Gene Dmel\E(Pc)

Experimentally Determined Recombination Data

Location

2-61.9

Left of (cM)

Right of (cM)

Notes

Gene Model & Products

Please see the GBrowse view of Dmel\E(Pc) for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Comments on Gene Model

Tissue-specific extension of 3' UTRs observed during later stages (FBrf0218523, FBrf0219848); all variants may not be annotated

gene_with_stop_codon_read_through ; SO:0000697

Double stop-codon suppression (UGA, UAA) postulated; FBrf0216884.

Gene model reviewed during 5.44

Low-frequency RNA-Seq exon junction(s) not annotated.

Gene model reviewed during 5.49

Transcript Data

Annotated Transcripts

Name

FlyBase ID

RefSeq ID

Length (nt)

Associated CDS (aa)

E(Pc)-RA

FBtr0088139

NM_078974

9408

2023

E(Pc)-RB

FBtr0088140

NM_165836

9325

2023

E(Pc)-RC

FBtr0330621

NM_001273966

10423

1974

E(Pc)-RD

FBtr0330622

NM_001273967

9554

2033

E(Pc)-RE

FBtr0330623

NM_001273968

10794

2097

Additional Transcript Data & Comments

Reported size (kB)

8.5, 5.2 (northern blot)

Comments

External Data

Crossreferences

Polypeptide Data

Annotated Polypeptides

Name

FlyBase ID

Predicted MW (kDa)

Length (aa)

Theoretical pI

RefSeq ID

GenBank protein

E(Pc)-PA

FBpp0087238

220.9

2023

6.04

NP_523698

AAF58641

E(Pc)-PB

FBpp0087239

220.9

2023

6.04

NP_725054

AAM68743

E(Pc)-PC

FBpp0303471

216.4

1974

6.16

NP_001260895

AGB93428

E(Pc)-PD

FBpp0303472

221.7

2033

5.95

NP_001260896

AGB93429

E(Pc)-PE

FBpp0303473

228.4

2097

6.00

NP_001260897

AGB93430

Additional Polypeptide Data & Comments

Reported size (kDa)

2023 (aa); 220 (kD predicted)

Comments

External Data

Crossreferences

InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites

•

Enhancer of polycomb-like, N-terminal (IPR019542)

Enhancer of polycomb protein (IPR024943)

Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model

DDBJ /
EMBL /
GenBank

DNA sequence

Protein sequence

Name

Mapped Features

Mapped Features have been reorganized, please see this article for details.

Additional mapped features and mutations can be found on GBrowse or related reports.

Type

Symbol & Location

Additional Notes

References

External Data

Crossreferences

Expression Data

Transcript Expression

in situ

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

embryonic stage 1 -- 3

organism

Comment:maternally deposited

embryonic stage 4 -- 6

organism | faint & ubiquitous

embryonic stage 7 -- 8

organism | faint & ubiquitous

embryonic stage 9 -- 10

organism | faint & ubiquitous

embryonic stage 11 -- 12

organism | faint & ubiquitous

northern blot

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

embryonic stage -- adult stage

Additional Descriptive Data

Marker for

Subcellular Localization

CV Term

Polypeptide Expression

immunolocalization

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

embryonic stage

presumptive embryonic/larval central nervous system

organism | ubiquitous

Additional Descriptive Data

E(Pc) protein is ubiquitously distributed in embryos. Later in embryogenesis, it is more abundant in the CNS than in other tissues.

Marker for

Subcellular Localization (GO Cellular Component)

CV term

histone acetyltransferase complex

References

inferred from physical interaction with pont

nucleus

inferred from direct assay

polytene chromosome

inferred from direct assay

NOT
polytene chromosome chromocenter

inferred from direct assay

(The modENCODE Consortium, 2010, Graveley et al., 2011)

Expression Deduced from Reporters

High-Throughput Expression Data

Associated Tools

Reference

See Gelbart and Emmert, 2010.10.13 for analysis details and data files for all genes.

FlyAtlas Anatomy Microarray

FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data

(FlyAtlas-RNA.adult)

(FlyAtlas-RNA.larva)

	Styles
	Linear
	Logarithmic
	Heatmap
	Back-to-back
	Scales
	gene max expression
	Moderate expression bin max
	High level expression bin max
	Very high expression bin max

Summary of FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data: Two or more Affy2 ProbeSets identify exons of this gene. This is a summary of the tissue expression peaks exhibited in at least one of these ProbeSets. Expression in all larval and adult organs/tissues ranges from low to undetected. Expression at moderate levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult brain.
[download data (TSV)]

Guide to FlyAtlas expression level colors
	No expression (0 - 9.999)
	Low expression (10 - 99.999)
	Moderate expression (100 - 499.999)
	High level expression (500 - 999.999)
	Very high expression (>999.999)

Heatmap
Tissue		Expression Level
Larval Central Nervous System
Larval Midgut
Larval Hindgut
Larval Malpighian Tubules
Larval Fat Body
Larval Salivary Gland
Larval Trachea
Larval Carcass
Adult Head
Adult Eye
Adult Brain
Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion
Adult Crop
Adult Midgut
Adult Hindgut
Adult Malpighian Tubules
Adult Fat Body
Adult Salivary Gland
Adult Heart
Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca
Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca
Adult Ovary
Adult Testis
Adult Male Accessory Gland
Adult Carcass

FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data (Chintapalli et al., 2007)

modENCODE Anatomy RNA-Seq

modENCODE Tissue Expression Data

(modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_tissues)

	Styles
	Linear
	Logarithmic
	Heatmap
	Scales
	gene max expression
	Moderate expression bin max
	High expression bin max
	Extremely high expression bin max

[download data (TSV)]

Guide to modENCODE expression level colors
	No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)
	Very low expression (1 - 3)
	Low expression (4 - 10)
	Moderate expression (11 - 25)
	Moderately high expression (26 - 50)
	High expression (51 - 100)
	Very high expression (101 - 1000)
	Extremely high expression (>1000)

