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Gene Dmel\Men

General Information
Symbol	Dmel\Men	Species	D. melanogaster
Name	Malic enzyme	Annotation symbol	CG10120
Feature type	protein_coding_gene	FlyBase ID	FBgn0002719
Gene Model Status	Current	Stock availability	34 publicly available
Also Known As	ME
Genomic Location
Chromosome (arm)	3R	Recombination map	3-51.73
Cytogenetic map	87C6-87C7	Sequence location	3R:8,538,825..8,548,164 [-]
Genomic Maps Select View:Gene Models/EvidenceExpression/RegulationMegaViewGene Disruptions, Stocks and Reagents Beta	Decorated FastA GenBankGFF Gene region Extended Gene region CDSIntronsExonsTranslationsTranscripts3' UTR5' UTR
Summary Information
Automatically generated summary See sections below for more information	The gene Malic enzyme is referred to in FlyBase by the symbol Dmel\Men (CG10120, FBgn0002719). It is a protein_coding_gene from Drosophila melanogaster. There is experimental evidence that it has the molecular function: malate dehydrogenase (oxaloacetate-decarboxylating) (NADP+) activity. There is experimental evidence that it is involved in the biological process: regulation of cell death; determination of adult lifespan; sleep. 88 alleles are reported. The phenotype of these alleles is annotated with: eye. It has 3 annotated transcripts and 3 annotated polypeptides. Protein features are: Malic enzyme, N-terminal; Malic enzyme, NAD-binding; Malic enzyme, conserved site; Malic oxidoreductase; NAD(P)-binding domain. Summary of modENCODE Temporal Expression Profile: Temporal profile ranges from a peak of very high expression to a trough of moderate expression. Peak expression observed within 12-24 hour embryonic stages, during early larval stages, during late pupal stages, in adult male stages. Summary of FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data: Many larval and adult organs/tissues expressed at high levels. Expression at high levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult head, adult eye, larval/adult central nervous system, adult crop, larval/adult midgut, larval/adult hindgut, larval/adult Malpighian tubules, adult heart, adult fat body, adult spermathecae, adult testis, larval/adult carcass. Expression at moderate levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult brain, larval fat body, larval trachea, adult ovary, adult male accessory gland. Comments on Affy2 ProbeSet: ProbeSet 1629095_a_at completely aligns to an exonic region common to each of the 2 FlyBase-annotated transcript isoforms of Men. Gene sequence location is 3R:8538825..8548164.
User Contributed Data
	Beta version, feedback welcome
Phenotypic Description from the Red Book (Lindsley & Zimm 1992)
Gene/Allele symbols may differ from current usage	Men: Malic enzyme Structural gene for malic enzyme = (S)-Malate: NADP+ oxidoreductase [MEN (EC 1.1.1.40)], a tetramer with subunit molecular weight of 58,000 (Lee, Langley, and Burkhart, 1978, Anal. Biochem. 86: 697-296) or 67,250 (Geer, Krochko, Oliver, Walker, and Williamson, 1980, Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 65B: 25-34). Biochemical characterization by Geer, et al., (1980). Enzyme known to provide NADP for lipogenesis; levels in larvae increased by dietary carbohydrate and decreased by dietary lipid. Levels normally high in early third-instar larvae, reducing to half in late third instar, rising again in ageing adults. Highest specific activity found in larval fat body and, among cellular fractions, in the cytosol (Geer, Krochko, and Williamson, 1979, Biochem. Genet. 17: 867-79). Histochemical staining of larval imaginal discs reveals enzyme activity localized to nervous elements, including ommatidial precursors, the morphogenetic furrow, and the optic nerve in the eye antennal disc; and the chordotonal organ and the nerve traversing the leg discs; wing, haltere, labial, and genital discs unstained; however genital disc derivatives, the ejaculatory duct and paragonia in males and oviducts of females are stained in adults (Finkbohner, Cunningham, and Kuhn, 1985, Wilhelm Roux's Arch. Dev. Biol. 194: 217-23). Staining of morphogenetic groove absent in D. simulans and in simulans-melanogaster hybrids except when such hybrids contain two copies of 3R from D. melanogaster and none from D. simulans (Kuhn and Sprey, 1987, Genetics 115: 277-81). All null alleles tested survive and are fertile in combination with Df(3R)ry3l, which lacks Men+ (Voelker et al.). The NADPH/NADP ratio in such null genotypes is one-seventh that of wild type (Geer et al., 1979). Presence of an extra dose of the region from 8D10-12 to 9A1-2 results in an approximately 25% increase in MEN activity (Williamson and Bentley, 1983, Genetics 103: 649-58).
Recent Updates
Description	What does this section display? This section contains items that were added to this record for each release. It currently only tracks new links between this FlyBase report and other FlyBase data classes (e.g. genes, references, stocks) or controlled vocabulary terms (e.g. GO, anatomy terms). What does this section not display? This section does not currently display links that were removed or gene model changes.
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FB2013_03
FB2013_02	Controlled Vocabulary Terms sleep
All updates	Click here to see a list of all updates to this record from FB2010_08 and on.
