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Gene Dmel\kto

General Information
Symbol	Dmel\kto	Species	D. melanogaster
Name	kohtalo	Annotation symbol	CG8491
Feature type	protein_coding_gene	FlyBase ID	FBgn0001324
Gene Model Status	Current	Stock availability	6 publicly available
Also Known As	MED12, dTRAP230, Trap230
Genomic Location
Chromosome (arm)	3L	Recombination map	3-46
Cytogenetic map	76D1-76D1	Sequence location	3L:19,829,714..19,838,044 [+]
Genomic Maps Select View:Gene Models/EvidenceExpression/RegulationMegaViewGene Disruptions, Stocks and Reagents Beta	Decorated FastA GenBankGFF Gene region Extended Gene region CDSIntronsExonsTranslationsTranscripts3' UTR5' UTR
Summary Information
Automatically generated summary See sections below for more information	The gene kohtalo is referred to in FlyBase by the symbol Dmel\kto (CG8491, FBgn0001324). It is a protein_coding_gene from Drosophila melanogaster. There is experimental evidence that it has the molecular function: protein binding; RNA polymerase II transcription cofactor activity. There is experimental evidence that it is involved in the biological process: chaeta development; positive regulation of Wnt receptor signaling pathway; compound eye development; sex comb development; imaginal disc-derived leg segmentation; regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter. 22 alleles are reported. The phenotypes of these alleles are annotated with: wing margin; eye disc; trichogen cell; antennal disc; photoreceptor cell; heart primordium; mesothoracic tergum. It has 2 annotated transcripts and 2 annotated polypeptides. Protein features are: Mediator complex, subunit Med12; Mediator complex, subunit Med12, LCEWAV-domain. Summary of modENCODE Temporal Expression Profile: Temporal profile ranges from a peak of moderately high expression to a trough of low expression. Peak expression observed within 00-12 hour embryonic stages, during early pupal stages. Summary of FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data: Expression at moderate levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: larval central nervous system, adult testis. Comments on Affy2 ProbeSet: ProbeSet 1628801_at completely aligns to an exonic region of the only FlyBase-annotated transcript isoform of kto. Gene sequence location is 3L:19829714..19838044.
User Contributed Data
	Beta version, feedback welcome
Phenotypic Description from the Red Book (Lindsley & Zimm 1992)
Gene/Allele symbols may differ from current usage	kto: kohtalo (J.A. Kennison) Isolated as a dominant suppressor of Pc mutations. Also suppresses Pcl alleles as well as Msc, Mrt, and AntpScx. Associated with recessive larval lethality.
Recent Updates
Description	What does this section display? This section contains items that were added to this record for each release. It currently only tracks new links between this FlyBase report and other FlyBase data classes (e.g. genes, references, stocks) or controlled vocabulary terms (e.g. GO, anatomy terms). What does this section not display? This section does not currently display links that were removed or gene model changes.
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FB2013_03
FB2013_02
All updates	Click here to see a list of all updates to this record from FB2010_08 and on.
Detailed Mapping Data
FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Evidence for location 76D1-76D1   Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{lacW}l(3)L3809L3809 and P{lacW}l(3)L1243L1243&P{lacW}Mi-2j3D4
Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Notes References 76D1-76D1     (Treisman, 2000.11.27) 76B-76D   Location from complementation analysis with deficiency and duplication chromosomes (details unspecified).   (Kennison and Tamkun, 1988)
Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
Location	3-46 (Kennison and Tamkun, 1988)
Left of (cM)	P{FRT(whs)}2A (de Ayala Alonso et al., 2007)
Right of (cM)	th (de Ayala Alonso et al., 2007)
Notes
Gene Model & Products
Please see the GBrowse view of Dmel\kto for information on other features To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form
Comments on Gene Model
	Gene model reviewed during 5.45 DGC clone appears problematic (SD08305): incomplete CDS
Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name FlyBase ID RefSeq ID Length (nt) Associated CDS (aa) kto-RA FBtr0074884  NM_080047   7740   2531 kto-RB FBtr0304716  NM_001259906   1723   534
Additional Transcript Data & Comments
Reported size (kB)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name FlyBase ID Predicted MW (kDa) Length (aa) Theoretical pI RefSeq ID GenBank protein kto-PA   FBpp0074653   279.5   2531   7.60     NP_524786   AAF49103 kto-PB   FBpp0293259   58.0   534   12.01     NP_001246835   AFH04506
Additional Polypeptide Data & Comments
Reported size (kDa)
Comments
External Data
Linkouts
Crossreferences	InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites • Mediator complex, subunit Med12 (IPR019035) Mediator complex, subunit Med12, LCEWAV-domain (IPR021990)
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank	DNA sequence Protein sequence Name AE014296 AAF49103   AF324426 AAG48328   AE014296 AFH04506   AI297658   AI542171   AY122257 AAM52769   BF486389   BF487965   BF488367   BF489947   BF495656   BT072834   BT100264   CK658772   CO310703   EC064706
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot	Q9VW47
UniProtKB/TrEMBL
Mapped Features
Mapped Features have been reorganized, please see this article for details. Additional mapped features and mutations can be found on GBrowse or related reports. Type Symbol & Location Additional Notes References
External Data
Linkouts
Crossreferences
Expression Data
Transcript Expression
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Polypeptide Expression
immunolocalization Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference larval stage   organism | ubiquitous   • nucleus (Janody et al., 2003) mass spectroscopy Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference day 5 of adulthood & male -- day 7 of adulthood & male   spermatozoon   (Wasbrough et al., 2010)
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
Subcellular Localization (GO Cellular Component)
CV term Evidence References
mediator complex inferred from direct assay (assigned by UniProtKB) (Janody et al., 2003) inferred from physical interaction with Cdk8, CycC (Loncle et al., 2007)
Expression Deduced from Reporters
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools
Reference	See Gelbart and Emmert, 2010.10.13 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
FlyAtlas Anatomy Microarray
FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data (FlyAtlas-RNA.adult) (FlyAtlas-RNA.larva)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap Back-to-back    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High level expression bin max Very high expression bin max Summary of FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data: Expression at moderate levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: larval central nervous system, adult testis. [download data (TSV)] Guide to FlyAtlas expression level colors   No expression (0 - 9.999)   Low expression (10 - 99.999)   Moderate expression (100 - 499.999)   High level expression (500 - 999.999)   Very high expression (>999.999) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    139.875 Larval Midgut    46.4 Larval Hindgut    47.1 Larval Malpighian Tubules    64.4 Larval Fat Body    65.9 Larval Salivary Gland    85 Larval Trachea    95.475 Larval Carcass    60.8 Adult Head    43.5 Adult Eye    47.5 Adult Brain    84 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    73.7 Adult Crop    55.7 Adult Midgut    37.1 Adult Hindgut    43.5 Adult Malpighian Tubules    49.3 Adult Fat Body    40 Adult Salivary Gland    81.6 Adult Heart    42.6 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    49.7 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    58 Adult Ovary    71.1 Adult Testis    187.7 Adult Male Accessory Gland    60.3 Adult Carcass    38.2 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    139.875 Larval Midgut    46.4 Larval Hindgut    47.1 Larval Malpighian Tubules    64.4 Larval Fat Body    65.9 Larval Salivary Gland    85 Larval Trachea    95.475 Larval Carcass    60.8 Adult Head    43.5 Adult Eye    47.5 Adult Brain    84 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    73.7 Adult Crop    55.7 Adult Midgut    37.1 Adult Hindgut    43.5 Adult Malpighian Tubules    49.3 Adult Fat Body    40 Adult Salivary Gland    81.6 Adult Heart    42.6 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    49.7 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    58 Adult Ovary    71.1 Adult Testis    187.7 Adult Male Accessory Gland    60.3 