FlyBase Gene Report: Dmel\inaD

General Information

Symbol

Dmel\inaD

Species

D. melanogaster

Name

inactivation no afterpotential D

Annotation Symbol

CG3504

Feature Type

protein_coding_gene

FlyBase ID

FBgn0001263

Gene Model Status

Current

Stock Availability

5 publicly available

Gene Snapshot

inactivation no afterpotential D (inaD) encodes a scaffolding protein that functions in the localization of the signaling proteins encoded by trp, inaC, and norpA to the rhabdomere. It also functions in the fast light-induced signaling of photoreceptors. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-07]

Other Summaries

Alliance
Auto summary
UniProtKB
Red Book
Interactive Fly

Key Links

Genomic Location

Cytogenetic map

59B3-59B3

Sequence location

2R:22,855,688..22,858,794 [-]

Recombination map

2-101

RefSeq locus

NT_033778 REGION:22855688..22858794

Sequence

Get Decorated FASTA

Genomic Maps

JBrowse GBrowse

Help me choose

Other Genome Views

The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.

Function

GO Summary Ribbons

Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (14 terms)

Molecular Function (6 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (4 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

enables myosin III binding

inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:ninaC; FB:FBgn0002938

(Wes et al., 1999)

enables photoreceptor activity

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Liu et al., 2011)

enables protein binding

inferred from physical interaction with UniProtKB:P19334

(assigned by UniProt )

(Chevesich et al., 1997, Shieh and Zhu, 1996)

inferred from physical interaction with UniProtKB:Q9VL78

(assigned by UniProt )

(Goel et al., 2001)

inferred from physical interaction with UniProtKB:P13677

(assigned by UniProt )

(Kumar and Shieh, 2001)

enables signaling receptor complex adaptor activity

inferred from direct assay

(Shieh et al., 1997)

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Shieh et al., 1997, Tsunoda et al., 1997)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (3 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

enables calmodulin binding

traceable author statement

(Hardie, 2001, Montell, 1999)

enables myosin binding

traceable author statement

(Hardie, 2001)

enables signaling receptor complex adaptor activity

traceable author statement

(Hardie, 2001)

Biological Process (6 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (5 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

involved_in cellular response to light stimulus

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Liu et al., 2011)

involved_in deactivation of rhodopsin mediated signaling

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Shieh and Niemeyer, 1995)

involved_in detection of light stimulus involved in sensory perception

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Popescu et al., 2006)

involved_in phototransduction

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Tsunoda et al., 1997, Shieh and Niemeyer, 1995)

inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:trp; FB:FBgn0003861

(Shieh and Zhu, 1996)

involved_in sensory perception of sound

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Senthilan et al., 2012)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)

CV Term

Evidence

References

involved_in protein localization

traceable author statement

(Hardie, 2001)

Cellular Component (2 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (2 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

part_of inaD signaling complex

inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:ninaE; FB:FBgn0002940

(Chevesich et al., 1997)

inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:trp; FB:FBgn0003861

(Chevesich et al., 1997, Tsunoda et al., 1997)

inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:inaC; FB:FBgn0004784

(Tsunoda et al., 1997)

inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:norpA; FB:FBgn0262738

(Tsunoda et al., 1997)

located_in rhabdomere

inferred from direct assay

(Sanxaridis and Tsunoda, 2010, Wang et al., 2005, Baehner et al., 2002)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)

CV Term

Evidence

References

part_of inaD signaling complex

traceable author statement

(Harteneck, 2003, Montell, 1999)

Gene Group (FlyBase)

Protein Family (UniProt)

Protein Signatures (InterPro)

Summaries

Protein Function (UniProtKB)

Involved in the negative feedback regulation of the light-activated signaling cascade in photoreceptors through a calcium-mediated process. Interacts with tetrapeptide ligand located in C-terminal sequence of 3 key components of the visual cascade, tethering them and forming a macromolecular signaling phototransduction complex.

(UniProt, Q24008)

Phenotypic Description (Red Book; Lindsley and Zimm 1992)

inaD (J.C. Hall)

Semi-dominant mutant of visual physiology, such that the phenotype (re PDA) of heterozygote similar to that produced by other ina homozygotes; inaD homozygotes exhibit ERG response that decays to baseline during bright light stimulus, and off transient is absent.

