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Gene Dmel\inaD

General Information
Symbol	Dmel\inaD	Species	D. melanogaster
Name	inactivation no afterpotential D	Annotation symbol	CG3504
Feature type	protein_coding_gene	FlyBase ID	FBgn0001263
Gene Model Status	Current	Stock availability	1 publicly available
Genomic Location
Chromosome (arm)	2R	Recombination map	2-101
Cytogenetic map	59B3-59B3	Sequence location	2R:18,743,211..18,746,317 [-]
Genomic Maps Select View:Gene Models/EvidenceExpression/RegulationMegaViewGene Disruptions, Stocks and Reagents modENCODE GBrowse	Decorated FastA GenBankGFF Gene region Extended Gene region CDSIntronsExonsTranslationsTranscripts3' UTR5' UTR
Summary Information
Automatically generated summary See sections below for more information	The gene inactivation no afterpotential D is referred to in FlyBase by the symbol Dmel\inaD (CG3504, FBgn0001263). It is a protein_coding_gene from Drosophila melanogaster. There is experimental evidence that it has the molecular function: protein binding; myosin III binding; structural molecule activity. There is experimental evidence that it is involved in the biological process: phototransduction; detection of light stimulus involved in sensory perception; deactivation of rhodopsin mediated signaling. 20 alleles are reported. The phenotypes of these alleles are annotated with: photoreceptor; retina; photoreceptor cell; eye photoreceptor cell. It has 2 annotated transcripts and 2 annotated polypeptides. Protein features are: PDZ/DHR/GLGF. Summary of modENCODE Temporal Expression Profile: Temporal profile ranges from a peak of high expression to a trough of extremely low expression. Peak expression observed during late pupal stages, in adult male stages. Summary of FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data: Expression at high levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult head, adult eye. Comments on Affy2 ProbeSet: ProbeSet 1638319_at completely aligns to an exonic region of the only FlyBase-annotated transcript isoform of inaD. Gene sequence location is 2R:18743211..18746317.
External Summaries
Phenotypic Description from the Red Book (Lindsley & Zimm 1992)
Gene/Allele symbols may differ from current usage	inaD (J.C. Hall) Semi-dominant mutant of visual physiology, such that the phenotype (re PDA) of heterozygote similar to that produced by other ina homozygotes; inaD homozygotes exhibit ERG response that decays to baseline during bright light stimulus, and off transient is absent.
Recent Updates
Description	What does this section display? This section contains items that were added to this record for each release. It currently only tracks new links between this FlyBase report and other FlyBase data classes (e.g. genes, references, stocks) or controlled vocabulary terms (e.g. GO, anatomy terms). What does this section not display? This section does not currently display links that were removed or gene model changes.
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FB2012_01	References Yao and Carlson, 2010, J. Neurosci. 30(13): 4562--4572 Cao et al., 2011, EMBO J. 30(18): 3701--3713 Liu et al., 2011, Cell 145(7): 1088--1101 Sequence features HFA04694 BKN28350 BKN45003
FB2011_10
All updates	Click here to see a list of all updates to this record from FB2010_08 and on.
Detailed Mapping Data
FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Evidence for location 59B3-59B3   Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{PZ}blw03972 and P{EP}EP627
Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Notes References 59B-59B     (Shieh, 1994.10.13) 58F1-60F1   (determined by in situ hybridisation)   (Zuker, 1992)
Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
Location	2-101
Left of (cM)
Right of (cM)
Notes
Gene Model & Products
Please see the GBrowse view of Dmel\inaD for information on other features To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form
Comments on Gene Model
Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name FlyBase ID RefSeq ID Length (nt) Associated CDS (aa) inaD-RA FBtr0071909  NM_166566   2295   674 inaD-RB FBtr0305132     2331   686
Additional Transcript Data & Comments
Reported size (kB)	2 (northern blot) (Shieh and Niemeyer, 1995)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name FlyBase ID Predicted MW (kDa) Length (aa) Theoretical pI RefSeq ID GenBank protein inaD-PA   FBpp0071820   74.3   674   8.45     NP_726260   AAF46915 inaD-PB   FBpp0293662   75.7   686   8.45
Additional Polypeptide Data & Comments
Reported size (kDa)	674 (aa); 90 (kD observed); 80 (kD predicted) (Shieh and Niemeyer, 1995)
Comments
External Data
Linkouts
Crossreferences	InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites • PDZ/DHR/GLGF (IPR001478) PDB - Protein Data Bank. An information portal to biological macromolecular structures • 1IHJ
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank	DNA sequence Protein sequence Name AA567501   AA567782   AA697690   AA697708   AA697926   AA698315   AA698780   AE013599 AAF46915   AF245280 AAF81203   AI062182   AI062974   AI106836   AI106855   AI109567   AI134172   AI134388   AI134655   AI134802   AI135072   AI135326   AI238952   AI292548   AI292731   AI388279   AI388676   AI388808   AI388821   AI389166   AI402764   AI402874   AI405060   AI405189   AI405230   AI405258   AI405314   AI405399   AI513313   AI513818   AI517027   BG633249   BI572901   BI572911   BI572914   BI593666   BI607751   BI632001   BI632048   BI632087   BT004473 AAO42637   BT120028   BT120056   CK135673   CO178856   CO189363   CO270794   CO284142   CO284502   CO310074   EC062175   EC064606   EC195360   EC198731   EC245051   EC246625   EL883723   EL886478   EL886538   EL886643   EL886699   U15803 AAC36490   Z50513
