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Gene Dmel\Gld

General Information
Symbol	Dmel\Gld	Species	D. melanogaster
Name	Glucose dehydrogenase	Annotation symbol	CG1152
Feature type	protein_coding_gene	FlyBase ID	FBgn0001112
Gene Model Status	Current	Stock availability	11 publicly available
Genomic Location
Chromosome (arm)	3R	Recombination map	3-48
Cytogenetic map	84D3-84D3	Sequence location	3R:3,077,785..3,091,425 [-]
Genomic Maps Select View:Gene Models/EvidenceExpression/RegulationMegaViewGene Disruptions, Stocks and Reagents Beta	Decorated FastA GenBankGFF Gene region Extended Gene region CDSIntronsExonsTranslationsTranscripts3' UTR5' UTR
Summary Information
Automatically generated summary See sections below for more information	The gene Glucose dehydrogenase is referred to in FlyBase by the symbol Dmel\Gld (CG1152, FBgn0001112). It is a protein_coding_gene from Drosophila melanogaster. It is reported to have molecular function: glucose dehydrogenase activity. There is experimental evidence that it is involved in the biological process: sperm storage. 21 alleles are reported. No phenotypic data is available. It has one annotated transcript and one annotated polypeptide. Protein features are: Glucose-methanol-choline oxidoreductase; Glucose-methanol-choline oxidoreductase, C-terminal; Glucose-methanol-choline oxidoreductase, N-terminal. Summary of modENCODE Temporal Expression Profile: Temporal profile ranges from a peak of high expression to a trough of extremely low expression. Peak expression observed during late pupal stages. Summary of FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data: Expression at high levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult crop, larval carcass. Expression at moderate levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult head, larval/adult hindgut, larval trachea, adult male accessory gland. Comments on Affy2 ProbeSet: ProbeSet 1626984_at completely aligns to an exonic region of the only FlyBase-annotated transcript isoform of Gld. Gene sequence location is 3R:3077785..3091425.
User Contributed Data
	Beta version, feedback welcome
Phenotypic Description from the Red Book (Lindsley & Zimm 1992)
Gene/Allele symbols may differ from current usage	Gld: Glucose dehydrogenase The structural gene for FAD glucose dehydrogenase [GLD (EC1.1.99.10)]. The formation of a hybrid band in GldF/GldS heterozygotes indicates a dimeric enzyme. Molecular weight given as 110,000 daltons. Gene expressed during pupal stages of both sexes; enzyme found in pupal stage 3-4 moulting fluid where it modifies puparium cuticle. Gld also expressed in the ejaculatory duct of males; genital disc transplantation experiments indicate that GLD expression in ejaculatory duct is autonomous (Cavener); enzyme transferred from males to females during copulation. Lethality of null alleles in the pupal stage observed; Gldn flies can be rescued by pre-eclosion excision of pupal operculum.
Recent Updates
Description	What does this section display? This section contains items that were added to this record for each release. It currently only tracks new links between this FlyBase report and other FlyBase data classes (e.g. genes, references, stocks) or controlled vocabulary terms (e.g. GO, anatomy terms). What does this section not display? This section does not currently display links that were removed or gene model changes.
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FB2013_03
FB2013_02
All updates	Click here to see a list of all updates to this record from FB2010_08 and on.
Detailed Mapping Data
FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Evidence for location 84D3-84D3   Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{EP}EP3060EP3060 and P{PZ}grn05930
Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Notes References 84C8-84C8   (determined by in situ hybridisation)   (Cavener et al., 1986)
Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
Location	3-48
Left of (cM)
Right of (cM)
Notes	Mapping based on 30 st-cu recombinants.
Gene Model & Products
Please see the GBrowse view of Dmel\Gld for information on other features To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form
Comments on Gene Model
	Gene model reviewed during 5.49
Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name FlyBase ID RefSeq ID Length (nt) Associated CDS (aa) Gld-RA FBtr0081596  NM_058155   2899   612
Additional Transcript Data & Comments
Reported size (kB)	2.8 (northern blot) (Murtha and Cavener, 1989, Cavener et al., 1986)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name FlyBase ID Predicted MW (kDa) Length (aa) Theoretical pI RefSeq ID GenBank protein Gld-PA   FBpp0081114   66.8   612   7.07     NP_477503   AAF54038
Additional Polypeptide Data & Comments
Reported size (kDa)
Comments
External Data
Linkouts
Crossreferences	InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites • Glucose-methanol-choline oxidoreductase, N-terminal (IPR000172) Glucose-methanol-choline oxidoreductase, C-terminal (IPR007867) Glucose-methanol-choline oxidoreductase (IPR012132)
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank	DNA sequence Protein sequence Name AE014297 AAF54038   AC008029   AY084122 AAL89860   AY118393   BI167496   BI167805   BI172352   BI214275   BI368266   BI368671   BI371438   BI483517   BI577797   CZ469476   CZ480501   CZ480502   CZ480884   CZ487613   EC053208   EC053684   EC053687   EC198251   EL887324   EL887400   EL887537   GH740953   GH744188   GH745718   GH745949   GH746140   GH746458   GH747160   GH762395   GH762821   GH763027   GH763723   GH763865   GH764679   GH766420   GH766637   GH767219   GH767418   GH767594   GH767740   M29298 AAA28571   S73239   X07358   X13581   X13582 CAA31918
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot	P18173
UniProtKB/TrEMBL	Q8SXV0
Mapped Features
Mapped Features have been reorganized, please see this article for details. Additional mapped features and mutations can be found on GBrowse or related reports. Type Symbol & Location Additional Notes References
External Data
Linkouts
Crossreferences
Expression Data
Transcript Expression
No Assay Recorded Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference larval stage -- pupal stage     (Cavener et al., 1986) in situ Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference embryonic stage 13 -- 16   embryonic dorsal epidermis   (Fisher et al., 2012) embryonic epipharynx   (Fisher et al., 2012) embryonic head epidermis   (Fisher et al., 2012) embryonic salivary gland duct   (Fisher et al., 2012) embryonic ventral epidermis   (Fisher et al., 2012) embryonic/larval posterior spiracle   (Fisher et al., 2012) embryonic/larval salivary gland   (Fisher et al., 2012) embryonic/larval salivary gland common duct   (Fisher et al., 2012) sensory nervous system primordium   (Fisher et al., 2012) ventral imaginal precursor   (Fisher et al., 2012) ventral sensory complex primordium   (Fisher et al., 2012) northern blot Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference adult stage | male   ejaculatory duct   (Cavener et al., 1986)
Additional Descriptive Data
	Gld transcript levels increase upon treatment with an exogenous source of ecdysterone. This can be reversed in ecd1 larvae, no increase in Gld mRNA levels is seen. Ecdysterone-responsiveness competence is gained by Gld during the third instar. Premature exposure of wild type mid-third instar larvae to ecdysterone results in the rapid accumulation of Gld transcripts. (Murtha and Cavener, 1989) The level of Gld transcripts rises 3- to 4-fold in late third instar larvae then declines rapidly. Transcripts are abundant in pupal stages 6-13 and in adult males. The larval transcript is found only in the integument and the male transcript is localized predominantly in the ejaculatory ducts. (Cavener et al., 1986)
Marker for
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Polypeptide Expression
Additional Descriptive Data
	Gld enzyme activity is present in late third instar larvae, pupae, and adult males The greatest levels are observed in late pupae and adults. (Cavener et al., 1986) Gld enzyme activity increases upon treatment with an exogenous source of ecdysterone. This can be reversed in ecd1 larvae, no increase in Gld enzyme activity is seen. (Murtha and Cavener, 1989)
Marker for
Subcellular Localization (GO Cellular Component)
CV term Evidence References
Expression Deduced from Reporters
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools
Reference	See Gelbart and Emmert, 2010.10.13 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
FlyAtlas Anatomy Microarray
FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data (FlyAtlas-RNA.adult) (FlyAtlas-RNA.larva)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap Back-to-back    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High level expression bin max Very high expression bin max Summary of FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data: Expression at high levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult crop, larval carcass. Expression at moderate levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult head, larval/adult hindgut, larval trachea, adult male accessory gland. [download data (TSV)] Guide to FlyAtlas expression level colors   No expression (0 - 9.999)   Low expression (10 - 99.999)   Moderate expression (100 - 499.999)   High level expression (500 - 999.999)   Very high expression (>999.999) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    10.15 Larval Midgut    3.6 Larval Hindgut    475 Larval Malpighian Tubules    2.2 Larval Fat Body    4 Larval Salivary Gland    52.8 Larval Trachea    100.05 Larval Carcass    1212.8 Adult Head    166.5 Adult Eye    8.3 Adult Brain    6.8 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    5.7 Adult Crop    582.2 Adult Midgut    1.9 Adult Hindgut    182.1 Adult Malpighian Tubules    2.5 Adult Fat Body    4.7 Adult Salivary Gland    2.9 Adult Heart    6.175 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    0.9 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    2.8 Adult Ovary    0.4 Adult Testis    16 Adult Male Accessory Gland    371.3 Adult Carcass    84.7 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    10.15 Larval Midgut    3.6 Larval Hindgut    475 Larval Malpighian Tubules    2.2 Larval Fat Body    4 Larval Salivary Gland    52.8 Larval Trachea    100.05 Larval Carcass  (1212.8) Adult Head    166.5 Adult Eye    8.3 Adult Brain    6.8 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    5.7 Adult Crop  (582.2) Adult Midgut    1.9 Adult Hindgut    182.1 Adult Malpighian Tubules    2.5 Adult Fat Body    4.7 Adult Salivary Gland    2.9 Adult Heart    6.175 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    0.9 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    2.8 Adult Ovary    0.4 Adult Testis    16 Adult Male Accessory Gland    371.3 Adult Carcass    84.7 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High  Linear, scaled to High level expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    10.15 Larval Midgut    3.6 Larval Hindgut    475 Larval Malpighian Tubules    2.2 Larval Fat Body    4 Larval Salivary Gland    52.8 Larval Trachea    100.05 Larval Carcass  (1212.8) Adult Head    166.5 Adult Eye    8.3 Adult Brain    6.8 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    5.7 Adult Crop    582.2 Adult Midgut    1.9 Adult Hindgut    182.1 Adult Malpighian Tubules    2.5 Adult Fat Body    4.7 Adult Salivary Gland    2.9 Adult Heart    6.175 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    0.9 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    2.8 Adult Ovary    0.4 Adult Testis    16 Adult Male Accessory Gland    371.3 Adult Carcass    84.7 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Very high expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    10.15 Larval Midgut    3.6 Larval Hindgut    475 Larval Malpighian Tubules    2.2 Larval Fat Body    4 Larval Salivary Gland    52.8 Larval Trachea    100.05 Larval Carcass    1212.8 Adult Head    166.5 Adult Eye    8.3 Adult Brain    6.8 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    5.7 Adult Crop    582.2 Adult Midgut    1.9 Adult Hindgut    182.1 Adult Malpighian Tubules    2.5 Adult Fat Body    4.7 Adult Salivary Gland    2.9 Adult Heart    6.175 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    0.9 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    2.8 Adult Ovary    0.4 Adult Testis    16 Adult Male Accessory Gland    371.3 Adult Carcass    84.7 Expression Level Scale  Very high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    10.15 Larval Midgut    3.6 Larval Hindgut    475 Larval Malpighian Tubules    2.2 Larval Fat Body    4 Larval Salivary Gland    52.8 Larval Trachea    100.05 Larval Carcass    1212.8 Adult Head    166.5 Adult Eye    8.3 Adult Brain    6.8 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    5.7 Adult Crop    582.2 Adult Midgut    1.9 Adult Hindgut    182.1 Adult Malpighian Tubules    2.5 Adult Fat Body    4.7 Adult Salivary Gland    2.9 Adult Heart    6.175 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    0.9 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    2.8 Adult Ovary    0.4 Adult Testis    16 Adult Male Accessory Gland    371.3 Adult Carcass    84.7 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  log, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    10.15 Larval Midgut    3.6 Larval Hindgut    475 Larval Malpighian Tubules    2.2 Larval Fat Body    4 Larval Salivary Gland    52.8 Larval Trachea    100.05 Larval Carcass  (1212.8) Adult Head    166.5 Adult Eye    8.3 Adult Brain    6.8 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    5.7 Adult Crop  582.2 Adult Midgut    1.9 Adult Hindgut    182.1 Adult Malpighian Tubules    2.5 Adult Fat Body    4.7 Adult Salivary Gland    2.9 Adult Heart    6.175 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    0.9 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    2.8 Adult Ovary    0.4 Adult Testis    16 Adult Male Accessory Gland    371.3 Adult Carcass    84.7 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High  log, scaled to High level expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    10.15 Larval Midgut    3.6 Larval Hindgut    475 Larval Malpighian Tubules    2.2 Larval Fat Body    4 Larval Salivary Gland    52.8 Larval Trachea    100.05 Larval Carcass  1212.8 Adult Head    166.5 Adult Eye    8.3 Adult Brain    6.8 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    5.7 Adult Crop    582.2 Adult Midgut    1.9 Adult Hindgut    182.1 Adult Malpighian Tubules    2.5 Adult Fat Body    4.7 Adult Salivary Gland    2.9 Adult Heart    6.175 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    0.9 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    2.8 Adult Ovary    0.4 Adult Testis    16 Adult Male Accessory Gland    371.3 Adult Carcass    84.7 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  log, scaled to Very high expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    10.15 Larval Midgut    3.6 Larval Hindgut    475 Larval Malpighian Tubules    2.2 Larval Fat Body    4 Larval Salivary Gland    52.8 Larval Trachea    100.05 Larval Carcass    1212.8 Adult Head    166.5 Adult Eye    8.3 Adult Brain    6.8 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    5.7 Adult Crop    582.2 Adult Midgut    1.9 Adult Hindgut    182.1 Adult Malpighian Tubules    2.5 Adult Fat Body    4.7 Adult Salivary Gland    2.9 Adult Heart    6.175 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    0.9 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    2.8 Adult Ovary    0.4 Adult Testis    16 Adult Male Accessory Gland    371.3 Adult Carcass    84.7 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  Heatmap Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System     Larval Midgut     Larval Hindgut     Larval Malpighian Tubules     Larval Fat Body     Larval Salivary Gland     Larval Trachea     Larval Carcass     Adult Head     Adult Eye     Adult Brain     Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion     Adult Crop     Adult Midgut     Adult Hindgut     Adult Malpighian Tubules     Adult Fat Body     Adult Salivary Gland     Adult Heart     Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca     Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca     Adult Ovary     Adult Testis     Adult Male Accessory Gland     Adult Carcass     FlyAtlas Organ/Tissue Expression, larval vs. adult Larval Expression Level Tissue Adult Expression Level   NA  Head    166.5   NA  Eye    8.3   NA  Brain    6.8   10.15  Central Nervous System    NA   NA  Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    5.7   NA  Crop    582.2   3.6  Midgut    1.9   475  Hindgut    182.1   2.2  Malpighian Tubules    2.5   4  Fat Body    4.7   52.8  Salivary Gland    2.9   NA  Heart    6.175   100.05  Trachea    NA   NA  VirginFemale Spermatheca    0.9   NA  InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    2.8   NA  Ovary    0.4   NA  Testis    16   NA  Male Accessory Gland    371.3   1212.8  Carcass    84.7 FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data (Chintapalli et al., 2007)
modENCODE Anatomy RNA-Seq
