 Adult Hindgut    23.5 Adult Malpighian Tubules    14.9 Adult Fat Body    35.9 Adult Salivary Gland    87.6 Adult Heart    65.25 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    21.1 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    33.4 Adult Ovary    13.9 Adult Testis    6.9 Adult Male Accessory Gland    10.8 Adult Carcass    57.2 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Very high expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    23.475 Larval Midgut    17.3 Larval Hindgut    38 Larval Malpighian Tubules    22 Larval Fat Body    53.8 Larval Salivary Gland    62.3 Larval Trachea    63.375 Larval Carcass    98.2 Adult Head    67.8 Adult Eye    61.6 Adult Brain    12.4 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    8.9 Adult Crop    23.5 Adult Midgut    14.9 Adult Hindgut    23.5 Adult Malpighian Tubules    14.9 Adult Fat Body    35.9 Adult Salivary Gland    87.6 Adult Heart    65.25 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    21.1 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    33.4 Adult Ovary    13.9 Adult Testis    6.9 Adult Male Accessory Gland    10.8 Adult Carcass    57.2 Expression Level Scale  Very high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    23.475 Larval Midgut    17.3 Larval Hindgut    38 Larval Malpighian Tubules    22 Larval Fat Body    53.8 Larval Salivary Gland    62.3 Larval Trachea    63.375 Larval Carcass    98.2 Adult Head    67.8 Adult Eye    61.6 Adult Brain    12.4 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    8.9 Adult Crop    23.5 Adult Midgut    14.9 Adult Hindgut    23.5 Adult Malpighian Tubules    14.9 Adult Fat Body    35.9 Adult Salivary Gland    87.6 Adult Heart    65.25 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    21.1 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    33.4 Adult Ovary    13.9 Adult Testis    6.9 Adult Male Accessory Gland    10.8 Adult Carcass    57.2 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate  log, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    23.475 Larval Midgut    17.3 Larval Hindgut    38 Larval Malpighian Tubules    22 Larval Fat Body    53.8 Larval Salivary Gland    62.3 Larval Trachea    63.375 Larval Carcass    98.2 Adult Head    67.8 Adult Eye    61.6 Adult Brain    12.4 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    8.9 Adult Crop    23.5 Adult Midgut    14.9 Adult Hindgut    23.5 Adult Malpighian Tubules    14.9 Adult Fat Body    35.9 Adult Salivary Gland    87.6 Adult Heart    65.25 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    21.1 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    33.4 Adult Ovary    13.9 Adult Testis    6.9 Adult Male Accessory Gland    10.8 Adult Carcass    57.2 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High  log, scaled to High level expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    23.475 Larval Midgut    17.3 Larval Hindgut    38 Larval Malpighian Tubules    22 Larval Fat Body    53.8 Larval Salivary Gland    62.3 Larval Trachea    63.375 Larval Carcass    98.2 Adult Head    67.8 Adult Eye    61.6 Adult Brain    12.4 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    8.9 Adult Crop    23.5 Adult Midgut    14.9 Adult Hindgut    23.5 Adult Malpighian Tubules    14.9 Adult Fat Body    35.9 Adult Salivary Gland    87.6 Adult Heart    65.25 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    21.1 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    33.4 Adult Ovary    13.9 Adult Testis    6.9 Adult Male Accessory Gland    10.8 Adult Carcass    57.2 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  log, scaled to Very high expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    23.475 Larval Midgut    17.3 Larval Hindgut    38 Larval Malpighian Tubules    22 Larval Fat Body    53.8 Larval Salivary Gland    62.3 Larval Trachea    63.375 Larval Carcass    98.2 Adult Head    67.8 Adult Eye    61.6 Adult Brain    12.4 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    8.9 Adult Crop    23.5 Adult Midgut    14.9 Adult Hindgut    23.5 Adult Malpighian Tubules    14.9 Adult Fat Body    35.9 Adult Salivary Gland    87.6 Adult Heart    65.25 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    21.1 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    33.4 Adult Ovary    13.9 Adult Testis    6.9 Adult Male Accessory Gland    10.8 Adult Carcass    57.2 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  Heatmap Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System     Larval Midgut     Larval Hindgut     Larval Malpighian Tubules     Larval Fat Body     Larval Salivary Gland     Larval Trachea     Larval Carcass     Adult Head     Adult Eye     Adult Brain     Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion     Adult Crop     Adult Midgut     Adult Hindgut     Adult Malpighian Tubules     Adult Fat Body     Adult Salivary Gland     Adult Heart     Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca     Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca     Adult Ovary     Adult Testis     Adult Male Accessory Gland     Adult Carcass     FlyAtlas Organ/Tissue Expression, larval vs. adult Larval Expression Level Tissue Adult Expression Level   NA  Head    67.8   NA  Eye    61.6   NA  Brain    no informative data   23.475  Central Nervous System    NA   NA  Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    8.9   NA  Crop    no informative data   no informative data  Midgut    no informative data   38  Hindgut    no informative data   no informative data  Malpighian Tubules    no informative data   no informative data  Fat Body    no informative data   no informative data  Salivary Gland    87.6   NA  Heart    65.25   no informative data  Trachea    NA   NA  VirginFemale Spermatheca    no informative data   NA  InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    no informative data   NA  Ovary    no informative data   NA  Testis    6.9   NA  Male Accessory Gland    no informative data   98.2  Carcass    no informative data FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data (Chintapalli et al., 2007)
modENCODE Anatomy RNA-Seq
modENCODE Tissue Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_tissues)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    0 central nervous system, larvae L3    0 central nervous system, pupae P8    4 head, virgin 1-day female    0 head, virgin 4-day female    2 head, virgin 20-day female    9 head, mated 1-day female    0 head, mated 4-day female    2 head, mated 20-day female    8 head, mated 1-day male    0 head, mated 4-day male    1 head, mated 20-day male    11 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    0 salivary gland, white prepupae    49 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    0 digestive system, 1-day adult    1 digestive system, 4-day adult    0 digestive system, 20-day adult    1 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    6 fat body, white prepupae    3 fat body, pupae P8    82 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    1 carcass, 1-day adult    7 carcass, 4-day adult    5 carcass, 20-day adult    17 ovary, virgin 4-day female    0 ovary, mated 4-day female    0 testis, mated 4-day male    0 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    0 central nervous system, larvae L3    0 central nervous system, pupae P8    4 head, virgin 1-day female    0 head, virgin 4-day