Linear, scaled to maximum expression level
Tissue		Expression Level
imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering		24
central nervous system, larvae L3		35
central nervous system, pupae P8		16
head, virgin 1-day female		8
head, virgin 4-day female		9
head, virgin 20-day female		8
head, mated 1-day female		10
head, mated 4-day female		8
head, mated 20-day female		7
head, mated 1-day male		14
head, mated 4-day male		12
head, mated 20-day male		12
salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering		0
salivary gland, white prepupae		5
digestive system, larvae L3 wandering		5
digestive system, 1-day adult		4
digestive system, 4-day adult		7
digestive system, 20-day adult		5
fat body, larvae L3 wandering		3
fat body, white prepupae		10
fat body, pupae P8		4
carcass, larvae L3 wandering		16
carcass, 1-day adult		6
carcass, 4-day adult		8
carcass, 20-day adult		6
ovary, virgin 4-day female		51
ovary, mated 4-day female		62
testis, mated 4-day male		12
accessory gland, mated 4-day male		6
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high High

Linear, scaled to Moderate expression
Tissue		Expression Level
imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering		24
central nervous system, larvae L3		(35)
central nervous system, pupae P8		16
head, virgin 1-day female		8
head, virgin 4-day female		9
head, virgin 20-day female		8
head, mated 1-day female		10
head, mated 4-day female		8
head, mated 20-day female		7
head, mated 1-day male		14
head, mated 4-day male		12
head, mated 20-day male		12
salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering		0
salivary gland, white prepupae		5
digestive system, larvae L3 wandering		5
digestive system, 1-day adult		4
digestive system, 4-day adult		7
digestive system, 20-day adult		5
fat body, larvae L3 wandering		3
fat body, white prepupae		10
fat body, pupae P8		4
carcass, larvae L3 wandering		16
carcass, 1-day adult		6
carcass, 4-day adult		8
carcass, 20-day adult		6
ovary, virgin 4-day female		(51)
ovary, mated 4-day female		(62)
testis, mated 4-day male		12
accessory gland, mated 4-day male		6
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high

Linear, scaled to High expression
Tissue		Expression Level
imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering		24
central nervous system, larvae L3		35
central nervous system, pupae P8		16
head, virgin 1-day female		8
head, virgin 4-day female		9
head, virgin 20-day female		8
head, mated 1-day female		10
head, mated 4-day female		8
head, mated 20-day female		7
head, mated 1-day male		14
head, mated 4-day male		12
head, mated 20-day male		12
salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering		0
salivary gland, white prepupae		5
digestive system, larvae L3 wandering		5
digestive system, 1-day adult		4
digestive system, 4-day adult		7
digestive system, 20-day adult		5
fat body, larvae L3 wandering		3
fat body, white prepupae		10
fat body, pupae P8		4
carcass, larvae L3 wandering		16
carcass, 1-day adult		6
carcass, 4-day adult		8
carcass, 20-day adult		6
ovary, virgin 4-day female		51
ovary, mated 4-day female		62
testis, mated 4-day male		12
accessory gland, mated 4-day male		6
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high High Very high

Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression
Tissue		Expression Level
imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering		24
central nervous system, larvae L3		35
central nervous system, pupae P8		16
head, virgin 1-day female		8
head, virgin 4-day female		9
head, virgin 20-day female		8
head, mated 1-day female		10
head, mated 4-day female		8
head, mated 20-day female		7
head, mated 1-day male		14
head, mated 4-day male		12
head, mated 20-day male		12
salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering		0
salivary gland, white prepupae		5
digestive system, larvae L3 wandering		5
digestive system, 1-day adult		4
digestive system, 4-day adult		7
digestive system, 20-day adult		5
fat body, larvae L3 wandering		3
fat body, white prepupae		10
fat body, pupae P8		4
carcass, larvae L3 wandering		16
carcass, 1-day adult		6
carcass, 4-day adult		8
carcass, 20-day adult		6
ovary, virgin 4-day female		51
ovary, mated 4-day female		62
testis, mated 4-day male		12
accessory gland, mated 4-day male		6
Expression Level Scale		Extremely high

log, scaled to maximum expression level
Tissue		Expression Level
imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering		24
central nervous system, larvae L3		35
central nervous system, pupae P8		16
head, virgin 1-day female		8
head, virgin 4-day female		9
head, virgin 20-day female		8
head, mated 1-day female		10
head, mated 4-day female		8
head, mated 20-day female		7
head, mated 1-day male		14
head, mated 4-day male		12
head, mated 20-day male		12
salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering		0
salivary gland, white prepupae		5
digestive system, larvae L3 wandering		5
digestive system, 1-day adult		4
digestive system, 4-day adult		7
digestive system, 20-day adult		5
fat body, larvae L3 wandering		3
fat body, white prepupae		10
fat body, pupae P8		4
carcass, larvae L3 wandering		16
carcass, 1-day adult		6
carcass, 4-day adult		8
carcass, 20-day adult		6
ovary, virgin 4-day female		51
ovary, mated 4-day female		62
testis, mated 4-day male		12
accessory gland, mated 4-day male		6
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high High

log, scaled to Moderate expression
Tissue		Expression Level
imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering		24
central nervous system, larvae L3		(35)
central nervous system, pupae P8		16
head, virgin 1-day female		8
head, virgin 4-day female		9
head, virgin 20-day female		8
head, mated 1-day female		10
head, mated 4-day female		8
head, mated 20-day female		7
head, mated 1-day male		14
head, mated 4-day male		12
head, mated 20-day male		12
salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering		0
salivary gland, white prepupae		5
digestive system, larvae L3 wandering		5
digestive system, 1-day adult		4
digestive system, 4-day adult		7
digestive system, 20-day adult		5
fat body, larvae L3 wandering		3
fat body, white prepupae		10
fat body, pupae P8		4
carcass, larvae L3 wandering		16
carcass, 1-day adult		6
carcass, 4-day adult		8
carcass, 20-day adult		6
ovary, virgin 4-day female		(51)
ovary, mated 4-day female		(62)
testis, mated 4-day male		12
accessory gland, mated 4-day male		6
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high

log, scaled to High expression
Tissue		Expression Level
imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering		24
central nervous system, larvae L3		35
central nervous system, pupae P8		16
head, virgin 1-day female		8
head, virgin 4-day female		9
head, virgin 20-day female		8
head, mated 1-day female		10
head, mated 4-day female		8
head, mated 20-day female		7
head, mated 1-day male		14
head, mated 4-day male		12
head, mated 20-day male		12
salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering		0
salivary gland, white prepupae		5
digestive system, larvae L3 wandering		5
digestive system, 1-day adult		4
digestive system, 4-day adult		7
digestive system, 20-day adult		5
fat body, larvae L3 wandering		3
fat body, white prepupae		10
fat body, pupae P8		4
carcass, larvae L3 wandering		16
carcass, 1-day adult		6
carcass, 4-day adult		8
carcass, 20-day adult		6
ovary, virgin 4-day female		51
ovary, mated 4-day female		62
testis, mated 4-day male		12
accessory gland, mated 4-day male		6
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high High Very high