modENCODE Tissue Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_tissues)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    2 central nervous system, larvae L3    2 central nervous system, pupae P8    4 head, virgin 1-day female    2 head, virgin 4-day female    1 head, virgin 20-day female    2 head, mated 1-day female    2 head, mated 4-day female    1 head, mated 20-day female    1 head, mated 1-day male    2 head, mated 4-day male    2 head, mated 20-day male    4 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    1 salivary gland, white prepupae    1 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    5 digestive system, 1-day adult    6 digestive system, 4-day adult    3 digestive system, 20-day adult    3 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    0 fat body, white prepupae    0 fat body, pupae P8    3 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    65 carcass, 1-day adult    5 carcass, 4-day adult    4 carcass, 20-day adult    8 ovary, virgin 4-day female    0 ovary, mated 4-day female    0 testis, mated 4-day male    15 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    287 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    2 central nervous system, larvae L3    2 central nervous system, pupae P8    4 head, virgin 1-day female    2 head, virgin 4-day female    1 head, virgin 20-day female    2 head, mated 1-day female    2 head, mated 4-day female    1 head, mated 20-day female    1 head, mated 1-day male    2 head, mated 4-day male    2 head, mated 20-day male    4 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    1 salivary gland, white prepupae    1 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    5 digestive system, 1-day adult    6 digestive system, 4-day adult    3 digestive system, 20-day adult    3 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    0 fat body, white prepupae    0 fat body, pupae P8    3 carcass, larvae L3 wandering  (65) carcass, 1-day adult    5 carcass, 4-day adult    4 carcass, 20-day adult    8 ovary, virgin 4-day female    0 ovary, mated 4-day female    0 testis, mated 4-day male    15 accessory gland, mated 4-day male  (287) Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    2 central nervous system, larvae L3    2 central nervous system, pupae P8    4 head, virgin 1-day female    2 head, virgin 4-day female    1 head, virgin 20-day female    2 head, mated 1-day female    2 head, mated 4-day female    1 head, mated 20-day female    1 head, mated 1-day male    2 head, mated 4-day male    2 head, mated 20-day male    4 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    1 salivary gland, white prepupae    1 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    5 digestive system, 1-day adult    6 digestive system, 4-day adult    3 digestive system, 20-day adult    3 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    0 fat body, white prepupae    0 fat body, pupae P8    3 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    65 carcass, 1-day adult    5 carcass, 4-day adult    4 carcass, 20-day adult    8 ovary, virgin 4-day female    0 ovary, mated 4-day female    0 testis, mated 4-day male    15 accessory gland, mated 4-day male  (287) Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    2 central nervous system, larvae L3    2 central nervous system, pupae P8    4 head, virgin 1-day female    2 head, virgin 4-day female    1 head, virgin 20-day female    2 head, mated 1-day female    2 head, mated 4-day female    1 head, mated 20-day female    1 head, mated 1-day male    2 head, mated 4-day male    2 head, mated 20-day male    4 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    1 salivary gland, white prepupae    1 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    5 digestive system, 1-day adult    6 digestive system, 4-day adult    3 digestive system, 20-day adult    3 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    0 fat body, white prepupae    0 fat body, pupae P8    3 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    65 carcass, 1-day adult    5 carcass, 4-day adult    4 carcass, 20-day adult    8 ovary, virgin 4-day female    0 ovary, mated 4-day female    0 testis, mated 4-day male    15 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    287 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    2 central nervous system, larvae L3    2 central nervous system, pupae P8    4 head, virgin 1-day female    2 head, virgin 4-day female    1 head, virgin 20-day female    2 head, mated 1-day female    2 head, mated 4-day female    1 head, mated 20-day female    1 head, mated 1-day male    2 head, mated 4-day male    2 head, mated 20-day male    4 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    1 salivary gland, white prepupae    1 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    5 digestive system, 1-day adult    6 digestive system, 4-day adult    3 digestive system, 20-day adult    3 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    0 fat body, white prepupae    0 fat body, pupae P8    3 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    65 carcass, 1-day adult    5 carcass, 4-day adult    4 carcass, 20-day adult    8 ovary, virgin 4-day female    0 ovary, mated 4-day female    0 testis, mated 4-day male    15 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    287 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    2 central nervous system, larvae L3    2 central nervous system, pupae P8    4 head, virgin 1-day female    2 head, virgin 4-day female    1 head, virgin 20-day female    2 head, mated 1-day female    2 head, mated 4-day female    1 head, mated 20-day female    1 head, mated 1-day male    2 head, mated 4-day male    2 head, mated 20-day male    4 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    1 salivary gland, white prepupae    1 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    5 digestive system, 1-day adult    6 digestive system, 4-day adult    3 digestive system, 20-day adult    3 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    0 fat body, white prepupae    0 fat body, pupae P8    3 carcass, larvae L3 wandering  (65) carcass, 1-day adult    5 carcass, 4-day adult    4 carcass, 20-day adult    8 ovary, virgin 4-day female    0 ovary, mated 4-day female    0 testis, mated 4-day male    15 accessory gland, mated 4-day male  (287) Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    2 central nervous system, larvae L3    2 central nervous system, pupae P8    4 head, virgin 1-day female    2 head, virgin 4-day female    1 head, virgin 20-day female    2 head, mated 1-day female    2 head, mated 4-day female    1 head, mated 20-day female    1 head, mated 1-day male    2 head, mated 4-day male    2 head, mated 20-day male    4 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    1 salivary gland, white prepupae    1 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    5 digestive system, 1-day adult    6 digestive system, 4-day adult    3 digestive system, 20-day adult    3 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    0 fat body, white prepupae    0 fat body, pupae P8    3 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    65 carcass, 1-day adult    5 carcass, 4-day adult    4 carcass, 20-day adult    8 ovary, virgin 4-day female    0 ovary, mated 4-day female    0 testis, mated 4-day male    15 accessory gland, mated 4-day male  (287) Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    2 central nervous system, larvae L3    2 central nervous system, pupae P8    4 head, virgin 1-day female    2 head, virgin 4-day female    1 head, virgin 20-day female    2 head, mated 1-day female    2 head, mated 4-day female    1 head, mated 20-day female    1 head, mated 1-day male    2 head, mated 4-day male    2 head, mated 20-day male    4 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    1 salivary gland, white prepupae    1 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    5 digestive system, 1-day adult    6 digestive system, 4-day adult    3 digestive system, 20-day adult    3 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    0 fat body, white prepupae    0 fat body, pupae P8    3 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    65 carcass, 1-day adult    5 carcass, 4-day adult    4 carcass, 20-day adult    8 ovary, virgin 4-day female    0 ovary, mated 4-day female    0 testis, mated 4-day male    15 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    287 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering     central nervous system, larvae L3     central nervous system, pupae P8     head, virgin 1-day female     head, virgin 4-day female     head, virgin 20-day female     head, mated 1-day female     head, mated 4-day female     head, mated 20-day female     head, mated 1-day male     head, mated 4-day male     head, mated 20-day male     salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering     salivary gland, white prepupae     digestive system, larvae L3 wandering     digestive system, 1-day adult     digestive system, 4-day adult     digestive system, 20-day adult     fat body, larvae L3 wandering     fat body, white prepupae     fat body, pupae P8     carcass, larvae L3 wandering     carcass, 1-day adult     carcass, 4-day adult     carcass, 20-day adult     ovary, virgin 4-day female     ovary, mated 4-day female     testis, mated 4-day male     accessory gland, mated 4-day male
