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Gene Dmel\Pkg21D

General Information
Symbol	Dmel\Pkg21D	Species	D. melanogaster
Name	cGMP-dependent protein kinase 21D	Annotation symbol	CG3324
Feature type	protein_coding_gene	FlyBase ID	FBgn0000442
Gene Model Status	Current	Stock availability	6 publicly available
Also Known As	dg1, PKG
Genomic Location
Chromosome (arm)	2L	Recombination map
Cytogenetic map	21E2-21E2	Sequence location	2L:786,153..790,795 [-]
Genomic Maps Select View:Gene Models/EvidenceExpression/RegulationMegaViewGene Disruptions, Stocks and Reagents modENCODE GBrowse	Decorated FastA GenBankGFF Gene region Extended Gene region CDSIntronsExonsTranslationsTranscripts3' UTR5' UTR
Summary Information
Automatically generated summary See sections below for more information	The gene cGMP-dependent protein kinase 21D is referred to in FlyBase by the symbol Dmel\Pkg21D (CG3324, FBgn0000442). It is a protein_coding_gene from Drosophila melanogaster. There is experimental evidence that it has the molecular function: cGMP-dependent protein kinase activity. There is experimental evidence that it is involved in the biological process: protein phosphorylation. 8 alleles are reported. The phenotype of these alleles is annotated with: mesothoracic tergum. It has one annotated transcript and one annotated polypeptide. Protein features are: AGC-kinase, C-terminal; Cyclic nucleotide-binding domain; Cyclic nucleotide-binding, conserved site; Cyclic nucleotide-binding-like; Protein kinase, ATP binding site; Protein kinase, catalytic domain; Protein kinase-like domain; RmlC-like jelly roll fold; Serine/threonine-protein kinase, active site; Serine/threonine-protein kinase, catalytic domain; Serine/threonine-protein kinase-like domain; cGMP-dependent kinase; cGMP-dependent protein kinase. Summary of modENCODE Temporal Expression Profile: Temporal profile ranges from a peak of moderately high expression to a trough of extremely low expression. Peak expression observed within 18-24 hour embryonic stages. Summary of FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data: Expression at moderate levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: larval/adult hindgut, larval/adult Malpighian tubules. Comments on Affy2 ProbeSet: ProbeSet 1635406_at completely aligns to an exonic region of the only FlyBase-annotated transcript isoform of Pkg21D. Gene sequence location is 2L:786153..790795.
Phenotypic Description from the Red Book (Lindsley & Zimm 1992)
Gene/Allele symbols may differ from current usage	Pkg1 Encodes a product with putative cGMP-dependent binding and kinase domains that is 14% larger than the corresponding mammalian enzyme. It is believed to bind cGMP and to undergo changes enabling its catalytic site to interact with appropriate substrates. This gene is unusually polymorphic in various Drosophila stocks. The role of the gene and its enzyme in the organism as a whole is unknown at present.
Recent Updates
Description	What does this section display? This section contains items that were added to this record for each release. It currently only tracks new links between this FlyBase report and other FlyBase data classes (e.g. genes, references, stocks) or controlled vocabulary terms (e.g. GO, anatomy terms). What does this section not display? This section does not currently display links that were removed or gene model changes.
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FB2012_01	Sequence features HFA00772 BKN32484 BKN50413 BKN50017
FB2011_10
All updates	Click here to see a list of all updates to this record from FB2010_08 and on.
Detailed Mapping Data
FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Evidence for location 21E2-21E2   Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{lacW}l(2)k09610k09610&P{lacW}Sk09538a and P{PZ}l(2)1068510685&P{lacW}Tango14k00619
Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Notes References 21D-21D   (determined by in situ hybridisation)   (Kalderon and Rubin, 1989) 21D-21D   (determined by in situ hybridisation)   (Kalderon and Rubin, 1988)
Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
Location
Left of (cM)
Right of (cM)
Notes
Gene Model & Products
Please see the GBrowse view of Dmel\Pkg21D for information on other features To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form
Comments on Gene Model
Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name FlyBase ID RefSeq ID Length (nt) Associated CDS (aa) Pkg21D-RA FBtr0078042  NM_057865   2580   768
Additional Transcript Data & Comments
Reported size (kB)	2.8 (northern blot) (Kalderon and Rubin, 1989)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name FlyBase ID Predicted MW (kDa) Length (aa) Theoretical pI RefSeq ID GenBank protein Pkg21D-PA   FBpp0077706   86.8   768   6.37     NP_477213   AAF51459
Additional Polypeptide Data & Comments
Reported size (kDa)	768 (aa) (Kalderon and Rubin, 1989)
Comments
External Data
Linkouts
Crossreferences	InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites • Cyclic nucleotide-binding, conserved site (IPR018488) Cyclic nucleotide-binding-like (IPR018490) Cyclic nucleotide-binding domain (IPR000595) Protein kinase, catalytic domain (IPR000719) AGC-kinase, C-terminal (IPR000961) Serine/threonine-protein kinase, catalytic domain (IPR002290) cGMP-dependent kinase (IPR002374) Serine/threonine-protein kinase, active site (IPR008271) Protein kinase-like domain (IPR011009) RmlC-like jelly roll fold (IPR014710) cGMP-dependent protein kinase (IPR016232) Protein kinase, ATP binding site (IPR017441) Serine/threonine-protein kinase-like domain (IPR017442)
