FB2021_06, released December 14, 2021
Gene: Dmel\His1
Gene: Dmel\His1
H1, histone, dH1, HisC
Chromatin component - linker histone - stabilize a higher order 30 nm diameter chromatin fiber that is fundamental to the structural organization of chromosomes
Phosphorylated in oocytes during prophase I of meiosis.
Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\His1 using the Feature Mapper tool.
GBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals
View Dmel\His1 in GBrowse 22-55
Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see GBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.
For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.
monoclonal
polyclonal
DNA-protein interactions: genome-wide binding profile assayed for His1 protein in Kc167 cells; see Chromatin_types_NKI collection report. Individual protein-binding experiments listed under "Samples" at GEO_GSE22069 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSE22069).
dsRNA made from templates generated with primers directed against this gene was transfected onto wild-type Kc cells to determine whether the presence of His1 is essential for the association of ribosomal proteins on chromatin. Using this method, His1 is considered essential for the association of ribosomal proteins with chromatin.
Chromatin in a cell free chromatin assembly system derived from embryos contains an activity that hydrolyses ATP to render entire nucleosome arrays mobile even in the absence of ATP, and even in the presence of histone H1.
Efficient repression of transcription by polymerase II in this system does not require the presence of His1.
polo gene product immunoprecipitated from single Drosophila embryos can phosphorylate casein in vitro, and the kinase activity peaks cyclically at late anaphase/telophase. This contrasts with the cycling of CycB associated p34cdc2 histone H1 kinase, which is maximal upon entry into mitosis during the rapid syncitial mitoses.
The codon bias of the histone genes from D.melanogaster and D.hydei illustrates that the generalisation that abundantly expressed genes have a high codon bias and low rates of silent substitution does not hold for the histone genes.
The position of the homologous histone gene repeats within the nuclei of early embryo cells has been investigated. The two homologous histone gene clusters are distinct and separate through all stages of the cell cycle up to nuclear cycle 13. During interphase of cycle 14, the two clusters colocalise with high frequency, and move from near the midline of the nucleus towards the apical side.
Scaffold attachment region sequences are implicated in the regional opening or closing of chromatin, possibly through their ability to serve as regulators for the His1-induced condensation of chromatin.
In vivo UV cross-linking and nuclear run-on assays shows that RNA polymerase II density on the Hsp70Bb gene is rapidly repressed by heat shock.
DNA replication of the 5kb histone gene repeating unit in tissue culture cells (Drosophila Kc cells) initiates at multiple sites located within the repeating unit. Several replication pause sites are located at 5' upstream regions of some histone genes.
Nascent chain nuclear run-on assays in KC161 cells reveal different responses to heat shock for different genes. Transcription of His1 is severely inhibited under mild heat shocks, of Act5C decreases proportionally with increasing temperature while that of the core histone genes or the heat shock cognates is repressed only under extreme heat shock. Increased transcription of the heat shock genes is observed within 1-2 mins of heat shock and maximal rates were reached within 2-5 minutes. Rates of transcription vary over a 20-fold range.
Comparison of CpG distribution in the coding region of 121 genes from six species supports the mCpG mutational hotspot explanation of CpG suppression in methylated species at position II-III and III-I.
His1 is a general repressor of transcription.
The genomic organisation of the histone genes in D.hydei closely resembles that of D.melanogaster.
4.8kb and 5.0kb repeats containing the histone genes His1, His2A, His2B, His3 and His4 are present in all of the more than 20 D.melanogaster strains studied. The strains differ in the relative amounts of the two repeat types, with the 5.0kb repeat always present in equal or greater amounts than the 4.8kb repeat. The strains also differ in a number of far less abundant fragments containing histone gene sequences.
Encodes Histone-H1. See HIS-C record. H1 associates with DNA between nucleosomes. The ratio of H1 to nucleosome core histones is higher in the salivary glands of larvae than in the cells of young embryos (Holmgren, Johansson, Lambertsson, and Rasmusson, 1985). The expression of the histone genes changes in mid-embryogenesis (Ambrosio and Schedl, 1985; Ruddell and Jacobs-Lorena, 1985). The egg chambers contain a variable and low level of mRNA during nurse cell polytenization; however, at the end of stage 10, all the nurse cells accumulate histone mRNA which is turned over to the growing oocytes as the nurse cells degenerate. Heterozygosity for full or partial deficiency of the histone genes suppresses variegation (BSV, Sbv, wm4); duplications without effect on level of variegation (Moore, Sinclair and Grigliatti, 1983). Transcription not repressed by heat shock (Spradling, Pardue and Penman, 1977).