female    2 head, virgin 20-day female    9 head, mated 1-day female    0 head, mated 4-day female    2 head, mated 20-day female    8 head, mated 1-day male    0 head, mated 4-day male    1 head, mated 20-day male    11 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    0 salivary gland, white prepupae  (49) digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    0 digestive system, 1-day adult    1 digestive system, 4-day adult    0 digestive system, 20-day adult    1 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    6 fat body, white prepupae    3 fat body, pupae P8  (82) carcass, larvae L3 wandering    1 carcass, 1-day adult    7 carcass, 4-day adult    5 carcass, 20-day adult    17 ovary, virgin 4-day female    0 ovary, mated 4-day female    0 testis, mated 4-day male    0 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    0 central nervous system, larvae L3    0 central nervous system, pupae P8    4 head, virgin 1-day female    0 head, virgin 4-day female    2 head, virgin 20-day female    9 head, mated 1-day female    0 head, mated 4-day female    2 head, mated 20-day female    8 head, mated 1-day male    0 head, mated 4-day male    1 head, mated 20-day male    11 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    0 salivary gland, white prepupae    49 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    0 digestive system, 1-day adult    1 digestive system, 4-day adult    0 digestive system, 20-day adult    1 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    6 fat body, white prepupae    3 fat body, pupae P8    82 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    1 carcass, 1-day adult    7 carcass, 4-day adult    5 carcass, 20-day adult    17 ovary, virgin 4-day female    0 ovary, mated 4-day female    0 testis, mated 4-day male    0 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    0 central nervous system, larvae L3    0 central nervous system, pupae P8    4 head, virgin 1-day female    0 head, virgin 4-day female    2 head, virgin 20-day female    9 head, mated 1-day female    0 head, mated 4-day female    2 head, mated 20-day female    8 head, mated 1-day male    0 head, mated 4-day male    1 head, mated 20-day male    11 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    0 salivary gland, white prepupae    49 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    0 digestive system, 1-day adult    1 digestive system, 4-day adult    0 digestive system, 20-day adult    1 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    6 fat body, white prepupae    3 fat body, pupae P8    82 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    1 carcass, 1-day adult    7 carcass, 4-day adult    5 carcass, 20-day adult    17 ovary, virgin 4-day female    0 ovary, mated 4-day female    0 testis, mated 4-day male    0 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    0 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    0 central nervous system, larvae L3    0 central nervous system, pupae P8    4 head, virgin 1-day female    0 head, virgin 4-day female    2 head, virgin 20-day female    9 head, mated 1-day female    0 head, mated 4-day female    2 head, mated 20-day female    8 head, mated 1-day male    0 head, mated 4-day male    1 head, mated 20-day male    11 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    0 salivary gland, white prepupae    49 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    0 digestive system, 1-day adult    1 digestive system, 4-day adult    0 digestive system, 20-day adult    1 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    6 fat body, white prepupae    3 fat body, pupae P8    82 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    1 carcass, 1-day adult    7 carcass, 4-day adult    5 carcass, 20-day adult    17 ovary, virgin 4-day female    0 ovary, mated 4-day female    0 testis, mated 4-day male    0 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    0 central nervous system, larvae L3    0 central nervous system, pupae P8    4 head, virgin 1-day female    0 head, virgin 4-day female    2 head, virgin 20-day female    9 head, mated 1-day female    0 head, mated 4-day female    2 head, mated 20-day female    8 head, mated 1-day male    0 head, mated 4-day male    1 head, mated 20-day male    11 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    0 salivary gland, white prepupae  (49) digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    0 digestive system, 1-day adult    1 digestive system, 4-day adult    0 digestive system, 20-day adult    1 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    6 fat body, white prepupae    3 fat body, pupae P8  (82) carcass, larvae L3 wandering    1 carcass, 1-day adult    7 carcass, 4-day adult    5 carcass, 20-day adult    17 ovary, virgin 4-day female    0 ovary, mated 4-day female    0 testis, mated 4-day male    0 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    0 central nervous system, larvae L3    0 central nervous system, pupae P8    4 head, virgin 1-day female    0 head, virgin 4-day female    2 head, virgin 20-day female    9 head, mated 1-day female    0 head, mated 4-day female    2 head, mated 20-day female    8 head, mated 1-day male    0 head, mated 4-day male    1 head, mated 20-day male    11 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    0 salivary gland, white prepupae    49 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    0 digestive system, 1-day adult    1 digestive system, 4-day adult    0 digestive system, 20-day adult    1 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    6 fat body, white prepupae    3 fat body, pupae P8    82 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    1 carcass, 1-day adult    7 carcass, 4-day adult    5 carcass, 20-day adult    17 ovary, virgin 4-day female    0 ovary, mated 4-day female    0 testis, mated 4-day male    0 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    0 central nervous system, larvae L3    0 central nervous system, pupae P8    4 head, virgin 1-day female    0 head, virgin 4-day female    2 head, virgin 20-day female    9 head, mated 1-day female    0 head, mated 4-day female    2 head, mated 20-day female    8 head, mated 1-day male    0 head, mated 4-day male    1 head, mated 20-day male    11 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    0 salivary gland, white prepupae    49 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    0 digestive system, 1-day adult    1 digestive system, 4-day adult    0 digestive system, 20-day adult    1 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    6 fat body, white prepupae    3 fat body, pupae P8    82 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    1 carcass, 1-day adult    7 carcass, 4-day adult    5 carcass, 20-day adult    17 ovary, virgin 4-day female    0 ovary, mated 4-day female    0 testis, mated 4-day male    0 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering     central nervous system, larvae L3     central nervous system, pupae P8     head, virgin 1-day female     head, virgin 4-day female     head, virgin 20-day female     head, mated 1-day female     head, mated 4-day female     head, mated 20-day female     head, mated 1-day male     head, mated 4-day male     head, mated 20-day male     salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering     salivary gland, white prepupae     digestive system, larvae L3 wandering     digestive system, 1-day adult     digestive system, 4-day adult     digestive system, 20-day adult     fat body, larvae L3 wandering     fat body, white prepupae     fat body, pupae P8     carcass, larvae L3 wandering     carcass, 1-day adult     carcass, 4-day adult     carcass, 20-day adult     ovary, virgin 4-day female     ovary, mated 4-day female     testis, mated 4-day male     accessory gland, mated 4-day male
