FB2020_01, released Feb 12, 2020

Gene: Dmel\esg

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General Information
Symbol
Dmel\esg
Species
D. melanogaster
Name
escargot
Annotation Symbol
CG3758
Feature Type
protein_coding_gene
FlyBase ID
FBgn0001981
Gene Model Status
Current
Stock Availability
35 publicly available
Gene Snapshot
escargot (esg) encodes a Snail-type transcription factor that contributes to stem cell maintenance, tracheal morphogenesis and neuroblast differentiation. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-07]
Other Summaries
Also Known As

l(2)35Ce, dgl, l(2)br43, Fusion-1, fleabag

Key Links
Genomic Location
Cytogenetic map
35D2-35D2
Sequence location
2L:15,333,866..15,336,138 [+]
Recombination map

2-51

RefSeq locus
NT_033779 REGION:15333866..15336138
Sequence
Get Decorated FASTA
Genomic Maps
Other Genome Views
The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.
NCBI
UCSC
Ensembl
PopFly
Function
GO Summary Ribbons
Gene Group (FlyBase)
Protein Family (UniProt)
Belongs to the snail C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family. (P25932)
Protein Signatures (InterPro)
Molecular Function (GO)
[Detailed GO annotations]
Experimental Evidence
DNA binding; DNA-binding transcription repressor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific; RNA polymerase II regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding
Predictions / Assertions
-
Summaries
Gene Group (FlyBase)
C2H2 ZINC FINGER TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS -
Zinc finger C2H2 transcription factors are sequence-specific DNA binding proteins that regulate transcription. They possess DNA-binding domains that are formed from repeated Cys2His2 zinc finger motifs. (Adapted from PMID:1835093, FBrf0220103 and FBrf0155739).
Protein Function (UniProtKB)
Transcription factor that can both stimulate and repress transcription. Binds to the consensus DNA sequence 5'-A/GCAGGTG-3'. Regulates cell motility and adhesion during tracheal morphogenesis by stimulating transcription of the DE-cadherin gene shg at branch tips, thereby promoting tracheal tube fusion. Maintains diploidy in imaginal cells by inhibiting the transcription of genes required for endoreplication. Required for development of the genital disk and acts as an intrinsic determinant of wing cell fate. The somatic protein is required for maintenance of male germ cells. Acts with other members of the snail protein family to control embryonic central nervous system development.
(UniProt, P25932)
Summary (Interactive Fly)

transcription factor - zinc finger - regulates the cell cycle in histoblasts - Escargot and Scratch regulate neural commitment by antagonizing Notch-activity in sensory organs - controls the sequential specification of two tracheal tip cell types by suppressing FGF signaling

Gene Model and Products
Number of Transcripts
1
Number of Unique Polypeptides
1

Please see the GBrowse view of Dmel\esg or the JBrowse view of Dmel\esg for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)
Isoform displayed:
Pfam protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Protein Domains (via SMART)
Isoform displayed:
SMART protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Comments on Gene Model

Gene model reviewed during 5.52

Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene
nuclear_gene
protein_coding_gene
Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name
FlyBase ID
RefSeq ID
Length (nt)
Assoc. CDS (aa)
esg-RA
FBtr0080734
NM_057252
2273
470
Additional Transcript Data and Comments
Reported size (kB)

2.3 (northern blot)

(Whiteley et al., 1992)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name
FlyBase ID
Predicted MW (kDa)
Length (aa)
Theoretical pI
RefSeq ID
GenBank
esg-PA
FBpp0080293
52.0
470
6.87
NP_476600
AAF53458
Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

There is only one protein coding transcript and one polypeptide associated with this gene

Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments
Reported size (kDa)

470 (aa)

(Whiteley et al., 1992)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
Linkouts
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\esg using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data
Crossreferences
Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
Linkouts
Gene Ontology (26 terms)
Molecular Function (3 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (3 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
DNA binding
inferred from direct assay
(assigned by UniProt )
(Fuse et al., 1996, Fuse et al., 1994)
DNA-binding transcription repressor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific
inferred from direct assay
(Fuse et al., 1994)
inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:sc; FB:FBgn0004170
(Li et al., 2017)
RNA polymerase II regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding
inferred from direct assay
(Li et al., 2017)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (0 terms)
Biological Process (22 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (22 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
asymmetric neuroblast division
inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:wor; FB:FBgn0001983, FLYBASE:sna; FB:FBgn0003448
(Cai et al., 2003)
branch fusion, open tracheal system
inferred from mutant phenotype
(assigned by UniProt )
(Tanaka-Matakatsu et al., 1996)
cell fate determination
inferred from mutant phenotype
(assigned by UniProt )
(Fuse et al., 1996)
cell fate specification
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Voog et al., 2008)
central nervous system development
inferred from mutant phenotype
(assigned by UniProt )
(Ashraf et al., 1999)
inferred from genetic interaction with UniProtKB:P08044
(assigned by UniProt )
(Ashraf et al., 1999)
epithelial cell migration, open tracheal system
inferred from mutant phenotype
(assigned by UniProt )
(Tanaka-Matakatsu et al., 1996)
genital disc development
inferred from mutant phenotype
(assigned by UniProt )
(Fuse et al., 1996)
germ-line stem cell population maintenance
inferred from mutant phenotype
(assigned by UniProt )
(Streit et al., 2002)
gravitaxis
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Armstrong et al., 2006)
intestinal stem cell homeostasis
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Li et al., 2017)
maintenance of imaginal histoblast diploidy
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Hayashi et al., 1993)
inferred from mutant phenotype
(assigned by UniProt )
(Fuse et al., 1994)
negative regulation of DNA endoreduplication
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Fuse et al., 1994)
negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II
inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:sc; FB:FBgn0004170
(Li et al., 2017)
inferred from direct assay
(Fuse et al., 1994)
negative regulation of transcription, DNA-templated
inferred from direct assay
(assigned by UniProt )
(Fuse et al., 1994)
open tracheal system development
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Wang et al., 2010)
positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II
inferred from mutant phenotype
(assigned by UniProt )
(Tanaka-Matakatsu et al., 1996)
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Ashraf et al., 1999)
positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated
inferred from mutant phenotype
(assigned by UniProt )
(Tanaka-Matakatsu et al., 1996)
regulation of compound eye pigmentation
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Lim and Tomlinson, 2006)
regulation of neural precursor cell proliferation
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Bahrampour et al., 2017)
response to nicotine
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Sanchez-Díaz et al., 2015)
somatic stem cell population maintenance
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Li et al., 2017)
wing disc development
inferred from mutant phenotype
(assigned by UniProt )
(Fuse et al., 1996)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (0 terms)
Cellular Component (1 term)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
nucleus
inferred from direct assay
(Fuse et al., 1994)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
nucleus
inferred by curator from GO:0003677
(assigned by UniProt )
(Fuse et al., 1996)
Expression Data
Expression Summary Ribbons
Colored tiles in ribbon indicate that expression data has been curated by FlyBase for that anatomical location. Colorless tiles indicate that there is no curated data for that location.
For complete stage-specific expression data, view the modENCODE Development RNA-Seq section under High-Throughput Expression below.
Transcript Expression
in situ
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
third instar larval stage
central nervous system
(Hayashi et al., 1993)
imaginal disc
(Hayashi et al., 1993)
embryonic stage 14 -- 16
ventral thoracic disc | presumptive
(Hayashi et al., 1993)
wing disc | presumptive
(Hayashi et al., 1993)
dorsal metathoracic disc primordium
(Hayashi et al., 1993)
histoblast nest
(Hayashi et al., 1993)
head
(Hayashi et al., 1993)
embryonic stage 14
embryonic/larval trachea
(Hayashi et al., 1993)
central nervous system
(Hayashi et al., 1993)
adult midgut progenitor cell
(Takashima et al., 2011)
embryonic stage 15 -- 17
gonad

Comment: somatic cells

(Streit et al., 2002)
embryonic stage 4 -- 6
central brain anlage in statu nascendi
(Fisher et al., 2012)
dorsal ectoderm anlage