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank	DNA sequence Protein sequence Name AE014134 AAF51459   AC004420   AI109125   AI947254   AW940147   AY058288 AAL13517   BE978995   CZ488096   EC050992   EC053500   ES693027   ES693191   ES693228   GH965875   GH979701   M18656   M27113   M27114 AAA28453   U59901 AAB03405   Z50296
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot	Q03042
UniProtKB/TrEMBL
Mapped Features
Mapped Features have been reorganized, please see this article for details. Additional mapped features and mutations can be found on GBrowse or related reports. Type Symbol & Location Additional Notes References
External Data
Linkouts
Crossreferences
Expression Data
Transcript Expression
northern blot Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference embryonic stage -- adult stage     (Kalderon and Rubin, 1989) RT-PCR Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference adult stage   Malpighian tubule   (Ichimiya et al., 2004)
Additional Descriptive Data
	Pkg21D transcripts are found at all stages of development tested on northern blots. They are found preferentially in heads in adults. (Kalderon and Rubin, 1989)
Marker for
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Notes
Polypeptide Expression
enzyme assay or biochemical detection Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference adult stage   head   (Ichimiya et al., 2004) Malpighian tubule   (Ichimiya et al., 2004) epitope tag Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference     • plasma membrane (Ichimiya et al., 2004) Comment:diffusely localized; expression assayed in cultured cells
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Notes
High-Throughput Expression Data
or
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2010.10.13 for analysis details and data files for all genes. modENCODE Temporal Expression Data for FBgn0000442    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales max expr for FBgn0000442 Very low expression bin max Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max Summary of modENCODE Temporal Expression Profile: Temporal profile ranges from a peak of moderately high expression to a trough of extremely low expression. Peak expression observed within 18-24 hour embryonic stages. [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No expression (0 - 0)   Extremely low expression (1 - 10)   Very low expression (11 - 100)   Low expression (101 - 400)   Moderate expression (401 - 1400)   Moderately high expression (1401 - 4000)   High expression (4001 - 10000)   Very high expression (10001 - 100000)   Extremely high expression (100001 - 2000000) Linear, scaled to maximum FBgn0000442 expression level Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    4 embryo 02-04hr    13 embryo 04-06hr    8 embryo 06-08hr    21 embryo 08-10hr    20 embryo 10-12hr    22 embryo 12-14hr    21 embryo 14-16hr    115 embryo 16-18hr    681 embryo 18-20hr    1488 embryo 20-22hr    824 embryo 22-24hr    861 larva L1    845 larva L2    560 larva L3 12hr old    672 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    384 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    295 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    186 white prepupae new    117 white prepupae 12hr    223 white prepupae 24hr    157 pupae 2d postWPP    151 pupae 3d postWPP    255 pupae 4d postWPP    1052 adult male 01day    725 adult male 05day    878 adult male 30day    874 adult female 01day    397 adult female 05day    176 adult female 30day    211 Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to Very low expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    4 embryo 02-04hr    13 embryo 04-06hr    8 embryo 06-08hr    21 embryo 08-10hr    20 embryo 10-12hr    22 embryo 12-14hr    21 embryo 14-16hr  (115) embryo 16-18hr  (681) embryo 18-20hr  (1488) embryo 20-22hr  (824) embryo 22-24hr  (861) larva L1  (845) larva L2  (560) larva L3 12hr old  (672) larva L3 puffstage 1-2  (384) larva L3 puffstage 3-6  (295) larva L3 puffstage 7-9  (186) white prepupae new  (117) white prepupae 12hr  (223) white prepupae 24hr  (157) pupae 2d postWPP  (151) pupae 3d postWPP  (255) pupae 4d postWPP  (1052) adult male 01day  (725) adult male 05day  (878) adult male 30day  (874) adult female 01day  (397) adult female 05day  (176) adult female 30day  (211) Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    4 embryo 02-04hr    13 embryo 04-06hr    8 embryo 06-08hr    21 embryo 08-10hr    20 embryo 10-12hr    22 embryo 12-14hr    21 embryo 14-16hr    115 embryo 16-18hr    681 embryo 18-20hr  1488 embryo 20-22hr    824 embryo 22-24hr    861 larva L1    845 larva L2    560 larva L3 12hr old    672 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    384 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    295 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    186 white prepupae new    117 white prepupae 12hr    223 white prepupae 24hr    157 pupae 2d postWPP    151 pupae 3d postWPP    255 pupae 4d postWPP    1052 adult male 01day    725 adult male 05day    878 adult male 30day    874 adult female 01day    397 adult female 05day    176 adult female 30day    211 Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    4 embryo 02-04hr    13 embryo 04-06hr    8 embryo 06-08hr    21 embryo 08-10hr    20 embryo 10-12hr    22 embryo 12-14hr    21 embryo 14-16hr    115 embryo 16-18hr    681 embryo 18-20hr    1488 embryo 20-22hr    824 embryo 22-24hr    861 larva L1    845 larva L2    560 larva L3 12hr old    672 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    