Detailed Mapping Data
FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Evidence for location 87C6-87C7   Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{lacW}Vha55j2E9 and P{PZ}CtBP03463
Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Notes References 87D1-87D1     (Cordes, 1999.9.20) 87D1-87D1     (Farkas, 1999.12.20)
Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
Location	3-51.73   3- (Choudhary et al., 1992) 3-53.1 +/- 0.6 (Franklin and Rumball, 1971) 3-53.1 (Clark et al., 1995)
Left of (cM)	ry
Right of (cM)	kar
Notes	Based on 91 recombinants between kar and ry.
Gene Model & Products
Please see the GBrowse view of Dmel\Men for information on other features To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form
Comments on Gene Model
	Gene model reviewed during 5.39 Gene model reviewed during 5.44 Gene model reviewed during 5.48 Low-frequency RNA-Seq exon junction(s) not annotated.
Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name FlyBase ID RefSeq ID Length (nt) Associated CDS (aa) Men-RA FBtr0082661  NM_169479   2767   759 Men-RB FBtr0082660  NM_080141   2906   763 Men-RC FBtr0330025  NM_001275580   2364   578
Additional Transcript Data & Comments
Reported size (kB)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name FlyBase ID Predicted MW (kDa) Length (aa) Theoretical pI RefSeq ID GenBank protein Men-PA   FBpp0082130   84.4   759   7.23     NP_731739   AAF54860 Men-PB   FBpp0082129   84.6   763   6.60     NP_524880   AAF54859 Men-PC   FBpp0303058   64.0   578   6.43     NP_001262509   AGB95891
Additional Polypeptide Data & Comments
Reported size (kDa)
Comments
External Data
Linkouts
Crossreferences	InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites • Malic oxidoreductase (IPR001891) Malic enzyme, N-terminal (IPR012301) Malic enzyme, NAD-binding (IPR012302) Malic enzyme, conserved site (IPR015884) NAD(P)-binding domain (IPR016040)
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank	DNA sequence Protein sequence Name AA567704   AA948992   AE014297 AAF54859   AE014297 AAF54860   AF187998 AAF43601   AF187999 AAF43602   AF188000 AAF43603   AE014297 AGB95891   AI062582   AI109241   AI113348   AI258186   AI258979   AI295700   AI295757   AI297942   AI389417   AI389423   AI402720   AI403673   AI403683   AI404174   AI404880   AI531341   AI531667   AI532234   AI532327   AI534418   AI945435   AI946400   AJ251545 CAB64262   AQ025061   AQ025071   AQ025097   AQ025100   AQ025102   AQ025207   AQ025272   AQ073955   AQ254603   AW942773   AX094154   AY118540 AAM49909   BE977088   BF486099   BF497876   BG634378   BG635622   BG636825   BG637240   BH146183   BI162699   BI162700   BI163214   BI168057   BI173467   BI215699   BI228328   BI237258   BI238418   BI357492   BI364358   BI365944   BI367939   BI376177   BI485654   BI487259   BI565869   BI568756   BI571310   BI571717   BI572078   BI572770   BI572820   BI572857   BI579552   BI582896   BI583170   BI583429   BI583648   BI584259   BI584435   BI586976   BI590953   BI592504   BI604742   BI604779   BI604785   BI607974   BI616205   BI619410   BI619622   BI619974   BI622425   BI624051   BI628936   BI630038   BI633602   BI634064   BI634071   BI635235   BI638237   BI639359   BI640199   BI640335   BI641489   BI641961   BP541856   BP555610   BP555611   BP559071   BT100054   CA804977   CO280374   CO301536   CO313245   CO317916   CO339316   CO343718   CZ467108   CZ472165   CZ472166   CZ475708   CZ477499   DQ148977 ABA19464   DQ148978 ABA19465   DQ148979 ABA19466   DQ148980 ABA19467   DQ148981 ABA19468   DQ148982 ABA19469   DQ148983 ABA19470   DQ148984 ABA19471   DQ148985 ABA19472   DQ148986 ABA19473   DQ148987 ABA19474   DQ148988 ABA19475   DQ148989 ABA19476   DQ148990 ABA19477   DQ148991 ABA19478   DQ148992 ABA19479   DQ148993 ABA19480   DQ148994 ABA19481   DQ148995 ABA19482   DQ148996 ABA19483   DQ148997 ABA19484   DQ148998 ABA19485   DQ148999 ABA19486   DQ149000 ABA19487   DQ149001 ABA19488   DQ149002 ABA19489   DQ149003 ABA19490   DQ149004 ABA19491   DQ149005 ABA19492   DQ149006 ABA19493   DQ149007 ABA19494   DQ149008 ABA19495   DQ149009 ABA19496   EC057322   EC073301   EC217344   EC234716   EC238712   EC256714   ES689057   EV575696   EV576787   EV578028   EV586220   EV589751   EV590731   EV592636   EV593761   EV599741   FE862623   FE862651   FE862678   FE862712   FE862734   FE863163   FE863230   FE863257   FE863294   GH738943   GH741703   GH742922   GH743330   GH743657   GH744039   GH744443   GH744496   GH744998   GH745512   GH745515   GH745832   GH746822   GH761542   GH762113   GH762218   GH762687   GH763515   GH763846   GH764619   GH764780   GH764916   GH765513   GH765801   GH765933   GH766285   GH767226   GH768033   GH769562   GH769900   GO254440   GO254525
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
UniProtKB/TrEMBL	Q9VG31 Q9VG32 Q9NIW2 Q2QBM1 Q9NIW0 Q9NIW1 Q9U1J1
Mapped Features
