Gene Dmel\gro

96F11-96F14

(determined by in situ hybridisation)

(Hartley et al., 1988)

Experimentally Determined Recombination Data

Location

3-89.1

3-87

Left of (cM)

Right of (cM)

Notes

Gene Model & Products

Please see the GBrowse view of Dmel\gro for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Comments on Gene Model

Tissue-specific extension of 3' UTRs observed during later stages (FBrf0218523, FBrf0219848); all variants may not be annotated

Gene model reviewed during 5.48

Gene model reviewed during 5.50

Annotated transcripts do not represent all possible combinations of alternative exons and/or alternative promoters.

Annotated transcripts do not represent all supported alternative splices within 5' UTR.

Low-frequency RNA-Seq exon junction(s) not annotated.

GC splice donor site postulated

Transcript Data

Annotated Transcripts

Name

FlyBase ID

RefSeq ID

Length (nt)

Associated CDS (aa)

gro-RA

FBtr0084963

NM_170254

2988

719

gro-RB

FBtr0084962

NM_170255

2969

719

gro-RC

FBtr0084965

NM_170256

2887

719

gro-RD

FBtr0084964

NM_079790

2908

719

gro-RE

FBtr0084966

NM_206575

3002

730

gro-RF

FBtr0302951

NM_001202364

2975

719

gro-RG

FBtr0302952

NM_001202365

2996

728

gro-RH

FBtr0305047

NM_001260380

3951

709

gro-RI

FBtr0337057

NM_001276052

3918

698

gro-RJ

FBtr0339900

3975

717

Additional Transcript Data & Comments

Reported size (kB)

4.4, 3.3 (northern blot)

Comments

External Data

Crossreferences

Polypeptide Data

Annotated Polypeptides

Name

FlyBase ID

Predicted MW (kDa)

Length (aa)

Theoretical pI

RefSeq ID

GenBank protein

gro-PA

FBpp0084337

78.9

719

7.13

NP_733133

AAF56557

gro-PB

FBpp0084336

78.9

719

7.13

NP_733134

AAF56556

gro-PC

FBpp0084339

78.9

719

7.13

NP_733135

AAN14068

gro-PD

FBpp0084338

78.9

719

7.13

NP_524514

AAN14069

gro-PE

FBpp0089115

80.2

730

7.17

NP_996298

AAS65218

gro-PF

FBpp0292077

78.9

719

7.13

NP_001189293

ADV37383

gro-PG

FBpp0292078

80.0

728

7.17

NP_001189294

ADV37384

gro-PH

FBpp0293584

77.9

709

8.03

NP_001247309

AFH06626

gro-PI

FBpp0307986

76.6

698

8.02

NP_001262981

AGB96361

gro-PJ

FBpp0308932

78.7

717

7.13

Additional Polypeptide Data & Comments

Reported size (kDa)

Comments

External Data

Crossreferences

InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites

•

WD40/YVTN repeat-like-containing domain (IPR015943)

WD40-repeat-containing domain (IPR017986)

WD40 repeat (IPR001680)

Groucho/TLE, N-terminal Q-rich domain (IPR005617)

Groucho/transducin-like enhancer (IPR009146)

WD40 repeat, conserved site (IPR019775)

Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model

DDBJ /
EMBL /
GenBank

DNA sequence

Protein sequence

Name

P16371

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Mapped Features

Mapped Features have been reorganized, please see this article for details.

Additional mapped features and mutations can be found on GBrowse or related reports.

Type

Symbol & Location

Additional Notes

References

deletion

gro[MB5]-3
3R:21,869,256..21,869,279

reported_na_change=delta191-214
reported_pr_change=Delta19-27
comment=In frame deletion of residues 19-27 that, together with the adjacent C-to-T nucleotide change just upstream, results in replacement of PIKFTIADT peptide with a single Serine codon. One of three nucleotide changes observed in gro[MB5] mutant. Position of mutation on reference sequence inferred by FlyBase curator.

(Jennings et al., 2008)

point mutation

gro[MB5]-1
3R:21,869,254..21,869,254

(Jennings et al., 2008)

point mutation

gro[MB5]-2
3R:21,869,255..21,869,255

(Jennings et al., 2008)

External Data

Crossreferences

Expression Data

Transcript Expression

No Assay Recorded

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

embryonic stage

central nervous system

in situ

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

embryonic stage

presumptive embryonic/larval peripheral nervous system

embryonic stage | early

embryonic stage 1 -- 3

organism | ubiquitous

Comment:maternally deposited

embryonic stage 4 -- 6

organism | ubiquitous

embryonic stage 7 -- 8

organism | ubiquitous

embryonic stage 9 -- 10

organism | ubiquitous

embryonic stage 11 -- 12

central brain primordium

ventral nerve cord primordium

embryonic stage 13 -- 16

embryonic brain

ventral nerve cord

northern blot

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

embryonic stage 1 -- 11

organism | ubiquitous

embryonic stage 5 -- 11

Comment:reference states 2-6 hr AEL

adult stage | female

Additional Descriptive Data

gro transcripts are expressed at high levels in 2-6 hr embryos, and in adult females. In situ hybridization shows that gro transcripts are ubiquitous in the embryo, and persist until late stage 11.

The distribution of embryonic gro transcripts was compared in D. melanogaster and D. hydei. The patterns of embryonic gene activity were found to be nearly indistinguishable.

Marker for

Subcellular Localization

CV Term

Polypeptide Expression

Additional Descriptive Data

Marker for

Subcellular Localization (GO Cellular Component)

CV term

References

protein complex

inferred from physical interaction with dm

(The modENCODE Consortium, 2010, Graveley et al., 2011)

Expression Deduced from Reporters

High-Throughput Expression Data

Associated Tools

Reference

See Gelbart and Emmert, 2010.10.13 for analysis details and data files for all genes.

FlyAtlas Anatomy Microarray

FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data (Chintapalli et al., 2007)

modENCODE Anatomy RNA-Seq

modENCODE Tissue Expression Data

(modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_tissues)

	Styles
	Linear
	Logarithmic
	Heatmap
	Scales
	gene max expression
	Moderate expression bin max
	High expression bin max
	Extremely high expression bin max

[download data (TSV)]

Guide to modENCODE expression level colors
	No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)
	Very low expression (1 - 3)
	Low expression (4 - 10)
	Moderate expression (11 - 25)
	Moderately high expression (26 - 50)
	High expression (51 - 100)
	Very high expression (101 - 1000)
	Extremely high expression (>1000)

Linear, scaled to maximum expression level
Tissue		Expression Level
imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering		45
central nervous system, larvae L3		66
central nervous system, pupae P8		29
head, virgin 1-day female		14
head, virgin 4-day female		14
head, virgin 20-day female		10
head, mated 1-day female		15
head, mated 4-day female		13
head, mated 20-day female		12
head, mated 1-day male		18
head, mated 4-day male		21
head, mated 20-day male		19
salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering		2
salivary gland, white prepupae		5
digestive system, larvae L3 wandering		11
digestive system, 1-day adult		9
digestive system, 4-day adult		11
digestive system, 20-day adult		11
fat body, larvae L3 wandering		9
fat body, white prepupae		16
fat body, pupae P8		13
carcass, larvae L3 wandering		30
carcass, 1-day adult		9
carcass, 4-day adult		11
carcass, 20-day adult		10
ovary, virgin 4-day female		65
ovary, mated 4-day female		59
testis, mated 4-day male		13
accessory gland, mated 4-day male		8
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high High

Linear, scaled to Moderate expression
Tissue		Expression Level
imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering		(45)
central nervous system, larvae L3		(66)
central nervous system, pupae P8		(29)
head, virgin 1-day female		14
head, virgin 4-day female		14
head, virgin 20-day female		10
head, mated 1-day female		15
head, mated 4-day female		13
head, mated 20-day female		12
head, mated 1-day male		18
head, mated 4-day male		21
head, mated 20-day male		19
salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering		2
salivary gland, white prepupae		5
digestive system, larvae L3 wandering		11
digestive system, 1-day adult		9
digestive system, 4-day adult		11
digestive system, 20-day adult		11
fat body, larvae L3 wandering		9
fat body, white prepupae		16
fat body, pupae P8		13
carcass, larvae L3 wandering		(30)
carcass, 1-day adult		9
carcass, 4-day adult		11
carcass, 20-day adult		10
ovary, virgin 4-day female		(65)
ovary, mated 4-day female		(59)
testis, mated 4-day male		13
accessory gland, mated 4-day male		8
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high

Linear, scaled to High expression
Tissue		Expression Level
imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering		45
central nervous system, larvae L3		66
central nervous system, pupae P8		29
head, virgin 1-day female		14
head, virgin 4-day female		14
head, virgin 20-day female		10
head, mated 1-day female		15
head, mated 4-day female		13
head, mated 20-day female		12
head, mated 1-day male		18
head, mated 4-day male		21
head, mated 20-day male		19
salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering		2
salivary gland, white prepupae		5
digestive system, larvae L3 wandering		11
digestive system, 1-day adult		9
digestive system, 4-day adult		11
digestive system, 20-day adult		11
fat body, larvae L3 wandering		9
fat body, white prepupae		16
fat body, pupae P8		13
carcass, larvae L3 wandering		30
carcass, 1-day adult		9
carcass, 4-day adult		11
carcass, 20-day adult		10
ovary, virgin 4-day female		65
ovary, mated 4-day female		59
testis, mated 4-day male		13
accessory gland, mated 4-day male		8
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high High Very high

Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression
Tissue		Expression Level
imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering		45
central nervous system, larvae L3		66
central nervous system, pupae P8		29
head, virgin 1-day female		14
head, virgin 4-day female		14
head, virgin 20-day female		10
head, mated 1-day female		15
head, mated 4-day female		13
head, mated 20-day female		12
head, mated 1-day male		18
head, mated 4-day male		21
head, mated 20-day male		19
salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering		2
salivary gland, white prepupae		5
digestive system, larvae L3 wandering		11
digestive system, 1-day adult		9
digestive system, 4-day adult		11
digestive system, 20-day adult		11
fat body, larvae L3 wandering		9
fat body, white prepupae		16
fat body, pupae P8		13
carcass, larvae L3 wandering		30
carcass, 1-day adult		9
carcass, 4-day adult		11
carcass, 20-day adult		10
ovary, virgin 4-day female		65
ovary, mated 4-day female		59
testis, mated 4-day male		13
accessory gland, mated 4-day male		8
Expression Level Scale		Extremely high

log, scaled to maximum expression level
Tissue		Expression Level
imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering		45
central nervous system, larvae L3		66
central nervous system, pupae P8		29
head, virgin 1-day female		14
head, virgin 4-day female		14
head, virgin 20-day female		10
head, mated 1-day female		15
head, mated 4-day female		13
head, mated 20-day female		12
head, mated 1-day male		18
head, mated 4-day male		21
head, mated 20-day male		19
salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering		2
salivary gland, white prepupae		5
digestive system, larvae L3 wandering		11
digestive system, 1-day adult		9
digestive system, 4-day adult		11
digestive system, 20-day adult		11
fat body, larvae L3 wandering		9
fat body, white prepupae		16
fat body, pupae P8		13
carcass, larvae L3 wandering		30
carcass, 1-day adult		9
carcass, 4-day adult		11
carcass, 20-day adult		10
ovary, virgin 4-day female		65
ovary, mated 4-day female		59
testis, mated 4-day male		13
accessory gland, mated 4-day male		8
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high High

log, scaled to Moderate expression
Tissue		Expression Level
imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering		(45)
central nervous system, larvae L3		(66)
central nervous system, pupae P8		29
head, virgin 1-day female		14
head, virgin 4-day female		14
head, virgin 20-day female		10
head, mated 1-day female		15
head, mated 4-day female		13
head, mated 20-day female		12
head, mated 1-day male		18
head, mated 4-day male		21
head, mated 20-day male		19
salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering		2
salivary gland, white prepupae		5
digestive system, larvae L3 wandering		11
digestive system, 1-day adult		9
digestive system, 4-day adult		11
digestive system, 20-day adult		11
fat body, larvae L3 wandering		9
fat body, white prepupae		16
fat body, pupae P8		13
carcass, larvae L3 wandering		30
carcass, 1-day adult		9
carcass, 4-day adult		11
carcass, 20-day adult		10
ovary, virgin 4-day female		(65)
ovary, mated 4-day female		(59)
testis, mated 4-day male		13
accessory gland, mated 4-day male		8
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high

log, scaled to High expression
Tissue		Expression Level
imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering		45
central nervous system, larvae L3		66
central nervous system, pupae P8		29
head, virgin 1-day female		14
head, virgin 4-day female		14
head, virgin 20-day female		10
head, mated 1-day female		15
head, mated 4-day female		13
head, mated 20-day female		12
head, mated 1-day male		18
head, mated 4-day male		21
head, mated 20-day male		19
salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering		2
salivary gland, white prepupae		5
digestive system, larvae L3 wandering		11
digestive system, 1-day adult		9
digestive system, 4-day adult		11
digestive system, 20-day adult		11
fat body, larvae L3 wandering		9
fat body, white prepupae		16
fat body, pupae P8		13
carcass, larvae L3 wandering		30
carcass, 1-day adult		9
carcass, 4-day adult		11
carcass, 20-day adult		10
ovary, virgin 4-day female		65
ovary, mated 4-day female		59
testis, mated 4-day male		13
accessory gland, mated 4-day male		8
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high High Very high

log, scaled to Extremely high expression
Tissue		Expression Level
imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering		45
central nervous system, larvae L3		66
central nervous system, pupae P8		29
head, virgin 1-day female		14
head, virgin 4-day female		14
head, virgin 20-day female		10
head, mated 1-day female		15
head, mated 4-day female		13
head, mated 20-day female		12
head, mated 1-day male		18
head, mated 4-day male		21
head, mated 20-day male		19
salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering		2
salivary gland, white prepupae		5
digestive system, larvae L3 wandering		11
digestive system, 1-day adult		9
digestive system, 4-day adult		11
digestive system, 20-day adult		11
fat body, larvae L3 wandering		9
fat body, white prepupae		16
fat body, pupae P8		13
carcass, larvae L3 wandering		30
carcass, 1-day adult		9
carcass, 4-day adult		11
carcass, 20-day adult		10
ovary, virgin 4-day female		65
ovary, mated 4-day female		59
testis, mated 4-day male		13
accessory gland, mated 4-day male		8
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high High Very high Extremely high

Heatmap
Tissue		Expression Level
imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering
central nervous system, larvae L3
central nervous system, pupae P8
head, virgin 1-day female
head, virgin 4-day female
head, virgin 20-day female
head, mated 1-day female
head, mated 4-day female
head, mated 20-day female
head, mated 1-day male
head, mated 4-day male
head, mated 20-day male
salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering
salivary gland, white prepupae
digestive system, larvae L3 wandering
digestive system, 1-day adult
digestive system, 4-day adult
digestive system, 20-day adult
fat body, larvae L3 wandering
fat body, white prepupae
fat body, pupae P8
carcass, larvae L3 wandering
carcass, 1-day adult
carcass, 4-day adult
carcass, 20-day adult
ovary, virgin 4-day female
ovary, mated 4-day female
testis, mated 4-day male
accessory gland, mated 4-day male

modENCODE Development RNA-Seq

modENCODE Temporal Expression Data

(modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_U)

	Styles
	Linear
	Logarithmic
	Heatmap
	Scales
	gene max expression
	Moderate expression bin max
	High expression bin max
	Extremely high expression bin max

Summary of modENCODE Temporal Expression Profile: Temporal profile ranges from a peak of very high expression to a trough of moderate expression. Peak expression observed within 00-06 hour embryonic stages.
[download data (TSV)]

Guide to modENCODE expression level colors
	No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)
	Very low expression (1 - 3)
	Low expression (4 - 10)
	Moderate expression (11 - 25)
	Moderately high expression (26 - 50)
	High expression (51 - 100)
	Very high expression (101 - 1000)
	Extremely high expression (>1000)

Linear, scaled to maximum expression level
Developmental Stage		Expression Level
embryo 00-02hr		122
embryo 02-04hr		175
embryo 04-06hr		102
embryo 06-08hr		97
embryo 08-10hr		81
embryo 10-12hr		61
embryo 12-14hr		46
embryo 14-16hr		60
embryo 16-18hr		44
embryo 18-20hr		26
embryo 20-22hr		46
embryo 22-24hr		38
larva L1		24
larva L2		17
larva L3 12hr old		14
larva L3 puffstage 1-2		14
larva L3 puffstage 3-6		26
larva L3 puffstage 7-9		29
white prepupae new		31
white prepupae 12hr		35
white prepupae 24hr		43
pupae 2d postWPP		24
pupae 3d postWPP		14
pupae 4d postWPP		15
adult male 01day		16
adult male 05day		20
adult male 30day		23
adult female 01day		38
adult female 05day		53
adult female 30day		57
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high High Very high

Linear, scaled to Moderate expression
Developmental Stage		Expression Level
embryo 00-02hr		(122)
embryo 02-04hr		(175)
embryo 04-06hr		(102)
embryo 06-08hr		(97)
embryo 08-10hr		(81)
embryo 10-12hr		(61)
embryo 12-14hr		(46)
embryo 14-16hr		(60)
embryo 16-18hr		(44)
embryo 18-20hr		26
embryo 20-22hr		(46)
embryo 22-24hr		(38)
larva L1		24
larva L2		17
larva L3 12hr old		14
larva L3 puffstage 1-2		14
larva L3 puffstage 3-6		26
larva L3 puffstage 7-9		(29)
white prepupae new		(31)
white prepupae 12hr		(35)
white prepupae 24hr		(43)
pupae 2d postWPP		24
pupae 3d postWPP		14
pupae 4d postWPP		15
adult male 01day		16
adult male 05day		20
adult male 30day		23
adult female 01day		(38)
adult female 05day		(53)
adult female 30day		(57)
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high

Linear, scaled to High expression
Developmental Stage		Expression Level
embryo 00-02hr		(122)
embryo 02-04hr		(175)
embryo 04-06hr		102
embryo 06-08hr		97
embryo 08-10hr		81
embryo 10-12hr		61
embryo 12-14hr		46
embryo 14-16hr		60
embryo 16-18hr		44
embryo 18-20hr		26
embryo 20-22hr		46
embryo 22-24hr		38
larva L1		24
larva L2		17
larva L3 12hr old		14
larva L3 puffstage 1-2		14
larva L3 puffstage 3-6		26
larva L3 puffstage 7-9		29
white prepupae new		31
white prepupae 12hr		35
white prepupae 24hr		43
pupae 2d postWPP		24
pupae 3d postWPP		14
pupae 4d postWPP		15
adult male 01day		16
adult male 05day		20
adult male 30day		23
adult female 01day		38
adult female 05day		53
adult female 30day		57
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high High Very high

Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression
Developmental Stage		Expression Level
embryo 00-02hr		122
embryo 02-04hr		175
embryo 04-06hr		102
embryo 06-08hr		97
embryo 08-10hr		81
embryo 10-12hr		61
embryo 12-14hr		46
embryo 14-16hr		60
embryo 16-18hr		44
embryo 18-20hr		26
embryo 20-22hr		46
embryo 22-24hr		38
larva L1		24
larva L2		17
larva L3 12hr old		14
larva L3 puffstage 1-2		14
larva L3 puffstage 3-6		26
larva L3 puffstage 7-9		29
white prepupae new		31
white prepupae 12hr		35
white prepupae 24hr		43
pupae 2d postWPP		24
pupae 3d postWPP		14
pupae 4d postWPP		15
adult male 01day		16
adult male 05day		20
adult male 30day		23
adult female 01day		38
adult female 05day		53
adult female 30day		57
Expression Level Scale		Extremely high

log, scaled to maximum expression level
Developmental Stage		Expression Level
embryo 00-02hr		122
embryo 02-04hr		175
embryo 04-06hr		102
embryo 06-08hr		97
embryo 08-10hr		81
embryo 10-12hr		61
embryo 12-14hr		46
embryo 14-16hr		60
embryo 16-18hr		44
embryo 18-20hr		26
embryo 20-22hr		46
embryo 22-24hr		38
larva L1		24
larva L2		17
larva L3 12hr old		14
larva L3 puffstage 1-2		14
larva L3 puffstage 3-6		26
larva L3 puffstage 7-9		29
white prepupae new		31
white prepupae 12hr		35
white prepupae 24hr		43
pupae 2d postWPP		24
pupae 3d postWPP		14
pupae 4d postWPP		15
adult male 01day		16
adult male 05day		20
adult male 30day		23
adult female 01day		38
adult female 05day		53
adult female 30day		57
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high High Very high

log, scaled to Moderate expression
Developmental Stage		Expression Level
embryo 00-02hr		(122)
embryo 02-04hr		(175)
embryo 04-06hr		(102)
embryo 06-08hr		(97)
embryo 08-10hr		(81)
embryo 10-12hr		(61)
embryo 12-14hr		(46)
embryo 14-16hr		(60)
embryo 16-18hr		(44)
embryo 18-20hr		26
embryo 20-22hr		(46)
embryo 22-24hr		(38)
larva L1		24
larva L2		17
larva L3 12hr old		14
larva L3 puffstage 1-2		14
larva L3 puffstage 3-6		26
larva L3 puffstage 7-9		29
white prepupae new		31
white prepupae 12hr		(35)
white prepupae 24hr		(43)
pupae 2d postWPP		24
pupae 3d postWPP		14
pupae 4d postWPP		15
adult male 01day		16
adult male 05day		20
adult male 30day		23
adult female 01day		(38)
adult female 05day		(53)
adult female 30day		(57)
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high

log, scaled to High expression
Developmental Stage		Expression Level
embryo 00-02hr		122
embryo 02-04hr		(175)
embryo 04-06hr		102
embryo 06-08hr		97
embryo 08-10hr		81
embryo 10-12hr		61
embryo 12-14hr		46
embryo 14-16hr		60
embryo 16-18hr		44
embryo 18-20hr		26
embryo 20-22hr		46
embryo 22-24hr		38
larva L1		24
larva L2		17
larva L3 12hr old		14
larva L3 puffstage 1-2		14
larva L3 puffstage 3-6		26
larva L3 puffstage 7-9		29
white prepupae new		31
white prepupae 12hr		35
white prepupae 24hr		43
pupae 2d postWPP		24
pupae 3d postWPP		14
pupae 4d postWPP		15
adult male 01day		16
adult male 05day		20
adult male 30day		23
adult female 01day		38
adult female 05day		53
adult female 30day		57
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high High Very high

log, scaled to Extremely high expression
Developmental Stage		Expression Level
embryo 00-02hr		122
embryo 02-04hr		175
embryo 04-06hr		102
embryo 06-08hr		97
embryo 08-10hr		81
embryo 10-12hr		61
embryo 12-14hr		46
embryo 14-16hr		60
embryo 16-18hr		44
embryo 18-20hr		26
embryo 20-22hr		46
embryo 22-24hr		38
larva L1		24
larva L2		17
larva L3 12hr old		14
larva L3 puffstage 1-2		14
larva L3 puffstage 3-6		26
larva L3 puffstage 7-9		29
white prepupae new		31
white prepupae 12hr		35
white prepupae 24hr		43
pupae 2d postWPP		24
pupae 3d postWPP		14
pupae 4d postWPP		15
adult male 01day		16
adult male 05day		20
adult male 30day		23
adult female 01day		38
adult female 05day		53
adult female 30day		57
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high High Very high Extremely high

Heatmap
Developmental Stage		Expression Level
embryo 00-02hr
embryo 02-04hr
embryo 04-06hr
embryo 06-08hr
embryo 08-10hr
embryo 10-12hr
embryo 12-14hr
embryo 14-16hr
embryo 16-18hr
embryo 18-20hr
embryo 20-22hr
embryo 22-24hr
larva L1
larva L2
larva L3 12hr old
larva L3 puffstage 1-2
larva L3 puffstage 3-6
larva L3 puffstage 7-9
white prepupae new
white prepupae 12hr
white prepupae 24hr
pupae 2d postWPP
pupae 3d postWPP
pupae 4d postWPP
adult male 01day
adult male 05day
adult male 30day
adult female 01day
adult female 05day
adult female 30day

modENCODE Temporal Expression Data (Graveley et al., 2011)

modENCODE Cell Lines RNA-Seq

modENCODE Cell Line Expression Data

(modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_cell.A)

(modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_cell.B)

	Styles
	Linear
	Logarithmic
	Heatmap
	Scales
	gene max expression
	Moderate expression bin max
	High expression bin max
	Extremely high expression bin max

[download data (TSV)]

Guide to modENCODE expression level colors
	No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)
	Very low expression (1 - 3)
	Low expression (4 - 10)
	Moderate expression (11 - 25)
	Moderately high expression (26 - 50)
	High expression (51 - 100)
	Very high expression (101 - 1000)
	Extremely high expression (>1000)

Linear, scaled to maximum expression level
Cell Line		Expression Level
Schneider line 2 S2R+		65
Schneider line 2 Sg4		47
embryonic 1182-4H		31
embryonic GM2		28
embryonic Kc167		68
embryonic S1		37
embryonic S3		46
leg disc CME L1		40
wing disc CME-W2		32
wing disc ML-DmD8		40
wing disc ML-DmD9		34
wing disc ML-DmD16-c3		44
wing disc ML-DmD21		32
wing disc ML-DmD32		39
haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3		59
eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11		30
antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5		24
mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1		36
CNS ML-DmBG1-c1		37
CNS ML-DmBG2-c2		30
tumorous blood cells mbn2		43
ovary fGS/OSS		62
ovary OSC		67
ovary OSS		32
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high High

Linear, scaled to Moderate expression
Cell Line		Expression Level
Schneider line 2 S2R+		(65)
Schneider line 2 Sg4		(47)
embryonic 1182-4H		(31)
embryonic GM2		(28)
embryonic Kc167		(68)
embryonic S1		(37)
embryonic S3		(46)
leg disc CME L1		(40)
wing disc CME-W2		(32)
wing disc ML-DmD8		(40)
wing disc ML-DmD9		(34)
wing disc ML-DmD16-c3		(44)
wing disc ML-DmD21		(32)
wing disc ML-DmD32		(39)
haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3		(59)
eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11		(30)
antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5		24
mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1		(36)
CNS ML-DmBG1-c1		(37)
CNS ML-DmBG2-c2		(30)
tumorous blood cells mbn2		(43)
ovary fGS/OSS		(62)
ovary OSC		(67)
ovary OSS		(32)
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high

Linear, scaled to High expression
Cell Line		Expression Level
Schneider line 2 S2R+		65
Schneider line 2 Sg4		47
embryonic 1182-4H		31
embryonic GM2		28
embryonic Kc167		68
embryonic S1		37
embryonic S3		46
leg disc CME L1		40
wing disc CME-W2		32
wing disc ML-DmD8		40
wing disc ML-DmD9		34
wing disc ML-DmD16-c3		44
wing disc ML-DmD21		32
wing disc ML-DmD32		39
haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3		59
eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11		30
antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5		24
mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1		36
CNS ML-DmBG1-c1		37
CNS ML-DmBG2-c2		30
tumorous blood cells mbn2		43
ovary fGS/OSS		62
ovary OSC		67
ovary OSS		32
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high High Very high

Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression
Cell Line		Expression Level
Schneider line 2 S2R+		65
Schneider line 2 Sg4		47
embryonic 1182-4H		31
embryonic GM2		28
embryonic Kc167		68
embryonic S1		37
embryonic S3		46
leg disc CME L1		40
wing disc CME-W2		32
wing disc ML-DmD8		40
wing disc ML-DmD9		34
wing disc ML-DmD16-c3		44
wing disc ML-DmD21		32
wing disc ML-DmD32		39
haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3		59
eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11		30
antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5		24
mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1		36
CNS ML-DmBG1-c1		37
CNS ML-DmBG2-c2		30
tumorous blood cells mbn2		43
ovary fGS/OSS		62
ovary OSC		67
ovary OSS		32
Expression Level Scale		Extremely high

log, scaled to maximum expression level
Cell Line		Expression Level
Schneider line 2 S2R+		65
Schneider line 2 Sg4		47
embryonic 1182-4H		31
embryonic GM2		28
embryonic Kc167		68
embryonic S1		37
embryonic S3		46
leg disc CME L1		40
wing disc CME-W2		32
wing disc ML-DmD8		40
wing disc ML-DmD9		34
wing disc ML-DmD16-c3		44
wing disc ML-DmD21		32
wing disc ML-DmD32		39
haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3		59
eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11		30
antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5		24
mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1		36
CNS ML-DmBG1-c1		37
CNS ML-DmBG2-c2		30
tumorous blood cells mbn2		43
ovary fGS/OSS		62
ovary OSC		67
ovary OSS		32
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high High Very high

log, scaled to Moderate expression
Cell Line		Expression Level
Schneider line 2 S2R+		(65)
Schneider line 2 Sg4		(47)
embryonic 1182-4H		31
embryonic GM2		28
embryonic Kc167		(68)
embryonic S1		(37)
embryonic S3		(46)
leg disc CME L1		(40)
wing disc CME-W2		32
wing disc ML-DmD8		(40)
wing disc ML-DmD9		(34)
wing disc ML-DmD16-c3		(44)
wing disc ML-DmD21		32
wing disc ML-DmD32		(39)
haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3		(59)
eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11		30
antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5		24
mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1		(36)
CNS ML-DmBG1-c1		(37)
CNS ML-DmBG2-c2		30
tumorous blood cells mbn2		(43)
ovary fGS/OSS		(62)
ovary OSC		(67)
ovary OSS		32
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high

log, scaled to High expression
Cell Line		Expression Level
Schneider line 2 S2R+		65
Schneider line 2 Sg4		47
embryonic 1182-4H		31
embryonic GM2		28
embryonic Kc167		68
embryonic S1		37
embryonic S3		46
leg disc CME L1		40
wing disc CME-W2		32
wing disc ML-DmD8		40
wing disc ML-DmD9		34
wing disc ML-DmD16-c3		44
wing disc ML-DmD21		32
wing disc ML-DmD32		39
haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3		59
eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11		30
antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5		24
mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1		36
CNS ML-DmBG1-c1		37
CNS ML-DmBG2-c2		30
tumorous blood cells mbn2		43
ovary fGS/OSS		62
ovary OSC		67
ovary OSS		32
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high High Very high

log, scaled to Extremely high expression
Cell Line		Expression Level
Schneider line 2 S2R+		65
Schneider line 2 Sg4		47
embryonic 1182-4H		31
embryonic GM2		28
embryonic Kc167		68
embryonic S1		37
embryonic S3		46
leg disc CME L1		40
wing disc CME-W2		32
wing disc ML-DmD8		40
wing disc ML-DmD9		34
wing disc ML-DmD16-c3		44
wing disc ML-DmD21		32
wing disc ML-DmD32		39
haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3		59
eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11		30
antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5		24
mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1		36
CNS ML-DmBG1-c1		37
CNS ML-DmBG2-c2		30
tumorous blood cells mbn2		43
ovary fGS/OSS		62
ovary OSC		67
ovary OSS		32
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high High Very high Extremely high

Heatmap
Cell Line		Expression Level
Schneider line 2 S2R+
Schneider line 2 Sg4
embryonic 1182-4H
embryonic GM2
embryonic Kc167
embryonic S1
embryonic S3
leg disc CME L1
wing disc CME-W2
wing disc ML-DmD8
wing disc ML-DmD9
wing disc ML-DmD16-c3
wing disc ML-DmD21
wing disc ML-DmD32
haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3
eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11
antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5
mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1
CNS ML-DmBG1-c1
CNS ML-DmBG2-c2
tumorous blood cells mbn2
ovary fGS/OSS
ovary OSC
ovary OSS

modENCODE Treatments RNA-Seq

modENCODE Treatment Expression Data

(modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_treatments)

	Styles
	Linear
	Logarithmic
	Heatmap
	Scales
	gene max expression
	Moderate expression bin max
	High expression bin max
	Extremely high expression bin max

[download data (TSV)]

Guide to modENCODE expression level colors
	No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)
	Very low expression (1 - 3)
	Low expression (4 - 10)
	Moderate expression (11 - 25)
	Moderately high expression (26 - 50)
	High expression (51 - 100)
	Very high expression (101 - 1000)
	Extremely high expression (>1000)

Linear, scaled to maximum expression level
Treatment		Expression Level
extended cold, 4-day adult		22
cold shock, 4-day adult		13
heat shock, 4-day adult		25
Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3		12
Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		12
Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		23
Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		47
Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		14
Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		39
Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		9
Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		13
Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3		51
Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3		12
Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3		12
Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3		9
Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult		43
Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult		20
Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		39
Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		39
Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3		10
Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3		10
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high High

Linear, scaled to Moderate expression
Treatment		Expression Level
extended cold, 4-day adult		22
cold shock, 4-day adult		13
heat shock, 4-day adult		25
Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3		12
Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		12
Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		23
Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		(47)
Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		14
Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		(39)
Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		9
Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		13
Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3		(51)
Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3		12
Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3		12
Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3		9
Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult		(43)
Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult		20
Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		(39)
Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		(39)
Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3		10
Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3		10
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high

Linear, scaled to High expression
Treatment		Expression Level
extended cold, 4-day adult		22
cold shock, 4-day adult		13
heat shock, 4-day adult		25
Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3		12
Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		12
Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		23
Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		47
Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		14
Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		39
Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		9
Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		13
Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3		51
Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3		12
Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3		12
Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3		9
Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult		43
Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult		20
Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		39
Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		39
Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3		10
Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3		10
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high High Very high

Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression
Treatment		Expression Level
extended cold, 4-day adult		22
cold shock, 4-day adult		13
heat shock, 4-day adult		25
Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3		12
Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		12
Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		23
Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		47
Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		14
Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		39
Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		9
Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		13
Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3		51
Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3		12
Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3		12
Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3		9
Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult		43
Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult		20
Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		39
Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		39
Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3		10
Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3		10
Expression Level Scale		Extremely high

log, scaled to maximum expression level
Treatment		Expression Level
extended cold, 4-day adult		22
cold shock, 4-day adult		13
heat shock, 4-day adult		25
Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3		12
Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		12
Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		23
Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		47
Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		14
Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		39
Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		9
Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		13
Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3		51
Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3		12
Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3		12
Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3		9
Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult		43
Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult		20
Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		39
Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		39
Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3		10
Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3		10
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high High

log, scaled to Moderate expression
Treatment		Expression Level
extended cold, 4-day adult		22
cold shock, 4-day adult		13
heat shock, 4-day adult		25
Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3		12
Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		12
Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		23
Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		(47)
Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		14
Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		(39)
Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		9
Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		13
Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3		(51)
Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3		12
Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3		12
Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3		9
Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult		(43)
Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult		20
Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		(39)
Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		(39)
Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3		10
Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3		10
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high

log, scaled to High expression
Treatment		Expression Level
extended cold, 4-day adult		22
cold shock, 4-day adult		13
heat shock, 4-day adult		25
Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3		12
Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		12
Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		23
Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		47
Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		14
Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		39
Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		9
Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		13
Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3		51
Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3		12
Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3		12
Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3		9
Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult		43
Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult		20
Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		39
Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		39
Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3		10
Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3		10
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high High Very high

log, scaled to Extremely high expression
Treatment		Expression Level
extended cold, 4-day adult		22
cold shock, 4-day adult		13
heat shock, 4-day adult		25
Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3		12
Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		12
Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		23
Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		47
Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		14
Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		39
Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		9
Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		13
Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3		51
Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3		12
Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3		12
Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3		9
Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult		43
Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult		20
Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		39
Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		39
Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3		10
Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3		10
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high High Very high Extremely high

Heatmap
Treatment		Expression Level
extended cold, 4-day adult
cold shock, 4-day adult
heat shock, 4-day adult
Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3
Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3
Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult
Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult
Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3
Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult
Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3
Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult
Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3
Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3
Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3
Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3
Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult
Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult
Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult
Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult
Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3
Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3

Expression Clusters

A cluster of genes with similar mRNA expression dynamics across development.