Adult Carcass    38.2 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High  Linear, scaled to High level expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    139.875 Larval Midgut    46.4 Larval Hindgut    47.1 Larval Malpighian Tubules    64.4 Larval Fat Body    65.9 Larval Salivary Gland    85 Larval Trachea    95.475 Larval Carcass    60.8 Adult Head    43.5 Adult Eye    47.5 Adult Brain    84 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    73.7 Adult Crop    55.7 Adult Midgut    37.1 Adult Hindgut    43.5 Adult Malpighian Tubules    49.3 Adult Fat Body    40 Adult Salivary Gland    81.6 Adult Heart    42.6 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    49.7 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    58 Adult Ovary    71.1 Adult Testis    187.7 Adult Male Accessory Gland    60.3 Adult Carcass    38.2 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Very high expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    139.875 Larval Midgut    46.4 Larval Hindgut    47.1 Larval Malpighian Tubules    64.4 Larval Fat Body    65.9 Larval Salivary Gland    85 Larval Trachea    95.475 Larval Carcass    60.8 Adult Head    43.5 Adult Eye    47.5 Adult Brain    84 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    73.7 Adult Crop    55.7 Adult Midgut    37.1 Adult Hindgut    43.5 Adult Malpighian Tubules    49.3 Adult Fat Body    40 Adult Salivary Gland    81.6 Adult Heart    42.6 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    49.7 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    58 Adult Ovary    71.1 Adult Testis    187.7 Adult Male Accessory Gland    60.3 Adult Carcass    38.2 Expression Level Scale  Very high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    139.875 Larval Midgut    46.4 Larval Hindgut    47.1 Larval Malpighian Tubules    64.4 Larval Fat Body    65.9 Larval Salivary Gland    85 Larval Trachea    95.475 Larval Carcass    60.8 Adult Head    43.5 Adult Eye    47.5 Adult Brain    84 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    73.7 Adult Crop    55.7 Adult Midgut    37.1 Adult Hindgut    43.5 Adult Malpighian Tubules    49.3 Adult Fat Body    40 Adult Salivary Gland    81.6 Adult Heart    42.6 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    49.7 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    58 Adult Ovary    71.1 Adult Testis    187.7 Adult Male Accessory Gland    60.3 Adult Carcass    38.2 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate  log, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    139.875 Larval Midgut    46.4 Larval Hindgut    47.1 Larval Malpighian Tubules    64.4 Larval Fat Body    65.9 Larval Salivary Gland    85 Larval Trachea    95.475 Larval Carcass    60.8 Adult Head    43.5 Adult Eye    47.5 Adult Brain    84 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    73.7 Adult Crop    55.7 Adult Midgut    37.1 Adult Hindgut    43.5 Adult Malpighian Tubules    49.3 Adult Fat Body    40 Adult Salivary Gland    81.6 Adult Heart    42.6 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    49.7 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    58 Adult Ovary    71.1 Adult Testis    187.7 Adult Male Accessory Gland    60.3 Adult Carcass    38.2 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High  log, scaled to High level expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    139.875 Larval Midgut    46.4 Larval Hindgut    47.1 Larval Malpighian Tubules    64.4 Larval Fat Body    65.9 Larval Salivary Gland    85 Larval Trachea    95.475 Larval Carcass    60.8 Adult Head    43.5 Adult Eye    47.5 Adult Brain    84 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    73.7 Adult Crop    55.7 Adult Midgut    37.1 Adult Hindgut    43.5 Adult Malpighian Tubules    49.3 Adult Fat Body    40 Adult Salivary Gland    81.6 Adult Heart    42.6 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    49.7 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    58 Adult Ovary    71.1 Adult Testis    187.7 Adult Male Accessory Gland    60.3 Adult Carcass    38.2 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  log, scaled to Very high expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    139.875 Larval Midgut    46.4 Larval Hindgut    47.1 Larval Malpighian Tubules    64.4 Larval Fat Body    65.9 Larval Salivary Gland    85 Larval Trachea    95.475 Larval Carcass    60.8 Adult Head    43.5 Adult Eye    47.5 Adult Brain    84 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    73.7 Adult Crop    55.7 Adult Midgut    37.1 Adult Hindgut    43.5 Adult Malpighian Tubules    49.3 Adult Fat Body    40 Adult Salivary Gland    81.6 Adult Heart    42.6 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    49.7 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    58 Adult Ovary    71.1 Adult Testis    187.7 Adult Male Accessory Gland    60.3 Adult Carcass    38.2 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  Heatmap Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System     Larval Midgut     Larval Hindgut     Larval Malpighian Tubules     Larval Fat Body     Larval Salivary Gland     Larval Trachea     Larval Carcass     Adult Head     Adult Eye     Adult Brain     Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion     Adult Crop     Adult Midgut     Adult Hindgut     Adult Malpighian Tubules     Adult Fat Body     Adult Salivary Gland     Adult Heart     Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca     Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca     Adult Ovary     Adult Testis     Adult Male Accessory Gland     Adult Carcass     FlyAtlas Organ/Tissue Expression, larval vs. adult Larval Expression Level Tissue Adult Expression Level   NA  Head    43.5   NA  Eye    47.5   NA  Brain    84   139.875  Central Nervous System    NA   NA  Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    73.7   NA  Crop    55.7   46.4  Midgut    37.1   47.1  Hindgut    43.5   64.4  Malpighian Tubules    49.3   65.9  Fat Body    no informative data   85  Salivary Gland    no informative data   NA  Heart    42.6   95.475  Trachea    NA   NA  VirginFemale Spermatheca    49.7   NA  InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    58   NA  Ovary    71.1   NA  Testis    187.7   NA  Male Accessory Gland    60.3   60.8  Carcass    no informative data FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data (Chintapalli et al., 2007)
modENCODE Anatomy RNA-Seq
modENCODE Tissue Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_tissues)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    16 central nervous system, larvae L3    21 central nervous system, pupae P8    8 head, virgin 1-day female    3 head, virgin 4-day female    3 head, virgin 20-day female    4 head, mated 1-day female    3 head, mated 4-day female    3 head, mated 20-day female    3 head, mated 1-day male    5 head, mated 4-day male    4 head, mated 20-day male    5 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    0 salivary gland, white prepupae    4 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    3 digestive system, 1-day adult    3 digestive system, 4-day adult    3 digestive system, 20-day adult    4 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    2 fat body, white prepupae    5 fat body, pupae P8    4 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    13 carcass, 1-day adult    3 carcass, 4-day adult    3 carcass, 20-day adult    4 ovary, virgin 4-day female    10 ovary, mated 4-day female    9 testis, mated 4-day male    7 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    3 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    16 central nervous system, larvae L3    21 central nervous system, pupae P8    8 head, virgin 1-day female    3 head, virgin 4-day female    3 head, virgin 20-day female    4 head, mated 1-day female    3 head, mated 4-day female    3 head, mated 20-day female    3 head, mated 1-day male    5 head, mated 4-day male    4 head, mated 20-day male    5 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    0 salivary gland, white prepupae    4 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    3 digestive system, 1-day adult    3 digestive system, 4-day adult    3 digestive system, 20-day adult    4 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    2 fat body, white prepupae    5 fat body, pupae P8    4 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    13 carcass, 1-day adult    3 carcass, 4-day adult    3 carcass, 20-day adult    4 ovary, virgin 4-day female    10 ovary, mated 4-day female    9 testis, mated 4-day male    7 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    3 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    16 central nervous system, larvae L3    21 central nervous system, pupae P8    8 head, virgin 