m7, E(spl)m7, HLHm7, E(spl) region transcript m7, HLH-m7
neurogenic bHLH transcription factor - Hairy/E(spl) class - an inhibitor of neural fate - Hairy/E(spl) class - E(spl)m7 and E(spl)m8 proteins are involved in the antagonistic regulation of the proneural gene and also regulate the expression of one or more of proneural target genes
Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\E(spl)m7-HLH for information on other features
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Gene model reviewed during 5.42
Gene model reviewed during 5.48
1.5 (northern blot)
There is only one protein coding transcript and one polypeptide associated with this gene
186 (aa); 20.5 (kD predicted)
Transcription repression requires formation of a complex with a corepressor protein (Groucho). Forms homodimers.
The orange domain and the basic helix-loop-helix motif mediate repression of specific transcriptional activators, such as basic helix-loop-helix protein dimers.
The C-terminal WRPW motif is a transcriptional repression domain necessary for the interaction with Groucho, a transcriptional corepressor recruited to specific target DNA by Hairy-related proteins.
Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\E(spl)m7-HLH using the Feature Mapper tool.
Comment: transiently expressed
Comment: anlage in statu nascendi
Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm anlage
Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm anlage
Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm anlage
Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm anlage
Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium
Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium
Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium
Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium
Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium
Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium
Comment: reported as head epidermis primordium
Comment: reported as head epidermis primordium
Comment: reported as head epidermis primordium
Comment: reported as visual system
Comment: reference states 6-10 hr AEL
E(spl) genes were found to be differentially expressed during metamorphosis.
The peak of HLHm7 expression during embryogenesis occurs at 6-10 hours. In the late blastoderm, expression is detected in a 2-3 cell-wide stripe on each side of the embryo, in groups of cells over the dorsal half of the poles, in the vitellophage, and in a dorsomedian band spanning the anterioposterior axis. During germ band extension, ectodermal expression is detected, and at the extended germ band stage, epidermal expression is abundant. In late stage 11, epidermal expression becomes patchy. At stage 10, the primordia of the supraoesophageal ganglion and the posterior midgut express HLHm7. From stage 11 through late stage 12, expression is detected in the entire mesodermal layer. From late stage 11 through stage 14, expression is also detected in the primordia of the stomatogastric nervous system and in the optic lobes.
GBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals
View Dmel\E(spl)m7-HLH in GBrowse 23-89
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Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see GBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.
For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.
Source for identity of: E(spl)m7-HLH HLHm7
dsRNA has been made from templates generated with primers directed against this gene. RNAi of HLHm7 results in reduced arborization of ddaD and ddaE neurons, alterations in the number of MD neurons and defects in dendrite morphogenesis.
The distinct expression patterns of genes of the E(spl) complex in imaginal tissues depend to a significant degree on the capacity of their transcriptional cis-regulatory apparatus to respond selectively to direct proneural and Su(H)-mediated activation, often in a subset of the territories and cells in which proneural and Su(H) regulation is occurring.
In a sample of 79 genes with multiple introns, 33 showed significant heterogeneity in G+C content among introns of the same gene and significant positive correspondence between the intron and the third codon position G+C content within genes. These results are consistent with selection adding against preferred codons at the start of genes.
E(spl) proteins normally mediate lateral inhibition by directly repressing proneural gene expression.
The bHLH domains of the gene products encoded by the E(spl)-C and AS-C differ in their ability to form homo- and/or heterodimers. The interactions established through the bHLH link the products of the two complexes in a single interaction network which may function to ensure that a given cell retains the capacity to choose between epidermoblast and neuroblast fates until the cell becomes definitively determined.
Almost all E(spl)-complex bHLH proteins can homo-hetero-dimerise, but not with the same efficiency. All E(spl)-complex bHLH proteins interact with gro protein via their C-terminal domain. E(spl)-complex bHLH proteins interact with proneural proteins, with members of the E(spl) family exhibiting distinct preferences for different proneural proteins.
E(spl) bHLH proteins are turned on in cells which are inhibited from becoming neural by signals from the delaminating neuroblast.
Arrangement and sequence of E(spl)-complex genes in D.melanogaster and D.hydei revealed that the E(spl)-gene, and the structure of complex are highly conserved, suggesting that each individual gene, as well as the organization of the complex, is of functional importance.
On basis of cross-hybridization and sequence data the E(spl) HLH genes can be placed into 3 groups. The first includes E(spl) and HLHm5, the second includes HLHm7, HLHm3, HLHmA and HLHmB and the last includes HLHmC.
Genes of the E(spl) complex act as a functional unit composed of redundant genes which can partially substitute for each other. Eight E(spl)-region genes are required for the development of neurectodermal cells: HLHmδ, HLHmβ, HLHmγ, HLHm3, HLHm5, HLHm7, E(spl) and gro. The E(spl)-region gene m4 may also play a role in this process.
The neurogenic phenotype of various embryonic combinations have been studied and divided into extreme neurogenic embryo, intermediate neurogenic embryos, weak intermediate neurogenic embryos and weak neurogenic embryos.
Genetic analysis demonstrates that Dl, neu, E(spl), HLHm5, HLHm7 and m4 are functionally related. Spatial distribution of mRNA in neurogenic mutant embryos suggests that some of the functional interactions take place at the transcriptional level.
One of the Enhancer-of-split complex.