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot	Q24008
UniProtKB/TrEMBL
Mapped Features
Mapped Features have been reorganized, please see this article for details. Additional mapped features and mutations can be found on GBrowse or related reports. Type Symbol & Location Additional Notes References
External Data
Linkouts
Crossreferences
Expression Data
Transcript Expression
expression microarray Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference adult stage   eye   (Xu et al., 2004) northern blot Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference adult stage   adult head   (Shieh and Niemeyer, 1995)
Additional Descriptive Data
	inaD transcripts are detected in adult heads on northern blots. (Shieh and Niemeyer, 1995) Eye-enriched transcripts determined by ratio of expression level in wild-type heads. versus expression level in so heads. (Xu et al., 2004)
Marker for
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Notes
Polypeptide Expression
immunolocalization Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference adult stage   rhabdomere   (Shieh and Niemeyer, 1995) retina   (Shieh and Niemeyer, 1995) ocellus   (Shieh and Niemeyer, 1995) photoreceptor cell   (Shieh and Niemeyer, 1995)
Additional Descriptive Data
	inaD protein is detected exclusively in the retina of the eye. It is expressed in photoreceptor cells and in the ocelli. In ultrathin sections of photoreceptor cells, most of the protein is associated with rhabdomeres. (Shieh and Niemeyer, 1995)
Marker for
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Notes
High-Throughput Expression Data
or
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2010.10.13 for analysis details and data files for all genes. modENCODE Temporal Expression Data for FBgn0001263    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales max expr for FBgn0001263 Very low expression bin max Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max Summary of modENCODE Temporal Expression Profile: Temporal profile ranges from a peak of high expression to a trough of extremely low expression. Peak expression observed during late pupal stages, in adult male stages. [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No expression (0 - 0)   Extremely low expression (1 - 10)   Very low expression (11 - 100)   Low expression (101 - 400)   Moderate expression (401 - 1400)   Moderately high expression (1401 - 4000)   High expression (4001 - 10000)   Very high expression (10001 - 100000)   Extremely high expression (100001 - 2000000) Linear, scaled to maximum FBgn0001263 expression level Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    6 embryo 02-04hr    42 embryo 04-06hr    70 embryo 06-08hr    225 embryo 08-10hr    201 embryo 10-12hr    160 embryo 12-14hr    104 embryo 14-16hr    92 embryo 16-18hr    61 embryo 18-20hr    54 embryo 20-22hr    61 embryo 22-24hr    56 larva L1    88 larva L2    27 larva L3 12hr old    19 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    8 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    23 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    20 white prepupae new    43 white prepupae 12hr    67 white prepupae 24hr    34 pupae 2d postWPP    1010 pupae 3d postWPP    3004 pupae 4d postWPP    4041 adult male 01day    4391 adult male 05day    5037 adult male 30day    6633 adult female 01day    2587 adult female 05day    952 adult female 30day    1084 Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High  Linear, scaled to Very low expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    6 embryo 02-04hr    42 embryo 04-06hr    70 embryo 06-08hr  (225) embryo 08-10hr  (201) embryo 10-12hr  (160) embryo 12-14hr  104 embryo 14-16hr    92 embryo 16-18hr    61 embryo 18-20hr    54 embryo 20-22hr    61 embryo 22-24hr    56 larva L1    88 larva L2    27 larva L3 12hr old    19 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    8 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    23 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    20 white prepupae new    43 white prepupae 12hr    67 white prepupae 24hr    34 pupae 2d postWPP  (1010) pupae 3d postWPP  (3004) pupae 4d postWPP  (4041) adult male 01day  (4391) adult male 05day  (5037) adult male 30day  (6633) adult female 01day  (2587) adult female 05day  (952) adult female 30day  (1084) Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    6 embryo 02-04hr    42 embryo 04-06hr    70 embryo 06-08hr    225 embryo 08-10hr    201 embryo 10-12hr    160 embryo 12-14hr    104 embryo 14-16hr    92 embryo 16-18hr    61 embryo 18-20hr    54 embryo 20-22hr    61 embryo 22-24hr    56 larva L1    88 larva L2    27 larva L3 12hr old    19 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    8 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    23 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    20 white prepupae new    43 white prepupae 12hr    67 white prepupae 24hr    34 pupae 2d postWPP    1010 pupae 3d postWPP  (3004) pupae 4d postWPP  (4041) adult male 01day  (4391) adult male 05day  (5037) adult male 30day  (6633) adult female 01day  (2587) adult female 05day    952 adult female 30day    1084 Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    6 embryo 02-04hr    42 embryo 04-06hr    70 embryo 06-08hr    225 embryo 08-10hr    201 embryo 10-12hr    160 embryo 12-14hr    104 embryo 14-16hr    92 embryo 16-18hr    61 embryo 18-20hr    54 embryo 20-22hr    61 embryo 22-24hr    56 larva L1    88 larva L2    27 larva L3 12hr old    19 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    8 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    23 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    20 white prepupae new    43 white prepupae 12hr    67 white prepupae 24hr    34 pupae 2d