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Gene Dmel\Hex-C

General Information
Symbol	Dmel\Hex-C	Species	D. melanogaster
Name	Hexokinase C	Annotation symbol	CG8094
Feature type	protein_coding_gene	FlyBase ID	FBgn0001187
Gene Model Status	Current	Stock availability	7 publicly available
Also Known As	HEX, HK
Genomic Location
Chromosome (arm)	2R	Recombination map
Cytogenetic map	51E7-51E7	Sequence location	2R:11,106,342..11,107,834 [-]
Genomic Maps Select View:Gene Models/EvidenceExpression/RegulationMegaViewGene Disruptions, Stocks and Reagents Beta	Decorated FastA GenBankGFF Gene region Extended Gene region CDSIntronsExonsTranslationsTranscripts3' UTR5' UTR
Summary Information
Automatically generated summary See sections below for more information	The gene Hexokinase C is referred to in FlyBase by the symbol Dmel\Hex-C (CG8094, FBgn0001187). It is a protein_coding_gene from Drosophila melanogaster. There is experimental evidence that it has the molecular function: hexokinase activity. There is experimental evidence that it is involved in the biological process: lateral inhibition. 10 alleles are reported. The phenotypes of these alleles are annotated with: chaeta; tormogen cell. It has one annotated transcript and one annotated polypeptide. Protein features are: Hexokinase; Hexokinase, C-terminal; Hexokinase, N-terminal. Summary of modENCODE Temporal Expression Profile: Temporal profile ranges from a peak of very high expression to a trough of extremely low expression. Peak expression observed in adult male stages. Summary of FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data: Expression at high levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult head, adult Malpighian tubules, adult heart, adult fat body, adult spermathecae, adult carcass. Expression at moderate levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult eye, adult hindgut. Comments on Affy2 ProbeSet: ProbeSet 1630147_at completely aligns to an exonic region of the only FlyBase-annotated transcript isoform of Hex-C. Gene sequence location is 2R:11106342..11107834.
User Contributed Data
	Beta version, feedback welcome
Phenotypic Description from the Red Book (Lindsley & Zimm 1992)
Gene/Allele symbols may differ from current usage	Hex-C The structural gene for hexokinase-C [HEX-C (EC 2.7.1.1)]. The enzyme is a monomer of estimated molecular weight 42,000 _ 3,000 (Moser et al.) or 35,000 (Leigh Brown in Racine, Langley, and Voelker, 1980, Environ. Mutagen. 2: 167-77). Activity present in all developmental stages except freshly laid eggs; restricted to fat body in larvae, but present in many organs in adult. Weakly active or inactive in cell line (Deber, 1974, Wilhelm Roux's Arch. Entwicklungsmech. Org. 174: 1-9). HEX-C activity not necessary for survival; null mutants viable (Burkhart, Montgomery, Langley and Voelker, 1984, Genetics 107: 295-306). Purification and biochemical characterization of enzyme described by Moser et al..
Recent Updates
Description	What does this section display? This section contains items that were added to this record for each release. It currently only tracks new links between this FlyBase report and other FlyBase data classes (e.g. genes, references, stocks) or controlled vocabulary terms (e.g. GO, anatomy terms). What does this section not display? This section does not currently display links that were removed or gene model changes.
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FB2013_03	Transgenic Constructs P{UAS-Hex-C.K} Alleles Hex-C[Scer\UAS.cKa]
FB2013_02	Controlled Vocabulary Terms cellular glucose homeostasis mannokinase activity cytosol glucokinase activity fructokinase activity glycolysis
All updates	Click here to see a list of all updates to this record from FB2010_08 and on.
Detailed Mapping Data
FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Evidence for location 51E7-51E7   Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{PZ}chn02064 and P{PZ}scb01288
Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Notes References 51B-52E     (Lee, 2000.2.18) 51B-52E     (Burkhart et al., 1984)
Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
Location	2-74.5 +/- 0.003 (Mukai and Voelker, 1977) 2-75.0 (Clark et al., 1995) 2-75.4 (Harada et al., 1993) 1- (Choudhary et al., 1992)
Left of (cM)
Right of (cM)	L (Mukai and Voelker, 1977)
Notes
Gene Model & Products
Please see the GBrowse view of Dmel\Hex-C for information on other features To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form
Comments on Gene Model
	Gene model reviewed during 5.50
Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name FlyBase ID RefSeq ID Length (nt) Associated CDS (aa) Hex-C-RA FBtr0087399  NM_079935   1493   454
Additional Transcript Data & Comments
Reported size (kB)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name FlyBase ID Predicted MW (kDa) Length (aa) Theoretical pI RefSeq ID GenBank protein Hex-C-PA   FBpp0086530   50.7   454   6.51     NP_524674   AAF58160
Additional Polypeptide Data & Comments
Reported size (kDa)
Comments
External Data
Linkouts
Crossreferences	InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites • Hexokinase (IPR001312) Hexokinase, N-terminal (IPR022672) Hexokinase, C-terminal (IPR022673)
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank	DNA sequence Protein sequence Name AA567485   AA697895   AA697906   AA736221   AE013599 AAF58160   AF237469 AAG10690   AF250759 AAG48571   AF257540 AAG23064   AF257541 AAG23065   AF257542 AAG23066   AF257543 AAG23067   AF257544 AAG23068   AF257545 AAG23069   AF257546 AAG23070   AF257547 AAG23071   AF257548 AAG23072   AF257549 AAG23073   AF257550 AAG23074   AF257551 AAG23075   AF257552 AAG23076   AF257553 AAG23077   AF257554 AAG23078   AF257555 AAG23079   AF257556 AAG23080   AF257557 AAG23081   AF257558 AAG23082   AF257559 AAG23083   AF257560 AAG23084   AF257561 AAG23085   AF257562 AAG23086   AF257563 AAG23087   AF257564 AAG23088   AF257565 AAG23089   AF257566 AAG23090   AF257567 AAG23091   AF257568 AAG23092   AF257569 AAG23093   AF257570 AAG23094   AF257571 AAG23095   AF257572 AAG23096   AF257573 AAG23097   AF257574 AAG23098   AF257575 AAG23099   AF257576 AAG23100   AF257577 AAG23101   AF257578 AAG23102   AF257579 AAG23103   AF257580 AAG23104   AF257581 AAG23105   AF257582 AAG23106   AF257583 AAG23107   AF257584 AAG23108   AF257585 AAG23109   AF257586 AAG23110   AF257587 AAG23111   AF257588 AAG23112   AF257589 AAG23113   AI061880   AI109153   AI113586   AJ309864 CAC34564   AY070657 AAL48128   AY071719 AAL49341   BG633291   BI564332   BI566194   BI567067   BI567560   BI571095   BI572106   BI572146   BI572975   BI575261   BI576147   BI576978   BI585016   BI585553   BI585634   BI586866   BI588250   BI588894   BI590317   BI590415   BI590654   BI590700   BI591613   BI591945   BI592891   BI604340   BI606211   BI606801   BI608085   BI608095   BI608522   BI612380   BI613509   BI614213   BI615468   BI618949   BI621480   BI624170   BI626877   BI627942   BI629708   EC194439   EC235548   EV581835   EV593727   EV599038
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
UniProtKB/TrEMBL	Q7JYW9 Q9GNE4 Q9GNF4 Q9GNE3 Q9GTU5 Q9GQI2
Mapped Features
Mapped Features have been reorganized, please see this article for details. Additional mapped features and mutations can be found on GBrowse or related reports. Type Symbol & Location Additional Notes References
External Data
Linkouts
Crossreferences
Expression Data
Transcript Expression
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Polypeptide Expression
mass spectroscopy Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference day 5 of adulthood & male -- day 7 of adulthood & male   spermatozoon   (Wasbrough et al., 2010)