modENCODE Development RNA-Seq
modENCODE Temporal Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_U)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max Summary of modENCODE Temporal Expression Profile: Temporal profile ranges from a peak of high expression to a trough of extremely low expression. Peak expression observed during late pupal stages. [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    0 embryo 02-04hr    0 embryo 04-06hr    0 embryo 06-08hr    1 embryo 08-10hr    0 embryo 10-12hr    1 embryo 12-14hr    2 embryo 14-16hr    8 embryo 16-18hr    13 embryo 18-20hr    13 embryo 20-22hr    2 embryo 22-24hr    2 larva L1    3 larva L2    31 larva L3 12hr old    8 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    12 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    24 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    36 white prepupae new    5 white prepupae 12hr    16 white prepupae 24hr    2 pupae 2d postWPP    67 pupae 3d postWPP    42 pupae 4d postWPP    7 adult male 01day    23 adult male 05day    35 adult male 30day    34 adult female 01day    2 adult female 05day    1 adult female 30day    2 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    0 embryo 02-04hr    0 embryo 04-06hr    0 embryo 06-08hr    1 embryo 08-10hr    0 embryo 10-12hr    1 embryo 12-14hr    2 embryo 14-16hr    8 embryo 16-18hr    13 embryo 18-20hr    13 embryo 20-22hr    2 embryo 22-24hr    2 larva L1    3 larva L2  (31) larva L3 12hr old    8 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    12 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    24 larva L3 puffstage 7-9  (36) white prepupae new    5 white prepupae 12hr    16 white prepupae 24hr    2 pupae 2d postWPP  (67) pupae 3d postWPP  (42) pupae 4d postWPP    7 adult male 01day    23 adult male 05day  (35) adult male 30day  (34) adult female 01day    2 adult female 05day    1 adult female 30day    2 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    0 embryo 02-04hr    0 embryo 04-06hr    0 embryo 06-08hr    1 embryo 08-10hr    0 embryo 10-12hr    1 embryo 12-14hr    2 embryo 14-16hr    8 embryo 16-18hr    13 embryo 18-20hr    13 embryo 20-22hr    2 embryo 22-24hr    2 larva L1    3 larva L2    31 larva L3 12hr old    8 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    12 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    24 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    36 white prepupae new    5 white prepupae 12hr    16 white prepupae 24hr    2 pupae 2d postWPP    67 pupae 3d postWPP    42 pupae 4d postWPP    7 adult male 01day    23 adult male 05day    35 adult male 30day    34 adult female 01day    2 adult female 05day    1 adult female 30day    2 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    0 embryo 02-04hr    0 embryo 04-06hr    0 embryo 06-08hr    1 embryo 08-10hr    0 embryo 10-12hr    1 embryo 12-14hr    2 embryo 14-16hr    8 embryo 16-18hr    13 embryo 18-20hr    13 embryo 20-22hr    2 embryo 22-24hr    2 larva L1    3 larva L2    31 larva L3 12hr old    8 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    12 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    24 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    36 white prepupae new    5 white prepupae 12hr    16 white prepupae 24hr    2 pupae 2d postWPP    67 pupae 3d postWPP    42 pupae 4d postWPP    7 adult male 01day    23 adult male 05day    35 adult male 30day    34 adult female 01day    2 adult female 05day    1 adult female 30day    2 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    0 embryo 02-04hr    0 embryo 04-06hr    0 embryo 06-08hr    1 embryo 08-10hr    0 embryo 10-12hr    1 embryo 12-14hr    2 embryo 14-16hr    8 embryo 16-18hr    13 embryo 18-20hr    13 embryo 20-22hr    2 embryo 22-24hr    2 larva L1    3 larva L2    31 larva L3 12hr old    8 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    12 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    24 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    36 white prepupae new    5 white prepupae 12hr    16 white prepupae 24hr    2 pupae 2d postWPP    67 pupae 3d postWPP    42 pupae 4d postWPP    7 adult male 01day    23 adult male 05day    35 adult male 30day    34 adult female 01day    2 adult female 05day    1 adult female 30day    2 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Moderate expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    0 embryo 02-04hr    0 embryo 04-06hr    0 embryo 06-08hr    1 embryo 08-10hr    0 embryo 10-12hr    1 embryo 12-14hr    2 embryo 14-16hr    8 embryo 16-18hr    13 embryo 18-20hr    13 embryo 20-22hr    2 embryo 22-24hr    2 larva L1    3 larva L2  31 larva L3 12hr old    8 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    12 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    24 larva L3 puffstage 7-9  (36) white prepupae new    5 white prepupae 12hr    16 white prepupae 24hr    2 pupae 2d postWPP  (67) pupae 3d postWPP  (42) pupae 4d postWPP    7 adult male 01day    23 adult male 05day  (35) adult male 30day  (34) adult female 01day    2 adult female 05day    1 adult female 30day    2 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    0 embryo 02-04hr    0 embryo 04-06hr    0 embryo 06-08hr    1 embryo 08-10hr    0 embryo 10-12hr    1 embryo 12-14hr    2 embryo 14-16hr    8 embryo 16-18hr    13 embryo 18-20hr    13 embryo 20-22hr    2 embryo 22-24hr    2 larva L1    3 larva L2    31 larva L3 12hr old    8 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    12 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    24 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    36 white prepupae new    5 white prepupae 12hr    16 white prepupae 24hr    2 pupae 2d postWPP    67 pupae 3d postWPP    42 pupae 4d postWPP    7 adult male 01day    23 adult male 05day    35 adult male 30day    34 adult female 01day    2 adult female 05day    1 adult female 30day    2 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    0 embryo 02-04hr    0 embryo 04-06hr    0 embryo 06-08hr    1 embryo 08-10hr    0 embryo 10-12hr    1 embryo 12-14hr    2 embryo 14-16hr    8 embryo 16-18hr    13 embryo 18-20hr    13 embryo 20-22hr    2 embryo 22-24hr    2 larva L1    3 larva L2    31 larva L3 12hr old    8 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    12 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    24 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    36 white prepupae new    5 white prepupae 12hr    16 white prepupae 24hr    2 pupae 2d postWPP    67 pupae 3d postWPP    42 pupae 4d postWPP    7 adult male 01day    23 adult male 05day    35 adult male 30day    34 adult female 01day    2 adult female 05day    1 adult female 30day    2 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr     embryo 02-04hr     embryo 04-06hr     embryo 06-08hr     embryo 08-10hr     embryo 10-12hr     embryo 12-14hr     embryo 14-16hr     embryo 16-18hr     embryo 18-20hr     embryo 20-22hr     embryo 22-24hr     larva L1     larva L2     larva L3 12hr old     larva L3 puffstage 1-2     larva L3 puffstage 3-6     larva L3 puffstage 7-9     white prepupae new     white prepupae 12hr     white prepupae 24hr     pupae 2d postWPP     pupae 3d postWPP     pupae 4d postWPP     adult male 01day     adult male 05day     adult male 30day     adult female 01day     adult female 05day     adult female 30day     modENCODE Temporal Expression Data (Graveley et al., 2011)
modENCODE Cell Lines RNA-Seq
