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Gene Dmel\h

General Information
Symbol	Dmel\h	Species	D. melanogaster
Name	hairy	Annotation symbol	CG6494
Feature type	protein_coding_gene	FlyBase ID	FBgn0001168
Gene Model Status	Current	Stock availability	235 publicly available
Also Known As	hry
Genomic Location
Chromosome (arm)	3L	Recombination map	3-26.5
Cytogenetic map	66D10-66D10	Sequence location	3L:8,668,859..8,672,353 [+]
Genomic Maps Select View:Gene Models/EvidenceExpression/RegulationMegaViewGene Disruptions, Stocks and Reagents Beta	Decorated FastA GenBankGFF Gene region Extended Gene region CDSIntronsExonsTranslationsTranscripts3' UTR5' UTR
Summary Information
Automatically generated summary See sections below for more information	The gene hairy is referred to in FlyBase by the symbol Dmel\h (CG6494, FBgn0001168). It is a protein_coding_gene from Drosophila melanogaster. There is experimental evidence that it has the molecular function: RNA polymerase II core promoter proximal region sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity involved in negative regulation of transcription; RNA polymerase II core promoter proximal region sequence-specific DNA binding; protein binding; transcription factor binding; E-box binding; DNA binding. There is experimental evidence that it is involved in the biological process: response to hypoxia; tube morphogenesis; regulation of cellular metabolic process; negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter; cell morphogenesis; open tracheal system development; negative regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent; salivary gland morphogenesis. 202 alleles are reported. The phenotypes of these alleles are annotated with: organ system; larval abdominal segment; adult segment; organ system subdivision; thoracic segment; acellular anatomical structure; prothoracic segment; non-connected developing system; extended germ band embryo; embryonic gnathal segment; metathoracic ventral denticle belt; abdominal 5 ventral denticle belt; abdominal 3 ventral denticle belt; external compound sense organ; cell part; embryonic foregut; gustatory sensory organ. It has 2 annotated transcripts and 2 annotated polypeptides. Protein features are: Myc-type, basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) domain; Orange; Orange subgroup. Summary of modENCODE Temporal Expression Profile: Temporal profile ranges from a peak of high expression to a trough of low expression. Peak expression observed within 00-06 and 18-24 hour embryonic stages. Summary of FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data: Nearly all larval and adult organs/tissues expressed at high levels. Expression at high levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult head, adult eye, adult crop, larval/adult midgut, larval/adult hindgut, larval/adult Malpighian tubules, adult heart, larval/adult fat body, larval/adult salivary gland, larval trachea, adult spermathecae, adult male accessory gland, larval/adult carcass. Expression at moderate levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult thoracico-abdominal ganglion, adult ovary. Comments on Affy2 ProbeSet: ProbeSet 1624839_at completely aligns to an exonic region common to each of the 2 FlyBase-annotated transcript isoforms of h. Gene sequence location is 3L:8668859..8672353.
User Contributed Data
	Beta version, feedback welcome
External Summaries
Phenotypic Description from the Red Book (Lindsley & Zimm 1992)
Gene/Allele symbols may differ from current usage	h: hairy h: hairy From Bridges and Morgan, 1923, Carnegie Inst. Washington Publ. No. 327: 202. The pair-rule gene hairy regulates the development of alternate segments in the embryo as well as the spatial expression of another pair-rule gene fushi tarazu (Holmgren, 1984; Carroll et al., 1988; Rushlow et al., 1989). A later phenotypic expression of hairy, the adult bristle pattern, is established during larval and pupal stages (Nusslein-Volhard and Wieschaus, 1980; Ingham et al., 1985a, 1985b). In the embryo, h mutations delete the posterior part of each odd-numbered segment, weak alleles deleting less than a whole segment and strong alleles deleting regions greater than one segment. In mutant adults, extra microchaetae are found along wing veins, L2 more so than L4 or 5, and on wing membrane; also on dorsal and ventral scutellum and top of head. Extra sensilla present on longitudinal wing veins in a gradient in which sensilla are concentrated proximally and hairs distally; intermediate structures found in the middle (Spivey and Thompson, 1984, Genetics 107: s102). Extra acrostichal row on either side of midline between dorsocentral bristles (Claxton, 1971, DIS 46: 133); also occupy thin arch of cuticle connecting ventral scutellum and pleurae. Microchaetae found on mesopleurae (mean of 13 in males and 20 in females versus none in wild type) and pteropleurae (Murphy, 1972, J. Exp. Zool. 179: 51-62). Used by Garcia-Bellido and Ferrus (1975, Wilhelm Roux's Arch. Dev. Biol. 178: 337-40) to provide cuticular markers on pleurae for fate mapping. Additional hair-forming cells present in 19-hr pupa (Lees and Waddington, 1942, DIS 16: 70). Autonomous expression in clones produced prior to the last eight hr of larval life; clones produced during the last eight hr before pupation exhibit normal phenotype; attributable to perdurance of wild-type gene product (Garcia-Bellido and Merriam, 1971, Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 68: 2222-26). Reduced ac+ function as in ac3 or ac3/+ suppresses h phenotype; extra doses of ac+ enhance h expression and can render h partially dominant (Sturtevant, 1969, Dev. Biol. 21: 48-61; Botas, Moscoso del Prado, and Garcia-Bellido, EMBO J. 1: 307-10). Three doses of h+ suppress Hw (Botas, et al.). h expression also enhanced by combination with rearrangements that place the ac-sc region in juxtaposition with substantial quantities of heterochromation (Green, 1960, Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. 46: 524-28). Interactions with sc alleles detailed by Sturtevant (1969). h2 less severe than and partially complements h1 (Sturtevant). As with ci+, expression of h+ may be altered in the direction of h by rearrangements with breakpoints in the vicinity of the h locus (Dubinin and Sidorov, 1934, Biol. Zh. 3: 307-31; see also Jeffrey, 1979, Genetics 91: 105-25). Unlike the ci case, however, rearranged h chromosomes do not show evidence of altered gene action (Stern, 1944, DIS: 18:56). h13 Homozygote nearly lethal but has no h phenotype. Heterozygote with h and h2 also wild type. hs/+ has extra hairs on wings, head, pleurae, halteres, and occasionally on scutellum if also heterozygous for certain X-chromosome inversions that variegate for Hw, including In(1)sc8, In(1)scS1, and In(1)y3P. Presence of y+Y also induces extra hairs. RK3. h20 Homozygous lethal. Newly hatched larvae lack denticle belts of alternate segments; i.e. the prothoracic, metathoracic and even numbered abdominal segments; naked cuticle missing from mesothorax and odd numbered abdominal segments (a member of the pair-rule class of Nusslein-Volhard and Wieschaus). Pattern of persisting segments often slightly irregular.
Recent Updates
Description	What does this section display? This section contains items that were added to this record for each release. It currently only tracks new links between this FlyBase report and other FlyBase data classes (e.g. genes, references, stocks) or controlled vocabulary terms (e.g. GO, anatomy terms). What does this section not display? This section does not currently display links that were removed or gene model changes.
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FB2013_03
FB2013_02
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Detailed Mapping Data
FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Evidence for location 66D10-66D10   Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{lacW}foij8E8 and P{PZ}SrpRβrK561&P{lacW}l(3)j5B6j5B6
Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Notes References 66D10-66D12   (determined by in situ hybridisation)   (Spradling et al., 1999) 66E-66E   (determined by in situ hybridisation)   (Forjanic et al., 1997) 66D10-66D12   (determined by in situ hybridisation)   (Perrimon et al., 1996) 64D3-64D4   66D10--11   (BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999) 66D10-66D10   (determined by in situ hybridisation)   (Berg and Spradling, 1991) 66D15-66D15   (determined by in situ hybridisation)   (Carroll et al., 1988) 66D8-66D12     (Tearle and Nusslein-Volhard, 1987) 66D9-66D10   (determined by in situ hybridisation)   (Ish-Horowicz et al., 1985) 66D-66D   (determined by in situ hybridisation)   (Holmgren, 1984)
Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
Location	3-26.5 (Bishop and Sherald, 1981, Tearle and Nusslein-Volhard, 1987, Neel, 1942)
Left of (cM)	Idh (Bentley et al., 1983) Rst(3)amd (Bishop and Sherald, 1981)
Right of (cM)
Notes
Gene Model & Products
Please see the GBrowse view of Dmel\h for information on other features To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form
Comments on Gene Model
	Gene model reviewed during 5.46
Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name FlyBase ID RefSeq ID Length (nt) Associated CDS (aa) h-RA FBtr0076569  NM_079253   2139   337 h-RB FBtr0100153  NM_001014577   2335   337
Additional Transcript Data & Comments
Reported size (kB)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name FlyBase ID Predicted MW (kDa) Length (aa) Theoretical pI RefSeq ID GenBank protein h-PA   FBpp0076296   37.0   337   10.22     NP_523977   AAF50378 h-PB   FBpp0099504   37.0   337   10.22     NP_001014577   AAX52752
Additional Polypeptide Data & Comments
Reported size (kDa)
Comments
External Data
Linkouts
Crossreferences	InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites • Orange subgroup (IPR018352) Orange (IPR003650) Myc-type, basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) domain (IPR011598)
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank	DNA sequence Protein sequence Name AE014296 AAF50378   AE014296 AAX52752   AI293798   AY055833 AAL17767   AY055834 AAL17768   AY055835 AAL17769   AY055836 AAL17770   AY055837 AAL17771   AY055838 AAL17772   AY055839 AAL17773   AY055840 AAL17774   AY055841 AAL17775   AY055842 AAL17776   AY119633 AAM50287   AY587211   AY587212   AY587213   AY587214   AY587215   AY587216   AY587217   AY587218   AY587219   AY587220   AY587221   AY587222   AY587223   AY587224   AY587225   AY587226   BG640967   BI243347   BI563803   BI568598   BI574178   BI574756   BI583450   BI583456   BI583470   BI584167   BI586532   BI586634   BI587620   BI630712   BI631062   BI636566   CO269109   CO269260   CO283729   CO284370   CO285104   CO287241   CO287394   CO290733   CO299864   CO317207   CO326153   CO340897   CO342323   CO342364   CO344682   CO345570   EC066605   EC205033   EC211733   EC220014   EC220303   EC252120   EC253559   EC255133   EC257589   EC258349   EC258997   EC266267   EV577378   EV581995   G00473   S78746   X15904 CAA34018   X15905 CAA34019
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot	P14003
UniProtKB/TrEMBL
Mapped Features
Mapped Features have been reorganized, please see this article for details. Additional mapped features and mutations can be found on GBrowse or related reports. Type Symbol & Location Additional Notes References protein binding site FBsf0000159985 3L:8,658,310..8,658,322 bound_moiety=tll-XP comment=tll-binding site 1 in the h stripe 7 element. evidence=experimental (La Rosee et al., 1997, Bergman et al., 2005) protein binding site FBsf0000159986 3L:8,658,413..8,658,427 bound_moiety=tll-XP comment=tll-binding site 2 in the h stripe 7 element evidence=experimental (Bergman et al., 2005, La Rosee et al., 1997) protein binding site FBsf0000159987 3L:8,658,468..8,658,477 bound_moiety=Kr-XP comment=Kr-binding site 1 in the h stripe 7 element evidence=experimental (La Rosee et al., 1997, Bergman et al., 2005, La Rosee-Borggreve et al., 1999) protein binding site FBsf0000159988 3L:8,658,472..8,658,486 bound_moiety=tll-XP comment=tll-binding site 3 in the h stripe 7 element. evidence=experimental (Bergman et al., 2005, La Rosee et al., 1997) protein binding site FBsf0000159989 3L:8,658,618..8,658,627 bound_moiety=Kr-XP comment=Kr-binding site 2 in the h stripe 7 element evidence=experimental (Bergman et al., 2005, La Rosee et al., 1997, La Rosee-Borggreve et al., 1999) protein binding site FBsf0000159990 3L:8,658,674..8,658,683 bound_moiety=Kr-XP comment=Kr-binding site 3 in the h stripe 7 element evidence=experimental (Bergman et al., 2005, La Rosee et al., 1997, La Rosee-Borggreve et al., 1999) protein binding site FBsf0000159991 3L:8,658,740..8,658,749 bound_moiety=Kr-XP comment=Kr-binding site 4 in the h stripe 7 element evidence=experimental (La Rosee et al., 1997, Bergman et al., 2005, La Rosee-Borggreve et al., 1999) protein binding site FBsf0000159992 3L:8,658,750..8,658,762 bound_moiety=tll-XP comment=tll-binding site 4 in the h stripe 7 element evidence=experimental (Bergman et al., 2005, La Rosee et al., 1997) protein binding site FBsf0000159993 3L:8,658,927..8,658,939 bound_moiety=tll-XP comment=tll-binding site 5 in the h stripe 7 element evidence=experimental (La Rosee et al., 1997, Bergman et al., 2005) protein binding site FBsf0000159994 3L:8,658,976..8,658,985 comment=Kr-binding site 5 in the h stripe 7 element evidence=experimental bound_moiety=Kr-XP (Bergman et al., 2005, La Rosee et al., 1997, La Rosee-Borggreve et al., 1999) protein binding site FBsf0000159995 3L:8,659,955..8,659,968 bound_moiety=kni-XP comment=kni-binding site 1 in the h stripe 6 element. The binding site in the reference sequence differs by one base from the reported site. The annotated kni binding site represents the outer limits of the site as reported in FBrf0073697 and FBrf0102134 (the reported sites are offset by a few bases from each other). evidence=experimental (Langeland et al., 1994, Hader et al., 1998) protein binding site FBsf0000159996 3L:8,659,966..8,659,976 bound_moiety=cad-XP comment=cad-binding site 1 in the h stripe 6 element. evidence=experimental (Hader et al., 1998) protein binding site FBsf0000159997 3L:8,659,969..8,659,982 bound_moiety=kni-XP comment=kni-binding site 2 in the h stripe 6 element. The indicated kni binding site represents the outer limits of the site as reported in FBrf0073697 and FBrf0102134 (the reported sites are offset by a few bases from each other). evidence=experimental (Langeland et al., 1994, Hader et al., 1998) protein binding site FBsf0000159998 3L:8,659,982..8,659,991 bound_moiety=Kr-XP comment=Kr-binding site 1 in the h stripe 6 element. evidence=experimental (Bergman et al., 2005, Langeland et al., 1994) protein binding site FBsf0000159999 3L:8,659,985..8,659,995 bound_moiety=cad-XP comment=cad-binding site 2 in the h stripe 6 element. evidence=experimental (Hader et al., 1998) protein binding site FBsf0000160000 3L:8,659,988..8,660,001 bound_moiety=kni-XP comment=kni-binding site 3 in the h stripe 6 element. The indicated kni binding site represents the outer limits of the site as reported in FBrf0073697 and FBrf0102134 (the reported sites are offset by a few bases from each other). evidence=experimental (Langeland et al., 1994, Hader et al., 1998) protein binding site FBsf0000160001 3L:8,659,997..8,660,010 bound_moiety=kni-XP comment=kni-binding site 4 in the h stripe 6 element. The indicated kni binding site represents the outer limits of the site as reported in FBrf0073697 and FBrf0102134 (the reported sites are offset by a few bases from each other). evidence=experimental (Langeland et al., 1994, Hader et al., 1998) protein binding site FBsf0000160004 3L:8,660,005..8,660,015 bound_moiety=cad-XP comment=cad-binding site 3 in the h stripe 6 element. evidence=experimental (Hader et al., 1998) protein binding site FBsf0000160006 3L:8,660,010..8,660,019 bound_moiety=Kr-XP comment=Kr-binding site 2 in the h stripe 6 element. evidence=experimental (Langeland et al., 1994, Bergman et al., 2005) protein binding site FBsf0000160044 3L:8,660,018..8,660,031 bound_moiety=kni-XP comment=kni-binding site 5 in the h stripe 6 element. The indicated kni binding site represents the outer limits of the site as reported in FBrf0073697 and FBrf0102134 (the reported sites are offset by a few bases from each other). evidence=experimental (Langeland et al., 1994, Hader et al., 1998) protein binding site FBsf0000159983 3L:8,660,035..8,660,044 bound_moiety=Kr-XP comment=Kr-binding site 3 in the h stripe 6 element. evidence=experimental (Langeland et al., 1994, Bergman et al., 2005) protein binding site FBsf0000159984 3L:8,660,037..8,660,051 bound_moiety=kni-XP comment=kni-binding site 6 in the h stripe 6 element. The indicated kni binding site represents the outer limits of the site as reported in FBrf0073697 and FBrf0102134 (the reported sites are offset by a few bases from each other). evidence=experimental (Langeland et al., 1994, Hader et al., 1998) protein binding site FBsf0000160069 3L:8,660,047..8,660,057 bound_moiety=cad-XP comment=cad-binding site 4 in the h stripe 6 element. evidence=experimental (Hader et al., 1998) protein binding site FBsf0000160070 3L:8,660,053..8,660,066 bound_moiety=kni-XP comment=kni-binding site 7 in the h stripe 6 element. The indicated kni binding site represents the outer limits of the site as reported in FBrf0073697 and FBrf0102134 (the reported sites are offset by a few bases from each other). evidence=experimental (Langeland et al., 1994, Hader et al., 1998) protein binding site FBsf0000160071 3L:8,660,068..8,660,078 bound_moiety=cad-XP comment=cad-binding site 5 in the h stripe 6 element. evidence=experimental (Hader et al., 1998) protein binding site FBsf0000160072 3L:8,660,073..8,660,082 bound_moiety=Kr-XP comment=Kr-binding site 4 in the h stripe 6 element. evidence=experimental (Langeland et al., 1994, Bergman et al., 2005) protein binding site FBsf0000160073 3L:8,660,074..8,660,085 bound_moiety=kni-XP comment=kni-binding site 8 in the h stripe 6 element. evidence=experimental (Hader et al., 1998) protein binding site FBsf0000160074 3L:8,660,088..8,660,099 bound_moiety=cad-XP comment=cad-binding site 6 in the h stripe 6 element. evidence=experimental (Hader et al., 1998) protein binding site FBsf0000160075 3L:8,660,104..8,660,115 bound_moiety=kni-XP comment=kni-binding site 9 in the h stripe 6 element. evidence=experimental (Hader et al., 1998) protein binding site FBsf0000160076 3L:8,660,111..8,660,121 bound_moiety=cad-XP comment=cad-binding site 7.1 in the h stripe 6 element. The binding site in the reference