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
Subcellular Localization (GO Cellular Component)
CV term Evidence References
Expression Deduced from Reporters
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools
Reference	See Gelbart and Emmert, 2010.10.13 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
FlyAtlas Anatomy Microarray
FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data (FlyAtlas-RNA.adult) (FlyAtlas-RNA.larva)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap Back-to-back    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High level expression bin max Very high expression bin max Summary of FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data: Expression at high levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult head, adult Malpighian tubules, adult heart, adult fat body, adult spermathecae, adult carcass. Expression at moderate levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult eye, adult hindgut. [download data (TSV)] Guide to FlyAtlas expression level colors   No expression (0 - 9.999)   Low expression (10 - 99.999)   Moderate expression (100 - 499.999)   High level expression (500 - 999.999)   Very high expression (>999.999) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    1.875 Larval Midgut    2.3 Larval Hindgut    5.7 Larval Malpighian Tubules    15 Larval Fat Body    11 Larval Salivary Gland    6.8 Larval Trachea    3.325 Larval Carcass    1.75 Adult Head    566.5 Adult Eye    160.05 Adult Brain    18.1 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    97.1 Adult Crop    15.4 Adult Midgut    95.4 Adult Hindgut    219.9 Adult Malpighian Tubules    5517.7 Adult Fat Body    2334.2 Adult Salivary Gland    11.7 Adult Heart    1362.175 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    3369.9 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    2185.1 Adult Ovary    2.6 Adult Testis    11.7 Adult Male Accessory Gland    1.7 Adult Carcass    1491.5 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    1.875 Larval Midgut    2.3 Larval Hindgut    5.7 Larval Malpighian Tubules    15 Larval Fat Body    11 Larval Salivary Gland    6.8 Larval Trachea    3.325 Larval Carcass    1.75 Adult Head  (566.5) Adult Eye    160.05 Adult Brain    18.1 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    97.1 Adult Crop    15.4 Adult Midgut    95.4 Adult Hindgut    219.9 Adult Malpighian Tubules  (5517.7) Adult Fat Body  (2334.2) Adult Salivary Gland    11.7 Adult Heart  (1362.175) Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca  (3369.9) Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca  (2185.1) Adult Ovary    2.6 Adult Testis    11.7 Adult Male Accessory Gland    1.7 Adult Carcass  (1491.5) Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High  Linear, scaled to High level expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    1.875 Larval Midgut    2.3 Larval Hindgut    5.7 Larval Malpighian Tubules    15 Larval Fat Body    11 Larval Salivary Gland    6.8 Larval Trachea    3.325 Larval Carcass    1.75 Adult Head    566.5 Adult Eye    160.05 Adult Brain    18.1 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    97.1 Adult Crop    15.4 Adult Midgut    95.4 Adult Hindgut    219.9 Adult Malpighian Tubules  (5517.7) Adult Fat Body  (2334.2) Adult Salivary Gland    11.7 Adult Heart  (1362.175) Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca  (3369.9) Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca  (2185.1) Adult Ovary    2.6 Adult Testis    11.7 Adult Male Accessory Gland    1.7 Adult Carcass  (1491.5) Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Very high expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    1.875 Larval Midgut    2.3 Larval Hindgut    5.7 Larval Malpighian Tubules    15 Larval Fat Body    11 Larval Salivary Gland    6.8 Larval Trachea    3.325 Larval Carcass    1.75 Adult Head    566.5 Adult Eye    160.05 Adult Brain    18.1 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    97.1 Adult Crop    15.4 Adult Midgut    95.4 Adult Hindgut    219.9 Adult Malpighian Tubules    5517.7 Adult Fat Body    2334.2 Adult Salivary Gland    11.7 Adult Heart    1362.175 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    3369.9 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    2185.1 Adult Ovary    2.6 Adult Testis    11.7 Adult Male Accessory Gland    1.7 Adult Carcass    1491.5 Expression Level Scale  Very high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    1.875 Larval Midgut    2.3 Larval Hindgut    5.7 Larval Malpighian Tubules    15 Larval Fat Body    11 Larval Salivary Gland    6.8 Larval Trachea    3.325 Larval Carcass    1.75 Adult Head    566.5 Adult Eye    160.05 Adult Brain    18.1 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    97.1 Adult Crop    15.4 Adult Midgut    95.4 Adult Hindgut    219.9 Adult Malpighian Tubules    5517.7 Adult Fat Body    2334.2 Adult Salivary Gland    11.7 Adult Heart    1362.175 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    3369.9 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    2185.1 Adult Ovary    2.6 Adult Testis    11.7 Adult Male Accessory Gland    1.7 Adult Carcass    1491.5 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  log, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    1.875 Larval Midgut    2.3 Larval Hindgut    5.7 Larval Malpighian Tubules    15 Larval Fat Body    11 Larval Salivary Gland    6.8 Larval Trachea    3.325 Larval Carcass    1.75 Adult Head  566.5 Adult Eye    160.05 Adult Brain    18.1 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    97.1 Adult Crop    15.4 Adult Midgut    95.4 Adult Hindgut    219.9 Adult Malpighian Tubules  (5517.7) Adult Fat Body  (2334.2) Adult Salivary Gland    11.7 Adult Heart  (1362.175) Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca  (3369.9) Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca  (2185.1) Adult Ovary    2.6 Adult Testis    11.7 Adult Male Accessory Gland    1.7 Adult Carcass  (1491.5) Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High  log, scaled to High level expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    1.875 Larval Midgut    2.3 Larval Hindgut    5.7 Larval Malpighian Tubules    15 Larval Fat Body    11 Larval Salivary Gland    6.8 Larval Trachea    3.325 Larval Carcass    1.75 Adult Head    566.5 Adult Eye    160.05 Adult Brain    18.1 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    97.1 Adult Crop    15.4 Adult Midgut    95.4 Adult Hindgut    219.9 Adult Malpighian Tubules  (5517.7) Adult Fat Body  (2334.2) Adult Salivary Gland    11.7 Adult Heart  1362.175 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca  (3369.9) Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca  (2185.1) Adult Ovary    2.6 Adult Testis    11.7 Adult Male Accessory Gland    1.7 Adult Carcass  1491.5 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  log, scaled to Very high expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    1.875 Larval Midgut    2.3 Larval Hindgut    5.7 Larval Malpighian Tubules    15 Larval Fat Body    11 Larval Salivary Gland    6.8 Larval Trachea    3.325 Larval Carcass    1.75 Adult Head    566.5 Adult Eye    160.05 Adult Brain    18.1 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    97.1 Adult Crop    15.4 Adult Midgut    95.4 Adult Hindgut    219.9 Adult Malpighian Tubules    5517.7 Adult Fat Body    2334.2 Adult Salivary Gland    11.7 Adult Heart    1362.175 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    3369.9 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    