Comment: anlage in statu nascendi

(Fisher et al., 2012)
ventral ectoderm anlage

Comment: anlage in statu nascendi

(Fisher et al., 2012)
antennal anlage in statu nascendi

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm anlage in statu nascendi

(Fisher et al., 2012)
dorsal head epidermis anlage in statu nascendi

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm anlage in statu nascendi

(Fisher et al., 2012)
visual anlage in statu nascendi

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm anlage in statu nascendi

(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 7 -- 8
antennal anlage

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm anlage

(Fisher et al., 2012)
central brain anlage

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm anlage

(Fisher et al., 2012)
dorsal head epidermis anlage

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm anlage

(Fisher et al., 2012)
visual anlage

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm anlage

(Fisher et al., 2012)
dorsal ectoderm
(Fisher et al., 2012)
ventral ectoderm
(Fisher et al., 2012)
mesectoderm anlage | subset
(Kearney et al., 2004)
embryonic stage 9 -- 10
antennal primordium

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)
central brain primordium

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)
visual primordium

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)
dorsal head epidermis primordium

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)
lateral head epidermis primordium

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)
ventral head epidermis primordium

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)
anterior endoderm
(Fisher et al., 2012)
dorsal ectoderm
(Fisher et al., 2012)
posterior endoderm
(Fisher et al., 2012)
ventral ectoderm
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 11 -- 12
antennal primordium

Comment: reported as procephalon primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)
central brain primordium

Comment: reported as procephalon primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)
dorsal head epidermis primordium

Comment: reported as head epidermis primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)
lateral head epidermis primordium

Comment: reported as head epidermis primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)
ventral head epidermis primordium

Comment: reported as head epidermis primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)
visual primordium

Comment: reported as procephalon primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)
anterior midgut primordium
(Fisher et al., 2012)
dorsal imaginal tissue

Comment: reported as dorsal imaginal precursor specific anlage

(Fisher et al., 2012)
midline primordium
(Fisher et al., 2012)
posterior midgut primordium
(Fisher et al., 2012)
ventral imaginal tissue

Comment: reported as ventral imaginal precursor specific anlage

(Fisher et al., 2012)
ventral nerve cord primordium
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 13 -- 16
clypeo-labral disc primordium
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic primordium of adult eye
(Fisher et al., 2012)
atrium
(Fisher et al., 2012)
dorsal imaginal tissue
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic head epidermis
(Fisher et al., 2012)
ventral imaginal tissue
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 9
midline primordium
(Wheeler et al., 2006)
embryonic stage 11
ventral midline
(Wheeler et al., 2006)
cardiogenic mesoderm
(Ahmad et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 9 -- 12
midline primordium | subset
(Kearney et al., 2004)
embryonic stage 10 -- 11
posterior endoderm
(Takashima et al., 2011)
northern blot
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
embryonic stage 8 -- 9
ventral neurectoderm
(Whiteley et al., 1992)
embryonic stage 16
histoblast
(Whiteley et al., 1992)
haltere disc
(Whiteley et al., 1992)
wing disc
(Whiteley et al., 1992)
genital disc
(Whiteley et al., 1992)
prothoracic leg disc
(Whiteley et al., 1992)
metathoracic leg disc
(Whiteley et al., 1992)
dorsal ridge
(Whiteley et al., 1992)
mesothoracic leg disc
(Whiteley et al., 1992)
embryonic stage 11
ventral midline
(Whiteley et al., 1992)
embryonic stage
ectoderm
(Whiteley et al., 1992)
embryonic stage 12
peripheral nervous system
(Whiteley et al., 1992)
embryonic stage & pupal stage
(Whiteley et al., 1992)
Additional Descriptive Data

In embryonic stage 10, esg is expressed in the endoderm. At stage 11, the endoderm has split into an outer layer and an inner layer. esg is lost from the outer layer but is maintained transiently in all cells of the inner layer. At stage 14, esg is expressed in a subset of the inner cells that represent the adult midgut progenitors. In larvae and pupae, esg reporters are observed in adult midgut progenitor cells. In pupae, expression is observed in cells that are precursors to the adult intestinal stem cells.

(Takashima et al., 2011)

Expression pattern inferred from unspecified enhancer trap line.

(Kearney et al., 2004)

esg transcript is detected in stage 14 of embryogenesis, in presumptive wing, leg, and haltere discs, as well as in the histoblast nests, head, trachea, and the central nervous system. At stage 16, esg transcript is still present in imaginal cells and in the presumptive head. In third instar larvae, esg transcript is expressed in the the central nervous system and in the imaginal discs. esg expression is strongest in the dorsal section of the leg, wing, haltere and eye-antennal discs of third instar larvae.

(Hayashi et al., 1993)

esg transcripts are expressed throughout embryogenesis and are again detected in pupal stages. In embryos, expression is primarily ectodermal and the pattern is very dynamic. Expression is detected in patches along the dorsal surface in the syncytial blastoderm and at the cellular blastoderm stage. Just prior to gastrulation, the dorsal expression disappears and a grid-like pattern of expression is seen in the neurogenic region of the ventral ectoderm. As germband extension begins, this develops into a pattern of longitudinal stripes in the neurogenic ectoderm. At the beginning of germband retraction, expression is most prominent in the cells of the ventral midline. During germband retraction the pattern is very dynamic including transient expression in cells of the peripheral nervous system. After germband retraction, expression is strong in the leg discs, wing disc, haltere disc and genital disc. Strong expression is also observed in the head region in cells outlining the site of head involution, in the dorsal ridge and in the frontal sac. Staining is also observed in histoblast cells of the abdominal segments.

(Whiteley et al., 1992)
Marker for
 
adult midgut progenitor cell
(Takashima et al., 2011)
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Polypeptide Expression
immunolocalization
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
embryonic stage 15
haltere disc
(Fuse et al., 1996)
embryonic/larval anterior spiracle
(Fuse et al., 1996)
ventral thoracic disc | presumptive
(Fuse et al., 1996)
genital disc | presumptive
(Fuse et al., 1996)
wing disc
(Fuse et al., 1996)
ventral thoracic disc primordium | proximal | restricted

Comment: expression excluded from center of disc

(Kubota et al., 2003)
embryonic stage 13
tracheal fusion cell
• nucleus
(Uemura et al., 1996)
wing disc | presumptive
(Fuse et al., 1996)
haltere disc | presumptive
(Fuse et al., 1996)
embryonic stage 5
(Fuse et al., 1996)
embryonic stage 10
neuroblast of ventral nerve cord primordium
(Cai et al., 2001)
embryonic ganglion mother cell
(Cai et al., 2001)
ventral midline neuroblast
(Cai et al., 2001)
embryonic stage 14 -- 17
genital disc primordium
(Chen et al., 2005)
Additional Descriptive Data

esg protein labels several cells in the leg primordia in stage 15 embryos. However, esg labeling is excluded from the center of the disc. There is significant overlap with Dll staining outside of the center of the disc. All esg positive cells also express hth a marker for proximal trunk and limb primordia. Therefore, esg serves as a cell specific marker for the proximal leg domain in the trunk region.

(Kubota et al., 2003)

At stage 5 of embryogenesis, sna protein is expressed ventrally, in the presumptive mesoderm, while esg protein is expressed in the dorsal region. By stage 13, both sna and esg proteins are expressed in presumptive wing and haltere discs. At stage 15, sna and esg proteins are also expressed in the genital disc. The esg protein is detected in the posterior spiracle and in the presumptive leg discs at stage 15, while the sna protein is expressed in a far smaller number of cells in the presumptive leg discs.