modENCODE Cell Line Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_cell.A) (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_cell.B)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    0 Schneider line 2 Sg4    5 embryonic 1182-4H    1 embryonic GM2    0 embryonic Kc167    0 embryonic S1    0 embryonic S3    0 leg disc CME L1    2 wing disc CME-W2    0 wing disc ML-DmD8    0 wing disc ML-DmD9    1 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    2 wing disc ML-DmD21    0 wing disc ML-DmD32    0 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    0 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    1 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    0 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    0 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    0 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    0 tumorous blood cells mbn2    0 ovary fGS/OSS    0 ovary OSC    0 ovary OSS    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    0 Schneider line 2 Sg4    5 embryonic 1182-4H    1 embryonic GM2    0 embryonic Kc167    0 embryonic S1    0 embryonic S3    0 leg disc CME L1    2 wing disc CME-W2    0 wing disc ML-DmD8    0 wing disc ML-DmD9    1 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    2 wing disc ML-DmD21    0 wing disc ML-DmD32    0 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    0 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    1 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    0 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    0 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    0 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    0 tumorous blood cells mbn2    0 ovary fGS/OSS    0 ovary OSC    0 ovary OSS    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    0 Schneider line 2 Sg4    5 embryonic 1182-4H    1 embryonic GM2    0 embryonic Kc167    0 embryonic S1    0 embryonic S3    0 leg disc CME L1    2 wing disc CME-W2    0 wing disc ML-DmD8    0 wing disc ML-DmD9    1 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    2 wing disc ML-DmD21    0 wing disc ML-DmD32    0 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    0 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    1 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    0 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    0 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    0 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    0 tumorous blood cells mbn2    0 ovary fGS/OSS    0 ovary OSC    0 ovary OSS    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    0 Schneider line 2 Sg4    5 embryonic 1182-4H    1 embryonic GM2    0 embryonic Kc167    0 embryonic S1    0 embryonic S3    0 leg disc CME L1    2 wing disc CME-W2    0 wing disc ML-DmD8    0 wing disc ML-DmD9    1 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    2 wing disc ML-DmD21    0 wing disc ML-DmD32    0 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    0 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    1 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    0 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    0 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    0 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    0 tumorous blood cells mbn2    0 ovary fGS/OSS    0 ovary OSC    0 ovary OSS    0 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    0 Schneider line 2 Sg4    5 embryonic 1182-4H    1 embryonic GM2    0 embryonic Kc167    0 embryonic S1    0 embryonic S3    0 leg disc CME L1    2 wing disc CME-W2    0 wing disc ML-DmD8    0 wing disc ML-DmD9    1 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    2 wing disc ML-DmD21    0 wing disc ML-DmD32    0 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    0 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    1 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    0 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    0 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    0 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    0 tumorous blood cells mbn2    0 ovary fGS/OSS    0 ovary OSC    0 ovary OSS    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate  log, scaled to Moderate expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    0 Schneider line 2 Sg4    5 embryonic 1182-4H    1 embryonic GM2    0 embryonic Kc167    0 embryonic S1    0 embryonic S3    0 leg disc CME L1    2 wing disc CME-W2    0 wing disc ML-DmD8    0 wing disc ML-DmD9    1 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    2 wing disc ML-DmD21    0 wing disc ML-DmD32    0 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    0 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    1 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    0 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    0 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    0 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    0 tumorous blood cells mbn2    0 ovary fGS/OSS    0 ovary OSC    0 ovary OSS    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    0 Schneider line 2 Sg4    5 embryonic 1182-4H    1 embryonic GM2    0 embryonic Kc167    0 embryonic S1    0 embryonic S3    0 leg disc CME L1    2 wing disc CME-W2    0 wing disc ML-DmD8    0 wing disc ML-DmD9    1 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    2 wing disc ML-DmD21    0 wing disc ML-DmD32    0 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    0 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    1 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    0 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    0 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    0 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    0 tumorous blood cells mbn2    0 ovary fGS/OSS    0 ovary OSC    0 ovary OSS    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    0 Schneider line 2 Sg4    5 embryonic 1182-4H    1 embryonic GM2    0 embryonic Kc167    0 embryonic S1    0 embryonic S3    0 leg disc CME L1    2 wing disc CME-W2    0 wing disc ML-DmD8    0 wing disc ML-DmD9    1 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    2 wing disc ML-DmD21    0 wing disc ML-DmD32    0 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    0 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    1 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    0 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    0 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    0 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    0 tumorous blood cells mbn2    0 ovary fGS/OSS    0 ovary OSC    0 ovary OSS    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+     Schneider line 2 Sg4     embryonic 1182-4H     embryonic GM2     embryonic Kc167     embryonic S1     embryonic S3     leg disc CME L1     wing disc CME-W2     wing disc ML-DmD8     wing disc ML-DmD9     wing disc ML-DmD16-c3     wing disc ML-DmD21     wing disc ML-DmD32     haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3     eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11     antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5     mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1     CNS ML-DmBG1-c1     CNS ML-DmBG2-c2     tumorous blood cells mbn2     ovary fGS/OSS     ovary OSC     ovary OSS
modENCODE Treatments RNA-Seq
modENCODE Treatment Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_treatments)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    3 cold shock, 4-day adult    5 heat shock, 4-day adult    8 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    8 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    15 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    7 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    2 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    4 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    4 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    4 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    7 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    9 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    10 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    9 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    3 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    5 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    5 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    10 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    8 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    3 cold shock, 4-day adult    5 heat shock, 4-day adult    8 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    8 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    15 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    7 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    2 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    4 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    4 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    4 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    7 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    9 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    10 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    9 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    3 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    5 