Gene Dmel\cn

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General Information

Symbol

Dmel\cn

Species

D. melanogaster

Name

cinnabar

Annotation symbol

CG1555

Feature type

protein_coding_gene

FlyBase ID

FBgn0000337

Created / Updated

2003-12-02/2003-12-02

Genomic Location

Chromosome (arm)

Recombination map

2-57.5

Cytogenetic map

43E16-43E16

Sequence location

2R:3,670,302..3,672,711 [-]

Map ( GBrowse )

Summary Information

Automatically generated summary

See sections below for more information

The gene cinnabar is referred to in FlyBase by the symbol cn (CG1555, FBgn0000337). It has the cytological map location 43E16. Its sequence location is 2R:3670302..3672711. Its molecular function is described as: kynurenine 3-monooxygenase activity; electron carrier activity; FAD binding. It is involved in the biological processes: ommochrome biosynthetic process; eye pigment biosynthetic process; compound eye pigmentation; tryptophan catabolic process; tRNA processing. 223 alleles are reported. The phenotypes of these alleles are annotated with: ocellus; pigment cell; ocellus pigment granule; Malpighian tubule. It has one annotated transcript and one annotated polypeptide.

Phenotypic Description from the Red Book (Lindsley & Zimm 1992)

Gene/Allele symbols may differ from current usage

cn: cinnabar

Eye color bright red, like v or st. Ocelli colorless. Eye color darkens with age, but ocelli remain colorless. Larval Malpighian tubes pale yellow (Beadle, 1937, Genetics 22: 587-611). cn defective in ommochrome synthesis; blocks conversion of kynurenine to 3-hydroxykynurenine, which has been identified as the cn+ hormone (Butenandt, Weidel, and Schlossberger, 1949, Z. Naturforsch. 4b: 242-44). cn homozygotes devoid of kynurenine 3-hydroxylase activity (Ghosh and Forrest, 1967, Genetics 55: 423-31). Enzyme activity proportional to the number of doses of cn+; cn+ therefore concluded to be the structural gene for kynurenine 3-hydroxylase (EC 1.14.13.9) (Sullivan, Kitos, and Sullivan, 1973, Genetics 75: 651-61). Also cn defective in the uptake of kynurenine by eye discs and Malpighian tubules, where it is normally converted to 3-hydroxykynurenine (Sullivan, Grillo, Kitos, 1974, J. Exp. Zool. 188: 225-34). Nonautonomous in development of pigment of transplanted eye disks (Beadle and Ephrussi, 1936, Genetics 21: 230); however, ethyl methanesulfonate-induced mutants recovered as mosaics in homozygous red background (Paton and Sullivan, 1978, Biochem. Genet. 16: 855-65); furthermore, even though st has no detectable 3-hydroxykynurenine, it is able to rescue cn in transplants (Phillips, Simmons, and Bowman, 1970, Biochem. Genet. 4: 481-87). Enzyme activity developmentally regulated with a peak of activity in early third instar and a five-fold higher peak in the second half of pupal development (Sullivan et al.). Heterozygotes in all pairwise combinations of 13 ethyl methanesulfonate-induced alleles exhibit mutant phenotype (Paton and Sullivan, 1978). RK1.

cnrbr

An unstable amorphic allele that reverts with frequency of 3 x 10-3 (Valade del Rio, 1974, DIS 51: 22); also induces reversions of cn1 and cn2 alleles on homologous chromosome in heterozygotes; some of the revertants themselves mutate back to cnrbr (Valade del Rio, 1982, Experientia 38: 790-92).