(Fuse et al., 1996)
Marker for
 
genital disc primordium
(Chen et al., 2005)
intestinal stem cell
(Strand and Micchelli, 2011)
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Evidence
References
nucleus
inferred from direct assay
(Fuse et al., 1994)
Expression Deduced from Reporters
Reporter:
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
dorsal closure stage
amnioserosa | surrounding
(Wada et al., 2007)
amnioserosa | central | variable
(Wada et al., 2007)
Reporter: P{enG}6
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
embryonic stage 8 -- 9
ectoderm
(Whiteley et al., 1992)
embryonic stage 13
tracheal fusion cell
(Wolf and Schuh, 2000)
Reporter: P{enG}esgG66
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
embryonic stage 15
gonadal somatic stem cell | anterior
(DeFalco et al., 2004)
embryonic stage 8 -- 9
ectoderm
(Whiteley et al., 1992)
first instar larval stage | male
hub cell
(Okegbe and DiNardo, 2011)
embryonic stage 17
gonadal sheath proper primordium
(Le Bras and Van Doren, 2006)
adult stage
hub cell
(Le Bras and Van Doren, 2006)
Reporter: P{esg-lacZ.C2}
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
embryonic stage 15 & male -- 17 & male
male germline cell
(Streit et al., 2002)
adult stage | male
male germline cell
(Streit et al., 2002)
Reporter: P{GAL4}esgMH766
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
first instar larval stage
larval outer optic anlage
(Apitz and Salecker, 2015)
inner proliferation zone | restricted
(Apitz and Salecker, 2015)
third instar larval stage
larval outer optic anlage
(Apitz and Salecker, 2015)
inner proliferation zone | restricted
(Apitz and Salecker, 2015)
Reporter: P{GawB}05730B
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
wandering third instar larval stage
imaginal disc epithelial cell of female genital disc
(Keisman et al., 2001)
imaginal disc epithelial cell of male genital disc
(Keisman et al., 2001)
embryonic stage 14 -- 17
genital disc primordium
(Chen et al., 2005)
early third instar larval stage
embryonic/larval spiracular branch
(Weaver and Krasnow, 2008)
third instar larval stage
intestinal stem cell
(Rera et al., 2011)
third instar larval stage -- adult stage
enteroblast
(Rera et al., 2011)
enterocyte
(Rera et al., 2011)
Reporter: P{GawB}esgc287a
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
adult stage
adult antennal lobe
(Baker et al., 2007)
antennal mechanosensory and motor center
(Baker et al., 2007)
antennal lobe tract
(Baker et al., 2007)
adult protocerebrum
(Baker et al., 2007)
Reporter: P{GawB}esgNP7397
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
first instar larval stage -- pupal stage P5
midgut imaginal island
(Jiang and Edgar, 2009)
pupal stage P6
intestinal stem cell
(Jiang and Edgar, 2009)
adult stage
enteroblast
(Jiang et al., 2011)
intestinal stem cell
(Jiang et al., 2011)
Reporter: P{GawB}NP5130
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
adult stage
intestinal stem cell
(Ma et al., 2013, Choi et al., 2008)
enteroblast
(Ma et al., 2013, Choi et al., 2008)
third instar larval stage
ventral thoracic disc | proximal
(Goto and Hayashi, 1999)
second instar larval stage
ventral thoracic disc | restricted
(Goto and Hayashi, 1999)
adult stage
intestinal stem cell
(Guo et al., 2013, Buchon et al., 2010)
enteroblast
(Guo et al., 2013)
larval stage -- pupal stage
histoblast
(Foronda et al., 2012)
histoblast nest
(Foronda et al., 2012)
pupal stage | male
anterior dorsal histoblast nest abdominal 6
(Foronda et al., 2012)
anterior dorsal histoblast nest abdominal 7
(Foronda et al., 2012)
posterior dorsal histoblast nest abdominal 6
(Foronda et al., 2012)
posterior dorsal histoblast nest abdominal 7
(Foronda et al., 2012)
adult stage | female
intestinal stem cell
(Micchelli and Perrimon, 2006)
enteroblast
(Micchelli and Perrimon, 2006)
larval stage
larval imaginal tissue
(Martin and Morata, 2006)
embryonic stage 14
embryonic/larval heart anchoring cell
(Zmojdzian et al., 2008)
Reporter: P{GawB}NP6267
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
adult stage
intestinal stem cell of posterior adult midgut epithelium
(Maeda et al., 2008)
enteroblast of posterior adult midgut epithelium
(Maeda et al., 2008)
Reporter: P{GawB}p127
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
embryonic stage
embryonic/larval tracheal system | restricted
(Steneberg et al., 1998)
embryonic stage 13 -- 17
embryonic/larval tracheal system | restricted
(Steneberg et al., 1999)
late third instar larval stage -- pupal stage
embryonic/larval spiracular branch
(Weaver and Krasnow, 2008)
Reporter: P{lacW}esg4B7
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
embryonic stage -- larval stage
histoblast
(Hartenstein and Jan, 1992)
imaginal disc
(Hartenstein and Jan, 1992)
embryonic stage 13 -- 17
scolopidial dendritic cap cell
(Hartenstein and Jan, 1992)
embryonic stage
oenocyte
(Hartenstein and Jan, 1992)
Reporter: P{lacW}esgB7-2-22
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
embryonic stage
embryonic/larval digestive system
(Hartenstein and Jan, 1998.8.10)
segment border muscle | presumptive
(Hartenstein and Jan, 1992)
ventral nerve cord | medial
(Hartenstein and Jan, 1992)
embryonic/larval somatic muscle
(Hartenstein and Jan, 1998.8.10)
presumptive embryonic/larval central nervous system
(Hartenstein and Jan, 1998.8.10)
embryonic/larval tracheal system
(Hartenstein and Jan, 1998.8.10)
embryonic/larval midgut
(Hartenstein and Jan, 1992)
embryonic/larval dorsal trunk | segmentally repeated
(Hartenstein and Jan, 1992)
Reporter: P{lacW}esgk00606
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
adult stage | female
intestinal stem cell
(Micchelli and Perrimon, 2006)
enteroblast
(Micchelli and Perrimon, 2006)
Reporter: P{lacW}esgk10811
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
larval stage
embryonic/larval midgut
(Rodriguez et al., 1996)
mouth hooks
(Rodriguez et al., 1996)
embryonic stage -- larval stage
embryonic/larval oenocyte
(Rodriguez et al., 1996)
embryonic/larval lymph gland
(Rodriguez et al., 1996)
adult stage
adult midgut
(Rodriguez et al., 1996)
adult oenocyte
(Rodriguez et al., 1996)
embryonic stage
embryonic/larval posterior spiracle
(Rodriguez et al., 1996)
head
(Rodriguez et al., 1996)
Reporter: P{lArB}A507.2M2
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
embryonic stage 17
pole cell
(Bellen et al., 1989)
embryonic/larval posterior spiracle
(Bellen et al., 1989)
embryonic brain
(Bellen et al., 1989)
embryonic stage 15 & male -- 17 & male
male germline cell
(Streit et al., 2002)
adult stage | male
male germline cell
(Streit et al., 2002)
Reporter: P{PTT-un}P01986
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
adult stage
enteroblast
(Guo et al., 2013)
Reporter: P{PZ}esg05729
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
third instar larval stage
histoblast
(Hayashi et al., 1993)
larval imaginal tissue
(Hayashi et al., 1993)
imaginal disc
(Hayashi et al., 1993)
embryonic stage
histoblast
(Hayashi et al., 1993)
Reporter: P{ST.lexA::HG}RJ-4
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
wandering third instar larval stage
ventral nerve cord
(Bloomington Drosophila Stock Center, 2019)
embryonic/larval central nervous system
(Bloomington Drosophila Stock Center, 2019)
ring gland
(Bloomington Drosophila Stock Center, 2019)
corpus cardiacum
(Bloomington Drosophila Stock Center, 2019)
embryonic/larval midgut
(Bloomington Drosophila Stock Center, 2019)
embryonic/larval lymph gland
(Bloomington Drosophila Stock Center, 2019)
Reporter: P{ST.lexA::HG}SE100
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
wandering third instar larval stage
ventral nerve cord
(Bloomington Drosophila Stock Center, 2019)
embryonic/larval central nervous system
(Bloomington Drosophila Stock Center, 2019)
embryonic/larval anterior midgut
(Bloomington Drosophila Stock Center, 2019)
Reporter: P{ST.lexA::HG}SJH-1
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
wandering third instar larval stage
ventral nerve cord
(Bloomington Drosophila Stock Center, 2019)
embryonic/larval central nervous system
(Bloomington Drosophila Stock Center, 2019)
embryonic/larval midgut
(Bloomington Drosophila Stock Center, 2019)
embryonic/larval lymph gland
(Bloomington Drosophila Stock Center, 2019)
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools

GBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\esg in GBrowse 2
RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region
Bulk Downloads
RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes
Reference
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle
Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis
External Data and Images
Linkouts
BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies
FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
Images
FlyBase Wiki
Image Based Resources
Alleles, Insertions, and Transgenic Constructs
Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 111 )
For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show
 