modENCODE Development RNA-Seq
modENCODE Temporal Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_U)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max Summary of modENCODE Temporal Expression Profile: Temporal profile ranges from a peak of high expression to a trough of no expression detected. Peak expression observed during early pupal stages. [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    0 embryo 02-04hr    0 embryo 04-06hr    0 embryo 06-08hr    0 embryo 08-10hr    0 embryo 10-12hr    0 embryo 12-14hr    0 embryo 14-16hr    0 embryo 16-18hr    0 embryo 18-20hr    0 embryo 20-22hr    0 embryo 22-24hr    0 larva L1    0 larva L2    0 larva L3 12hr old    1 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    1 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    0 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    0 white prepupae new    1 white prepupae 12hr    111 white prepupae 24hr    5 pupae 2d postWPP    5 pupae 3d postWPP    1 pupae 4d postWPP    1 adult male 01day    0 adult male 05day    0 adult male 30day    0 adult female 01day    2 adult female 05day    0 adult female 30day    4 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    0 embryo 02-04hr    0 embryo 04-06hr    0 embryo 06-08hr    0 embryo 08-10hr    0 embryo 10-12hr    0 embryo 12-14hr    0 embryo 14-16hr    0 embryo 16-18hr    0 embryo 18-20hr    0 embryo 20-22hr    0 embryo 22-24hr    0 larva L1    0 larva L2    0 larva L3 12hr old    1 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    1 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    0 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    0 white prepupae new    1 white prepupae 12hr  (111) white prepupae 24hr    5 pupae 2d postWPP    5 pupae 3d postWPP    1 pupae 4d postWPP    1 adult male 01day    0 adult male 05day    0 adult male 30day    0 adult female 01day    2 adult female 05day    0 adult female 30day    4 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    0 embryo 02-04hr    0 embryo 04-06hr    0 embryo 06-08hr    0 embryo 08-10hr    0 embryo 10-12hr    0 embryo 12-14hr    0 embryo 14-16hr    0 embryo 16-18hr    0 embryo 18-20hr    0 embryo 20-22hr    0 embryo 22-24hr    0 larva L1    0 larva L2    0 larva L3 12hr old    1 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    1 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    0 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    0 white prepupae new    1 white prepupae 12hr  (111) white prepupae 24hr    5 pupae 2d postWPP    5 pupae 3d postWPP    1 pupae 4d postWPP    1 adult male 01day    0 adult male 05day    0 adult male 30day    0 adult female 01day    2 adult female 05day    0 adult female 30day    4 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    0 embryo 02-04hr    0 embryo 04-06hr    0 embryo 06-08hr    0 embryo 08-10hr    0 embryo 10-12hr    0 embryo 12-14hr    0 embryo 14-16hr    0 embryo 16-18hr    0 embryo 18-20hr    0 embryo 20-22hr    0 embryo 22-24hr    0 larva L1    0 larva L2    0 larva L3 12hr old    1 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    1 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    0 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    0 white prepupae new    1 white prepupae 12hr    111 white prepupae 24hr    5 pupae 2d postWPP    5 pupae 3d postWPP    1 pupae 4d postWPP    1 adult male 01day    0 adult male 05day    0 adult male 30day    0 adult female 01day    2 adult female 05day    0 adult female 30day    4 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    0 embryo 02-04hr    0 embryo 04-06hr    0 embryo 06-08hr    0 embryo 08-10hr    0 embryo 10-12hr    0 embryo 12-14hr    0 embryo 14-16hr    0 embryo 16-18hr    0 embryo 18-20hr    0 embryo 20-22hr    0 embryo 22-24hr    0 larva L1    0 larva L2    0 larva L3 12hr old    1 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    1 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    0 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    0 white prepupae new    1 white prepupae 12hr    111 white prepupae 24hr    5 pupae 2d postWPP    5 pupae 3d postWPP    1 pupae 4d postWPP    1 adult male 01day    0 adult male 05day    0 adult male 30day    0 adult female 01day    2 adult female 05day    0 adult female 30day    4 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Moderate expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    0 embryo 02-04hr    0 embryo 04-06hr    0 embryo 06-08hr    0 embryo 08-10hr    0 embryo 10-12hr    0 embryo 12-14hr    0 embryo 14-16hr    0 embryo 16-18hr    0 embryo 18-20hr    0 embryo 20-22hr    0 embryo 22-24hr    0 larva L1    0 larva L2    0 larva L3 12hr old    1 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    1 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    0 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    0 white prepupae new    1 white prepupae 12hr  (111) white prepupae 24hr    5 pupae 2d postWPP    5 pupae 3d postWPP    1 pupae 4d postWPP    1 adult male 01day    0 adult male 05day    0 adult male 30day    0 adult female 01day    2 adult female 05day    0 adult female 30day    4 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    0 embryo 02-04hr    0 embryo 04-06hr    0 embryo 06-08hr    0 embryo 08-10hr    0 embryo 10-12hr    0 embryo 12-14hr    0 embryo 14-16hr    0 embryo 16-18hr    0 embryo 18-20hr    0 embryo 20-22hr    0 embryo 22-24hr    0 larva L1    0 larva L2    0 larva L3 12hr old    1 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    1 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    0 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    0 white prepupae new    1 white prepupae 12hr  111 white prepupae 24hr    5 pupae 2d postWPP    5 pupae 3d postWPP    1 pupae 4d postWPP    1 adult male 01day    0 adult male 05day    0 adult male 30day    0 adult female 01day    2 adult female 05day    0 adult female 30day    4 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    0 embryo 02-04hr    0 embryo 04-06hr    0 embryo 06-08hr    0 embryo 08-10hr    0 embryo 10-12hr    0 embryo 12-14hr    0 embryo 14-16hr    0 embryo 16-18hr    0 embryo 18-20hr    0 embryo 20-22hr    0 embryo 22-24hr    0 larva L1    0 larva L2    0 larva L3 12hr old    1 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    1 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    0 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    0 white prepupae new    1 white prepupae 12hr    111 white prepupae 24hr    5 pupae 2d postWPP    5 pupae 3d postWPP    1 pupae 4d postWPP    1 adult male 01day    0 adult male 05day    0 adult male 30day    0 adult female 01day    2 adult female 05day    0 adult female 30day    4 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr     embryo 02-04hr     embryo 04-06hr     embryo 06-08hr     embryo 08-10hr     embryo 10-12hr     embryo 12-14hr     embryo 14-16hr     embryo 16-18hr     embryo 18-20hr     embryo 20-22hr     embryo 22-24hr     larva L1     larva L2     larva L3 12hr old     larva L3 puffstage 1-2     larva L3 puffstage 3-6     larva L3 puffstage 7-9     white prepupae new     white prepupae 12hr     white prepupae 24hr     pupae 2d postWPP     pupae 3d postWPP     pupae 4d postWPP     adult male 01day     adult male 05day     adult male 30day     adult female 01day     adult female 05day     adult female 30day     modENCODE Temporal Expression Data (Graveley et al., 2011)