384 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    295 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    186 white prepupae new    117 white prepupae 12hr    223 white prepupae 24hr    157 pupae 2d postWPP    151 pupae 3d postWPP    255 pupae 4d postWPP    1052 adult male 01day    725 adult male 05day    878 adult male 30day    874 adult female 01day    397 adult female 05day    176 adult female 30day    211 Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    4 embryo 02-04hr    13 embryo 04-06hr    8 embryo 06-08hr    21 embryo 08-10hr    20 embryo 10-12hr    22 embryo 12-14hr    21 embryo 14-16hr    115 embryo 16-18hr    681 embryo 18-20hr    1488 embryo 20-22hr    824 embryo 22-24hr    861 larva L1    845 larva L2    560 larva L3 12hr old    672 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    384 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    295 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    186 white prepupae new    117 white prepupae 12hr    223 white prepupae 24hr    157 pupae 2d postWPP    151 pupae 3d postWPP    255 pupae 4d postWPP    1052 adult male 01day    725 adult male 05day    878 adult male 30day    874 adult female 01day    397 adult female 05day    176 adult female 30day    211 Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum FBgn0000442 expression level Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    4 embryo 02-04hr    13 embryo 04-06hr    8 embryo 06-08hr    21 embryo 08-10hr    20 embryo 10-12hr    22 embryo 12-14hr    21 embryo 14-16hr    115 embryo 16-18hr    681 embryo 18-20hr    1488 embryo 20-22hr    824 embryo 22-24hr    861 larva L1    845 larva L2    560 larva L3 12hr old    672 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    384 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    295 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    186 white prepupae new    117 white prepupae 12hr    223 white prepupae 24hr    157 pupae 2d postWPP    151 pupae 3d postWPP    255 pupae 4d postWPP    1052 adult male 01day    725 adult male 05day    878 adult male 30day    874 adult female 01day    397 adult female 05day    176 adult female 30day    211 Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to Very low expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    4 embryo 02-04hr    13 embryo 04-06hr    8 embryo 06-08hr    21 embryo 08-10hr    20 embryo 10-12hr    22 embryo 12-14hr    21 embryo 14-16hr  115 embryo 16-18hr  (681) embryo 18-20hr  (1488) embryo 20-22hr  (824) embryo 22-24hr  (861) larva L1  (845) larva L2  (560) larva L3 12hr old  (672) larva L3 puffstage 1-2  (384) larva L3 puffstage 3-6  (295) larva L3 puffstage 7-9  (186) white prepupae new  117 white prepupae 12hr  (223) white prepupae 24hr  (157) pupae 2d postWPP  (151) pupae 3d postWPP  (255) pupae 4d postWPP  (1052) adult male 01day  (725) adult male 05day  (878) adult male 30day  (874) adult female 01day  (397) adult female 05day  (176) adult female 30day  (211) Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low  log, scaled to Moderate expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    4 embryo 02-04hr    13 embryo 04-06hr    8 embryo 06-08hr    21 embryo 08-10hr    20 embryo 10-12hr    22 embryo 12-14hr    21 embryo 14-16hr    115 embryo 16-18hr    681 embryo 18-20hr  1488 embryo 20-22hr    824 embryo 22-24hr    861 larva L1    845 larva L2    560 larva L3 12hr old    672 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    384 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    295 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    186 white prepupae new    117 white prepupae 12hr    223 white prepupae 24hr    157 pupae 2d postWPP    151 pupae 3d postWPP    255 pupae 4d postWPP    1052 adult male 01day    725 adult male 05day    878 adult male 30day    874 adult female 01day    397 adult female 05day    176 adult female 30day    211 Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    4 embryo 02-04hr    13 embryo 04-06hr    8 embryo 06-08hr    21 embryo 08-10hr    20 embryo 10-12hr    22 embryo 12-14hr    21 embryo 14-16hr    115 embryo 16-18hr    681 embryo 18-20hr    1488 embryo 20-22hr    824 embryo 22-24hr    861 larva L1    845 larva L2    560 larva L3 12hr old    672 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    384 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    295 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    186 white prepupae new    117 white prepupae 12hr    223 white prepupae 24hr    157 pupae 2d postWPP    151 pupae 3d postWPP    255 pupae 4d postWPP    1052 adult male 01day    725 adult male 05day    878 adult male 30day    874 adult female 01day    397 adult female 05day    176 adult female 30day    211 Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    4 embryo 02-04hr    13 embryo 04-06hr    8 embryo 06-08hr    21 embryo 08-10hr    20 embryo 10-12hr    22 embryo 12-14hr    21 embryo 14-16hr    115 embryo 16-18hr    681 embryo 18-20hr    1488 embryo 20-22hr    824 embryo 22-24hr    861 larva L1    845 larva L2    560 larva L3 12hr old    672 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    384 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    295 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    186 white prepupae new    117 white prepupae 12hr    223 white prepupae 24hr    157 pupae 2d postWPP    151 pupae 3d postWPP    255 pupae 4d postWPP    1052 adult male 01day    725 adult male 05day    878 adult male 30day    874 adult female 01day    397 adult female 05day    176 adult female 30day    211 Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr     embryo 02-04hr     embryo 04-06hr     embryo 06-08hr     embryo 08-10hr     embryo 10-12hr     embryo 12-14hr     embryo 14-16hr     embryo 16-18hr     embryo 18-20hr     embryo 20-22hr     embryo 22-24hr     larva L1     larva L2     larva L3 12hr old     larva L3 puffstage 1-2     larva L3 puffstage 3-6     larva L3 puffstage 7-9     white prepupae new     white prepupae 12hr     white prepupae 24hr     pupae 2d postWPP     pupae 3d postWPP     pupae 4d postWPP     adult male 01day     adult male 05day     adult male 30day     adult female 01day     adult female 05day     adult female 30day     FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data for FBgn0000442    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap Back-to-back    Scales max expr for FBgn0000442 Moderate expression bin max High level expression bin max Very high expression bin max Summary of FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data: Expression at moderate levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: larval/adult hindgut, larval/adult Malpighian tubules. [download data (TSV)] Guide to FlyAtlas expression level colors   No expression (0 - 9.999)   Low expression (10 - 99.999)   Moderate expression (100 - 499.999)   High level expression (500 - 999.999)   Very high expression (1000 - 25000) Linear, scaled to maximum FBgn0000442 expression level Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    2.525 Larval Midgut no informative data Larval Hindgut    404.4 Larval Malpighian Tubules    329 Larval Fat Body    1.8 Larval Salivary Gland    1.2 Larval Trachea    0.875 Larval Carcass    5.125 Adult Head no informative data Adult Eye    47.75 Adult Brain    27.6 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    42.8 Adult Crop    2.7 Adult Midgut    7.2 Adult Hindgut    482 Adult Malpighian Tubules    480.1 Adult Fat Body    1.1 Adult Salivary Gland    8.1 Adult Heart    1.1 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    1.7 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    2.4 Adult Ovary    0.7 Adult Testis    1.2 Adult Male Accessory Gland    1.9 Adult Carcass    4.5 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    2.525 Larval Midgut no informative data Larval Hindgut    404.4 Larval Malpighian Tubules    329 Larval Fat Body    1.8 Larval Salivary Gland    1.2 Larval Trachea    0.875 Larval Carcass    5.125 Adult Head no informative data Adult Eye    47.75 Adult Brain    27.6 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    42.8 Adult Crop    2.7 Adult Midgut    7.2 Adult Hindgut    482 Adult Malpighian Tubules    480.1 Adult Fat Body    1.1 Adult Salivary Gland    8.1 Adult Heart    1.1 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    1.7 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    2.4 Adult Ovary    0.7 Adult Testis    1.2 Adult Male Accessory Gland    1.9 Adult Carcass    4.5 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High  Linear, scaled to High level expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    2.525 Larval Midgut no informative data Larval Hindgut    404.4 Larval Malpighian Tubules    329 Larval Fat Body    1.8 Larval Salivary Gland    1.2 Larval Trachea    0.875 Larval Carcass    5.125 Adult Head no informative data Adult Eye    47.75 Adult Brain    27.6 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    42.8 Adult Crop    2.7 Adult Midgut    7.2 Adult Hindgut    482 Adult Malpighian Tubules    480.1 Adult Fat Body    1.1 Adult Salivary Gland    8.1 Adult Heart    1.1 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    1.7 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    2.4 Adult Ovary    0.7 Adult Testis    1.2 Adult Male Accessory Gland    1.9 Adult Carcass    4.5 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Very high expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    2.525 Larval Midgut no informative data Larval Hindgut    404.4 Larval Malpighian Tubules    329 Larval Fat Body    1.8 Larval Salivary Gland    1.2 Larval Trachea    0.875 Larval Carcass    5.125 Adult Head no informative data Adult Eye    47.75 Adult Brain    27.6 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    42.8 Adult Crop    2.7 Adult Midgut    7.2 Adult Hindgut    482 Adult Malpighian Tubules    480.1 Adult Fat Body    1.1 Adult Salivary Gland    8.1 Adult Heart    1.1 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    1.7 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    2.4 Adult Ovary    0.7 Adult Testis    1.2 Adult Male Accessory Gland    1.9 Adult Carcass    4.5 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  log, scaled to maximum FBgn0000442 expression level Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    2.525 Larval Midgut no informative data Larval Hindgut    404.4 Larval Malpighian Tubules    329 Larval Fat Body    1.8 Larval Salivary Gland    1.2 Larval Trachea    0.875 Larval Carcass    5.125 Adult Head no informative data Adult Eye    47.75 Adult Brain    27.6 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    42.8 Adult Crop    2.7 Adult Midgut    7.2 Adult Hindgut    482 Adult Malpighian Tubules    480.1 Adult Fat Body    1.1 Adult Salivary Gland    8.1 Adult Heart    1.1 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    1.7 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    2.4 Adult Ovary    0.7 Adult Testis    1.2 Adult Male Accessory Gland    1.9 Adult Carcass    4.5 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High  log, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    2.525 