Summary (Interactive Fly)

scaffolding protein - PDZ domain protein - involved in visual signal transduction

Interactive Fly

Gene Model and Products

Number of Transcripts

Number of Unique Polypeptides

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\inaD for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)

Isoform displayed:

Pfam protein domains

InterPro name

classification

start

end

Protein Domains (via SMART)

Isoform displayed:

SMART protein domains

InterPro name

classification

start

end

Comments on Gene Model

Low-frequency RNA-Seq exon junction(s) not annotated.

Gene model reviewed during 5.52

Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene

nuclear_gene

protein_coding_gene

Transcript Data

Annotated Transcripts

Name

FlyBase ID

RefSeq ID

Length (nt)

Assoc. CDS (aa)

inaD-RA

FBtr0071909

NM_166566

2295

674

inaD-RB

FBtr0305132

NM_001259541

2331

686

Additional Transcript Data and Comments

Reported size (kB)

2 (northern blot)

(Shieh and Niemeyer, 1995)

Comments

External Data

Crossreferences

Polypeptide Data

Annotated Polypeptides

Name

FlyBase ID

Predicted MW (kDa)

Length (aa)

Theoretical pI

RefSeq ID

GenBank

inaD-PA

FBpp0071820

74.3

674

8.45

NP_726260

AAF46915

inaD-PB

FBpp0293662

75.7

686

8.45

NP_001246470

AFH08223

Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

None of the polypeptides share 100% sequence identity.

Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments

Reported size (kDa)

674 (aa); 90 (kD observed); 80 (kD predicted)

(Shieh and Niemeyer, 1995)

Comments

External Data

Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)

Interacts with the C-terminus of trp, and with norpA and inaC to form the inaD signaling complex. Interacts with Fkbp59, which together with trpl, rhodopsin and calmodulin may also be part of the inaD complex.

(UniProt, Q24008)

Post Translational Modification

Phosphorylated by inaC.

(UniProt, Q24008)

Domain

Second PDZ domain is a type I PDZ domain that tethers type I PDZ ligand inaC by interaction with its C-terminus.

(UniProt, Q24008)

Crossreferences

InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites

PDB - An information portal to biological macromolecular structures

1IHJ

Linkouts

Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model

Nucleotide / Polypeptide Records

UniProt

Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\inaD using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data

Crossreferences

Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.

inaD_1

Linkouts

Expression Data

Expression Summary Ribbons

Colored tiles in ribbon indicate that expression data has been curated by FlyBase for that anatomical location. Colorless tiles indicate that there is no curated data for that location.

For complete stage-specific expression data, view the modENCODE Development RNA-Seq section under High-Throughput Expression below.

Transcript Expression

expression microarray

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

adult stage

eye

(Xu et al., 2004)

in situ

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

embryonic stage 13 -- 16

Bolwig organ

(Fisher et al., 2012)

northern blot

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

adult stage

adult head

(Shieh and Niemeyer, 1995)

Additional Descriptive Data

Eye-enriched transcripts determined by ratio of expression level in wild-type heads. versus expression level in so heads.

(Xu et al., 2004)

inaD transcripts are detected in adult heads on northern blots.

(Shieh and Niemeyer, 1995)

Marker for

Subcellular Localization

CV Term

Polypeptide Expression

immunolocalization

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

adult stage

rhabdomere

(Shieh and Niemeyer, 1995)

retina

(Shieh and Niemeyer, 1995)

ocellus

(Shieh and Niemeyer, 1995)

photoreceptor cell

(Bernardo-Garcia et al., 2016, Shieh and Niemeyer, 1995)

mass spectroscopy

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

adult stage

adult head

• membrane

(Aradska et al., 2015)

western blot

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

adult stage

adult head

(Tian et al., 2013)

Additional Descriptive Data

inaD protein is detected exclusively in the retina of the eye. It is expressed in photoreceptor cells and in the ocelli. In ultrathin sections of photoreceptor cells, most of the protein is associated with rhabdomeres.

(Shieh and Niemeyer, 1995)

Marker for

Subcellular Localization

CV Term

Evidence

References

part_of inaD signaling complex

inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:ninaE; FB:FBgn0002940

(Chevesich et al., 1997)

inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:trp; FB:FBgn0003861

(Chevesich et al., 1997, Tsunoda et al., 1997)

inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:inaC; FB:FBgn0004784

(Tsunoda et al., 1997)

inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:norpA; FB:FBgn0262738

(Tsunoda et al., 1997)

located_in rhabdomere

inferred from direct assay

(Sanxaridis and Tsunoda, 2010, Wang et al., 2005, Baehner et al., 2002)

Expression Deduced from Reporters

High-Throughput Expression Data

Associated Tools

GBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\inaD in GBrowse 2

RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region

View exonic expression by developmental stage for Dmel\inaD

View exonic expression by tissue for Dmel\inaD

Bulk Downloads

RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes

Reference

See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.

Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle

Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis

External Data and Images

Linkouts

BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis

FBgn0001263

FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies

FBgn0001263

FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array

CG3504-RA

Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns

CG3504

Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut

FBgn0001263

Images

FlyExpress - Embryonic expression images (BDGP data)

Show all FlyExpress processed images for Dmel\inaD

Stages(s) 13-16

FlyBase Wiki

Image Based Resources

Alleles, Insertions, and Transgenic Constructs

Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 8 )

For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show

Other relevant insertions

Transgenic Constructs ( 17 )

For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show

Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of inaD

Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of inaD

Deletions and Duplications ( 3 )

Disrupted in

Df(2R)59AD

(Georgiev et al., 2005)

Not disrupted in

Df(2R)3-70

(Georgiev et al., 2005)

Df(2R)59AB

(Georgiev et al., 2005)

Phenotypes

For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.

Lethality

Allele

viable, with Dcr-2^UAS.cDa, Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu

inaD^GD10989

viable, with Scer\GAL4^pnr-MD237

inaD^GD10989

viable, with Scer\GAL4^tin.CΔ4

inaD^GD10989

Other Phenotypes

Allele

auditory perception defective | adult stage

inaD^T1

neurophysiology defective

neurophysiology defective, with inaD^C645S.ninaE

inaD^T1

neurophysiology defective, with inaD^T1

inaD^C645S.ninaE

neurophysiology defective | adult stage

inaD^T1

neurophysiology defective | adult stage (with inaD^ninaE.T669A)

inaD^T1

neurophysiology defective | adult stage (with inaD^T1)

inaD^ninaE.T669A

phototaxis defective | adult stage

inaD^unspecified

visual behavior defective

visual behavior defective, with inaD^C645S.ninaE

inaD^T1

visual behavior defective, with inaD^T1

inaD^C645S.ninaE

visual behavior defective | dominant

inaD^P215

visual behavior defective | recessive

wild-type

inaD^hs.PT

Phenotype manifest in

Allele

eye photoreceptor cell

eye photoreceptor cell, with inaD^C645S.ninaE

inaD^T1

eye photoreceptor cell, with inaD^T1

inaD^C645S.ninaE

photoreceptor

photoreceptor | adult stage (with inaD^ninaE.T669A)

inaD^T1

photoreceptor | adult stage (with inaD^T1)

inaD^ninaE.T669A

photoreceptor cell

inaD^P215

retina

inaD^P215

Orthologs

Downloads

Download All DIOPT Orthologs

Download All OrthoDB Orthologs

Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v8.0)

Homo sapiens (Human) (26)

Species\Gene Symbol

Score

Best Score

Best Reverse Score

Source

Alignment

Complementation?

Transgene?

Hsap\LNX1

4 of 15

Yes

Hsap\LNX2

4 of 15

Yes

Hsap\MPDZ

4 of 15

Yes

Hsap\PATJ

4 of 15

Yes

Hsap\FRMPD2

2 of 15

Yes

Hsap\CYTIP

1 of 15

Hsap\DLG5

1 of 15

Hsap\GOPC

1 of 15

Yes

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v8.0)

Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (27)

Species\Gene Symbol

Score

Best Score

Best Reverse Score

Source

Alignment

Complementation?

Transgene?

Mmus\Lnx1

4 of 15

Yes

Mmus\Lnx2

4 of 15

Yes

Mmus\Mpdz

4 of 15

Yes

Mmus\Patj

4 of 15

Yes

Mmus\Cytip

1 of 15

Mmus\Dlg5

1 of 15

Mmus\Frmpd2

1 of 15

Yes

Mmus\Gm20498

1 of 15

Mmus\Gopc

1 of 15

Yes

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (23)

Rnor\Mpdz

4 of 13

Yes

Rnor\Patj

4 of 13

Yes

Rnor\Lnx1

3 of 13

Yes

Rnor\Lnx2

3 of 13

Yes

Rnor\Cytip

1 of 13

Rnor\Dlg5

1 of 13

Rnor\Gopc

1 of 13

Yes

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

Yes

Rnor\Synj2bp

1 of 13

Rnor\Ush1c

1 of 13

Rnor\Whrn

1 of 13

Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (18)