sequence differs by one base from reported binding site. evidence=experimental (Hader et al., 1998) protein binding site FBsf0000160077 3L:8,660,140..8,660,151 bound_moiety=kni-XP comment=kni-binding site 10 in the h stripe 6 element. evidence=experimental (Hader et al., 1998) protein binding site FBsf0000160078 3L:8,660,149..8,660,159 comment=cad-binding site 8 in the h stripe 6 element. evidence=experimental bound_moiety=cad-XP (Hader et al., 1998) protein binding site FBsf0000160079 3L:8,660,178..8,660,188 comment=cad-binding site 9.1 in the h stripe 6 element. bound_moiety=cad-XP evidence=experimental (Hader et al., 1998) protein binding site FBsf0000160080 3L:8,660,185..8,660,196 bound_moiety=kni-XP comment=kni-binding site 11 in the h stripe 6 element. evidence=experimental (Hader et al., 1998) protein binding site FBsf0000160081 3L:8,660,194..8,660,208 evidence=experimental bound_moiety=cad-XP comment=cad-binding site 9.2 in the h stripe 6 element. (Hader et al., 1998) protein binding site FBsf0000160082 3L:8,660,213..8,660,224 comment=kni-binding site 12 in the h stripe 6 element. bound_moiety=kni-XP evidence=experimental (Hader et al., 1998) protein binding site FBsf0000160083 3L:8,660,227..8,660,237 bound_moiety=cad-XP comment=cad-binding site 10 in the h stripe 6 element. evidence=experimental (Hader et al., 1998) protein binding site FBsf0000160084 3L:8,660,235..8,660,246 bound_moiety=kni-XP comment=kni-binding site 13 in the h stripe 6 element. evidence=experimental (Hader et al., 1998) protein binding site FBsf0000160085 3L:8,660,246..8,660,267 bound_moiety=cad-XP comment=cad-binding site 11 in the h stripe 6 element. evidence=experimental (Hader et al., 1998) protein binding site FBsf0000160086 3L:8,660,264..8,660,275 bound_moiety=kni-XP comment=kni-binding site 14 in the h stripe 6 element. evidence=experimental (Hader et al., 1998) protein binding site FBsf0000160087 3L:8,660,273..8,660,282 bound_moiety=Kr-XP comment=Kr-binding site 5 in h stripe 6 element. evidence=experimental (Langeland et al., 1994, Bergman et al., 2005) protein binding site FBsf0000160088 3L:8,660,277..8,660,287 bound_moiety=cad-XP comment=cad-binding site 12 in the h stripe 6 element. evidence=experimental (Hader et al., 1998) protein binding site FBsf0000160089 3L:8,660,299..8,660,308 bound_moiety=Kr-XP comment=Kr-binding site 6 in h stripe 6 element. evidence=experimental (Bergman et al., 2005, Langeland et al., 1994) protein binding site FBsf0000160090 3L:8,660,320..8,660,330 bound_moiety=cad-XP comment=cad-binding site 13 in h stripe 6 element. evidence=experimental (Hader et al., 1998) protein binding site FBsf0000160091 3L:8,660,329..8,660,340 bound_moiety=kni-XP comment=kni-binding site 15 in the h stripe 6 element. evidence=experimental (Hader et al., 1998) protein binding site FBsf0000160092 3L:8,660,341..8,660,358 bound_moiety=cad-XP comment=cad-binding site 14 in the h@ stripe 6 element. The binding site in the reference sequence differs by one base from the reported site. evidence=experimental (Hader et al., 1998) protein binding site FBsf0000160093 3L:8,660,384..8,660,393 bound_moiety=cad-XP comment=cad-binding site 14 in h stripe 6 element. evidence=experimental (Hader et al., 1998) protein binding site FBsf0000160094 3L:8,660,390..8,660,401 bound_moiety=kni-XP comment=kni-binding site 16 in the h stripe 6 element. evidence=experimental (Hader et al., 1998) protein binding site FBsf0000160095 3L:8,660,406..8,660,415 bound_moiety=Kr-XP comment=Kr-binding site 7 in h stripe 6 element. evidence=experimental (Bergman et al., 2005, Langeland et al., 1994) protein binding site FBsf0000160096 3L:8,660,426..8,660,437 bound_moiety=kni-XP comment=kni-binding site 17 in the h stripe 6 element. evidence=experimental (Hader et al., 1998) protein binding site FBsf0000160097 3L:8,660,447..8,660,457 bound_moiety=cad-XP comment=cad-binding site 15 in the h@ stripe 6 element. The binding site in the reference sequence differs by one base from the reported site. evidence=experimental (Hader et al., 1998) protein binding site FBsf0000160098 3L:8,660,462..8,660,473 bound_moiety=kni-XP comment=kni-binding site 18 in the h stripe 6 element. evidence=experimental (Hader et al., 1998) protein binding site FBsf0000160099 3L:8,660,470..8,660,480 bound_moiety=cad-XP comment=cad-binding site 16 in h stripe 6 element. evidence=experimental (Hader et al., 1998) protein binding site FBsf0000160100 3L:8,660,476..8,660,487 bound_moiety=kni-XP comment=kni-binding site 19 in the h stripe 6 element. evidence=experimental (Hader et al., 1998) protein binding site FBsf0000160101 3L:8,660,486..8,660,495 bound_moiety=kni-XP comment=kni-binding site 20 in the h stripe 6 element. evidence=experimental (Langeland et al., 1994) protein binding site FBsf0000160102 3L:8,663,250..8,663,259 bound_moiety=Kr-XP comment=Kr-binding site 1 in the h stripe 5 element. evidence=experimental (Langeland et al., 1994) protein binding site FBsf0000160103 3L:8,663,362..8,663,371 bound_moiety=Kr-XP comment=Kr-binding site 2 in the h stripe 5 element. evidence=experimental (Langeland et al., 1994) protein binding site FBsf0000160104 3L:8,663,384..8,663,393 bound_moiety=Kr-XP comment=Kr-binding site 3 in the h stripe 5 element. evidence=experimental (Langeland et al., 1994) protein binding site FBsf0000160105 3L:8,663,403..8,663,412 bound_moiety=kni-XP comment=kni-binding site 1 in the h stripe 5 element. evidence=experimental (Langeland et al., 1994) protein binding site FBsf0000160906 3L:8,658,210..8,658,219 bound_moiety=hb-XP evidence=experimental (La Rosee et al., 1997, Bergman et al., 2005) protein binding site FBsf0000160907 3L:8,658,033..8,658,059 bound_moiety=hb-XP evidence=experimental (Hartmann et al., 1994, Bergman et al., 2005) protein binding site FBsf0000160908 3L:8,658,822..8,658,829 bound_moiety=kni-XP evidence=experimental (Bergman et al., 2005, La Rosee et al., 1997) protein binding site FBsf0000160909 3L:8,658,207..8,658,214 bound_moiety=kni-XP evidence=experimental (La Rosee et al., 1997, Bergman et al., 2005) protein binding site FBsf0000160910 3L:8,658,088..8,658,098 bound_moiety=hb-XP evidence=experimental (Bergman et al., 2005, Hartmann et al., 1994) protein binding site FBsf0000160911 3L:8,658,888..8,658,896 bound_moiety=bcd-XP evidence=experimental (La Rosee et al., 1997, Bergman et al., 2005) protein binding site FBsf0000160912 3L:8,658,164..8,658,174 bound_moiety=hb-XP evidence=experimental (Hartmann et al., 1994, Bergman et al., 2005) protein binding site FBsf0000160913 3L:8,658,235..8,658,244 bound_moiety=hb-XP evidence=experimental (La Rosee et al., 1997, Bergman et al., 2005) protein binding site FBsf0000160914 3L:8,657,881..8,657,908 bound_moiety=hb-XP evidence=experimental (Bergman et al., 2005, Hartmann et al., 1994) protein binding site FBsf0000160915 3L:8,657,518..8,657,528 bound_moiety=hb-XP evidence=experimental (Hartmann et al., 1994, Bergman et al., 2005) protein binding site FBsf0000160916 3L:8,657,726..8,657,749 bound_moiety=kni-XP evidence=experimental (Hartmann et al., 1994, Bergman et al., 2005) protein binding site FBsf0000160917 3L:8,658,249..8,658,256 bound_moiety=kni-XP evidence=experimental (Bergman et al., 2005, La Rosee et al., 1997) protein binding site FBsf0000160918 3L:8,659,064..8,659,073 bound_moiety=kni-XP evidence=experimental (Bergman et al., 2005, La Rosee et al., 1997) protein binding site FBsf0000160919 3L:8,657,750..8,657,760 bound_moiety=hb-XP evidence=experimental (Hartmann et al., 1994, Bergman et al., 2005) protein binding site FBsf0000160920 3L:8,658,862..8,658,871 bound_moiety=hb-XP evidence=experimental (La Rosee et al., 1997, Bergman et al., 2005) protein binding site FBsf0000160921 3L:8,658,523..8,658,531 bound_moiety=bcd-XP evidence=experimental (La Rosee et al., 1997, Bergman et al., 2005) protein binding site FBsf0000160922 3L:8,658,223..8,658,230 bound_moiety=kni-XP evidence=experimental (La Rosee et al., 1997, Bergman et al., 2005) protein binding site FBsf0000160923 3L:8,657,588..8,657,597 bound_moiety=hb-XP evidence=experimental (Hartmann et al., 1994, Bergman et al., 2005) protein binding site FBsf0000160924 3L:8,658,358..8,658,365 bound_moiety=kni-XP evidence=experimental (La Rosee et al., 1997, Bergman et al., 2005) protein binding site FBsf0000160925 3L:8,658,258..8,658,268 bound_moiety=hb-XP evidence=experimental (Hartmann et al., 1994, Bergman et al., 2005) protein binding site FBsf0000160926 3L:8,658,583..8,658,591 bound_moiety=bcd-XP evidence=experimental (La Rosee et al., 1997, Bergman et al., 2005) protein binding site FBsf0000160927 3L:8,657,663..8,657,673 bound_moiety=hb-XP evidence=experimental (Hartmann et al., 1994, Bergman et al., 2005) protein binding site FBsf0000160928 3L:8,657,926..8,657,936 bound_moiety=hb-XP evidence=experimental (Bergman et al., 2005, Hartmann et al., 1994) protein binding site FBsf0000160929 3L:8,658,382..8,658,391 bound_moiety=hb-XP evidence=experimental (La Rosee et al., 1997, Bergman et al., 2005) protein binding site FBsf0000160930 3L:8,657,685..8,657,695 bound_moiety=hb-XP evidence=experimental (Bergman et al., 2005, Hartmann et al., 1994) protein binding site FBsf0000160931 3L:8,657,910..8,657,919 evidence=experimental bound_moiety=kni-XP (Hartmann et al., 1994, Bergman et al., 2005) protein binding site FBsf0000160932 3L:8,659,056..8,659,065 bound_moiety=hb-XP evidence=experimental (La Rosee et al., 1997, Bergman et al., 2005) protein binding site FBsf0000160933 3L:8,658,191..8,658,201 bound_moiety=hb-XP evidence=experimental (Bergman et al., 2005, Hartmann et al., 1994) protein binding site FBsf0000160934 3L:8,659,008..8,659,015 evidence=experimental bound_moiety=kni-XP (Bergman et al., 2005, La Rosee et al., 1997) protein binding site FBsf0000160935 3L:8,658,556..8,658,563 bound_moiety=kni-XP evidence=experimental (La Rosee et al., 1997, Bergman et al., 2005) protein binding site FBsf0000160936 3L:8,657,623..8,657,633 bound_moiety=hb-XP evidence=experimental (Hartmann et al., 1994, Bergman et al., 2005) protein binding site FBsf0000160937 3L:8,659,032..8,659,041 bound_moiety=hb-XP evidence=experimental (La Rosee et al., 1997, Bergman et al., 2005) protein binding site FBsf0000160938 3L:8,658,573..8,658,581 bound_moiety=bcd-XP evidence=experimental (La Rosee et al., 1997, Bergman et al., 2005) protein binding site FBsf0000160939 3L:8,658,828..8,658,836 bound_moiety=bcd-XP evidence=experimental (La Rosee et al., 1997, Bergman et al., 2005) protein binding site FBsf0000160940 3L:8,658,018..8,658,049 bound_moiety=kni-XP evidence=experimental (Hartmann et al., 1994, Bergman et al., 2005) protein binding site FBsf0000160941 3L:8,657,653..8,657,662 bound_moiety=kni-XP evidence=experimental (Hartmann et al., 1994, Bergman et al., 2005) protein binding site FBsf0000160942 3L:8,658,315..8,658,323 bound_moiety=bcd-XP evidence=experimental (Bergman et al., 2005, La Rosee et al., 1997) protein binding site FBsf0000160943 3L:8,659,959..8,659,978 bound_moiety=kni-XP evidence=experimental (Langeland et al., 1994, Bergman et al., 2005) protein binding site FBsf0000160944 3L:8,659,962..8,659,978 bound_moiety=hb-XP evidence=experimental (Hader et al., 1998, Bergman et al., 2005) protein binding site FBsf0000160945 3L:8,660,000..8,660,018 bound_moiety=hb-XP evidence=experimental (Hader et al., 1998, Bergman et al., 2005) protein binding site FBsf0000160946 3L:8,660,010..8,660,016 bound_moiety=bcd-XP evidence=experimental (Bergman et al., 2005, Hader et al., 1998) protein binding site FBsf0000160947 3L:8,660,058..8,660,075 bound_moiety=tll-XP evidence=experimental (Bergman et al., 2005, Hader et al., 1998) protein binding site FBsf0000160948 3L:8,660,113..8,660,132 bound_moiety=hb-XP evidence=experimental (Hader et al., 1998, Bergman et al., 2005) protein binding site FBsf0000160949 3L:8,660,146..8,660,187 bound_moiety=hb-XP evidence=experimental (Hader et al., 1998, Bergman et al., 2005) protein binding site FBsf0000160950 3L:8,660,157..8,660,164 bound_moiety=Kr-XP evidence=experimental (Hader et al., 1998, Bergman et al., 2005) protein binding site FBsf0000160951 3L:8,660,274..8,660,283 bound_moiety=bcd-XP evidence=experimental (Hader et al., 1998, Bergman et al., 2005) protein binding site FBsf0000160952 3L:8,660,280..8,660,288 bound_moiety=hb-XP evidence=experimental (Hader et al., 1998, Bergman et al., 2005) protein binding site FBsf0000160953 3L:8,660,322..8,660,331 bound_moiety=hb-XP evidence=experimental (Hader et al., 1998, Bergman et al., 2005) protein binding site FBsf0000160954 3L:8,660,355..8,660,383 bound_moiety=tll-XP evidence=experimental (Hader et al., 1998, Bergman et al., 2005) protein binding site FBsf0000160955 3L:8,660,378..8,660,392 bound_moiety=hb-XP evidence=experimental (Bergman et al., 2005, Hader et al., 1998) protein binding site FBsf0000160956 3L:8,660,400..8,660,414 bound_moiety=hb-XP evidence=experimental (Hader et al., 1998, Bergman et al., 2005) protein binding site FBsf0000160957 3L:8,658,315..8,658,323 bound_moiety=bcd-XP evidence=experimental (La Rosee et al., 1997, Bergman et al., 2005) protein binding site FBsf0000160958 3L:8,658,318..8,658,325 bound_moiety=kni-XP evidence=experimental (Bergman et al., 2005, La Rosee et al., 1997) protein binding site FBsf0000160959 3L:8,658,417..8,658,424 bound_moiety=kni-XP evidence=experimental (Bergman et al., 2005, La Rosee et al., 1997) protein binding site FBsf0000160960 3L:8,658,419..8,658,427 bound_moiety=bcd-XP evidence=experimental (Bergman et al., 2005, La Rosee et al., 1997) protein binding site FBsf0000160961 3L:8,658,990..8,658,997 bound_moiety=kni-XP evidence=experimental (Bergman et al., 2005, La Rosee et al., 1997) protein binding site FBsf0000160962 3L:8,658,401..8,658,410 bound_moiety=hb-XP evidence=experimental (La Rosee et al., 1997, Bergman et al., 2005) protein binding site FBsf0000160963 3L:8,660,371..8,660,377 bound_moiety=bcd-XP evidence=experimental (Hader et al., 1998, Bergman et al., 2005) protein binding site FBsf0000160964 3L:8,658,638..8,658,645 evidence=experimental bound_moiety=kni-XP (Bergman et al., 2005, La Rosee et al., 1997) protein binding site FBsf0000160965 3L:8,658,692..8,658,699 bound_moiety=kni-XP evidence=experimental (La Rosee et al., 1997, Bergman et al., 2005) protein binding site FBsf0000159817 3L:8,658,771..8,658,778 bound_moiety=kni-XP evidence=experimental (La Rosee et al., 1997, Bergman et al., 2005) protein binding site FBsf0000159818 3L:8,658,908..8,658,917 bound_moiety=hb-XP evidence=experimental (La Rosee et al., 1997, Bergman et al., 2005) regulatory region FBsf0000161348 3L:8,657,461..8,657,943 comment=h stripe 3 element linked_to=StuI-EcoRI_rfrag (Howard and Struhl, 1990) regulatory region FBsf0000161349 3L:8,657,461..8,658,378 comment=h stripe 4 element linked_to=StuI-ClaI_rfrag (Howard and Struhl, 1990) regulatory region FBsf0000161350 3L:8,657,938..8,659,416 comment=h stripe 7 element linked_to=EcoRI-EcoRI_rfrag (Howard and Struhl, 1990, Riddihough and Ish-Horowicz, 1991) regulatory region FBsf0000161351 3L:8,658,178..8,659,109 comment=h stripe 7 element evidence=experimental (La Rosee et al., 1997) regulatory region FBsf0000161352 3L:8,659,411..8,660,496 comment=h stripe 2 element linked_to=EcoRI-BglII_rfrag (Howard and Struhl, 1990) regulatory region FBsf0000161353 3L:8,659,954..8,660,496 comment=h stripe 6 element linked_to=SmaI-BglII_rfrag (Howard and Struhl, 1990, Langeland et al., 1994) regulatory region FBsf0000161368 3L:8,662,066..8,664,905 comment=h stripe 5 element linked_to=KpnI-BamHI_rfrag (Howard and Struhl, 1990, Langeland et al., 1994, Riddihough and Ish-Horowicz, 1991) regulatory region FBsf0000161369 3L:8,663,180..8,663,481 comment=h stripe 5 core element linked_to=EagI-PvuI_rfrag (Langeland et al., 1994) regulatory region FBsf0000161370 3L:8,663,743..8,664,905 comment=h stripe 1 element linked_to=EcoRI-BamHI_rfrag (Howard and Struhl, 1990, Riddihough and Ish-Horowicz, 1991) regulatory region FBsf0000435101 3L:8,704,090..8,708,424 evidence=Reporter construct (in vivo) (Hays et al., 1999, Halfon, 2012.6.19) regulatory region FBsf0000435102 3L:8,680,591..8,681,060 evidence=Reporter construct (in vivo) (Ochoa-Espinosa et al., 2005, Halfon, 2012.6.19) regulatory region FBsf0000435243 3L:8,658,828..8,659,109 evidence=Reporter construct (in vivo) (La Rosee et al., 1997, Halfon, 2012.6.19) regulatory region FBsf0000435383 3L:8,659,957..8,660,491 evidence=Reporter construct (in vivo) (Howard and Struhl, 1990, Halfon, 2012.6.19) regulatory region FBsf0000435527 3L:8,700,659..8,704,089 evidence=Reporter construct (in vivo) (Hays et al., 1999, Halfon, 2012.6.19) regulatory region FBsf0000435574 3L:8,700,660..8,701,648 evidence=Reporter construct (in vivo) (Kwon et al., 2004, Halfon, 2012.6.19) regulatory region FBsf0000435580 3L:8,658,231..8,658,946 evidence=Reporter construct (in vivo) (La Rosee et al., 1997, Halfon, 2012.6.19) regulatory region FBsf0000435661 3L:8,658,177..8,658,828 evidence=Reporter construct (in vivo) (La Rosee et al., 1997, Halfon, 2012.6.19) regulatory region FBsf0000435755 3L:8,663,180..8,663,479 evidence=Reporter construct (in vivo) (Langeland et al., 1994, Halfon, 2012.6.19) regulatory region FBsf0000435829 3L:8,656,630..8,658,374 evidence=Reporter construct (in vivo) (Howard and Struhl, 1990, Halfon, 2012.6.19) regulatory region FBsf0000435927 3L:8,659,411..8,660,491 evidence=Reporter construct (in vivo) (Howard and Struhl, 1990, Halfon, 2012.6.19) regulatory region FBsf0000436197 3L:8,666,387..8,676,480 evidence=Rescue construct (Howard and Struhl, 1990, Halfon, 2012.6.19) regulatory region FBsf0000436209 3L:8,664,025..8,664,900 evidence=Reporter construct (in vivo) (Riddihough and Ish-Horowicz, 1991, Halfon, 2012.6.19) regulatory region FBsf0000436569 3L:8,669,700..8,672,699 evidence=Reporter construct (in vivo) (Hays et al., 1999, Halfon, 2012.6.19) regulatory region FBsf0000436647 3L:8,657,463..8,657,938 evidence=Reporter construct (in vivo) (Howard and Struhl, 1990, Halfon, 2012.6.19)
External Data
Linkouts
Crossreferences
Expression Data
Transcript Expression