2185.1 Adult Ovary    2.6 Adult Testis    11.7 Adult Male Accessory Gland    1.7 Adult Carcass    1491.5 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  Heatmap Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System     Larval Midgut     Larval Hindgut     Larval Malpighian Tubules     Larval Fat Body     Larval Salivary Gland     Larval Trachea     Larval Carcass     Adult Head     Adult Eye     Adult Brain     Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion     Adult Crop     Adult Midgut     Adult Hindgut     Adult Malpighian Tubules     Adult Fat Body     Adult Salivary Gland     Adult Heart     Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca     Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca     Adult Ovary     Adult Testis     Adult Male Accessory Gland     Adult Carcass     FlyAtlas Organ/Tissue Expression, larval vs. adult Larval Expression Level Tissue Adult Expression Level   NA  Head    566.5   NA  Eye    160.05   NA  Brain    no informative data   1.875  Central Nervous System    NA   NA  Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    97.1   NA  Crop    no informative data   2.3  Midgut    95.4   5.7  Hindgut    219.9   no informative data  Malpighian Tubules    5517.7   no informative data  Fat Body    2334.2   6.8  Salivary Gland    no informative data   NA  Heart    1362.175   3.325  Trachea    NA   NA  VirginFemale Spermatheca    3369.9   NA  InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    2185.1   NA  Ovary    2.6   NA  Testis    no informative data   NA  Male Accessory Gland    1.7   1.75  Carcass    1491.5 FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data (Chintapalli et al., 2007)
modENCODE Anatomy RNA-Seq
modENCODE Tissue Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_tissues)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    0 central nervous system, larvae L3    0 central nervous system, pupae P8    0 head, virgin 1-day female    64 head, virgin 4-day female    46 head, virgin 20-day female    62 head, mated 1-day female    33 head, mated 4-day female    71 head, mated 20-day female    36 head, mated 1-day male    31 head, mated 4-day male    51 head, mated 20-day male    51 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    0 salivary gland, white prepupae    0 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    0 digestive system, 1-day adult    63 digestive system, 4-day adult    52 digestive system, 20-day adult    35 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    1 fat body, white prepupae    3 fat body, pupae P8    3 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    1 carcass, 1-day adult    52 carcass, 4-day adult    62 carcass, 20-day adult    81 ovary, virgin 4-day female    1 ovary, mated 4-day female    0 testis, mated 4-day male    14 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    7 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    0 central nervous system, larvae L3    0 central nervous system, pupae P8    0 head, virgin 1-day female  (64) head, virgin 4-day female  (46) head, virgin 20-day female  (62) head, mated 1-day female  (33) head, mated 4-day female  (71) head, mated 20-day female  (36) head, mated 1-day male  (31) head, mated 4-day male  (51) head, mated 20-day male  (51) salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    0 salivary gland, white prepupae    0 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    0 digestive system, 1-day adult  (63) digestive system, 4-day adult  (52) digestive system, 20-day adult  (35) fat body, larvae L3 wandering    1 fat body, white prepupae    3 fat body, pupae P8    3 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    1 carcass, 1-day adult  (52) carcass, 4-day adult  (62) carcass, 20-day adult  (81) ovary, virgin 4-day female    1 ovary, mated 4-day female    0 testis, mated 4-day male    14 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    7 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    0 central nervous system, larvae L3    0 central nervous system, pupae P8    0 head, virgin 1-day female    64 head, virgin 4-day female    46 head, virgin 20-day female    62 head, mated 1-day female    33 head, mated 4-day female    71 head, mated 20-day female    36 head, mated 1-day male    31 head, mated 4-day male    51 head, mated 20-day male    51 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    0 salivary gland, white prepupae    0 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    0 digestive system, 1-day adult    63 digestive system, 4-day adult    52 digestive system, 20-day adult    35 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    1 fat body, white prepupae    3 fat body, pupae P8    3 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    1 carcass, 1-day adult    52 carcass, 4-day adult    62 carcass, 20-day adult    81 ovary, virgin 4-day female    1 ovary, mated 4-day female    0 testis, mated 4-day male    14 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    7 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    0 central nervous system, larvae L3    0 central nervous system, pupae P8    0 head, virgin 1-day female    64 head, virgin 4-day female    46 head, virgin 20-day female    62 head, mated 1-day female    33 head, mated 4-day female    71 head, mated 20-day female    36 head, mated 1-day male    31 head, mated 4-day male    51 head, mated 20-day male    51 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    0 salivary gland, white prepupae    0 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    0 digestive system, 1-day adult    63 digestive system, 4-day adult    52 digestive system, 20-day adult    35 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    1 fat body, white prepupae    3 fat body, pupae P8    3 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    1 carcass, 1-day adult    52 carcass, 4-day adult    62 carcass, 20-day adult    81 ovary, virgin 4-day female    1 ovary, mated 4-day female    0 testis, mated 4-day male    14 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    7 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    0 central nervous system, larvae L3    0 central nervous system, pupae P8    0 head, virgin 1-day female    64 head, virgin 4-day female    46 head, virgin 20-day female    62 head, mated 1-day female    33 head, mated 4-day female    71 head, mated 20-day female    36 head, mated 1-day male    31 head, mated 4-day male    51 head, mated 20-day male    51 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    0 salivary gland, white prepupae    0 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    0 digestive system, 1-day adult    63 digestive system, 4-day adult    52 digestive system, 20-day adult    35 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    1 fat body, white prepupae    3 fat body, pupae P8    3 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    1 carcass, 1-day adult    52 carcass, 4-day adult    62 carcass, 20-day adult    81 ovary, virgin 4-day female    1 ovary, mated 4-day female    0 testis, mated 4-day male    14 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    7 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    0 central nervous system, larvae L3    0 central nervous system, pupae P8    0 head, virgin 1-day female  (64) head, virgin 4-day female  (46) head, virgin 20-day female  (62) head, mated 1-day female  (33) head, mated 4-day female  (71) head, mated 20-day female  (36) head, mated 1-day male  31 head, mated 4-day male  (51) head, mated 20-day male  (51) salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    0 salivary gland, white prepupae    0 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    0 digestive system, 1-day adult  (63) digestive system, 4-day adult  (52) digestive system, 20-day adult  (35) fat body, larvae L3 wandering    1 fat body, white prepupae    3 fat body, pupae P8    3 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    1 carcass, 1-day adult  (52) carcass, 4-day adult  (62) carcass, 20-day adult  (81) ovary, virgin 4-day female    1 ovary, mated 4-day female    0 testis, mated 4-day male    14 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    7 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    0 central nervous system, larvae L3    0 central nervous system, pupae P8    0 head, virgin 1-day female    64 head, virgin 4-day female    46 head, virgin 20-day female    62 head, mated 1-day female    33 head, mated 4-day female    71 head, mated 20-day female    36 head, mated 1-day male    31 head, mated 4-day male    51 head, mated 20-day male    51 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    0 salivary gland, white prepupae    0 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    0 digestive system, 1-day adult    63 digestive system, 4-day adult    52 digestive system, 20-day adult    35 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    1 fat body, white prepupae    3 fat body, pupae P8    3 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    1 carcass, 1-day adult    52 carcass, 4-day adult    62 carcass, 20-day adult    81 ovary, virgin 4-day female    1 ovary, mated 4-day female    0 testis, mated 4-day male    14 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    7 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    0 central nervous system, larvae L3    0 central nervous system, pupae P8    0 head, virgin 1-day female    64 head, virgin 4-day female    46 head, virgin 20-day female    62 head, mated 1-day female    33 head, mated 4-day female    71 head, mated 20-day female    36 head, mated 1-day male    31 head, mated 4-day male    51 head, mated 20-day male    51 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    0 salivary gland, white prepupae    0 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    0 digestive system, 1-day adult    63 digestive system, 4-day adult    52 digestive system, 20-day adult    35 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    1 fat body, white prepupae    3 fat body, pupae P8    3 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    1 carcass, 1-day adult    52 carcass, 4-day adult    62 carcass, 20-day adult    81 ovary, virgin 4-day female    1 ovary, mated 4-day female    0 testis, mated 4-day male    14 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    7 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering     central nervous system, larvae L3     central nervous system, pupae P8     head, virgin 1-day female     head, virgin 4-day female     head, virgin 20-day female     head, mated 1-day female     head, mated 4-day female     head, mated 20-day female     head, mated 1-day male     head, mated 4-day male     head, mated 20-day male     salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering     salivary gland, white prepupae     digestive system, larvae L3 wandering     digestive system, 1-day adult     digestive system, 4-day adult     digestive system, 20-day adult     fat body, larvae L3 wandering     fat body, white prepupae     fat body, pupae P8     carcass, larvae L3 wandering     carcass, 1-day adult     carcass, 4-day adult     carcass, 20-day adult     ovary, virgin 4-day female     ovary, mated 4-day female     testis, mated 4-day male     accessory gland, mated 4-day male
modENCODE Development RNA-Seq
modENCODE Temporal Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_U)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max Summary of modENCODE Temporal Expression Profile: Temporal profile ranges from a peak of very high expression to a trough of extremely low expression. Peak expression observed in adult male stages. [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    0 embryo 02-04hr    0 embryo 04-06hr    0 embryo 06-08hr    1 embryo 08-10hr    0 embryo 10-12hr    0 embryo 12-14hr    0 embryo 14-16hr    1 embryo 16-18hr    6 embryo 18-20hr    35 embryo 20-22hr    43 embryo 22-24hr    41 larva L1    15 larva L2    26 larva L3 12hr old    70 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    1 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    0 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    2 white prepupae new    5 white prepupae 12hr    1 white prepupae 24hr    1 pupae 2d postWPP    1 pupae 3d postWPP    0 pupae 4d postWPP    49 adult male 01day    151 adult male 05day    87 adult male 30day    62 adult female 01day    78 adult female 05day    28 adult female 30day    32 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    0 embryo 02-04hr    0 embryo 04-06hr    0 embryo 06-08hr    1 embryo 08-10hr    0 embryo 10-12hr    0 embryo 12-14hr    0 embryo 14-16hr    1 embryo 16-18hr    6 embryo 18-20hr  (35) embryo 20-22hr  (43) embryo 22-24hr  (41) larva L1    15 larva L2  26 larva L3 12hr old  (70) larva L3 puffstage 1-2    1 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    0 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    2 white prepupae new    5 white prepupae 12hr    1 white prepupae 24hr    1 pupae 2d postWPP    1 pupae 3d postWPP    0 pupae 4d postWPP  (49) adult male 01day  (151) adult male 05day  (87) adult male 30day  (62) adult female 01day  (78) adult female 05day  (28) adult female 30day  (32) Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    0 embryo 02-04hr    0 embryo 04-06hr    0 embryo 06-08hr    1 embryo 08-10hr    0 embryo 10-12hr    0 embryo 12-14hr    0 embryo 14-16hr    1 embryo 16-18hr    6 embryo 18-20hr    35 embryo 20-22hr    43 embryo 22-24hr    41 larva L1    15 larva L2    26 larva L3 12hr old    70 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    1 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    0 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    2 white prepupae new    5 white prepupae 12hr    1 white prepupae 24hr    1 pupae 2d postWPP    1 pupae 3d postWPP    0 pupae 4d postWPP    49 adult male 01day  (151) adult male 05day    87 adult male 30day    62 adult female 01day    78 adult female 05day    28 adult female 30day    32 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    0 embryo 02-04hr    0 embryo 04-06hr    0 embryo 06-08hr    1 embryo 08-10hr    0 embryo 10-12hr    0 embryo 12-14hr    0 embryo 14-16hr    1 embryo 16-18hr    6 embryo 18-20hr    35 embryo 20-22hr    43 embryo 22-24hr    41 larva L1    15 larva L2    26 larva L3 12hr old    70 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    1 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    0 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    2 white prepupae new    5 white prepupae 12hr    1 white prepupae 24hr    1 pupae 2d postWPP    1 pupae 3d postWPP    0 pupae 4d postWPP    49 adult male 01day    151 adult male 05day    87 adult male 30day    62 adult female 01day    78 adult female 05day    28 adult female 30day    32 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    0 embryo 02-04hr    0 embryo 04-06hr    0 embryo 06-08hr    1 embryo 08-10hr    0 embryo 10-12hr    0 embryo 12-14hr    0 embryo 14-16hr    1 embryo 16-18hr    6 embryo 18-20hr    35 embryo 20-22hr    43 embryo 22-24hr    41 larva L1    15 larva L2    26 larva L3 12hr old    70 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    