Xtro\lnx1

4 of 12

Yes

Xtro\mpdz

2 of 12

Yes

Xtro\patj

2 of 12

Yes

Xtro\dlg5

1 of 12

Xtro\gopc

1 of 12

Yes

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (35)

Drer\patj

4 of 15

Yes

Drer\lnx1

3 of 15

Yes

Drer\lnx2a

3 of 15

Yes

Drer\lnx2b

3 of 15

Yes

Drer\mpdz

2 of 15

Yes

Drer\si:dkey-92j12.5

2 of 15

Yes

Drer\cytip

1 of 15

Drer\dlg5a

1 of 15

Drer\frmpd2

1 of 15

Yes

Drer\gopc

1 of 15

Yes

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

Yes

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

Yes

Drer\synj2bp

1 of 15

Drer\taar13e

1 of 15

Yes

Drer\ush1c

1 of 15

Drer\whrna

1 of 15

Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (24)

Cele\mpz-1

4 of 15

Yes

Cele\C46H11.6

1 of 15

Yes

Cele\C50D2.3

1 of 15

Yes

Cele\C50F7.3

1 of 15

Yes

Cele\C52A11.3

1 of 15

Yes

Cele\F16G10.5

1 of 15

Yes

Cele\F20D6.1

1 of 15

Yes

Cele\F28E10.4

1 of 15

Yes

Cele\F40F9.3

1 of 15

Yes

Cele\frm-5.1

1 of 15

Yes

Cele\frm-5.2

1 of 15

Yes

Cele\gopc-1

1 of 15

Yes

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

Yes

Cele\nrfl-1

1 of 15

Cele\par-3

1 of 15

Cele\smz-2

1 of 15

Yes

Cele\syd-1

1 of 15

Cele\T19B10.5

1 of 15

Yes

Cele\unc-10

1 of 15

Cele\ZK849.1

1 of 15

Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (0)

No records found.

Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (0)

No records found.

Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (0)

No records found.

Ortholog(s) in Drosophila Species (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG091904OV )

Organism

Common Name

Gene

AAA Syntenic Ortholog

Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group

Drosophila suzukii

Spotted wing Drosophila

Drosophila simulans

Drosophila sechellia

Drosophila erecta

Drosophila yakuba

Drosophila ananassae

Drosophila pseudoobscura pseudoobscura

Dpse\GA17487

Drosophila persimilis

Dper\GL10199

Drosophila willistoni

Dwil\GK20857

Drosophila virilis

Dvir\GJ19956

Drosophila mojavensis

Dmoj\GI18992

Drosophila grimshawi

Dgri\GH20094

Orthologs in non-Drosophila Dipterans (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG091502FU )

Organism

Common Name

Gene

Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group

Musca domestica

House fly

Mdoa\17022682

Glossina morsitans

Tsetse fly

Gmor\GMOY012134

Lucilia cuprina

Australian sheep blowfly

Lcup\FF38_08673

Mayetiola destructor

Hessian fly

Mdes\Mdes006303

Aedes aegypti

Yellow fever mosquito

Aaeg\AAEL018152

Anopheles darlingi

American malaria mosquito

Adar\ADAC002412

Anopheles gambiae

Malaria mosquito

Agam\AGAP002145

Orthologs in non-Dipteran Insects (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG090W028A )