External Data & Images

partially lethal - majority live

BDGP expression data

•

LD33829

FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies

•

FBgn0001139

FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array

•

CG8384-RB

Alleles & Phenotypes

Summary of Allele Phenotypes

Lethality

Allele

lethal

lethal, with Scer\GAL4^29BD

gro^GS3230

lethal, with Scer\GAL4^c355

gro^GS3230

lethal, with Scer\GAL4^dpp.blk1

gro^GS3230

lethal, with Scer\GAL4^hs.2sev

gro^GS3230

lethal | dominant | maternal effect

gro^E73

lethal | embryonic stage, with Scer\GAL4^{mat.αTub67C.T:Hsim\VP16}

lethal | embryonic stage | maternal effect, with Scer\GAL4^{nos.UTR.T:Hsim\VP16}

lethal | embryonic stage | neurogenic phenotype | recessive

lethal | embryonic stage | recessive

lethal | maternal effect, with Scer\GAL4^{nos.UTR.T:Hsim\VP16}

gro^{DD.Scer\UAS.P\T}

lethal | neurogenic phenotype

lethal | pharate adult stage, with Scer\GAL4^bi-omb-Gal4

lethal | pupal stage | recessive

gro^E107

lethal | recessive

partially lethal - majority die | pupal stage, with Scer\GAL4^pnr-MD237

gro^GD1456

viable

viable | recessive

gro^BFP2

Sterility

Allele

female sterile | partially

gro^BFP2

male sterile | partially

gro^BFP2

Other Phenotypes

Allele

embryonic/larval segmentation phenotype | maternal effect, with Scer\GAL4^{nos.UTR.T:Hsim\VP16}

gro^{Scer\UAS.P\T.cCa}

neuroanatomy defective | embryonic stage, with Scer\GAL4^{nos.UTR.T:Hsim\VP16}

visible

gro^C105

visible, with Scer\GAL4^Bx-MS1096

gro^{Nterm.Scer\UAS}

visible, with Scer\GAL4^ey.PH

visible, with Scer\GAL4^ey.PU

gro^Scer\UAS.cAa

visible, with Scer\GAL4^pnr-MD237

gro^GD1456

visible, with Scer\GAL4^sd-SG29.1

gro^{Nterm.Scer\UAS}

visible, with Scer\GAL4^Ser.PGF

visible (with gro¹)

gro^C105

visible (with gro^C105)

gro¹

visible | dominant

visible | recessive

visible | recessive | somatic clone

gro^E48

visible | somatic clone

gro^E48

wild-type

gro^+t10.4

Phenotype manifest in

Allele

adult head & microchaeta

anterior postalar bristle

gro^E48

chaeta | ectopic | somatic clone

gro^E48

chaeta | supernumerary, with Scer\GAL4^pnr-MD237

gro^GD1456

dendrite

gro^unspecified

denticle belt

embryonic/first instar larval cuticle

gro^MB12

embryonic/first instar larval cuticle, with Scer\GAL4^{mat.αTub67C.T:Hsim\VP16}

embryonic/first instar larval cuticle | germline clone | maternal effect

embryonic/first instar larval cuticle | maternal effect

gro^MB36

embryonic epidermis

gro^E48

eye

gro¹³¹

eye, with Scer\GAL4^ey.PH

eye, with Scer\GAL4^ey.PU

gro^Scer\UAS.cAa

eye-antennal disc | late third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4^ey.PH

eye photoreceptor cell & eye-antennal disc, with Scer\GAL4^ey.PH

filzkorper | maternal effect, with Scer\GAL4^{nos.UTR.T:Hsim\VP16}

frontal bristle | supernumerary (with gro¹)

gro^C105

frontal bristle | supernumerary (with gro^C105)

gro¹

head capsule, with Scer\GAL4^ey.PH

gro^SA.Scer\UAS

intermediate ventral neurectoderm, with Scer\GAL4^{nos.UTR.T:Hsim\VP16}

larval head | maternal effect, with Scer\GAL4^{nos.UTR.T:Hsim\VP16}

gro^{Scer\UAS.P\T.cCa}

leg, with Scer\GAL4^bi-omb-Gal4

macrochaeta

macrochaeta & abdominal tergite

gro¹

macrochaeta & head

gro¹

macrochaeta & scutum

macrochaeta & thorax

gro¹

mesothoracic tergum, with Scer\GAL4^pnr-MD237

gro^GD1456

mesothoracic tergum & macrochaeta, with Scer\GAL4^sca-C253

mesothoracic tergum | somatic clone

gro^E48

microchaeta & abdominal tergite

gro¹

microchaeta & head

gro¹

microchaeta & scutum

microchaeta & thorax

gro¹

microchaeta | ectopic | somatic clone

gro^E48

ocellus

ommatidium

gro^BFP2

photoreceptor cell | somatic clone

scutellum | somatic clone

gro^E48

sense organ & wing

sensory mother cell, with Scer\GAL4^sca-C253

gro^Scer\UAS.cAa

ventral nerve cord primordium, with Scer\GAL4^rho.PU

gro^Scer\UAS.cAa

ventral nerve cord primordium | maternal effect

gro^E47

wing, with Scer\GAL4^Bx-MS1096

gro^{Nterm.Scer\UAS}

wing, with Scer\GAL4^sd-SG29.1

gro^{Nterm.Scer\UAS}

wing, with Scer\GAL4^Ser.PGF

wing | anterior compartment

wing | dorsal/ventral compartment boundary

gro¹

wing margin, with Scer\GAL4^sd-SG29.1

gro^{Nterm.Scer\UAS}

wing vein, with Scer\GAL4^Bx-MS1096

wing vein, with Scer\GAL4^sd-SG29.1

gro^{Nterm.Scer\UAS}

wing vein L1

gro¹

wing vein L2

gro¹

wing vein L3

gro¹

wing vein L4, with Scer\GAL4^Ser.PGF

gro^{ΔCcN.Scer\UAS.P\T}

wing vein L5

wing vein L5, with Scer\GAL4^Ser.PGF

gro^{ΔCcN.Scer\UAS.P\T}

Classical Alleles ( 65 )

For All Classical Alleles Show

Allele of gro	Class	Mutagen	Stocks	Known lesion
gro¹	hypomorphic allele - genetic evidence	spontaneous	2	Yes
gro^C105		ethyl methanesulfonate	2	--
gro^GS3230		Delta2-3	1	Yes
gro^KG07117		P-element activity	1	--
gro^B88	amorphic allele - genetic evidence	ethyl methanesulfonate	0	--
gro^E48	amorphic allele - genetic evidence, loss of function allele, hypomorphic allele - genetic evidence	ethyl methanesulfonate	0	Yes
gro^E73	antimorphic allele - genetic evidence, amorphic allele - genetic evidence, hypomorphic allele - genetic evidence	ethyl methanesulfonate	0	Yes
gro¹⁰⁵²			0	--
gro¹³¹			0	--
gro¹⁶		ethyl methanesulfonate	0	--
gro¹⁷		ethyl methanesulfonate	0	--
gro¹⁸		ethyl methanesulfonate	0	--
gro²⁰⁵³			0	--
gro²⁶		ethyl methanesulfonate	0	--
gro²⁷		ethyl methanesulfonate	0	--
gro²⁸		ethyl methanesulfonate	0	--
gro²		ethyl methanesulfonate	0	--
gro³¹		ethyl methanesulfonate	0	--
gro³³		ethyl methanesulfonate	0	--
gro³⁴⁷			0	--
gro³		ethyl methanesulfonate	0	--
gro⁴³		ethyl methanesulfonate	0	--
gro⁴⁵		ethyl methanesulfonate	0	--
gro⁵⁹		ethyl methanesulfonate	0	--
gro⁷⁸¹			0	--
gro⁹⁴²			0	--
gro^b32.2	hypomorphic allele - genetic evidence		0	--
gro^B37		ethyl methanesulfonate	0	--
gro^B48	loss of function allele	ethyl methanesulfonate	0	--
gro^B7		ethyl methanesulfonate	0	--
gro^B93		ethyl methanesulfonate	0	--
gro^BFP2		ethyl methanesulfonate	0	--
gro^DG12307		P-element activity	0	--
gro^E(spl)-1			0	--
gro^E107	hypomorphic allele - genetic evidence	ethyl methanesulfonate	0	Yes
gro^E28		ethyl methanesulfonate	0	--
gro^E47			0	--
gro^E75		ethyl methanesulfonate	0	--
gro^Eal13			0	--
gro^Eal37			0	--
gro^EP3619		P-element activity	0	--
gro^MB11		ethyl methanesulfonate	0	Yes
gro^MB12		ethyl methanesulfonate	0	Yes
gro^MB13		ethyl methanesulfonate	0	Yes
gro^MB15		ethyl methanesulfonate	0	Yes
gro^MB18		ethyl methanesulfonate	0	Yes
gro^MB19		ethyl methanesulfonate	0	Yes
gro^MB21		ethyl methanesulfonate	0	Yes
gro^MB25		ethyl methanesulfonate	0	Yes
gro^MB27		ethyl methanesulfonate	0	Yes
gro^MB30		ethyl methanesulfonate	0	Yes
gro^MB31		ethyl methanesulfonate	0	Yes
gro^MB33		ethyl methanesulfonate	0	Yes
gro^MB34		ethyl methanesulfonate	0	Yes
gro^MB35		ethyl methanesulfonate	0	Yes
gro^MB36		ethyl methanesulfonate	0	Yes
gro^MB37		ethyl methanesulfonate	0	Yes
gro^MB41		ethyl methanesulfonate	0	Yes
gro^MB42		ethyl methanesulfonate	0	Yes
gro^MB5		ethyl methanesulfonate	0	Yes
gro^MB6		ethyl methanesulfonate	0	Yes
gro^MBB		ethyl methanesulfonate	0	Yes
gro^MBD		ethyl methanesulfonate	0	Yes
gro^ry78		Delta2-3	0	Yes
gro^unspecified			0	--

Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs ( 70 )

