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Gene Dmel\png

General Information
Symbol	Dmel\png	Species	D. melanogaster
Name	pan gu	Annotation symbol	CG11420
Feature type	protein_coding_gene	FlyBase ID	FBgn0000826
Gene Model Status	Current	Stock availability	3 publicly available
Also Known As	EG:8D8.5, fs(1)M2
Genomic Location
Chromosome (arm)	X	Recombination map
Cytogenetic map	1F4-1F4	Sequence location	X:1,250,521..1,251,646 [-]
Genomic Maps Select View:Gene Models/EvidenceExpression/RegulationMegaViewGene Disruptions, Stocks and Reagents modENCODE GBrowse	Decorated FastA GenBankGFF Gene region Extended Gene region CDSIntronsExonsTranslationsTranscripts3' UTR5' UTR
Summary Information
Automatically generated summary See sections below for more information	The gene pan gu is referred to in FlyBase by the symbol Dmel\png (CG11420, FBgn0000826). It is a protein_coding_gene from Drosophila melanogaster. Based on sequence similarity, it is predicted to have molecular function: protein serine/threonine kinase activity. There is experimental evidence that it is involved in the biological process: egg activation. 21 alleles are reported. The phenotypes of these alleles are annotated with: pronucleus; polar body nucleus; nuclear chromosome; nucleus; annulate lamellae. It has one annotated transcript and one annotated polypeptide. Protein features are: Protein kinase, catalytic domain; Protein kinase-like domain; Serine/threonine-protein kinase, active site; Serine/threonine-protein kinase-like domain. Summary of modENCODE Temporal Expression Profile: Temporal profile ranges from a peak of high expression to a trough of very low expression. Peak expression observed within 00-06 hour embryonic stages, in adult female stages. Summary of FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data: Expression at moderate levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult ovary. Comments on Affy2 ProbeSet: ProbeSet 1638329_at completely aligns to an exonic region of the only FlyBase-annotated transcript isoform of png. Gene sequence location is X:1250521..1251646.
External Summaries
Recent Updates
Description	What does this section display? This section contains items that were added to this record for each release. It currently only tracks new links between this FlyBase report and other FlyBase data classes (e.g. genes, references, stocks) or controlled vocabulary terms (e.g. GO, anatomy terms). What does this section not display? This section does not currently display links that were removed or gene model changes.
Update Feed	Click the icon below to subscribe to this FlyBase record and receive updates automatically through your feed reader.
FB2012_01	Sequence features BKN51029 HFA18582 BKN50210 BKN30466 References Thomsen et al., 2010, Genome Biol. 11(9): R93
FB2011_10
All updates	Click here to see a list of all updates to this record from FB2010_08 and on.
Detailed Mapping Data
FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Evidence for location 1F4-1F4   Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{EP}EP1542 and P{EP}futschEP1419
Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Notes References 1F-2A     (Fenger, 2000.9.18)
Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
Location
Left of (cM)
Right of (cM)
Notes
Gene Model & Products
Please see the GBrowse view of Dmel\png for information on other features To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form
Comments on Gene Model
Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name FlyBase ID RefSeq ID Length (nt) Associated CDS (aa) png-RA FBtr0070234  NM_058144   1126   291
Additional Transcript Data & Comments
Reported size (kB)	1.3 (northern blot) (Fenger et al., 2000)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name FlyBase ID Predicted MW (kDa) Length (aa) Theoretical pI RefSeq ID GenBank protein png-PA   FBpp0070225   33.1   291   8.28     NP_477492   AAF45611
Additional Polypeptide Data & Comments
Reported size (kDa)	291 (aa); 33 (kD predicted) (Fenger et al., 2000)
Comments
External Data
Linkouts
Crossreferences	InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites • Protein kinase, catalytic domain (IPR000719) Serine/threonine-protein kinase, active site (IPR008271) Protein kinase-like domain (IPR011009) Serine/threonine-protein kinase-like domain (IPR017442)
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank	DNA sequence Protein sequence Name AE014298 AAF45611   AF306498 AAG28782   AY071017 AAL48639   BF492267   BI165891   BI168688   BI355972   CZ484873   EC052020   EC052539   EC054030   GH739639   GH739783   GH739871   GH740809   GH740961   GH741521   GH742152   GH743402   GH743725   GH744795   GH745612   GH745777   GH745797   GH746327   GH746634   GH761435   GH761943   GH762044   GH762715   GH763369   GH765205   GH765574   GH767439   GH767446   GH768726   GH769343   GH769478   GH769747