log, scaled to Extremely high expression
Tissue		Expression Level
imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering		24
central nervous system, larvae L3		35
central nervous system, pupae P8		16
head, virgin 1-day female		8
head, virgin 4-day female		9
head, virgin 20-day female		8
head, mated 1-day female		10
head, mated 4-day female		8
head, mated 20-day female		7
head, mated 1-day male		14
head, mated 4-day male		12
head, mated 20-day male		12
salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering		0
salivary gland, white prepupae		5
digestive system, larvae L3 wandering		5
digestive system, 1-day adult		4
digestive system, 4-day adult		7
digestive system, 20-day adult		5
fat body, larvae L3 wandering		3
fat body, white prepupae		10
fat body, pupae P8		4
carcass, larvae L3 wandering		16
carcass, 1-day adult		6
carcass, 4-day adult		8
carcass, 20-day adult		6
ovary, virgin 4-day female		51
ovary, mated 4-day female		62
testis, mated 4-day male		12
accessory gland, mated 4-day male		6
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high High Very high Extremely high

Heatmap
Tissue		Expression Level
imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering
central nervous system, larvae L3
central nervous system, pupae P8
head, virgin 1-day female
head, virgin 4-day female
head, virgin 20-day female
head, mated 1-day female
head, mated 4-day female
head, mated 20-day female
head, mated 1-day male
head, mated 4-day male
head, mated 20-day male
salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering
salivary gland, white prepupae
digestive system, larvae L3 wandering
digestive system, 1-day adult
digestive system, 4-day adult
digestive system, 20-day adult
fat body, larvae L3 wandering
fat body, white prepupae
fat body, pupae P8
carcass, larvae L3 wandering
carcass, 1-day adult
carcass, 4-day adult
carcass, 20-day adult
ovary, virgin 4-day female
ovary, mated 4-day female
testis, mated 4-day male
accessory gland, mated 4-day male

modENCODE Development RNA-Seq

modENCODE Temporal Expression Data

(modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_U)

	Styles
	Linear
	Logarithmic
	Heatmap
	Scales
	gene max expression
	Moderate expression bin max
	High expression bin max
	Extremely high expression bin max

Summary of modENCODE Temporal Expression Profile: Temporal profile ranges from a peak of high expression to a trough of moderate expression. Peak expression observed within 00-06 hour embryonic stages.
[download data (TSV)]

Guide to modENCODE expression level colors
	No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)
	Very low expression (1 - 3)
	Low expression (4 - 10)
	Moderate expression (11 - 25)
	Moderately high expression (26 - 50)
	High expression (51 - 100)
	Very high expression (101 - 1000)
	Extremely high expression (>1000)

Linear, scaled to maximum expression level
Developmental Stage		Expression Level
embryo 00-02hr		52
embryo 02-04hr		54
embryo 04-06hr		41
embryo 06-08hr		38
embryo 08-10hr		34
embryo 10-12hr		20
embryo 12-14hr		20
embryo 14-16hr		21
embryo 16-18hr		16
embryo 18-20hr		13
embryo 20-22hr		14
embryo 22-24hr		14
larva L1		13
larva L2		7
larva L3 12hr old		6
larva L3 puffstage 1-2		5
larva L3 puffstage 3-6		12
larva L3 puffstage 7-9		12
white prepupae new		14
white prepupae 12hr		14
white prepupae 24hr		18
pupae 2d postWPP		12
pupae 3d postWPP		7
pupae 4d postWPP		7
adult male 01day		8
adult male 05day		11
adult male 30day		11
adult female 01day		22
adult female 05day		34
adult female 30day		36
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high High

Linear, scaled to Moderate expression
Developmental Stage		Expression Level
embryo 00-02hr		(52)
embryo 02-04hr		(54)
embryo 04-06hr		(41)
embryo 06-08hr		(38)
embryo 08-10hr		(34)
embryo 10-12hr		20
embryo 12-14hr		20
embryo 14-16hr		21
embryo 16-18hr		16
embryo 18-20hr		13
embryo 20-22hr		14
embryo 22-24hr		14
larva L1		13
larva L2		7
larva L3 12hr old		6
larva L3 puffstage 1-2		5
larva L3 puffstage 3-6		12
larva L3 puffstage 7-9		12
white prepupae new		14
white prepupae 12hr		14
white prepupae 24hr		18
pupae 2d postWPP		12
pupae 3d postWPP		7
pupae 4d postWPP		7
adult male 01day		8
adult male 05day		11
adult male 30day		11
adult female 01day		22
adult female 05day		(34)
adult female 30day		(36)
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high

Linear, scaled to High expression
Developmental Stage		Expression Level
embryo 00-02hr		52
embryo 02-04hr		54
embryo 04-06hr		41
embryo 06-08hr		38
embryo 08-10hr		34
embryo 10-12hr		20
embryo 12-14hr		20
embryo 14-16hr		21
embryo 16-18hr		16
embryo 18-20hr		13
embryo 20-22hr		14
embryo 22-24hr		14
larva L1		13
larva L2		7
larva L3 12hr old		6
larva L3 puffstage 1-2		5
larva L3 puffstage 3-6		12
larva L3 puffstage 7-9		12
white prepupae new		14
white prepupae 12hr		14
white prepupae 24hr		18
pupae 2d postWPP		12
pupae 3d postWPP		7
pupae 4d postWPP		7
adult male 01day		8
adult male 05day		11
adult male 30day		11
adult female 01day		22
adult female 05day		34
adult female 30day		36
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high High Very high

Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression
Developmental Stage		Expression Level
embryo 00-02hr		52
embryo 02-04hr		54
embryo 04-06hr		41
embryo 06-08hr		38
embryo 08-10hr		34
embryo 10-12hr		20
embryo 12-14hr		20
embryo 14-16hr		21
embryo 16-18hr		16
embryo 18-20hr		13
embryo 20-22hr		14
embryo 22-24hr		14
larva L1		13
larva L2		7
larva L3 12hr old		6
larva L3 puffstage 1-2		5
larva L3 puffstage 3-6		12
larva L3 puffstage 7-9		12
white prepupae new		14
white prepupae 12hr		14
white prepupae 24hr		18
pupae 2d postWPP		12
pupae 3d postWPP		7
pupae 4d postWPP		7
adult male 01day		8
adult male 05day		11
adult male 30day		11
adult female 01day		22
adult female 05day		34
adult female 30day		36
Expression Level Scale		Extremely high

log, scaled to maximum expression level
Developmental Stage		Expression Level
embryo 00-02hr		52
embryo 02-04hr		54
embryo 04-06hr		41
embryo 06-08hr		38
embryo 08-10hr		34
embryo 10-12hr		20
embryo 12-14hr		20
embryo 14-16hr		21
embryo 16-18hr		16
embryo 18-20hr		13
embryo 20-22hr		14
embryo 22-24hr		14
larva L1		13
larva L2		7
larva L3 12hr old		6
larva L3 puffstage 1-2		5
larva L3 puffstage 3-6		12
larva L3 puffstage 7-9		12
white prepupae new		14
white prepupae 12hr		14
white prepupae 24hr		18
pupae 2d postWPP		12
pupae 3d postWPP		7
pupae 4d postWPP		7
adult male 01day		8
adult male 05day		11
adult male 30day		11
adult female 01day		22
adult female 05day		34
adult female 30day		36
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high High

log, scaled to Moderate expression
Developmental Stage		Expression Level
embryo 00-02hr		(52)
embryo 02-04hr		(54)
embryo 04-06hr		(41)
embryo 06-08hr		(38)
embryo 08-10hr		(34)
embryo 10-12hr		20
embryo 12-14hr		20
embryo 14-16hr		21
embryo 16-18hr		16
embryo 18-20hr		13
embryo 20-22hr		14
embryo 22-24hr		14
larva L1		13
larva L2		7
larva L3 12hr old		6
larva L3 puffstage 1-2		5
larva L3 puffstage 3-6		12
larva L3 puffstage 7-9		12
white prepupae new		14
white prepupae 12hr		14
white prepupae 24hr		18
pupae 2d postWPP		12
pupae 3d postWPP		7
pupae 4d postWPP		7
adult male 01day		8
adult male 05day		11
adult male 30day		11
adult female 01day		22
adult female 05day		(34)
adult female 30day		(36)
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high

log, scaled to High expression
Developmental Stage		Expression Level
embryo 00-02hr		52
embryo 02-04hr		54
embryo 04-06hr		41
embryo 06-08hr		38
embryo 08-10hr		34
embryo 10-12hr		20
embryo 12-14hr		20
embryo 14-16hr		21
embryo 16-18hr		16
embryo 18-20hr		13
embryo 20-22hr		14
embryo 22-24hr		14
larva L1		13
larva L2		7
larva L3 12hr old		6
larva L3 puffstage 1-2		5
larva L3 puffstage 3-6		12
larva L3 puffstage 7-9		12
white prepupae new		14
white prepupae 12hr		14
white prepupae 24hr		18
pupae 2d postWPP		12
pupae 3d postWPP		7
pupae 4d postWPP		7
adult male 01day		8
adult male 05day		11
adult male 30day		11
adult female 01day		22
adult female 05day		34
adult female 30day		36
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high High Very high

log, scaled to Extremely high expression
Developmental Stage		Expression Level
embryo 00-02hr		52
embryo 02-04hr		54
embryo 04-06hr		41
embryo 06-08hr		38
embryo 08-10hr		34
embryo 10-12hr		20
embryo 12-14hr		20
embryo 14-16hr		21
embryo 16-18hr		16
embryo 18-20hr		13
embryo 20-22hr		14
embryo 22-24hr		14
larva L1		13
larva L2		7
larva L3 12hr old		6
larva L3 puffstage 1-2		5
larva L3 puffstage 3-6		12
larva L3 puffstage 7-9		12
white prepupae new		14
white prepupae 12hr		14
white prepupae 24hr		18
pupae 2d postWPP		12
pupae 3d postWPP		7
pupae 4d postWPP		7
adult male 01day		8
adult male 05day		11
adult male 30day		11
adult female 01day		22
adult female 05day		34
adult female 30day		36
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high High Very high Extremely high

Heatmap
Developmental Stage		Expression Level
embryo 00-02hr
embryo 02-04hr
embryo 04-06hr
embryo 06-08hr
embryo 08-10hr
embryo 10-12hr
embryo 12-14hr
embryo 14-16hr
embryo 16-18hr
embryo 18-20hr
embryo 20-22hr
embryo 22-24hr
larva L1
larva L2
larva L3 12hr old
larva L3 puffstage 1-2
larva L3 puffstage 3-6
larva L3 puffstage 7-9
white prepupae new
white prepupae 12hr
white prepupae 24hr
pupae 2d postWPP
pupae 3d postWPP
pupae 4d postWPP
adult male 01day
adult male 05day
adult male 30day
adult female 01day
adult female 05day
adult female 30day

modENCODE Temporal Expression Data (Graveley et al., 2011)

modENCODE Cell Lines RNA-Seq

modENCODE Cell Line Expression Data

(modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_cell.A)

(modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_cell.B)

	Styles
	Linear
	Logarithmic
	Heatmap
	Scales
	gene max expression
	Moderate expression bin max
	High expression bin max
	Extremely high expression bin max

[download data (TSV)]

Guide to modENCODE expression level colors
	No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)
	Very low expression (1 - 3)
	Low expression (4 - 10)
	Moderate expression (11 - 25)
	Moderately high expression (26 - 50)
	High expression (51 - 100)
	Very high expression (101 - 1000)
	Extremely high expression (>1000)

Linear, scaled to maximum expression level
Cell Line		Expression Level
Schneider line 2 S2R+		17
Schneider line 2 Sg4		10
embryonic 1182-4H		16
embryonic GM2		13
embryonic Kc167		14
embryonic S1		11
embryonic S3		17
leg disc CME L1		14
wing disc CME-W2		9
wing disc ML-DmD8		17
wing disc ML-DmD9		10
wing disc ML-DmD16-c3		27
wing disc ML-DmD21		6
wing disc ML-DmD32		17
haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3		23
eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11		13
antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5		5
mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1		14
CNS ML-DmBG1-c1		17
CNS ML-DmBG2-c2		32
tumorous blood cells mbn2		10
ovary fGS/OSS		27
ovary OSC		26
ovary OSS		14
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high