1 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    0 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    2 white prepupae new    5 white prepupae 12hr    1 white prepupae 24hr    1 pupae 2d postWPP    1 pupae 3d postWPP    0 pupae 4d postWPP    49 adult male 01day    151 adult male 05day    87 adult male 30day    62 adult female 01day    78 adult female 05day    28 adult female 30day    32 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Moderate expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    0 embryo 02-04hr    0 embryo 04-06hr    0 embryo 06-08hr    1 embryo 08-10hr    0 embryo 10-12hr    0 embryo 12-14hr    0 embryo 14-16hr    1 embryo 16-18hr    6 embryo 18-20hr  (35) embryo 20-22hr  (43) embryo 22-24hr  (41) larva L1    15 larva L2  26 larva L3 12hr old  (70) larva L3 puffstage 1-2    1 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    0 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    2 white prepupae new    5 white prepupae 12hr    1 white prepupae 24hr    1 pupae 2d postWPP    1 pupae 3d postWPP    0 pupae 4d postWPP  (49) adult male 01day  (151) adult male 05day  (87) adult male 30day  (62) adult female 01day  (78) adult female 05day  28 adult female 30day  32 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    0 embryo 02-04hr    0 embryo 04-06hr    0 embryo 06-08hr    1 embryo 08-10hr    0 embryo 10-12hr    0 embryo 12-14hr    0 embryo 14-16hr    1 embryo 16-18hr    6 embryo 18-20hr    35 embryo 20-22hr    43 embryo 22-24hr    41 larva L1    15 larva L2    26 larva L3 12hr old    70 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    1 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    0 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    2 white prepupae new    5 white prepupae 12hr    1 white prepupae 24hr    1 pupae 2d postWPP    1 pupae 3d postWPP    0 pupae 4d postWPP    49 adult male 01day  (151) adult male 05day    87 adult male 30day    62 adult female 01day    78 adult female 05day    28 adult female 30day    32 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    0 embryo 02-04hr    0 embryo 04-06hr    0 embryo 06-08hr    1 embryo 08-10hr    0 embryo 10-12hr    0 embryo 12-14hr    0 embryo 14-16hr    1 embryo 16-18hr    6 embryo 18-20hr    35 embryo 20-22hr    43 embryo 22-24hr    41 larva L1    15 larva L2    26 larva L3 12hr old    70 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    1 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    0 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    2 white prepupae new    5 white prepupae 12hr    1 white prepupae 24hr    1 pupae 2d postWPP    1 pupae 3d postWPP    0 pupae 4d postWPP    49 adult male 01day    151 adult male 05day    87 adult male 30day    62 adult female 01day    78 adult female 05day    28 adult female 30day    32 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr     embryo 02-04hr     embryo 04-06hr     embryo 06-08hr     embryo 08-10hr     embryo 10-12hr     embryo 12-14hr     embryo 14-16hr     embryo 16-18hr     embryo 18-20hr     embryo 20-22hr     embryo 22-24hr     larva L1     larva L2     larva L3 12hr old     larva L3 puffstage 1-2     larva L3 puffstage 3-6     larva L3 puffstage 7-9     white prepupae new     white prepupae 12hr     white prepupae 24hr     pupae 2d postWPP     pupae 3d postWPP     pupae 4d postWPP     adult male 01day     adult male 05day     adult male 30day     adult female 01day     adult female 05day     adult female 30day     modENCODE Temporal Expression Data (Graveley et al., 2011)
modENCODE Cell Lines RNA-Seq
modENCODE Treatments RNA-Seq
modENCODE Treatment Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_treatments)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    8 cold shock, 4-day adult    6 heat shock, 4-day adult    8 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    1 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    8 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    14 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    19 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    20 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    17 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    2 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    4 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    2 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    30 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    9 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    34 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    27 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    8 cold shock, 4-day adult    6 heat shock, 4-day adult    8 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    1 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    8 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    14 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    19 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    20 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    17 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    2 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    4 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    2 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (30) Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    9 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (34) Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (27) Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    8 cold shock, 4-day adult    6 heat shock, 4-day adult    8 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    1 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    8 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    14 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    19 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    20 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    17 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    2 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    4 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    2 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    30 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    9 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    34 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    27 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    8 cold shock, 4-day adult    6 heat shock, 4-day adult    8 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    1 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    8 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    14 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    19 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    20 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    17 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    2 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    4 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    2 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    30 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    9 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    34 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    27 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    8 cold shock, 4-day adult    6 heat shock, 4-day adult    8 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    1 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    8 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    14 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    19 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    