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    5 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    10 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    8 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    3 cold shock, 4-day adult    5 heat shock, 4-day adult    8 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    8 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    15 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    7 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    2 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    4 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    4 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    4 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    7 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    9 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    10 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    9 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    3 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    5 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    5 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    10 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    8 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    3 cold shock, 4-day adult    5 heat shock, 4-day adult    8 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    8 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    15 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    7 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    2 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    4 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    4 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    4 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    7 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    9 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    10 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    9 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    3 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    5 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    5 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    10 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    8 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    3 cold shock, 4-day adult    5 heat shock, 4-day adult    8 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    8 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    15 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    7 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    2 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    4 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    4 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    4 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    7 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    9 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    10 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    9 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    3 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    5 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    5 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    10 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    8 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate  log, scaled to Moderate expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    3 cold shock, 4-day adult    5 heat shock, 4-day adult    8 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    8 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    15 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    7 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    2 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    4 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    4 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    4 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    7 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    9 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    10 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    9 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    3 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    5 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    5 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    10 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    8 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    3 cold shock, 4-day adult    5 heat shock, 4-day adult    8 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    8 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    15 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    7 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    2 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    4 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    4 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    4 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    7 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    9 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    10 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    9 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    3 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    5 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    5 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    10 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    8 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    3 cold shock, 4-day adult    5 heat shock, 4-day adult    8 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    8 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    15 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    7 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    2 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    4 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    4 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    4 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    7 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    9 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    10 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    9 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    3 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    5 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    5 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    10 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    8 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult     cold shock, 4-day adult     heat shock, 4-day adult     Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3     Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3     Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3     Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3     Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3     Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3     Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3     Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3     Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3     Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3
Expression Clusters
	A cluster of genes with similar mRNA expression dynamics across development. (The modENCODE Consortium, 2010, Graveley et al., 2011) mE2_34_mRNA_expression_cluster_24 mE1_20_mRNA_expression_cluster_14
External Data & Images
Linkouts	BDGP expression data • RE20037 FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies • FBgn0001112 FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array • CG1152-RA FlyExpress - Embryonic expression images (BDGP data) • Show all FlyExpress processed images for Gld Stages(s) 13-16
Alleles & Phenotypes
Summary of Allele Phenotypes
Lethality Allele lethal Gldn3 Gldn4 Gldn5 lethal, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237 GldGD5611 lethal | pharate adult stage Gldn1 Gldn2 lethal | pupal stage, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237 GldGD5611 lethal | recessive Gldn2 viable Glde02730 Sterility Allele fertile Glde02730 Other Phenotypes Allele electrophoretic variant GldF GldS wild-type Gld+t17.5 Phenotype manifest in Allele
Classical Alleles ( 18 )
For All Classical Alleles Show