Linear, scaled to Moderate expression
Cell Line		Expression Level
Schneider line 2 S2R+		17
Schneider line 2 Sg4		10
embryonic 1182-4H		16
embryonic GM2		13
embryonic Kc167		14
embryonic S1		11
embryonic S3		17
leg disc CME L1		14
wing disc CME-W2		9
wing disc ML-DmD8		17
wing disc ML-DmD9		10
wing disc ML-DmD16-c3		(27)
wing disc ML-DmD21		6
wing disc ML-DmD32		17
haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3		23
eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11		13
antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5		5
mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1		14
CNS ML-DmBG1-c1		17
CNS ML-DmBG2-c2		(32)
tumorous blood cells mbn2		10
ovary fGS/OSS		(27)
ovary OSC		26
ovary OSS		14
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high

Linear, scaled to High expression
Cell Line		Expression Level
Schneider line 2 S2R+		17
Schneider line 2 Sg4		10
embryonic 1182-4H		16
embryonic GM2		13
embryonic Kc167		14
embryonic S1		11
embryonic S3		17
leg disc CME L1		14
wing disc CME-W2		9
wing disc ML-DmD8		17
wing disc ML-DmD9		10
wing disc ML-DmD16-c3		27
wing disc ML-DmD21		6
wing disc ML-DmD32		17
haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3		23
eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11		13
antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5		5
mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1		14
CNS ML-DmBG1-c1		17
CNS ML-DmBG2-c2		32
tumorous blood cells mbn2		10
ovary fGS/OSS		27
ovary OSC		26
ovary OSS		14
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high High Very high

Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression
Cell Line		Expression Level
Schneider line 2 S2R+		17
Schneider line 2 Sg4		10
embryonic 1182-4H		16
embryonic GM2		13
embryonic Kc167		14
embryonic S1		11
embryonic S3		17
leg disc CME L1		14
wing disc CME-W2		9
wing disc ML-DmD8		17
wing disc ML-DmD9		10
wing disc ML-DmD16-c3		27
wing disc ML-DmD21		6
wing disc ML-DmD32		17
haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3		23
eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11		13
antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5		5
mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1		14
CNS ML-DmBG1-c1		17
CNS ML-DmBG2-c2		32
tumorous blood cells mbn2		10
ovary fGS/OSS		27
ovary OSC		26
ovary OSS		14
Expression Level Scale		Extremely high

log, scaled to maximum expression level
Cell Line		Expression Level
Schneider line 2 S2R+		17
Schneider line 2 Sg4		10
embryonic 1182-4H		16
embryonic GM2		13
embryonic Kc167		14
embryonic S1		11
embryonic S3		17
leg disc CME L1		14
wing disc CME-W2		9
wing disc ML-DmD8		17
wing disc ML-DmD9		10
wing disc ML-DmD16-c3		27
wing disc ML-DmD21		6
wing disc ML-DmD32		17
haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3		23
eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11		13
antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5		5
mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1		14
CNS ML-DmBG1-c1		17
CNS ML-DmBG2-c2		32
tumorous blood cells mbn2		10
ovary fGS/OSS		27
ovary OSC		26
ovary OSS		14
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high

log, scaled to Moderate expression
Cell Line		Expression Level
Schneider line 2 S2R+		17
Schneider line 2 Sg4		10
embryonic 1182-4H		16
embryonic GM2		13
embryonic Kc167		14
embryonic S1		11
embryonic S3		17
leg disc CME L1		14
wing disc CME-W2		9
wing disc ML-DmD8		17
wing disc ML-DmD9		10
wing disc ML-DmD16-c3		27
wing disc ML-DmD21		6
wing disc ML-DmD32		17
haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3		23
eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11		13
antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5		5
mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1		14
CNS ML-DmBG1-c1		17
CNS ML-DmBG2-c2		32
tumorous blood cells mbn2		10
ovary fGS/OSS		27
ovary OSC		26
ovary OSS		14
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high

log, scaled to High expression
Cell Line		Expression Level
Schneider line 2 S2R+		17
Schneider line 2 Sg4		10
embryonic 1182-4H		16
embryonic GM2		13
embryonic Kc167		14
embryonic S1		11
embryonic S3		17
leg disc CME L1		14
wing disc CME-W2		9
wing disc ML-DmD8		17
wing disc ML-DmD9		10
wing disc ML-DmD16-c3		27
wing disc ML-DmD21		6
wing disc ML-DmD32		17
haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3		23
eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11		13
antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5		5
mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1		14
CNS ML-DmBG1-c1		17
CNS ML-DmBG2-c2		32
tumorous blood cells mbn2		10
ovary fGS/OSS		27
ovary OSC		26
ovary OSS		14
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high High Very high

log, scaled to Extremely high expression
Cell Line		Expression Level
Schneider line 2 S2R+		17
Schneider line 2 Sg4		10
embryonic 1182-4H		16
embryonic GM2		13
embryonic Kc167		14
embryonic S1		11
embryonic S3		17
leg disc CME L1		14
wing disc CME-W2		9
wing disc ML-DmD8		17
wing disc ML-DmD9		10
wing disc ML-DmD16-c3		27
wing disc ML-DmD21		6
wing disc ML-DmD32		17
haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3		23
eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11		13
antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5		5
mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1		14
CNS ML-DmBG1-c1		17
CNS ML-DmBG2-c2		32
tumorous blood cells mbn2		10
ovary fGS/OSS		27
ovary OSC		26
ovary OSS		14
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high High Very high Extremely high

Heatmap
Cell Line		Expression Level
Schneider line 2 S2R+
Schneider line 2 Sg4
embryonic 1182-4H
embryonic GM2
embryonic Kc167
embryonic S1
embryonic S3
leg disc CME L1
wing disc CME-W2
wing disc ML-DmD8
wing disc ML-DmD9
wing disc ML-DmD16-c3
wing disc ML-DmD21
wing disc ML-DmD32
haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3
eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11
antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5
mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1
CNS ML-DmBG1-c1
CNS ML-DmBG2-c2
tumorous blood cells mbn2
ovary fGS/OSS
ovary OSC
ovary OSS

modENCODE Treatments RNA-Seq

modENCODE Treatment Expression Data

(modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_treatments)

	Styles
	Linear
	Logarithmic
	Heatmap
	Scales
	gene max expression
	Moderate expression bin max
	High expression bin max
	Extremely high expression bin max

[download data (TSV)]

Guide to modENCODE expression level colors
	No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)
	Very low expression (1 - 3)
	Low expression (4 - 10)
	Moderate expression (11 - 25)
	Moderately high expression (26 - 50)
	High expression (51 - 100)
	Very high expression (101 - 1000)
	Extremely high expression (>1000)