No Assay Recorded Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference embryonic stage     (Manoukian and Krause, 1992) in situ Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference embryonic stage | late   adult salivary gland primordium   (Myat and Andrew, 2002) embryonic stage   epithelial cell   • cytoplasm | apical (Lecuyer et al., 2007) Comment:diffuse apical distribution epithelium   • cytoplasm | apical (Lecuyer et al., 2007) embryonic stage 2   organism | restricted & ventral   (Kim et al., 2000) Comment:broad ventral band at mid-embryo organism | striped   (Kim et al., 2000) Comment:3 anterior, 1 posterior stripe embryonic stage 3 -- 4   organism | pair rule expression pattern   (Kim et al., 2000) embryonic stage 4 -- 5   organism | pair rule expression pattern   (Hader et al., 1998) embryonic stage 4 -- 6   clypeo-labral anlage in statu nascendi   (Fisher et al., 2012) dorsal ectoderm anlage   (Fisher et al., 2012) Comment:anlage in statu nascendi hypopharynx anlage in statu nascendi   (Fisher et al., 2012) organism | pair rule expression pattern   (Fisher et al., 2012) ventral ectoderm anlage   (Fisher et al., 2012) Comment:anlage in statu nascendi embryonic stage 7 -- 8   antennal anlage   (Fisher et al., 2012) Comment:reported as procephalic ectoderm anlage central brain anlage   (Fisher et al., 2012) Comment:reported as procephalic ectoderm anlage dorsal head epidermis anlage   (Fisher et al., 2012) Comment:reported as procephalic ectoderm anlage visual anlage   (Fisher et al., 2012) Comment:reported as procephalic ectoderm anlage clypeo-labral anlage   (Fisher et al., 2012) dorsal ectoderm   (Fisher et al., 2012) hypopharynx anlage   (Fisher et al., 2012) organism | pair rule expression pattern   (Fisher et al., 2012) ventral ectoderm   (Fisher et al., 2012) embryonic stage 9 -- 10   dorsal ectoderm   (Fisher et al., 2012) hypopharynx inclusive primordium   (Fisher et al., 2012) organism | pair rule expression pattern   (Fisher et al., 2012) ventral ectoderm   (Fisher et al., 2012) embryonic stage 11 -- 12   clypeo-labral primordium   (Fisher et al., 2012) dorsal epidermis primordium   (Fisher et al., 2012) hindgut proper primordium   (Fisher et al., 2012) hypopharynx proper primordium   (Fisher et al., 2012) embryonic stage 13 -- 16   embryonic anal pad   (Fisher et al., 2012) embryonic hindgut   (Fisher et al., 2012) labral segment   (Fisher et al., 2012)
Additional Descriptive Data
	Transient expression of h transcript is observed in the salivary gland placode prior to invagination in late embryos. (Myat and Andrew, 2002) No changes in h expression were observed in response to ectopic eve expression in evehs.PS embryos within 30 min of the heat shock. (Manoukian and Krause, 1992)
Marker for
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Polypeptide Expression
immunolocalization Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference embryonic stage 1 -- 9   labral segment   (Hooper et al., 1989) median tooth | precursor   (Hooper et al., 1989) blastoderm stage   organism | pair rule expression pattern   (Kania et al., 1990) organism | striped   (Hooper et al., 1989) embryonic stage 5   organism | striped   (Hooper et al., 1989) organism | pair rule expression pattern   (Riddihough and Ish-Horowicz, 1991, Langeland and Carroll, 1993, Langeland et al., 1994) embryonic cycle 14   organism | striped   (Hooper et al., 1989) embryonic stage 9 -- 16   proctodeum   (Hooper et al., 1989) embryonic stage 10   stomodeum   (Hooper et al., 1989) embryonic stage 10 -- 11   tracheal pit   (Hooper et al., 1989) embryonic stage 11 -- 14   visceral mesoderm   (Hooper et al., 1989) somatic mesoderm   (Hooper et al., 1989) embryonic stage 14 -- 16   embryonic hindgut   (Hooper et al., 1989) anal plate   (Hooper et al., 1989) third instar larval stage   eye disc | anterior & gradient & restricted   (Fu and Baker, 2003) morphogenetic furrow | anterior to   (Fu and Baker, 2003) mass spectroscopy Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference day 5 of adulthood & male -- day 7 of adulthood & male   spermatozoon   (Wasbrough et al., 2010)
Additional Descriptive Data
	Expression of h protein is observed in a rising gradient anterior to the morphogenetic furrow. (Fu and Baker, 2003) h protein stripes are first visible in embryos at cycle 14. The first stripes to appear are 1, 2, 3 and 7. Stripes 4 and 6 are fused to 3 and 7 when first detected. The seven stripes are not of equal width. The first two stripes are consistently broader than stripes 3, 5, 6, and 7, and stripe 4 is the weakest. The h stripes decay at the onset of gastrulation and germ band extension. h expression is also observed in a head patch between 80-95% egg length. h staining in the head persists through germ band elongation. By stage 9, the patch has migrated to the clypeolabrum, including the primordium of the labral tooth. h expression in the proctodeum begins at stage 9 and continues until about stage 16. At about stage 10, expression initiates in the stomodeum and in tracheal pit primordia and ceases in trachea by the onset of germ band retraction. During germ band retraction (stage 11) expression occurs throughout the mesoderm in both the somatic and visceral layers and persists until stage 14. Expression in the hindgut and anal plates begins around stage 14 and persists until stage 16. (Hooper et al., 1989) The position of run protein stripes was compared to that of other segmentation genes. The h protein stripes are anterior to and complementary to the run protein stripes. (Kania et al., 1990)
Marker for
Subcellular Localization (GO Cellular Component)
CV term Evidence References
Expression Deduced from Reporters
Reporter: P{A92}hL43a Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference embryonic stage 5   organism | pair rule expression pattern   (Riddihough and Ish-Horowicz, 1991) embryonic stage 5 -- 11   organism | striped   (Fasano et al., 1988) embryonic stage 5 -- 17   mesoderm   (Fasano et al., 1988) embryonic stage 11 -- 17   tracheal pit   (Fasano et al., 1988) embryonic foregut   (Fasano et al., 1988) embryonic hindgut   (Fasano et al., 1988) embryonic stage 16 -- 17   embryonic/larval muscle system   (Fasano et al., 1988) embryonic/larval anal pad   (Fasano et al., 1988) third instar larval stage   embryonic/larval epidermis   (Fasano et al., 1988) imaginal disc | restricted   (Fasano et al., 1988) embryonic/larval salivary gland   (Fasano et al., 1988) adult stage & oogenesis   follicle cell   (Fasano et al., 1988) Reporter: P{GAL4}hH10 Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference third instar larval stage   morphogenetic furrow | anterior to   (Huang and Fischer-Vize, 1996, Chanut et al., 2002) Reporter: P{GawB}h-540.3 Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference embryonic stage   organism | pair rule expression pattern   (Speicher et al., 1994) third instar larval stage   wing disc | restricted   (Speicher et al., 1994) Reporter: P{GawB}h1J3 Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference embryonic stage | early   organism | pair rule expression pattern   (Le Gall and Giniger, 2004) embryonic stage   head   (Brand and Perrimon, 1993) organism | pair rule expression pattern   (Brand and Perrimon, 1993) embryonic stage 7 -- 11   ectoderm   (Brand and Perrimon, 1993) embryonic stage 7 -- 12   mesoderm   (Brand and Perrimon, 1993) embryonic stage 13 -- 17   embryonic/larval muscle system   (Brand and Perrimon, 1993) larval stage   ventral thoracic disc | restricted   (Kiger and O'Shea, 2001) third instar larval stage   morphogenetic furrow | anterior to   (Huang and Fischer-Vize, 1996) Reporter: P{GawB}ptc559.1 Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference embryonic stage | late   visceral mesoderm of foregut   (Page, 2002) embryonic brain | segmentally repeated   (Page, 2002) embryonic stage   organism | pair rule expression pattern   (Speicher et al., 1994) leading edge mixer cell | subset   (Gettings et al., 2010) embryonic stage 10 -- 17   embryonic head | restricted   (Marquez et al., 2001) organism | segmentally repeated   (Marquez et al., 2001) third instar larval stage   wing disc | restricted   (Hinz et al., 1994) wing disc | restricted   (Feger et al., 1995, Speicher et al., 1994) wing disc | restricted   (Sun and Artavanis-Tsakonas, 1997) wing disc | anterior/posterior compartment boundary   (Speicher et al., 1994)   (Marquez et al., 2001) adult stage   thoracico-abdominal ganglion | posterior   (Monastirioti, 2003) adult mushroom body   (Monastirioti, 2003)
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools
Reference	See Gelbart and Emmert, 2010.10.13 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
FlyAtlas Anatomy Microarray
FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data (FlyAtlas-RNA.adult) (FlyAtlas-RNA.larva)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap Back-to-back    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High level expression bin max Very high expression bin max Summary of FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data: Nearly all larval and adult organs/tissues expressed at high levels. Expression at high levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult head, adult eye, adult crop, larval/adult midgut, larval/adult hindgut, larval/adult Malpighian tubules, adult heart, larval/adult fat body, larval/adult salivary gland, larval trachea, adult spermathecae, adult male accessory gland, larval/adult carcass. Expression at moderate levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult thoracico-abdominal ganglion, adult ovary. [download data (TSV)] Guide to FlyAtlas expression level colors   No expression (0 - 9.999)   Low expression (10 - 99.999)   Moderate expression (100 - 499.999)   High level expression (500 - 999.999)   Very high expression (>999.999) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    92.8 Larval Midgut    1004.6 Larval Hindgut    1865.6 Larval Malpighian Tubules    1148.1 Larval Fat Body    1037.5 Larval Salivary Gland    1032.8 Larval Trachea    2254.4 Larval Carcass    860.1 Adult Head    585.4 Adult Eye    645.125 Adult Brain    87.1 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    139 Adult Crop    2213.5 Adult Midgut    1261.1 Adult Hindgut    1735.9 Adult Malpighian Tubules    2472.2 Adult Fat Body    1201.3 Adult Salivary Gland    1216.8 Adult Heart    1871.075 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    1787.8 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    1778.6 Adult Ovary    126.3 Adult Testis    94.2 Adult Male Accessory Gland    1200.6 Adult Carcass    1088.2 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    92.8 Larval Midgut  (1004.6) Larval Hindgut  (1865.6) Larval Malpighian Tubules  (1148.1) Larval Fat Body  (1037.5) Larval Salivary Gland  (1032.8) Larval Trachea  (2254.4) Larval Carcass  (860.1) Adult Head  (585.4) Adult Eye  (645.125) Adult Brain    87.1 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    139 Adult Crop  (2213.5) Adult Midgut  (1261.1) Adult Hindgut  (1735.9) Adult Malpighian Tubules  (2472.2) Adult Fat Body  (1201.3) Adult Salivary Gland  (1216.8) Adult Heart  (1871.075) Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca  (1787.8) Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca  (1778.6) Adult Ovary    126.3 Adult Testis    94.2 Adult Male Accessory Gland  (1200.6) Adult Carcass  (1088.2) Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High  Linear, scaled to High level expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    92.8 Larval Midgut  1004.6 Larval Hindgut  (1865.6) Larval Malpighian Tubules  (1148.1) Larval Fat Body  1037.5 Larval Salivary Gland  1032.8 Larval Trachea  (2254.4) Larval Carcass    860.1 Adult Head    585.4 Adult Eye    645.125 Adult Brain    87.1 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    139 Adult Crop  (2213.5) Adult Midgut  (1261.1) Adult Hindgut  (1735.9) Adult Malpighian Tubules  (2472.2) Adult Fat Body  (1201.3) Adult Salivary Gland  (1216.8) Adult Heart  (1871.075) Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca  (1787.8) Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca  (1778.6) Adult Ovary    126.3 Adult Testis    94.2 Adult Male Accessory Gland  (1200.6) Adult Carcass  (1088.2) Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Very high expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    92.8 Larval Midgut    1004.6 Larval Hindgut    1865.6 Larval Malpighian Tubules    1148.1 Larval Fat Body    1037.5 Larval Salivary Gland    1032.8 Larval Trachea    2254.4 Larval Carcass    860.1 Adult Head    585.4 Adult Eye    645.125 Adult Brain    87.1 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    139 Adult Crop    2213.5 Adult Midgut    1261.1 Adult Hindgut    1735.9 Adult Malpighian Tubules    2472.2 Adult Fat Body    1201.3 Adult Salivary Gland    1216.8 Adult Heart    1871.075 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    1787.8 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    1778.6 Adult Ovary    126.3 Adult Testis    94.2 Adult Male Accessory Gland    1200.6 Adult Carcass    1088.2 Expression Level Scale  Very high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    92.8 Larval Midgut    1004.6 Larval Hindgut    1865.6 Larval Malpighian Tubules    1148.1 Larval Fat Body    1037.5 Larval Salivary Gland    1032.8 Larval Trachea    2254.4 Larval Carcass    860.1 Adult Head    585.4 Adult Eye    645.125 Adult Brain    87.1 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    139 Adult Crop    2213.5 Adult Midgut    1261.1 Adult Hindgut    1735.9 Adult Malpighian Tubules    2472.2 Adult Fat Body    1201.3 Adult Salivary Gland    1216.8 Adult Heart    1871.075 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    1787.8 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    1778.6 Adult Ovary    126.3 Adult Testis    94.2 Adult Male Accessory Gland    1200.6 Adult Carcass    1088.2 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  log, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    92.8 Larval Midgut  (1004.6) Larval Hindgut  (1865.6) Larval Malpighian Tubules  (1148.1) Larval Fat Body  (1037.5) Larval Salivary Gland  (1032.8) Larval Trachea  (2254.4) Larval Carcass  (860.1) Adult Head  585.4 Adult Eye  645.125 Adult Brain    87.1 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    139 Adult Crop  (2213.5) Adult Midgut  (1261.1) Adult Hindgut  (1735.9) Adult Malpighian Tubules  (2472.2) Adult Fat Body  (1201.3) Adult Salivary Gland  (1216.8) Adult Heart  (1871.075) Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca  (1787.8) Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca  (1778.6) Adult Ovary    126.3 Adult Testis    94.2 Adult Male Accessory Gland  (1200.6) Adult Carcass  (1088.2) Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High  log, scaled to High level expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    92.8 Larval Midgut  1004.6 Larval Hindgut  (1865.6) Larval Malpighian Tubules  1148.1 Larval Fat Body  1037.5 Larval Salivary Gland  1032.8 Larval Trachea  (2254.4) Larval Carcass    860.1 Adult Head    585.4 Adult Eye    645.125 Adult Brain    87.1 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    139 Adult Crop  (2213.5) Adult Midgut  1261.1 Adult Hindgut  (1735.9) Adult Malpighian Tubules  (2472.2) Adult Fat Body  1201.3 Adult Salivary Gland  1216.8 Adult Heart  (1871.075) Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca  (1787.8) Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca  (1778.6) Adult Ovary    126.3 Adult Testis    94.2 Adult Male Accessory Gland  1200.6 Adult Carcass  1088.2 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  log, scaled to Very high expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    92.8 Larval Midgut    1004.6 Larval Hindgut    1865.6 Larval Malpighian Tubules    1148.1 Larval Fat Body    1037.5 Larval Salivary Gland    1032.8 Larval Trachea    2254.4 Larval Carcass    860.1 Adult Head    585.4 Adult Eye    645.125 Adult Brain    87.1 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    139 Adult Crop    2213.5 Adult Midgut    1261.1 Adult Hindgut    1735.9 Adult Malpighian Tubules    2472.2 Adult Fat Body    1201.3 Adult Salivary Gland    1216.8 Adult Heart    1871.075 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    1787.8 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    1778.6 Adult Ovary    126.3 Adult Testis    94.2 Adult Male Accessory Gland    1200.6 Adult Carcass    1088.2 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  Heatmap Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System     Larval Midgut     Larval Hindgut     Larval Malpighian Tubules     Larval Fat Body     Larval Salivary Gland     Larval Trachea     Larval Carcass     Adult Head     Adult Eye     Adult Brain     Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion     Adult Crop     Adult Midgut     Adult Hindgut     Adult Malpighian Tubules     Adult Fat Body     Adult Salivary Gland     Adult Heart     Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca     Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca     Adult Ovary     Adult Testis     Adult Male Accessory Gland     Adult Carcass     FlyAtlas Organ/Tissue Expression, larval vs. adult Larval Expression Level Tissue Adult Expression Level   NA  Head    585.4   NA  Eye    645.125   NA  Brain    87.1   92.8  Central Nervous System    NA   NA  Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    139   NA  Crop    2213.5   1004.6  Midgut    1261.1   1865.6  Hindgut    1735.9   1148.1  Malpighian Tubules    2472.2   1037.5  Fat Body    1201.3   1032.8  Salivary Gland    1216.8   NA  Heart    1871.075   2254.4  Trachea    NA   NA  VirginFemale Spermatheca    1787.8   NA  InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    1778.6   NA  Ovary    126.3   NA  Testis    94.2   NA  Male Accessory Gland    1200.6   860.1  Carcass    1088.2 FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data (Chintapalli et al., 2007)
modENCODE Anatomy RNA-Seq