Detailed Mapping Data

FlyBase Computed Cytological Location

Cytogenetic map

Evidence for location

43E16-43E16

Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{PZ}l(2)08492⁰⁸⁴⁹² and P{EP}CanB2^EP774

Experimentally Determined Cytological Location

Cytogenetic map

Notes

References

43E6-43E8

(determined by in situ hybridisation)

(Howells, 1989)

Experimentally Determined Recombination Data

Location

2-57.5

(Buzzati-Traverso, 1947)

Left of (cM)

(Kornberg, 1981)

Tyr2

(Homyk and Pye, 1989)

Right of (cM)

(Ashburner et al., 1981)

(Ganetzky, 1977)

Notes

Molecular Map Data

Gene Order (in direction of increasing cytology)

References

Gene Order (overall orientation not stated)

References

Overall orientation not stated: CanB2- cn+

(Warren et al., 1996, Warren, 1996.4.23)

Overall orientation not stated: cn- CanB2+ Gapdh1- mus205+

(Eeken et al., 2001)

Gene Model & Products

Please see the GBrowse view of Dmel\cn for information on other features

Comments on Gene Model

Known mutation in sequenced strain

EST data suggest additional 5' exon(s)

Transcript Data

Annotated Transcripts

Name

FlyBase ID

RefSeq ID

Length (nt)

Associated CDS (aa)

cn-RA

FBtr0088931

NM_078927

1929

524

Additional Transcript Data & Comments

Reported size (kB)

2.2, 1.8 (northern blot)

(Warren et al., 1996)

Comments

External Data

Crossreferences

Polypeptide Data

Annotated Polypeptides

Name

FlyBase ID

Predicted MW (kD)

Length (aa)

Theoretical pI

RefSeq ID

GenBank protein

cn-PA

FBpp0088005

59.4

524

8.69

NP_523651

AAF59196

Additional Polypeptide Data & Comments

Reported size (kD)

524 (aa)

(Warren et al., 1996)

Comments

External Data

Linkouts

PANTHER - Protein classification by function, families, and pathways

•

FBgn0000337

Crossreferences

InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites

•

Pyridine nucleotide-disulphide oxidoreductase, class I (IPR001100)

Glucose-inhibited division protein A (IPR002218)

Aromatic-ring hydroxylase (IPR003042)

Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model

DDBJ /
EMBL /
GenBank

DNA sequence

Protein sequence

Name

Maps to

Does NOT map to

Identified with

RE32663

(BDGP Project Members, 2000-)

Mapped Features & Mutations

Please see GBrowse or insertion reports for information on insertions of transgenic constructs and features not listed here

Type

Symbol & Location

Additional Notes

References

External Data

Linkouts

Crossreferences

Expression Data

FlyBase-Curated Data

Transcript and
Protein data

Please see the FlyBase Gene Expression Report for details of gene expression from the literature.

Summary of Transcript Expression

Stage

Tissue/Position

Reference

larval stage-pupal stage

(Warren et al., 1996)

Marker for

Subcellular Localization

CV Term

Summary of Polypeptide Expression

Stage

Tissue/Position

Reference

Marker for

Subcellular Localization

CV Term

External Data & Images

Linkouts

FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies

•

FBgn0000337

FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array

•

FBgn0000337

GEO (NCBI) - Gene expression data: microarray and other high-throughput technologies

•

FBgn0000337

BDGP expression data

•

Show all BDGP original images, annotations and embryonic microarray data for cn

FlyExpress - Embryonic expression images (BDGP data)

•

Show all FlyExpress processed images for cn

Stage(s) 11-12

Stage(s) 13-16

Alleles & Phenotypes

Summary of Allele Phenotypes

Other Phenotypes

Allele

visible

cn^35k

visible | recessive

cn^unspecified

eye color defective

eye color defective | recessive

Sterility

Allele

female sterile

female sterile | recessive

cn^s

male sterile

Phenotype manifest in

Allele

ocellus

pigment cell

ocellus pigment granule

Malpighian tubule

cn²

Classical Alleles ( 221 )