Organism

Common Name

Gene

Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group

Bombyx mori

Silkmoth

Bmor\BGIBMGA013978

Bombyx mori

Silkmoth

Bmor\BGIBMGA003489

Bombyx mori

Silkmoth

Bmor\BGIBMGA003488

Bombyx mori

Silkmoth

Bmor\BGIBMGA000812

Danaus plexippus

Monarch butterfly

Dple\DPOGS211734-PA

Danaus plexippus

Monarch butterfly

Dple\DPOGS212867-PA

Danaus plexippus

Monarch butterfly

Dple\DPOGS203696-PA

Danaus plexippus

Monarch butterfly

Dple\DPOGS211732-PA

Heliconius melpomene

Postman butterfly

Hmel\HMEL017339

Heliconius melpomene

Postman butterfly

Hmel\HMEL013305

Apis florea

Little honeybee

Aflo\2576490532

Apis mellifera

Western honey bee

Amel\GB42761

Apis mellifera

Western honey bee

Amel\GB42762

Bombus impatiens

Common eastern bumble bee

Bimp\BIMP12252

Bombus impatiens

Common eastern bumble bee

Bimp\BIMP12251

Bombus impatiens

Common eastern bumble bee

Bimp\BIMP12250

Bombus terrestris

Buff-tailed bumblebee

Bter\15206498

Linepithema humile

Argentine ant

Lhum\LH11902

Linepithema humile

Argentine ant

Lhum\LH11901

Linepithema humile

Argentine ant

Lhum\LH11903

Linepithema humile

Argentine ant

Lhum\LH11906

Megachile rotundata

Alfalfa leafcutting bee

Mrot\MROTU:001abb

Megachile rotundata

Alfalfa leafcutting bee

Mrot\MROTU:002fc9

Nasonia vitripennis

Parasitic wasp

Nvit\Nasvi2EG013178

Nasonia vitripennis

Parasitic wasp

Nvit\Nasvi2EG013177

Dendroctonus ponderosae

Mountain pine beetle

Dpod\YQE_05740

Dendroctonus ponderosae

Mountain pine beetle

Dpod\YQE_08829

Dendroctonus ponderosae

Mountain pine beetle

Dpod\YQE_08831

Dendroctonus ponderosae

Mountain pine beetle

Dpod\YQE_06634

Dendroctonus ponderosae

Mountain pine beetle

Dpod\YQE_02329

Tribolium castaneum

Red flour beetle

Tcas\TC009802

Tribolium castaneum

Red flour beetle

Tcas\TC001640

Tribolium castaneum

Red flour beetle

Tcas\TC010040

Tribolium castaneum

Red flour beetle

Tcas\TC009801

Pediculus humanus

Human body louse

Phum\PHUM180840

Pediculus humanus

Human body louse

Phum\PHUM518550

Rhodnius prolixus

Kissing bug

Rpro\RPRC001729

Rhodnius prolixus

Kissing bug

Rpro\RPRC015108

Cimex lectularius

Bed bug

Clec\CLEC001087

Cimex lectularius

Bed bug

Clec\CLEC001086

Acyrthosiphon pisum

Pea aphid

Apim\ACYPI50578

Zootermopsis nevadensis

Nevada dampwood termite

Znev\Znev_02399

Orthologs in non-Insect Arthropods (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG090X025J )

Organism

Common Name

Gene

Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group

Strigamia maritima

European centipede

Smar\SMAR014014

Strigamia maritima

European centipede

Smar\SMAR012399

Stegodyphus mimosarum

African social velvet spider

Smim\KFM78558.1

Stegodyphus mimosarum

African social velvet spider

Smim\KFM77847.1

Daphnia pulex

Water flea

Dpux\DAPPUDRAFT_97010

Orthologs in non-Arthropod Metazoa (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( None identified )

No non-Arthropod Metazoa orthologies identified

Paralogs

Downloads

Download All DIOPT Paralogs

Paralogs (via DIOPT v8.0)

Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (26)

Gene Symbol

Score

Source

Alignment

5 of 10

3 of 10

2 of 10

baz

1 of 10

bbg

1 of 10

1 of 10

1 of 10

1 of 10

1 of 10

1 of 10

1 of 10

1 of 10

1 of 10

1 of 10

1 of 10

1 of 10

1 of 10

1 of 10

1 of 10

1 of 10

1 of 10

1 of 10

1 of 10

1 of 10

1 of 10

1 of 10

Human Disease Associations

FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports

Disease Model Summary Ribbon

Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations

Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 1 )

Allele

Disease

Evidence

References

inaD^T1

model of sensorineural hearing loss

CEA

(Senthilan et al., 2012)

Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 1 )

Human Ortholog

Disease

Evidence

References

MPDZ; multiple PDZ domain crumbs cell polarity complex component

model of hydrocephalus

IEA

(FlyBase, 2019-)

Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Allele

Disease

Interaction

References

Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v8.0 and OMIM)

Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.

Homo sapiens (Human)

Gene name

Score

OMIM

OMIM Phenotype

DO term

Complementation?

Transgene?

LNX1; ligand of numb-protein X 1

4 of 15

609732

LNX2; ligand of numb-protein X 2

4 of 15

609733

MPDZ; multiple PDZ domain crumbs cell polarity complex component

4 of 15

603785

HYDROCEPHALUS, CONGENITAL, 2, WITH OR WITHOUT BRAIN OR EYE ANOMALIES; HYC2

hydrocephalus

PATJ; PATJ crumbs cell polarity complex component

4 of 15

603199

Functional Complementation Data

Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.