Other relevant insertions
Transgenic Constructs ( 20 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of esg
Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of esg
Deletions and Duplications ( 129 )
Disrupted in
Df(2L)A48
(Cai et al., 2001, Spradling et al., 1999, Rodriguez et al., 1996, Tanaka-Matakatsu et al., 1996, BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999, Fossett et al., 1994)
Df(2L)A246
(Fossett et al., 1994)
Df(2L)A337
(Fossett et al., 1994)
Df(2L)A376
(Fossett et al., 1994)
Df(2L)Adh-nBR101
(Fossett et al., 1994)
Df(2L)Adh-nBR102
(Roote, 1996.1.11, Roote, 1996.8, Roote et al., 1996, Fossett et al., 1994)
Df(2L)Adh-nBR103
(Fossett et al., 1994)
Df(2L)Adh-nBR118
(Roote, 1996.1.11, Roote, 1996.8, Roote et al., 1996, Fossett et al., 1994)
Df(2L)Adh-nBR120
(Fossett et al., 1994)
Df(2L)Adh-nBR125
(Roote, 1996.1.11, Roote, 1996.8, Fossett et al., 1994)
Df(2L)Adh-nBR126
(Fossett et al., 1994)
Df(2L)Adh-nBR130
(Fossett et al., 1994)
Df(2L)b80e4
(Ashburner et al., 1990)
Df(2L)b80k
(Alexandrova et al., 1996)
Df(2L)el20
(Ashburner et al., 1990)
Df(2L)Exel8034
(Ryder, 2004.4.26)
Df(2L)fn26
(Ashburner et al., 1990)
Df(2L)fn27
(Ashburner et al., 1990)
Df(2L)k15711
(Ashburner et al., 1999, Roote, 1998.11.16)
Df(2L)n78l3
(Ashburner et al., 1990)
Df(2L)osp18
(Ashraf et al., 1999, Roote et al., 1996)
Df(2L)osp29
(Cai et al., 2001, Rodriguez et al., 1996, Samakovlis et al., 1996, Kania et al., 1995, BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999, Furukawa et al., 1992)
Df(2L)osp38
(Roote, 1996.8, Ashburner et al., 1990)
Df(2L)PZ07130-mr5
(Roote, 2000.6.13)
Df(2L)Sco7
(Ashburner et al., 1990)
Df(2L)SS1
(Ashburner et al., 1990)
Df(2L)TE35B-1
(Roote et al., 1996)
Df(2L)TE35BC-3
(Cai et al., 2001, Ashburner et al., 1990)
Df(2L)TE35BC-4
(Roote, 1996.8, Roote et al., 1996, Ashburner et al., 1990)
Df(2L)TE35BC-34
(Ashburner et al., 1990)
Df(2L)TE35D-2
(Roote, 1996.8, Furukawa et al., 1992, Ashburner et al., 1990)
Df(2L)TE35D-4
(Ashburner et al., 1990)
Df(2L)TE35D-6
(Furukawa et al., 1992, Ashburner et al., 1990)
Df(2L)TE35D-12
(Roote, 1998.11.16)
Df(2L)TE35D-13
(Roote, 1996.8, Furukawa et al., 1992, Ashburner et al., 1990)
Df(2L)TE35D-15
(Furukawa et al., 1992, Ashburner et al., 1990)
Df(2L)TE35D-16
(Ashburner et al., 1990)
Df(2L)TE35D-18
(Furukawa et al., 1992)
Df(2L)TE35D-20
(Ashburner et al., 1990)
Df(2L)TE35D-21
(Roote, 1996.8, Ashburner et al., 1990)
Df(2L)TE35D-23
(Ashburner et al., 1990)
Df(2R)nap1
(BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999)
Df(2R)nap2
(BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999)
In(2L)75c
(BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999)
In(2L)dpps22Ldppd36R
(Ashburner et al., 1990)
In(2L)el18
(Ashburner et al., 1990)
In(2LR)noc4LScorv9R
(Cai et al., 2001)
T(2;3)TE35B-2
(Roote et al., 1996)
Tp(2;2)A446
(Fossett et al., 1994)
Not disrupted in
Df(2L)64j
(Furukawa et al., 1992, Ashburner et al., 1990)
Df(2L)A47
(Fossett et al., 1994)
Df(2L)A63
(Fossett et al., 1994)
Df(2L)A72
(Fossett et al., 1994, Ashburner et al., 1990)
Df(2L)A178
(Fossett et al., 1994)
Df(2L)A215
(Fossett et al., 1994)
Df(2L)A217
(Fossett et al., 1994)
Df(2L)A220
(Fossett et al., 1994)
Df(2L)A245
(Fossett et al., 1994)
Df(2L)A263
(Furukawa et al., 1992)
Df(2L)A264
(Fossett et al., 1994)
Df(2L)A266
(Fossett et al., 1994)
Df(2L)A267
(Cai et al., 2001, Fossett et al., 1994, Ashburner et al., 1990)
Df(2L)A379
(Fossett et al., 1994)
Df(2L)A400
(Fossett et al., 1994)
Df(2L)A445
(Fossett et al., 1994)
Df(2L)Adh-nBR100
(Fossett et al., 1994)
Df(2L)Adh-nBR105
(Fossett et al., 1994)
Df(2L)Adh-nBR106
(Fossett et al., 1994)
Df(2L)Adh-nBR107
(Fossett et al., 1994)
Df(2L)Adh-nBR117
(Fossett et al., 1994)
Df(2L)Adh-nBR119
(Fossett et al., 1994)
Df(2L)Adh-nBR121
(Fossett et al., 1994)
Df(2L)Adh-nBR122
(Fossett et al., 1994)
Df(2L)Adh-nBR127
(Fossett et al., 1994)
Df(2L)Adh-nBR128
(Fossett et al., 1994)
Df(2L)Adh-nBR129
(Roote, 1996.1.11, Roote, 1996.8, Fossett et al., 1994)
Df(2L)Adh-nBR131
(Fossett et al., 1994)
Df(2L)ARR1
(Furukawa et al., 1992, Ashburner et al., 1990)
Df(2L)b84a3
(Furukawa et al., 1992)
Df(2L)b84a7
(Furukawa et al., 1992)
Df(2L)b84h50
(BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999, Furukawa et al., 1992)
Df(2L)b87e25
(Kania et al., 1995)
Df(2L)ED3
(Ryder et al., 2007, Ryder and Roote, 2004.11.10, Ryder et al., 2004, Roote, 2002.2.6)
Df(2L)ED800
(Ryder et al., 2007)
Df(2L)ED1000
(Ryder et al., 2007)
Df(2L)el28
(Furukawa et al., 1992, Ashburner et al., 1990)
Df(2L)fn5
(Furukawa et al., 1992)
Df(2L)fn12
(Ashburner et al., 1990)
Df(2L)fn27
(Rodriguez et al., 1996)
Df(2L)H20
(Ashburner et al., 1990)
Df(2L)k07245-mr31
(Roote, 2000.6.13)
Df(2L)noc11
(Yagi and Hayashi, 1997, Roote, 1996.1.11, Roote, 1996.8, Ashburner et al., 1990)
Df(2L)Prl
(BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999)
Df(2L)PZ06430-mr3
(Roote, 2000.6.13)
Df(2L)PZ06430-mr4
(Roote, 2000.6.13)
Df(2L)PZ06430-mr5
(Roote, 2000.6.13)
Df(2L)PZ06430-mr7
(Roote, 2000.6.13)
Df(2L)PZ06430-mr9
(Roote, 2000.6.13)
Df(2L)PZ06430-mr10
(Roote, 2000.6.13)
Df(2L)PZ06430-mr12
(Roote, 2000.6.13)
Df(2L)r10
(Rodriguez et al., 1996, Kania et al., 1995, Ashburner et al., 1990)
Df(2L)RA5
(Ashburner et al., 1990)
Df(2L)rd9
(Furukawa et al., 1992, Ashburner et al., 1990)
Df(2L)RM5
(Ashburner et al., 1990)
Df(2L)RN2
(Ashburner et al., 1990)
Df(2L)Scorv16
(Ashburner et al., 1990)
Df(2L)Scorv18
(Ashburner et al., 1990)
Df(2L)Scorv19
(Ashburner et al., 1990)
Df(2L)Scorv25
(Ashburner et al., 1990)
Df(2L)TE35BC-7
(Furukawa et al., 1992)
Df(2L)TE35BC-28
(Furukawa et al., 1992)
Df(2L)TE35D-1
(Ashburner et al., 1990)
Df(2L)TE35D-2
(Yagi and Hayashi, 1997)
Df(2L)TE35D-3
(Ashburner et al., 1990)
Df(2L)TE35D-14
(Ashburner et al., 1990)
Df(2L)TE35D-19
(Ashburner et al., 1990)
Df(2L)TE35D-21
(Yagi and Hayashi, 1997)
Df(2L)TE35D-22
(Cai et al., 2001, Ashburner et al., 1990)
Df(2L)TW50
(BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999)
Df(2R)50C-38
(BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999)
Df(2R)50C-45
(BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999)
Df(2R)50C-101
(BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999)
Df(2R)50C-102
(BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999)
Df(2R)CX1
(BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999)
In(2LR)Scorv1-DV7
(Ashburner et al., 1990)
T(2;3)Scorv7
(Ashburner et al., 1990)
Duplicated in
Dp(2;1)Scorv23
(Ashburner et al., 1990)
Dp(2;2)TE35B-54L
(Ashburner et al., 1990)
Dp(2;3)osp3
(Ashburner et al., 1990)
In(2L)C163.41LC158R
(Ashburner et al., 1990)
In(2L)Scorv17LC158R
(Ashburner et al., 1990)
Not duplicated in
Dp(2;2)GYL
(Ashburner et al., 1990)
Phenotypes
For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.
Lethality
Allele
lethal
lethal, with Scer\GAL4en-e16E
lethal, with Scer\GAL4hs.2sev
lethal (with esg35Ce-3)
lethal (with esgL4)
lethal | male limited, with Scer\GAL4Bx-MS1096
lethal | male limited | cold sensitive, with Scer\GAL4Bx-MS1096
lethal | pupal stage, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237
lethal | recessive
lethal | recessive, with Scer\GAL4- :
lethal - all die before end of embryonic stage | recessive
lethal - all die before end of larval stage | heat sensitive, with Scer\GAL4l(1)BP-1
lethal - all die before end of larval stage | recessive
lethal - all die before end of pupal stage, with Scer\GAL4L4, esgHMS00025
lethal - all die before end of pupal stage, with Scer\GAL4L4, esgL4
lethal - all die before end of pupal stage | recessive
lethal - all die during pupal stage, with Scer\GAL4en-e16E
partially lethal | female limited, with Scer\GAL4Bx-MS1096
partially lethal | female limited | cold sensitive, with Scer\GAL4Bx-MS1096
partially lethal - majority die | pupal stage, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237
partially lethal - majority die | recessive, with Scer\GAL4- :