1-day female    3 head, virgin 4-day female    3 head, virgin 20-day female    4 head, mated 1-day female    3 head, mated 4-day female    3 head, mated 20-day female    3 head, mated 1-day male    5 head, mated 4-day male    4 head, mated 20-day male    5 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    0 salivary gland, white prepupae    4 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    3 digestive system, 1-day adult    3 digestive system, 4-day adult    3 digestive system, 20-day adult    4 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    2 fat body, white prepupae    5 fat body, pupae P8    4 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    13 carcass, 1-day adult    3 carcass, 4-day adult    3 carcass, 20-day adult    4 ovary, virgin 4-day female    10 ovary, mated 4-day female    9 testis, mated 4-day male    7 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    3 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    16 central nervous system, larvae L3    21 central nervous system, pupae P8    8 head, virgin 1-day female    3 head, virgin 4-day female    3 head, virgin 20-day female    4 head, mated 1-day female    3 head, mated 4-day female    3 head, mated 20-day female    3 head, mated 1-day male    5 head, mated 4-day male    4 head, mated 20-day male    5 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    0 salivary gland, white prepupae    4 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    3 digestive system, 1-day adult    3 digestive system, 4-day adult    3 digestive system, 20-day adult    4 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    2 fat body, white prepupae    5 fat body, pupae P8    4 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    13 carcass, 1-day adult    3 carcass, 4-day adult    3 carcass, 20-day adult    4 ovary, virgin 4-day female    10 ovary, mated 4-day female    9 testis, mated 4-day male    7 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    3 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    16 central nervous system, larvae L3    21 central nervous system, pupae P8    8 head, virgin 1-day female    3 head, virgin 4-day female    3 head, virgin 20-day female    4 head, mated 1-day female    3 head, mated 4-day female    3 head, mated 20-day female    3 head, mated 1-day male    5 head, mated 4-day male    4 head, mated 20-day male    5 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    0 salivary gland, white prepupae    4 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    3 digestive system, 1-day adult    3 digestive system, 4-day adult    3 digestive system, 20-day adult    4 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    2 fat body, white prepupae    5 fat body, pupae P8    4 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    13 carcass, 1-day adult    3 carcass, 4-day adult    3 carcass, 20-day adult    4 ovary, virgin 4-day female    10 ovary, mated 4-day female    9 testis, mated 4-day male    7 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    3 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    16 central nervous system, larvae L3    21 central nervous system, pupae P8    8 head, virgin 1-day female    3 head, virgin 4-day female    3 head, virgin 20-day female    4 head, mated 1-day female    3 head, mated 4-day female    3 head, mated 20-day female    3 head, mated 1-day male    5 head, mated 4-day male    4 head, mated 20-day male    5 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    0 salivary gland, white prepupae    4 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    3 digestive system, 1-day adult    3 digestive system, 4-day adult    3 digestive system, 20-day adult    4 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    2 fat body, white prepupae    5 fat body, pupae P8    4 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    13 carcass, 1-day adult    3 carcass, 4-day adult    3 carcass, 20-day adult    4 ovary, virgin 4-day female    10 ovary, mated 4-day female    9 testis, mated 4-day male    7 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    3 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    16 central nervous system, larvae L3    21 central nervous system, pupae P8    8 head, virgin 1-day female    3 head, virgin 4-day female    3 head, virgin 20-day female    4 head, mated 1-day female    3 head, mated 4-day female    3 head, mated 20-day female    3 head, mated 1-day male    5 head, mated 4-day male    4 head, mated 20-day male    5 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    0 salivary gland, white prepupae    4 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    3 digestive system, 1-day adult    3 digestive system, 4-day adult    3 digestive system, 20-day adult    4 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    2 fat body, white prepupae    5 fat body, pupae P8    4 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    13 carcass, 1-day adult    3 carcass, 4-day adult    3 carcass, 20-day adult    4 ovary, virgin 4-day female    10 ovary, mated 4-day female    9 testis, mated 4-day male    7 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    3 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    16 central nervous system, larvae L3    21 central nervous system, pupae P8    8 head, virgin 1-day female    3 head, virgin 4-day female    3 head, virgin 20-day female    4 head, mated 1-day female    3 head, mated 4-day female    3 head, mated 20-day female    3 head, mated 1-day male    5 head, mated 4-day male    4 head, mated 20-day male    5 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    0 salivary gland, white prepupae    4 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    3 digestive system, 1-day adult    3 digestive system, 4-day adult    3 digestive system, 20-day adult    4 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    2 fat body, white prepupae    5 fat body, pupae P8    4 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    13 carcass, 1-day adult    3 carcass, 4-day adult    3 carcass, 20-day adult    4 ovary, virgin 4-day female    10 ovary, mated 4-day female    9 testis, mated 4-day male    7 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    3 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering     central nervous system, larvae L3     central nervous system, pupae P8     head, virgin 1-day female     head, virgin 4-day female     head, virgin 20-day female     head, mated 1-day female     head, mated 4-day female     head, mated 20-day female     head, mated 1-day male     head, mated 4-day male     head, mated 20-day male     salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering     salivary gland, white prepupae     digestive system, larvae L3 wandering     digestive system, 1-day adult     digestive system, 4-day adult     digestive system, 20-day adult     fat body, larvae L3 wandering     fat body, white prepupae     fat body, pupae P8     carcass, larvae L3 wandering     carcass, 1-day adult     carcass, 4-day adult     carcass, 20-day adult     ovary, virgin 4-day female     ovary, mated 4-day female     testis, mated 4-day male     accessory gland, mated 4-day male
modENCODE Development RNA-Seq
modENCODE Temporal Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_U)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max Summary of modENCODE Temporal Expression Profile: Temporal profile ranges from a peak of moderately high expression to a trough of low expression. Peak expression observed within 00-12 hour embryonic stages, during early pupal stages. [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    15 embryo 02-04hr    14 embryo 04-06hr    36 embryo 06-08hr    35 embryo 08-10hr    25 embryo 10-12hr    15 embryo 12-14hr    15 embryo 14-16hr    14 embryo 16-18hr    9 embryo 18-20hr    8 embryo 20-22hr    6 embryo 22-24hr    5 larva L1    7 larva L2    5 larva L3 12hr old    5 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    7 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    14 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    12 white prepupae new    12 white prepupae 12hr    15 white prepupae 24hr    23 pupae 2d postWPP    11 pupae 3d postWPP    7 pupae 4d postWPP    7 adult male 01day    9 adult male 05day    11 adult male 30day    12 adult female 01day    10 adult female 05day    11 adult female 30day    12 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    15 embryo 02-04hr    14 embryo 04-06hr  (36) embryo 06-08hr  (35) embryo 08-10hr    25 embryo 10-12hr    15 embryo 12-14hr    15 embryo 14-16hr    14 embryo 16-18hr    9 embryo 18-20hr    8 embryo 20-22hr    6 embryo 22-24hr    5 larva L1    7 larva L2    5 larva L3 12hr old    5 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    7 