modENCODE Tissue Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_tissues)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    43 central nervous system, larvae L3    10 central nervous system, pupae P8    2 head, virgin 1-day female    25 head, virgin 4-day female    25 head, virgin 20-day female    36 head, mated 1-day female    19 head, mated 4-day female    34 head, mated 20-day female    34 head, mated 1-day male    32 head, mated 4-day male    33 head, mated 20-day male    41 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    29 salivary gland, white prepupae    8 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    63 digestive system, 1-day adult    41 digestive system, 4-day adult    63 digestive system, 20-day adult    68 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    43 fat body, white prepupae    29 fat body, pupae P8    13 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    42 carcass, 1-day adult    34 carcass, 4-day adult    52 carcass, 20-day adult    75 ovary, virgin 4-day female    5 ovary, mated 4-day female    5 testis, mated 4-day male    8 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    15 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering  (43) central nervous system, larvae L3    10 central nervous system, pupae P8    2 head, virgin 1-day female    25 head, virgin 4-day female    25 head, virgin 20-day female  (36) head, mated 1-day female    19 head, mated 4-day female  (34) head, mated 20-day female  (34) head, mated 1-day male  (32) head, mated 4-day male  (33) head, mated 20-day male  (41) salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering  (29) salivary gland, white prepupae    8 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering  (63) digestive system, 1-day adult  (41) digestive system, 4-day adult  (63) digestive system, 20-day adult  (68) fat body, larvae L3 wandering  (43) fat body, white prepupae  (29) fat body, pupae P8    13 carcass, larvae L3 wandering  (42) carcass, 1-day adult  (34) carcass, 4-day adult  (52) carcass, 20-day adult  (75) ovary, virgin 4-day female    5 ovary, mated 4-day female    5 testis, mated 4-day male    8 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    15 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    43 central nervous system, larvae L3    10 central nervous system, pupae P8    2 head, virgin 1-day female    25 head, virgin 4-day female    25 head, virgin 20-day female    36 head, mated 1-day female    19 head, mated 4-day female    34 head, mated 20-day female    34 head, mated 1-day male    32 head, mated 4-day male    33 head, mated 20-day male    41 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    29 salivary gland, white prepupae    8 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    63 digestive system, 1-day adult    41 digestive system, 4-day adult    63 digestive system, 20-day adult    68 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    43 fat body, white prepupae    29 fat body, pupae P8    13 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    42 carcass, 1-day adult    34 carcass, 4-day adult    52 carcass, 20-day adult    75 ovary, virgin 4-day female    5 ovary, mated 4-day female    5 testis, mated 4-day male    8 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    15 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    43 central nervous system, larvae L3    10 central nervous system, pupae P8    2 head, virgin 1-day female    25 head, virgin 4-day female    25 head, virgin 20-day female    36 head, mated 1-day female    19 head, mated 4-day female    34 head, mated 20-day female    34 head, mated 1-day male    32 head, mated 4-day male    33 head, mated 20-day male    41 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    29 salivary gland, white prepupae    8 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    63 digestive system, 1-day adult    41 digestive system, 4-day adult    63 digestive system, 20-day adult    68 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    43 fat body, white prepupae    29 fat body, pupae P8    13 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    42 carcass, 1-day adult    34 carcass, 4-day adult    52 carcass, 20-day adult    75 ovary, virgin 4-day female    5 ovary, mated 4-day female    5 testis, mated 4-day male    8 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    15 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    43 central nervous system, larvae L3    10 central nervous system, pupae P8    2 head, virgin 1-day female    25 head, virgin 4-day female    25 head, virgin 20-day female    36 head, mated 1-day female    19 head, mated 4-day female    34 head, mated 20-day female    34 head, mated 1-day male    32 head, mated 4-day male    33 head, mated 20-day male    41 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    29 salivary gland, white prepupae    8 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    63 digestive system, 1-day adult    41 digestive system, 4-day adult    63 digestive system, 20-day adult    68 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    43 fat body, white prepupae    29 fat body, pupae P8    13 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    42 carcass, 1-day adult    34 carcass, 4-day adult    52 carcass, 20-day adult    75 ovary, virgin 4-day female    5 ovary, mated 4-day female    5 testis, mated 4-day male    8 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    15 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering  (43) central nervous system, larvae L3    10 central nervous system, pupae P8    2 head, virgin 1-day female    25 head, virgin 4-day female    25 head, virgin 20-day female  (36) head, mated 1-day female    19 head, mated 4-day female  (34) head, mated 20-day female  (34) head, mated 1-day male  32 head, mated 4-day male  (33) head, mated 20-day male  (41) salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering  29 salivary gland, white prepupae    8 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering  (63) digestive system, 1-day adult  (41) digestive system, 4-day adult  (63) digestive system, 20-day adult  (68) fat body, larvae L3 wandering  (43) fat body, white prepupae  29 fat body, pupae P8    13 carcass, larvae L3 wandering  (42) carcass, 1-day adult  (34) carcass, 4-day adult  (52) carcass, 20-day adult  (75) ovary, virgin 4-day female    5 ovary, mated 4-day female    5 testis, mated 4-day male    8 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    15 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    43 central nervous system, larvae L3    10 central nervous system, pupae P8    2 head, virgin 1-day female    25 head, virgin 4-day female    25 head, virgin 20-day female    36 head, mated 1-day female    19 head, mated 4-day female    34 head, mated 20-day female    34 head, mated 1-day male    32 head, mated 4-day male    33 head, mated 20-day male    41 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    29 salivary gland, white prepupae    8 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    63 digestive system, 1-day adult    41 digestive system, 4-day adult    63 digestive system, 20-day adult    68 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    43 fat body, white prepupae    29 fat body, pupae P8    13 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    42 carcass, 1-day adult    34 carcass, 4-day adult    52 carcass, 20-day adult    75 ovary, virgin 4-day female    5 ovary, mated 4-day female    5 testis, mated 4-day male    8 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    15 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    43 central nervous system, larvae L3    10 central nervous system, pupae P8    2 head, virgin 1-day female    25 head, virgin 4-day female    25 head, virgin 20-day female    36 head, mated 1-day female    19 head, mated 4-day female    34 head, mated 20-day female    34 head, mated 1-day male    32 head, mated 4-day male    33 head, mated 20-day male    41 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    29 salivary gland, white prepupae    8 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    63 digestive system, 1-day adult    41 digestive system, 4-day adult    63 digestive system, 20-day adult    68 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    43 fat body, white prepupae    29 fat body, pupae P8    13 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    42 carcass, 1-day adult    34 carcass, 4-day adult    52 carcass, 20-day adult    75 ovary, virgin 4-day female    5 ovary, mated 4-day female    5 testis, mated 4-day male    8 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    15 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering     central nervous system, larvae L3     central nervous system, pupae P8     head, virgin 1-day female     head, virgin 4-day female     head, virgin 20-day female     head, mated 1-day female     head, mated 4-day female     head, mated 20-day female     head, mated 1-day male     head, mated 4-day male     head, mated 20-day male     salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering     salivary gland, white prepupae     digestive system, larvae L3 wandering     digestive system, 1-day adult     digestive system, 4-day adult     digestive system, 20-day adult     fat body, larvae L3 wandering     fat body, white prepupae     fat body, pupae P8     carcass, larvae L3 wandering     carcass, 1-day adult     carcass, 4-day adult     carcass, 20-day adult     ovary, virgin 4-day female     ovary, mated 4-day female     testis, mated 4-day male     accessory gland, mated 4-day male
modENCODE Development RNA-Seq
modENCODE Temporal Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_U)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max Summary of modENCODE Temporal Expression Profile: Temporal profile ranges from a peak of high expression to a trough of low expression. Peak expression observed within 00-06 and 18-24 hour embryonic stages. [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    2 embryo 02-04hr    53 embryo 04-06hr    17 embryo 06-08hr    15 embryo 08-10hr    17 embryo 10-12hr    16 embryo 12-14hr    12 embryo 14-16hr    9 embryo 16-18hr    21 embryo 18-20hr    62 embryo 20-22hr    43 embryo 22-24hr    50 larva L1    26 larva L2    18 larva L3 12hr old    20 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    19 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    31 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    24 white prepupae new    33 white prepupae 12hr    28 white prepupae 24hr    17 pupae 2d postWPP    10 pupae 3d postWPP    10 pupae 4d postWPP    18 adult male 01day    22 adult male 05day    39 adult male 30day    33 adult female 01day    19 adult female 05day    10 adult female 30day    11 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    2 embryo 02-04hr  (53) embryo 04-06hr    17 embryo 06-08hr    15 embryo 08-10hr    17 embryo 10-12hr    16 embryo 12-14hr    12 embryo 14-16hr    9 embryo 16-18hr    21 embryo 18-20hr  (62) embryo 20-22hr  (43) embryo 22-24hr  (50) larva L1  26 larva L2    18 larva L3 12hr old    20 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    19 larva L3 puffstage 3-6  (31) larva L3 puffstage 7-9    24 white prepupae new  (33) white prepupae 12hr  (28) white prepupae 24hr    17 pupae 2d postWPP    10 pupae 3d postWPP    10 pupae 4d postWPP    18 adult male 01day    22 adult male 05day  (39) adult male 30day  (33) adult female 01day    19 adult female 05day    10 adult female 30day    11 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    2 embryo 02-04hr    53 embryo 04-06hr    17 embryo 06-08hr    15 embryo 08-10hr    17 embryo 10-12hr    16 embryo 12-14hr    12 embryo 14-16hr    9 embryo 16-18hr    21 embryo 18-20hr    62 embryo 20-22hr    43 embryo 22-24hr    50 larva L1    26 larva L2    18 larva L3 12hr old    20 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    19 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    31 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    24 white prepupae new    33 white prepupae 12hr    28 white prepupae 24hr    17 pupae 2d postWPP    10 pupae 3d postWPP    10 pupae 4d postWPP    18 adult male 01day    22 adult male 05day    39 adult male 30day    33 adult female 01day    19 adult female 05day    10 adult female 30day    11 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    2 embryo 02-04hr    53 embryo 04-06hr    17 embryo 06-08hr    15 embryo 08-10hr    17 embryo 10-12hr    16 embryo 12-14hr    12 embryo 14-16hr    9 embryo 16-18hr    21 embryo 18-20hr    62 embryo 20-22hr    43 embryo 22-24hr    50 larva L1    26 larva L2    18 larva L3 12hr old    20 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    19 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    31 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    24 white prepupae new    33 white prepupae 12hr    28 white prepupae 24hr    17 pupae 2d postWPP    10 pupae 3d postWPP    10 pupae 4d postWPP    18 adult male 01day    22 adult male 05day    39 adult male 30day    33 adult female 01day    19 adult female 05day    10 adult female 30day    11 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    2 embryo 02-04hr    53 embryo 04-06hr    17 embryo 06-08hr    15 embryo 08-10hr    17 embryo 10-12hr    16 embryo 12-14hr    12 embryo 14-16hr    9 embryo 16-18hr    21 embryo 18-20hr    62 embryo 20-22hr    43 embryo 22-24hr    50 larva L1    26 larva L2    18 larva L3 12hr old    20 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    19 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    31 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    24 white prepupae new    33 white prepupae 12hr    28 white prepupae 24hr    17 pupae 2d postWPP    10 pupae 3d postWPP    10 pupae 4d postWPP    18 adult male 01day    22 adult male 05day    39 adult male 30day    33 adult female 01day    19 adult female 05day    10 adult female 30day    11 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High  log, scaled to Moderate expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    2 embryo 02-04hr  (53) embryo 04-06hr    17 embryo 06-08hr    15 embryo 08-10hr    17 embryo 10-12hr    16 embryo 12-14hr    12 embryo 14-16hr    9 embryo 16-18hr    21 embryo 18-20hr  (62) embryo 20-22hr  (43) embryo 22-24hr  (50) larva L1  26 larva L2    18 larva L3 12hr old    20 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    19 larva L3 puffstage 3-6  31 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    24 white prepupae new  (33) white prepupae 12hr  28 white prepupae 24hr    17 pupae 2d postWPP    10 pupae 3d postWPP    10 pupae 4d postWPP    18 adult male 01day    22 adult male 05day  (39) adult male 30day  (33) adult female 01day    19 adult female 05day    10 adult female 30day    11 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    2 embryo 02-04hr    53 embryo 04-06hr    17 embryo 06-08hr    15 embryo 08-10hr    17 embryo 10-12hr    16 embryo 12-14hr    12 embryo 14-16hr    9 embryo 16-18hr    21 embryo 18-20hr    62 embryo 20-22hr    43 embryo 22-24hr    50 larva L1    26 larva L2    18 larva L3 12hr old    20 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    19 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    31 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    24 white prepupae new    33 white prepupae 12hr    28 white prepupae 24hr    17 pupae 2d postWPP    10 pupae 3d postWPP    10 pupae 4d postWPP    18 adult male 01day    22 adult male 05day    39 adult male 30day    33 adult female 01day    19 adult female 05day    10 adult female 30day    11 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    2 embryo 02-04hr    53 embryo 04-06hr    17 embryo 06-08hr    15 embryo 08-10hr    17 embryo 10-12hr    16 embryo 12-14hr    12 embryo 14-16hr    9 embryo 16-18hr    21 embryo 18-20hr    62 embryo 20-22hr    43 embryo 22-24hr    50 larva L1    26 larva L2    18 larva L3 12hr old    20 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    19 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    31 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    24 white prepupae new    33 white prepupae 12hr    28 white prepupae 24hr    17 pupae 2d postWPP    10 pupae 3d postWPP    10 pupae 4d postWPP    18 adult male 01day    22 adult male 05day    39 adult male 30day    33 adult female 01day    19 adult female 05day    10 adult female 30day    11 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr     embryo 02-04hr     embryo 04-06hr     embryo 06-08hr     embryo 08-10hr     embryo 10-12hr     embryo 12-14hr     embryo 14-16hr     embryo 16-18hr     embryo 18-20hr     embryo 20-22hr     embryo 22-24hr     larva L1     larva L2     larva L3 12hr old     larva L3 puffstage 1-2     larva L3 puffstage 3-6     larva L3 puffstage 7-9     white prepupae new     white prepupae 12hr     white prepupae 24hr     pupae 2d postWPP     pupae 3d postWPP     pupae 4d postWPP     adult male 01day     adult male 05day     adult male 30day     adult female 01day     adult female 05day     adult female 30day     modENCODE Temporal Expression Data (Graveley et al., 2011)
modENCODE Cell Lines RNA-Seq