Interactions

Summary of Physical Interactions

esyN Network Diagram

Interactions Browser

View in Interactions Browser

Please see the Physical Interaction reports below for full details

protein-protein

Physical Interaction

Assay

References

inaD

pull down, autoradiography, anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot

(Xu et al., 1998)

inaD - Cam

pull down, western blot

(Chevesich et al., 1997)

inaD - Fkbp59

two hybrid, anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, western blot, anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot

(Goel et al., 2001)

inaD - cry

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, western blot, protein three hybrid, two hybrid

(Mazzotta et al., 2018, Mazzotta et al., 2013)

inaD - inaC

enzymatic study, autoradiography, pull down, western blot, anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, two hybrid, anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot, far western blotting

(Popescu et al., 2006, Kumar and Shieh, 2001, Tsunoda et al., 2001, Liu et al., 2000, Adamski et al., 1998, Xu et al., 1998, Tsunoda et al., 1997)

inaD - inaF-B

anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot, anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, western blot

(Cheng and Nash, 2007)

inaD - kon

fluorescence polarization spectroscopy, predetermined participant, nuclear magnetic resonance

(Liu et al., 2011)

inaD - ninaC

protein three hybrid

(Mazzotta et al., 2013)

inaD - ninaE

anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot, pull down, autoradiography

(Xu et al., 1998)

inaD - trpl

anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot, anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot, pull down, autoradiography

(Goel et al., 2001, Xu et al., 1998)

Summary of Genetic Interactions

esyN Network Diagram

esyN Network Key:

Suppression

Enhancement

View in Interactions Browser

Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions

Starting gene(s)

Interaction type

Interacting gene(s)

Reference

Starting gene(s)

Interaction type

Interacting gene(s)

Reference

rdgA

suppressible

inaD

(Georgiev et al., 2005)

External Data

Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)

(UniProt, Q24008 )

Linkouts

BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.

63241

DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.

FBgn0001263

InterologFinder - Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets.

37629

MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database

inaD

Pathways

Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)

Metabolic Pathways

External Data

Linkouts

KEGG Pathways - Wiring diagrams of molecular interactions, reactions and relations.

Phototransduction - fly

Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data

Chromosome (arm)

Recombination map

2-101

Cytogenetic map

59B3-59B3

Sequence location

2R:22,855,688..22,858,794 [-]

FlyBase Computed Cytological Location

Cytogenetic map

Evidence for location

59B3-59B3

Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{PZ}blw⁰³⁹⁷² and P{EP}EP627

Experimentally Determined Cytological Location

Cytogenetic map

Notes

References

59B-59B

(Shieh, 1994.10.13)

58F1-60F1

(determined by in situ hybridisation)

(Zuker, 1992)

Experimentally Determined Recombination Data

Location

2-101

(FlyBase, 2016)

2-106.0

(Comeron et al., 2012)

Left of (cM)

Right of (cM)

Notes

Stocks and Reagents

Stocks (5)

Bloomington

42242

w^*; inaD^P215

52313

y¹ v¹; P{TRiP.HMC03170}attP2

80653

y¹ w^*; TI{CRIMIC.TG4.1}inaD^{CR00769-TG4.1}

VDRC

v330227

P{VSH330227}attP40

v26211

w¹¹¹⁸; P{GD10989}v26211/CyO

Genomic Clones (28)

Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete

cDNA Clones (64)

Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see GBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

cDNA clones, fully sequenced

BDGP DGC clones

RH58949

Other clones

Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

FBgn0001263

cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)

BDGP DGC clones

Other clones

RNAi and Array Information

Linkouts

DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens

FBgn0001263

GenomeRNAi - A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents

37629

Antibody Information

Laboratory Generated Antibodies

polyclonal

(Voolstra et al., 2015, Wes et al., 1999, Shieh and Niemeyer, 1995)

Commercially Available Antibodies

Other Information

Relationship to Other Genes

Source for database identify of

Source for database merge of

Additional comments

Other Comments

dsRNA made from templates generated with primers directed against this gene tested in RNAi screen for effects on Kc167 and S2R⁺ cell morphology.

(Kiger et al., 2003)

The trp-inaD protein-protein interaction is required for maintaining transduction complexes in the rhabdomeres.