postWPP    1010 pupae 3d postWPP    3004 pupae 4d postWPP    4041 adult male 01day    4391 adult male 05day    5037 adult male 30day    6633 adult female 01day    2587 adult female 05day    952 adult female 30day    1084 Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    6 embryo 02-04hr    42 embryo 04-06hr    70 embryo 06-08hr    225 embryo 08-10hr    201 embryo 10-12hr    160 embryo 12-14hr    104 embryo 14-16hr    92 embryo 16-18hr    61 embryo 18-20hr    54 embryo 20-22hr    61 embryo 22-24hr    56 larva L1    88 larva L2    27 larva L3 12hr old    19 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    8 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    23 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    20 white prepupae new    43 white prepupae 12hr    67 white prepupae 24hr    34 pupae 2d postWPP    1010 pupae 3d postWPP    3004 pupae 4d postWPP    4041 adult male 01day    4391 adult male 05day    5037 adult male 30day    6633 adult female 01day    2587 adult female 05day    952 adult female 30day    1084 Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum FBgn0001263 expression level Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    6 embryo 02-04hr    42 embryo 04-06hr    70 embryo 06-08hr    225 embryo 08-10hr    201 embryo 10-12hr    160 embryo 12-14hr    104 embryo 14-16hr    92 embryo 16-18hr    61 embryo 18-20hr    54 embryo 20-22hr    61 embryo 22-24hr    56 larva L1    88 larva L2    27 larva L3 12hr old    19 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    8 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    23 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    20 white prepupae new    43 white prepupae 12hr    67 white prepupae 24hr    34 pupae 2d postWPP    1010 pupae 3d postWPP    3004 pupae 4d postWPP    4041 adult male 01day    4391 adult male 05day    5037 adult male 30day    6633 adult female 01day    2587 adult female 05day    952 adult female 30day    1084 Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Very low expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    6 embryo 02-04hr    42 embryo 04-06hr    70 embryo 06-08hr  (225) embryo 08-10hr  (201) embryo 10-12hr  (160) embryo 12-14hr  104 embryo 14-16hr    92 embryo 16-18hr    61 embryo 18-20hr    54 embryo 20-22hr    61 embryo 22-24hr    56 larva L1    88 larva L2    27 larva L3 12hr old    19 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    8 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    23 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    20 white prepupae new    43 white prepupae 12hr    67 white prepupae 24hr    34 pupae 2d postWPP  (1010) pupae 3d postWPP  (3004) pupae 4d postWPP  (4041) adult male 01day  (4391) adult male 05day  (5037) adult male 30day  (6633) adult female 01day  (2587) adult female 05day  (952) adult female 30day  (1084) Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low  log, scaled to Moderate expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    6 embryo 02-04hr    42 embryo 04-06hr    70 embryo 06-08hr    225 embryo 08-10hr    201 embryo 10-12hr    160 embryo 12-14hr    104 embryo 14-16hr    92 embryo 16-18hr    61 embryo 18-20hr    54 embryo 20-22hr    61 embryo 22-24hr    56 larva L1    88 larva L2    27 larva L3 12hr old    19 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    8 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    23 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    20 white prepupae new    43 white prepupae 12hr    67 white prepupae 24hr    34 pupae 2d postWPP    1010 pupae 3d postWPP  (3004) pupae 4d postWPP  (4041) adult male 01day  (4391) adult male 05day  (5037) adult male 30day  (6633) adult female 01day  (2587) adult female 05day    952 adult female 30day    1084 Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    6 embryo 02-04hr    42 embryo 04-06hr    70 embryo 06-08hr    225 embryo 08-10hr    201 embryo 10-12hr    160 embryo 12-14hr    104 embryo 14-16hr    92 embryo 16-18hr    61 embryo 18-20hr    54 embryo 20-22hr    61 embryo 22-24hr    56 larva L1    88 larva L2    27 larva L3 12hr old    19 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    8 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    23 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    20 white prepupae new    43 white prepupae 12hr    67 white prepupae 24hr    34 pupae 2d postWPP    1010 pupae 3d postWPP    3004 pupae 4d postWPP    4041 adult male 01day    4391 adult male 05day    5037 adult male 30day    6633 adult female 01day    2587 adult female 05day    952 adult female 30day    1084 Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    6 embryo 02-04hr    42 embryo 04-06hr    70 embryo 06-08hr    225 embryo 08-10hr    201 embryo 10-12hr    160 embryo 12-14hr    104 embryo 14-16hr    92 embryo 16-18hr    61 embryo 18-20hr    54 embryo 20-22hr    61 embryo 22-24hr    56 larva L1    88 larva L2    27 larva L3 12hr old    19 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    8 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    23 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    20 white prepupae new    43 white prepupae 12hr    67 white prepupae 24hr    34 pupae 2d postWPP    1010 pupae 3d postWPP    3004 pupae 4d postWPP    4041 adult male 01day    4391 adult male 05day    5037 adult male 30day    6633 adult female 01day    2587 adult female 05day    952 adult female 30day    1084 Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr     embryo 02-04hr     embryo 04-06hr     embryo 06-08hr     embryo 08-10hr     embryo 10-12hr     embryo 12-14hr     embryo 14-16hr     embryo 16-18hr     embryo 18-20hr     embryo 20-22hr     embryo 22-24hr     larva L1     larva L2     larva L3 12hr old     larva L3 puffstage 