For All Classical Alleles Show

Allele of cn	Class	Mutagen	Stocks	Known lesion
cn^+c			0	--
cn^+e			0	--
cn^10P		ethyl methanesulfonate	0	--
cn^11P		ethyl methanesulfonate	0	--
cn^12P	hypomorph	ethyl methanesulfonate	0	--
cn^13P		ethyl methanesulfonate	0	--
cn^14P		ethyl methanesulfonate	0	--
cn^15P		ethyl methanesulfonate	0	--
cn^16P		ethyl methanesulfonate	0	--
cn^17P		ethyl methanesulfonate	0	--
cn^18P		ethyl methanesulfonate	0	--
cn^19P		ethyl methanesulfonate	0	--
cn¹		spontaneous	1587	Yes
cn^20P		ethyl methanesulfonate	0	--
cn^21P		ethyl methanesulfonate	0	--
cn^22P		ethyl methanesulfonate	0	--
cn^23P		ethyl methanesulfonate	0	--
cn^24P		ethyl methanesulfonate	0	--
cn^25P		ethyl methanesulfonate	0	--
cn^26P		ethyl methanesulfonate	0	--
cn^27P		ethyl methanesulfonate	0	--
cn^28P		ethyl methanesulfonate	0	--
cn^29P		ethyl methanesulfonate	0	--
cn²	hypomorph	spontaneous	284	Yes
cn^2P	amorph	ethyl methanesulfonate	6	--
cn^30P		ethyl methanesulfonate	0	--
cn^31P	amorph	ethyl methanesulfonate	0	--
cn^35k	hypomorph	spontaneous	3	Yes
cn^36c			0	--
cn^38j	hypomorph		0	--
cn³	amorph		2	Yes
cn^45j		natural population	0	--
cn⁴	amorph		3	Yes
cn^4P		ethyl methanesulfonate	0	--
cn^57e		spontaneous	0	--
cn^5P		ethyl methanesulfonate	0	--
cn^67d		γ ray irradiation spontaneous	0	--
cn^6P		ethyl methanesulfonate	0	--
cn^72a2		γ ray	0	--
cn^74b1		γ ray irradiation spontaneous	0	--
cn^74b2		γ ray irradiation spontaneous	0	--
cn^74b3		γ ray irradiation spontaneous	0	--
cn^74b4		caffeine γ ray irradiation spontaneous	0	--
cn^74c2		caffeine γ ray	0	--
cn^74c5		caffeine γ ray irradiation spontaneous	0	--
cn^74c7		caffeine γ ray irradiation spontaneous	0	--
cn^74c8		caffeine γ ray irradiation spontaneous	0	--
cn^74c9		γ ray irradiation spontaneous	0	--
cn^74d1		caffeine γ ray irradiation spontaneous	0	--
cn^74d4		caffeine γ ray irradiation spontaneous	0	--
cn^74d5		caffeine γ ray irradiation spontaneous	0	--
cn^74d7		caffeine γ ray irradiation spontaneous	0	--
cn^74d8		caffeine γ ray irradiation spontaneous	0	--
cn^75a2		γ ray	0	--
cn^76b		caffeine γ ray irradiation spontaneous	0	--
cn^76e2		γ ray irradiation spontaneous	0	--
cn⁷⁶ⁱ		actinomycin D γ ray irradiation spontaneous	0	--
cn^76k1		actinomycin D γ ray irradiation spontaneous	0	--
cn^76k2		actinomycin D γ ray irradiation spontaneous	0	--
cn^77a10		actinomycin D γ ray irradiation spontaneous	0	--
cn^77a2		actinomycin D γ ray irradiation spontaneous	0	--
cn^77a3		actinomycin D γ ray irradiation spontaneous	0	--
cn^77a4		actinomycin D γ ray	0	--
cn^77a9		actinomycin D γ ray irradiation spontaneous	0	--
cn^77c2		γ ray irradiation spontaneous	0	--
cn⁷⁸	amorph	spontaneous	0	--
cn^78a		γ ray irradiation spontaneous	0	--
cn^78b1		γ ray irradiation spontaneous	0	--
cn^78f		γ ray irradiation spontaneous	0	--
cn^78g		sodium fluoride γ ray irradiation spontaneous	0	--
cn^78j2		γ ray irradiation spontaneous	0	--
cn^78k1		sodium fluoride γ ray irradiation spontaneous	0	--
cn^78l		γ ray irradiation spontaneous	0	--
cn^79b10		neutrons irradiation spontaneous	0	--
cn^79b11		irradiation spontaneous	0	--
cn^79b15		neutrons