modENCODE Cell Line Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_cell.A) (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_cell.B)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    75 Schneider line 2 Sg4    132 embryonic 1182-4H    201 embryonic GM2    238 embryonic Kc167    253 embryonic S1    276 embryonic S3    77 leg disc CME L1    180 wing disc CME-W2    173 wing disc ML-DmD8    92 wing disc ML-DmD9    156 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    147 wing disc ML-DmD21    27 wing disc ML-DmD32    84 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    50 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    101 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    93 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    49 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    145 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    126 tumorous blood cells mbn2    192 ovary fGS/OSS    80 ovary OSC    30 ovary OSS    12 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+  (75) Schneider line 2 Sg4  (132) embryonic 1182-4H  (201) embryonic GM2  (238) embryonic Kc167  (253) embryonic S1  (276) embryonic S3  (77) leg disc CME L1  (180) wing disc CME-W2  (173) wing disc ML-DmD8  (92) wing disc ML-DmD9  (156) wing disc ML-DmD16-c3  (147) wing disc ML-DmD21  (27) wing disc ML-DmD32  (84) haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3  (50) eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11  (101) antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5  (93) mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1  (49) CNS ML-DmBG1-c1  (145) CNS ML-DmBG2-c2  (126) tumorous blood cells mbn2  (192) ovary fGS/OSS  (80) ovary OSC  (30) ovary OSS    12 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    75 Schneider line 2 Sg4  (132) embryonic 1182-4H  (201) embryonic GM2  (238) embryonic Kc167  (253) embryonic S1  (276) embryonic S3    77 leg disc CME L1  (180) wing disc CME-W2  (173) wing disc ML-DmD8    92 wing disc ML-DmD9  (156) wing disc ML-DmD16-c3  (147) wing disc ML-DmD21    27 wing disc ML-DmD32    84 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    50 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11  101 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    93 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    49 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1  (145) CNS ML-DmBG2-c2  (126) tumorous blood cells mbn2  (192) ovary fGS/OSS    80 ovary OSC    30 ovary OSS    12 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    75 Schneider line 2 Sg4    132 embryonic 1182-4H    201 embryonic GM2    238 embryonic Kc167    253 embryonic S1    276 embryonic S3    77 leg disc CME L1    180 wing disc CME-W2    173 wing disc ML-DmD8    92 wing disc ML-DmD9    156 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    147 wing disc ML-DmD21    27 wing disc ML-DmD32    84 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    50 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    101 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    93 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    49 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    145 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    126 tumorous blood cells mbn2    192 ovary fGS/OSS    80 ovary OSC    30 ovary OSS    12 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    75 Schneider line 2 Sg4    132 embryonic 1182-4H    201 embryonic GM2    238 embryonic Kc167    253 embryonic S1    276 embryonic S3    77 leg disc CME L1    180 wing disc CME-W2    173 wing disc ML-DmD8    92 wing disc ML-DmD9    156 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    147 wing disc ML-DmD21    27 wing disc ML-DmD32    84 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    50 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    101 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    93 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    49 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    145 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    126 tumorous blood cells mbn2    192 ovary fGS/OSS    80 ovary OSC    30 ovary OSS    12 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Moderate expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+  (75) Schneider line 2 Sg4  (132) embryonic 1182-4H  (201) embryonic GM2  (238) embryonic Kc167  (253) embryonic S1  (276) embryonic S3  (77) leg disc CME L1  (180) wing disc CME-W2  (173) wing disc ML-DmD8  (92) wing disc ML-DmD9  (156) wing disc ML-DmD16-c3  (147) wing disc ML-DmD21  27 wing disc ML-DmD32  (84) haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3  (50) eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11  (101) antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5  (93) mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1  (49) CNS ML-DmBG1-c1  (145) CNS ML-DmBG2-c2  (126) tumorous blood cells mbn2  (192) ovary fGS/OSS  (80) ovary OSC  30 ovary OSS    12 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    75 Schneider line 2 Sg4  132 embryonic 1182-4H  (201) embryonic GM2  (238) embryonic Kc167  (253) embryonic S1  (276) embryonic S3    77 leg disc CME L1  (180) wing disc CME-W2  (173) wing disc ML-DmD8    92 wing disc ML-DmD9  (156) wing disc ML-DmD16-c3  (147) wing disc ML-DmD21    27 wing disc ML-DmD32    84 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    50 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11  101 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    93 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    49 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1  (145) CNS ML-DmBG2-c2  126 tumorous blood cells mbn2  (192) ovary fGS/OSS    80 ovary OSC    30 ovary OSS    12 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    75 Schneider line 2 Sg4    132 embryonic 1182-4H    201 embryonic GM2    238 embryonic Kc167    253 embryonic S1    276 embryonic S3    77 leg disc CME L1    180 wing disc CME-W2    173 wing disc ML-DmD8    92 wing disc ML-DmD9    156 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    147 wing disc ML-DmD21    27 wing disc ML-DmD32    84 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    50 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    101 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    93 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    49 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    145 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    126 tumorous blood cells mbn2    192 ovary fGS/OSS    80 ovary OSC    30 ovary OSS    12 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+     Schneider line 2 Sg4     embryonic 1182-4H     embryonic GM2     embryonic Kc167     embryonic S1     embryonic S3     leg disc CME L1     wing disc CME-W2     wing disc ML-DmD8     wing disc ML-DmD9     wing disc ML-DmD16-c3     wing disc ML-DmD21     wing disc ML-DmD32     haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3     eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11     antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5     mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1     CNS ML-DmBG1-c1     CNS ML-DmBG2-c2     tumorous blood cells mbn2     ovary fGS/OSS     ovary OSC     ovary OSS
modENCODE Treatments RNA-Seq
modENCODE Treatment Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_treatments)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    18 cold shock, 4-day adult    14 heat shock, 4-day adult    29 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    31 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    42 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    35 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    46 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    29 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    38 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    16 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    44 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    31 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    36 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    27 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    36 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    34 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    12 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    27 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    58 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    32 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    29 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    18 cold shock, 4-day adult    14 heat shock, 4-day adult  (29) Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3  (31) Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3  (42) Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (35) Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (46) Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3  (29) Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (38) Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    16 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (44) Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3  (31) Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3  (36) Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3  (27) Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3  (36) Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (34) Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    12 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (27) Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (58) Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3  (32) Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3  (29) Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    18 cold shock, 4-day adult    14 heat shock, 4-day adult    29 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    31 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    42 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    35 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    46 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    29 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    38 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    16 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    44 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    31 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    36 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    27 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    36 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    34 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    12 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    27 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    58 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    32 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    29 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    18 cold shock, 4-day adult    14 heat shock, 4-day adult    29 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    31 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    42 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    35 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    46 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    29 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    38 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    16 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    44 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    31 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    36 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    27 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    36 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    34 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    12 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    27 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    58 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    32 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    29 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    18 cold shock, 4-day adult    14 heat shock, 4-day adult    29 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    31 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    42 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    35 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    46 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    29 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    38 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    16 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    44 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    31 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    36 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    27 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    36 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    34 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    12 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    27 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    58 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    32 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    29 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High  log, scaled to Moderate expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    18 cold shock, 4-day adult    14 heat shock, 4-day adult  29 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3  31 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3  (42) Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (35) Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (46) Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3  29 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (38) Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    16 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (44) Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3  31 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3  (36) Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3  27 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3  (36) Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (34) Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    12 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  27 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (58) Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3  32 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3  29 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    18 cold shock, 4-day adult    14 heat shock, 4-day adult    29 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    31 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    42 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    35 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    46 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    29 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    38 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    16 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    44 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    31 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    36 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    27 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    36 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    34 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    12 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    27 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    58 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    32 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    29 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    18 cold shock, 4-day adult    14 heat shock, 4-day adult    29 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    31 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    42 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    35 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    46 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    29 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    38 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    16 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    44 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    31 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    36 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    27 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    36 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    34 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    12 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    27 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    58 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    32 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    29 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult     cold shock, 4-day adult     heat shock, 4-day adult     Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3     Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3     Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3     Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3     Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3     Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3     Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3     Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3     Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3     Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3
Expression Clusters
	A cluster of genes with similar mRNA expression dynamics across development. (The modENCODE Consortium, 2010, Graveley et al., 2011) mE2_34_mRNA_expression_cluster_09 mE1_20_mRNA_expression_cluster_09
External Data & Images
Linkouts	BDGP expression data • RE40955 FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies • FBgn0001168 FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array • CG6494-RA
Alleles & Phenotypes
Summary of Allele Phenotypes
Lethality Allele lethal h12 h15 h17 h21 h22 h23 h24 h25 h26 h27 h28 h29 h30 h31 h32 h33 h34 h35 h36 h37 h38 h39 h40 h41 h47 h48 h49 h50 h51 lethal | embryonic stage h41 lethal | embryonic stage (with h26) h30 lethal | embryonic stage (with h30) h26 lethal | embryonic stage | pair rule expression pattern | recessive h08247 hL43a hunspecified lethal | embryonic stage | recessive hL43a lethal | female hhb.PP hPLDLS:AAAA.Hsp83 hWRPW.hb hΔint.hb hΔSPPSS.hb lethal | male h1-268.hb.T:Hsim\VP16 lethal | pair rule expression pattern h27 hi22 lethal | pair rule expression pattern | recessive h20 h27 h41 hi22 hSCG1 lethal | recessive h4 h13 h13a h15 h17 h19 h22 h24 h25 h26 h27 h28 h29 h30 h31 h32 h33 h34 h35 h36 h37 h38 h39 h40 h41 h42 h00045 h47 h48 h49 h50 h51 h00257 h01620 h02537 h06531 h06613 h08247 hC5 hi22 hrM384 hry9 hry61 hry149 hW4 hW15 hW24 partially lethal - majority die h11 viable h1-268.hb h1 h2 h10 h43 h44 h45 viable | male hPLDLS:AAAA.Hsp83 viable | reduced h16 Other Phenotypes Allele embryonic/larval segmentation phenotype h26 visible, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PF hScer\UAS.cIa visible, with Scer\GAL4MD-638 hScer\UAS.cIa visible (with h1) h26 visible (with h26) h1 visible | dominant hi22 visible | recessive h1 h1J3 h2 hunspecified visible | recessive | somatic clone h1 wild-type hhs.P1 Phenotype manifest in Allele abdomen hΔbasic.hs.T:Hsim\VP16 h1-268.hs h1-268.hs.T:Scer\GAL4 h1-333.hs h1-333.hs.T:Hsim\VP16 h1-333.hs.T:Scer\GAL4 hE40A.hs.T:Hsim\VP16 abdominal 1 ventral denticle belt h1-268.hs.T:Hsim\VP16 abdominal 2 ventral denticle belt h1-268.hs.T:Hsim\VP16 hunspecified abdominal 3 ventral denticle belt h1-268.hs.T:Hsim\VP16 abdominal 4 ventral denticle belt h1-268.hs.T:Hsim\VP16 hunspecified abdominal 5 ventral denticle belt h1-268.hs.T:Hsim\VP16 abdominal 6 ventral denticle belt h1-268.hs.T:Hsim\VP16 hunspecified abdominal 7 ventral denticle belt h1-268.hs.T:Hsim\VP16 abdominal 8 ventral denticle belt h1-268.hs.T:Hsim\VP16 hunspecified abdominal 9 ventral denticle belt h1-268.hs.T:Hsim\VP16 abdominal segment 1 h49 abdominal segment 2 h49 abdominal segment 4 h1-333.hs.T:Scer\GAL4 adult abdominal segment 4 h1 adult thorax & microchaeta | ectopic | somatic clone h1 chemosensory ventral triple row bristle h1 cuticle h42 h50 h51 cuticle | pair rule expression pattern h08247 h27 denticle hi22 denticle belt hΔbasic.T:Hsim\VP16 h1-268 h1-268.T:Hsim\VP16 h1-333 h20 h25 h26 h30 hE40A.T:Hsim\VP16 hi22 denticle belt | pair rule expression pattern h30 dorsal triple row h1 embryo | pair rule expression pattern h26 h27 hL43a hi22 embryonic/first instar larval cuticle hhs.P1 hhs.P2 hi22 embryonic/first instar larval cuticle & abdominal segment 1 hunspecified embryonic/first instar larval cuticle & abdominal segment 3 hunspecified embryonic/first instar larval cuticle & abdominal segment 5 hunspecified embryonic/first instar larval cuticle & abdominal segment 7 hunspecified embryonic/first instar larval cuticle & mesothoracic segment hΔD.eve.st2.h3' heve.st2.h3' hunspecified embryonic/first