Larval Midgut no informative data Larval Hindgut    404.4 Larval Malpighian Tubules    329 Larval Fat Body    1.8 Larval Salivary Gland    1.2 Larval Trachea    0.875 Larval Carcass    5.125 Adult Head no informative data Adult Eye    47.75 Adult Brain    27.6 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    42.8 Adult Crop    2.7 Adult Midgut    7.2 Adult Hindgut    482 Adult Malpighian Tubules    480.1 Adult Fat Body    1.1 Adult Salivary Gland    8.1 Adult Heart    1.1 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    1.7 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    2.4 Adult Ovary    0.7 Adult Testis    1.2 Adult Male Accessory Gland    1.9 Adult Carcass    4.5 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High  log, scaled to High level expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    2.525 Larval Midgut no informative data Larval Hindgut    404.4 Larval Malpighian Tubules    329 Larval Fat Body    1.8 Larval Salivary Gland    1.2 Larval Trachea    0.875 Larval Carcass    5.125 Adult Head no informative data Adult Eye    47.75 Adult Brain    27.6 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    42.8 Adult Crop    2.7 Adult Midgut    7.2 Adult Hindgut    482 Adult Malpighian Tubules    480.1 Adult Fat Body    1.1 Adult Salivary Gland    8.1 Adult Heart    1.1 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    1.7 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    2.4 Adult Ovary    0.7 Adult Testis    1.2 Adult Male Accessory Gland    1.9 Adult Carcass    4.5 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  log, scaled to Very high expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    2.525 Larval Midgut no informative data Larval Hindgut    404.4 Larval Malpighian Tubules    329 Larval Fat Body    1.8 Larval Salivary Gland    1.2 Larval Trachea    0.875 Larval Carcass    5.125 Adult Head no informative data Adult Eye    47.75 Adult Brain    27.6 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    42.8 Adult Crop    2.7 Adult Midgut    7.2 Adult Hindgut    482 Adult Malpighian Tubules    480.1 Adult Fat Body    1.1 Adult Salivary Gland    8.1 Adult Heart    1.1 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    1.7 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    2.4 Adult Ovary    0.7 Adult Testis    1.2 Adult Male Accessory Gland    1.9 Adult Carcass    4.5 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  Heatmap Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System     Larval Midgut no informative data Larval Hindgut     Larval Malpighian Tubules     Larval Fat Body     Larval Salivary Gland     Larval Trachea     Larval Carcass     Adult Head no informative data Adult Eye     Adult Brain     Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion     Adult Crop     Adult Midgut     Adult Hindgut     Adult Malpighian Tubules     Adult Fat Body     Adult Salivary Gland     Adult Heart     Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca     Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca     Adult Ovary     Adult Testis     Adult Male Accessory Gland     Adult Carcass     FlyAtlas Organ/Tissue Expression, larval vs. adult Larval Expression Level Tissue Adult Expression Level   NA  Head    no informative data   NA  Eye    47.75   NA  Brain    27.6   2.525  Central Nervous System    NA   NA  Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    42.8   NA  Crop    2.7   no informative data  Midgut    7.2   404.4  Hindgut    482   329  Malpighian Tubules    480.1   1.8  Fat Body    1.1   1.2  Salivary Gland    8.1   NA  Heart    1.1   0.875  Trachea    NA   NA  VirginFemale Spermatheca    1.7   NA  InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    2.4   NA  Ovary    0.7   NA  Testis    1.2   NA  Male Accessory Gland    1.9   5.125  Carcass    4.5 modENCODE Temporal Expression Data (Graveley et al., 2011) FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data (Chintapalli et al., 2007)
Expression Clusters
	A cluster of genes with similar mRNA expression dynamics across development. (The modENCODE Consortium, 2010) mE2_34_mRNA_expression_cluster_20
External Data & Images
Linkouts	FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies • FBgn0000442 FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array • CG3324-RA FlyExpress - Embryonic expression images (BDGP data) • Show all FlyExpress processed images for Pkg21D Stages(s) 13-16
Alleles & Phenotypes
Summary of Allele Phenotypes
Lethality Allele viable, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237 Pkg21DGD10936 Other Phenotypes Allele planar polarity defective, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237 Pkg21DGD10936 visible, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237 Pkg21DGD10936 Phenotype manifest in Allele mesothoracic tergum, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237 Pkg21DGD10936
Classical Alleles ( 2 )
For All Classical Alleles Show
Allele of Pkg21D Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion Pkg21Df05504 piggyBac transposase 1 -- Pkg21DMB04805 1 --
Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs ( 6 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Allele of Pkg21D Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion Pkg21DGD10936 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 2 Yes Pkg21DJF02766 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 1 Yes Pkg21DKK112484 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 1 Yes Pkg21DdsRNA.Scer\UAS in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - RNAi 0 Yes Pkg21DMtnA.T:SV5\V5 in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - coding region fusion 0 Yes Pkg21DScer\UAS.cMa in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes
Aneuploid Aberrations
Disrupted in	Df(2L)Exel6002 (Ryder, 2004.4.26) Df(2L)Exel7005 (Ryder, 2004.4.26)
Transgenic Constructs & Insertions
Transgenic Constructs
	Type of construct Name Expression data UAS construct P{GD10936} NA P{KK112484} NA P{TRiP.JF02766} NA P{UAS-Pkg21D.M} NA P{UAS-Pkg21D.RNAi} NA
Insertions
	Type of insertions Name Expression data miscellaneous insertions PBac{WH}Pkg21Df05504 NA insertion of enhancer trap binary system Mi{ET1}Pkg21DMB04805 No
Gene Ontology: Function, Process & Cellular Component ( 5 unique terms )
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence ( 2 terms )
Molecular Function
CV term Evidence References
cGMP-dependent protein kinase activity inferred from direct assay (Foster et al., 1996, MacPherson et al., 2004)
Biological Process
CV term Evidence References
protein phosphorylation inferred from direct assay (Foster et al., 1996)
Cellular Component ( 0 terms)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions ( 5 terms )
Molecular Function
CV term Evidence References
ATP binding inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR000719, InterPro:IPR000961, InterPro:IPR002290, InterPro:IPR002374, InterPro:IPR017441 (FlyBase Curators et al., 2004-) cGMP-dependent protein kinase activity inferred from sequence or structural similarity (Kalderon and Rubin, 1988) non-traceable author statement (Swiss-Prot Project Members, 1993.7.1) cyclic nucleotide binding non-traceable author statement (Swiss-Prot Project Members, 1993.7.1) protein serine/threonine kinase activity non-traceable author statement (Morrison et al., 2000, Swiss-Prot Project Members, 1993.7.1)
Biological Process
CV term Evidence References
protein phosphorylation non-traceable author statement (Morrison et al., 2000)
Cellular Component ( 0 terms)
Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene
	nuclear_gene   protein_coding_gene
Interactions & Pathways
Summary of Physical Interactions
Protein-protein
Interacting group Assay References
Summary of Genetic Interactions
Interacts with	Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions Pkg21D allele Gene References
External Data
Linkouts	DPiM - DPiM, Drosophila Protein interaction Map • FBgn0000442 DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions. • FBgn0000442 InterologFinder Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets. • 33253
Orthologs
Genome-wide drosophilid orthologs	Dana\GF14873 Dere\GG24630 Dgri\GH10498 Dper\GL15340 Dpse\GA17377 Dsec\GM16646 Dsim\GD22942 Dvir\GJ19652 Dwil\GK24624 Dyak\GE15942
Curated drosophilid orthologs	Dpse\GA17377
Linkouts	InParanoid A subset of ortholog calls from InParanoid. • AAEL005754-PA Aedes aegypti (mosquito) AGAP008585-PA Anopheles gambiae (mosquito) XP_001947043.1 Acyrthosiphon pisum (pea aphid) BGIBMGA006881-PA Bombyx mori (silk worm) ENSBTAP00000003877 Bos taurus (bovine) CN23490 Caenorhabditis brenneri (small nematode) CE19897 Caenorhabditis elegans (worm) ENSCAFP00000013072 Canis familiaris (dog) Chro.80094 Cryptosporidium hominis (obligate parasite) cgd8_750 Cryptosporidium parvum (protozoan parasite) 153242 Chlamidomonas reinhardtii (green alga) RP08588 Caenorhabditis remanei (nematode) 180843 Capitella spl (polychaete worm) 207381 Daphnia pulex (daphnia) ENSECAP00000022043 Equus caballus (horse) GL50803_4912 Giardia lamblia (flagellated protozoan) 96849 Hypsipyla robusta (cedar shoot borer) ISCW007896-PA Ixodes scapularis (deer tick) 127769 Lottia gigantea (owl limpet) ENSMODP00000025995 Monodelphis domestica (gray opossum) ENSOANP00000011192 Ornithorynchus anatinus (platypus) 1251 Ostreococcus tauri (green alga) PHUM003916-PA Pediculus humanus (human body louse) PP09185 Pristionchus pacificus (nematode) 185240 Physcomitrella patens (moss) 83909 Phytophthora ramorum (sudden oak death pathogen) 108998 Phytophthora sojae (root rot pathogen) PVX_084705 Plasmodium vivax (protozoal parasite) 5055037 Sorghum bicolor (sorghum) Smp_151100 Schistosoma mansoni (trematode parasite) XP_001195817.1 Strongylocentrotus purpuratus (purple sea urchin) TA04955 Theileria annulata (apicomplexan parasite) XP_968718.1 Tribolium castaneum (red flour beetle) TP03_0511 Theileria parva (parasitic protozoan) 1.m00881 Tetrahymena thermophila (ciliate protozoa) 16.m00309 Tetrahymena thermophila (ciliate protozoa) ENSXETP00000046551 Xenopus tropicalis (frog) OrthoDB (Arthropod subset) The hierarchical catalog of eukaryotic orthologs. • NV12180 LH24060 ISCW007896 FBgn0233499 FBgn0232417 FBgn0226584 FBgn0217478 FBgn0206794 FBgn0204758 FBgn0194336 FBgn0194136 FBgn0173039 FBgn0171559 JGI_V11_207381 JGI_V11_194528 FBgn0077390 FBgn0070079 FBgn0157065 FBgn0152944 FBgn0140755 FBgn0140756 FBgn0140505 FBgn0000721 FBgn0130699 FBgn0120664 FBgn0117979 FBgn0116762 FBgn0116552 FBgn0091900 FBgn0091686 CPIJ005277 CPIJ015653 BGIBMGA008856 ACYPI008877 ACYPI002284 GB18394 AGAP008863 AGAP008585 AAEL007826 AAEL005754 PB19653 PHUM012900 PHUM189890 PHUM596920 GLEAN_06940 GLEAN_06513 GLEAN_14321
Stocks & Reagents
Stocks Listed in FlyBase ( 6 )
Bloomington	24228 w1118; Mi{ET1}Pkg21DMB04805 27686 y1 v1; P{TRiP.JF02766}attP2
Harvard	- PBac{WH}Pkg21Df05504
VDRC	v103513 P{KK112484}VIE-260B v34594 w1118; P{GD10936}v34594 v34595 w1118; P{GD10936}v34595
Genomic Clones ( 1 )
	BACR30G21 Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete
cDNA Clones ( 9 )
	Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see GBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.
