FB2022_02, released March 29, 2022

Gene: Dmel\Cp36

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General Information
Symbol
Dmel\Cp36
Species
D. melanogaster
Name
Chorion protein 36
Annotation Symbol
CG1478
Feature Type
protein_coding_gene
FlyBase ID
FBgn0000359
Gene Model Status
Current
Stock Availability
6 publicly available
Gene Summary
Chorion protein 36 (Cp36) encodes an abundant structural protein of the eggshell whose expression is enhanced by gene amplification in ovarian follicle cells. It is essential for fertility and for endochorion integrity. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-07] (FlyBase Gene Snapshot)
All Summaries
Also Known As

s36, dec2, fs(1)C2, dec-2

Key Links
Genomic Location
Cytogenetic map
7F1-7F1
Sequence location
Recombination map
1-23
RefSeq locus
NC_004354 REGION:8479319..8480523
Sequence
Get Decorated FASTA
Genomic Maps
Other Genome Views
The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.
NCBI
UCSC
Ensembl
PopFly
Function
GO Summary Ribbons
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (4 terms)
Molecular Function (1 term)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
enables structural constituent of egg chorion
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Cernilogar et al., 2001)
inferred from direct assay
(Velentzas et al., 2016)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (0 terms)
Biological Process (2 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in eggshell chorion assembly
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Velentzas et al., 2016, Cernilogar et al., 2001)
involved_in vitelline membrane formation involved in chorion-containing eggshell formation
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Cernilogar et al., 2001)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (0 terms)
Cellular Component (1 term)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
located_in egg chorion
inferred from direct assay
(Velentzas et al., 2016)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (0 terms)
Gene Group (FlyBase)
Protein Family (UniProt)
Belongs to the chorion protein S36 family. (P07182)
Protein Signatures (InterPro)
Summaries
Gene Snapshot
Chorion protein 36 (Cp36) encodes an abundant structural protein of the eggshell whose expression is enhanced by gene amplification in ovarian follicle cells. It is essential for fertility and for endochorion integrity. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-07]
Gene Group (FlyBase)
CHORION PROTEINS -
Chorion proteins (Cp) are encoded by gene clusters on the X and 3rd chromosome that undergo selective gene application in ovarian follicle cells during oogenesis. The Cp genes encode the major structural components of the eggshell chorion. (Adapted from FBrf0046094, FBrf0053248 and FBrf0227210.)
Protein Function (UniProtKB)
Chorion membrane (egg shell) protein; plays a role in protecting the egg from the environment.
(UniProt, P07182)
Phenotypic Description (Red Book; Lindsley and Zimm 1992)
Cp36
The structural gene for s36-1, a 36,000-dalton chorion protein. Synthesis primarily during stages 12 and 13 (Waring and Mahowald, 1979, Cell 16: 599-607) and during stages 11 and 12 (Petri, Wyman, and Kafatos, 1976, Dev. Biol. 49: 185-99). Approximately 1,000 daltons cleaved from primary translation product to yield mature protein (Spradling et al., 1980). Temporal and spatial distribution of expression described by Park and Spradling (1987, Genes Dev. 1: 497-509).
dec-2
Homozygous females rarely ovoposit. Eggs have thin chorion with thin respiratory appendages.
Gene Model and Products
Number of Transcripts
1
Number of Unique Polypeptides
1

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\Cp36 for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)
Isoform displayed:
Pfam protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Protein Domains (via SMART)
Isoform displayed:
SMART protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Structure New Section
Protein 3D structure   (Predicted by AlphaFold)   (AlphaFold entry P07182)

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Model Confidence:
  • Very high (pLDDT > 90)
  • Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
  • Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
  • Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Comments on Gene Model

Gene model reviewed during 5.45

Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene
nuclear_gene
protein_coding_gene
Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name
FlyBase ID
RefSeq ID
Length (nt)
Assoc. CDS (aa)
Cp36-RA
FBtr0071203
NM_078532
1116
284
Additional Transcript Data and Comments
Reported size (kB)

1.2 (northern blot)

(Parks et al., 1986)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name
FlyBase ID
Predicted MW (kDa)
Length (aa)
Theoretical pI
RefSeq ID
GenBank
Cp36-PA
FBpp0071150
29.9
284
9.01
NP_511087
AAF46382
Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