viable
viable, with Scer\GAL4nullo.PG
viable, with Scer\GAL4tin.CΔ4
Sterility
Allele
female sterile | recessive
female sterile | recessive, with Scer\GAL4- :
fertile
Other Phenotypes
Allele
chemical sensitive | dominant
decreased cell number | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4Dl-05151-G
decreased cell number | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4Su(H).GBE
decreased occurrence of cell division (with esg35Ce-3)
decreased occurrence of cell division (with esg05729)
decreased occurrence of cell division | embryonic stage 14 (with Df(2L)ED1054)
flightless, with Scer\GAL4Mef2.PR
gravitaxis defective
increased cell number | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4Dl-05151-G
increased cell number | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4esg.PU
increased cell number | larval stage
neurophysiology defective, with Scer\GAL4elav.PLu
smell perception defective
some die during embryonic stage | recessive
some die during larval stage | heat sensitive, with Scer\GAL4l(1)BP-1
some die during larval stage | recessive
some die during pupal stage | recessive
visible
visible, with Scer\GAL4455.2
visible, with Scer\GAL4ap-md544
visible, with Scer\GAL4bbg-C96
visible, with Scer\GAL4elav-C155
visible, with Scer\GAL4en-e16E
visible, with Scer\GAL4ey.PH
visible, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237
visible, with Scer\GAL4sca-537.4
visible | dominant, with Scer\GAL4bi-omb-Gal4
visible | dominant, with Scer\GAL4dpp.blk1
visible | dominant, with Scer\GAL4hs.2sev
visible | male limited, with Scer\GAL4Bx-MS1096
visible | recessive
visible | somatic clone, with Scer\GAL4Act5C.PI
wild-type
Phenotype manifest in
Allele
abdomen
adult midgut | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4Dl-05151-G
adult midgut | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4esg.PU
adult midgut | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4Su(H).GBE
adult thorax, with Scer\GAL4ap-md544
chaeta, with Scer\GAL4ap-md544
chaeta | supernumerary, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237
chordotonal organ | lateral
dorsal air sac primordium tip cell | third instar larval stage | heat sensitive, with Scer\GAL4btl.PS, Scer\GAL80ts.αTub84B
embryonic/larval dorsal branch 1
embryonic/larval dorsal branch 2
embryonic/larval dorsal branch 3
embryonic/larval dorsal branch 4
embryonic/larval dorsal branch 5
embryonic/larval dorsal branch 6
embryonic/larval dorsal branch 7
embryonic/larval dorsal branch 8
embryonic/larval dorsal branch 9
embryonic/larval dorsal branch 10
embryonic/larval dorsal trunk
embryonic/larval hemocyte | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4Pxn.PS
embryonic/larval salivary gland | embryonic stage, with Scer\GAL4l(1)BP-1
embryonic/larval tracheal system
embryonic/larval tracheal system, with Scer\GAL4C38, Scer\GAL4tracheal
embryonic ganglion mother cell | embryonic stage 14 (with Df(2L)ED1054)
embryonic neuroblast | embryonic stage 14 (with Df(2L)ED1054)
enteroblast | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4Su(H).GBE
enteroendocrine cell | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4Dl-05151-G
enteroendocrine cell | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4esg.PU
external sensory organ, with Scer\GAL4Eq1
eye
eye, with Scer\GAL4elav-C155
eye, with Scer\GAL4ey.PH
eye, with Scer\GAL4hs.2sev
eye | somatic clone
germinal proliferation center hub
histoblast
hub cell
imaginal disc
interommatidial bristle, with Scer\GAL4elav-C155
intestinal stem cell | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4Dl-05151-G
larval inner optic anlage, with Scer\GAL4NP1233
lateral transverse muscle
leg & trichome | somatic clone, with Scer\GAL4Act5C.PI
leg | somatic clone, with Scer\GAL4Act5C.PI
leg sensillum | somatic clone, with Scer\GAL4Act5C.PI
macrochaeta
macrochaeta & scutum, with Scer\GAL4sca-537.4
microchaeta & scutum, with Scer\GAL4sca-537.4
nucleus (with esg35Ce-3)
nucleus (with esg05729)
ommatidium, with Scer\GAL4elav-C155
pigment cell
rhabdomere R7, with Scer\GAL4Rh3.PP
scutellar bristle, with Scer\GAL4455.2
scutellar bristle & tormogen cell, with Scer\GAL4455.2
scutellar bristle & trichogen cell, with Scer\GAL4455.2
secondary pigment cell | somatic clone
sternite
tergite
tertiary pigment cell | somatic clone
testis (with esg35Ce-1)
testis (with esg05729)
thecogen cell, with Scer\GAL4sca-537.4
tracheal air sac | third instar larval stage | heat sensitive, with Scer\GAL4btl.PS, Scer\GAL80ts.αTub84B
tracheal system, with Scer\GAL4C38
tracheal system, with Scer\GAL4tracheal
ventral thoracic disc | somatic clone
visceral muscle fiber
wing
wing, with Scer\GAL4bbg-C96
wing, with Scer\GAL4bi-omb-Gal4
wing, with Scer\GAL4dpp.blk1
wing, with Scer\GAL4en-e16E
wing (with esg35Ce-3)
wing (with esg05729)
wing | female limited, with Scer\GAL4Bx-MS1096
wing | female limited | cold sensitive, with Scer\GAL4Bx-MS1096
wing | male limited, with Scer\GAL4Bx-MS1096
Orthologs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Orthologs
Download All OrthoDB Orthologs
Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v7.1)
Homo sapiens (Human) (10)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
Isobase
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
RoundUp
TreeFam
ZFIN
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Hsap\SNAI2
10 of 15
Yes
Yes
Hsap\SNAI1
6 of 15
No
Yes
Hsap\SNAI3
6 of 15
No
Yes
Hsap\SCRT1
2 of 15
No
No
Hsap\SCRT2
2 of 15
No
No
Hsap\ZNF7
1 of 15
No
Yes
Hsap\ZNF250
1 of 15
No
No
Hsap\ZNF410
1 of 15
No
Yes
Hsap\ZNF683
1 of 15
No
No
Hsap\ZNF710
1 of 15
No
Yes
Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v7.1)
Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (8)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
Isobase
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
RoundUp
TreeFam
ZFIN
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Mmus\Snai2
10 of 15
Yes
Yes
Mmus\Snai1
7 of 15
No
Yes
Mmus\Snai3
5 of 15
No
No
Mmus\Scrt1
3 of 15
No
No
Mmus\Scrt2
3 of 15
No
No
Mmus\Zfp7
1 of 15
No
Yes
Mmus\Zfp410
1 of 15
No
Yes
Mmus\Zfp647
1 of 15
No
Yes
Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (6)
Rnor\Snai1
6 of 13
Yes
Yes
Rnor\Snai2
6 of 13
Yes
Yes
Rnor\Snai3
6 of 13
Yes
Yes
Rnor\Scrt1
3 of 13
No
No
Rnor\Scrt2
3 of 13
No
No
Rnor\Zfp647
1 of 13
No
Yes
Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (4)
Xtro\snai1
7 of 12
Yes
Yes
Xtro\snai2
4 of 12
No
Yes
Xtro\wt1
1 of 12
No
Yes
Xtro\znf410
1 of 12
No
Yes
Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (9)
Drer\snai2
9 of 15
Yes
Yes
Drer\snai1a
4 of 15
No
No
Drer\snai1b
4 of 15
No
No
Drer\snai3
4 of 15
No
Yes
Drer\scrt1a
2 of 15
No
No
Drer\prdm1a
1 of 15
No
No
Drer\scrt1b
1 of 15
No
No
Drer\scrt2
1 of 15
No
No
Drer\znf410
1 of 15
No
Yes
Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (7)
Cele\snai-1
8 of 15
Yes
Yes
Cele\ces-1
2 of 15
No
No
Cele\klf-1
1 of 15
No
No
Cele\klu-1
1 of 15
No
No
Cele\M03D4.4
1 of 15
No
Yes
Cele\scrt-1
1 of 15
No
No
Cele\ztf-23
1 of 15
No
Yes
Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (4)
Atha\NTT
1 of 9
Yes
Yes
Atha\TFIIIA
1 of 9
Yes
No
Atha\WIP4
1 of 9
Yes
Yes
Atha\WIP5
1 of 9
Yes
Yes
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (1)
Scer\YPR015C
1 of 15
Yes
Yes
Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (0)
No records found.
Orthologs in Drosophila Species (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG09190D2I )
Organism
Common Name
Gene
AAA Syntenic Ortholog
Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly
Dmel\esg
Drosophila suzukii
Spotted wing Drosophila
Dsuz\DS10_00000219
Drosophila simulans
Dsim\GD24004
Drosophila sechellia
Dsec\GM16048
Drosophila erecta
Dere\GG25158
Drosophila yakuba
Dyak\GE20968
Drosophila ananassae
Dana\GF15382
Drosophila pseudoobscura pseudoobscura
Dpse\GA17666
Drosophila persimilis
Dper\GL26425