Linear, scaled to maximum expression level
Treatment		Expression Level
extended cold, 4-day adult		18
cold shock, 4-day adult		13
heat shock, 4-day adult		16
Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3		3
Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		2
Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		18
Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		46
Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		6
Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		35
Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		5
Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		16
Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3		42
Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3		2
Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3		3
Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3		3
Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult		33
Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult		20
Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		29
Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		28
Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3		2
Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3		2
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high High

Linear, scaled to Moderate expression
Treatment		Expression Level
extended cold, 4-day adult		18
cold shock, 4-day adult		13
heat shock, 4-day adult		16
Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3		3
Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		2
Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		18
Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		(46)
Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		6
Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		(35)
Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		5
Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		16
Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3		(42)
Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3		2
Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3		3
Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3		3
Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult		(33)
Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult		20
Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		(29)
Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		(28)
Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3		2
Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3		2
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high

Linear, scaled to High expression
Treatment		Expression Level
extended cold, 4-day adult		18
cold shock, 4-day adult		13
heat shock, 4-day adult		16
Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3		3
Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		2
Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		18
Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		46
Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		6
Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		35
Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		5
Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		16
Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3		42
Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3		2
Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3		3
Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3		3
Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult		33
Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult		20
Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		29
Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		28
Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3		2
Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3		2
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high High Very high

Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression
Treatment		Expression Level
extended cold, 4-day adult		18
cold shock, 4-day adult		13
heat shock, 4-day adult		16
Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3		3
Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		2
Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		18
Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		46
Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		6
Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		35
Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		5
Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		16
Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3		42
Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3		2
Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3		3
Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3		3
Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult		33
Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult		20
Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		29
Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		28
Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3		2
Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3		2
Expression Level Scale		Extremely high

log, scaled to maximum expression level
Treatment		Expression Level
extended cold, 4-day adult		18
cold shock, 4-day adult		13
heat shock, 4-day adult		16
Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3		3
Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		2
Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		18
Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		46
Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		6
Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		35
Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		5
Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		16
Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3		42
Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3		2
Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3		3
Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3		3
Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult		33
Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult		20
Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		29
Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		28
Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3		2
Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3		2
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high High

log, scaled to Moderate expression
Treatment		Expression Level
extended cold, 4-day adult		18
cold shock, 4-day adult		13
heat shock, 4-day adult		16
Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3		3
Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		2
Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		18
Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		(46)
Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		6
Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		(35)
Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		5
Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		16
Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3		(42)
Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3		2
Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3		3
Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3		3
Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult		(33)
Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult		20
Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		29
Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		28
Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3		2
Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3		2
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high

log, scaled to High expression
Treatment		Expression Level
extended cold, 4-day adult		18
cold shock, 4-day adult		13
heat shock, 4-day adult		16
Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3		3
Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		2
Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		18
Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		46
Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		6
Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		35
Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		5
Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		16
Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3		42
Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3		2
Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3		3
Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3		3
Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult		33
Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult		20
Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		29
Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		28
Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3		2
Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3		2
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high High Very high

log, scaled to Extremely high expression
Treatment		Expression Level
extended cold, 4-day adult		18
cold shock, 4-day adult		13
heat shock, 4-day adult		16
Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3		3
Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		2
Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		18
Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		46
Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		6
Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		35
Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		5
Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		16
Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3		42
Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3		2
Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3		3
Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3		3
Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult		33
Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult		20
Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		29
Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		28
Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3		2
Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3		2
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high High Very high Extremely high

Heatmap
Treatment		Expression Level
extended cold, 4-day adult
cold shock, 4-day adult
heat shock, 4-day adult
Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3
Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3
Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult
Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult
Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3
Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult
Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3
Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult
Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3
Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3
Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3
Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3
Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult
Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult
Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult
Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult
Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3
Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3

Expression Clusters

A cluster of genes with similar mRNA expression dynamics across development.

External Data & Images

Show all FlyExpress processed images for E(Pc)

BDGP expression data

•

GH14582

FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies

•

FBgn0000581

FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array

•

S.C2R000882;CG7776-RA

FlyExpress - Embryonic expression images (BDGP data)

•

Alleles & Phenotypes

Summary of Allele Phenotypes

Lethality

Allele

lethal | pupal stage, with Scer\GAL4^pnr-MD237

E(Pc)^GD12282

lethal | recessive

partially lethal - majority die | pupal stage, with Scer\GAL4^pnr-MD237

E(Pc)^GD12282

Other Phenotypes

Allele

decreased cell number | recessive

E(Pc)¹

neuroanatomy defective | recessive

E(Pc)¹

radiation resistant | dominant

E(Pc)¹

suppressor of variegation, with In(1)w^m4

E(Pc)²

suppressor of variegation, with T(2;3)Sb^V

E(Pc)²

suppressor of variegation | dominant, with Dp(1;Y)B^SCV

suppressor of variegation | dominant, with In(1)w^m4

suppressor of variegation | dominant, with In(2R)bw^VDe2

suppressor of variegation | dominant, with T(2;3)Sb^V

visible, with Scer\GAL4^pnr-MD237

E(Pc)^GD12282

Phenotype manifest in

Allele

adult antennal lobe projection neuron DL1 adPN

E(Pc)¹

mesothoracic tergum, with Scer\GAL4^pnr-MD237

E(Pc)^GD12282

trichogen cell, with Scer\GAL4^pnr-MD237

E(Pc)^GD12282

Classical Alleles ( 12 )

For All Classical Alleles Show

Allele of E(Pc)	Class	Mutagen	Stocks	Known lesion
E(Pc)¹		ethyl methanesulfonate	5	--
E(Pc)^5-HA-1544			1	--
E(Pc)^5-HA-1575			1	--
E(Pc)^d09706		P-element activity	1	--
E(Pc)^D4			1	--
E(Pc)^EP608		P-element activity	1	--
E(Pc)^w3			1	--
E(Pc)^unspecified	amorphic allele - genetic evidence, gain of function allele		0	--
E(Pc)²		P-element activity	0	Yes
E(Pc)^rv10		Delta2-3	0	Yes
E(Pc)^rv4		Delta2-3	0	Yes
E(Pc)^rv9		Delta2-3	0	Yes

Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs ( 4 )

For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show

Allele of E(Pc)	Mutagen	Stocks	Known lesion
E(Pc)^GD12282	in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion	2	Yes
E(Pc)^GL00169	in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion	1	Yes
E(Pc)^JF03101	in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion	1	Yes
E(Pc)^NIG.7776R	in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion	0	Yes

Aneuploid Aberrations

Disrupted in

Df(2R)BSC160

(Christensen and Cook, 2006.8.29)

Df(2R)BSC231

(Christensen et al., 2008.10.20)