20 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    17 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    2 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    4 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    2 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    30 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    9 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    34 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    27 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to Moderate expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    8 cold shock, 4-day adult    6 heat shock, 4-day adult    8 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    1 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    8 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    14 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    19 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    20 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    17 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    2 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    4 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    2 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult  30 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    9 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (34) Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  27 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    8 cold shock, 4-day adult    6 heat shock, 4-day adult    8 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    1 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    8 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    14 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    19 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    20 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    17 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    2 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    4 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    2 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    30 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    9 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    34 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    27 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    8 cold shock, 4-day adult    6 heat shock, 4-day adult    8 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    1 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    8 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    14 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    19 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    20 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    17 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    2 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    4 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    2 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    30 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    9 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    34 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    27 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult     cold shock, 4-day adult     heat shock, 4-day adult     Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3     Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3     Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3     Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3     Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3     Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3     Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3     Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3     Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3     Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3
Expression Clusters
	A cluster of genes with similar mRNA expression dynamics across development. (The modENCODE Consortium, 2010, Graveley et al., 2011) mE2_34_mRNA_expression_cluster_16 mE1_20_mRNA_expression_cluster_16
External Data & Images
Linkouts	BDGP expression data • RH33703 FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies • FBgn0001187 FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array • CG8094-RA
Alleles & Phenotypes
Summary of Allele Phenotypes
Lethality Allele viable, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237 Hex-CGD12378 Other Phenotypes Allele electrophoretic variant Hex-C2 visible, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237 Hex-CGD12378 Phenotype manifest in Allele chaeta, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237 Hex-CGD12378 tormogen cell, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237 Hex-CGD12378 trichogen cell | supernumerary, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237 Hex-CGD12378
Classical Alleles ( 9 )
For All Classical Alleles Show
Allele of Hex-C Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion Hex-C4 natural population 2 -- Hex-C6 natural population 2 -- Hex-C2 natural population 1 -- Hex-CnGB1 loss of function allele natural population 1 -- Hex-CnNC1 loss of function allele natural population spontaneous 1 -- Hex-CnR1 loss of function allele gamma ray 137Cs gamma ray 1 -- Hex-C2.5 spontaneous 0 -- Hex-CnMC1 spontaneous 0 -- Hex-CnNC2 spontaneous 0 --
Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs ( 2 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Allele of Hex-C Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion Hex-CGD12378 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 2 Yes Hex-CScer\UAS.cKa in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes
Aneuploid Aberrations
Disrupted in	Df(2R)Exel7135 (Ryder, 2004.4.26)
Transgenic Constructs & Insertions
Transgenic Constructs
	Type of construct Name Expression data UAS construct P{GD12378} NA P{UAS-Hex-C.K} NA
Insertions
	Type of insertions Name Expression data miscellaneous insertions P{SUPor-P}CG8079KG09154 NA
Gene Ontology: Function, Process & Cellular Component ( 9 unique terms )
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence ( 2 terms )
Molecular Function
CV term Evidence References
hexokinase activity inferred from direct assay (Moser et al., 1980)
Biological Process
CV term Evidence References
lateral inhibition inferred from mutant phenotype (Mummery-Widmer et al., 2009)
Cellular Component ( 0 terms)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions ( 8 terms )
Molecular Function
CV term Evidence References
ATP binding inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR001312, InterPro:IPR022672, InterPro:IPR022673 (FlyBase Curators et al., 2004-) fructokinase activity inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000455350 (assigned by RefGenome) (Gaudet et al., 2010) glucokinase activity inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000455350 (assigned by RefGenome) (Gaudet et al., 2010) hexokinase activity inferred from sequence or structural similarity with UniProtKB:P27881 (FlyBase, 1992-) non-traceable author statement (Lee, 2000.2.18) mannokinase activity inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000455350 (assigned by RefGenome) (Gaudet et al., 2010)
Biological Process
CV term Evidence References
cellular glucose homeostasis inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000455350 (assigned by RefGenome) (Gaudet et al., 2010) glycolysis inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000455350 (assigned by RefGenome) (Gaudet et al., 2010)
Cellular Component
CV term Evidence References