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
UniProtKB/TrEMBL	O46308 Q8SZA4
Mapped Features
Mapped Features have been reorganized, please see this article for details. Additional mapped features and mutations can be found on GBrowse or related reports. Type Symbol & Location Additional Notes References
External Data
Linkouts
Crossreferences
Expression Data
Transcript Expression
in situ Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference embryonic stage 1 -- 6     (Fenger et al., 2000) Comment:reference states 0-3 hr AEL adult stage | female     (Fenger et al., 2000)
Additional Descriptive Data
	Expression is detected predominantly in adult females and 0-3 hr embryos. Expression is barely detectable in 3-6 hr embryos. Expression is also detected in the Schneider L2 embryonic cell line. (Fenger et al., 2000)
Marker for
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Notes
Polypeptide Expression
immunolocalization Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference embryonic stage 1 -- 15     (Fenger et al., 2000) Comment:reference states 0-12 hr AEL unfertilized egg stage   unfertilized egg   (Fenger et al., 2000)
Additional Descriptive Data
	png protein is expressed at high levels in unfertilized eggs and 0-2 hr embryos. Low levels of expression are detected in 6-12 hr embryos. No expression is detected in larval salivary glands, larval brains or imaginal discs. (Fenger et al., 2000)
Marker for
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Notes
High-Throughput Expression Data
or
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2010.10.13 for analysis details and data files for all genes. modENCODE Temporal Expression Data for FBgn0000826    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales max expr for FBgn0000826 Very low expression bin max Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max Summary of modENCODE Temporal Expression Profile: Temporal profile ranges from a peak of high expression to a trough of very low expression. Peak expression observed within 00-06 hour embryonic stages, in adult female stages. [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No expression (0 - 0)   Extremely low expression (1 - 10)   Very low expression (11 - 100)   Low expression (101 - 400)   Moderate expression (401 - 1400)   Moderately high expression (1401 - 4000)   High expression (4001 - 10000)   Very high expression (10001 - 100000)   Extremely high expression (100001 - 2000000) Linear, scaled to maximum FBgn0000826 expression level Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    8782 embryo 02-04hr    785 embryo 04-06hr    290 embryo 06-08hr    147 embryo 08-10hr    133 embryo 10-12hr    60 embryo 12-14hr    46 embryo 14-16hr    76 embryo 16-18hr    26 embryo 18-20hr    34 embryo 20-22hr    19 embryo 22-24hr    27 larva L1    18 larva L2    13 larva L3 12hr old    13 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    13 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    13 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    16 white prepupae new    32 white prepupae 12hr    36 white prepupae 24hr    45 pupae 2d postWPP    21 pupae 3d postWPP    27 pupae 4d postWPP    93 adult male 01day    30 adult male 05day    45 adult male 30day    62 adult female 01day    2493 adult female 05day    4202 adult female 30day    4952 Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High  Linear, scaled to Very low expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr  (8782) embryo 02-04hr  (785) embryo 04-06hr  (290) embryo 06-08hr  (147) embryo 08-10hr  (133) embryo 10-12hr    60 embryo 12-14hr    46 embryo 14-16hr    76 embryo 16-18hr    26 embryo 18-20hr    34 embryo 20-22hr    19 embryo 22-24hr    27 larva L1    18 larva L2    13 larva L3 12hr old    13 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    13 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    13 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    16 white prepupae new    32 white prepupae 12hr    36 white prepupae 24hr    45 pupae 2d postWPP    21 pupae 3d postWPP    27 pupae 4d postWPP    93 adult male 01day    30 adult male 05day    45 adult male 30day    62 adult female 01day  (2493) adult female 05day  (4202) adult female 30day  (4952) Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr  (8782) embryo 02-04hr    785 embryo 04-06hr    290 embryo 06-08hr    147 embryo 08-10hr    133 embryo 10-12hr    60 embryo 12-14hr    46 embryo 14-16hr    76 embryo 16-18hr    26 embryo 18-20hr    34 embryo 20-22hr    19 embryo 22-24hr    27 larva L1    18 larva L2    13 larva L3 12hr old    13 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    