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    14 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    12 white prepupae new    12 white prepupae 12hr    15 white prepupae 24hr    23 pupae 2d postWPP    11 pupae 3d postWPP    7 pupae 4d postWPP    7 adult male 01day    9 adult male 05day    11 adult male 30day    12 adult female 01day    10 adult female 05day    11 adult female 30day    12 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    15 embryo 02-04hr    14 embryo 04-06hr    36 embryo 06-08hr    35 embryo 08-10hr    25 embryo 10-12hr    15 embryo 12-14hr    15 embryo 14-16hr    14 embryo 16-18hr    9 embryo 18-20hr    8 embryo 20-22hr    6 embryo 22-24hr    5 larva L1    7 larva L2    5 larva L3 12hr old    5 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    7 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    14 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    12 white prepupae new    12 white prepupae 12hr    15 white prepupae 24hr    23 pupae 2d postWPP    11 pupae 3d postWPP    7 pupae 4d postWPP    7 adult male 01day    9 adult male 05day    11 adult male 30day    12 adult female 01day    10 adult female 05day    11 adult female 30day    12 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    15 embryo 02-04hr    14 embryo 04-06hr    36 embryo 06-08hr    35 embryo 08-10hr    25 embryo 10-12hr    15 embryo 12-14hr    15 embryo 14-16hr    14 embryo 16-18hr    9 embryo 18-20hr    8 embryo 20-22hr    6 embryo 22-24hr    5 larva L1    7 larva L2    5 larva L3 12hr old    5 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    7 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    14 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    12 white prepupae new    12 white prepupae 12hr    15 white prepupae 24hr    23 pupae 2d postWPP    11 pupae 3d postWPP    7 pupae 4d postWPP    7 adult male 01day    9 adult male 05day    11 adult male 30day    12 adult female 01day    10 adult female 05day    11 adult female 30day    12 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    15 embryo 02-04hr    14 embryo 04-06hr    36 embryo 06-08hr    35 embryo 08-10hr    25 embryo 10-12hr    15 embryo 12-14hr    15 embryo 14-16hr    14 embryo 16-18hr    9 embryo 18-20hr    8 embryo 20-22hr    6 embryo 22-24hr    5 larva L1    7 larva L2    5 larva L3 12hr old    5 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    7 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    14 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    12 white prepupae new    12 white prepupae 12hr    15 white prepupae 24hr    23 pupae 2d postWPP    11 pupae 3d postWPP    7 pupae 4d postWPP    7 adult male 01day    9 adult male 05day    11 adult male 30day    12 adult female 01day    10 adult female 05day    11 adult female 30day    12 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High  log, scaled to Moderate expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    15 embryo 02-04hr    14 embryo 04-06hr  (36) embryo 06-08hr  (35) embryo 08-10hr    25 embryo 10-12hr    15 embryo 12-14hr    15 embryo 14-16hr    14 embryo 16-18hr    9 embryo 18-20hr    8 embryo 20-22hr    6 embryo 22-24hr    5 larva L1    7 larva L2    5 larva L3 12hr old    5 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    7 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    14 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    12 white prepupae new    12 white prepupae 12hr    15 white prepupae 24hr    23 pupae 2d postWPP    11 pupae 3d postWPP    7 pupae 4d postWPP    7 adult male 01day    9 adult male 05day    11 adult male 30day    12 adult female 01day    10 adult female 05day    11 adult female 30day    12 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    15 embryo 02-04hr    14 embryo 04-06hr    36 embryo 06-08hr    35 embryo 08-10hr    25 embryo 10-12hr    15 embryo 12-14hr    15 embryo 14-16hr    14 embryo 16-18hr    9 embryo 18-20hr    8 embryo 20-22hr    6 embryo 22-24hr    5 larva L1    7 larva L2    5 larva L3 12hr old    5 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    7 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    14 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    12 white prepupae new    12 white prepupae 12hr    15 white prepupae 24hr    23 pupae 2d postWPP    11 pupae 3d postWPP    7 pupae 4d postWPP    7 adult male 01day    9 adult male 05day    11 adult male 30day    12 adult female 01day    10 adult female 05day    11 adult female 30day    12 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    15 embryo 02-04hr    14 embryo 04-06hr    36 embryo 06-08hr    35 embryo 08-10hr    25 embryo 10-12hr    15 embryo 12-14hr    15 embryo 14-16hr    14 embryo 16-18hr    9 embryo 18-20hr    8 embryo 20-22hr    6 embryo 22-24hr    5 larva L1    7 larva L2    5 larva L3 12hr old    5 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    7 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    14 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    12 white prepupae new    12 white prepupae 12hr    15 white prepupae 24hr    23 pupae 2d postWPP    11 pupae 3d postWPP    7 pupae 4d postWPP    7 adult male 01day    9 adult male 05day    11 adult male 30day    12 adult female 01day    10 adult female 05day    11 adult female 30day    12 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr     embryo 02-04hr     embryo 04-06hr     embryo 06-08hr     embryo 08-10hr     embryo 10-12hr     embryo 12-14hr     embryo 14-16hr     embryo 16-18hr     embryo 18-20hr     embryo 20-22hr     embryo 22-24hr     larva L1     larva L2     larva L3 12hr old     larva L3 puffstage 1-2     larva L3 puffstage 3-6     larva L3 puffstage 7-9     white prepupae new     white prepupae 12hr     white prepupae 24hr     pupae 2d postWPP     pupae 3d postWPP     pupae 4d postWPP     adult male 01day     adult male 05day     adult male 30day     adult female 01day     adult female 05day     adult female 30day     modENCODE Temporal Expression Data (Graveley et al., 2011)
modENCODE Cell Lines RNA-Seq
modENCODE Cell Line Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_cell.A) (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_cell.B)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    19 Schneider line 2 Sg4    16 embryonic 1182-4H    21 embryonic GM2    24 embryonic Kc167    10 embryonic S1    20 embryonic S3    22 leg disc CME L1    19 wing disc CME-W2    10 wing disc ML-DmD8    12 wing disc ML-DmD9    19 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    13 wing disc ML-DmD21    10 wing disc ML-DmD32    12 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    15 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    14 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    9 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    7 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    15 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    6 tumorous blood cells mbn2    6 ovary fGS/OSS    16 ovary OSC    15 ovary OSS    6 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    19 Schneider line 2 Sg4    16 embryonic 1182-4H    21 embryonic GM2    24 embryonic Kc167    10 embryonic S1    20 embryonic S3    22 leg disc CME L1    19 wing disc CME-W2    10 wing disc ML-DmD8    12 wing disc ML-DmD9    19 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    13 wing disc ML-DmD21    10 wing disc ML-DmD32    12 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    15 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    14 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    9 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    7 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    15 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    6 tumorous blood cells mbn2    6 ovary fGS/OSS    16 ovary OSC    15 ovary OSS    6 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    19 Schneider line 2 Sg4    16 embryonic 1182-4H    21 embryonic GM2    24 embryonic Kc167    10 embryonic S1    20 embryonic S3    22 leg disc CME L1    19 wing disc CME-W2    10 wing disc ML-DmD8    12 wing disc ML-DmD9    19 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    13 wing disc ML-DmD21    10 wing disc ML-DmD32    12 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    15 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    14 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    9 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    7 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    15 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    6 tumorous blood cells mbn2    6 ovary fGS/OSS    16 ovary OSC    15 ovary OSS    6 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    19 Schneider line 2 Sg4    16 embryonic 1182-4H    21 embryonic GM2    24 embryonic Kc167    10 