modENCODE Cell Lines RNA-Seq
modENCODE Cell Line Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_cell.A) (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_cell.B)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    2 Schneider line 2 Sg4    3 embryonic 1182-4H    0 embryonic GM2    0 embryonic Kc167    0 embryonic S1    9 embryonic S3    0 leg disc CME L1    0 wing disc CME-W2    5 wing disc ML-DmD8    0 wing disc ML-DmD9    0 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    1 wing disc ML-DmD21    0 wing disc ML-DmD32    0 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    0 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    0 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    1 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    1 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    1 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    4 tumorous blood cells mbn2    22 ovary fGS/OSS    0 ovary OSC    1 ovary OSS    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    2 Schneider line 2 Sg4    3 embryonic 1182-4H    0 embryonic GM2    0 embryonic Kc167    0 embryonic S1    9 embryonic S3    0 leg disc CME L1    0 wing disc CME-W2    5 wing disc ML-DmD8    0 wing disc ML-DmD9    0 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    1 wing disc ML-DmD21    0 wing disc ML-DmD32    0 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    0 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    0 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    1 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    1 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    1 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    4 tumorous blood cells mbn2    22 ovary fGS/OSS    0 ovary OSC    1 ovary OSS    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    2 Schneider line 2 Sg4    3 embryonic 1182-4H    0 embryonic GM2    0 embryonic Kc167    0 embryonic S1    9 embryonic S3    0 leg disc CME L1    0 wing disc CME-W2    5 wing disc ML-DmD8    0 wing disc ML-DmD9    0 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    1 wing disc ML-DmD21    0 wing disc ML-DmD32    0 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    0 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    0 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    1 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    1 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    1 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    4 tumorous blood cells mbn2    22 ovary fGS/OSS    0 ovary OSC    1 ovary OSS    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    2 Schneider line 2 Sg4    3 embryonic 1182-4H    0 embryonic GM2    0 embryonic Kc167    0 embryonic S1    9 embryonic S3    0 leg disc CME L1    0 wing disc CME-W2    5 wing disc ML-DmD8    0 wing disc ML-DmD9    0 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    1 wing disc ML-DmD21    0 wing disc ML-DmD32    0 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    0 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    0 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    1 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    1 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    1 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    4 tumorous blood cells mbn2    22 ovary fGS/OSS    0 ovary OSC    1 ovary OSS    0 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    2 Schneider line 2 Sg4    3 embryonic 1182-4H    0 embryonic GM2    0 embryonic Kc167    0 embryonic S1    9 embryonic S3    0 leg disc CME L1    0 wing disc CME-W2    5 wing disc ML-DmD8    0 wing disc ML-DmD9    0 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    1 wing disc ML-DmD21    0 wing disc ML-DmD32    0 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    0 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    0 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    1 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    1 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    1 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    4 tumorous blood cells mbn2    22 ovary fGS/OSS    0 ovary OSC    1 ovary OSS    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to Moderate expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    2 Schneider line 2 Sg4    3 embryonic 1182-4H    0 embryonic GM2    0 embryonic Kc167    0 embryonic S1    9 embryonic S3    0 leg disc CME L1    0 wing disc CME-W2    5 wing disc ML-DmD8    0 wing disc ML-DmD9    0 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    1 wing disc ML-DmD21    0 wing disc ML-DmD32    0 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    0 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    0 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    1 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    1 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    1 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    4 tumorous blood cells mbn2    22 ovary fGS/OSS    0 ovary OSC    1 ovary OSS    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    2 Schneider line 2 Sg4    3 embryonic 1182-4H    0 embryonic GM2    0 embryonic Kc167    0 embryonic S1    9 embryonic S3    0 leg disc CME L1    0 wing disc CME-W2    5 wing disc ML-DmD8    0 wing disc ML-DmD9    0 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    1 wing disc ML-DmD21    0 wing disc ML-DmD32    0 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    0 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    0 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    1 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    1 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    1 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    4 tumorous blood cells mbn2    22 ovary fGS/OSS    0 ovary OSC    1 ovary OSS    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    2 Schneider line 2 Sg4    3 embryonic 1182-4H    0 embryonic GM2    0 embryonic Kc167    0 embryonic S1    9 embryonic S3    0 leg disc CME L1    0 wing disc CME-W2    5 wing disc ML-DmD8    0 wing disc ML-DmD9    0 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    1 wing disc ML-DmD21    0 wing disc ML-DmD32    0 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    0 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    0 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    1 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    1 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    1 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    4 tumorous blood cells mbn2    22 ovary fGS/OSS    0 ovary OSC    1 ovary OSS    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+     Schneider line 2 Sg4     embryonic 1182-4H     embryonic GM2     embryonic Kc167     embryonic S1     embryonic S3     leg disc CME L1     wing disc CME-W2     wing disc ML-DmD8     wing disc ML-DmD9     wing disc ML-DmD16-c3     wing disc ML-DmD21     wing disc ML-DmD32     haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3     eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11     antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5     mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1     CNS ML-DmBG1-c1     CNS ML-DmBG2-c2     tumorous blood cells mbn2     ovary fGS/OSS     ovary OSC     ovary OSS