Drosophila willistoni
Dwil\GK18133
Drosophila virilis
Dvir\GJ17399
Drosophila mojavensis
Dmoj\GI17894
Drosophila grimshawi
Dgri\GH13754
Orthologs in non-Drosophila Dipterans (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG091508IO )
Organism
Common Name
Gene
Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group
Musca domestica
House fly
Mdoa\17007464
Musca domestica
House fly
Mdoa\17015560
Glossina morsitans
Tsetse fly
Gmor\GMOY006889
Glossina morsitans
Tsetse fly
Gmor\GMOY000167
Lucilia cuprina
Australian sheep blowfly
Lcup\FF38_07350
Lucilia cuprina
Australian sheep blowfly
Lcup\FF38_07193
Mayetiola destructor
Hessian fly
Mdes\Mdes010188
Orthologs in non-Dipteran Insects (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG090W097C )
Organism
Common Name
Gene
Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group
Bombyx mori
Silkmoth
Bmor\BGIBMGA006230
Danaus plexippus
Monarch butterfly
Dple\DPOGS214187-PA
Heliconius melpomene
Postman butterfly
Hmel\HMEL002306
Apis florea
Little honeybee
Aflo\5967450868
Apis mellifera
Western honey bee
Amel\GB53867
Bombus impatiens
Common eastern bumble bee
Bimp\BIMP21695
Bombus terrestris
Buff-tailed bumblebee
Bter\15205202
Linepithema humile
Argentine ant
Lhum\LH22120
Megachile rotundata
Alfalfa leafcutting bee
Mrot\MROTU:00183a
Nasonia vitripennis
Parasitic wasp
Nvit\Nasvi2EG019581
Dendroctonus ponderosae
Mountain pine beetle
Dpod\YQE_07640
Tribolium castaneum
Red flour beetle
Tcas\esg
Pediculus humanus
Human body louse
Phum\PHUM091060
Rhodnius prolixus
Kissing bug
Rpro\RPRC005707
Cimex lectularius
Bed bug
Clec\CLEC007039
Acyrthosiphon pisum
Pea aphid
Apim\ACYPI006384
Zootermopsis nevadensis
Nevada dampwood termite
Znev\Znev_04992
Orthologs in non-Insect Arthropods (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG090X093K )
Organism
Common Name
Gene
Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group
Strigamia maritima
European centipede
Smar\SMAR001314
Strigamia maritima
European centipede
Smar\SMAR001730
Ixodes scapularis
Black-legged tick
Isca\ISCW012727
Stegodyphus mimosarum
African social velvet spider
Smim\KFM78385.1
Tetranychus urticae
Two-spotted spider mite
Turt\tetur13g00760
Daphnia pulex
Water flea
Dpux\DAPPUDRAFT_347447
Orthologs in non-Arthropod Metazoa (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG091G0Q0V )
Organism
Common Name
Gene
Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group
Strongylocentrotus purpuratus
Purple sea urchin
Spur\Sp-Scratch
Strongylocentrotus purpuratus
Purple sea urchin
Spur\Sp-ScratchX
Strongylocentrotus purpuratus
Purple sea urchin
Spur\Sp-Sna
Ciona intestinalis
Vase tunicate
Cint\ENSCING00000008903
Gallus gallus
Domestic chicken
Ggal\ENSGALG00000028912
Gallus gallus
Domestic chicken
Ggal\SNAI2
Gallus gallus
Domestic chicken
Ggal\SNAI1
Paralogs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Paralogs
Paralogs (via DIOPT v7.1)
Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (21)
Gene Symbol
Score
Source
Compara
eggNOG
Homologene
Inparanoid
Isobase
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
orthoMCL
Panther
RoundUp
Alignment
wor
4 of 10
CG12605
3 of 10
Kah
3 of 10
scrt
3 of 10
sna
3 of 10
CG7691
2 of 10
Cf2
1 of 10
CG1663
1 of 10
CG4360
1 of 10
CG5245
1 of 10
CG8301
1 of 10
CG12942
1 of 10
CG15446
1 of 10
CG31365
1 of 10
Meics
1 of 10
MTF-1
1 of 10
pad
1 of 10
Phs
1 of 10
pre-lola-G
1 of 10
wdn
1 of 10
wek
1 of 10
Human Disease Associations
FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports
Disease Model Summary Ribbon
Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations
Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
Allele
Disease
Evidence
References
Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 2 )
Human Ortholog
Disease
Evidence
References
SNAI2; snail family transcriptional repressor 2
model of  piebaldism
IEA
(FlyBase, 2019-)
model of  Waardenburg syndrome type 2D
IEA
(FlyBase, 2019-)
Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 1 )
Allele
Disease
Interaction
References
esgEP684
exacerbates  Alzheimer's disease
modeled by Hsap\APPAβ42.GMR.T:Rnor\SS-PENK
(Cao et al., 2008)
Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v7.1 and OMIM)
Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.
Homo sapiens (Human)
Gene name
Score
OMIM
OMIM Phenotype
DO term
Complementation?
Transgene?
SNAI2; snail family transcriptional repressor 2
10 of 15
602150
SNAI1; snail family transcriptional repressor 1
6 of 15
604238
      SNAI3; snail family transcriptional repressor 3
      6 of 15
      612741
          Functional Complementation Data
          Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.
          Interactions
          Summary of Physical Interactions
          Summary of Genetic Interactions
          esyN Network Diagram
          esyN Network Key:
          Suppression
          Enhancement
          View in Interactions Browser
          Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions
          Starting gene(s)
          Interaction type
          Interacting gene(s)
          Reference
          esg
          suppressible
          ase
          (Li et al., 2017)
          esg
          suppressible
          mir-14
          (Sanchez-Díaz et al., 2015)
          esg
          enhanceable
          mir-310|mir-311|mir-312
          (Sanchez-Díaz et al., 2015)
          esg
          enhanceable
          mir-310|mir-311|mir-312|mir-313
          (Sanchez-Díaz et al., 2015)
          esg
          enhanceable
          mir-311
          (Sanchez-Díaz et al., 2015)
          esg
          suppressible
          pros
          (Li et al., 2017)
          esg
          suppressible
          sc
          (Li et al., 2017)
          Starting gene(s)
          Interaction type
          Interacting gene(s)
          Reference
          ase
          suppressible
          esg
          (Li et al., 2017, Fuse et al., 1999)
          Dcp-1
          enhanceable
          esg
          (Kim et al., 2010)
          eas
          suppressible
          esg
          (Hekmat-Scafe et al., 2005)
          gcm
          suppressible
          esg
          (Popkova et al., 2012)
          H
          enhanceable
          esg
          (Müller et al., 2005)
          jus
          suppressible
          esg
          (Hekmat-Scafe et al., 2005)
          L
          enhanceable
          esg
          (Singh et al., 2005)
          L
          suppressible
          esg
          (Singh et al., 2005)
          N
          suppressible
          esg
          (Djiane et al., 2013)
          osk
          suppressible
          esg
          (Voog et al., 2008)
          para
          suppressible
          esg
          (Hekmat-Scafe et al., 2005)
          phyl
          suppressible
          esg
          (Pi et al., 2011)
          pnr
          enhanceable
          esg
          (Pena-Rangel et al., 2002)
          pros
          suppressible
          esg
          (Hartl et al., 2011)
          sc
          suppressible
          esg
          (Li et al., 2017)
          upd1
          suppressible
          esg
          (Bach et al., 2003)
          External Data
          Linkouts
          BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
          DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
          InterologFinder - Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets.
          MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
          MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
          Pathways
          Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)
          Metabolic Pathways
          External Data
          Linkouts
          Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data
          Chromosome (arm)
          2L
          Recombination map