1-2     larva L3 puffstage 3-6     larva L3 puffstage 7-9     white prepupae new     white prepupae 12hr     white prepupae 24hr     pupae 2d postWPP     pupae 3d postWPP     pupae 4d postWPP     adult male 01day     adult male 05day     adult male 30day     adult female 01day     adult female 05day     adult female 30day     FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data for FBgn0001263    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap Back-to-back    Scales max expr for FBgn0001263 Moderate expression bin max High level expression bin max Very high expression bin max Summary of FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data: Expression at high levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult head, adult eye. [download data (TSV)] Guide to FlyAtlas expression level colors   No expression (0 - 9.999)   Low expression (10 - 99.999)   Moderate expression (100 - 499.999)   High level expression (500 - 999.999)   Very high expression (1000 - 25000) Linear, scaled to maximum FBgn0001263 expression level Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    1.5 Larval Midgut    2.9 Larval Hindgut    0.9 Larval Malpighian Tubules    0.5 Larval Fat Body    1 Larval Salivary Gland    0.8 Larval Trachea no informative data Larval Carcass    0.85 Adult Head    1090.8 Adult Eye    3889.3 Adult Brain    29.3 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    0.9 Adult Crop    1 Adult Midgut    0.8 Adult Hindgut    0.9 Adult Malpighian Tubules    1.3 Adult Fat Body    0.8 Adult Salivary Gland    2.2 Adult Heart    1.3 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    0.5 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    0.7 Adult Ovary    0.7 Adult Testis    1 Adult Male Accessory Gland    1 Adult Carcass    1.1 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    1.5 Larval Midgut    2.9 Larval Hindgut    0.9 Larval Malpighian Tubules    0.5 Larval Fat Body    1 Larval Salivary Gland    0.8 Larval Trachea no informative data Larval Carcass    0.85 Adult Head  (1090.8) Adult Eye  (3889.3) Adult Brain    29.3 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    0.9 Adult Crop    1 Adult Midgut    0.8 Adult Hindgut    0.9 Adult Malpighian Tubules    1.3 Adult Fat Body    0.8 Adult Salivary Gland    2.2 Adult Heart    1.3 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    0.5 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    0.7 Adult Ovary    0.7 Adult Testis    1 Adult Male Accessory Gland    1 Adult Carcass    1.1 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High  Linear, scaled to High level expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    1.5 Larval Midgut    2.9 Larval Hindgut    0.9 Larval Malpighian Tubules    0.5 Larval Fat Body    1 Larval Salivary Gland    0.8 Larval Trachea no informative data Larval Carcass    0.85 Adult Head  (1090.8) Adult Eye  (3889.3) Adult Brain    29.3 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    0.9 Adult Crop    1 Adult Midgut    0.8 Adult Hindgut    0.9 Adult Malpighian Tubules    1.3 Adult Fat Body    0.8 Adult Salivary Gland    2.2 Adult Heart    1.3 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    0.5 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    0.7 Adult Ovary    0.7 Adult Testis    1 Adult Male Accessory Gland    1 Adult Carcass    1.1 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Very high expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    1.5 Larval Midgut    2.9 Larval Hindgut    0.9 Larval Malpighian Tubules    0.5 Larval Fat Body    1 Larval Salivary Gland    0.8 Larval Trachea no informative data Larval Carcass    0.85 Adult Head    1090.8 Adult Eye    3889.3 Adult Brain    29.3 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    0.9 Adult Crop    1 Adult Midgut    0.8 Adult Hindgut    0.9 Adult Malpighian Tubules    1.3 Adult Fat Body    0.8 Adult Salivary Gland    2.2 Adult Heart    1.3 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    0.5 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    0.7 Adult Ovary    0.7 Adult Testis    1 Adult Male Accessory Gland    1 Adult Carcass    1.1 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  log, scaled to maximum FBgn0001263 expression level Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    1.5 Larval Midgut    2.9 Larval Hindgut    0.9 Larval Malpighian Tubules    0.5 Larval Fat Body    1 Larval Salivary Gland    0.8 Larval Trachea no informative data Larval Carcass    0.85 Adult Head    1090.8 Adult Eye    3889.3 Adult Brain    29.3 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    0.9 Adult Crop    1 Adult Midgut    0.8 Adult Hindgut    0.9 Adult Malpighian Tubules    1.3 Adult Fat Body    0.8 Adult Salivary Gland    2.2 Adult Heart    1.3 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    0.5 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    0.7 Adult Ovary    0.7 Adult Testis    1 Adult Male Accessory Gland    1 Adult Carcass    1.1 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  log, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    1.5 Larval Midgut    2.9 Larval Hindgut    0.9 Larval Malpighian Tubules    0.5 Larval Fat Body    1 Larval Salivary Gland    0.8 Larval Trachea no informative data Larval Carcass    0.85 Adult Head  (1090.8) Adult Eye  (3889.3) Adult Brain    29.3 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    0.9 Adult Crop    1 Adult Midgut    0.8 Adult Hindgut    0.9 Adult Malpighian Tubules    1.3 Adult Fat Body    0.8 Adult Salivary Gland    2.2 Adult Heart    1.3 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    0.5 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    0.7 Adult Ovary    0.7 Adult Testis    1 Adult Male Accessory Gland    1 Adult Carcass    