For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show

Allele of gro	Mutagen	Stocks	Known lesion
gro^GD1456	in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion	2	Yes
gro^HMS01506	in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion	1	Yes
gro^{T:Avic\GFP-SF,T:Zzzz\FLAG}	in vitro construct - coding region fusion	1	Yes
gro^+t10.4	in vitro construct - genomic fragment	0	Yes
gro^+t10	in vitro construct - genomic fragment	0	Yes
gro^+t9.2	in vitro construct - genomic fragment	0	Yes
gro^{1-121.Act5C.T:Scer\GAL4}	in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - coding region fusion	0	Yes
gro^{1-192.Act5C.T:Scer\GAL4}	in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - coding region fusion	0	Yes
gro^{1-264.Act5C.T:Scer\GAL4}	in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - coding region fusion	0	Yes
gro^{1-420.Act5C.T:Scer\GAL4}	in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - coding region fusion	0	Yes
gro^{1-719.Act5C.T:Scer\GAL4}	in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - coding region fusion	0	Yes
gro^{120-420.Act5C.T:Scer\GAL4}	in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - coding region fusion	0	Yes
gro^{120-719.Act5C.T:Scer\GAL4}	in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - coding region fusion	0	Yes
gro^{121-194.Act5C.T:Scer\GAL4,T:Hsap\TP53}	in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - coding region fusion	0	Yes
gro^{121-194.Act5C.T:Scer\GAL4}	in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - coding region fusion	0	Yes
gro^{121-390.Act5C.T:Scer\GAL4,T:Hsap\TP53}	in vitro construct - deletion	0	Yes
gro^{2-390LL.Act5C.T:Scer\GAL4,T:Hsap\TP53}	in vitro construct - deletion	0	Yes
gro^{2-719LL.Act5C.T:Scer\GAL4,T:Hsap\TP53}	in vitro construct - amino acid replacement	0	Yes
gro^{342-719.Act5C.T:Scer\GAL4}	in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - coding region fusion	0	Yes
gro^{391-719.Act5C.T:Scer\GAL4}	in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - coding region fusion	0	Yes
gro^{AA.cLa.Scer\UAS}	in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - amino acid replacement	0	Yes
gro^{AA.MtnA.T:SV5\V5}	in vitro construct - coding region fusion in vitro construct - regulatory fusion	0	Yes
gro^{AA.Scer\UAS.P\T}	in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - amino acid replacement	0	Yes
gro^{AA.Scer\UAS.T:Ivir\HA1}	in vitro construct - coding region fusion	0	Yes
gro^AA.Scer\UAS	in vitro construct - site directed mutagenesis	0	Yes
gro^Act5C.PD	in vitro construct - regulatory fusion	0	Yes
gro^Act5C.PR	in vitro construct - regulatory fusion	0	Yes
gro^{Act5C.T:Scer\GAL4}	in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - coding region fusion	0	Yes
gro^{Act5C.T:Zzzz\FLAG}	in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - coding region fusion	0	Yes
gro^{cdc2-.Scer\UAS}	in vitro construct - site directed mutagenesis	0	Yes
gro^D	in vitro construct - genomic fragment	0	Yes
gro^{DD.Scer\UAS.P\T}	in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - amino acid replacement	0	Yes
gro^DD.Scer\UAS	in vitro construct - amino acid replacement	0	Yes
gro^dsRNA.cRa	in vitro construct - RNAi	0	Yes
gro^{dsRNA.Scer\UAS}	in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - RNAi	0	Yes
gro^E(spl)-1.tNa	in vitro construct	0	Yes
gro^{EE.cLa.Scer\UAS}	in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - amino acid replacement	0	Yes
gro^{hs.T:Ecol\dam,T:Hsap\MYC}	in vitro construct - coding region fusion in vitro construct - regulatory fusion	0	Yes
gro^KK108953	in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion	0	Yes
gro^{L38P.Act5C.T:Scer\GAL4}	in vitro construct - site directed mutagenesis in vitro construct - amino acid replacement	0	Yes
gro^{L38P.L87P.Act5C.T:Scer\GAL4}	in vitro construct - site directed mutagenesis in vitro construct - amino acid replacement	0	Yes
gro^{L87P.Act5C.T:Scer\GAL4}	in vitro construct - site directed mutagenesis in vitro construct - amino acid replacement	0	Yes
gro^{MtnA.T:SV5\V5}	in vitro construct - coding region fusion in vitro construct - regulatory fusion	0	Yes
gro^NIG.8384R	in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion	0	Yes
gro^{NLS-.Scer\UAS}	in vitro construct - site directed mutagenesis	0	Yes
gro^{Nterm.Scer\UAS}	in vitro construct - regulatory fusion	0	Yes
gro^SA.Scer\UAS	in vitro construct - site directed mutagenesis	0	Yes
gro^Scer\UAS.cAa	in vitro construct - regulatory fusion	0	Yes
gro^Scer\UAS.cCa	in vitro construct - regulatory fusion	0	Yes
gro^{Scer\UAS.P\T.cCa}	in vitro construct - regulatory fusion	0	Yes
gro^{Scer\UAS.P\T.WT}	in vitro construct - regulatory fusion	0	Yes
gro^{Scer\UAS.T:Ivir\HA1}	in vitro construct - coding region fusion	0	Yes
gro^{Scer\UAS.WT.T:Hsap\MYC}	in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - coding region fusion	0	Yes
gro^SE.Scer\UAS	in vitro construct - site directed mutagenesis	0	Yes
gro^{TD.Act5C.T:Scer\GAL4,T:Hsap\TP53}	in vitro construct - coding region fusion in vitro construct - regulatory fusion	0	Yes
gro^{WT.Act5C.T:Scer\GAL4}	in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - coding region fusion	0	Yes
gro^{ΔCcN.Scer\UAS.P\T}	in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - deletion	0	Yes
gro^{ΔCcN.Scer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC}	in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - deletion in vitro construct - coding region fusion	0	Yes
gro^ΔCcN	in vitro construct - deletion	0	Yes
gro^{ΔCR.Scer\UAS.P\T}	in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - deletion	0	Yes
gro^{ΔCR.Scer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC}	in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - deletion in vitro construct - coding region fusion	0	Yes
gro^{ΔGCS.Scer\UAS}	in vitro construct - deletion	0	Yes
gro^{ΔGP.Scer\UAS.P\T}	in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - deletion	0	Yes
gro^{ΔGP.Scer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC}	in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - deletion in vitro construct - coding region fusion	0	Yes
gro^ΔGP	in vitro construct - deletion	0	Yes
gro^ΔQ.Scer\UAS	in vitro construct - deletion	0	Yes
gro^{ΔSP.Scer\UAS.P\T}	in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - deletion	0	Yes
gro^{ΔSP.Scer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC}	in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - deletion in vitro construct - coding region fusion	0	Yes
gro^ΔSP	in vitro construct - deletion	0	Yes
gro^{ΔWD40.Scer\UAS}	in vitro construct - deletion	0	Yes

Aneuploid Aberrations

Disrupted in

Df(3R)boss9

(Christensen et al., 2009.2.28)

Df(3R)BSC751

Df(3R)E(spl)-r8.1

(Schrons et al., 1992, Heitzler et al., 1996)

Df(3R)E(spl)-r72.1

(Schrons et al., 1992, Tietze et al., 1993, de Celis and Ruiz-Gomez, 1995)

Df(3R)E(spl)-rv27

Df(3R)ED6232

(Ryder and Roote, 2004.11.10)

Df(3R)Espl1

(Bodmer et al., 1993)

Df(3R)Espl3

(Cook and Carpenter, 2002, Jiang and Crews, 2006, Crews, 2007.1.6)

Df(3R)Espl4

(Schrons et al., 1992, Heitzler et al., 1996)

Df(3R)Espl9

(Fischer-Vize et al., 1992, de Celis and Ruiz-Gomez, 1995)

Df(3R)Espl10

(Ligoxygakis et al., 1998, Fischer-Vize et al., 1992, de Celis and Ruiz-Gomez, 1995, Price et al., 1997)

Df(3R)Espl22

Df(3R)Exel6204

(Ryder, 2004.4.26, Crews, 2007.1.6)

Df(3R)gro^b32.2

(Heitzler et al., 1996, de Celis et al., 1997)

Df(3R)gro^r32.1

(Schrons et al., 1992, Tietze et al., 1992)

Df(3R)gro^ry78R-r171.1

Df(3R)P709

(Delidakis et al., 1991, Fischer-Vize et al., 1992)

Df(3R)ro80b

Df(3R)Tl-I

Df(3R)Tl-P

T(2;3)boss³

(Ligoxygakis et al., 1998, Schrons et al., 1992, de Celis et al., 1996)

Partially disrupted in

Df(3R)gro^b32.2

Not disrupted in

Df(3R)boss14

(Delidakis et al., 1991)

Df(3R)boss15

(Delidakis et al., 1991, Fischer-Vize et al., 1992)

Df(3R)boss16

(Chanet et al., 2009, Bardin et al., 2010)

Df(3R)E(spl)δ-6

Df(3R)ED6235

(Ryder and Roote, 2004.11.10)

Df(3R)ME61

Df(3R)Tl-X

Duplicated in

Dp(3;2)E(spl)δ-8

(Chanet et al., 2009)

Dp(3;2)E(spl)δ-8Δα46

(Chanet et al., 2009)