embryonic S1    20 embryonic S3    22 leg disc CME L1    19 wing disc CME-W2    10 wing disc ML-DmD8    12 wing disc ML-DmD9    19 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    13 wing disc ML-DmD21    10 wing disc ML-DmD32    12 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    15 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    14 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    9 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    7 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    15 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    6 tumorous blood cells mbn2    6 ovary fGS/OSS    16 ovary OSC    15 ovary OSS    6 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    19 Schneider line 2 Sg4    16 embryonic 1182-4H    21 embryonic GM2    24 embryonic Kc167    10 embryonic S1    20 embryonic S3    22 leg disc CME L1    19 wing disc CME-W2    10 wing disc ML-DmD8    12 wing disc ML-DmD9    19 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    13 wing disc ML-DmD21    10 wing disc ML-DmD32    12 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    15 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    14 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    9 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    7 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    15 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    6 tumorous blood cells mbn2    6 ovary fGS/OSS    16 ovary OSC    15 ovary OSS    6 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to Moderate expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    19 Schneider line 2 Sg4    16 embryonic 1182-4H    21 embryonic GM2    24 embryonic Kc167    10 embryonic S1    20 embryonic S3    22 leg disc CME L1    19 wing disc CME-W2    10 wing disc ML-DmD8    12 wing disc ML-DmD9    19 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    13 wing disc ML-DmD21    10 wing disc ML-DmD32    12 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    15 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    14 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    9 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    7 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    15 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    6 tumorous blood cells mbn2    6 ovary fGS/OSS    16 ovary OSC    15 ovary OSS    6 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    19 Schneider line 2 Sg4    16 embryonic 1182-4H    21 embryonic GM2    24 embryonic Kc167    10 embryonic S1    20 embryonic S3    22 leg disc CME L1    19 wing disc CME-W2    10 wing disc ML-DmD8    12 wing disc ML-DmD9    19 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    13 wing disc ML-DmD21    10 wing disc ML-DmD32    12 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    15 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    14 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    9 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    7 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    15 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    6 tumorous blood cells mbn2    6 ovary fGS/OSS    16 ovary OSC    15 ovary OSS    6 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    19 Schneider line 2 Sg4    16 embryonic 1182-4H    21 embryonic GM2    24 embryonic Kc167    10 embryonic S1    20 embryonic S3    22 leg disc CME L1    19 wing disc CME-W2    10 wing disc ML-DmD8    12 wing disc ML-DmD9    19 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    13 wing disc ML-DmD21    10 wing disc ML-DmD32    12 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    15 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    14 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    9 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    7 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    15 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    6 tumorous blood cells mbn2    6 ovary fGS/OSS    16 ovary OSC    15 ovary OSS    6 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+     Schneider line 2 Sg4     embryonic 1182-4H     embryonic GM2     embryonic Kc167     embryonic S1     embryonic S3     leg disc CME L1     wing disc CME-W2     wing disc ML-DmD8     wing disc ML-DmD9     wing disc ML-DmD16-c3     wing disc ML-DmD21     wing disc ML-DmD32     haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3     eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11     antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5     mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1     CNS ML-DmBG1-c1     CNS ML-DmBG2-c2     tumorous blood cells mbn2     ovary fGS/OSS     ovary OSC     ovary OSS
modENCODE Treatments RNA-Seq
modENCODE Treatment Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_treatments)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    7 cold shock, 4-day adult    6 heat shock, 4-day adult    5 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    2 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    4 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    7 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    4 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    3 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    4 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    9 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    2 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    2 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    2 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    6 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    6 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    6 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    9 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    2 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    7 cold shock, 4-day adult    6 heat shock, 4-day adult    5 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    2 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    4 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    7 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    4 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    3 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    4 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    9 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    2 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    2 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    2 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    6 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    6 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    6 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    9 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    2 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    7 cold shock, 4-day adult    6 heat shock, 4-day adult    5 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    2 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    4 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    7 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    4 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    3 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    4 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    9 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    2 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    2 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    2 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    6 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    6 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    6 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    9 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    2 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    7 cold shock, 4-day adult    6 heat shock, 4-day adult    5 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    2 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    4 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    7 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    4 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    3 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    4 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    9 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    2 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    2 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    2 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    6 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    6 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    6 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    9 