instar larval cuticle | pair rule expression pattern hhs.P1 hhs.P2 embryonic/first instar larval cuticle | pair rule expression pattern (with h26) h30 embryonic/first instar larval cuticle | pair rule expression pattern (with h30) h26 embryonic epidermis h20 embryonic epidermis | pair rule expression pattern h30 hSCG1 embryonic labial segment h25 extended germ band embryo h26 eye hhs.P2 eye, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PF hScer\UAS.cIa glial cell | ectopic h1 haltere & macrochaeta h1 h41 head hhb.PP head capsule & macrochaeta h1 h41 larval abdominal segment 1 | pair rule expression pattern h41 larval abdominal segment 2 h25 larval abdominal segment 2 | pair rule expression pattern h41 larval abdominal segment 3 hi22 larval abdominal segment 3 | pair rule expression pattern h41 larval abdominal segment 4 h1 h25 hi22 larval abdominal segment 4 | pair rule expression pattern h41 larval abdominal segment 5 hi22 larval abdominal segment 5 | pair rule expression pattern h41 larval abdominal segment 6 h25 hi22 larval abdominal segment 6 | pair rule expression pattern h41 larval abdominal segment 7 | pair rule expression pattern h41 larval abdominal segment 8 h25 larval abdominal segment 8 | pair rule expression pattern h41 larval head | pair rule expression pattern h41 larval mesothoracic segment | pair rule expression pattern h41 larval metathoracic segment | pair rule expression pattern h41 larval midgut & embryo & epidermis h25 macrochaeta h1J3 hBG02253 hL43a hL66DF macrochaeta | ectopic h1 h2 h41 macrochaeta | somatic clone h27 medial triple row h1 mesothoracic metatarsus hunspecified mesothoracic segment h49 mesothoracic tarsal bristle hunspecified mesothoracic tergum & macrochaeta | ectopic | conditional cs h1 metathoracic segment h49 metathoracic ventral denticle belt hunspecified microchaeta & mesothoracic tergum | supernumerary h1 microchaeta | ectopic & scutellum h1 mouthpart | female hhb.PP neuron h1 h22 neuron | ectopic h1 pigment cell, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PF hScer\UAS.cIa presumptive embryonic salivary gland h22 h25 h674 presumptive embryonic salivary gland (with h22) h674 presumptive embryonic salivary gland (with h25) h674 presumptive embryonic salivary gland (with h674) h22 h25 hi22 presumptive embryonic salivary gland (with hi22) h674 prothoracic segment h49 prothoracic ventral denticle belt hunspecified rhabdomere h41 rhabdomere | somatic clone hSCG1 scutellum & macrochaeta h1 h41 segment | pair rule expression pattern h08247 hi22 stomatogastric nervous system | embryonic stage h01620 tracheal system h674 wing h1 hi22 wing, with Scer\GAL4MD-638 hScer\UAS.cIa wing & macrochaeta & adult h2 h25 h41 wing & macrochaeta | somatic clone h27 wing & neuron & glial cell h1 wing | posterior compartment, with Scer\GAL4en-e16E hUY1240 hUY1342 hUY3167 hUY788 wing | somatic clone h27 wing cell (with h1) h26 wing cell (with h26) h1 wing hair h1 wing hair & wing vein L2 h1 wing margin bristle h1 wing sensillum | ectopic h1 wing sensillum | ectopic (with h1) h26 wing sensillum | ectopic (with h26) h1 wing vein h1 wing vein, with Scer\GAL4MD-638 hScer\UAS.cIa wing vein & wing sensillum | ectopic | somatic clone h1 wing vein | ectopic h1 wing vein L2 (with h1) h26 wing vein L2 (with h26) h1 wing vein L2 & macrochaeta & adult h1 h2
Classical Alleles ( 91 )
For All Classical Alleles Show
Allele of h Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion h1 loss of function allele, hypomorphic allele - genetic evidence spontaneous 207 Yes h2 spontaneous 5 -- h41 antimorphic allele - genetic evidence, amorphic allele - genetic evidence, loss of function allele PM hybrid dysgenesis ethyl methanesulfonate 4 Yes h22 amorphic allele - genetic evidence ethyl methanesulfonate 2 Yes h25 amorphic allele - genetic evidence ethyl methanesulfonate 2 Yes hi22 loss of function allele, amorphic allele - genetic evidence X ray ethyl methanesulfonate 2 Yes h1J3 loss of function allele P-element activity 2 -- h49 X ray 2 Yes h08247 P-element activity 1 -- h13a 1 Yes h5-HA-2905 1 -- hc01500 1 -- hL43a P-element activity 1 Yes h26 amorphic allele - genetic evidence ethyl methanesulfonate 0 Yes h42 amorphic allele - genetic evidence X ray 0 Yes h00045 P-element activity 0 -- h00257 P-element activity 0 -- h00682 P-element activity 0 -- h01620 P-element activity 0 -- h02537 P-element activity 0 -- h06531 P-element activity 0 -- h06613 P-element activity 0 -- h10 X ray 0 -- h11 X ray 0 -- h12 X ray 0 -- h13 X ray 0 -- h15 X ray 0 -- h16 X ray 0 -- h17 X ray 0 -- h19 X ray 0 -- h20 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- h21 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- h23 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- h24 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 Yes h2715.1 P-element activity 0 Yes h27 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 Yes h28 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- h29 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 Yes h30 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 Yes h31 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 Yes h32 PM hybrid dysgenesis 0 Yes h33 PM hybrid dysgenesis 0 Yes h34 PM hybrid dysgenesis 0 Yes h35 PM hybrid dysgenesis 0 Yes h36 PM hybrid dysgenesis 0 -- h37 PM hybrid dysgenesis 0 -- h38 PM hybrid dysgenesis 0 Yes h39 PM hybrid dysgenesis 0 -- h3 spontaneous 0 -- h40 PM hybrid dysgenesis 0 -- h43 X ray 0 -- h44 X ray 0 -- h45 X ray 0 -- h46 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- h47 X ray 0 -- h48 X ray 0 -- h4 spontaneous ethyl methanesulfonate 0 Yes h50 X ray 0 Yes h51 X ray 0 Yes h58.2C P-element activity 0 Yes h58.2c P-element activity 0 Yes h5 spontaneous 0 -- h674 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- h6 spontaneous 0 -- h7 spontaneous 0 -- h8 spontaneous 0 -- h9 spontaneous 0 -- hBG02253 P-element activity 0 Yes hC5 Delta2-3 0 -- hC93 P-element activity 0 Yes hd02089 0 -- hd03409 0 -- hEIII P-element activity 0 Yes hGS-A1546 Delta2-3 0 -- hH10 P-element activity 0 -- hILK ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- hL66DF P-element activity 0 Yes hrM384 P-element activity 0 -- hry149 P-element activity 0 -- hry61 P-element activity 0 -- hry9 P-element activity 0 -- hSCG1 antimorphic allele - genetic evidence gamma ray 0 -- htHa 0 Yes hunspecified 0 -- hUY1240 P-element activity 0 -- hUY1342 P-element activity 0 -- hUY3167 P-element activity 0 -- hUY788 P-element activity 0 -- hW15 loss of function allele ethyl methanesulfonate 0 Yes hW24 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- hW4 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 Yes
Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs ( 111 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Allele of h Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion hHMS01313 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 1 Yes hJF02822 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 1 Yes hScer\UAS.cIa in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 1 Yes hT:Avic\GFP-EGFP in vitro construct - coding region fusion 1 Yes h0.2 in vitro construct - deletion 0 Yes h1-268.Act5C.T:Scer\GAL4 in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - coding region fusion 0 Yes h1-268.hb.T:Hsim\VP16 in vitro construct - coding region fusion 0 Yes h1-268.hb in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes h1-268.hs.T:Hsim\VP16 in vitro construct - coding region fusion 0 Yes h1-268.hs.T:Scer\GAL4 in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - coding region fusion 0 Yes h1-268.hs in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes h1-268.T:Hsim\VP16 in vitro construct - coding region fusion in vitro construct - genomic fragment 0 Yes h1-268 in vitro construct - genomic fragment 0 Yes h1-333.hs.T:Hsim\VP16 in vitro construct - coding region fusion 0 Yes h1-333.hs.T:Scer\GAL4 in vitro construct - coding region fusion 0 Yes h1-333.hs in vitro construct - coding region fusion 0 Yes h1-333 in vitro construct - coding region fusion 0 Yes h1.8 in vitro construct - deletion 0 Yes h107-337.Act5C.T:Scer\GAL4 in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - coding region fusion 0 Yes h11.1 in vitro construct - deletion 0 Yes h14.0 in vitro construct - deletion 0 Yes h2-337.Act5C.T:Scer\GAL4 in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - coding region fusion 0 Yes h267-333.Act5C.T:Scer\GAL4 in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - coding region fusion 0 Yes h267-337.Act5C.T:Scer\GAL4 in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - coding region fusion 0 Yes h3.4 in vitro construct - deletion 0 Yes h314-337.Act5C.T:Scer\GAL4 in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - coding region fusion 0 Yes h320-337.Act5C.T:Scer\GAL4 in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - coding region fusion 0 Yes h4.9 in vitro construct - deletion 0 Yes h6.9 in vitro construct - deletion 0 Yes h8.2 in vitro construct - deletion 0 Yes h9.2 in vitro construct - deletion 0 Yes hAAAA:WRPW.Hsp83 in vitro construct - amino acid replacement 0 Yes hAct5C.PvD in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes hcBa in vitro construct 0 Yes hcosh in vitro construct - genomic fragment 0 Yes hd22 in vitro construct 0 Yes he33 in vitro construct 0 Yes hE40A.hs.T:Hsim\VP16 in vitro construct - amino acid replacement 0 Yes hE40A.T:Hsim\VP16 hypomorphic allele - genetic evidence in vitro construct - amino acid replacement in vitro construct - genomic fragment 0 Yes heve.st2.h3' Delta2-3 0 Yes heve.st2 in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes hg15 in vitro construct 0 Yes hGD1459 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes hhb.PP in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes hhr11+12 in vitro construct - site directed mutagenesis 0 Yes hhr11 in vitro construct - site directed mutagenesis 0 Yes hhr12 in vitro construct - site directed mutagenesis 0 Yes hhr13+14 in vitro construct - site directed mutagenesis 0 Yes hhr13 in vitro construct - site directed mutagenesis 0 Yes hhr14 in vitro construct - site directed mutagenesis 0 Yes hhr19 in vitro construct - site directed mutagenesis 0 Yes hhr21+22 in vitro construct - site directed mutagenesis 0 Yes hhr21 in vitro construct - site directed mutagenesis 0 Yes hhr22 in vitro construct - site directed mutagenesis 0 Yes hhr23 in vitro construct - site directed mutagenesis 0 Yes hhr24 in vitro construct - site directed mutagenesis 0 Yes hhr25 in vitro construct - site directed mutagenesis 0 Yes hhr6 in vitro construct - site directed mutagenesis 0 Yes hhs.P1 in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes hhs.P2 in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes hhs.PL in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes hhs.T:Ecol\dam,T:Hsap\MYC in vitro construct - coding region fusion in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes hHsp83.bcd.UTR in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes hKpnI in vitro construct - deletion 0 Yes hKpnINV in vitro construct 0 Yes hM39L.hb in vitro construct - amino acid replacement in vitro construct - site directed mutagenesis 0 Yes hM39R.hb in vitro construct - amino acid replacement in vitro construct - site directed mutagenesis 0 Yes hML.hb in vitro construct 0 -- hMluI in vitro construct - deletion 0 Yes hMluINV in vitro construct 0 Yes hMR.hb in vitro construct 0 -- hNIG.6494R in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes hNsiI3' in vitro construct - deletion 0 Yes hP37N.hb in vitro construct - amino acid replacement in vitro construct - site directed mutagenesis 0 Yes hP37T.hb in vitro construct - amino acid replacement in vitro construct - site directed mutagenesis 0 Yes hPLDLS:AAAA.Hsp83 in vitro construct - amino acid replacement 0 Yes hPLDLS:WRPW.Hsp83 in vitro construct - amino acid replacement 0 Yes hPLSLV:AAAA.Hsp83 in vitro construct - amino acid replacement 0 Yes hPNMR.hb in vitro construct - amino acid replacement in vitro construct - site directed mutagenesis 0 Yes hRIP.hb in vitro construct - amino acid replacement in vitro construct - site directed mutagenesis 0 Yes hSalI3' in vitro construct - deletion 0 Yes hSalI5' in vitro construct - deletion 0 Yes hScer\FRT.eve.st2 in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes hScer\FTRT.eve.st2.h3' in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes hScer\UAS.cUa in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes hScer\UAS.T:Ecol\dam in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - coding region fusion 0 Yes hSL1x3 in vitro construct - site directed mutagenesis 0 Yes htCH322-135D17 in vitro construct - genomic fragment 0 Yes htRa in vitro construct - deletion 0 Yes hWRPW.Act5C.T:Scer\GAL4 in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - coding region fusion 0 Yes hWRPW.hb in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes hWRPW.hs in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - amino acid replacement 0 Yes hΔ3' in vitro construct - deletion 0 Yes hΔA in vitro construct - deletion 0 Yes hΔB in vitro construct - deletion 0 Yes hΔbasic.hs.T:Hsim\VP16 in vitro construct - deletion 0 Yes hΔbasic.T:Hsim\VP16 antimorphic allele - genetic evidence in vitro construct - deletion in vitro construct - genomic fragment 0 Yes hΔC in vitro construct - deletion 0 Yes hΔD.eve.st2.h3' Delta2-3 0 Yes hΔD.Scer\FTRT.eve.st2.h3' in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes hΔD in vitro construct - deletion 0 Yes hΔE2 in vitro construct - deletion 0 Yes hΔE3 in vitro construct - deletion 0 Yes hΔE in vitro construct - deletion 0 Yes hΔF in vitro construct - deletion 0 Yes hΔG in vitro construct - deletion 0 Yes hΔH in vitro construct - deletion 0 Yes hΔint.hb in vitro construct - deletion 0 Yes hΔOrange.hb in vitro construct - deletion 0 Yes hΔSPPSS.hb in vitro construct - deletion 0 Yes hΔWRPW.hb in vitro construct - deletion 0 Yes
Aneuploid Aberrations
Not duplicated in	Ts(1Rt;3Lt)102
Disrupted in	Df(3L)B162 (Muller et al., 1999, Jurgens et al., 1984) Df(3L)BSC612 (Christensen et al., 2008.9.29) Df(3L)BSC816 (Christensen et al., 2009.6.15) Df(3L)h100.390 (Ward and Alexander, 1957) Df(3L)h-i22 (Spradling et al., 1999, Ingham et al., 1985, Howard and Ingham, 1986, BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999, Macias et al., 1994, Harbecke and Lengyel, 1995, Abu-Issa and Cavicchi, 1996, Long et al., 1996) In(3L)h10 (Ward and Alexander, 1957) In(3L)h11 (Ward and Alexander, 1957) In(3L)h42 (Hooper et al., 1989) In(3L)h50 (Hooper et al., 1989) T(2;3)h100.271 (Ward and Alexander, 1957) Tp(3;3)hM3 (Ingham et al., 1985, Hooper et al., 1989) Ts(2Lt;3Lt)C309 (Muller et al., 1999) Ts(Y;3Rt)H167 (Muller et al., 1999) Ts(YLt;3Rt)B223 (Muller et al., 1999)
Duplicated in	Dp(3;3)MS4 (del Prado and Garcia-Bellido, 1984) Dp(3;4)h+44 (Ingham et al., 1985)
Transgenic Constructs & Insertions
Transgenic Constructs
reporter construct	Name Expression Data P{5(1.0)lacZ} No P{5(1.7)lacZ} No P{5(1.9)lacZ} No P{5(2.7)lacZ} No P{5(279)lacZ} No P{5(302)lacZ} No P{5(302ΔKr)lacZ} No P{5(430)lacZ} No P{5(579)lacZ} No P{5(700)lacZ} No P{5(730)lacZ} No P{6(205)lacZ} No P{6(327)lacZ} No P{6(526)lacZ} No P{155-HfSt+4CAD/KNI-lacZ} No P{155-HfSt-lacZ} No P{204-SD-lacZ} No P{221-HSt-lacZ} No P{284-HT-lacZ} No P{324-DG-lacZ} No P{528-SG-lacZ} No P{ET1} No P{ET2} No P{ET5} No P{ET6} No P{ET7} No P{ET8} No P{ET10} No P{ET12} No P{ET13} No P{ET15} No P{ET16} No P{ET17} No P{ET21} No P{ET22} No P{ET29-} No P{ET30} No P{ET31} No P{ET38} No P{ET44} No P{ET51} No P{h7} No P{h7AB} No P{h7AF} No P{h7AΔA} No P{h7BR} No P{h7CR} No P{h7FA} No P{h7NF} No P{h7NH} No P{h7NN} No P{h7RC} No P{h7RN} No P{h.HHRE-lacZ} No P{h221-lacZ} No P{h-Ance-twi-lacZ} No P{hCRK-lacZ} No P{h-lacZ.BB} No P{h-lacZ.CC} No P{h-lacZ.D/V} No P{h-lacZ.D} No P{h-lacZ.HH} No P{h-lacZ.KB} No P{h-lacZ.PP} No P{h-lacZ.SR} No P{h-lacZ.V} No P{h-lacZ.XS} No P{h-M/A.lacZ} No P{h-M/R.lacZ} No P{h-R/A.lacZ} No P{hRK-lacZ} No P{hRR-lacZ} No P{hRS-lacZ} No P{hSK-lacZ} No P{h-T/C.lacZ} No P{h-T/M.lacZ} No P{h-T/R.lacZ} No P{lacZh.4cad} No P{lacZh.7FA.kni.6bcd} No P{lacZh.7NF.4cad} No P{lacZh.7NF.kni.6bcd} No P{lacZh.7NF.Kr.4bcd} No P{lacZh.ER} No P{lacZh.HK} No P{lacZh.KBb} No P{lacZh.KP} No P{lacZh.PR} No P{NEE-2xh50-lacZ} No P{NEE-2xh150-lacZ} No P{NEE-h-eve-lacZ} No P{NEE-h-su(Hw)-eve-lacZ} No P{βh0.1} No P{βh0.2} No P{βh0.3} No P{βh1.1} No P{βh1(2)5} No P{βh6.5kb} No P{βh7.1} No P{βh7.2} No P{βh7kb} No P{βh7kbINV} No P{βh14kb} No P{βh34} No P{βh(2)6} No P{βh(2)6INV} No P{βhK567} No P{βhR567} No
GAL4 construct	Name Expression Data P{h6-GAL4} No P{Hairy1-268-GAL4} No P{Hairy1-333-GAL4} No P{h-GAL4.U} No
heat-shock construct	Name Expression Data P{Hairy1-268} NA P{Hairy1-268-GAL4} NA P{Hairy1-268-VP16} NA P{Hairy1-333} NA P{Hairy1-333-GAL4} NA P{Hairy1-333-VP16} NA P{HairyE40AAct} NA P{HairyΔbasicAct} NA P{HSH1} NA P{HSH2} NA P{HSH3} NA P{HSH4} NA P{hs-h.L} NA P{hs-h.WRPW} NA P{HSH} NA P{Hsp83-h.AAAA/WRPW.bcd3'UTR} NA P{Hsp83-h.bcd3'UTR} NA P{Hsp83-h.PLDLS/AAAA.bcd3'UTR} NA P{Hsp83-h.PLDLS/WRPW.bcd3'UTR} NA P{Hsp83-h.PLSLV/AAAA.bcd3'UTR} NA
UAS construct	Name Expression Data P{GD1459} NA P{NIG.6494R} NA P{TRiP.HMS01313} NA P{TRiP.JF02822} NA P{UAS-h.I} NA P{UAS-h.T:Ecol\dam} NA P{UAS-h.U} NA
characterization construct	Name Expression Data P{cosh} NA P{espl/h(Or)} NA P{espl/h(OrW)} NA P{espl/h(W)} NA P{eve.S2(-FRT)h.ΔD} NA P{eve.S2(FRT)h.ΔD} NA P{eve.S2(-FRT)h} NA P{eve.S2(FRT)h} NA P{eve(FRT)h::sna.N} NA P{eve(-FRT)h::sna.N} NA P{eve(FRT)h.st2} NA P{eve(-FRT)h.st2} NA P{h/da(b)} NA P{h/da(bHLH)} NA P{h/da(HLH)} NA P{h/espl(b)} NA P{h/espl(bHLH)} NA P{h/espl(HLH)} NA P{h/espl(OrW)} NA P{h/scute(b)} NA P{h/scute(bHLH)} NA P{h=23kb} NA P{hb-en::h.J} NA P{hb-eve::h.J} NA P{hb-eve::h.K} NA P{hb-eve::h.Δ} NA P{hb-Gsc::h.GEH17} NA P{hb-Gsc::h.J} NA P{hb-Gsc::h.ΔGEH} NA P{hb-h::brk.RD} NA P{hb-h::brk.RDmutC/G} NA P{hb-h::brk.RDmutC} NA P{hb-h::brk.RDmutG} NA P{hb-h::hkb.FEAW} NA P{hb-h::hkb.G} NA P{hb-h::kni.J} NA P{hb-h::Kr.J} NA P{hb-h::sna.J} NA P{hb-h.1-268} NA P{hb-h.M39L} NA P{hb-h.M39R} NA P{hb-h.P37N} NA P{hb-h.P37T} NA P{hb-h.RIP} NA P{hb-h.WRPW} NA P{hb-h} NA P{hb-hAct} NA P{hb-hML} NA P{hb-hMR} NA P{hb-hPNMR} NA P{hb-hΔint} NA P{hb-hΔOrange} NA P{hb-hΔSPPSS} NA P{hb-hΔWRPW} NA P{hs-en::h.J} NA P{hs-eve::h.J} NA P{neo+,h0.2} NA P{neo+,h1.8} NA P{neo+,h3.4} NA P{neo+,h4.9} NA P{neo+,h6.9} NA P{neo+,h8.2} NA P{neo+,h9.2} NA P{neo+,h11.1} NA P{neo+,h14.0} NA P{neo+,hKpnI} NA P{neo+,hKpnINV} NA P{neo+,hMluI} NA P{neo+,hMluINV} NA P{twi(FRT)h::Kr.ΔPED} NA P{twi(-FRT)h::Kr.ΔPED} NA PBac{CH322-135D17} NA PBac{h-EGFP.S} NA
Insertions