          2-51

          Cytogenetic map
          35D2-35D2
          Sequence location
          2L:15,333,866..15,336,138 [+]
          FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
          Cytogenetic map
          Evidence for location
          35D2-35D2
          Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{EP}esgEP633&P{PZ}esg07082 and P{lacW}CycEk05007&P{lacW}CycEk02602
          Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
          Cytogenetic map
          Notes
          References
          35D1-35D2
          (determined by in situ hybridisation)
          (Abdelilah-Seyfried et al., 2000, Spradling et al., 1999)
          35C3-35C3
          (Prokopenko, 1999.8.3)
          35D1-35D2
          (determined by in situ hybridisation) 35D1--4 (determined by in situ hybridisation) 35D3--4 (determined by in situ hybridisation) 35C1--3 (determined by in situ hybridisation)
          (Ashburner et al., 1999)
          35E-35E
          (determined by in situ hybridisation)
          (Rodriguez et al., 1996)
          35D-35D
          (determined by in situ hybridisation)
          (Kania et al., 1995)
          35D1-35D2
          (determined by in situ hybridisation) 35D1--35D4 (determined by in situ hybridisation)
          (BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999)
          35C-35C
          (determined by in situ hybridisation)
          (Hayashi et al., 1992, Whiteley et al., 1992)
          Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
          Location

          2-51

          (FlyBase, 2016)

          2-48.4

          (Comeron et al., 2012)
          Left of (cM)
          Right of (cM)
          Notes
          Stocks and Reagents
          Stocks (35)
          Genomic Clones (18)
           

          Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete

          cDNA Clones (75)
           

          Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see GBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

          cDNA clones, fully sequences
          BDGP DGC clones
          Other clones
          Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

          For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

          cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
          BDGP DGC clones
            Other clones
            RNAi and Array Information
            Linkouts
            DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
            GenomeRNAi - A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents
            Antibody Information
            Laboratory Generated Antibodies
             

            polyclonal

            (Sanchez-Díaz et al., 2015)
            Commercially Available Antibodies
             
            Other Information
            Relationship to Other Genes
            Source for database identify of

            Source for identity of: esg CG3758

            (Kodira, 1999.11)

            Source for identity of: esg l(2)35Ce

            (Whiteley et al., 1992)
            Source for database merge of
            Additional comments

            FlyBase curator comment: "EP2370" overexpression phenotype stated to be due to its effect on esg but orientation of the P{EP} element suggests otherwise.

            (Singh et al., 2005)
            Other Comments

            The esg product is required for the survival and/or maintenance of secondary and tertiary pigment cells in the eye.

            (Lim and Tomlinson, 2006)

            Expression is enriched in embryonic gonads.

            (Shigenobu et al., 2006)

            esg and hth regulate proximodistal patterning in the distal domain of the leg.

            (Goto and Hayashi, 1999)

            Pairing sensitive alleles do not exhibit long-distance silencing interactions with P-element insertions containing the Mcp-element.

            (Muller et al., 1999)

            Expression of tracheal fusion marker genes esg and hdc is induced by activation of the dpp pathway.

            (Steneberg et al., 1999)

            Mutants isolated in a screen of the second chromosome identifying genes affecting disc morphology.

            (Roch et al., 1998)

            esg is necessary for hdc expression in the fusion cells and also sufficient for hdc expression in the cells of the pantip group of the dorsal and lateral branches.

            (Steneberg et al., 1998)

            Expression of esg in the neuroectoderm prefigures that of the ASC genes. Dorsoventral pattern of esg expression in the blastoderm is determined by three independent repressive cues (dpp, sna and twi). Egfr represses esg expression within the intermediate column.

            (Yagi and Hayashi, 1997)

            esg and sna function as intrinsic determinants of wing cell fate.

            (Fuse et al., 1996)

            esg and sna expression in the wing are maintained by their auto- and crossactivation, and control the same set of genes required for wing development.

            (Fuse et al., 1996)

            In G2, esg is required to maintain a high level of G2/M cdk (a complex that includes the catalytic subunit encoded by cdc2 and a regulatory subunit G2 cyclin) that actively inhibits the entry into S phase.

            (Hayashi, 1996)

            esg is a member of the lymph gland enhancer detector strains.

            (Rodriguez et al., 1996)

            esg is required for tracheal branch fusion and inhibits terminal branching by dorsal branch fusion cells.

            (Samakovlis et al., 1996)

            esg is a key regulator of cell adhesion and motility in tracheal morphogenesis.

            (Tanaka-Matakatsu et al., 1996)

            Overexpression of shg rescues the defect in one of the fusion points in esg mutants.

            (Tanaka-Matakatsu et al., 1996)

            esg positively regulates transcription of shg.

            (Tanaka-Matakatsu et al., 1996)

            esg is required for the continual renewal of the male germline after pupariation.

            (Hime and Fuller, 1995)

            esg is required for expression of many of the genes required for fusion of the separate developing tracheal branching units.

            (Manning et al., 1995)

            esg protein is a transcriptional regulator that preferentially binds as a monomer, with high affinity, to a specific sequence (identical to the E2 box) in vitro and acts as a repressor of sc/da-dependent transcription in vivo.

            (Fuse et al., 1994)

            A pairing sensitive site (PS site) has been identified in regulatory DNA from the esg gene.

            (Kassis, 1994)

            Analysis of mutants suggests that one of the normal functions of esg may be the maintenance of diploidy in imaginal cells.

            (Hayashi et al., 1993)

            esg shows a high degree of similarity with sna.

            (Whiteley et al., 1992)

            5 alleles are discussed but are not named.