13 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    13 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    16 white prepupae new    32 white prepupae 12hr    36 white prepupae 24hr    45 pupae 2d postWPP    21 pupae 3d postWPP    27 pupae 4d postWPP    93 adult male 01day    30 adult male 05day    45 adult male 30day    62 adult female 01day  (2493) adult female 05day  (4202) adult female 30day  (4952) Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    8782 embryo 02-04hr    785 embryo 04-06hr    290 embryo 06-08hr    147 embryo 08-10hr    133 embryo 10-12hr    60 embryo 12-14hr    46 embryo 14-16hr    76 embryo 16-18hr    26 embryo 18-20hr    34 embryo 20-22hr    19 embryo 22-24hr    27 larva L1    18 larva L2    13 larva L3 12hr old    13 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    13 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    13 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    16 white prepupae new    32 white prepupae 12hr    36 white prepupae 24hr    45 pupae 2d postWPP    21 pupae 3d postWPP    27 pupae 4d postWPP    93 adult male 01day    30 adult male 05day    45 adult male 30day    62 adult female 01day    2493 adult female 05day    4202 adult female 30day    4952 Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    8782 embryo 02-04hr    785 embryo 04-06hr    290 embryo 06-08hr    147 embryo 08-10hr    133 embryo 10-12hr    60 embryo 12-14hr    46 embryo 14-16hr    76 embryo 16-18hr    26 embryo 18-20hr    34 embryo 20-22hr    19 embryo 22-24hr    27 larva L1    18 larva L2    13 larva L3 12hr old    13 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    13 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    13 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    16 white prepupae new    32 white prepupae 12hr    36 white prepupae 24hr    45 pupae 2d postWPP    21 pupae 3d postWPP    27 pupae 4d postWPP    93 adult male 01day    30 adult male 05day    45 adult male 30day    62 adult female 01day    2493 adult female 05day    4202 adult female 30day    4952 Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum FBgn0000826 expression level Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    8782 embryo 02-04hr    785 embryo 04-06hr    290 embryo 06-08hr    147 embryo 08-10hr    133 embryo 10-12hr    60 embryo 12-14hr    46 embryo 14-16hr    76 embryo 16-18hr    26 embryo 18-20hr    34 embryo 20-22hr    19 embryo 22-24hr    27 larva L1    18 larva L2    13 larva L3 12hr old    13 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    13 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    13 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    16 white prepupae new    32 white prepupae 12hr    36 white prepupae 24hr    45 pupae 2d postWPP    21 pupae 3d postWPP    27 pupae 4d postWPP    93 adult male 01day    30 adult male 05day    45 adult male 30day    62 adult female 01day    2493 adult female 05day    4202 adult female 30day    4952 Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Very low expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr  (8782) embryo 02-04hr  (785) embryo 04-06hr  (290) embryo 06-08hr  (147) embryo 08-10hr  133 embryo 10-12hr    60 embryo 12-14hr    46 embryo 14-16hr    76 embryo 16-18hr    26 embryo 18-20hr    34 embryo 20-22hr    19 embryo 22-24hr    27 larva L1    18 larva L2    13 larva L3 12hr old    13 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    13 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    13 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    16 white prepupae new    32 white prepupae 12hr    36 white prepupae 24hr    45 pupae 2d postWPP    21 pupae 3d postWPP    27 pupae 4d postWPP    93 adult male 01day    30 adult male 05day    45 adult male 30day    62 adult female 01day  (2493) adult female 05day  (4202) adult female 30day  (4952) Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low  log, scaled to Moderate expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr  (8782) embryo 02-04hr    785 embryo 04-06hr    290 embryo 06-08hr    147 embryo 08-10hr    133 embryo 10-12hr    60 embryo 12-14hr    46 embryo 14-16hr    76 embryo 16-18hr    26 embryo 18-20hr    34 embryo 20-22hr    19 embryo 22-24hr    27 larva L1    18 larva L2    13 larva L3 12hr old    13 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    13 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    13 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    16 white prepupae new    32 white prepupae 12hr    36 white prepupae 24hr    45 pupae 2d postWPP    21 pupae 3d postWPP    27 pupae 4d postWPP    93 adult male 01day    30 adult male 05day    45 adult male 30day    62 adult female 01day  (2493) adult female 05day  (4202) adult female 30day  (4952) Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    8782 embryo 02-04hr    785 embryo 04-06hr    290 embryo 06-08hr    147 embryo 08-10hr    133 embryo 10-12hr    60 embryo 12-14hr    46 embryo 14-16hr    76 embryo 16-18hr    26 embryo 18-20hr    34 embryo 20-22hr    19 embryo 22-24hr    27 larva L1    18 larva L2    13 larva L3 12hr old    13 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    13 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    13 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    16 white prepupae new    32 white prepupae 12hr    36 white prepupae 24hr    45 pupae 2d postWPP    21 pupae 3d postWPP    27 pupae 4d postWPP    93 adult male 01day    30 adult male 05day    45 adult male 30day    62 adult female 01day    2493 adult female 05day    4202 adult female 30day    4952 Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    8782 embryo 02-04hr    785 embryo 04-06hr    290 embryo 06-08hr    147 embryo 08-10hr    133 embryo 10-12hr    60 embryo 12-14hr    46 embryo 14-16hr    76 embryo 16-18hr    26 embryo 18-20hr    34 embryo 20-22hr    19 embryo 22-24hr    27 larva L1    18 larva L2    13 larva L3 12hr old    13 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    13 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    13 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    16 white prepupae new    32 white prepupae 12hr    36 white prepupae 24hr    45 pupae 2d postWPP    21 pupae 3d postWPP    27 pupae 4d postWPP    93 adult male 01day    30 adult male 05day    45 adult male 30day    62 adult female 01day    2493 adult female 05day    4202 adult female 30day    4952 Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr     embryo 02-04hr     embryo 04-06hr     embryo 06-08hr     embryo 08-10hr     embryo 10-12hr     embryo 12-14hr     embryo 14-16hr     embryo 16-18hr     embryo 18-20hr     embryo 20-22hr     embryo 22-24hr     larva L1     larva L2     larva L3 12hr old     larva L3 puffstage 1-2     larva L3 puffstage 3-6     larva L3 puffstage 7-9     white prepupae new     white prepupae 12hr     white prepupae 24hr     pupae 2d postWPP     pupae 3d postWPP     pupae 4d postWPP     adult male 01day     adult male 05day     adult male 30day     adult female 01day     adult female 05day     adult female 30day     FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data for FBgn0000826    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap Back-to-back    Scales max expr for FBgn0000826 Moderate expression bin max High level expression bin max Very high expression bin max Summary of FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data: Expression at moderate levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult ovary. [download data (TSV)] Guide to FlyAtlas expression level colors   No expression (0 - 9.999)   Low expression (10 - 99.999)   Moderate expression (100 - 499.999)   High level expression (500 - 999.999)   Very high expression (1000 - 25000) Linear, scaled to maximum FBgn0000826 expression level Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    10.65 Larval Midgut    8.8 Larval Hindgut    9.5 Larval Malpighian Tubules    3.2 Larval Fat Body    2.8 Larval Salivary Gland    4.3 Larval Trachea no informative data Larval Carcass    8.6 Adult Head    3.7 Adult Eye    2.775 Adult Brain    3.3 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    1.7 Adult Crop    6.6 Adult Midgut    4.8 Adult Hindgut    7.6 Adult Malpighian Tubules no informative data Adult Fat Body    3.8 Adult Salivary Gland no informative data Adult Heart    3.175 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    1.3 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    2.9 Adult Ovary    265.9 Adult Testis    3.1 Adult Male Accessory Gland    6.1 Adult Carcass    9.3 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    10.65 Larval Midgut    8.8 Larval Hindgut    9.5 Larval Malpighian Tubules    3.2 Larval Fat Body    2.8 Larval Salivary Gland    4.3 Larval Trachea no informative data Larval Carcass    8.6 Adult Head    3.7 Adult Eye    2.775 Adult Brain    3.3 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    1.7 Adult Crop    6.6 Adult Midgut    4.8 Adult Hindgut    7.6 Adult Malpighian Tubules no informative data Adult Fat Body    3.8 Adult Salivary Gland no informative data Adult Heart    3.175 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    1.3 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    2.9 Adult Ovary    265.9 Adult Testis    3.1 Adult Male Accessory Gland    6.1 Adult Carcass    9.3 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High  Linear, scaled to High level expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    10.65 Larval Midgut    8.8 Larval Hindgut    9.5 Larval