Df(2R)en28

(Sinclair et al., 1998, Sato et al., 1983)

Df(2R)en-A

(Sinclair et al., 1998, Sato et al., 1983, Cheng et al., 1994)

Df(2R)en-B

(Sinclair et al., 1998, Sato et al., 1983)

Df(2R)en-SFX31

(Sinclair et al., 1998, Sato et al., 1983, Soto et al., 1995)

Df(2R)wxba9x3

Df(2R)wxba9x4

Not disrupted in

Df(2R)en30

Df(2R)ix⁸⁷ⁱ³

Df(2R)wxba9x1

Partially disrupted in

Df(2R)en30

(Sato et al., 1983)

Duplicated in

Dp(2;3)CH322-140G22

(Tea and Luo, 2011, Tea and Luo, 2011)

Transgenic Constructs & Insertions

Transgenic Constructs

Type of construct

Name

Expression data

UAS construct

P{GD12282}

P{TRiP.GL00169}

P{TRiP.JF03101}

Insertions

Type of insertions

Name

Expression data

miscellaneous insertions

P{RS5}E(Pc)^5-HA-1544

P{RS5}E(Pc)^5-HA-1575

P{w^en.4}E(Pc)²

insertion of enhancer trap

P{lacW}l(2)SH0139^SH0139

insertion of mobile activating element

P{EP}E(Pc)^EP608

P{XP}E(Pc)^d09706

Gene Ontology: Function, Process & Cellular Component ( 9 unique terms )

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence ( 6 terms )

Molecular Function ( 0 terms)

Biological Process

CV term

References

chromatin organization

inferred from mutant phenotype

dendrite guidance

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Tea and Luo, 2011)

Cellular Component

CV term

histone acetyltransferase complex

References

inferred from physical interaction with pont

nucleus

inferred from direct assay

polytene chromosome

inferred from direct assay

NOT
polytene chromosome chromocenter

inferred from direct assay

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions ( 3 terms )

Molecular Function ( 0 terms)

Biological Process ( 0 terms)

Cellular Component

CV term

intercalary heterochromatin

References

chromatin

non-traceable author statement

(Stankunas, 1998.7.22)

non-traceable author statement

(Zhimulev and Belyaeva, 2003)

Piccolo NuA4 histone acetyltransferase complex

inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR024943

(FlyBase Curators et al., 2004-)

Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene

gene_with_stop_codon_read_through

(Jungreis et al., 2011)

nuclear_gene

protein_coding_gene

Interactions & Pathways

Summary of Physical Interactions

protein-protein

Interacting group

Assay

References

E(Pc) - CG8677

anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot

(Hanai et al., 2008)

E(Pc) - His2Av

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

(Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23)

Summary of Genetic Interactions

Interacts with

Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions

E(Pc) allele

Gene

References

E(Pc)¹

ash1

brm

(Lindsley and Zimm, 1992)

CycE

(Brumby et al., 2002)

E(z)

(Bajusz et al., 2001)

esc

(Lindsley and Zimm, 1992)

pho

trx

(Netter et al., 1998)

E(Pc)²

ash1

(Sinclair et al., 1998, Stankunas et al., 1998)

E(Pc)^rv4

E(Pc)^rv9

E(Pc)^rv10

(Lindsley and Zimm, 1992, Campbell et al., 1995)

E(Pc)^unspecified

(Bloyer et al., 2003)

unspecified

ara

(Netter et al., 1998)

E(Pc)a

esc

Pcl

(Lindsley and Zimm, 1992, Campbell et al., 1995)

pho

ph-p

(Fauvarque et al., 1995)

ph-PRE

(Bloyer et al., 2003)

Sce

(Campbell et al., 1995)

Scm

(Campbell et al., 1995)

External Data

y¹ v¹; P{TRiP.JF03101}attP2

BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions

•

62026

DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.

•

FBgn0000581

InterologFinder Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets.

•

36238

Orthologs

OrthoDB Orthologs (49) - based on analysis using Dmel annotation version 5.41

OrthoDB Ortholog Groups

OrthoDB orthology group searches

(Waterhouse et al., 2011, Nucleic Acids Res. 39(Database issue): D283--D288)

Drosophila inclusive ortholog search

EOG6549JB

Dipteran inclusive ortholog search

EOG6GQQDC

Insect inclusive ortholog search

EOG6X0KNH

Arthropod inclusive ortholog search

EOG64TMPX

Metazoa inclusive ortholog search

EOG6996TM

Orthologs in Drosophila Species (EOG6549JB)

Organism

Common Name

Gene

AAA Syntenic Ortholog

Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group

Drosophila melanogaster

fruit fly

Drosophila simulans

Drosophila sechellia

Drosophila erecta

Drosophila yakuba

Drosophila ananassae

Drosophila ananassae

Drosophila pseudoobscura pseudoobscura

Dpse\GA20579

Drosophila persimilis

Dper\GL11413

Drosophila willistoni

Dwil\GK22073

Drosophila virilis

Dvir\GJ20360

Drosophila mojavensis

Dmoj\GI18566

Drosophila grimshawi

Dgri\GH14197

Drosophila grimshawi

Dgri\GH21389

Orthologs in non-Drosophila Dipterans (EOG6GQQDC)

Organism

Common Name

Gene

Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group

Aedes aegypti

Yellow fever mosquito

Aaeg\AAEL012057

Anopheles gambiae

Malaria mosquito

Agam\AGAP008026

Culex quinquefasciatus

Southern house mosquito

Cqui\CPIJ010217

Orthologs in non-Dipteran Insects (EOG6X0KNH)

Organism

Common Name

Gene

Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group

Apis mellifera

Western honey bee

Amel\E(Pc)

Nasonia vitripennis

Parasitic wasp

Nvit\Nasvi2EG002875

Acromyrmex echinatior

Panamanian leafcutter ant

Aech\AECH21101

Atta cephalotes

Leafcutter ant

Acep\ACEP22279

Camponotus floridanus

Florida carpenter ant

Cflo\CFLO12870

Harpegnathos saltator

Jerdons jumping ant

Hsal\HSAL17783

Linepithema humile

Argentine ant

Lhum\LH16892

Pogonomyrmex barbatus

Red harvester ant

Pbar\PB22016

Solenopsis invicta

Red fire ant

Sinv\SINV12615

Acyrthosiphon pisum

Pea aphid

Apim\ACYPI000209

Bombyx mori

Silkmoth

Bmor\BGIBMGA009663

Pediculus humanus

Human body louse

Phum\PHUM052920

Tribolium castaneum

Red flour beetle

Tcas\TC008956

Orthologs in non-Insect Arthropods (EOG64TMPX)

