FB2019_05, released Oct 15, 2019

Gene: Dmel\Gs2

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General Information
Symbol
Dmel\Gs2
Species
D. melanogaster
Name
Glutamine synthetase 2
Annotation Symbol
CG1743
Feature Type
protein_coding_gene
FlyBase ID
FBgn0001145
Gene Model Status
Current
Stock Availability
14 publicly available
Enzyme Name (EC)
Glutamine synthetase (6.3.1.2)
Gene Snapshot
Glutamine synthetase 2 (Gs2) encodes an enzyme that converts glutamate to glutamine. It is expressed in the embryonic nervous system and regulates the size of glutamate neurotransmitter pools and synapse assembly. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-07]
Other Summaries
Also Known As
GsII
Key Links
Genomic Location
Cytogenetic map
10B11-10B11
Sequence location
X:11,422,832..11,430,197 [+]
Recombination map
1-34
Sequence
Get Decorated FASTA
Genomic Maps
Other Genome Views
The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.
NCBI
UCSC
Ensembl
PopFly
Function
GO Summary Ribbons
Gene Group (FlyBase)
Protein Family (UniProt)
Belongs to the glutamine synthetase family. (P20478)
Protein Signatures (InterPro)
Molecular Function (GO)
[Detailed GO annotations]
Experimental Evidence
glutamate-ammonia ligase activity
Predictions / Assertions
glutamate-ammonia ligase activity
Catalytic Activity (EC)
Experimental Evidence
ATP + L-glutamate + NH(3) = ADP + phosphate + L-glutamine (6.3.1.2)
Predictions / Assertions
ATP + L-glutamate + NH(3) = ADP + phosphate + L-glutamine (6.3.1.2)
Summaries
Gene Group (FlyBase)
ACID-AMMONIA LIGASES -
Acid-ammonia ligases catalyze the ligation of an acid to ammonia (NH3) or an amide via a carbon-nitrogen bond.
Phenotypic Description (Red Book; Lindsley and Zimm 1992)
GsII: Glutamine synthetase II
Structural gene for glutamine synthetase II. Completely separable from glutamine synthetase I by DEAE chromatography. The GSII protein was purified from adult Drosophila (Scalenghe and Ritossa, 1976) and was isolated by sequence identity with the hamster gene (De Pinto et al., 1987). The enzyme is a multimer of a single subunit (MW 42,000). The complete enzyme has an approximate molecular weight of 360,000 and differs from the GSI enzyme in both subunit molecular weight and in isoelectric point. 90% of glutamine synthetase activity is due to GSII, which is the most abundant adult form.
Gene Model and Products
Number of Transcripts
6
Number of Unique Polypeptides
4

Please see the GBrowse view of Dmel\Gs2 or the JBrowse view of Dmel\Gs2 for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)
Isoform displayed:
Pfam protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Protein Domains (via SMART)
Isoform displayed:
SMART protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Comments on Gene Model
Low-frequency RNA-Seq exon junction(s) not annotated.
Supported by strand-specific RNA-Seq data.
Gene model reviewed during 5.52
Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene
nuclear_gene
protein_coding_gene
Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name
FlyBase ID
RefSeq ID
Length (nt)
Assoc. CDS (aa)
Gs2-RA
FBtr0073496
NM_206685
1812
266
Gs2-RB
FBtr0073494
NM_167284
1906
369
Gs2-RC
FBtr0073495
NM_078568
1619
369
Gs2-RD
FBtr0343561
NM_001298192
1918
373
Gs2-RE
FBtr0343562
NM_001298193
1829
369
Gs2-RF
FBtr0343563
NM_001298194
1990
369
Additional Transcript Data and Comments
Reported size (kB)
2.0 (northern blot)
(Caizzi et al., 1990)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name
FlyBase ID
Predicted MW (kDa)
Length (aa)
Theoretical pI
RefSeq ID
GenBank
Gs2-PA
FBpp0089332
29.5
266
5.91
NP_996408
AAS65314
Gs2-PB
FBpp0073344
41.3
369
5.30
NP_727525
AAF48043
Gs2-PC
FBpp0073345
41.3
369
5.31
NP_511123
AAN09632
Gs2-PD
FBpp0310162
41.7
373
5.47
NP_001285121
AHN59591
Gs2-PE
FBpp0310163
41.3
369
5.31
NP_001285122
AHN59592
Gs2-PF
FBpp0310164
41.3
369
5.31
NP_001285123
AHN59593
Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