Malpighian Tubules    3.2 Larval Fat Body    2.8 Larval Salivary Gland    4.3 Larval Trachea no informative data Larval Carcass    8.6 Adult Head    3.7 Adult Eye    2.775 Adult Brain    3.3 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    1.7 Adult Crop    6.6 Adult Midgut    4.8 Adult Hindgut    7.6 Adult Malpighian Tubules no informative data Adult Fat Body    3.8 Adult Salivary Gland no informative data Adult Heart    3.175 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    1.3 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    2.9 Adult Ovary    265.9 Adult Testis    3.1 Adult Male Accessory Gland    6.1 Adult Carcass    9.3 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Very high expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    10.65 Larval Midgut    8.8 Larval Hindgut    9.5 Larval Malpighian Tubules    3.2 Larval Fat Body    2.8 Larval Salivary Gland    4.3 Larval Trachea no informative data Larval Carcass    8.6 Adult Head    3.7 Adult Eye    2.775 Adult Brain    3.3 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    1.7 Adult Crop    6.6 Adult Midgut    4.8 Adult Hindgut    7.6 Adult Malpighian Tubules no informative data Adult Fat Body    3.8 Adult Salivary Gland no informative data Adult Heart    3.175 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    1.3 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    2.9 Adult Ovary    265.9 Adult Testis    3.1 Adult Male Accessory Gland    6.1 Adult Carcass    9.3 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  log, scaled to maximum FBgn0000826 expression level Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    10.65 Larval Midgut    8.8 Larval Hindgut    9.5 Larval Malpighian Tubules    3.2 Larval Fat Body    2.8 Larval Salivary Gland    4.3 Larval Trachea no informative data Larval Carcass    8.6 Adult Head    3.7 Adult Eye    2.775 Adult Brain    3.3 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    1.7 Adult Crop    6.6 Adult Midgut    4.8 Adult Hindgut    7.6 Adult Malpighian Tubules no informative data Adult Fat Body    3.8 Adult Salivary Gland no informative data Adult Heart    3.175 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    1.3 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    2.9 Adult Ovary    265.9 Adult Testis    3.1 Adult Male Accessory Gland    6.1 Adult Carcass    9.3 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate  log, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    10.65 Larval Midgut    8.8 Larval Hindgut    9.5 Larval Malpighian Tubules    3.2 Larval Fat Body    2.8 Larval Salivary Gland    4.3 Larval Trachea no informative data Larval Carcass    8.6 Adult Head    3.7 Adult Eye    2.775 Adult Brain    3.3 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    1.7 Adult Crop    6.6 Adult Midgut    4.8 Adult Hindgut    7.6 Adult Malpighian Tubules no informative data Adult Fat Body    3.8 Adult Salivary Gland no informative data Adult Heart    3.175 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    1.3 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    2.9 Adult Ovary    265.9 Adult Testis    3.1 Adult Male Accessory Gland    6.1 Adult Carcass    9.3 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High  log, scaled to High level expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    10.65 Larval Midgut    8.8 Larval Hindgut    9.5 Larval Malpighian Tubules    3.2 Larval Fat Body    2.8 Larval Salivary Gland    4.3 Larval Trachea no informative data Larval Carcass    8.6 Adult Head    3.7 Adult Eye    2.775 Adult Brain    3.3 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    1.7 Adult Crop    6.6 Adult Midgut    4.8 Adult Hindgut    7.6 Adult Malpighian Tubules no informative data Adult Fat Body    3.8 Adult Salivary Gland no informative data Adult Heart    3.175 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    1.3 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    2.9 Adult Ovary    265.9 Adult Testis    3.1 Adult Male Accessory Gland    6.1 Adult Carcass    9.3 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  log, scaled to Very high expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    10.65 Larval Midgut    8.8 Larval Hindgut    9.5 Larval Malpighian Tubules    3.2 Larval Fat Body    2.8 Larval Salivary Gland    4.3 Larval Trachea no informative data Larval Carcass    8.6 Adult Head    3.7 Adult Eye    2.775 Adult Brain    3.3 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    1.7 Adult Crop    6.6 Adult Midgut    4.8 Adult Hindgut    7.6 Adult Malpighian Tubules no informative data Adult Fat Body    3.8 Adult Salivary Gland no informative data Adult Heart    3.175 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    1.3 