	Type of insertions Name Expression data insertion of enhancer trap P{A92}hL43a No P{lacW}159 No P{lacW}W7W7 No P{lacZ}hC93 No P{lacZ-un1}h58.2C No P{lacZ-un1}hEIII No P{lArB}hL66DF No P{PZ}h00045 No P{PZ}h00257 No P{PZ}h00682 No P{PZ}h01620 No P{PZ}h02537 No P{PZ}h06531 No P{PZ}h06613 No P{PZ}h08247 No P{PZ}hrM384 No miscellaneous insertions gypsy{}h1 NA P{3'lacW.3HP}159.1 NA P{}h32 NA P{}h58.2c NA P{}h2715.1 NA P{enC}hC5 NA P{GT1}hBG02253 NA P{RS5}h5-HA-2905 NA P{ry11}hry9 NA P{ry11}hry61 NA P{ry11}hry149 NA P{UASp-YFP.RabX4.Q67L}h13a NA PBac{PB}hc01500 NA insertion of mobile activating element P{GSV1}C107C107 NA P{GSV1}GSd225GSd225 NA P{GSV1}hGS-A1546 NA P{Mae-UAS.6.11}B0625B0625 NA P{Mae-UAS.6.11}hUY788 NA P{Mae-UAS.6.11}hUY1240 NA P{Mae-UAS.6.11}hUY1342 NA P{Mae-UAS.6.11}hUY3167 NA P{XP}hd02089 NA P{XP}hd03409 NA insertion of enhancer trap binary system P{GAL4}hH10 No P{GawB}h-540.3 No P{GawB}h1J3 No
Gene Ontology: Function, Process & Cellular Component ( 24 unique terms )
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence ( 14 terms )
Molecular Function
CV term Evidence References
DNA binding inferred from direct assay (assigned by UniProtKB) (Fisher et al., 1996) E-box binding inferred from direct assay (van Doren et al., 1994) protein binding inferred from physical interaction with CtBP AND inferred from physical interaction with gro (Zhang and Levine, 1999) inferred from physical interaction with UniProtKB:P16371 (assigned by UniProtKB) (Fisher et al., 1996) RNA polymerase II core promoter proximal region sequence-specific DNA binding inferred from direct assay (van Doren et al., 1994) RNA polymerase II core promoter proximal region sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity involved in negative regulation of transcription inferred from direct assay (van Doren et al., 1994) transcription factor binding inferred from physical interaction with gro (Goldstein et al., 1999)
Biological Process
CV term Evidence References
cell morphogenesis inferred from mutant phenotype (Myat and Andrew, 2002) negative regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent inferred from direct assay (Tsai and Gergen, 1995) inferred from direct assay (assigned by UniProtKB) (Fisher et al., 1996) negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter inferred from direct assay (van Doren et al., 1994) inferred from direct assay (assigned by UniProtKB) (Fisher et al., 1996) inferred from mutant phenotype AND inferred from physical interaction with gro (Zhang and Levine, 1999) open tracheal system development inferred from mutant phenotype (Myat et al., 2005) regulation of cellular metabolic process inferred from mutant phenotype (Zhou et al., 2008) response to hypoxia inferred from mutant phenotype (Zhou et al., 2008) salivary gland morphogenesis inferred from genetic interaction with hkb (Myat and Andrew, 2002) inferred from mutant phenotype (Myat and Andrew, 2002) tube morphogenesis inferred from mutant phenotype (Myat and Andrew, 2002)
Cellular Component ( 0 terms)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions ( 13 terms )
Molecular Function
CV term Evidence References
protein dimerization activity inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR011598 (FlyBase Curators et al., 2004-)
Biological Process
CV term Evidence References
cellular membrane organization traceable author statement (Sudarsan, 2003) chaeta morphogenesis non-traceable author statement (Swiss-Prot Project Members, 1990.1.1) negative regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent traceable author statement (Courey and Jia, 2001, Calleja et al., 2002) negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter non-traceable author statement (Swiss-Prot Project Members, 1990.1.1) traceable author statement (Canon and Banerjee, 2000) nervous system development traceable author statement (Heng and Tang, 2003) periodic partitioning by pair rule gene non-traceable author statement (Swiss-Prot Project Members, 1990.1.1, Davis and Patel, 2003) traceable author statement (Davies and Patel, 1999, Peel, 2004) posterior head segmentation traceable author statement (Peel, 2004) R8 cell fate commitment non-traceable author statement (Frankfort and Mardon, 2002) salivary gland development traceable author statement (Nelson, 2003, Sudarsan, 2003) salivary gland morphogenesis traceable author statement (Abrams et al., 2003) trunk segmentation traceable author statement (Peel, 2004)
Cellular Component
CV term Evidence References
nucleus non-traceable author statement (Swiss-Prot Project Members, 1990.1.1)
Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene
	nuclear_gene   protein_coding_gene
Interactions & Pathways
Summary of Physical Interactions
protein-protein
Interacting group Assay References
h - CG14207 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) h - CG15735 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) h - CG17768 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) h - CG3817 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) h - CG6701 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) h - CG7194 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) h - CG7878 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) h - CG8043 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) h - CG9667 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) h - CG9775 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) h - Cdc5 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) h - CtBP pull down, autoradiography, two hybrid (Abed et al., 2011) h - Jupiter anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) h - Map205 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) h - Rack1 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) h - Rbp1-like anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) h - RpL7-like anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) h - RpS19a anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) h - Rrp46 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) h - SC35 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) h - SmD2 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) h - SmD3 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) h - SmG anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) h - Syp anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) h - U4-U6-60K anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) h - Zn72D anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) h - dgrn enzymatic study, autoradiography, pull down, two hybrid, anti tag western blot (Abed et al., 2011, Barry et al., 2011) h - gro two hybrid, pull down, autoradiography (Abed et al., 2011, Jimenez et al., 2000) h - lolal anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) h - mRpL3 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) h - mRpL43 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) h - mRpL45 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) h - mTerf3 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) h - p38b anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) h - shrb anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) h - tan anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) h - εCOP anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23)
Summary of Genetic Interactions
Interacts with	Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions h allele Gene References h1 ac (Sturtevant, 1970) amos (Villa-Cuesta et al., 2003) nkd (Zeng et al., 2000) h26 CtBP (Poortinga et al., 1998, Phippen et al., 2000) edl (Bianchi-Frias et al., 2004) egh (Bianchi-Frias et al., 2004) gro (Phippen et al., 2000) ImpL2 (Bianchi-Frias et al., 2004) pnt (Bianchi-Frias et al., 2004) prd (Bianchi-Frias et al., 2004) rgr (Bianchi-Frias et al., 2004) stg (Bianchi-Frias et al., 2004) Topors (Secombe and Parkhurst, 2004) h30 CtBP (Poortinga et al., 1998, Phippen et al., 2000) gro (Phippen et al., 2000) Topors (Secombe and Parkhurst, 2004) h41 ttk (Badenhorst et al., 2002) hhb.PP ac (Parkhurst et al., 1993) ftz (Dawson et al., 1995) l(1)sc (Parkhurst et al., 1993) sc (Parkhurst et al., 1993, Dawson et al., 1995) Sxl (Parkhurst et al., 1990) hhs.P1 ac (Rushlow et al., 1989) hi22 edl (Bianchi-Frias et al., 2004) egh (Bianchi-Frias et al., 2004) egl (Bullock et al., 2004) ImpL2 (Bianchi-Frias et al., 2004) N (Abu-Issa and Cavicchi, 1996) pnt (Bianchi-Frias et al., 2004) prd (Bianchi-Frias et al., 2004) rgr (Bianchi-Frias et al., 2004) stg (Bianchi-Frias et al., 2004) hSCG1 gl (Ma et al., 1996) hunspecified ato (White and Jarman, 2000) pyd (Held, 1990) vg (Abu-Issa and Cavicchi, 1996) hΔSPPSS.hb sc (Dawson et al., 1995) hΔWRPW.hb sc (Dawson et al., 1995) unspecified ct (Krupp et al., 2005) l(1)sc (Rottgen et al., 1998) pad (Gibert et al., 2005) rho (Sturtevant and Bier, 1995) RpII140 (Parkhurst and Ish-Horowicz, 1991)
External Data
Linkouts	BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions • 64402 DPiM - DPiM, Drosophila Protein interaction Map • FBgn0001168 DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions. • FBgn0001168 InterologFinder Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets. • 38995 SignaLink - A protein-protein and protein-miRNA interaction database with multi-layered structure and multiple confidence scores. • P14003
Orthologs
OrthoDB Orthologs (44) - based on analysis using Dmel annotation version 5.41
OrthoDB Ortholog Groups
	OrthoDB orthology group searches (Waterhouse et al., 2011, Nucleic Acids Res. 39(Database issue): D283--D288) Drosophila inclusive ortholog search EOG6S1TTS Dipteran inclusive ortholog search EOG6229V4 Insect inclusive ortholog search EOG64TN5F Arthropod inclusive ortholog search EOG6JSXP1 Metazoa inclusive ortholog search EOG6JQGS3
Orthologs in Drosophila Species (EOG6S1TTS)
Organism Common Name Gene AAA Syntenic Ortholog Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly  Dmel\h     Drosophila simulans   Dsim\h Y   Drosophila sechellia   Dsec\GM25080 Y   Drosophila erecta   Dere\GG14338 Y   Drosophila yakuba   Dyak\GE20765 Y   Drosophila ananassae   Dana\GF24345 Y   Drosophila pseudoobscura pseudoobscura   Dpse\GA19636 Y   Drosophila persimilis   Dper\GL10333 Y   Drosophila willistoni   Dwil\h Y   Drosophila virilis   Dvir\h Y   Drosophila mojavensis   Dmoj\GI12920 Y   Drosophila grimshawi   Dgri\GH12946
Orthologs in non-Drosophila Dipterans (EOG6229V4)
Organism Common Name Gene Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Aedes aegypti Yellow fever mosquito  Aaeg\AAEL011943   Aedes aegypti Yellow fever mosquito  Aaeg\AAEL005480   Anopheles gambiae Malaria mosquito  Agam\AGAP006699   Culex quinquefasciatus Southern house mosquito  Cqui\CPIJ004757
Orthologs in non-Dipteran Insects (EOG64TN5F)
Organism Common Name Gene Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Apis mellifera Western honey bee  Amel\GB47799   Nasonia vitripennis Parasitic wasp  Nvit\Nasvi2EG010770   Acromyrmex echinatior Panamanian leafcutter ant  Aech\AECH17330   Atta cephalotes Leafcutter ant  Acep\ACEP12993   Camponotus floridanus Florida carpenter ant  Cflo\CFLO19766   Harpegnathos saltator Jerdons jumping ant  Hsal\HSAL21477   Linepithema humile Argentine ant  Lhum\LH18324   Pogonomyrmex barbatus Red harvester ant  Pbar\PB15675   Solenopsis invicta Red fire ant  Sinv\SINV16155   Acyrthosiphon pisum Pea aphid  Apim\ACYPI065005   Acyrthosiphon pisum Pea aphid  Apim\ACYPI004499   Bombyx mori Silkmoth  Bmor\BGIBMGA005390   Pediculus humanus Human body louse  Phum\PHUM170110   Tribolium castaneum Red flour beetle  Tcas\TC012851
Orthologs in non-Insect Arthropods (EOG6JSXP1)
Organism Common Name Gene Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Ixodes scapularis Deer tick  Isca\ISCW016540
Orthologs in non-Arthropod Metazoa (EOG6JQGS3)
Organism Common Name Gene Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Caenorhabditis elegans Nematode  Cele\lin-22   Strongylocentrotus purpuratus Purple sea urchin  Spur\SPU_006814gn   Strongylocentrotus purpuratus Purple sea urchin  Spur\SPU_015712gn   Danio rerio Zebrafish  Drer\her6   Danio rerio Zebrafish  Drer\her8a   Danio rerio Zebrafish  Drer\her9   Xenopus tropicalis Western clawed frog  Xtro\hes1   Xenopus tropicalis Western clawed frog  Xtro\hes4   Gallus gallus Domestic chicken  Ggal\ENSGALG00000002055   Mus musculus House mouse  Mmus\Hes1   Rattus norvegicus Norway rat  Rnor\ENSRNOG00000001720   Homo sapiens Human  Hsap\HES1   Homo sapiens Human  Hsap\HES4
Human Orthologs (2)
Gene OMIM HGNC Hsap\HES1     Hsap\HES4
AAA Orthologs (10) based on analysis using Dmel annotation version 4.3
Organism Gene Drosophila simulans Dsim\h Drosophila sechellia Dsec\GM25080 Drosophila erecta Dere\GG14338 Drosophila yakuba Dyak\GE20765 Drosophila ananassae Dana\GF24345 Drosophila pseudoobscura pseudoobscura Dpse\GA19636 Drosophila persimilis Dper\GL10333 Drosophila willistoni Dwil\h Drosophila virilis Dvir\h Drosophila mojavensis Dmoj\GI12920
Stocks & Reagents
Stocks Listed in FlyBase ( 235 )
Bloomington	513 h1 444 aa1 h1 36529 w*; P{UAS-h.I}2 5529 h22/TM3, Sb1 1734 w*; P{GawB}h1J3 522 jv1 Hnr h1 593 se1 h2 rs2
Harvard	- PBac{PB}hc01500
Kyoto	105953 h1 108280 h22/TM3, Sb1 105961 jv1 Hnr h1 106301 In(3L)P, Me1 h1/DcxF
	More stocks available...
Genomic Clones ( 2 )
	BACR06F06 BACR26I03 Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete
cDNA Clones ( 48 )
	Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see GBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.
cDNA Clones, Fully Sequenced
BDGP DGC clones	RE40955
Other clones	DPiM_RE40955
cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
BDGP DGC clones	LP07023 RH22062 RH22071 RH22087 RH22907 RH23147 RH26483 RH26583 RH26709 RH28343 RH34524 RH40219 RH59996 RH60467 SD12162 SD18293
Other clones	60224 163156 193978 214249.76 214281.71 214341.73 214439.89 214441.76 214541.64 473512 CK01.123A.A12 CK01.144A.C4 Dmel_dig_000589_0661_3650 Dmel_dig_008715_0628_2043 EK065308 EK065736 EK075006 EK093636 EK094005 EK164203 EK165914 EK168221 EK176756 EK267332 EP03332 EP11534 EP14512 EP14562 EP19723 EP22310
RNAi & Array Information
Linkouts	DRSC - Results from RNAi screens. • FBgn0001168 GenomeRNAi - GenomeRNAi – A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents • 38995
Antibody Information
	polyclonal (Hooper et al., 1989)
Other Information
Discoverer
Etymology
Identification
Relationship to Other Genes
Source for database identity of
Source for database merge of
Additional comments
Other Comments
	DNA-protein interactions: genome-wide binding profile assayed for h protein in 0-12 hr embryos; see mE1_TFBS_h collection report. (Negre et al., 2011) Topors protein mediates h protein polyubiquitination and can lead to h protein degradation. (Secombe and Parkhurst, 2004) The h RNA localisation signal modulates the kinetics of cytoplasmic mRNA transport. (Bullock et al., 2003) The regulation of h expression along the dorsal/ventral (D/V) axis of the developing leg adjacent to the anterior/posterior (A/P) compartment boundary requires input from both D/V and A/P patterning mechanisms. (Hays et al., 1999) The h stripe7 (h7) enhancer mediates either Kr dependant activation or repression in different regions of the blastoderm embryo. (La Rosee-Borggreve et al., 1999) Candidate gene for quantitative trait (QTL) locus determining bristle number. (Nuzhdin et al., 1999) The h and bcd gene products bind to conserved sequence blocks in the run 7-stripe region. (Wolff et al., 1999) Zygotic activation of h stripe 6 expression is preceded by activation in response to maternal cad activity, activation does not depend exclusively on the zygotic activity of kni as thought previously. cad and kni activities cooperate in a non-synergistic manner to activate h stripe 6 transcription. Absence of kni does not cause lack of h stripe 6 activation but delays the appearance of the stripe. Activation of the stripe depends on a minimal number of activator binding sites that are scattered throughout the stripe 6 element. (Hader et al., 1998) Identification: Enhancer trap expression pattern survey for loci expressed in the ring gland. (Harvie et al., 1998) The h and dl gene products continue to function as repressors in the setting up of segmentation in the absence of CtBP. (Nibu et al., 1998) CtBP is a protein component of h-mediated repression, identified in a yeast interaction screen. CtBP interacts specifically and directly with a small, previously uncharacterised C-terminal region of h. (Poortinga et al., 1998) Fusion genes containing h binding sites suggest h is a silencer, which can repress upstream activators over a distance of at least 1kb. h mediates dominant repression and can silence multiple enhancers in a modular promoter. (Barolo and Levine, 1997) h stripe 7 activation requires several factors including the cad and bcd proteins. (La Rosee et al., 1997) The WRPW motif (the repressor domain) maps to the carboxy terminal of h-related proteins and is both necessary and sufficient to form protein-protein interactions with gro. gro is able to repress transcription when directly bound to DNA in the absence of binding to h-related proteins. (Fisher et al., 1996) h normally acts as a promoter-bound repressor of ftz, run and odd. (Jimenez et al., 1996) Mutations show strong interactions with high and low selection lines, abdominal and sternopleural bristle numbers are affected. Results suggest h is a candidate for bristle number quantitative trait loci (QTL) in natural populations or is in the same genetic pathway. (Long et al., 1996) The autosomal "FLP-DFS" technique (using the P{ovoD1-18} P{FRT(whs)} P{hsFLP} chromosomes) has been used to study the zygotic lethal mutation. (Perrimon et al., 1996) emc and h are expressed ahead of the morphogenetic furrow and are not required for photoreceptor cell determination. In emc- h- clones the morphogenetic furrow and differentiated eye field advance up to eight ommatidial rows ahead of adjacent wild type tissue. Results indicate that the morphogenetic furrow and neuronal differentiation are negatively regulated by a combination of anteriorly expressed HLH regulatory proteins, emc and h function together to regulate timing of furrow progression and photoreceptor development. (Brown et al., 1995) Transcriptional repression by the h/E(spl) family of bHLH proteins involves two separable mechanisms: repression of specific transcriptional activators, such as sc, through the bHLH and orange domains and repression of other activators via interaction of the C-terminal WRPW motif with corepressors, such as the gro protein. (Dawson et al., 1995) A 900bp ac promoter fragment can be activated by binding of activators to three E-boxes and repressed via