Transgenic Constructs & Insertions

Transgenic Constructs

Type of construct

Name

Expression data

UAS construct

characterization construct

Insertions

Type of insertions

Name

Expression data

insertion of mobile activating element

P{EP}gro^EP3619

P{GSV1}gro^GS3230

miscellaneous insertions

?{}gro¹

P{(loxP.en.8)w}12A

P{SUPor-P}gro^KG07117

P{wHy}gro^DG12307

insertion of enhancer trap

P{lacZ-un1}gro^ry78

Gene Ontology: Function, Process & Cellular Component ( 19 unique terms )

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence ( 15 terms )

Molecular Function

CV term

References

HMG box domain binding

inferred from physical interaction with UniProtKB:Q9UJU2

(assigned by UniProtKB)

protein binding

inferred from physical interaction with dm

repressing transcription factor binding

inferred from physical interaction with elB

(Dorfman et al., 2002)

inferred from physical interaction with h

(Zhang and Levine, 1999)

inferred from genetic interaction with HLHm7

(Giagtzoglou et al., 2003)

inferred from physical interaction with cic

(Jimenez et al., 2000)

inferred from physical interaction with hkb

RNA polymerase II transcription corepressor activity

inferred from physical interaction with retn

(Valentine et al., 1998)

inferred from genetic interaction with HLHm7

(Giagtzoglou et al., 2003)

transcription corepressor activity

inferred from direct assay

(assigned by UniProtKB)

transcription factor binding

inferred from physical interaction with h

(Mannervik et al., 1999)

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Ajuria et al., 2011)

inferred from physical interaction with dl

(Valentine et al., 1998)

inferred from physical interaction with h

inferred from physical interaction with HGTX

(Syu et al., 2009)

inferred from physical interaction with HLHm7

inferred from physical interaction with so

(Kenyon et al., 2005)

Biological Process

CV term

actin filament organization

References

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Kiger et al., 2003)

dendrite morphogenesis

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Parrish et al., 2006)

lateral inhibition

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Mummery-Widmer et al., 2009)

negative regulation of canonical Wnt receptor signaling pathway

inferred from direct assay

(assigned by UniProtKB)

negative regulation of smoothened signaling pathway

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Bejarano et al., 2007)

negative regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent

inferred from direct assay

(assigned by UniProtKB)

inferred from genetic interaction with dm

negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter

inferred from physical interaction with h

(Zhang and Levine, 1999)

nervous system development

inferred from mutant phenotype

Cellular Component

CV term

References

protein complex

inferred from physical interaction with dm

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions ( 8 terms )

Molecular Function

CV term

transcription corepressor activity

References

NOT
DNA binding

non-traceable author statement

(Courey and Jia, 2001)

non-traceable author statement

(Swiss-Prot Project Members, 1990.8.1, Schutt and Nothiger, 2000, Courey and Jia, 2001)

traceable author statement

(Canon and Banerjee, 2000)

Biological Process

CV term

negative regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent

References

non-traceable author statement

(Swiss-Prot Project Members, 1990.8.1)

traceable author statement

(Courey and Jia, 2001)

negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter

traceable author statement

(Schutt and Nothiger, 2000, Canon and Banerjee, 2000)

negative regulation of Wnt receptor signaling pathway

non-traceable author statement

(Harden, 2002)

nervous system development

non-traceable author statement

(Swiss-Prot Project Members, 1990.8.1)

sex determination, primary response to X:A ratio

traceable author statement

(Schutt and Nothiger, 2000)

Cellular Component

CV term

(FlyBase Curators et al., 2004-)

References

nucleus

inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR009146

non-traceable author statement

(Swiss-Prot Project Members, 1990.8.1)

traceable author statement

(Kumar and Moses, 2000)

Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene

nuclear_gene

protein_coding_gene

Interactions & Pathways

Summary of Physical Interactions

protein-protein

Interacting group

Assay

References

gro - B52

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

gro - CG11266

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

gro - CG16815

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

gro - CG1785

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

gro - CG5525

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

gro - CG5746

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

gro - CG7033

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

gro - CG8021

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

gro - CG8258

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

gro - Cct5

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

gro - Cctγ

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

gro - Cdc5

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

gro - Imp

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

gro - Mcr

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

gro - PH4αEFB

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

gro - Pdi

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

gro - Rsf1

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

gro - Saf-B

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

gro - Tcp-1ζ

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

gro - Tcp-1η

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

gro - btz

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

gro - cic

pull down, autoradiography

(Jimenez et al., 2000)

gro - eIF4AIII

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

gro - ena

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

(Abed et al., 2011, Jimenez et al., 2000)

gro - h

two hybrid, pull down, autoradiography

gro - hipk

protein kinase assay, autoradiography

(Lee et al., 2009)

gro - mRpL39

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

gro - mRpL50

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

Summary of Genetic Interactions

Interacts with

Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions

gro allele

Gene

References

gro¹

Egfr

gro¹³¹

gro³⁴⁷

gro¹⁰⁵²

gro²⁰⁵³

(Coyle-Thompson and Banerjee, 1993)

gro^B7

(Ziemer et al., 1988)

(Marenda et al., 2004)

(Phippen et al., 2000)

gro^E73

(Xu et al., 1990)

eve

(Kobayashi et al., 2001)

(Barolo et al., 2002)

(Xu et al., 1990, Barolo et al., 2002)

sno

Su(H)

(Barolo et al., 2002)

gro^E75

(Johannes and Preiss, 2002)

(Hasson et al., 2005)

E(spl)mβ-HLH

(Hasson et al., 2005)

External Data

y¹ sc^* v¹; P{TRiP.HMS01506}attP2

BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions

•

68062

DPiM - DPiM, Drosophila Protein interaction Map

•

FBgn0001139

DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.

•

FBgn0001139

InterologFinder Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets.

•

43162

SignaLink - A protein-protein and protein-miRNA interaction database with multi-layered structure and multiple confidence scores.

•

P16371

Orthologs

OrthoDB Orthologs (70) - based on analysis using Dmel annotation version 5.41

OrthoDB Ortholog Groups

OrthoDB orthology group searches

(Waterhouse et al., 2011, Nucleic Acids Res. 39(Database issue): D283--D288)

Drosophila inclusive ortholog search

EOG6H1BF8

Dipteran inclusive ortholog search

EOG63BMX0

Insect inclusive ortholog search

EOG6FXQ44

Arthropod inclusive ortholog search

EOG6SF7NF

Metazoa inclusive ortholog search

EOG6WMHNC

Orthologs in Drosophila Species (EOG6H1BF8)

Organism

Common Name

Gene

AAA Syntenic Ortholog

Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group

Drosophila melanogaster

fruit fly

Drosophila simulans

Drosophila sechellia

Drosophila erecta

Drosophila yakuba

Drosophila ananassae

Drosophila pseudoobscura pseudoobscura

Dpse\GA21035

Drosophila persimilis

Dper\GL21824

Drosophila willistoni

Dwil\GK14461

Drosophila virilis

Dvir\GJ23911

Drosophila mojavensis

Dmoj\GI24695

Drosophila grimshawi

Dgri\GH19460

Orthologs in non-Drosophila Dipterans (EOG63BMX0)

Organism

Common Name

Gene

Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group

Aedes aegypti

Yellow fever mosquito

Aaeg\AAEL010433

Aedes aegypti

Yellow fever mosquito

Aaeg\AAEL005009

Anopheles gambiae

Malaria mosquito

Agam\AGAP010324

Anopheles gambiae

Malaria mosquito

Agam\AGAP004280

Culex quinquefasciatus

Southern house mosquito

Cqui\CPIJ010204

Culex quinquefasciatus

Southern house mosquito

Cqui\CPIJ009226

Orthologs in non-Dipteran Insects (EOG6FXQ44)

Organism

Common Name

Gene

Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group

Apis mellifera

Western honey bee

Amel\GB41521

Apis mellifera

Western honey bee

Amel\GB41520

Nasonia vitripennis

Parasitic wasp

Nvit\Nasvi2EG017760

Nasonia vitripennis

Parasitic wasp

Nvit\Nasvi2EG006986

Acromyrmex echinatior

Panamanian leafcutter ant

Aech\AECH26766

Acromyrmex echinatior

Panamanian leafcutter ant

Aech\AECH26765

Acromyrmex echinatior

Panamanian leafcutter ant

Aech\AECH15398

Atta cephalotes

Leafcutter ant

Acep\ACEP16802

Atta cephalotes

Leafcutter ant

Acep\ACEP16797

Camponotus floridanus

Florida carpenter ant

Cflo\CFLO20670

Camponotus floridanus

Florida carpenter ant

Cflo\CFLO20667

Camponotus floridanus

Florida carpenter ant

Cflo\CFLO20229

Harpegnathos saltator

Jerdons jumping ant

Hsal\HSAL19618

Harpegnathos saltator

Jerdons jumping ant

Hsal\HSAL19638

Linepithema humile

Argentine ant

Lhum\LH24264

Linepithema humile

Argentine ant

Lhum\LH24226

Linepithema humile

Argentine ant

Lhum\LH24221

Pogonomyrmex barbatus

Red harvester ant

Pbar\PB10159

Solenopsis invicta

Red fire ant

Sinv\SINV17436

Acyrthosiphon pisum

Pea aphid

Apim\ACYPI005368

Pediculus humanus

Human body louse

Phum\PHUM399450

Pediculus humanus

Human body louse

Phum\PHUM307240

Tribolium castaneum

Red flour beetle

Tcas\TC001371

Tribolium castaneum

Red flour beetle

Tcas\TC001206

Orthologs in non-Insect Arthropods (EOG6SF7NF)