Allele of Gld Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion Glde02730 piggyBac transposase 2 -- Glde03117 piggyBac transposase 1 -- Gldf05018 piggyBac transposase 1 -- GldMB08587 1 -- GldMI04453 1 -- Gldn1 loss of function allele ethyl methanesulfonate 1 Yes Gldn2 loss of function allele X ray ethyl methanesulfonate 1 -- Gldunspecified amorphic allele - genetic evidence 0 -- Gld3689 loss of function allele 0 Yes Gldc04676 0 -- Gldc04734 piggyBac transposase 0 -- GldE1L 0 -- GldF spontaneous natural population 0 -- Gldn3 loss of function allele ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- Gldn4 loss of function allele ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- Gldn5 loss of function allele ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- GldP4l loss of function allele 0 Yes GldS spontaneous natural population 0 --
Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs ( 3 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Allele of Gld Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion GldGD5611 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 2 Yes GldKK103488 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 1 Yes Gld+t17.5 in vitro construct - genomic fragment in vitro construct 0 Yes
Aneuploid Aberrations
Disrupted in	Df(3R)Antp-A41 (Cavener et al., 1986, Whetten et al., 1988) Df(3R)dsx2M (Cavener et al., 1986) Df(3R)dsx29 (Cavener et al., 1986, Whetten et al., 1988) Df(3R)ED5221 (Roote, 2004.7.20) Df(3R)Exel6146 (Ryder, 2004.4.26) Df(3R)Scx4 (Cavener et al., 1986)
Not disrupted in	Df(3R)Antp-X1 (Cavener et al., 1986) Df(3R)D6 (Cavener et al., 1986) Df(3R)dsx10M (Cavener et al., 1986) Df(3R)F76 (Cavener et al., 1986) Df(3R)Scr (Cavener et al., 1986) Df(3R)Scx2 (Cavener et al., 1986) Df(3R)Tpl10 (Cavener et al., 1986) Df(3R)WIN3 (Cavener et al., 1986)
Transgenic Constructs & Insertions
Transgenic Constructs
	Type of construct Name Expression data reporter construct P{1/-425/LacZ} No P{4/-425/LacZ} No P{12/-425/LacZ} No P{34/-425/LacZ} No P{123/-425/LacZ} No P{234/-425/LacZ} No P{BB/-425/LacZ} No P{Gpal(mut)-lacZ} No P{Gpal-lacZ} No P{HR/-425/LacZ} No P{LBE/-39/LacZ} No P{SREC2/-425/LacZ} No P{SREC2.1/-425/LacZ} No P{SREC2.2/-425/LacZ} No P{SREC2.3/-425/LacZ} No P{SREC/-39/LacZ} No P{SREC/-104/allGpal-/LacZ} No P{SREC/-104/Gpal-/LacZ} No P{SREC/-104/LacZ} No P{SREC/-425/dGpal-/LacZ} No P{SREC/-425/LacZ} No P{SREC/-425/mTATA/LacZ} No P{SREC/dGpal/hsp70/LacZ} No P{SREC/hsp70/LacZ} No P{SREC/LS1/LacZ} No P{SREC/LS2/LacZ} No P{SREC/LS3/LacZ} No P{TTAGAat/TTAGAcc-lacZ} No P{TTAGAat(-)-lacZ} No P{TTAGAat(+)-lacZ} No P{TTAGAcc/Gpal-lacZ} No P{TTAGAcc-lacZ} No P{XC/-425/LacZ} No UAS construct P{GD5611} NA P{KK103488} NA characterization construct P{-3.2kbGld/lacZ} NA P{-425bpGld/lacZ} NA P{ED-hsp70-lacZ} NA P{WG67} NA P{WGΨm23} NA
Insertions
	Type of insertions Name Expression data miscellaneous insertions Mi{MIC}GldMI04453 NA P{}Gld3689 NA PBac{PB}Gldc04676 NA PBac{PB}Gldc04734 NA PBac{RB}Glde02730 NA PBac{RB}Glde03117 NA PBac{WH}Gldf05018 NA insertion of enhancer trap binary system Mi{ET1}GldMB08587 No
Gene Ontology: Function, Process & Cellular Component ( 10 unique terms )
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence ( 1 term )
Molecular Function ( 0 terms)
Biological Process
CV term Evidence References
sperm storage inferred from mutant phenotype (Iida and Cavener, 2004)
Cellular Component ( 0 terms)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions ( 10 terms )
Molecular Function
CV term Evidence References
choline dehydrogenase activity inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR012132 (FlyBase Curators et al., 2004-) flavin adenine dinucleotide binding inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR000172, InterPro:IPR012132 (FlyBase Curators et al., 2004-) glucose dehydrogenase activity non-traceable author statement (Swiss-Prot Project Members, 1990.11.1) traceable author statement (Choudhary et al., 1992)
Biological Process
CV term Evidence References
alcohol metabolic process inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR012132 (FlyBase Curators et al., 2004-) cuticle development non-traceable author statement (Swiss-Prot Project Members, 1990.11.1) glucose metabolic process traceable author statement (Andres et al., 1993) oxidation-reduction process inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR000172, InterPro:IPR007867, InterPro:IPR012132 (FlyBase Curators et al., 2004-) pupal chitin-based cuticle development traceable author statement (Andres et al., 1993) sperm storage traceable author statement (Qazi et al., 2003)
Cellular Component
CV term Evidence References
extracellular region non-traceable author statement (Swiss-Prot Project Members, 1990.11.1)
Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene
	nuclear_gene   protein_coding_gene
Interactions & Pathways
Summary of Physical Interactions
Summary of Genetic Interactions
Interacts with	Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions Gld allele Gene References
External Data
Linkouts	BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions • 66070 DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions. • FBgn0001112 InterologFinder Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets. • 40875
Orthologs
OrthoDB Orthologs (33) - based on analysis using Dmel annotation version 5.41
OrthoDB Ortholog Groups
	OrthoDB orthology group searches (Waterhouse et al., 2011, Nucleic Acids Res. 39(Database issue): D283--D288) Drosophila inclusive ortholog search EOG6RBR44 Dipteran inclusive ortholog search EOG6ZGPMH Insect inclusive ortholog search EOG6GF297 Arthropod inclusive ortholog search No orthologs identified Metazoa inclusive ortholog search EOG62G59S
Orthologs in Drosophila Species (EOG6RBR44)
Organism Common Name Gene AAA Syntenic Ortholog Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly  Dmel\Gld     Drosophila sechellia   Dsec\Gld Y   Drosophila erecta   Dere\Gld Y   Drosophila yakuba   Dyak\Gld Y   Drosophila ananassae   Dana\GF17310 Y   Drosophila pseudoobscura pseudoobscura   Dpse\Gld Y   Drosophila persimilis   Dper\GL12187 Y   Drosophila willistoni   Dwil\GK11086 Y   Drosophila virilis   Dvir\Gld Y   Drosophila mojavensis   Dmoj\GI23491 Y   Drosophila grimshawi   Dgri\GH19281 Y
Orthologs in non-Drosophila Dipterans (EOG6ZGPMH)
Organism Common Name Gene Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Aedes aegypti Yellow fever mosquito  Aaeg\AAEL005769   Anopheles gambiae Malaria mosquito  Agam\AGAP002557   Culex quinquefasciatus Southern house mosquito  Cqui\CPIJ017019   Culex quinquefasciatus Southern house mosquito  Cqui\CPIJ009583
Orthologs in non-Dipteran Insects (EOG6GF297)
Organism Common Name Gene Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Apis mellifera Western honey bee  Amel\GB40842   Nasonia vitripennis Parasitic wasp  Nvit\Nasvi2EG005497   Acromyrmex echinatior Panamanian leafcutter ant  Aech\AECH17016   Atta cephalotes Leafcutter ant  Acep\ACEP24216   Camponotus floridanus Florida carpenter ant  Cflo\CFLO21457   Harpegnathos saltator Jerdons jumping ant  Hsal\HSAL17149   Linepithema humile Argentine ant  Lhum\LH19196   Pogonomyrmex barbatus Red harvester ant  Pbar\PB15709   Solenopsis invicta Red fire ant  Sinv\SINV16594   Acyrthosiphon pisum Pea aphid  Apim\ACYPI004741   Bombyx mori Silkmoth  Bmor\BGIBMGA013215   Pediculus humanus Human body louse  Phum\PHUM254550   Tribolium castaneum Red flour beetle  Tcas\GLEAN_15371
Orthologs in non-Insect Arthropods (None identified)
No non-Insect Arthropod orthologies identified
Orthologs in non-Arthropod Metazoa (EOG62G59S)
Organism Common Name Gene Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Strongylocentrotus purpuratus Purple sea urchin  Spur\SPU_013308gn Y Strongylocentrotus purpuratus Purple sea urchin  Spur\SPU_027294gn Y Strongylocentrotus purpuratus Purple sea urchin  Spur\SPU_027298gn Y Strongylocentrotus purpuratus Purple sea urchin  Spur\SPU_015707gn Y Strongylocentrotus purpuratus Purple sea urchin  Spur\SPU_027295gn Y
Human Orthologs (0)
Gene OMIM HGNC
AAA Orthologs (10) based on analysis using Dmel annotation version 4.3
Organism Gene Drosophila sechellia Dsec\Gld Drosophila erecta Dere\Gld Drosophila yakuba Dyak\Gld Drosophila ananassae Dana\GF17310 Drosophila pseudoobscura pseudoobscura Dpse\Gld Drosophila persimilis Dper\GL12187 Drosophila willistoni Dwil\GK11086 Drosophila virilis Dvir\Gld Drosophila mojavensis Dmoj\GI23491 Drosophila grimshawi Dgri\GH19281
Stocks & Reagents
Stocks Listed in FlyBase ( 11 )
Bloomington	18076 w1118; PBac{RB}Glde02730 27762 w1118; Mi{ET1}GldMB08587 37675 y1 w*; Mi{MIC}GldMI04453 2439 Dfd1 Gldn2 pp/TM3, Sb1 2440 w1118; Gldn1 pp cu1/TM3, Sb1 Ser1
Harvard	- PBac{RB}Glde02730 - PBac{RB}Glde03117 - PBac{WH}Gldf05018
VDRC	v108361 P{KK103488}VIE-260B v38040 w1118; P{GD5611}v38040 v38041 w1118; P{GD5611}v38041
Genomic Clones ( 1 )
	BACR01C11 Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete
cDNA Clones ( 35 )
	Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see GBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.