1.1 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High  log, scaled to High level expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    1.5 Larval Midgut    2.9 Larval Hindgut    0.9 Larval Malpighian Tubules    0.5 Larval Fat Body    1 Larval Salivary Gland    0.8 Larval Trachea no informative data Larval Carcass    0.85 Adult Head  1090.8 Adult Eye  (3889.3) Adult Brain    29.3 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    0.9 Adult Crop    1 Adult Midgut    0.8 Adult Hindgut    0.9 Adult Malpighian Tubules    1.3 Adult Fat Body    0.8 Adult Salivary Gland    2.2 Adult Heart    1.3 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    0.5 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    0.7 Adult Ovary    0.7 Adult Testis    1 Adult Male Accessory Gland    1 Adult Carcass    1.1 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  log, scaled to Very high expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    1.5 Larval Midgut    2.9 Larval Hindgut    0.9 Larval Malpighian Tubules    0.5 Larval Fat Body    1 Larval Salivary Gland    0.8 Larval Trachea no informative data Larval Carcass    0.85 Adult Head    1090.8 Adult Eye    3889.3 Adult Brain    29.3 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    0.9 Adult Crop    1 Adult Midgut    0.8 Adult Hindgut    0.9 Adult Malpighian Tubules    1.3 Adult Fat Body    0.8 Adult Salivary Gland    2.2 Adult Heart    1.3 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    0.5 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    0.7 Adult Ovary    0.7 Adult Testis    1 Adult Male Accessory Gland    1 Adult Carcass    1.1 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  Heatmap Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System     Larval Midgut     Larval Hindgut     Larval Malpighian Tubules     Larval Fat Body     Larval Salivary Gland     Larval Trachea no informative data Larval Carcass     Adult Head     Adult Eye     Adult Brain     Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion     Adult Crop     Adult Midgut     Adult Hindgut     Adult Malpighian Tubules     Adult Fat Body     Adult Salivary Gland     Adult Heart     Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca     Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca     Adult Ovary     Adult Testis     Adult Male Accessory Gland     Adult Carcass     FlyAtlas Organ/Tissue Expression, larval vs. adult Larval Expression Level Tissue Adult Expression Level   NA  Head    1090.8   NA  Eye    3889.3   NA  Brain    29.3   1.5  Central Nervous System    NA   NA  Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    0.9   NA  Crop    1   2.9  Midgut    0.8   0.9  Hindgut    0.9   0.5  Malpighian Tubules    1.3   1  Fat Body    0.8   0.8  Salivary Gland    2.2   NA  Heart    1.3   no informative data  Trachea    NA   NA  VirginFemale Spermatheca    0.5   NA  InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    0.7   NA  Ovary    0.7   NA  Testis    1   NA  Male Accessory Gland    1   0.85  Carcass    1.1 modENCODE Temporal Expression Data (Graveley et al., 2011) FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data (Chintapalli et al., 2007)
Expression Clusters
	A cluster of genes with similar mRNA expression dynamics across development. (The modENCODE Consortium, 2010) mE2_34_mRNA_expression_cluster_00
External Data & Images
Linkouts	FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies • FBgn0001263 FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array • CG3504-RA FlyExpress - Embryonic expression images (BDGP data) • Show all FlyExpress processed images for inaD Stages(s) 13-16
Alleles & Phenotypes
Summary of Allele Phenotypes
Lethality Allele viable, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237 inaDGD10989 Other Phenotypes Allele neurophysiology defective inaDP215 inaDT1 inaDT2 neurophysiology defective, with inaDC645S.ninaE inaDT1 neurophysiology defective, with inaDT1 inaDC645S.ninaE phototaxis behavior defective | adult stage inaDunspecified visual behavior defective inaDP215 inaDT1 inaDT2 visual behavior defective, with inaDC645S.ninaE inaDT1 visual behavior defective, with inaDT1 inaDC645S.ninaE visual behavior defective | dominant inaDP215 visual behavior defective | recessive inaDP215 inaDT1 inaDT2 wild-type inaDhs.PT Phenotype manifest in Allele eye photoreceptor cell inaDT1 inaDT2 eye photoreceptor cell, with inaDC645S.ninaE inaDT1 eye photoreceptor cell, with inaDT1 inaDC645S.ninaE photoreceptor inaDT1 inaDT2 photoreceptor cell inaDP215 retina inaDP215
Classical Alleles ( 7 )
For All Classical Alleles Show
Allele of inaD Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion inaDP215 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 Yes inaDsu100 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 Yes inaDsu1 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 Yes inaDT1 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 Yes inaDT2 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 Yes inaDttd10 FLPase 0 -- inaDunspecified 0 --
Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs ( 13 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Allele of inaD Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion inaDGD10989 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 1 Yes inaDC645S.ninaE in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - amino acid replacement 0 Yes inaDdsRNA.cRa in vitro construct - RNAi 0 Yes inaDGMR.PT in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes inaDGMR.T:Avic\GFP in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - coding region fusion 0 Yes inaDhs.PS in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes inaDhs.PT in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes inaDninaE.PM in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes inaDPDZ1.GMR in vitro construct - amino acid replacement in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes inaDPDZ2.GMR in vitro construct - amino acid replacement in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes inaDPDZ3.GMR in vitro construct - amino acid replacement in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes inaDPDZ4.GMR in vitro construct - amino acid replacement in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes inaDPDZ5.GMR in vitro construct - amino acid replacement in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes
Aneuploid Aberrations
Disrupted in	Df(2R)59AD (Georgiev et al., 2005)
Not disrupted in	Df(2R)3-70 (Georgiev et al., 2005) Df(2R)59AB (Georgiev et al., 2005)
Transgenic Constructs & Insertions
Transgenic Constructs
	Type of construct Name Expression data heat-shock construct P{hs-inaD.T} NA P{hsp70-InsD} NA UAS construct P{GD10989} NA characterization construct P{GMR-inaD.GFP} NA P{GMR-inaD.PDZ1} NA P{GMR-inaD.PDZ2} NA P{GMR-inaD.PDZ3} NA P{GMR-inaD.PDZ4} NA P{GMR-inaD.PDZ5} NA P{GMR-inaD.T} NA P{ninaE-inaD.C645S} NA P{ninaE-inaD.WT} NA
Insertions
	Type of insertions Name Expression data
Gene Ontology: Function, Process & Cellular Component ( 13 unique terms )
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence ( 9 terms )
Molecular Function
CV term Evidence References
myosin III binding inferred from physical interaction with ninaC (Wes et al., 1999) protein binding inferred from physical interaction with UniProtKB:P13677 (assigned by UniProtKB) (Kumar and Shieh, 2001) structural molecule activity inferred from direct assay AND inferred from mutant phenotype (Shieh et al., 1997) inferred from mutant phenotype (Tsunoda et al., 1997)
Biological Process
CV term Evidence References
deactivation of rhodopsin mediated signaling inferred from mutant phenotype (Shieh and Niemeyer, 1995) detection of light stimulus involved in sensory perception inferred from mutant phenotype (Popescu et al., 2006) phototransduction inferred from mutant phenotype (Shieh and Niemeyer, 1995, Tsunoda et al., 1997) inferred from physical interaction with trp (Shieh and Zhu, 1996)
Cellular Component
CV term Evidence References
inaD signaling complex inferred from physical interaction with inaC (Tsunoda et al., 1997) inferred from physical interaction with ninaE AND inferred from physical interaction with trp (Chevesich et al., 1997) inferred from physical interaction with norpA (Tsunoda et al., 1997) inferred from physical interaction with trp (Tsunoda et al., 1997) plasma membrane inferred from direct assay (Khanna et al., 2010) rhabdomere inferred from direct assay (Baehner et al., 2002, Wang et al., 2005, Sanxaridis and Tsunoda, 2010)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions ( 6 terms )
Molecular Function
CV term Evidence References
calmodulin binding traceable author statement (Hardie, 2001, Montell, 1999) myosin binding traceable author statement (Hardie, 2001) receptor signaling complex scaffold activity traceable author statement (Hardie, 2001)
Biological Process
CV term Evidence References
phototransduction non-traceable author statement (Montell, 1999) protein localization traceable author statement (Hardie, 2001)
Cellular Component
CV term Evidence References
inaD signaling complex traceable author statement (Montell, 1999, Harteneck, 2003)
Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene
	nuclear_gene   protein_coding_gene
Interactions & Pathways
Summary of Physical Interactions
Protein-protein
Interacting group Assay References
Summary of Genetic Interactions
Interacts with	Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions inaD allele Gene References inaD1 trpl (Leung et al., 2000)
External Data
Linkouts	BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions • 63241 DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions. • FBgn0001263 InterologFinder Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets. • 37629
Orthologs
Genome-wide drosophilid orthologs	Dana\GF11324 Dere\GG20089 Dgri\GH20094 Dmoj\GI18992 Dper\GL10199 Dpse\GA17487 Dsec\GM15606 Dsim\GD25102 Dvir\GJ19956 Dwil\GK20857 Dyak\GE11628
Curated drosophilid orthologs	Dpse\GA17487
Linkouts	InParanoid A subset of ortholog calls from InParanoid. • AAEL008075-PA Aedes aegypti (mosquito) AGAP002145-PA Anopheles gambiae (mosquito) ENSCPOP00000020231 Cavia porcellus (guinea pig) ENSCSAVP00000019732 Ciona savignyi (sedentary tunicate) ENSDARP00000035306 Danio rerio (zebra fish) ENSECAP00000011318 Equus caballus (horse) 189608 Hypsipyla robusta (cedar shoot borer) ENSP00000370787 Homo sapiens (human) ISCW019644-PA Ixodes scapularis (deer tick) 228054 Lottia gigantea (owl limpet) ENSOANP00000015444 Ornithorynchus anatinus (platypus) ENSORLP00000004453 Oryzias latipes (japanese killifish) PHUM000448-PA Pediculus humanus (human body louse) ENSPTRP00000027630 Pan troglodytes (chimpanzee) Smp_168960 Schistosoma mansoni (trematode parasite) XP_001810643.1 Tribolium castaneum (red flour beetle) ENSTNIP00000020809 Tetraodon nigroviridis (green spotted pufferfish) OrthoDB (Arthropod subset) The hierarchical catalog of eukaryotic orthologs. • PB18538 NV50286 LH11906 ISCW019644 FBgn0229426 FBgn0222853 FBgn0207098 FBgn0196414 FBgn0170524 JGI_V11_43432 FBgn0077498 FBgn0147809 FBgn0141731 FBgn0127558 FBgn0112283 FBgn0088364 ACYPI50579 GB16340 AGAP002145 AAEL008075 PHUM518550 GLEAN_09802
Stocks & Reagents
Stocks Listed in FlyBase ( 1 )
VDRC	v26211 w1118; P{GD10989}v26211/CyO
Genomic Clones ( 1 )
	BACR09K23 Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete
cDNA Clones ( 64 )
	Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see GBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.