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    2 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    7 cold shock, 4-day adult    6 heat shock, 4-day adult    5 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    2 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    4 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    7 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    4 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    3 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    4 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    9 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    2 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    2 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    2 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    6 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    6 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    6 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    9 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    2 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate  log, scaled to Moderate expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    7 cold shock, 4-day adult    6 heat shock, 4-day adult    5 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    2 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    4 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    7 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    4 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    3 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    4 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    9 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    2 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    2 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    2 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    6 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    6 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    6 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    9 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    2 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    7 cold shock, 4-day adult    6 heat shock, 4-day adult    5 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    2 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    4 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    7 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    4 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    3 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    4 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    9 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    2 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    2 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    2 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    6 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    6 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    6 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    9 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    2 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    7 cold shock, 4-day adult    6 heat shock, 4-day adult    5 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    2 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    4 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    7 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    4 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    3 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    4 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    9 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    2 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    2 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    2 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    6 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    6 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    6 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    9 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    2 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult     cold shock, 4-day adult     heat shock, 4-day adult     Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3     Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3     Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3     Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3     Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3     Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3     Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3     Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3     Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3     Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3
Expression Clusters
	A cluster of genes with similar mRNA expression dynamics across development. (The modENCODE Consortium, 2010, Graveley et al., 2011) mE2_34_mRNA_expression_cluster_21 mE1_20_mRNA_expression_cluster_09
External Data & Images
Linkouts	FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies • FBgn0001324 FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array • CG8491-RA
Alleles & Phenotypes
Summary of Allele Phenotypes
Lethality Allele lethal | partially, with Scer\GAL4da.G32 ktoScer\UAS.cJa lethal | recessive kto1 partially lethal - majority die | pupal stage, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237 ktoGD13207 Other Phenotypes Allele visible, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237 ktoGD13207 visible, with Scer\GAL4vg.PM ktoScer\UAS.cJa visible | somatic clone kto32E16 kto33AC9 kto33AC20 kto33D19 kto144 kto1251 Phenotype manifest in Allele antennal disc ktoT241 ktoT555 ktoT631 eye | somatic clone - Minute background ktoT241 eye disc ktoT241 ktoT555 ktoT631 heart primordium ktodsRNA.cKa ktodsRNA.si.cKa leg | somatic clone - Minute background ktoT241 mesothoracic bristle | somatic clone ktoT241 mesothoracic bristle | somatic clone - Minute background ktoT241 mesothoracic tergum, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237 ktoGD13207 photoreceptor cell ktoT241 ktoT555 ktoT631 prothoracic tarsal segment | somatic clone ktoT241 sex comb tooth | somatic clone ktoT241 trichogen cell, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237 ktoGD13207 wing | somatic clone kto32E16 kto33D19 kto33AC9 kto33AC20 kto144 kto1251 wing disc | somatic clone ktoT241 ktounspecified wing disc | somatic clone, with Scer\GAL4αTub84B.PL ktoScer\UAS.cJa wing margin, with Scer\GAL4vg.PM ktoScer\UAS.cJa
Classical Alleles ( 14 )
For All Classical Alleles Show
Allele of kto Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion kto1 hypomorphic allele - genetic evidence ethyl methanesulfonate 3 -- kto1251 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- kto12 0 -- kto144 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- kto32E16 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- kto33AC20 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- kto33AC9 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- kto33D19 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- kto3 0 -- ktoT241 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 Yes ktoT555 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 Yes ktoT631 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 Yes ktoT663 0 -- ktounspecified 0 --
Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs ( 8 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Allele of kto Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion ktoGD13207 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 2 Yes ktoHMS01062 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 1 Yes ktoa.cKa in vitro construct - RNAi 0 Yes ktocKa in vitro construct - RNAi 0 Yes ktodsRNA.cKa in vitro construct - RNAi 0 Yes ktodsRNA.si.cKa in vitro construct - RNAi 0 Yes ktoNIG.8491R in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes ktoScer\UAS.cJa in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes
Aneuploid Aberrations
Disrupted in	Df(3L)25-21 (Veraksa et al., 2002, de Ayala Alonso et al., 2007, Cooper et al., 2010) Df(3L)A23 (Cooper et al., 2010) Df(3L)ash1A16 (Cooper et al., 2010) Df(3L)BSC2 (Bloomington Drosophila Stock Center, 1999.2.23, de Ayala Alonso et al., 2007, Cooper et al., 2010) Df(3L)BSC445 (Christensen et al., 2008.4.15, Cooper et al., 2010) Df(3L)BSC552 (Christensen et al., 2008.7.11) Df(3L)ED228 (de Ayala Alonso et al., 2007, Cooper et al., 2010) Df(3L)ED229 (de Ayala Alonso et al., 2007) Df(3L)Exel9007 (Cooper et al., 2010) Df(3L)Exel9008 (Cooper et al., 2010) Df(3L)Exel9009 (Cooper et al., 2010) Df(3L)kto2 (Veraksa et al., 2002, Zhu et al., 2005, Gross and McGinnis, 1996, Cooper et al., 2010) Df(3L)kto22 (Cooper et al., 2010) Df(3L)XS411 (de Ayala Alonso et al., 2007, Cooper et al., 2010) Df(3L)XS533 (Cooper et al., 2010) Df(3L)XS543 (Cooper et al., 2010) Df(3L)XS572 (de Ayala Alonso et al., 2007, Cooper et al., 2010) Df(3L)XS705 (de Ayala Alonso et al., 2007, Cooper et al., 2010) Df(3L)XS917 (Cooper et al., 2010) Df(3L)XS2182 (Cooper et al., 2010)