There is only one protein coding transcript and one polypeptide associated with this gene

Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments
Reported size (kDa)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
Linkouts
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\Cp36 using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data
Crossreferences
Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
Linkouts
Expression Data
Expression Summary Ribbons
Colored tiles in ribbon indicate that expression data has been curated by FlyBase for that anatomical location. Colorless tiles indicate that there is no curated data for that location.
For complete stage-specific expression data, view the modENCODE Development RNA-Seq section under High-Throughput Expression below.
Transcript Expression
in situ
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
oogenesis stage S10B -- S11 & adult stage | female
floor cell
(Niepielko et al., 2014)
roof cell
(Niepielko et al., 2014)
oogenesis stage S11 & adult stage | female
main body follicle cell | posterior
(Niepielko et al., 2014)
oogenesis stage S11 -- S12 & adult stage | female
main body follicle cell | anterior | dorsal
(Niepielko et al., 2014)
main body follicle cell | anterior | ventral
(Niepielko et al., 2014)
oogenesis stage S12 & adult stage | female
main body follicle cell

Comment: minus midline cells

(Niepielko et al., 2014)
northern blot
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
oogenesis stage S10 -- S14
(Parks et al., 1986)
radioisotope in situ
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
adult stageoogenesis stage S10B -- S14
follicle cell
(Parks and Spradling, 1987)
Additional Descriptive Data

Cp38 and Cp36 are initially expressed in a dorsal subpopulation of stage S10B follicle cells. Later, they are expressed in most follicle cells.

(Parks and Spradling, 1987)

The expression of Cp36 peaks at stages S12-S13 of oogenesis.

(Parks et al., 1986)
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Polypeptide Expression
No Assay Recorded
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
adult stage | female
ovary
(Komitopoulou et al., 1988)
mass spectroscopy
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
adult stage
adult head
(Aradska et al., 2015)
day 7 of adulthood -- day 49 of adulthood
adult heart
(Cammarato et al., 2011)
Additional Descriptive Data

The six major chorion bands are dramatically reduced in follicles of Mcm6K1214, mus101K451 and fs(1)A1059K1 mutants. No reduction of major chorion bands is seen in swa6 although some affects are seen in higher molecular weight components.

(Komitopoulou et al., 1988)
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Evidence
References
located_in egg chorion
inferred from direct assay
(Velentzas et al., 2016)
Expression Deduced from Reporters
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools

GBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\Cp36 in GBrowse 2
RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region
Bulk Downloads
RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes
Reference
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle
Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis
External Data and Images
Linkouts
DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
Images
FlyBase Wiki
Image Based Resources
Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations
Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 4 )
For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show
 
Other relevant insertions
Transgenic Constructs ( 8 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of Cp36
Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of Cp36
Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 5 )
Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants
Phenotypes
Orthologs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Orthologs
Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v8.0)
Homo sapiens (Human) (0)
No records found.
Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v8.0)
Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (0)
No records found.
Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (0)
No records found.
Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (0)
No records found.
Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (0)
No records found.
Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (0)
No records found.
Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (0)
No records found.
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (0)
No records found.
Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (0)
No records found.
Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)
Paralogs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Paralogs
Paralogs (via DIOPT v8.0)
Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (0)
No records found.
Human Disease Associations
FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports
    Disease Model Summary Ribbon
    Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations
    Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 0 )
    Human Ortholog
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Interaction
    References
    Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v8.0 and OMIM)
    Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.
    Homo sapiens (Human)
    Gene name
    Score
    OMIM
    OMIM Phenotype
    DO term
    Complementation?
    Transgene?
    Functional Complementation Data
    Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.
    Interactions
    Summary of Physical Interactions
    esyN Network Diagram
    Interactions Browser
    Summary of Genetic Interactions
    esyN Network Diagram
    Starting gene(s)
    Interaction type
    Interacting gene(s)
    Reference
    Starting gene(s)
    Interaction type
    Interacting gene(s)
    Reference
    External Data
    Linkouts
    BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
    DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
    MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
    Pathways
    Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)
    Metabolic Pathways
    External Data
    Linkouts
    Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data
    Chromosome (arm)
    X
    Recombination map
    1-23
    Cytogenetic map
    7F1-7F1
    Sequence location
    FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
    Cytogenetic map
    Evidence for location
    7F1-7F1
    Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{EP}CG1632EP1583 and P{EP}MoeEP1652
    Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
    Cytogenetic map
    Notes
    References
    7E10-7F4
    (determined by in situ hybridisation)
    (Parks et al., 1986)
    Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
    Location