binding of h. The repression domain of h has mapped to a region containing the carboxyl terminus of the protein, this region is both necessary and sufficient for the repression of the ac promoter. (Fisher et al., 1995) run and h act on ftz with opposing effect via a common 32 bp element, the fDE1. run acts via transcriptional activation and h acts via transcriptional repression. (Tsai and Gergen, 1995) Expression of stripes in the blastoderm embryo can be generated by a two-step mode which involves regulatory interactions among the primary pair-rule genes h and run. Expression of h stripes 3 and 4 is directed by a common cis-acting element that results in an initial broad band of gene expression covering three stripe equivalents. Subsequently this expression domain is split by repression in the forthcoming interstripe region, a process mediated by a separate cis-acting element that responds to run activity. (Hartmann et al., 1994) Regulatory sequences critical for the expression of h stripes 5 and 6 have been difined. The posterior stripe boundaries are established by gap protein repressors unique to each stripe. The anterior boundaries of both stripe 5 and 6 are set by Kr. Both stripe enhancers have binding sites for Kr protein. h stripe 6 is critically dependent upon kni for activation, whereas stripe 5 requires a combination of activating proteins, gap and non-gap. (Langeland et al., 1994) h binds to DNA, preferably at a noncanonical site, and has a novel DNA binding activity. Mutation of a single h binding site in ac blocks h mediated repression of ac transcription in culture cells and creates ectopic sensory hair organs in vivo. Results indicate that h represses sensory organ formation by directly repressing transcription of the ac gene. (Ohsako et al., 1994) Comparisons of early development to that in other insects have revealed conservation of some aspects of development, as well as differences that may explain variations in early patterning events. (Patel, 1994) h is a sequence specific DNA-binding protein and transcriptional repressor. In vivo ac is a direct downstream target of h regulation. Direct repression of ac by h plays an essential role in pattern formation in the CNS. (van Doren et al., 1994) Ectopic ttk expression causes complete or near complete repression of ftz and significant repression of eve, odd, h and runt. (Brown and Wu, 1993) Expression of prd depends on activation by gap gene hb, Kr, kni and gt products. Primary pair rule gene products act primarily in subsequent modulation rather than activation of prd stripes. Factors activating prd expression in the pair rule mode interact with those activating it along the dorso-ventral axis. (Gutjahr et al., 1993) The role of h in the regulation of run mRNA expression in the early embryo has been investigated. (Klingler and Gergen, 1993) A molecular comparison of h expression and regulation in D.virilis and D.melanogaster reveals a high degree of conservation. The results of this and mutant analysis suggests that Kr and gt products establish the anterior and posterior borders of h stripe 5, respectively, through spatial repression. (Langeland and Carroll, 1993) Promoter analysis of h define the requirements for expression of individual stripes during embryogenesis. The two anterior-most expression domains appear to be dispensable for head morphogenesis and embryonic viability. h can affect patterning outside its apparent stripe domains, supporting the idea that it can act as a local morphogen. (Lardelli and Ish-Horowicz, 1993) hh acts upstream of gl, sca, h and dpp in the developing eye. (Ma et al., 1993) Regulation of the h and ac expression patterns partitions the leg epidermis into striped zones that correspond to the pattern of longitudinal rows of leg bristles. (Orenic et al., 1993) Enhancer trap lines were used to follow the development of ectopic sensillar precursors in wings of h and Hairy-wing ac mutants: ectopic sensilla appear correlated with ectopic achaete and scute expression. Results suggest that both h and ac act to induce the formation of temporally and spatially distinct phase of sensillar development. (Blair et al., 1992) Of all the HLH superfamily members, the h protein has the highest degree of similarity to the E(spl)HLH proteins. (Delidakis and Artavanis-Tsakonas, 1992) On basis of ectopic eve expression experiments, it has been suggested that h is an indirect target of eve: h is down-regulated as an indirect response to ectopic eve expression. (Manoukian and Krause, 1992) Mutant analysis suggests that h is active in the wing in larval-adult metamorphosis with transcription pattern dependent upon position along the proximal-distal axis of polarity. (Thompson and Preston, 1992) The function of h in eye development has been studied. (Brown et al., 1991) Apical localization of pair-rule transcripts restricts lateral protein diffusion allowing pair-rule proteins to define sharp boundaries and precise spatial domains. (Davis and Ish-Horowicz, 1991) Mutations in zygotic pair rule gene h interact with RpII140wimp. (Parkhurst and Ish-Horowicz, 1991) h-Ecol\lacZ reporter gene constructs have been used to delineate sequences within the h upstream region that drive individual stripe expression of h. (Riddihough and Ish-Horowicz, 1991) Negative regulator that suppresses sensory neurogenesis by selectively repressing ac and sc gene expression in different spatial domains and at different developmental stages. Overexpression of h during pupal development has no effect on normal sense organ development. Where h expression is high ac expression is absent, h suppresses ac expression via a feedback mechanism on ac and sc activity and suppresses sensory organ formation. The interactions may involve specific dimerization reactions between different combinations of helix-loop-helix proteins. (Skeath and Carroll, 1991) DNA sequence analysis reveals four E box binding sites, for the binding of hetero-oligomeric complexes composed of da or AS-C proteins, in the first 877 bp of the ac upstream region. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays demonstrate that the emc protein can specifically antagonise DNA binding of the da/AS-C complexes in vitro in a dose-dependent manner, h and E(spl) proteins fail to exhibit this inhibitory effect. (van Doren et al., 1991) prd RNA expression has been studied in h- embryos. (Baumgartner and Noll, 1990) The product of the h gene probably interacts with a subset of the 'pair-rule' repressor elements located in the ftz promoter. (Dearolf et al., 1990) The regulation of striped h expression in the early embryo has been studied. (Howard and Struhl, 1990) Ecol\lacZ reporter gene constructs demonstrate that the separate cis-acting control units of the h upstream region are sufficient to drive expression of individual stripes. (Pankratz et al., 1990) Ectopic expression of h prevents initiation of Sxl expression by interfering with X chromosome counting. (Parkhurst et al., 1990) Injection of protein synthesis inhibitors into early embryos induces expression of h mRNA in virtually all regions of the embryo. (Edgar et al., 1989) h protein expression has been analysed in wild-type embryos, h mutant embryos and embryos mutant for other segmentation genes. (Hooper et al., 1989) The development of the eve and ftz stripes in h-, run-, eve- and en- embryos demonstrates that individual cells are allocated to parasegments with respect to the anterior margins of the eve and ftz stripes. (Lawrence and Johnston, 1989) The structure of h transcripts and h proteins has been defined. ac could be a direct target of h. (Rushlow et al., 1989) Genetic analysis demonstrates that h is dispensable for efficient homeotic gene expression in the visceral mesoderm. (Tremml and Bienz, 1989) h protein expression has been studied. (Carroll et al., 1988) Pattern defects caused by inappropriate h expression are due to misregulation of ftz and other segmentation genes, h behaves as a negative regulator of ftz. (Ish-Horowicz and Pinchin, 1987) h embryonic function is independent of the achaete-scute complex. (Ingham et al., 1985) h and emc code for repressors that interact with the ac and sc region of the achaete-scute complex, respectively. (del Prado and Garcia-Bellido, 1984) An increase of ac doses in h- homozygous flies produces an increase in microchaetae density on the notum and wing. Above a maximum dose more doses of ac cause a reduction in microchaetae density in the notum but increase on the wing. (del Prado and Garcia-Bellido, 1984) h mutants display pair rule segmentation defects. (Jurgens et al., 1984) h1 shown to recombine with and lie to the right of h2 (Sturtevant; Rasmussen).   The pair-rule gene hairy regulates the development of alternate segments in the embryo as well as the spatial expression of another pair-rule gene fushi tarazu (Holmgren, 1984; Carroll et al., 1988; Rushlow et al., 1989). A later phenotypic expression of hairy, the adult bristle pattern, is established during larval and pupal stages (Nusslein-Volhard and Wieschaus, 1980; Ingham, Howard and Ish-Horowicz, 1985; Ingham et al., 1985). In the embryo, h mutations delete the posterior part of each odd-numbered segment, weak alleles deleting less than a whole segment and strong alleles deleting regions greater than one segment. In mutant adults, extra microchaetae are found along wing veins, L2 more so than L4 or 5 and on wing membrane; also on dorsal and ventral scutellum and top of head. Extra sensilla present on longitudinal wing veins in a gradient in which sensilla are concentrated proximally and hairs distally; intermediate structures found in the middle (Spivey and Thompson, 1984). Extra acrostichal row on either side of midline between dorsocentral bristles (Claxton, 1971); also occupy thin arch of cuticle connecting ventral scutellum and pleurae. Microchaetae found on mesopleurae (mean of 13 in males and 20 in females versus none in wild type) and pteropleurae (Murphy, 1972). Used by Garcia-Bellido and Ferrus (1975) to provide cuticular markers on pleurae for fate mapping. Additional hair-forming cells present in 19-hr pupa (Lees and Waddington, 1942). Autonomous expression in clones produced prior to the last eight hr of larval life; clones produced during the last eight hr before pupation exhibit normal phenotype; attributable to perdurance of wild-type gene product (Garcia-Bellido and Merriam, 1971). Reduced ac+ function as in ac3 or ac3/+ suppresses h phenotype; extra doses of ac+ enhance h expression and can render h partially dominant (Sturtevant, 1969; Botas, del Prado and Garcia-Bellido, EMBO J. 1: 307-10). Three doses of h+ suppress Hw (Botas, et al.). h expression also enhanced by combination with rearrangements that place the ac-sc region in juxtaposition with substantial quantities of heterochromatin (Green, 1960). Interactions with sc alleles detailed by Sturtevant (1969). h2 less severe than and partially complements h1 (Sturtevant, 1969). As with ci+, expression of h+ may be altered in the direction of h by rearrangements with breakpoints in the vicinity of the h locus (Dubinin and Sidorov, 1934); see also Jeffery, 1979. Unlike the ci case, however, rearranged h chromosomes do not show evidence of altered gene action (Stern, 1944).
External Crossreferences & Linkouts
Sequence Crossreferences
	RefSeq (Transcripts) • NM_079253 NM_001014577 RefSeq (Proteins) • NP_523977 NP_001014577 DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank • AAF50378 AAF50378.1 AAL17767 AAL17768 AAL17769 AAL17770 AAL17771 AAL17772 AAL17773 AAL17774 AAL17775 AAL17776 AAM50287 AAX52752 AY055833 AY055834 AY055835 AY055836 AY055837 AY055838 AY055839 AY055840 AY055841 AY055842 AY119633 AY587211 AY587212 AY587213 AY587214 AY587215 AY587216 AY587217 AY587218 AY587219 AY587220 AY587221 AY587222 AY587223 AY587224 AY587225 AY587226 BI243347 CAA34018 CAA34019 G00473 S78746 X15904 X15905 Entrez Gene - A searchable database of RefSeq genes. • 38995 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot • P14003
Other Crossreferences
	InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites • Orange subgroup (IPR018352) Orange (IPR003650) Myc-type, basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) domain (IPR011598) BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis • RE40955
Linkouts
	BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions • 64402 DPiM - DPiM, Drosophila Protein interaction Map • FBgn0001168 DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions. • FBgn0001168 DRSC - Results from RNAi screens. • FBgn0001168 FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies • FBgn0001168 FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array • CG6494-RA FlyMine - Integrated genomics database for Drosophila, Anopheles, and C.elegans • FBgn0001168 GenomeRNAi - GenomeRNAi – A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents • 38995 Interactive Fly - A cyberspace guide to Drosophila development and metazoan evolution • /neural/hairy1.htm InterologFinder Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets. • 38995 modMine - Data generated by the modENCODE project. • FBgn0001168 REDfly - A database of transcriptional regulatory elements. • FBgn0001168 SignaLink - A protein-protein and protein-miRNA interaction database with multi-layered structure and multiple confidence scores. • P14003
Synonyms & Secondary IDs ( 15 )
Reported As
Symbol Synonym	8247 (Harvie et al., 1998) bHLHb39 (Skinner, 2009.8.12) bHLHc14 (Stevens et al., 2008) brr (Tearle and Nusslein-Volhard, 1987) CG6494 (Norga et al., 2003, Raisin et al., 2003, Zhang et al., 2002, Kreiman, 2004, Molnar et al., 2006, Grieder et al., 2007, Kazemian et al., 2011, Stevens et al., 2008, Stevens et al., 2008, Mohammad et al., 2009, Perkins et al., 2009, Ellis and Carney, 2011, Ni et al., 2010.12.1) dDr1 (Nibu and Levine, 2003) h (Jennings et al., 2008, Peel et al., 2005, Zhang et al., 2005, Shroff and Orenic, 2007, Held, 1990, Bullock et al., 2006, Bullock et al., 2006, Myat and Andrew, 2002, Kim et al., 2006, Claussen et al., 2006, Abed et al., 2011, Zeitlinger et al., 2007, Kreiman, 2004, Segal et al., 2008, Venken et al., 2009, Blanco et al., 2010, Kahali et al., 2008, Jennings et al., 2006, Zhang et al., 2007, Andrioli et al., 2008, Grieder et al., 2007, Christensen et al., 2008.9.29, Whitlock and Bourguet, 2000, Minidorff et al., 2007, Kaplan et al., 2011, Moran and Jimenez, 2006, Xing et al., 2007, Schroeder et al., 2011, Kazemian et al., 2011, Nègre et al., 2011, Biehs et al., 2010, Surkova et al., 2008, Juven-Gershon et al., 2008, Ochoa-Espinosa et al., 2009, Harbison et al., 2009, Leaman et al., 2005, Fletcher and Thompson, 2000, Christensen et al., 2009.6.15, Takahashi and Ting, 2004, Dienstbier et al., 2009, Pisarev et al., 2009, Usui et al., 2008, Zhai et al., 2009, Distefano et al., 2012, Surkova et al., 2008, Venken et al., 2009, Leung and Eisen, 2009, Zúñiga et al., 2009, Grad et al., 2004, Adryan et al., 2007, Braid et al., 2010, Yassin et al., 2010, Walrad et al., 2011, Duncan and Dearden, 2010, Ellis and Carney, 2011, Pilgram et al., 2011, Wasbrough et al., 2010, The modENCODE Consortium, 2010, The modENCODE Consortium, 2010, Ribeiro et al., 2010, Pruteanu-Malinici et al., 2011, Tchuraev and Galimzyanov, 2009, Reis et al., 2010, Zhan et al., 2010, Melicharek et al., 2008, Andrioli et al., 2012, Silicheva et al., 2010, Japanese National Institute of Genetics, 2012.5.21, He et al., 2012, Amrute-Nayak and Bullock, 2012, Kvon et al., 2012, Nikulova et al., 2012, Manning et al., 2012) H (Kim et al., 2010) Hairy (Nelson, 2003) hry (Li et al., 2011) HRY (MacArthur et al., 2009) l(3)08247 (Perrimon et al., 1996, ) l(3)rM384
Name Synonym	barrel (Tearle and Nusslein-Volhard, 1987) hairy (Ish-Horowicz, 1989.7.19, Zhang et al., 2005, Bulanin and Orenic, 2007, Joshi et al., 2006, Myat and Andrew, 2002, Tsuda et al., 2006, Abed et al., 2011, Kreiman, 2004, San-Juán and Baonza, 2011, Kahali et al., 2008, Jennings et al., 2006, Zhou et al., 2008, Shroff et al., 2007, Molnar et al., 2006, Lecuyer et al., 2007, Shav-Tal and Singer, 2005, Whitlock and Bourguet, 2000, Goldstein et al., 2005, Moran and Jimenez, 2006, Xing et al., 2007, Zhou et al., 2008, Kazemian et al., 2011, Gauhar et al., 2009, Ishihara and Shibata, 2008, Juven-Gershon et al., 2008, Ochoa-Espinosa et al., 2009, Harbison et al., 2009, Fletcher and Thompson, 2000, Takahashi and Ting, 2004, Pisarev et al., 2009, Jennings et al., 2008, Usui et al., 2008, Zhai et al., 2009, Bhattacharya and Baker, 2009, Rehmsmeier et al., 2004, Tsai and Gergen, 1995, Distefano et al., 2012, Surkova et al., 2008, Wilkie et al., 2001, Braid et al., 2010, Beckstead et al., 2005, Baig et al., 2010, Zamparo and Perkins, 2009, Gurunathan et al., 2004, Walrad et al., 2011, Li and Arnosti, 2011, Singh et al., 2011, Ribeiro et al., 2010, Gladstein et al., 2010, Popichenko et al., 2007, Vazquez-Pianzola et al., 2011, Yamasaki et al., 2011, Wu and Xie, 2008, Melicharek et al., 2008, Andrioli et al., 2012, Schroeder et al., 2011, Nikulova et al., 2012, Li et al., 2010) Hairy (Lee et al., 2007, Metzger et al., 2007, Thomas, 2005, Veitia, 2006, Barry et al., 2011, Longo and Kennedy, 2006, Kulkarni and Arnosti, 2005, Martinez and Arnosti, 2008, Kim et al., 2010, Bhattacharya and Baker, 2009, Mok et al., 2005, Noyes et al., 2008, MacArthur et al., 2009, Reddy et al., 2010, Astigarraga et al., 2007, Orian et al., 2007, Quijano et al., 2011, Bondos et al., 2006)
Secondary FlyBase IDs
	FBgn0011517 FBgn0019807 FBgn0019998
References ( 712 )
Generate a list of	All references relating to this gene ( 712 )
List References by type	Research paper  ( 437 ) Supplementary material  ( 14 ) Review  ( 140 ) Personal communication to FlyBase  ( 21 ) Abstract  ( 83 ) FlyBase analysis  ( 2 ) DNA/RNA sequence record  ( 1 ) Stock list  ( 2 ) Protein sequence record  ( 1 ) Website  ( 1 ) Book  ( 4 ) Curated genome annotation  ( 2 ) Letter  ( 1 ) Conference report  ( 2 )
Recent research papers ( 32 )
	Housden et al., 2013, PLoS Genet. 9(1): e1003162 Transcriptional Dynamics Elicited by a Short Pulse of Notch Activation Involves Feed-Forward Regulation by E(spl)/Hes Genes. [FBrf0220474] Shu and Li, 2013, Theor. Biol. Med. Model. 10(1): 11 A statistical thin-tail test of predicting regulatory regions in the Drosophila genome. [FBrf0221021] Staller et al., 2013, Genetics 193(1): 51--61 Depleting Gene Activities in Early Drosophila Embryos with the "Maternal-Gal4-shRNA" System. [FBrf0220341] Amrute-Nayak and Bullock, 2012, Nat. Cell Biol. 14(4): 416--423 Single-molecule assays reveal that RNA localization signals regulate dynein-dynactin copy numbe