Organism

Common Name

Gene

Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group

Daphnia pulex

Water flea

Dpux\JGI_V11_214661

Ixodes scapularis

Deer tick

Isca\ISCW006382

Ixodes scapularis

Deer tick

Isca\ISCW006381

Ixodes scapularis

Deer tick

Isca\ISCW006384

Orthologs in non-Arthropod Metazoa (EOG6996TM)

Organism

Common Name

Gene

Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group

Caenorhabditis elegans

Nematode

Cele\epc-1

Strongylocentrotus purpuratus

Purple sea urchin

Spur\SPU_019031gn

Danio rerio

Zebrafish

Drer\epc2

Danio rerio

Zebrafish

Drer\epc2

Danio rerio

Zebrafish

Drer\epc1

Xenopus tropicalis

Western clawed frog

Xtro\epc1

Xenopus tropicalis

Western clawed frog

Xtro\epc2

Gallus gallus

Domestic chicken

Ggal\EPC1

Gallus gallus

Domestic chicken

Ggal\EPC2

Mus musculus

House mouse

Mmus\Epc2

Mus musculus

House mouse

Mmus\ENSMUSG00000024240

Rattus norvegicus

Norway rat

Rnor\Epc2

Rattus norvegicus

Norway rat

Rnor\LOC100362678

Homo sapiens

Human

Hsap\ENSG00000120616

Homo sapiens

Human

Hsap\EPC2

Human Orthologs (2)

Gene

OMIM

HGNC

Hsap\ENSG00000120616

Hsap\EPC2

AAA Orthologs (11) based on analysis using Dmel annotation version 4.3

Organism

Gene

Drosophila simulans

Drosophila sechellia

Drosophila erecta

Drosophila yakuba

Drosophila ananassae

Drosophila pseudoobscura pseudoobscura

Dpse\GA20579

Drosophila persimilis

Dper\GL11413

Drosophila willistoni

Dwil\GK22073

Drosophila virilis

Dvir\GJ20360

Drosophila mojavensis

Dmoj\GI18566

Drosophila grimshawi

Dgri\GH21389

Stocks & Reagents

Stocks Listed in FlyBase ( 15 )

Bloomington

3142

esc⁵ E(Pc)¹/SM5

17286

w¹¹¹⁸; P{EP}E(Pc)^EP608

3056

cn¹ E(Pc)¹ bw¹/SM5

28686

9396

y¹ w^67c23; E(Pc)^w3/CyO

106875

106808

125251

w¹¹¹⁸; P{RS5}E(Pc)^5-HA-1544

125268

w¹¹¹⁸; P{RS5}E(Pc)^5-HA-1575

VDRC

v35268

w¹¹¹⁸; P{GD12282}v35268

v35271

w¹¹¹⁸; P{GD12282}v35271/CyO

More stocks available...

Genomic Clones ( 1 )

BACR09A11

Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete

cDNA Clones ( 81 )

Please Note

This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see GBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

cDNA Clones, Fully Sequenced

BDGP DGC clones

Other clones

cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)

BDGP DGC clones

Other clones

RNAi & Array Information

DRSC - Results from RNAi screens.

•

FBgn0000581

GenomeRNAi - GenomeRNAi – A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents

•

36238

Antibody Information

polyclonal

Other Information

Discoverer

Etymology

Identification

Relationship to Other Genes

Source for database identity of

Source for database merge of

Additional comments

Other Comments

Mutations in E(Pc) suppress position effect variegation.

(Gindhart and Kaufman, 1995)

Genetic interactions have been demonstrated between esc, Asx, E(Pc), Pcl, E(z) and sxc. Most duplications of Pc-group genes neither exhibit anterior transformations nor suppress the extra sex comb phenotype of Pc-group mutations, suggesting that not all Pc-group genes behave as predicted by the mass action model.

(Campbell et al., 1995)

Sections of the Scr regulatory region may be important for regulation of Scr by Polycomb- and trithorax-group genes.

Mosaic and expression pattern analysis reveals that the Pc-group genes do not act only in a common complex or pathway: they must have some independent functions.

(Soto et al., 1995)

Embryos mutant for two or more Pc group genes (Pc, Scm, Pcl, Psc, Asx, E(Pc), E(z), ph-d, pho and esc) show strong ectopic en expression, but only weak derepression occurs if embryo is mutant at only one of the Pc group genes. This effect is independent of the function of en itself, and wg.

(Moazed and O'Farrell, 1992)

Transcription unit defined during molecular analysis of the en-inv gene region.

(Klebes et al., 2005, Kusch et al., 2004, Perkins et al., 2009, Ni et al., 2011.7.19)

External Crossreferences & Linkouts

Sequence Crossreferences

RefSeq (Transcripts)

•

RefSeq (Proteins)

•

DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank

•

Entrez Gene - A searchable database of RefSeq genes.

•

36238

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

•

Other Crossreferences

InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites

•

Enhancer of polycomb-like, N-terminal (IPR019542)

Enhancer of polycomb protein (IPR024943)

BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis

•

GH14582

Linkouts

BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions

•

62026

DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.

•

FBgn0000581

DRSC - Results from RNAi screens.

•

FBgn0000581

FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies

•

FBgn0000581

FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array

•

S.C2R000882;CG7776-RA

FlyMine - Integrated genomics database for Drosophila, Anopheles, and C.elegans

•

FBgn0000581

GenomeRNAi - GenomeRNAi – A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents

•

36238

Interactive Fly - A cyberspace guide to Drosophila development and metazoan evolution

•

/polycomb/enhrpc1.htm

InterologFinder Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets.

•

36238

modMine - Data generated by the modENCODE project.

•

FBgn0000581

Synonyms & Secondary IDs ( 13 )

Reported As

Symbol Synonym

anon-48Ac

CG7776

e(Pc)

(Kassis, 1994, Smulders-Srinivasan et al., 2010)

E(PC)

(Schwartz and Pirrotta, 2007)

e(pc)

(Smibert et al., 2012)

GH05739

(Herold et al., 2003)

GH14582

(Herold et al., 2003)

III

(Owusu-Ansah and Banerjee, 2009)

l(2)28-28-12

Name Synonym

Enhancer of Polycomb

(Ali and Bender, 2004, Balasov, 2002)

Enhancer of polycomb

transcript group III