Organism

Common Name

Gene

Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group

Daphnia pulex

Water flea

Dpux\GRO1

Daphnia pulex

Water flea

Dpux\GRO2

Ixodes scapularis

Deer tick

Isca\ISCW006956

Ixodes scapularis

Deer tick

Isca\ISCW011345

Orthologs in non-Arthropod Metazoa (EOG6WMHNC)

Organism

Common Name

Gene

Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group

Caenorhabditis elegans

Nematode

Cele\unc-37

Strongylocentrotus purpuratus

Purple sea urchin

Spur\SPU_018692gn

Danio rerio

Zebrafish

Drer\tle2

Danio rerio

Zebrafish

Drer\gro2

Danio rerio

Zebrafish

Drer\gro1

Danio rerio

Zebrafish

Drer\si:dkey-42p8.3

Xenopus tropicalis

Western clawed frog

Xtro\ENSXETG00000014353

Xenopus tropicalis

Western clawed frog

Xtro\tle4

Xenopus tropicalis

Western clawed frog

Xtro\tle1

Gallus gallus

Domestic chicken

Ggal\TLE4

Gallus gallus

Domestic chicken

Ggal\TLE3

Gallus gallus

Domestic chicken

Ggal\TLE1

Mus musculus

House mouse

Mmus\Tle1

Mus musculus

House mouse

Mmus\Tle3

Mus musculus

House mouse

Mmus\Tle2

Mus musculus

House mouse

Mmus\Tle4

Rattus norvegicus

Norway rat

Rnor\Tle4

Rattus norvegicus

Norway rat

Rnor\Tle1

Rattus norvegicus

Norway rat

Rnor\Tle2

Rattus norvegicus

Norway rat

Rnor\ENSRNOG00000013013

Homo sapiens

Human

Hsap\TLE3

Homo sapiens

Human

Hsap\TLE2

Homo sapiens

Human

Hsap\TLE4

Homo sapiens

Human

Hsap\TLE1

Human Orthologs (4)

Gene

OMIM

HGNC

AAA Orthologs (11) based on analysis using Dmel annotation version 4.3

Organism

Gene

Drosophila simulans

Drosophila sechellia

Drosophila erecta

Drosophila yakuba

Drosophila ananassae

Drosophila pseudoobscura pseudoobscura

Dpse\GA21035

Drosophila persimilis

Dper\GL21824

Drosophila willistoni

Dwil\GK14461

Drosophila virilis

Dvir\GJ23911

Drosophila mojavensis

Dmoj\GI24695

Drosophila grimshawi

Dgri\GH19460

Stocks & Reagents

Stocks Listed in FlyBase ( 10 )

Bloomington

511

gro¹

2124

gro^C105/TM3, Sb¹

38648

w¹¹¹⁸; P{gro-GFP.FLAG}attP16

35759

14322

y¹ w^67c23; ry⁵⁰⁶ P{SUPor-P}gro^KG07117

Kyoto

105951

gro¹

106671

gro^C105/TM3, Sb¹

200571

y¹ w^67c23; P{GSV1}gro^GS3230/TM3, Sb¹ Ser¹

VDRC

v6315

w¹¹¹⁸; P{GD1456}v6315

v6316

w¹¹¹⁸; P{GD1456}v6316

Genomic Clones ( 2 )

Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete

cDNA Clones ( 155 )

Please Note

This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see GBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

cDNA Clones, Fully Sequenced

BDGP DGC clones

Other clones

DPiM_LD33829

cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)

BDGP DGC clones

Other clones

RNAi & Array Information

DRSC - Results from RNAi screens.

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FBgn0001139

GenomeRNAi - GenomeRNAi – A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents

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43162

Antibody Information

polyclonal

(Cinnamon et al., 2008)

Other Information

Discoverer

Etymology

Identification

Relationship to Other Genes

Source for database identity of

Source for database merge of

Source for merge of: gro anon-WO0118547.385

Source for merge of: gro BcDNA:LD33829

Source for merge of: gro BEST:LD15161 BEST:GM01575

(Rana, 2004.7.8)

Additional comments

Source for merge of gro anon-WO0118547.385 was sequence comparison (date:051113).

Source for merge of gro BcDNA:LD33829 was sequence comparison (date:990717).

(Apidianakis et al., 2001)

Other Comments

DNA-protein interactions: genome-wide binding profile assayed for gro protein in Kc167 cells; see Chromatin_types_NKI collection report. Individual protein-binding experiments listed under "Samples" at GEO_GSE22069 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSE22069).

(Filion et al., 2010)

dsRNA made from templates generated with primers directed against this gene has been transfected into Kc cells.

(Fang et al., 2006)

dsRNA has been made from templates generated with primers directed against this gene. RNAi of gro results in dorsal overextension of primary dendrites and a reduction in lateral branching.

(Parrish et al., 2006)

gro forms a junction between signalling pathways, enabling Egfr signalling to antagonize transcriptional output by N.

(Hasson et al., 2005)

RNAi screen using dsRNA made from templates generated with primers directed against this gene causes a phenotype when assayed in Kc167 and S2R⁺ cells: increased or polarized (uneven) accumulation of F-actin.

(Kiger et al., 2003)

dsRNA made from templates generated with primers directed against this gene tested in RNAi screen for effects on Kc167 and S2R⁺ cell morphology.

(Kiger et al., 2003)

gro mediates a ci-independant mechanism of hh repression in the anterior wing pouch.

Area matching Drosophila EST AA540693. This EST forms a 1450bp contig with ESTs AA441321, AA440080 and AA392794.

(Davies, 2001.3.15)

The brk co-repressors gro and CtBP are alternately used for repressing some dpp-responsive genes, whereas for repressing other, distinct, target genes they are not required.

(Hasson et al., 2001)

gro and H control different aspects of ato's complex expression pattern.

gro and H both act to restrict neuronal cell fate in the retina.

gro and Rpd3 appear to form a complex in vivo and interact directly via the glycine/proline rich (GP) domain.

(Chen et al., 1999)

gro mediated repression requires Rpd3 function.

(Chen et al., 1999)

tin protein interacts directly with the gro corepressor protein, for which the homeodomain is required.

(Choi et al., 1999)

gro protein mediates repressor activity of the hkb protein.

CtBP and gro repressors mediate separate pathways of transcriptional repression, and the two proteins can inhibit one another when both bind the same repressor.

(Zhang and Levine, 1999)

The products of the gro and pan genes interact to repress wg signalling activity.

(Cavallo et al., 1998)

run protein interacts with gro protein to repress transcription.

(Aronson et al., 1997)

Shows no genetic interaction with sdk.

(Nguyen et al., 1997)

Transcription complexes containing gro may associate with the amino terminus of His3 and these interactions may be propogated along the chromosomes due to the ability of gro to participate in higher order structures.

(Palaparti et al., 1997)

A screen to isolate mutations that cause dominant enhancement of wing vein phenotypes associated with Egfr recovered mutations in gro.

(Alifragis and Delidakis, 1995)

The WRPW motif (the repressor domain) maps to the carboxy terminal of h-related proteins and is both necessary and sufficient to form protein-protein interactions with gro. gro is able to repress transcription when directly bound to DNA in the absence of binding to h-related proteins.

(Fisher et al., 1996)

Clones mutant for E(spl)-C bHLH-encoding genes or for gro display bristle hyperplasia. The E(spl)-C genes participate in the N signalling pathway. E(spl)-C mutants are epistatic over a gain of function mutant of N and ac-sc mutants are epistatic over E(spl)-C mutants.

(Heitzler et al., 1996)

Expression in Schneider cells demonstrates HLHm5 and E(spl) mediate transcriptional repression of an ac Ecol\CAT reporter gene, gro potentiates this effect.

(Heitzler et al., 1996)

The intracellular distribution and phosphorylation state of gro protein has been analysed.

(Husain et al., 1996)

E(spl) and gro form a highly interconnected interacting network involved in transcriptional regulation.

The bristle loss phenotype of H mutants can be suppressed by deleting components of the E(spl)-complex. The degree of suppression depends on both the number and identity of E(spl)-complex transcription units removed.

(Bang et al., 1995)

gro and hh regulate en expression in the anterior compartment of the wing.

(de Celis and Ruiz-Gomez, 1995)

gro is crucial for transcriptional repression in several independent developmental pathways and is involved in establishing the terminal embryonic pattern.

(Ish-Horowicz et al., 1995)

gro is required maternally for neurogenesis, segmentation and sex determination and acts as a transcriptional corepressor recruited to specific target promoters by h-related bHLH proteins.

(Paroush et al., 1994)

Arrangement and sequence of E(spl)-complex genes in D.melanogaster and D.hydei revealed that the E(spl)-gene, and the structure of complex are highly conserved, suggesting that each individual gene, as well as the organization of the complex, is of functional importance.

Individuals homozygous for Bpt¹ and gro exhibit no Bpt¹ phenotype.

(Duus et al., 1992)

gro is a neurogenic gene showing prominant maternal expression and is the only gene of the E(spl)-complex essential for viability. E(spl)-complex genes act as a functional unit composed of redundant genes which can partially substitute for each other. Eight E(spl)-region genes are required for the development of neurectodermal cells: HLHmδ, HLHmβ, HLHmγ, HLHm3, HLHm5, HLHm7, E(spl) and gro.