cDNA Clones, Fully Sequenced
BDGP DGC clones	RH58949
Other clones	MIP15186 MIP15238
cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
BDGP DGC clones	GH01296 GH02368 GH06072 GH06101 GH08793 GH11552 GH11841 GH12178 GH12351 GH12693 GH13013 GH14605 GH15105 GH15474 GH15701 GH19116 GH19646 GH19827 GH19845 GH20270 GH22052 GH22204 GH23047 GH24971 GH25124 GH25170 GH25208 GH25275 GH25387 GH26918 GH27648 HL01354 HL01762 HL02990 HL03469 HL04263 HL05676 RH06481 RH07008 RH07134 RH56642 RH61113 RH72474
Other clones	18677 37922 46510 64597 97711 CK01.54A.F4 EK044054 EK057809 EK100304 EK165346 EK166205 EK220362 HL03019 IP13380 IP17717 IP17817 IP17917 RH07612
RNAi & Array Information
Linkouts	DRSC - Results from RNAi screens. • FBgn0001263 GenomeRNAi - GenomeRNAi – A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents • 37629
Antibody Information
	polyclonal (Shieh and Niemeyer, 1995, Wes et al., 1999)
Other Information
Discoverer
Etymology
Identification
Relationship to Other Genes
Source for database identity of
Source for database merge of
Additional comments
Other Comments
	dsRNA made from templates generated with primers directed against this gene tested in RNAi screen for effects on Kc167 and S2R+ cell morphology. (Kiger et al., 2003) The trp-inaD protein-protein interaction is required for maintaining transduction complexes in the rhabdomeres. (Tsunoda et al., 2001) The fact that the ability of non-inaD bound trp to contribute to photoreceptor responses depends on the presence of trpl suggests that there may be interactions between trpl and the non-inaD-bound trp protein. (Leung et al., 2000) inaD protein is required for retention rather than targetting of trp protein to rhabdomeres. (Li and Montell, 2000) The second PDZ domain of inaD protein interacts with the last three residues in the carboxyl-terminal tail of inaC protein. (Adamski et al., 1998) inaD functions as a master scaffold for subcellular compartmentalization of the phototransduction machinery. (Scott and Zuker, 1998) inaD protein binds directly to norpA protein via two terminally positioned PDZ1 and PDZ5 domains. PDZ1 binds to the C-terminus of norpA, while PDZ5 binds to an internal region overlapping with the G-box homology region. (van Huizen et al., 1998) A PDZ domain is required in vivo for anchoring an ion channel to its normal subcellular site: inaD is required for spatially localising trp to a large signalling complex. (Chevesich et al., 1997) A novel tripeptide motif in the C terminus of norpA associates with inaD. Expression of transgenic norpA that displays no interaction with inaD reveals abnormal ERG with slow kinetics suggesting the association between inaD and norpA is important in the regulation of activation and deactivation of visual transduction. (Shieh et al., 1997) The inaD protein is composed of five distinct PDZ domains and acts as an organising scaffold for photoreceptor signalling complexes in vivo. (Tsunoda et al., 1997) Antibodies to the inaD protein co-precipitate trp gene product. The interaction has been mapped to the 19 amino acid C-terminus of trp and the PDZ domain of inaD. inaD functions as a regulatory subunit of the trp Ca2+ channel. (Shieh and Zhu, 1996) Mutations in inaD suggest that inaD is involved in the negative feedback regulation of the light-activated signaling cascade in photoreceptors. (Shieh and Niemeyer, 1995)
External Crossreferences & Linkouts
Sequence Crossreferences
	RefSeq (Transcripts) • NM_166566 RefSeq (Proteins) • NP_726260 DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank • AA567782 AA697690 AAC36490 AAF46915 AAF81203 AAO42637 AF245280 BI632048 BT004473 U15803 Z50513 Entrez Gene - A searchable database of RefSeq genes. • 37629 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot • Q24008
Other Crossreferences
	InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites • PDZ/DHR/GLGF (IPR001478) PDB - Protein Data Bank. An information portal to biological macromolecular structures • 1IHJ
Linkouts
	BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions • 63241 DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions. • FBgn0001263 DRSC - Results from RNAi screens. • FBgn0001263 FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies • FBgn0001263 FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array • CG3504-RA FlyMine - Integrated genomics database for Drosophila, Anopheles, and C.elegans • FBgn0001263 GenomeRNAi - GenomeRNAi – A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents • 37629 InParanoid A subset of ortholog calls from InParanoid. • AAEL008075-PA Aedes aegypti (mosquito) AGAP002145-PA Anopheles gambiae (mosquito) ENSCPOP00000020231 Cavia porcellus (guinea pig) ENSCSAVP00000019732 Ciona savignyi (sedentary tunicate) ENSDARP00000035306 Danio rerio (zebra fish) ENSECAP00000011318 Equus caballus (horse) 189608 Hypsipyla robusta (cedar shoot borer) ENSP00000370787 Homo sapiens (human) ISCW019644-PA Ixodes scapularis (deer tick) 228054 Lottia gigantea (owl limpet) ENSOANP00000015444 Ornithorynchus anatinus (platypus) ENSORLP00000004453 Oryzias latipes (japanese killifish) PHUM000448-PA Pediculus humanus (human body louse) ENSPTRP00000027630 Pan troglodytes (chimpanzee) Smp_168960 Schistosoma mansoni (trematode parasite) XP_001810643.1 Tribolium castaneum (red flour beetle) ENSTNIP00000020809 Tetraodon nigroviridis (green spotted pufferfish) Interactive Fly - A cyberspace guide to Drosophila development and metazoan evolution • /hjmuller/inad1.htm InterologFinder Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets. • 37629 modMine - Data generated by the modENCODE project. • FBgn0001263 OrthoDB (Arthropod subset) The hierarchical catalog of eukaryotic orthologs. • PB18538 NV50286 LH11906 ISCW019644 FBgn0229426 FBgn0222853 FBgn0207098 FBgn0196414 FBgn0170524 JGI_V11_43432 FBgn0077498 FBgn0147809 FBgn0141731 FBgn0127558 FBgn0112283 FBgn0088364 ACYPI50579 GB16340 AGAP002145 AAEL008075 PHUM518550 GLEAN_09802
Synonyms & Secondary IDs ( 11 )
Reported As
Symbol Synonym	CG3504 (Juhola et al., 2000, Roos et al., 2005, Khanna et al., 2010) InaD (Pedra et al., 2004, Delmas et al., 2004, Hardie, 2001, Kimple et al., 2001, Leung et al., 2000, Jaken, 2000, Shieh, 1994.10.13, Montell, 1998, van Huizen et al., 1998, Ponting et al., 1997, Clapham, 1996, Shieh and Zhu, 1996, Pak, 1995, Henderson et al., 2000, Georgiev et al., 2005) INAD (Dan et al., 2001, Lee and Montell, 2001, Hardie and Raghu, 2001, Xu et al., 1998, Richter et al., 2005, Han et al., 2006, Kwon and Montell, 2006, Wang et al., 2008, Mecklenburg et al., 2010, Wang et al., 2005, Wang et al., 2008, Wes et al., 1999, Han et al., 2007, Su et al., 2003, Dasgupta et al., 2009, Wang et al., 2010, Sanxaridis and Tsunoda, 2010, Peng et al., 2008, Cao et al., 2011) Ina-D (Burack and Shaw, 2000) inaD (Yang et al., 2005, Hiesinger et al., 2006, Yao and Carlson, 2010, Chorna-Ornan et al., 2005, Sanxaridis et al., 2007, Nelson et al., 2005, Mishra et al., 2007, Wes et al., 1999, Meyer et al., 2006, Popescu et al., 2006, Zelhof et al., 2003, Landry et al., 2007, Mendoza-Topaz et al., 2008, Cook, 2010.2.24, Meyer et al., 2008, Cheng and Nash, 2007, Peng et al., 2008, Sanxaridis and Tsunoda, 2010, Venkatachalam et al., 2010)
Name Synonym	inactivation, no after-depolarization (Henderson et al., 2000) inactivation no afterpotential D (Wang et al., 2008, Harbison et al., 2005) inactivation-no after potential D (Su et al., 2003) Inactivation no afterpotential D (Khanna et al., 2010) inactivation-no-afterpotential-D (Sanxaridis and Tsunoda, 2010) inactivation-no-afterpotential D (Peng et al., 2008) INAD (Wang et al., 2008)
Secondary FlyBase IDs
References ( 139 )
Generate a list of	All references relating to this gene ( 139 )
List References by type	Research paper  ( 69 ) Supplementary material  ( 7 ) Review  ( 50 ) Personal communication to FlyBase  ( 3 ) Abstract  ( 5 ) FlyBase analysis  ( 1 ) DNA/RNA sequence record  ( 1 ) Computer file  ( 1 ) Automatic genome annotation  ( 1 )
Recent research papers ( 7 )
	Cao et al., 2011, EMBO J. 30(18): 3701--3713 A Drosophila metallophosphoesterase mediates deglycosylation of rhodopsin. [FBrf0215269] Liu et al., 2011, Cell 145(7): 1088--1101 The INAD Scaffold Is a Dynamic, Redox-Regulated Modulator of Signaling in the Drosophila Eye. [FBrf0214003] Mecklenburg et al., 2010, J. Neurosci. 30(4): 1238--1249 Retinophilin is a light-regulated phosphoprotein required to suppress photoreceptor dark noise in Drosophila. [FBrf0209881] Sanxaridis and Tsunoda, 2010, Fly 4(2): 95--103 A forward genetic screen in Drosophila melanogaster to identify mutations affecting INAD localization in photoreceptor cells. [FBrf0211062] Venkatachalam et al., 2010, J. Neurosci. 30(34): 11337--11345 Dependence on a Retinophilin/Myosin Complex for Stability of PKC and INAD and Termination of Phototransduction. [FBrf0211598] Wang et al., 2010, Curr. Biol. 20(2): 93--102 Requirement for an Enzymatic Visual Cycle in Drosophila. [FBrf0209891] Yao and Carlson, 2010, J. Neurosci. 30(13): 4562--4572 Role of G-proteins in odor-sensing and CO2-sensing neurons in Drosophila. [FBrf0210441] Show all research papers ...
Recent reviews (0)
	All reviews listed in FlyBase were published before 2010 Show reviews ...