Not disrupted in	Df(3L)BSC1 (Bloomington Drosophila Stock Center, 1999.2.23) Df(3L)BSC20 (Cooper et al., 2010) Df(3L)BSC417 (Cooper et al., 2010) Df(3L)ED4799 (Cooper et al., 2010) Df(3L)ED4858 (Cooper et al., 2010) Df(3L)Exel6135 (Cooper et al., 2010) Df(3L)Exel9011 (Cooper et al., 2010) Df(3L)Exel9045 (Cooper et al., 2010) Df(3L)Exel9046 (Cooper et al., 2010) Df(3L)pipeA13 (Cooper et al., 2010)
Transgenic Constructs & Insertions
Transgenic Constructs
	Type of construct Name Expression data UAS construct P{GD13207} NA P{TRiP.HMS01062} NA P{UAS-kto.J} NA
Insertions
	Type of insertions Name Expression data
Gene Ontology: Function, Process & Cellular Component ( 12 unique terms )
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence ( 9 terms )
Molecular Function
CV term Evidence References
protein binding inferred from physical interaction with UniProtKB:P25008 (assigned by UniProtKB) (Loncle et al., 2007) inferred from physical interaction with UniProtKB:Q7KTX8 (assigned by UniProtKB) (Janody et al., 2003) inferred from physical interaction with UniProtKB:Q9VT57 (assigned by UniProtKB) (Loncle et al., 2007) RNA polymerase II transcription cofactor activity inferred from direct assay (assigned by UniProtKB) (Janody et al., 2003)
Biological Process
CV term Evidence References
chaeta development inferred from mutant phenotype (Loncle et al., 2007) compound eye development inferred from mutant phenotype (Loncle et al., 2007) imaginal disc-derived leg segmentation inferred from mutant phenotype (Loncle et al., 2007) positive regulation of Wnt receptor signaling pathway inferred from mutant phenotype (Carrera et al., 2008) regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter inferred from direct assay (assigned by UniProtKB) (Janody et al., 2003) sex comb development inferred from mutant phenotype (Loncle et al., 2007)
Cellular Component
CV term Evidence References
mediator complex inferred from direct assay (assigned by UniProtKB) (Janody et al., 2003) inferred from physical interaction with Cdk8, CycC (Loncle et al., 2007)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions ( 5 terms )
Molecular Function
CV term Evidence References
RNA polymerase II transcription cofactor activity inferred from sequence or structural similarity (Boube et al., 2000) non-traceable author statement (FlyBase, 1992-)
Biological Process
CV term Evidence References
transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter non-traceable author statement (FlyBase, 1992-) transcription initiation from RNA polymerase II promoter inferred from sequence or structural similarity (Boube et al., 2000)
Cellular Component
CV term Evidence References
mediator complex inferred from sequence or structural similarity (Boube et al., 2000) non-traceable author statement (FlyBase, 1992-) nucleus non-traceable author statement (FlyBase, 1992-)
Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene
	nuclear_gene   protein_coding_gene
Interactions & Pathways
Summary of Physical Interactions
protein-protein
Interacting group Assay References
kto - CG12493 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) kto - CG14480 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) kto - CG15625 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) kto - CG5623 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) kto - MED14 experimental knowledge based (Guruharsha et al., 2011) kto - fan anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) kto - fh anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) kto - skd experimental knowledge based (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
Summary of Genetic Interactions
Interacts with	Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions kto allele Gene References kto1 BEAF-32 (Yamaguchi et al., 2001) corto (Lopez et al., 2001) CycE (Brumby et al., 2002) E(z) (Bajusz et al., 2001) Kr (Sollars et al., 2003) os (Bach et al., 2003) Pc (Kennison and Tamkun, 1988) ktoScer\UAS.cJa skd (Janody et al., 2003) unspecified Antp (Kennison and Tamkun, 1988) ph-p (Fauvarque et al., 1995)
External Data
Linkouts	BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions • 69311 DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions. • FBgn0001324 InterologFinder Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets. • 44830
Orthologs
OrthoDB Orthologs (43) - based on analysis using Dmel annotation version 5.41
OrthoDB Ortholog Groups
	OrthoDB orthology group searches (Waterhouse et al., 2011, Nucleic Acids Res. 39(Database issue): D283--D288) Drosophila inclusive ortholog search EOG6NZVCK Dipteran inclusive ortholog search EOG62NJ78 Insect inclusive ortholog search EOG67WMHG Arthropod inclusive ortholog search EOG6FBG7Q Metazoa inclusive ortholog search EOG676XRV
Orthologs in Drosophila Species (EOG6NZVCK)
Organism Common Name Gene AAA Syntenic Ortholog Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly  Dmel\kto     Drosophila simulans   Dsim\GD14832 Y   Drosophila sechellia   Dsec\GM19665 Y   Drosophila erecta   Dere\GG16062 Y   Drosophila yakuba   Dyak\GE19628 Y   Drosophila ananassae   Dana\GF23597 Y   Drosophila pseudoobscura pseudoobscura   Dpse\GA21114 Y   Drosophila persimilis   Dper\GL15740 Y   Drosophila willistoni   Dwil\GK16973 Y   Drosophila virilis   Dvir\GJ11327 Y   Drosophila mojavensis   Dmoj\GI11646 Y   Drosophila grimshawi   Dgri\GH14662 Y
Orthologs in non-Drosophila Dipterans (EOG62NJ78)
Organism Common Name Gene Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Aedes aegypti Yellow fever mosquito  Aaeg\AAEL008244   Anopheles gambiae Malaria mosquito  Agam\AGAP002523   Culex quinquefasciatus Southern house mosquito  Cqui\CPIJ013223
Orthologs in non-Dipteran Insects (EOG67WMHG)
Organism Common Name Gene Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Apis mellifera Western honey bee  Amel\GB45373   Nasonia vitripennis Parasitic wasp  Nvit\Nasvi2EG009942   Acromyrmex echinatior Panamanian leafcutter ant  Aech\AECH23726   Atta cephalotes Leafcutter ant  Acep\ACEP12684   Camponotus floridanus Florida carpenter ant  Cflo\CFLO20904   Harpegnathos saltator Jerdons jumping ant  Hsal\HSAL14783   Linepithema humile Argentine ant  Lhum\LH16113   Pogonomyrmex barbatus Red harvester ant  Pbar\PB19896   Solenopsis invicta Red fire ant  Sinv\SINV15361   Acyrthosiphon pisum Pea aphid  Apim\ACYPI010217   Bombyx mori Silkmoth  Bmor\BGIBMGA007554   Pediculus humanus Human body louse  Phum\PHUM489830   Tribolium castaneum Red flour beetle  Tcas\TC014560
Orthologs in non-Insect Arthropods (EOG6FBG7Q)
Organism Common Name Gene Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Daphnia pulex Water flea  Dpux\JGI_V11_202343   Ixodes scapularis Deer tick  Isca\ISCW006114
Orthologs in non-Arthropod Metazoa (EOG676XRV)
Organism Common Name Gene Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Caenorhabditis elegans Nematode  Cele\dpy-22   Strongylocentrotus purpuratus Purple sea urchin  Spur\SPU_014130gn   Strongylocentrotus purpuratus Purple sea urchin  Spur\SPU_022847gn   Danio rerio Zebrafish  Drer\med12   Xenopus tropicalis Western clawed frog  Xtro\ENSXETG00000031593   Gallus gallus Domestic chicken  Ggal\MED12   Gallus gallus Domestic chicken  Ggal\MED12L   Mus musculus House mouse  Mmus\ENSMUSG00000056476   Mus musculus House mouse  Mmus\Med12   Rattus norvegicus Norway rat  Rnor\Med12   Rattus norvegicus Norway rat  Rnor\ENSRNOG00000010680   Homo sapiens Human  Hsap\ENSG00000184634   Homo sapiens Human  Hsap\ENSG00000144893
Human Orthologs (2)
Gene OMIM HGNC Hsap\ENSG00000184634     Hsap\ENSG00000144893
AAA Orthologs (11) based on analysis using Dmel annotation version 4.3
Organism Gene Drosophila simulans Dsim\GD14832 Drosophila sechellia Dsec\GM19665 Drosophila erecta Dere\GG16062 Drosophila yakuba Dyak\GE19628 Drosophila ananassae Dana\GF23597 Drosophila pseudoobscura pseudoobscura Dpse\GA21114 Drosophila persimilis Dper\GL15740 Drosophila willistoni Dwil\GK16973 Drosophila virilis Dvir\GJ11327 Drosophila mojavensis Dmoj\GI11646 Drosophila grimshawi Dgri\GH14662
Stocks & Reagents
Stocks Listed in FlyBase ( 6 )
Bloomington	3618 kto1 ca1/TM6B, Tb1 34588 y1 sc* v1; P{TRiP.HMS01062}attP2
Kyoto	107132 kto1 ca1/TM6B, Tb1 101675 kto1 ca1 / TM6B, Tb1
VDRC	v23142 w1118; P{GD13207}v23142 v23143 w1118; P{GD13207}v23143
Genomic Clones ( 2 )
	BACR01B21 BACR13N10 Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete
cDNA Clones ( 12 )
	Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see GBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.