cDNA Clones, Fully Sequenced
BDGP DGC clones	GH03852
Other clones	DPiM_GH03852
cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
BDGP DGC clones
Other clones	bs36h03 bs85d05 EC050992 EC053500 RC0-DE0001-140700-017-G12 RP004247456 RP004486603
RNAi & Array Information
Linkouts	DRSC - Results from RNAi screens. • FBgn0000442 GenomeRNAi - GenomeRNAi – A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents • 33253
Antibody Information
Other Information
Discoverer
Etymology
Identification
Relationship to Other Genes
Source for database identity of	Source for identity of: Pkg21D CG3324 (Li, 1999.11)
Source for database merge of
Additional comments
Other Comments
	dsRNA made from templates generated with primers directed against this gene tested in RNAi screen for effects on Kc167 and S2R+ cell morphology. (Kiger et al., 2003) Biochemical characterisation of the Pkg21D protein is performed to better understand the physiological role of Pkg21D. Tissue distribution in embryos and adults is examined. (Foster et al., 1996) Isolated from a genomic library using a Pka-C1 probe. (Kalderon and Rubin, 1988) Pkg21D may encode a protein kinase. (Kalderon and Rubin, 1988) Genes in D.melanogaster encoding products related (by sequence comparison) to cGMP-dependent protein kinases of mammals have been isolated by using a Drosophila cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit gene as a probe.   Encodes a product with putative cGMP-dependent binding and kinase domains that is 14% larger than the corresponding mammalian enzyme. It is believed to bind cGMP and to undergo changes enabling its catalytic site to interact with appropriate substrates. This gene is unusually polymorphic in various Drosophila stocks.
External Crossreferences & Linkouts
Sequence Crossreferences
	RefSeq (Transcripts) • NM_057865 RefSeq (Proteins) • NP_477213 DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank • AAA28453 AAB03405 AAF51459 AAL13517 AC004420 AI109125 AW940147 AY058288 CZ488096 M18656 M27113 M27114 U59901 Z50296 Entrez Gene - A searchable database of RefSeq genes. • 33253 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot • Q03042
Other Crossreferences
	InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites • Cyclic nucleotide-binding, conserved site (IPR018488) Cyclic nucleotide-binding-like (IPR018490) Cyclic nucleotide-binding domain (IPR000595) Protein kinase, catalytic domain (IPR000719) AGC-kinase, C-terminal (IPR000961) Serine/threonine-protein kinase, catalytic domain (IPR002290) cGMP-dependent kinase (IPR002374) Serine/threonine-protein kinase, active site (IPR008271) Protein kinase-like domain (IPR011009) RmlC-like jelly roll fold (IPR014710) cGMP-dependent protein kinase (IPR016232) Protein kinase, ATP binding site (IPR017441) Serine/threonine-protein kinase-like domain (IPR017442)
Linkouts
	DPiM - DPiM, Drosophila Protein interaction Map • FBgn0000442 DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions. • FBgn0000442 DRSC - Results from RNAi screens. • FBgn0000442 FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies • FBgn0000442 FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array • CG3324-RA FlyMine - Integrated genomics database for Drosophila, Anopheles, and C.elegans • FBgn0000442 GenomeRNAi - GenomeRNAi – A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents • 33253 InParanoid A subset of ortholog calls from InParanoid. • AAEL005754-PA Aedes aegypti (mosquito) AGAP008585-PA Anopheles gambiae (mosquito) XP_001947043.1 Acyrthosiphon pisum (pea aphid) BGIBMGA006881-PA Bombyx mori (silk worm) ENSBTAP00000003877 Bos taurus (bovine) CN23490 Caenorhabditis brenneri (small nematode) CE19897 Caenorhabditis elegans (worm) ENSCAFP00000013072 Canis familiaris (dog) Chro.80094 Cryptosporidium hominis (obligate parasite) cgd8_750 Cryptosporidium parvum (protozoan parasite) 153242 Chlamidomonas reinhardtii (green