modENCODE Treatments RNA-Seq
modENCODE Treatment Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_treatments)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    2 cold shock, 4-day adult    1 heat shock, 4-day adult    4 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    2 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    2 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    0 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    2 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    4 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    0 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    32 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    20 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    6 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    0 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    0 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    0 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    15 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    4 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    2 cold shock, 4-day adult    1 heat shock, 4-day adult    4 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    2 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    2 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    0 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    2 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    4 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    0 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3  (32) Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    20 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    6 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    0 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    0 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    0 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    15 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    4 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    2 cold shock, 4-day adult    1 heat shock, 4-day adult    4 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    2 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    2 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    0 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    2 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    4 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    0 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    32 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    20 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    6 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    0 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    0 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    0 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    15 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    4 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    2 cold shock, 4-day adult    1 heat shock, 4-day adult    4 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    2 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    2 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    0 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    2 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    4 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    0 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    32 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    20 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    6 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    0 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    0 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    0 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    15 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    4 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    2 cold shock, 4-day adult    1 heat shock, 4-day adult    4 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    2 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    2 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    0 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    2 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    4 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    0 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    32 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    20 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    6 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    0 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    0 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    0 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    15 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    4 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to Moderate expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    2 cold shock, 4-day adult    1 heat shock, 4-day adult    4 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    2 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    2 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    0 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    2 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    4 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    0 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3  32 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    20 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    6 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    0 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    0 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    0 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    15 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    4 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    2 cold shock, 4-day adult    1 heat shock, 4-day adult    4 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    2 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    2 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    0 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    2 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    4 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    0 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    32 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    20 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    6 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    0 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    0 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    0 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    15 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    4 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    2 cold shock, 4-day adult    1 heat shock, 4-day adult    4 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    2 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    