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    2.9 Adult Ovary    265.9 Adult Testis    3.1 Adult Male Accessory Gland    6.1 Adult Carcass    9.3 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  Heatmap Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System     Larval Midgut     Larval Hindgut     Larval Malpighian Tubules     Larval Fat Body     Larval Salivary Gland     Larval Trachea no informative data Larval Carcass     Adult Head     Adult Eye     Adult Brain     Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion     Adult Crop     Adult Midgut     Adult Hindgut     Adult Malpighian Tubules no informative data Adult Fat Body     Adult Salivary Gland no informative data Adult Heart     Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca     Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca     Adult Ovary     Adult Testis     Adult Male Accessory Gland     Adult Carcass     FlyAtlas Organ/Tissue Expression, larval vs. adult Larval Expression Level Tissue Adult Expression Level   NA  Head    3.7   NA  Eye    2.775   NA  Brain    3.3   10.65  Central Nervous System    NA   NA  Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    1.7   NA  Crop    6.6   8.8  Midgut    4.8   9.5  Hindgut    7.6   3.2  Malpighian Tubules    no informative data   2.8  Fat Body    3.8   4.3  Salivary Gland    no informative data   NA  Heart    3.175   no informative data  Trachea    NA   NA  VirginFemale Spermatheca    1.3   NA  InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    2.9   NA  Ovary    265.9   NA  Testis    3.1   NA  Male Accessory Gland    6.1   8.6  Carcass    9.3 modENCODE Temporal Expression Data (Graveley et al., 2011) FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data (Chintapalli et al., 2007)
Expression Clusters
	A cluster of genes with similar mRNA expression dynamics across development. (The modENCODE Consortium, 2010) mE2_34_mRNA_expression_cluster_13
External Data & Images
Linkouts	FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies • FBgn0000826 FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array • CG11420-RA
Alleles & Phenotypes
Summary of Allele Phenotypes
Lethality Allele lethal | maternal effect png48 png50 png158 png172 png246 png1058 png1920 png2786 png3318 viable pngf02367 viable, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237 pngGD7298 Sterility Allele female sterile png50 png158 png171a png172 png246 png1058 png1920 png2786 png3318 fertile pngf02367 Other Phenotypes Allele meiotic cell cycle defective png1058 mitotic cell cycle defective | maternal effect png1058 mitotic cell cycle defective | maternal effect (with png1058) png3318 mitotic cell cycle defective | maternal effect (with png3318) png1058 wild-type png+t1.7 png+t13 png+t14 png+t39 pnghs.T:Hsap\MYC Phenotype manifest in Allele annulate lamellae png172 egg & nucleus png1058 nuclear chromosome png158 png3318 png1920 png2786 png1058 nucleus png158 png3318 png1920 png2786 png1058 nucleus & unfertilized egg png3318 nucleus | blastoderm stage | maternal effect png3318 nucleus | embryonic stage png3318 polar body nucleus png3318 pronucleus png1058
Classical Alleles ( 12 )
For All Classical Alleles Show
Allele of png Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion pngf02367 piggyBac transposase 2 -- png1058 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 Yes png158 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 Yes png171a ethyl methanesulfonate 0 Yes png172 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 Yes png1920 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 Yes png246 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 Yes png2786 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 Yes png3318 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 Yes png48 0 -- png50 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 Yes pngunspecified 0 --
Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs ( 9 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Allele of png Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion pngGD7298 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 1 Yes png+t1.7 in vitro construct - genomic fragment 0 Yes png+t13 in vitro construct - genomic fragment 0 Yes png+t14 in vitro construct - genomic fragment 0 Yes png+t39 in vitro construct - genomic fragment 0 Yes pngbcd.5'UTR.3'UTR in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes pngGMR.PF in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes pnghs.PF in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes pnghs.T:Hsap\MYC in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - coding region fusion 0 Yes
Aneuploid Aberrations
Disrupted in	Df(1)Exel6227 (Ryder, 2004.4.26) Df(1)png358H (Fenger et al., 2000)
Duplicated in	Dp(1;f)101 (Fenger et al., 2000)