cDNA Clones, Fully Sequenced
BDGP DGC clones	AT01988 SD08305
Other clones	FI11065
cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
BDGP DGC clones	AT04615 AT20674 AT23094 AT23621 LP12010 LP16008
Other clones	99675 AT26191 EK222323
RNAi & Array Information
Linkouts	DRSC - Results from RNAi screens. • FBgn0001324 GenomeRNAi - GenomeRNAi – A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents • 44830
Antibody Information
	polyclonal (Janody et al., 2003)
Other Information
Discoverer
Etymology
Identification
Relationship to Other Genes
Source for database identity of
Source for database merge of	Source for merge of: kto CG8491 (FlyBase, 1996-)
Additional comments	Source for merge of kto CG8491 was sequence comparison (date:010116). (FlyBase, 1996-)
Other Comments
	Both skd and kto are required to establish normal cell affinity differences at the anterior-posterior and dorsal-ventral compartment boundaries of the wing disc. (Janody et al., 2003) skd and kto seem to act together to promote specific cell fate decisions, transmitting either a novel signal or a combination of signals. (Treisman, 2001) Sections of the Scr regulatory region may be important for regulation of Scr by Polycomb- and trithorax-group genes. (Gindhart and Kaufman, 1995) kto is one of the 18 loci identified in a screen for dominant modifiers of Pc and/or Antp phenotypes. Alleles of Pc, Pcl, Scm, Dll, brm, kto, Scr and trx show clear dominant enhancement or suppression of AntpScx, whereas alleles of vtd, Vha55, Su(Pc)37D, urd, mor, skd and osa do not. (Kennison and Tamkun, 1988)
External Crossreferences & Linkouts
Sequence Crossreferences
	RefSeq (Transcripts) • NM_080047 NM_001259906 RefSeq (Proteins) • NP_524786 NP_001246835 DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank • AAF49103 AAG48328 AAM52769 AF324426 AFH04506 AI542171 AY122257 Entrez Gene - A searchable database of RefSeq genes. • 44830 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot • Q9VW47
Other Crossreferences
	InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites • Mediator complex, subunit Med12 (IPR019035) Mediator complex, subunit Med12, LCEWAV-domain (IPR021990)
Linkouts
	BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions • 69311 DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions. • FBgn0001324 DRSC - Results from RNAi screens. • FBgn0001324 FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies • FBgn0001324 FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array • CG8491-RA FlyMine - Integrated genomics database for Drosophila, Anopheles, and C.elegans • FBgn0001324 GenomeRNAi - GenomeRNAi – A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents • 44830 InterologFinder Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets. • 44830 modMine - Data generated by the modENCODE project. • FBgn0001324
Synonyms & Secondary IDs ( 17 )
Reported As
Symbol Synonym	CG8491 (Kim et al., 2004, Boube et al., 2000, Holloway et al., 2008, Gim et al., 2001, Ni et al., 2010.12.1) dTRAP230 (Park et al., 2001, Boube et al., 2000) dTrap230 (Gim et al., 2001) Kto (Bourbon et al., 2004, Guglielmi et al., 2004, Lim et al., 2007) kto (Holloway et al., 2008, Christensen et al., 2008.7.11, Hirose et al., 2001, Christensen et al., 2008.4.15, de Ayala Alonso et al., 2007, Smulders-Srinivasan et al., 2010, Vázquez et al., 2008, Petruk et al., 2008, Carrera et al., 2008, Saj et al., 2010, Cooper et al., 2010, Bhatia et al., 2010, Wasbrough et al., 2010, Wang et al., 2012) Kto/Med12 (Loncle et al., 2005) l(3)76BDc (Cooper et al., 2010) MED12 (Kim et al., 2004, Bourbon et al., 2004, Kim and Lis, 2005, Stadeli, 2006) Med12 (Kim et al., 2004, Kim and Lis, 2005, Loncle et al., 2007, Gobert et al., 2010) med12/kto (Terriente-Félix et al., 2010) siren1 (de Ayala Alonso et al., 2007) SRB8 (Boube et al., 2000) Srb8/KTO/TRAP230 (Boube et al., 2002) Trap230 (Johnson et al., 2001, Kim and Lis, 2005)
Name Synonym	khotalo (Sollars et al., 2003) kohtalo (Kim and Lis, 2005, Lim et al., 2007, Carrera et al., 2008) Mediator complex subunit 12 (Bourbon et al., 2004)
Secondary FlyBase IDs
	FBgn0036912
References ( 92 )
Generate a list of	All references relating to this gene ( 92 )
List References by type	Research paper  ( 52 ) Supplementary material  ( 5 ) Review  ( 8 ) Personal communication to FlyBase  ( 7 ) Abstract  ( 13 ) FlyBase analysis  ( 2 ) Letter  ( 1 ) DNA/RNA sequence record  ( 2 ) Curated genome annotation  ( 2 )
Recent research papers ( 2 )
	Baradaran-Heravi et al., 2012, Hum. Mol. Genet. 21(11): 2572--2587 Penetrance of biallelic SMARCAL1 mutations is associated with environmental and genetic disturbances of gene expression. [FBrf0218299] Wang et al., 2012, Nat. Commun. 3: 769 Drosophila follicle stem cells are regulated by proliferation and niche adhesion as well as mitochondria and ROS. [FBrf0217898] Show all research papers ...
Recent reviews (0)
	All reviews listed in FlyBase were published before 2011 Show reviews ...