2 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    0 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    2 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    4 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    0 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    32 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    20 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    6 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    0 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    0 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    0 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    15 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    4 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult     cold shock, 4-day adult     heat shock, 4-day adult     Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3     Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3     Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3     Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3     Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3     Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3     Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3     Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3     Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3     Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3
Expression Clusters
	A cluster of genes with similar mRNA expression dynamics across development. (Graveley et al., 2011) mE1_20_mRNA_expression_cluster_08
External Data & Images
Linkouts	FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies • FBgn0000278 FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array • CG1878-RA
Alleles & Phenotypes
Summary of Allele Phenotypes
Lethality Allele viable, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237 CecBGD3967 Phenotype manifest in Allele
Classical Alleles ( 1 )
For All Classical Alleles Show
Allele of CecB Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion CecBB193 1 --
Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs ( 2 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Allele of CecB Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion CecBGD3967 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 1 Yes CecBKK111850 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 1 Yes
Aneuploid Aberrations
Disrupted in	Df(3R)R113 (Clark and Wang, 1997)
Transgenic Constructs & Insertions
Transgenic Constructs
	Type of construct Name Expression data UAS construct P{GD3967} NA P{KK111850} NA
Insertions
	Type of insertions Name Expression data miscellaneous insertions PBac{5HPw+}CecBB193 NA
Gene Ontology: Function, Process & Cellular Component ( 10 unique terms )
	There is no information supporting a molecular function term for this gene. (Based on a review of available data on: 2006-10-26)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence ( 8 terms )
Molecular Function ( 0 terms)
Biological Process
CV term Evidence References
antibacterial humoral response inferred from direct assay (Samakovlis et al., 1990) inferred from expression pattern AND inferred from sequence or structural similarity (Kylsten et al., 1990) autophagic cell death inferred from expression pattern (Gorski et al., 2003) defense response to Gram-negative bacterium inferred from direct assay (assigned by UniProtKB) (Samakovlis et al., 1990) defense response to Gram-positive bacterium inferred from direct assay (assigned by UniProtKB) (Samakovlis et al., 1990) inferred from expression pattern (Gordon et al., 2008) humoral immune response inferred from expression pattern (Verleyen et al., 2006) salivary gland cell autophagic cell death inferred from expression pattern (Gorski et al., 2003)
Cellular Component
CV term Evidence References
extracellular region inferred from direct assay (assigned by UniProtKB) (Samakovlis et al., 1990) extracellular space inferred from direct assay (Liu et al., 2006, Verleyen et al., 2006)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions ( 5 terms )
Molecular Function ( 0 terms)
Biological Process
CV term Evidence References
antibacterial humoral response non-traceable author statement (Swiss-Prot Project Members, 1990.4.1) defense response to bacterium inferred from sequence or structural similarity (Kylsten et al., 1990) non-traceable author statement (Lemaitre, 2000.12.20) traceable author statement (Meister et al., 2000) defense response to fungus non-traceable author statement (Lemaitre, 2000.12.20) defense response to Gram-negative bacterium non-traceable author statement (Swiss-Prot Project Members, 1990.4.1) defense response to Gram-positive bacterium non-traceable author statement (Swiss-Prot Project Members, 1990.4.1)
Cellular Component ( 0 terms)
Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene
	nuclear_gene   protein_coding_gene
Interactions & Pathways
Summary of Physical Interactions
Summary of Genetic Interactions
Interacts with	Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions CecB allele Gene References
External Data
Linkouts	DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions. • FBgn0000278 InterologFinder Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets. • 43598
Orthologs
OrthoDB Orthologs (11) - based on analysis using Dmel annotation version 5.41
OrthoDB Ortholog Groups
	OrthoDB orthology group searches (Waterhouse et al., 2011, Nucleic Acids Res. 39(Database issue): D283--D288) Drosophila inclusive ortholog search EOG644M67 Dipteran inclusive ortholog search EOG60S0RF Insect inclusive ortholog search No orthologs identified Arthropod inclusive ortholog search No orthologs identified Metazoa inclusive ortholog search No orthologs identified
Orthologs in Drosophila Species (EOG644M67)
Organism Common Name Gene AAA Syntenic Ortholog Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly  Dmel\CecB     Drosophila simulans   Dsim\CecB Y   Drosophila sechellia   Dsec\CecB Y   Drosophila erecta   Dere\GG11950 Y   Drosophila yakuba   Dyak\GE23398     Drosophila ananassae   Dana\GF16190 Y   Drosophila willistoni   Dwil\GK14122
Orthologs in non-Drosophila Dipterans (EOG60S0RF)
Organism Common Name Gene Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Aedes aegypti Yellow fever mosquito  Aaeg\AAEL004223 Y Anopheles gambiae Malaria mosquito  Agam\CecC Y Anopheles gambiae Malaria mosquito  Agam\CecA Y Culex quinquefasciatus Southern house mosquito  Cqui\CPIJ010701 Y
Orthologs in non-Dipteran Insects (None identified)
No non-Dipteran orthologies identified
Orthologs in non-Insect Arthropods (None identified)
No non-Insect Arthropod orthologies identified
Orthologs in non-Arthropod Metazoa (None identified)
No non-Arthropod Metazoa orthologies identified
Human Orthologs (0)
Gene OMIM HGNC
AAA Orthologs (5) based on analysis using Dmel annotation version 4.3
Organism Gene Drosophila simulans Dsim\CecB Drosophila sechellia Dsec\CecB Drosophila erecta Dere\GG11950 Drosophila yakuba Dyak\GE10866 Drosophila ananassae Dana\GF16190
Stocks & Reagents
Stocks Listed in FlyBase ( 3 )
Bloomington	16163 y1 w1118; PBac{5HPw+}CecBB193
VDRC	v103148 P{KK111850}VIE-260B v9718 w1118; P{GD3967}v9718
Genomic Clones ( 1 )
	BACR05L15 Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete
cDNA Clones ( 153 )
	Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see GBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.