The group(s) of polypeptides indicated below share identical sequence to each other.

369 aa isoforms: Gs2-PC, Gs2-PE, Gs2-PF
Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments
Reported size (kDa)
365 (aa); 41 (kD predicted)
(Caizzi et al., 1990)
Comments
External Data
Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)
Homooctamer.
(UniProt, P20478)
Crossreferences
InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
Linkouts
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
Nucleotide / Polypeptide Records
 
UniProt
Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\Gs2 using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data
Crossreferences
Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
Linkouts
Gene Ontology (6 terms)
Molecular Function (1 term)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
glutamate-ammonia ligase activity
inferred from direct assay
(Caggese et al., 1994)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
glutamate-ammonia ligase activity
non-traceable author statement
(Featherstone et al., 2002)
Biological Process (4 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (3 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
glutamate catabolic process
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Featherstone et al., 2002)
neurotransmitter receptor metabolic process
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Featherstone et al., 2002)
synapse assembly
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Featherstone et al., 2002)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
glutamine biosynthetic process
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR008147
(assigned by InterPro )
(FlyBase Curators et al., 2004-)
non-traceable author statement
(Featherstone et al., 2002)
Cellular Component (1 term)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (0 terms)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
cytoplasm
inferred from sequence or structural similarity with HGNC:4341
(Caggese et al., 1994)
Expression Data
Expression Summary Ribbons
Colored tiles in ribbon indicate that expression data has been curated by FlyBase for that anatomical location. Colorless tiles indicate that there is no curated data for that location.
For complete stage-specific expression data, view the modENCODE Development RNA-Seq section under High-Throughput Expression below.
Transcript Expression
Polypeptide Expression
immunolocalization
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
adult stage
glial cell of spur of adult mushroom body
(Sinakevitch et al., 2010)
glial cell of lobe system of adult mushroom body
(Sinakevitch et al., 2010)
mass spectroscopy
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
adult stage
adult head
(Aradska et al., 2015)
western blot
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
adult stage
adult head
(Sinakevitch et al., 2010)
adult brain
(Sinakevitch et al., 2010)
Additional Descriptive Data
Gs2 protein colocalizes with Eeat1 expression in glial cells in the spur of the adult mushroom body. Gs1 immunoreactivity is distributed over all mushroom body lobes, excepting the core neurons.
(Sinakevitch et al., 2010)
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Evidence
References
Expression Deduced from Reporters
Reporter: PBac{566.P.SVS-1}Gs2CPTI100002
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
adult stage
adult gnathal ganglion
(Knowles-Barley, 2011.8.24)
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools

GBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\Gs2 in GBrowse 2
RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region
Bulk Downloads
RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes
Reference
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle
Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis
External Data and Images
Linkouts
BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies
FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
Images
FlyExpress - Embryonic expression images (BDGP data)
  • Stages(s) 9-10
  • Stages(s) 11-12
  • Stages(s) 13-16
FlyBase Wiki
Image Based Resources
Alleles, Insertions, and Transgenic Constructs
Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 10 )
For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show
 
Other relevant insertions
Transgenic Constructs ( 5 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of Gs2
Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of Gs2
Deletions and Duplications ( 4 )
Phenotypes
Orthologs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Orthologs
Download All OrthoDB Orthologs
Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v7.1)
Homo sapiens (Human) (2)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
Isobase
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
RoundUp
TreeFam
ZFIN
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Hsap\GLUL
13 of 15
Yes
Yes
 