cDNA Clones, Fully Sequenced
BDGP DGC clones	RE20037 RE47124
Other clones
cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
BDGP DGC clones	RE07888 RE08275 RE54207 RE54678 RE58327 RE66426 RE71544
Other clones	EC053208 EC053684 EC053687 IP18409 IP18509 IP18709 RE14805 RP001004685 RP001010625 RP001011223 RP001013314 RP001022283 RP001024425 RP001025651 RP001036114 RP001038091 RP001039181 RP001045156 RP001045551 RP001045994 RP001048170 RP001049493 RP001052822 RP001052852 RP001054390 RP001055610
RNAi & Array Information
Linkouts	DRSC - Results from RNAi screens. • FBgn0001112 GenomeRNAi - GenomeRNAi – A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents • 40875
Antibody Information
Other Information
Discoverer
Etymology
Identification
Relationship to Other Genes
Source for database identity of	Source for identity of: Gld CG1152 (Zhong, 1999.11)
Source for database merge of
Additional comments
Other Comments
	Gld is required for normal sperm storage and utilisation in female D.melanogaster. (Iida and Cavener, 2004) Interactions among proximal promoter elements and a cluster of intronically located enhancers and silencers specify the complex regulation of Gld. (Keplinger et al., 2001) Ecol\lacZ reporter gene constructs have identified an SREC (Somatic Reproductive Organ Enhancer Complex) in Gld intron 1 (+639 to +3906 nucleotides). A 361 nucleotide region of the SREC is involved in ejaculatory duct/oviduct-specific expression in both the developing and mature reproductive tract. (Keplinger et al., 1996) Site directed mutagenesis and transgenic analysis demonstrates that the palindrome in the Gld promoter region is both necessary and sufficient for expression in the anterior spiracular gland whereas the palindromic sequence is sufficient for expression in the ejaculatory bulb. (Gunaratne et al., 1994) Ecdysteroid-regulated gene. (Andres et al., 1993) Protein encoded is member of GMC oxidoreductase family of flavoproteins. (Cavener, 1992) Enzyme transferred from males to females during copulation. Lethality of null alleles in the pupal stage observed; Gld null flies can be rescued by pre-eclosion excision of pupal operculum. (Lindsley and Zimm, 1992) The structural gene for FAD glucose dehydrogenase (GLD). The formation of a hybrid band in GldF/GldS heterozygotes indicates a dimeric enzyme. Molecular weight given as 110,000 daltons. (Lindsley and Zimm, 1992) Interspecific P-element-mediated gene transformation is used to assess possible cis- and trans-genetic differences in the expression of Gld and Dpse\Gld. Interspecific variation in adult Gld expression pattern is studied. (Schiff et al., 1992) Misregulation of sex-determination genes during development has been shown to effect the expression of Gld. (Feng et al., 1991) D.melanogaster Gld, Dpse\Gld and Dvir\Gld have been cloned and sequenced and compared with each other. The exon/intron structure is conserved in the three species. (Krasney et al., 1990) Gld has been precisely mapped and sequenced and the 17.5kb restriction fragment containing the Gld transcription unit was able to rescue the Gld mutant phenotype via P element mediated transformation. (Whetten et al., 1988)
External Crossreferences & Linkouts
Sequence Crossreferences
	RefSeq (Transcripts) • NM_058155 RefSeq (Proteins) • NP_477503 DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank • AAA28571 AAF54038 AAL89860 AC008029 AY084122 BI214275 CAA31918 CZ469476 CZ480501 CZ480502 CZ480884 CZ487613 M29298 S73239 X07358 X13581 X13582 Entrez Gene - A searchable database of RefSeq genes. • 40875 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot • P18173 UniProtKB/TrEMBL • Q8SXV0
Other Crossreferences
	InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites • Glucose-methanol-choline oxidoreductase, N-terminal (IPR000172) Glucose-methanol-choline oxidoreductase, C-terminal (IPR007867) Glucose-methanol-choline oxidoreductase (IPR012132) BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis • RE20037
Linkouts
	BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions • 66070 DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions. • FBgn0001112 DRSC - Results from RNAi screens. • FBgn0001112 FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies • FBgn0001112 FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array • CG1152-RA FlyMine - Integrated genomics database for Drosophila, Anopheles, and C.elegans • FBgn0001112 GenomeRNAi - GenomeRNAi – A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents • 40875 InterologFinder Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets. • 40875 modMine - Data generated by the modENCODE project. • FBgn0001112
Synonyms & Secondary IDs ( 11 )
Reported As
Symbol Synonym	CG1152 (Takeuchi et al., 2005, Keleman et al., 2009.8.5) GDH (Choudhary et al., 1992) gld (Whetten, 1990.8.14, Whetten, 1990.8.14) GLD (Cavener and Krasney, 1991) Gld (Bartolome and Charlesworth, 2006, Christensen et al., 2008.4.15, Ryu et al., 2004, Chung et al., 2011, Rebeiz et al., 2011, Iida et al., 2007, Takemori and Yamamoto, 2009, Immonen and Ritchie, 2012, Fernández-Ayala et al., 2010, Ko et al., 2003, Kalajdzic et al., 2012) glucose dehydrogenase (Sharma et al., 2011) Go (Zapata et al., 2002, ) l(3)84Cg
Name Synonym	Glucose dehydrogenase (Cho et al., 2005, Chung et al., 2011, Takemori and Yamamoto, 2009, Ko et al., 2003) glucose oxidase (Zapata et al., 2002) Glucose oxidase
Secondary FlyBase IDs
References ( 104 )
Generate a list of	All references relating to this gene ( 104 )
List References by type	Research paper  ( 67 ) Supplementary material  ( 4 ) Review  ( 3 ) Personal communication to FlyBase  ( 13 ) Abstract  ( 5 ) FlyBase analysis  ( 3 ) DNA/RNA sequence record  ( 2 ) Letter  ( 2 ) Curated genome annotation  ( 2 ) Book  ( 1 ) Protein sequence record  ( 1 ) Website  ( 1 )
Recent research papers ( 6 )
	Immonen and Ritchie, 2012, Proc. Biol. Sci. 279(1732): 1359--1365 The genomic response to courtship song stimulation in female Drosophila melanogaster. [FBrf0217554] Kalajdzic et al., 2012, PLoS ONE 7(6): e40296 Use of mutagenesis, genetic mapping and next generation transcriptomics to investigate insecticide resistance mechanisms. [FBrf0218826] Baycin-Hizal et al., 2011, J. Proteome Res. 10(6): 2777--2784 GlycoFly: A Database of Drosophila N-linked Glycoproteins Identified Using SPEG-MS Techniques. [FBrf0213834] Chung et al., 2011, Dev. Biol. 360(1): 160--172 Trachealess (Trh) regulates all tracheal genes during Drosophila embryogenesis. [FBrf0216563] Rebeiz et al., 2011, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 108(25): 10036--10043 Evolutionary origin of a novel gene expression pattern through co-option of the latent activities of existing regulatory sequences. [FBrf0214016] Sharma et al., 2011, Chemosphere 82(3): 370--376 Transcriptome analysis provides insights for understanding the adverse effects of endosulfan in Drosophila melanogaster. [FBrf0212610] Show all research papers ...
Recent reviews (0)
	All reviews listed in FlyBase were published before 2011 Show reviews ...