    1-23

    (FlyBase, 2016)

    1-23.4

    (Comeron et al., 2012)

    1-23.1

    Left of (cM)
    Right of (cM)
    Notes
    Stocks and Reagents
    Stocks (6)
    Genomic Clones (4)
     

    Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete

    cDNA Clones (5)
     

    Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see GBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

    cDNA clones, fully sequenced
    BDGP DGC clones
      Other clones
      Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

      For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

      cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
      BDGP DGC clones
        Other clones
        RNAi and Array Information
        Linkouts
        DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
        GenomeRNAi - A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents
        Antibody Information
        Laboratory Generated Antibodies
         
        Commercially Available Antibodies
         
        Other Information
        Relationship to Other Genes
        Source for database identify of

        Source for identity of: Cp36 CG1478

        (Lai, 1999.11)
        Source for database merge of
        Additional comments
        Other Comments

        In a sample of 79 genes with multiple introns, 33 showed significant heterogeneity in G+C content among introns of the same gene and significant positive correspondence between the intron and the third codon position G+C content within genes. These results are consistent with selection adding against preferred codons at the start of genes.

        (Kliman and Eyre-Walker, 1998)

        Polyclonal antibodies have been used to localise Vm26Aa, Vm26Ab, Cp18 and Cp36 in the assembly and mature eggshell.

        (Pascucci et al., 1996)

        P element constructs carrying Ecol\lacZ and Ecol\CAT reporter genes demonstrate that if the 5' untranslated and coding regions of Cp36 are deleted then normal ovarian expression is maintained but tissue specificity is relaxed.

        (Bienz-Tadmor et al., 1992)

        Ecol\lacZ reporter gene constructs carrying deletions of the Cp36 regulatory area have defined an 84bp proximal regulatory region (PRR) between nucleotides -132 and -49 from the 5' end of Cp36 and a distal regulatory region (DRR) between nucleotides -1213 to -422.

        (Tolias and Kafatos, 1990)

        mus101K451, Mcm6K1214 and fs(1)A1059K1 mutants interfere with the amplification of the major chorion genes Cp15, Cp16, Cp18, Cp19, Cp36 and Cp38.

        (Komitopoulou et al., 1988)

        Transcription termination sites of Cp36 and Cp38 have been mapped using EM analysis. Results demonstrate that Cp36 and Cp38 terminate more closely to the poly(A) addition sites and in a shorter region than many other polyadenylation genes examined to date.

        (Osheim et al., 1986)

        Approximately 1,000 daltons cleaved from primary translation product to yield mature protein.

        (Spradling et al., 1980)

        Cp36 encodes s36-1, a 36,000-dalton chorion protein. Synthesis is primarily during stages 12 and 13 and during stages 11 and 12.

        (Waring and Mahowald, 1979, Petri et al., 1976)
        Origin and Etymology
        Discoverer
        Etymology
        Identification
        External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 27 )
        Sequence Crossreferences
        NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.
        GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.
        GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.
        RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.
        UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.
        UniProt/Swiss-Prot - Manually annotated and reviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
        Other crossreferences
        AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.
        Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones
        DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
        EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
        Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
        FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
        FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
        Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
        GenomeRNAi - A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents
        InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
        KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.
        MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)
        modMine - A data warehouse for the modENCODE project
        Linkouts
        BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
        DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
        DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
        FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel
        FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics
        MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
        Synonyms and Secondary IDs (17)
        Datasets (1)
        Study focus (0)
        Experimental Role
        Project
        Project Type
        Title
        Study result (1)
        Result
        Result Type
        Title
        scRNAseq_2020_Cho_NI120LG_seq_clustering
        Clustering analysis of lymph gland cells from non-infested larvae at 120 h after egg-laying
        References (107)