Hsap\LGSN
1 of 15
No
No
Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v7.1)
Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (2)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
Isobase
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
RoundUp
TreeFam
ZFIN
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Mmus\Glul
11 of 15
Yes
Yes
Mmus\Lgsn
1 of 15
No
No
Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (2)
Rnor\Glul
8 of 13
Yes
Yes
Rnor\Lgsn
1 of 13
No
No
Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (3)
Xtro\glul
6 of 12
Yes
Yes
Xtro\glul
4 of 12
No
No
Xtro\lgsn
1 of 12
No
Yes
Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (4)
Drer\glula
12 of 15
Yes
Yes
Drer\glulb
11 of 15
No
Yes
Drer\glulc
9 of 15
No
Yes
Drer\lgsn
1 of 15
No
No
Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (5)
Cele\gln-3
13 of 15
Yes
Yes
Cele\gln-2
8 of 15
No
Yes
Cele\gln-5
8 of 15
No
Yes
Cele\gln-1
7 of 15
No
No
Cele\gln-6
6 of 15
No
Yes
Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (6)
Atha\GLN1.3
9 of 9
Yes
Yes
Atha\GLN1;4
8 of 9
No
No
Atha\GLN1;5
8 of 9
No
Yes
Atha\GS2
8 of 9
No
Yes
Atha\GSR 1
8 of 9
No
No
Atha\GSR2
8 of 9
No
No
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (1)
Scer\GLN1
14 of 15
Yes
Yes
Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (1)
Spom\gln1
11 of 12
Yes
Yes
Orthologs in Drosophila Species (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG09190918 )
Organism
Common Name
Gene
AAA Syntenic Ortholog
Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly
Dmel\Gs2
Drosophila suzukii
Spotted wing Drosophila
Dsuz\DS10_00005377
Drosophila simulans
Dsim\GD17021
Drosophila sechellia
Dsec\GM13079
Drosophila erecta
Dere\GG18416
Drosophila yakuba
Dyak\GE15935
Drosophila ananassae
Dana\GF22546
Drosophila pseudoobscura pseudoobscura
Dpse\GA14508
Drosophila persimilis
Dper\GL14860
Drosophila willistoni
Dwil\GK16230
Drosophila virilis
Dvir\GJ15245
Drosophila mojavensis
Dmoj\GI15717
Drosophila grimshawi
Dgri\GH12401
Orthologs in non-Drosophila Dipterans (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG091505EZ )
Organism
Common Name
Gene
Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group
Musca domestica
House fly
Mdoa\17021261
Glossina morsitans
Tsetse fly
Gmor\GMOY007238
Lucilia cuprina
Australian sheep blowfly
Lcup\FF38_02125
Mayetiola destructor
Hessian fly
Mdes\Mdes012413
Aedes aegypti
Yellow fever mosquito
Aaeg\GS2
Anopheles darlingi
American malaria mosquito
Adar\ADAC006563
Anopheles gambiae
Malaria mosquito
Agam\AGAP002355
Culex quinquefasciatus
Southern house mosquito
Cqui\CPIJ003744
Orthologs in non-Dipteran Insects (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG090W06S5 )
Organism
Common Name
Gene
Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group
Bombyx mori
Silkmoth
Bmor\BGIBMGA000680
Bombyx mori
Silkmoth
Bmor\BGIBMGA004280
Danaus plexippus
Monarch butterfly
Dple\DPOGS200911-PA
Heliconius melpomene
Postman butterfly
Hmel\HMEL012223
Apis florea
Little honeybee
Aflo\2670819316
Apis mellifera
Western honey bee
Amel\GB51371
Apis mellifera
Western honey bee
Amel\GB45377
Bombus impatiens
Common eastern bumble bee
Bimp\BIMP13304
Bombus terrestris
Buff-tailed bumblebee
Bter\15206619
Linepithema humile
Argentine ant
Lhum\LH19384
Megachile rotundata
Alfalfa leafcutting bee
Mrot\MROTU:003035
Nasonia vitripennis
Parasitic wasp
Nvit\Nasvi2EG003394
Nasonia vitripennis
Parasitic wasp
Nvit\Nasvi2EG003396
Dendroctonus ponderosae
Mountain pine beetle
Dpod\YQE_01784
Tribolium castaneum
Red flour beetle
Tcas\TC002601
Pediculus humanus
Human body louse
Phum\PHUM130940
Pediculus humanus
Human body louse
Phum\PHUM009660
Pediculus humanus
Human body louse
Phum\PHUM467880
Rhodnius prolixus
Kissing bug
Rpro\RPRC000758
Cimex lectularius
Bed bug
Clec\CLEC005275
Acyrthosiphon pisum
Pea aphid
Apim\ACYPI001157
Acyrthosiphon pisum
Pea aphid
Apim\ACYPI001461
Acyrthosiphon pisum
Pea aphid
Apim\ACYPI006239
Zootermopsis nevadensis
Nevada dampwood termite
Znev\Znev_05581
Orthologs in non-Insect Arthropods (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG090X05G4 )
Organism
Common Name
Gene
Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group
Strigamia maritima
European centipede
Smar\SMAR005337
Strigamia maritima
European centipede
Smar\SMAR004767
Ixodes scapularis
Black-legged tick
Isca\ISCW018771
Stegodyphus mimosarum
African social velvet spider
Smim\KFM82985.1
Stegodyphus mimosarum
African social velvet spider
Smim\KFM77690.1
Tetranychus urticae
Two-spotted spider mite
Turt\tetur08g03440
Daphnia pulex
Water flea
Dpux\DAPPUDRAFT_206496
Orthologs in non-Arthropod Metazoa (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG091G07E9 )
Organism
Common Name
Gene
Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group
Strongylocentrotus purpuratus
Purple sea urchin
Spur\Sp-Glul
Ciona intestinalis
Vase tunicate
Cint\LOC100186158
Gallus gallus
Domestic chicken
Ggal\GLUL
Gallus gallus
Domestic chicken
Ggal\LOC417253
Paralogs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Paralogs
Paralogs (via DIOPT v7.1)
Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (1)
Gene Symbol
Score
Source
Compara
eggNOG
Homologene
Inparanoid
Isobase
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
orthoMCL
Panther
RoundUp
Alignment
Gs1
8 of 10
Human Disease Associations
FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports
    Disease Model Summary Ribbon
    Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations
    Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 0 )
    Human Ortholog
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Interaction
    References
    Comments on Models/Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
     
    Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v7.1 and OMIM)
    Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.
    Homo sapiens (Human)
    Gene name
    Score
    OMIM
    OMIM Phenotype
    DO term
    Complementation?
    Transgene?
    GLUL; glutamate-ammonia ligase
    13 of 15
    138290
       
      Functional Complementation Data
      Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.
      Interactions
      Summary of Physical Interactions
      esyN Network Diagram
      Show neighbor-neighbor interactions:
      Select Layout:
      Legend:
      Protein
      RNA
      Selected Interactor(s)
      Interactions Browser
      View in Interactions Browser
      Please see the Physical Interaction reports below for full details
      protein-protein
      Physical Interaction
      Assay
      References
      Gs2 - Traf-like
      two hybrid
      (Hu et al., 2017.6.13)
      Summary of Genetic Interactions
      esyN Network Diagram
      Starting gene(s)
      Interaction type
      Interacting gene(s)
      Reference
      Starting gene(s)
      Interaction type
      Interacting gene(s)
      Reference
      External Data
      Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)
      Homooctamer.
      (UniProt, P20478 )
      Linkouts
      BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
      DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
      InterologFinder - Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets.
      MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
      Pathways
      Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data
      Chromosome (arm)
      X
      Recombination map
      1-34
      Cytogenetic map
      10B11-10B11
      Sequence location
      X:11,422,832..11,430,197 [+]
      FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
      Cytogenetic map
      Evidence for location
      10B11-10B11
      Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{EP}CG11756EP1610 and P{EP}CG32666EP1452
      Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
      Cytogenetic map
      Notes
      References
      10B-10B
      (determined by in situ hybridisation)
      (Caizzi et al., 1990)
      10B8-10B11
      (determined by in situ hybridisation)
      (Caggese et al., 1986)
      Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
      Location
      1-34
      (FlyBase, 2016)
      1-36.3
      (Comeron et al., 2012)
      Left of (cM)
      Right of (cM)
      Notes
      Stocks and Reagents
      Stocks (14)
      Genomic Clones (11)
       

      Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete

      cDNA Clones (253)
       

      Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see GBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

      cDNA clones, fully sequences
      BDGP DGC clones
      Other clones
      Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

      For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

      cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
      BDGP DGC clones
      Other clones
      RNAi and Array Information
      Linkouts
      DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
      GenomeRNAi - A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents
      Antibody Information
      Laboratory Generated Antibodies
       
      Commercially Available Antibodies
       
      Other Information
      Relationship to Other Genes
      Source for database identify of
      Source for identity of: Gs2 CG1743
      (Zhong, 1999.11)
      Source for database merge of
      Additional comments
      Other Comments
      Gs1 and Gs2 have been isolated and sequenced. Evolutionary analysis is in agreement with the hypothesis that the two genes are derived from a duplication event that occurred near the time of divergence between Insecta and Vertebrata. Both isoforms catalyse all reactions catalysed by other glutamine synthetases, but the different kinetic parameters and the different cellular compartmentalisation suggests strong functional specialisation. Gs1 and Gs2 gene products are essential for the early stages of embryonic development. Preliminary results show strikingly distinct spatial and temporal patterns of expression of the two isoforms at later stages of development.
      (Caggese et al., 1994)
      Gs2 has been cloned and sequenced.
      (Caizzi et al., 1990)
      Isolated from a genomic library using a DNA fragment comprising 80% of the coding region of glutamine synthetase from Chinese hamster ovary cells as a probe.
      (Caggese et al., 1986)
      Gs2 has been cloned.
      (Caggese et al., 1986)
      Structural gene for glutamine synthetase II. Completely separable from glutamine synthetase I by DEAE chromatography. The GSII protein was purified from adult Drosophila (Scalenghe and Ritossa, 1976) and was isolated by sequence identity with the hamster gene (De Pinto, Caggese, Prezioso and Ritossa, 1987). The enzyme is a multimer of a single subunit (MW 42,000). The complete enzyme has an approximate molecular weight of 360,000 and differs from the GSI enzyme in both subunit molecular weight and in isoelectric point. 90% of glutamine synthetase activity is due to GSII, which is the most abundant adult form.
      Origin and Etymology
      Discoverer
      Etymology
      Identification
      External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 75 )
      Sequence Crossreferences
      NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.
      GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.
      GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.
      RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.
      UniProt/Swiss-Prot - Manually annotated and reviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
      UniProt/TrEMBL - Automatically annotated and unreviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
      Other crossreferences
      BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
      Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones
      Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
      FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel
      Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
      Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
      GenomeRNAi - A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents
      iBeetle-Base - RNAi phenotypes in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)
      InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
      KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.
      KEGG Pathways - Wiring diagrams of molecular interactions, reactions and relations.
      modMine - A data warehouse for the modENCODE project
      Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.
      Linkouts
      BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
      DPiM - Drosophila Protein interaction map
      DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
      DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
      FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies
      FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
      FlyCyc Pathways - Pathways from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel
      FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics
      InterologFinder - Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets.
      KEGG Pathways - Wiring diagrams of molecular interactions, reactions and relations.
      MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
      Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.
      Synonyms and Secondary IDs (13)
      Datasets (0)
      Study focus (0)
      Experimental Role
      Project
      Project Type
      Title
      References (88)