cytosol inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000455350 (assigned by RefGenome) (Gaudet et al., 2010)
Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene
	nuclear_gene   protein_coding_gene
Interactions & Pathways
Summary of Physical Interactions
protein-protein
Interacting group Assay References
Hex-C - Arpc3A anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) Hex-C - CG10641 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) Hex-C - CG43444 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) Hex-C - CG7049 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) Hex-C - Myo28B1 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23)
Summary of Genetic Interactions
Interacts with	Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions Hex-C allele Gene References
External Data
Linkouts	DPiM - DPiM, Drosophila Protein interaction Map • FBgn0001187 DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions. • FBgn0001187 InterologFinder Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets. • 44008
Orthologs
OrthoDB Orthologs (43) - based on analysis using Dmel annotation version 5.41
OrthoDB Ortholog Groups
	OrthoDB orthology group searches (Waterhouse et al., 2011, Nucleic Acids Res. 39(Database issue): D283--D288) Drosophila inclusive ortholog search EOG6NKCFB Dipteran inclusive ortholog search No orthologs identified Insect inclusive ortholog search No orthologs identified Arthropod inclusive ortholog search EOG67SQW2 Metazoa inclusive ortholog search EOG6HMX30
Orthologs in Drosophila Species (EOG6NKCFB)
Organism Common Name Gene AAA Syntenic Ortholog Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly  Dmel\Hex-C     Drosophila simulans   Dsim\GD25630 Y   Drosophila sechellia   Dsec\GM20151 Y   Drosophila erecta   Dere\GG22367 Y   Drosophila yakuba   Dyak\Hex-C Y   Drosophila ananassae   Dana\GF12622 Y   Drosophila pseudoobscura pseudoobscura   Dpse\GA20820 Y   Drosophila persimilis   Dper\GL11018 Y   Drosophila willistoni   Dwil\GK21542 Y   Drosophila virilis   Dvir\GJ15111 Y   Drosophila mojavensis   Dmoj\GI19942 Y   Drosophila grimshawi   Dgri\GH21465 Y
Orthologs in non-Drosophila Dipterans (None identified)
No non-Drosophilid orthologies identified
Orthologs in non-Dipteran Insects (None identified)
No non-Dipteran orthologies identified
Orthologs in non-Insect Arthropods (EOG67SQW2)
Organism Common Name Gene Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Daphnia pulex Water flea  Dpux\HCCS Y
Orthologs in non-Arthropod Metazoa (EOG6HMX30)
Organism Common Name Gene Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Caenorhabditis elegans Nematode  Cele\H25P06.1 Y Caenorhabditis elegans Nematode  Cele\F14B4.2 Y Strongylocentrotus purpuratus Purple sea urchin  Spur\SPU_022358gn Y Strongylocentrotus purpuratus Purple sea urchin  Spur\SPU_019378gn Y Strongylocentrotus purpuratus Purple sea urchin  Spur\SPU_020435gn Y Danio rerio Zebrafish  Drer\hk2 Y Danio rerio Zebrafish  Drer\hk1 Y Danio rerio Zebrafish  Drer\hkdc1 Y Danio rerio Zebrafish  Drer\gck Y Xenopus tropicalis Western clawed frog  Xtro\hk2 Y Xenopus tropicalis Western clawed frog  Xtro\hkdc1 Y Xenopus tropicalis Western clawed frog  Xtro\gck Y Xenopus tropicalis Western clawed frog  Xtro\ENSXETG00000008859 Y Xenopus tropicalis Western clawed frog  Xtro\hk1 Y Xenopus tropicalis Western clawed frog  Xtro\ENSXETG00000007223 Y Gallus gallus Domestic chicken  Ggal\HK1 Y Gallus gallus Domestic chicken  Ggal\HKDC1 Y Gallus gallus Domestic chicken  Ggal\ENSGALG00000009754 Y Mus musculus House mouse  Mmus\ENSMUSG00000037012 Y Mus musculus House mouse  Mmus\Hk2 Y Mus musculus House mouse  Mmus\Hk3 Y Mus musculus House mouse  Mmus\Gck Y Mus musculus House mouse  Mmus\Hkdc1 Y Rattus norvegicus Norway rat  Rnor\Hk2 Y Rattus norvegicus Norway rat  Rnor\ENSRNOG00000026235 Y Rattus norvegicus Norway rat  Rnor\Gck Y Homo sapiens Human  Hsap\HK2 Y Homo sapiens Human  Hsap\HK1 Y Homo sapiens Human  Hsap\HKDC1 Y Homo sapiens Human  Hsap\HK3 Y
Human Orthologs (4)
Gene OMIM HGNC Hsap\HK2     Hsap\HK1     Hsap\HKDC1     Hsap\HK3
AAA Orthologs (11) based on analysis using Dmel annotation version 4.3
Organism Gene Drosophila simulans Dsim\GD25630 Drosophila sechellia Dsec\GM20151 Drosophila erecta Dere\GG22367 Drosophila yakuba Dyak\Hex-C Drosophila ananassae Dana\GF12622 Drosophila pseudoobscura pseudoobscura Dpse\GA20820 Drosophila persimilis Dper\GL11018 Drosophila willistoni Dwil\GK21542 Drosophila virilis Dvir\GJ15111 Drosophila mojavensis Dmoj\GI19942 Drosophila grimshawi Dgri\GH21465
Stocks & Reagents
Stocks Listed in FlyBase ( 7 )
Bloomington	4004 w1118; Hex-CnGB1/CyO, P{sevRas1.V12}FK1 2369 SM1, Got21 GpdhA Mdh14 AdhF Dip-A4 Hex-C4 Amy-d1/Got22 GpdhB Mdh16 AdhS Dip-A2 Hex-C6 Amy-p2 Amy-d3
Kyoto	101498 Hex-CnNC1 / SM1 101497 Hex-C2 / SM1, Hex-CnR1 107289 SM1, Got21 GpdhA Mdh14 AdhF Dip-A4 Hex-C4 Amy-d1; Got22 GpdhB Mdh16 AdhS Dip-A2 Hex-C6 Amy-p2 Amy-d3
VDRC	v35337 w1118; P{GD12378}v35337 v35338 w1118; P{GD12378}v35338
Genomic Clones ( 1 )
	BACR33K06 Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete
cDNA Clones ( 54 )
	Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see GBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.
cDNA Clones, Fully Sequenced
BDGP DGC clones	RH04305 RH33703
Other clones	DPiM_RH33703
cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
BDGP DGC clones	GH03015 GH08266 GH09941 GH23740 HL01333 HL03425 HL03441 HL08184 RH03920 RH04037 RH04357 RH05913 RH06361 RH07458 RH07493 RH08552 RH09519 RH10704 RH12239 RH12252 RH13082 RH24393 RH25159 RH25255 RH26978 RH29393 RH30345 RH30517 RH32652 RH35370 RH36904 RH37222 RH37983 RH40829 RH42672 RH43538 RH45123 RH49902 RH52828 RH58614 RH63683 RH67966 RH69439 RH69663 RH72435 RH73634
Other clones	71500 CK01.17A.G6 Dmel_dig_008524_0592_3670 Dmel_neb_010989_0637_1954 Dmel_neb_014806_0827_0537
RNAi & Array Information
Linkouts	DRSC - Results from RNAi screens. • FBgn0001187 GenomeRNAi - GenomeRNAi – A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents • 44008
Antibody Information
	polyclonal (Kim et al., 2008)
Other Information
Discoverer
Etymology
Identification
Relationship to Other Genes
Source for database identity of
Source for database merge of	Source for merge of: Hex-C CG8094 (FlyBase, 1996-)
Additional comments	Source for merge of Hex-C CG8094 was sequence comparison (date:000915). (FlyBase, 1996-)
Other Comments
	The effects of a high sucrose diet on live weight, total protein, stored lipid and glycogen and crude activities of 12 enzymes involved in energy metabolism are quantified. The activities of many enzymes are reduced by the sucrose treatment. (Wang and Clark, 1995) The isoacceptor pattern of tRNA:E4 is altered in l(2)me1 mutant flies, supporting the hypothesis that the l(2)me1 mutation may be a deletion of part of the tRNA:E4 cistrons (and Hex-C) located at 2-72. (Kubli, 1978) No linkage disequilibrium has been detected between Gpdh, Mdh1, Adh, Hex-C, Est-C or Fdh. Significant linkage disequilibrium has been detected between In(2L)NS and Hex-C. (Mukai and Voelker, 1977) The structural gene for hexokinase-C (HEX-C). The enzyme is a monomer of estimated molecular weight 42,000 +/- 3,000 (Moser et al.) or 35,000 (Leigh Brown in Racine, Langley and Voelker, 1980). Activity present in all developmental stages except freshly laid eggs; restricted to fat body in larvae, but present in many organs in adult. Weakly active or inactive in cell line (Debec, 1974). HEX-C activity not necessary for survival; null mutants viable (Burkhart et al., 1984). Purification and biochemical characterization of enzyme described by Moser et al., 1980.