Not duplicated in	Dp(1;3)E1 (Fenger et al., 2000)
Transgenic Constructs & Insertions
Transgenic Constructs
	Type of construct Name Expression data heat-shock construct P{hs-png.F} NA P{hs-png.Myc} NA UAS construct P{GD7298} NA characterization construct P{bcd5'UTR-png-bcd3'UTR} NA P{GMR-png.F} NA P{png+t1.7} NA P{png+t13} NA P{png+t14} NA P{png+t39} NA
Insertions
	Type of insertions Name Expression data miscellaneous insertions PBac{WH}pngf02367 NA
Gene Ontology: Function, Process & Cellular Component ( 6 unique terms )
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence ( 1 term )
Molecular Function ( 0 terms)
Biological Process
CV term Evidence References
egg activation inferred from mutant phenotype (Tadros et al., 2003)
Cellular Component ( 0 terms)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions ( 5 terms )
Molecular Function
CV term Evidence References
ATP binding inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR000719 (FlyBase Curators et al., 2004-) protein serine/threonine kinase activity inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR008271 (FlyBase Curators et al., 2004-) inferred from sequence or structural similarity (EDGP Project Members, 1994-, Orr-Weaver et al., 2000, Swiss-Prot Project Members, 1998.6.1) traceable author statement (Lee and Orr-Weaver, 2003)
Biological Process
CV term Evidence References
mitotic cell cycle non-traceable author statement (Fenger, 2000.9.18) protein phosphorylation inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR000719, InterPro:IPR008271 (FlyBase Curators et al., 2004-) inferred from sequence or structural similarity (Swiss-Prot Project Members, 1998.6.1) regulation of mitotic cell cycle traceable author statement (Lee and Orr-Weaver, 2003)
Cellular Component ( 0 terms)
Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene
	nuclear_gene   protein_coding_gene
Interactions & Pathways
Summary of Physical Interactions
Protein-protein
Interacting group Assay References
Summary of Genetic Interactions
Interacts with	Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions png allele Gene References png2 CycB (Lee et al., 2001) CycB3 (Lee et al., 2001) CycE (Lee et al., 2001) dap (Lee et al., 2001) eIF-5A (Lee et al., 2001) mts (Lee et al., 2001) Pp1-87B (Lee et al., 2001) png5 CycB (Lee et al., 2001) CycB3 (Lee et al., 2001) CycE (Lee et al., 2001) dap (Lee et al., 2001) eIF-5A (Lee et al., 2001) gnu (Renault et al., 2003) mts (Lee et al., 2001) Pp1-87B (Lee et al., 2001) pngunspecified l(2)10481 (Lee et al., 2001) unspecified gnu (Shamanski and Orr-Weaver, 1991) plu (Shamanski and Orr-Weaver, 1991)
External Data
Linkouts	BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions • 57644 DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions. • FBgn0000826 InterologFinder Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets. • 31084
Orthologs
Genome-wide drosophilid orthologs	Dana\GF21264 Dere\GG12703 Dgri\GH11900 Dmoj\GI15631 Dper\GL14384 Dpse\GA10994 Dsim\GD16426 Dvir\GJ15228 Dwil\GK16236 Dyak\GE16532
Curated drosophilid orthologs	Dpse\GA10994
Linkouts	InParanoid A subset of ortholog calls from InParanoid. • AAEL012659-PA Aedes aegypti (mosquito) AGAP007669-PA Anopheles gambiae (mosquito) CPIJ000187 Culex pipens (mosquito) 144675 Lottia gigantea (owl limpet) 72758 Phytophthora ramorum (sudden oak death pathogen) OrthoDB (Arthropod subset) The hierarchical catalog of eukaryotic orthologs. • FBgn0234047 FBgn0218238 FBgn0202424 FBgn0188042 FBgn0173883 FBgn0173882 FBgn0071050 FBgn0151989 FBgn0138380 FBgn0119379 FBgn0104990 FBgn0098266 CPIJ000187 AGAP007669 AAEL012659
Stocks & Reagents
Stocks Listed in FlyBase ( 3 )
Bloomington	18547 PBac{WH}pngf02367 w1118
Harvard	- PBac{WH}pngf02367
VDRC	v31500 w1118; P{GD7298}v31500
Genomic Clones ( 2 )
	BACR09H15 BACR30G24 Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete
cDNA Clones ( 35 )
	Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see GBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.
cDNA Clones, Fully Sequenced
BDGP DGC clones	RE09533
Other clones
cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
BDGP DGC clones	AT29174 RE05882 RE37043
Other clones	EC052020 EC052539 EC054030 RP01213 RP001002788 RP001006123 RP001006279 RP001016070 RP001019052 RP001020631 RP001020989 RP001025529 RP001025749 RP001025932 RP001026922 RP001029029 RP001030478 RP001031540 RP001032025 RP001034762 RP001037506 RP001037774 RP001040937 RP001041606 RP001046897 RP001047053 RP001048234 RP001048447 RP001048797 RP001052448 RP001053209
RNAi & Array Information
Linkouts	DRSC - Results from RNAi screens. • FBgn0000826 GenomeRNAi - GenomeRNAi – A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents • 31084
Antibody Information
	polyclonal (Fenger et al., 2000)