            (Ashburner et al., 1990)
            Origin and Etymology
            Discoverer
            Etymology
            Identification
            External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 65 )
            Sequence Crossreferences
            NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.
            GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.
            GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.
            RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.
            UniProt/Swiss-Prot - Manually annotated and reviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
            UniProt/TrEMBL - Automatically annotated and unreviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
            Other crossreferences
            BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
            Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones
            Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
            Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
            Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
            GenomeRNAi - A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents
            iBeetle-Base - RNAi phenotypes in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)
            InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
            KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.
            modMine - A data warehouse for the modENCODE project
            Linkouts
            ApoDroso - Functional genomic database for photoreceptor development, survival and function
            BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
            DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
            DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
            FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies
            FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
            FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel
            FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics
            Interactive Fly - A cyberspace guide to Drosophila development and metazoan evolution
            InterologFinder - Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets.
            MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
            MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
            Synonyms and Secondary IDs (26)
            Reported As
            Symbol Synonym
            4B7
            (Hartenstein and Jan, 1992)
            BG:DS07851.7
            (Ashburner et al., 1999, Ashburner et al., 1999.10.12)
            CG3758
            (Kondo et al., 2017, Hosono et al., 2015, Fukuoh et al., 2014, Ahmad et al., 2012, Hadar et al., 2012, Yano et al., 2012, Ni et al., 2011.7.19, Herranz et al., 2010, Ni et al., 2010.12.1, Perkins et al., 2009, Quinones-Coello, 2007, Armstrong et al., 2006, Molnar et al., 2006, Kanuka et al., 2005, Norga et al., 2003)
            Esg
            (Hayashi and Kondo, 2018, Ruiz-Losada et al., 2018, Chen et al., 2016, Li and Jasper, 2016, Miao and Hayashi, 2016, Huang et al., 2014, Kapuria et al., 2012, McLeod et al., 2010, Shindo et al., 2008)
            br43
            (Furukawa et al., 1992)
            dgl
            (Fossett et al., 1994, Furukawa et al., 1992)
            esg
            (Best, 2019, Camara et al., 2019, Cardozo Gizzi et al., 2019, Guo et al., 2019, Hu and Jasper, 2019, Kockel et al., 2019, Shokri et al., 2019, Singh et al., 2019, Zwick et al., 2019, Aughey et al., 2018, Bischof et al., 2018, Doupé et al., 2018, Duan et al., 2018, Kavaler et al., 2018, Na et al., 2018, Nazer et al., 2018, Perochon et al., 2018, Perrimon and Doupé, 2018.5.15, Resende et al., 2018, Symonenko et al., 2018, Tan et al., 2018, Tang et al., 2018, Erceg et al., 2017, Jin et al., 2017, Li et al., 2017, Lucchetta and Ohlstein, 2017, Requena et al., 2017, Simões et al., 2017, Transgenic RNAi Project members, 2017-, Jiang et al., 2016, Kockel et al., 2016, Kuleesha et al., 2016, Ou et al., 2016, Ramat et al., 2016, Sarov et al., 2016, Antonello et al., 2015, Apitz and Salecker, 2015, Doggett et al., 2015, Dutta et al., 2015, Jasper, 2015, Kim et al., 2015, Kohlmaier et al., 2015, Kok et al., 2015, Lu and Li, 2015, model organism Encyclopedia of Regulatory Network (modERN) Project, 2015-, Nadimpalli et al., 2015, Sanchez-Díaz et al., 2015, Schertel et al., 2015, Sun et al., 2015, Zhai et al., 2015, Biteau and Jasper, 2014, Chandran et al., 2014, Chen and Krasnow, 2014, Ciglar et al., 2014, Driver and Ohlstein, 2014, Huang et al., 2014, Li et al., 2014, Li et al., 2014, Long et al., 2014, Okumura et al., 2014, Rogers and Rogina, 2014, Voog et al., 2014, Aleksic et al., 2013, Bai et al., 2013, Caviglia and Luschnig, 2013, Chen et al., 2013, Djiane et al., 2013, Guo et al., 2013, Guss et al., 2013, Li et al., 2013, Marianes and Spradling, 2013, Pandey et al., 2013, Rera et al., 2013, Roti et al., 2013, Zeng et al., 2013, Zhao et al., 2013, Bond and Foley, 2012, de Navascués et al., 2012, Foronda et al., 2012, Hadar et al., 2012, Hainaut et al., 2012, Japanese National Institute of Genetics, 2012.5.21, Kapuria et al., 2012, Loncle and Williams, 2012, Poernbacher et al., 2012, Popkova et al., 2012, Toledano et al., 2012, Yang et al., 2012, Zhou et al., 2012, Abruzzi et al., 2011, Apidianakis and Rahme, 2011, Bellen et al., 2011, Hartl et al., 2011, Hochmuth et al., 2011, Jiang et al., 2011, Micchelli et al., 2011, Okegbe and DiNardo, 2011, Perdigoto et al., 2011, Pi et al., 2011, Simons and Clevers, 2011, Strand and Micchelli, 2011, Takashima et al., 2011, Takashima et al., 2011, Wang et al., 2011, Beebe et al., 2010, Biteau et al., 2010, Buchon et al., 2010, Estella and Mann, 2010, Francis et al., 2010, Jiang et al., 2010, Kazemi-Esfarjani, 2010.6.21, Kim et al., 2010, Magwire et al., 2010, Park et al., 2010, Reis et al., 2010, Salzer et al., 2010, Wang et al., 2010, Zeng et al., 2010, Apidianakis et al., 2009, Buchon et al., 2009, Buchon et al., 2009, Chau et al., 2009, Chung et al., 2009, Flaherty et al., 2009, Grieder et al., 2009, Harbison et al., 2009, Jiang and Edgar, 2009, Jiang et al., 2009, Lee et al., 2009, McKay et al., 2009, Mortimer and Moberg, 2009, Southall and Brand, 2009, Biteau et al., 2008, Cao et al., 2008, Choi et al., 2008, Maeda et al., 2008, Stofanko et al., 2008, Voog et al., 2008, Araujo et al., 2007, Buszczak et al., 2007, Inoue and Hayashi, 2007, Kankel et al., 2007, Kitadate et al., 2007, Li et al., 2007, Minidorff et al., 2007, Minidorff et al., 2007, Mortimer and Moberg, 2007, Quinones-Coello, 2007, Ryder et al., 2007, Sandmann et al., 2007, Singh et al., 2007, Wada et al., 2007, Zhang et al., 2007, Armstrong et al., 2006, Casper and Van Doren, 2006, Choksi et al., 2006, Jiang and Crews, 2006, Jung et al., 2006, Le Bras and Van Doren, 2006, Molnar et al., 2006, Negre et al., 2006, Shigenobu et al., 2006, Shigenobu et al., 2006, Wheeler et al., 2006, Bolinger and Boekhoff-Falk, 2005, Brown and Feder, 2005, Kanuka et al., 2005, Staudt et al., 2005, Jiang and Crews, 2003, Streit et al., 2002)
            flg
            l(2)07082
            l(2)35Ce
            (Ashburner et al., 1999, The Moscow Regional Drosophila melanogaster Stock Center, Dubna, Alexandrova et al., 1996, Roote, 1995.5.4, Ashburner et al., 1990)
            l(2)4B7
            l(2)br43
            (The Moscow Regional Drosophila melanogaster Stock Center, Dubna, Ashburner et al., 1990)
            l(2)esg
            (Roote, 1995.5.15)
            l35Ce
            (Fossett et al., 1994)
            shof
            (Voog et al., 2014)
            wiz
            (Rodriguez et al., 1996)
            Name Synonyms
            D.m.Escargot
            (Qi et al., 2008)
            Escargot
            (Strilbytska et al., 2017, Li and Jasper, 2016, Miao and Hayashi, 2016, Ramat et al., 2016, Apitz and Salecker, 2015, Loza-Coll et al., 2014, Rera et al., 2013, Yano et al., 2012, McLeod et al., 2010, Zeng et al., 2010, Buchon et al., 2009, Shindo et al., 2008)
            Esgargot
            (Guss et al., 2013)
            Fusion-1
            (Samakovlis et al., 1996)
            double glazed
            escargot
            (Kondo et al., 2017, Buchon and Osman, 2015, Kohlmaier et al., 2015, Kroll et al., 2015, Sun et al., 2015, Rogers and Rogina, 2014, Guo et al., 2013, Roti et al., 2013, Zeng et al., 2013, Foronda et al., 2012, Pearson et al., 2012, Whitworth et al., 2012, Hartl et al., 2011, Hochmuth et al., 2011, Okegbe and DiNardo, 2011, Pi et al., 2011, Simons and Clevers, 2011, Strand and Micchelli, 2011, Takashima et al., 2011, Biehs et al., 2010, Biteau et al., 2010, Buchon et al., 2010, Estella and Mann, 2010, Salzer et al., 2010, Apidianakis et al., 2009, Buchon et al., 2009, Chau et al., 2009, Chung et al., 2009, Flaherty et al., 2009, Grieder et al., 2009, Harbison et al., 2009, Jiang and Edgar, 2009, Lee et al., 2009, Cao et al., 2008, Harbison and Sehgal, 2008, Maeda et al., 2008, McConnell et al., 2008, Sambandan et al., 2008, Stofanko et al., 2008, Voog et al., 2008, Araujo et al., 2007, Kankel et al., 2007, Kitadate et al., 2007, Mortimer and Moberg, 2007, Singh et al., 2007, Armstrong et al., 2006, Lim and Tomlinson, 2006, Negre et al., 2006, Sambandan et al., 2006, Shigenobu et al., 2006, Bolinger and Boekhoff-Falk, 2005, Staudt et al., 2005, Hall et al., 2004)
            esgargot
            (Buchon et al., 2009)
            fleabag
            (Hayashi et al., 1992)
            shut off
            (Hime et al., 1994)
            wizard
            (Fellowes and Godfray, 2000, Rodriguez et al., 1996)
            Secondary FlyBase IDs
            • FBgn0000445
            • FBgn0011711
            • FBgn0015967
            Datasets (0)
            Study focus (0)
            Experimental Role
            Project
            Project Type
            Title
            References (451)