(Tsunoda et al., 2001)

The fact that the ability of non-inaD bound trp to contribute to photoreceptor responses depends on the presence of trpl suggests that there may be interactions between trpl and the non-inaD-bound trp protein.

(Leung et al., 2000)

inaD protein is required for retention rather than targetting of trp protein to rhabdomeres.

(Li and Montell, 2000)

The second PDZ domain of inaD protein interacts with the last three residues in the carboxyl-terminal tail of inaC protein.

(Adamski et al., 1998)

inaD functions as a master scaffold for subcellular compartmentalization of the phototransduction machinery.

(Scott and Zuker, 1998)

inaD protein binds directly to norpA protein via two terminally positioned PDZ1 and PDZ5 domains. PDZ1 binds to the C-terminus of norpA, while PDZ5 binds to an internal region overlapping with the G-box homology region.

(van Huizen et al., 1998)

A PDZ domain is required in vivo for anchoring an ion channel to its normal subcellular site: inaD is required for spatially localising trp to a large signalling complex.

(Chevesich et al., 1997)

A novel tripeptide motif in the C terminus of norpA associates with inaD. Expression of transgenic norpA that displays no interaction with inaD reveals abnormal ERG with slow kinetics suggesting the association between inaD and norpA is important in the regulation of activation and deactivation of visual transduction.

(Shieh et al., 1997)

The inaD protein is composed of five distinct PDZ domains and acts as an organising scaffold for photoreceptor signalling complexes in vivo.

(Tsunoda et al., 1997)

Antibodies to the inaD protein co-precipitate trp gene product. The interaction has been mapped to the 19 amino acid C-terminus of trp and the PDZ domain of inaD. inaD functions as a regulatory subunit of the trp Ca²⁺ channel.

(Shieh and Zhu, 1996)

Mutations in inaD suggest that inaD is involved in the negative feedback regulation of the light-activated signaling cascade in photoreceptors.

(Shieh and Niemeyer, 1995)

Origin and Etymology

Discoverer

Etymology

Identification

External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 45 )

Sequence Crossreferences

NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.

37629

GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.

GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.

RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.

UniProt/Swiss-Prot - Manually annotated and reviewed records of protein sequence and functional information

Q24008

UniProt/TrEMBL - Automatically annotated and unreviewed records of protein sequence and functional information

D3DMF9

Other crossreferences

BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis

FBgn0001263

Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones

FBgn0001263

Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.

inaD_1

Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns

CG3504

Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut

FBgn0001263

GenomeRNAi - A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents

37629

iBeetle-Base - RNAi phenotypes in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)

InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites

KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.

Dmel_CG3504

modMine - A data warehouse for the modENCODE project

FBgn0001263

PDB - An information portal to biological macromolecular structures

1IHJ

SignaLink - A signaling pathway resource with multi-layered regulatory networks.

Q24008

Linkouts

BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.

63241

DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.

FBgn0001263

DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens

FBgn0001263

FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies

FBgn0001263

FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array

CG3504-RA

FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel

FBGN0001263

FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics

FBgn0001263

Interactive Fly - A cyberspace guide to Drosophila development and metazoan evolution

Interactive Fly

InterologFinder - Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets.

37629

KEGG Pathways - Wiring diagrams of molecular interactions, reactions and relations.

Phototransduction - fly

MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database

inaD

Synonyms and Secondary IDs (13)

Reported As

Symbol Synonym

CG3504

(Meadows, 2017.1.11, Khanna et al., 2010, Ni et al., 2010.12.1, Roos et al., 2005)

Ina-D

(Burack and Shaw, 2000)

Name Synonyms

INAD

(Wang et al., 2008)

Inactivation No Afterpotential D

(Mazzotta et al., 2013)

Inactivation no afterpotential D

(Khanna et al., 2010)

inactivation no after-potential D

(Montell, 2005)

inactivation no afterpotential D

(Damulewicz and Mazzotta, 2020, Wang et al., 2008, Harbison et al., 2005)

inactivation, no after-depolarization

(Henderson et al., 2000)

inactivation-no after potential D

(Su et al., 2003)

inactivation-no-afterpotential D

(Peng et al., 2008)

inactivation-no-afterpotential-D

(Sanxaridis and Tsunoda, 2010)

Secondary FlyBase IDs

Datasets (0)

Study focus (0)

Experimental Role

Project

Project Type

Title

References (193)

The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.

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