alga) RP08588 Caenorhabditis remanei (nematode) 180843 Capitella spl (polychaete worm) 207381 Daphnia pulex (daphnia) ENSECAP00000022043 Equus caballus (horse) GL50803_4912 Giardia lamblia (flagellated protozoan) 96849 Hypsipyla robusta (cedar shoot borer) ISCW007896-PA Ixodes scapularis (deer tick) 127769 Lottia gigantea (owl limpet) ENSMODP00000025995 Monodelphis domestica (gray opossum) ENSOANP00000011192 Ornithorynchus anatinus (platypus) 1251 Ostreococcus tauri (green alga) PHUM003916-PA Pediculus humanus (human body louse) PP09185 Pristionchus pacificus (nematode) 185240 Physcomitrella patens (moss) 83909 Phytophthora ramorum (sudden oak death pathogen) 108998 Phytophthora sojae (root rot pathogen) PVX_084705 Plasmodium vivax (protozoal parasite) 5055037 Sorghum bicolor (sorghum) Smp_151100 Schistosoma mansoni (trematode parasite) XP_001195817.1 Strongylocentrotus purpuratus (purple sea urchin) TA04955 Theileria annulata (apicomplexan parasite) XP_968718.1 Tribolium castaneum (red flour beetle) TP03_0511 Theileria parva (parasitic protozoan) 1.m00881 Tetrahymena thermophila (ciliate protozoa) 16.m00309 Tetrahymena thermophila (ciliate protozoa) ENSXETP00000046551 Xenopus tropicalis (frog) InterologFinder Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets. • 33253 modMine - Data generated by the modENCODE project. • FBgn0000442 OrthoDB (Arthropod subset) The hierarchical catalog of eukaryotic orthologs. • NV12180 LH24060 ISCW007896 FBgn0233499 FBgn0232417 FBgn0226584 FBgn0217478 FBgn0206794 FBgn0204758 FBgn0194336 FBgn0194136 FBgn0173039 FBgn0171559 JGI_V11_207381 JGI_V11_194528 FBgn0077390 FBgn0070079 FBgn0157065 FBgn0152944 FBgn0140755 FBgn0140756 FBgn0140505 FBgn0000721 FBgn0130699 FBgn0120664 FBgn0117979 FBgn0116762 FBgn0116552 FBgn0091900 FBgn0091686 CPIJ005277 CPIJ015653 BGIBMGA008856 ACYPI008877 ACYPI002284 GB18394 AGAP008863 AGAP008585 AAEL007826 AAEL005754 PB19653 PHUM012900 PHUM189890 PHUM596920 GLEAN_06940 GLEAN_06513 GLEAN_14321
Synonyms & Secondary IDs ( 11 )
Reported As
Symbol Synonym	CG3324 (Morrison et al., 2000, Wirbelauer et al., 2005, Bell et al., 2007, Keleman et al., 2009.8.5, Perkins et al., 2009, Bell et al., 2010) cGMP (Llamazares et al., 1991) dg1 (Hofmann, 2005, MacPherson et al., 2004, Davies, 2000, Broderick et al., 2000, Buchner, 1991, Aitchison et al., 2007, Morton and Vermehren, 2007, Vermehren-Schmaedick et al., 2010) DG1 (Foster, 1996.6.3, Dow and Davies, 1999, Lohmann et al., 1997, Foster et al., 1996, Siegfried et al., 1990, Kalderon and Rubin, 1988, ) Dg1   PKG (Semenza, 1999, Wingrove and O'Farrell, 1998, Zhang et al., 2002) Pkg1   PKG-21D (Bjorklund et al., 2006) PKG 21D (Morrison et al., 2000) Pkg21D (Wang et al., 2004, Conant and Wagner, 2005, Nagoshi et al., 2010)
Name Synonym	cGMP-dependent protein kinase 21D
Secondary FlyBase IDs
References ( 53 )
Generate a list of	All references relating to this gene ( 53 )
List References by type	Research paper  ( 18 ) Supplementary material  ( 4 ) Review  ( 7 ) Personal communication to FlyBase  ( 6 ) Abstract  ( 6 ) FlyBase analysis  ( 2 ) DNA/RNA sequence record  ( 1 ) Curated genome annotation  ( 2 ) Protein sequence record  ( 1 ) Computer file  ( 4 ) Automatic genome annotation  ( 1 ) Book  ( 1 )
Recent research papers ( 3 )
	Bell et al., 2010, Nat. Struct. Mol. Biol. 17(7): 894--900 Accessibility of the Drosophila genome discriminates PcG repression, H4K16 acetylation and replication timing. [FBrf0211183] Nagoshi et al., 2010, Nat. Neurosci. 13(1): 60--68 Dissecting differential gene expression within the circadian neuronal circuit of Drosophila. [FBrf0209632] Vermehren-Schmaedick et al., 2010, Genetics 186(1): 183--196 Behavioral Responses to Hypoxia in Drosophila Larvae Are Mediated by Atypical Soluble Guanylyl Cyclases. [FBrf0211824] Show all research papers ...
Recent reviews (0)
	All reviews listed in FlyBase were published before 2010 Show reviews ...