Other Information
Discoverer
Etymology
Identification
Relationship to Other Genes
Source for database identity of
Source for database merge of	Source for merge of: png EG:8D8.5 (FlyBase, 1996-)
Additional comments	Source for merge of png EG:8D8.5 was sequence comparison (date:001108). (FlyBase, 1996-)
Other Comments
	dsRNA made from templates generated with primers directed against this gene tested in RNAi screen for effects on Kc167 and S2R+ cell morphology. (Kiger et al., 2003) png+ function is required for the presence of plu protein. (Elfring et al., 1997) Mutations in png cause inappropriate DNA replication in unfertilised eggs, eggs have giant polyploid nuclei. This phenotype suggests that png is required to repress DNA replication before fertilisation. and the gene plays a role in coordinating S phase and nuclear division. (Fenger et al., 1995) Wild type png function is required to maintain repression of DNA replication until fertilisation. pngmay also play a direct role in coupling S phase and mitosis during the early cleavage divisions. (Shamanski and Orr-Weaver, 1991)
External Crossreferences & Linkouts
Sequence Crossreferences
	RefSeq (Transcripts) • NM_058144 RefSeq (Proteins) • NP_477492 DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank • AAF45611 AAG28782 AAL48639 AF306498 AL022018 AL023893 AY071017 BI168688 CZ484873 Entrez Gene - A searchable database of RefSeq genes. • 31084 UniProtKB/TrEMBL • O46308 Q8SZA4
Other Crossreferences
	InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites • Protein kinase, catalytic domain (IPR000719) Serine/threonine-protein kinase, active site (IPR008271) Protein kinase-like domain (IPR011009) Serine/threonine-protein kinase-like domain (IPR017442)
Linkouts
	BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions • 57644 DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions. • FBgn0000826 DRSC - Results from RNAi screens. • FBgn0000826 FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies • FBgn0000826 FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array • CG11420-RA FlyMine - Integrated genomics database for Drosophila, Anopheles, and C.elegans • FBgn0000826 GenomeRNAi - GenomeRNAi – A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents • 31084 InParanoid A subset of ortholog calls from InParanoid. • AAEL012659-PA Aedes aegypti (mosquito) AGAP007669-PA Anopheles gambiae (mosquito) CPIJ000187 Culex pipens (mosquito) 144675 Lottia gigantea (owl limpet) 72758 Phytophthora ramorum (sudden oak death pathogen) Interactive Fly - A cyberspace guide to Drosophila development and metazoan evolution • /newgene/pangu1.htm InterologFinder Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets. • 31084 modMine - Data generated by the modENCODE project. • FBgn0000826 OrthoDB (Arthropod subset) The hierarchical catalog of eukaryotic orthologs. • FBgn0234047 FBgn0218238 FBgn0202424 FBgn0188042 FBgn0173883 FBgn0173882 FBgn0071050 FBgn0151989 FBgn0138380 FBgn0119379 FBgn0104990 FBgn0098266 CPIJ000187 AGAP007669 AAEL012659
Synonyms & Secondary IDs ( 9 )
Reported As
Symbol Synonym	CG11420 (Benos, 2000.12.13, Morrison et al., 2000, ) EG:8D8.5 (Benos et al., 2001, Benos, 2000.12.13, ) fs(1)M2 (Grossniklaus et al., 1989, Mohler and Carroll, 1984, ) pan-gnu   Png (Zhang et al., 2001, Tadros et al., 2007) PNG (Lee et al., 2001, Janic et al., 2010) png (Lee et al., 2005, Orr-Weaver, 2008.5.5, Onischenko et al., 2005, Georlette et al., 2007, Tadros et al., 2007, Vardy and Orr-Weaver, 2007, Vardy et al., 2009, Lerit and Gavis, 2011, Thomsen et al., 2010)
Name Synonym	pan gu (Stitzel and Seydoux, 2007, Lerit and Gavis, 2011) Pan gu (Tadros et al., 2007, Janic et al., 2010)
Secondary FlyBase IDs
	FBgn0024363
References ( 72 )
Generate a list of	All references relating to this gene ( 72 )
List References by type	Research paper  ( 22 ) Supplementary material  ( 5 ) Review  ( 5 ) Personal communication to FlyBase  ( 6 ) Abstract  ( 21 ) FlyBase analysis  ( 2 ) DNA/RNA sequence record  ( 1 ) Computer file  ( 4 ) Protein sequence record  ( 1 ) Book  ( 1 ) Thesis  ( 1 ) Automatic genome annotation  ( 1 ) Curated genome annotation  ( 1 ) Conference report  ( 1 )
Recent research papers ( 3 )
	Lerit and Gavis, 2011, Curr. Biol. 21(6): 439--448 Transport of germ plasm on astral microtubules directs germ cell development in Drosophila. [FBrf0213255] Janic et al., 2010, Science 330(6012): 1824--1827 Ectopic expression of germline genes drives malignant brain tumor growth in Drosophila. [FBrf0212713] Thomsen et al., 2010, Genome Biol. 11(9): R93 Genome-wide analysis of mRNA decay patterns during early Drosophila development. [FBrf0212195] Show all research papers ...
Recent reviews (0)
	All reviews listed in FlyBase were published before 2010 Show reviews ...