External Crossreferences & Linkouts
Sequence Crossreferences
	RefSeq (Transcripts) • NM_079935 RefSeq (Proteins) • NP_524674 DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank • AAF58160 AAG10690 AAG23064 AAG23065 AAG23066 AAG23067 AAG23068 AAG23069 AAG23070 AAG23071 AAG23072 AAG23073 AAG23074 AAG23075 AAG23076 AAG23077 AAG23078 AAG23079 AAG23080 AAG23081 AAG23082 AAG23083 AAG23084 AAG23085 AAG23086 AAG23087 AAG23088 AAG23089 AAG23090 AAG23091 AAG23092 AAG23093 AAG23094 AAG23095 AAG23096 AAG23097 AAG23098 AAG23099 AAG23100 AAG23101 AAG23102 AAG23103 AAG23104 AAG23105 AAG23106 AAG23107 AAG23108 AAG23109 AAG23110 AAG23111 AAG23112 AAG23113 AAG48571 AAL48128 AAL49341 AF237469 AF250759 AF257540 AF257541 AF257542 AF257543 AF257544 AF257545 AF257546 AF257547 AF257548 AF257549 AF257550 AF257551 AF257552 AF257553 AF257554 AF257555 AF257556 AF257557 AF257558 AF257559 AF257560 AF257561 AF257562 AF257563 AF257564 AF257565 AF257566 AF257567 AF257568 AF257569 AF257570 AF257571 AF257572 AF257573 AF257574 AF257575 AF257576 AF257577 AF257578 AF257579 AF257580 AF257581 AF257582 AF257583 AF257584 AF257585 AF257586 AF257587 AF257588 AF257589 AJ309864 AY070657 AY071719 BI576978 BI590654 CAC34564 Entrez Gene - A searchable database of RefSeq genes. • 44008 UniProtKB/TrEMBL • Q7JYW9 Q9GNE3 Q9GNE4 Q9GNF4 Q9GQI2 Q9GTU5
Other Crossreferences
	InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites • Hexokinase (IPR001312) Hexokinase, N-terminal (IPR022672) Hexokinase, C-terminal (IPR022673) BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis • RH33703
Linkouts
	DPiM - DPiM, Drosophila Protein interaction Map • FBgn0001187 DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions. • FBgn0001187 DRSC - Results from RNAi screens. • FBgn0001187 FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies • FBgn0001187 FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array • CG8094-RA FlyMine - Integrated genomics database for Drosophila, Anopheles, and C.elegans • FBgn0001187 GenomeRNAi - GenomeRNAi – A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents • 44008 InterologFinder Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets. • 44008 modMine - Data generated by the modENCODE project. • FBgn0001187
Synonyms & Secondary IDs ( 22 )
Reported As
Symbol Synonym	CG8094 (Coulier et al., 2000, Mummery-Widmer et al., 2009) CT22069 (Ceriani et al., 2002) DM2 (Jayakumar et al., 2001) Fk   HEX (Harshman et al., 1999, Clark and Fucito, 1998, Clark and Wang, 1997, Wang and Clark, 1995, Clark, 1994, Clark and Wang, 1994, Clark et al., 1990, Clark, 1990) Hex (Kasinskaya et al., 1992, Marinkovic et al., 1992, Kim et al., 2008) HEX-3 (Choudhary et al., 1992) Hex-3   Hex-C (Turner et al., 2008, Gronke et al., 2005, Shieh and Bonini, 2011, Borghese et al., 2006, Ayroles et al., 2009, Kovac and Marinkovic, 1999, Wasbrough et al., 2010) HEX-C (Eanes, 1994, Flowers et al., 2007) Hex-c (Hastings, 1992) HexC (Kim et al., 2010) HK (Montooth et al., 2003, Burnell et al., 1991) Hk (Matthews and Munstermann, 1994)
Name Synonym	Fructokinase   Hexokinase (Arking et al., 2000, Arking et al., 2000, Kim et al., 2008) hexokinase (Berrigan and Hoang, 1999, Montooth et al., 2003, Gronke et al., 2005) Hexokinase-3 (Kubli, 1978) Hexokinase C (Mosqueira et al., 2010, Felix et al., 2012) hexokinase C (Musselman et al., 2011) hexokinase-C (Kovac and Marinkovic, 1999) HexokinaseC (Chopra et al., 2008)
Secondary FlyBase IDs
	FBgn0034003
References ( 77 )
Generate a list of	All references relating to this gene ( 77 )
List References by type	Research paper  ( 58 ) Supplementary material  ( 4 ) Review  ( 1 ) Personal communication to FlyBase  ( 7 ) FlyBase analysis  ( 2 ) DNA/RNA sequence record  ( 2 ) Website  ( 1 ) Curated genome annotation  ( 1 ) Book  ( 1 )
Recent research papers ( 3 )
	Felix et al., 2012, Genetics 191(3): 989--1002 Age-Specific Variation in Immune Response in Drosophila melanogaster Has a Genetic Basis. [FBrf0218944] Musselman et al., 2011, Dis. Model Mech. 4(6): 842--849 A high-sugar diet produces obesity and insulin resistance in wild-type Drosophila. [FBrf0216626] Shieh and Bonini, 2011, Hum. Mol. Genet. 20(24): 4810--4821 Genes and pathways affected by CAG-repeat RNA-based toxicity in Drosophila. [FBrf0216738] Show all research papers ...
Recent reviews (0)
	All reviews listed in FlyBase were published before 2011 Show reviews ...