cDNA Clones, Fully Sequenced
BDGP DGC clones
Other clones	MIP29670
cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
BDGP DGC clones
Other clones	287583 293853 473633 473675 475334 522112 522396 522538 522621 522868 522940 523119 523188 523215 523426 523651 523926 523965 524068 524177 524313 524319 524327 524647 524782 524847 524922 524931 524963 525467 525588 525623 525638 525773 525776 527817 528020 528101 528327 533441 533453 542510 542555 542640 542825 542883 542892 557039 557758 557796 557837 557893 557926 557967 558050 558119 558139 561950 562177 562252 569199 569687 569769 571151 571392 571405 572794 572827 572940 572951 575637 576492 576519 EN00410 EN00510 EN00717 EN01364 EN01806 EN01941 EN02327 EN02455 EN02860 EN02932 EN03057 EN03445 EN03561 EN03637 EN03910 EN04035 EN04309 EN04441 EN04523 EN04711 EN04916 EN05142 EN05149 EN05157 EN05405 EN05625 EN05922 EN06032 EN06158 EN06248 EN06552 EN06749 EN06828 EN06843 EN07714 EN07718 EN08240 EN08532 EN09003 EN09452 EN09525 EN09542 EN10301 EN10750 EN10840 EN11425 EN11536 EN11546 EN11758 EN11919 EN12007 EN12119 EN12336 EN12423 EN12510 EN12618 EN12651 EN12734 EN12910 EN13029 EN13052 EN13434 EN13848 EN14729 EN15201 EN15411 EN15554 EN16602 EN16753 EN16813 EN17005 EN17059 EN17141 EN17209 EN17450 EN17542 EN17554 EN17754 EN17835
RNAi & Array Information
Linkouts	DRSC - Results from RNAi screens. • FBgn0000278 GenomeRNAi - GenomeRNAi – A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents • 43598
Antibody Information
Other Information
Discoverer
Etymology
Identification
Relationship to Other Genes
Source for database identity of	Source for identity of: CecB CG1878 (Ye, 1999.11)
Source for database merge of
Additional comments
Other Comments
	Identified as a gene with significant level of mRNA cycling as assessed by expression analysis using high density oligonucleotide arrays with probe generated from adult heads harvested over six time points over the course of a day. Shows alteration in expression in a Clk mutant background. (McDonald and Rosbash, 2001) One of four structural genes for four very similar cecropin proteins (cecropin A1, A2, B and C), bacteriocidal proteins that are induced in adults in response to bacterial infection. All cecropin genes are coordinately induced by injection of bacteria, although the B gene is expressed at a much lower level. Cecropins also induced by ingested bacteria. (Lindsley and Zimm, 1992) Cell line from l(2)mbn strain responds to bacterial lipopolysaccharide and bacterial flagellin by strong transcriptional response of CecA1 and CecB. (Samakovlis et al., 1992) The Cec gene region contains three genes: CecA1, CecA2 and CecB. Cecropins are antibacterial peptides: transcripts appear within one hour after bacteria has been injected in to the haemocoel. (Kylsten et al., 1990) CecB is preferentially active in the early pupae. (Samakovlis et al., 1990)
External Crossreferences & Linkouts
Sequence Crossreferences
	RefSeq (Transcripts) • NM_079851 RefSeq (Proteins) • NP_524590 DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank • AAB82491 AAB82492 AAB82493 AAB82494 AAB82495 AAB82496 AAB82497 AAB82498 AAB82499 AAB82500 AAB82501 AAB82502 AAF57027 AAF57027.1 AB010791 AB010792 AB010793 AB010794 AB010795 AB010796 AF018994 AF018995 AF018996 AF018997 AF018998 AF018999 AF019000 AF019001 AF019002 AF019003 AF019004 AF019005 BAA28722 BAA28726 BAA28729 BAA28733 BAA28735 BAA28739 CAA34845 CAA76429 CAA76435 CAA76441 CAA76447 CAA76453 CAA76459 CAA76465 CAA76471 CAA76481 X16972 Y16852 Y16853 Y16854 Y16855 Y16856 Y16857 Y16858 Y16859 Y16861 Entrez Gene - A searchable database of RefSeq genes. • 43598 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot • P14956 UniProtKB/TrEMBL • Q6LAH5
Other Crossreferences
	InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites • Cecropin (IPR000875) Cecropin, diptera (IPR020400)
Linkouts
	DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions. • FBgn0000278 DRSC - Results from RNAi screens. • FBgn0000278 FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies • FBgn0000278 FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array • CG1878-RA FlyMine - Integrated genomics database for Drosophila, Anopheles, and C.elegans • FBgn0000278 GenomeRNAi - GenomeRNAi – A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents • 43598 InterologFinder Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets. • 43598 modMine - Data generated by the modENCODE project. • FBgn0000278
Synonyms & Secondary IDs ( 15 )
Reported As
Symbol Synonym	Cec (Gottar et al., 2002, Engstrom et al., 2001, Ryu et al., 2008, Ren et al., 2007) cec (Comeron and Kreitman, 2000, Abdelsadik and Roeder, 2010) CecB (Waterhouse et al., 2007, Sackton and Clark, 2009, Chen et al., 2010, Kwon et al., 2008, Gilchrist et al., 2008, Dworkin et al., 2009, Sackton et al., 2007, Curtis et al., 2007, Gordon et al., 2008, Rehwinkel et al., 2004) cecB (McDonald and Rosbash, 2001, Lemaitre, 2000.12.20, Fedorka et al., 2007, Lawniczak and Begun, 2004) Cec B (An et al., 2012) cedcB (Zsindely et al., 2009) CG1878 (Pal et al., 2007, Irving et al., 2001, De Gregorio et al., 2001, Valanne et al., 2007, Liu et al., 2006, Winterhalter and Fedorka, 2009, Keleman et al., 2009.8.5, Verleyen et al., 2006, FlyBase Curators, 2002-, Hernandez-Romano et al., 2008) crpB (Winterhalter and Fedorka, 2009, Marshall and Sinclair, 2010) unnamed (Kylsten, 1990.11.20)
Name Synonym	Cecropin (Steiner, 2004, Brennan and Anderson, 2004, Kurz and Ewbank, 2003, Pletcher et al., 2002, Wiklund et al., 2002, Kimbrell and Beutler, 2001, Rutschmann et al., 2000, Barillas-Mury et al., 2000, Martin-Blanco, 2000, Govind, 1999, Han et al., 1998, Mathey-Prevot and Perrimon, 1998, Roos et al., 1997, Ryu et al., 2008, Moule et al., 2010, Ligoxygakis et al., 2002, Costa et al., 2009, Zhao et al., 2010) cecropin (Leclerc and Reichhart, 2004, Delaney and Anderson, 2002, Delaney and Anderson, 2001, Ando et al., 1999, Hoffmann et al., 1999, Meng et al., 1999, Hoffmann, 1997, Zelinger and Heifetz, 2006, Zhou et al., 2005, Persson et al., 2007, Marshall and Sinclair, 2010) Cecropin B (Pal et al., 2007, Kleino et al., 2008, Zeitouni et al., 2007, Ragab et al., 2011, Flatt et al., 2008, Verleyen et al., 2006, Longworth et al., 2012, Gordon et al., 2008, An et al., 2012, Felix et al., 2012) cecropin B (Meister et al., 2000, Date, 1998.1.27, Date, 1998.1.27, Date, 1998.1.27, Date, 1998.1.27, Date, 1998.1.27, Date, 1998.1.27) Cecropin-B precursor (Hernandez-Romano et al., 2008) cercropin B (Fedorka et al., 2007)
Secondary FlyBase IDs
References ( 120 )
Generate a list of	All references relating to this gene ( 120 )
List References by type	Research paper  ( 66 ) Supplementary material  ( 3 ) Review  ( 20 ) Personal communication to FlyBase  ( 4 ) Abstract  ( 10 ) FlyBase analysis  ( 2 ) DNA/RNA sequence record  ( 9 ) Curated genome annotation  ( 3 ) Book  ( 1 ) Protein sequence record  ( 1 )
Recent research papers ( 6 )
	An et al., 2012, PLoS ONE 7(3): e34510 Insect Neuropeptide Bursicon Homodimers Induce Innate Immune and Stress Genes during Molting by Activating the NF-κB Transcription Factor Relish. [FBrf0217909] Felix et al., 2012, Genetics 191(3): 989--1002 Age-Specific Variation in Immune Response in Drosophila melanogaster Has a Genetic Basis. [FBrf0218944] Gilchrist et al., 2012, Genes Dev. 26(9): 933--944 Regulating the regulators: the pervasive effects of Pol II pausing on stimulus-responsive gene networks. [FBrf0218258] Longworth et al., 2012, PLoS Genet. 8(4): e1002618 A Shared Role for RBF1 and dCAP-D3 in the Regulation of Transcription with Consequences for Innate Immunity. [FBrf0218058] Rancès et al., 2012, PLoS Pathog. 8(2): e1002548 The relative importance of innate immune priming in wolbachia-mediated dengue interference. [FBrf0217657] Ragab et al., 2011, EMBO J. 30(6): 1123--1136 Drosophila Ras/MAPK signalling regulates innate immune responses in immune and intestinal stem cells. [FBrf0213275] Show all research papers ...
Recent reviews (0)
	All reviews listed in FlyBase were published before 2011 Show reviews ...