Mapped Features have been reorganized, please see this article for details. Additional mapped features and mutations can be found on GBrowse or related reports. Type Symbol & Location Additional Notes References
External Data
Linkouts
Crossreferences
Expression Data
Transcript Expression
in situ Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference embryonic stage 1 -- 3   organism   (Fisher et al., 2012) Comment:maternally deposited embryonic stage 4 -- 6   pole cell   (Fisher et al., 2012) embryonic stage 11 -- 12   central brain primordium   (Fisher et al., 2012) procrystal cell   (Fisher et al., 2012) ventral midline neuroblast   (Fisher et al., 2012) ventral nerve cord primordium   (Fisher et al., 2012) yolk nucleus   (Fisher et al., 2012) embryonic stage 13 -- 16   crystal cell   (Fisher et al., 2012) embryonic brain   (Fisher et al., 2012) embryonic dorsal epidermis   (Fisher et al., 2012) embryonic/larval lymph gland   (Fisher et al., 2012) embryonic/larval muscle system   (Fisher et al., 2012) embryonic/larval nervous system   (Fisher et al., 2012) embryonic/larval oenocyte   (Fisher et al., 2012) embryonic/larval somatic muscle   (Fisher et al., 2012) plasmatocyte   (Fisher et al., 2012) ventral midline   (Fisher et al., 2012) ventral nerve cord   (Fisher et al., 2012) yolk nucleus   (Fisher et al., 2012)
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Polypeptide Expression
mass spectroscopy Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference day 5 of adulthood & male -- day 7 of adulthood & male   spermatozoon   (Wasbrough et al., 2010) day 7 of adulthood -- day 49 of adulthood   adult heart   (Cammarato et al., 2011)
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
Subcellular Localization (GO Cellular Component)
CV term Evidence References
Expression Deduced from Reporters
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools
Reference	See Gelbart and Emmert, 2010.10.13 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
FlyAtlas Anatomy Microarray
FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data (FlyAtlas-RNA.adult) (FlyAtlas-RNA.larva)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap Back-to-back    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High level expression bin max Very high expression bin max Summary of FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data: Many larval and adult organs/tissues expressed at high levels. Expression at high levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult head, adult eye, larval/adult central nervous system, adult crop, larval/adult midgut, larval/adult hindgut, larval/adult Malpighian tubules, adult heart, adult fat body, adult spermathecae, adult testis, larval/adult carcass. Expression at moderate levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult brain, larval fat body, larval trachea, adult ovary, adult male accessory gland. [download data (TSV)] Guide to FlyAtlas expression level colors   No expression (0 - 9.999)   Low expression (10 - 99.999)   Moderate expression (100 - 499.999)   High level expression (500 - 999.999)   Very high expression (>999.999) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    672.15 Larval Midgut    734.9 Larval Hindgut    664.4 Larval Malpighian Tubules    1087.9 Larval Fat Body    440 Larval Salivary Gland    24.9 Larval Trachea    216.25 Larval Carcass    762.4 Adult Head    1514.1 Adult Eye    868.3 Adult Brain    456.2 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    557.7 Adult Crop    2003.7 Adult Midgut    545.1 Adult Hindgut    945.7 Adult Malpighian Tubules    1977.3 Adult Fat Body    3827.3 Adult Salivary Gland    51.7 Adult Heart    2915.3 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    4206.5 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    2897.6 Adult Ovary    479.6 Adult Testis    785.1 Adult Male Accessory Gland    276.1 Adult Carcass    2830.2 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System  (672.15) Larval Midgut  (734.9) Larval Hindgut  (664.4) Larval Malpighian Tubules  (1087.9) Larval Fat Body    440 Larval Salivary Gland    24.9 Larval Trachea    216.25 Larval Carcass  (762.4) Adult Head  (1514.1) Adult Eye  (868.3) Adult Brain    456.2 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion  (557.7) Adult Crop  (2003.7) Adult Midgut  (545.1) Adult Hindgut  (945.7) Adult Malpighian Tubules  (1977.3) Adult Fat Body  (3827.3) Adult Salivary Gland    51.7 Adult Heart  (2915.3) Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca  (4206.5) Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca  (2897.6) Adult Ovary    479.6 Adult Testis  (785.1) Adult Male Accessory Gland    276.1 Adult Carcass  (2830.2) Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High  Linear, scaled to High level expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    672.15 Larval Midgut    734.9 Larval Hindgut    664.4 Larval Malpighian Tubules  (1087.9) Larval Fat Body    440 Larval Salivary Gland    24.9 Larval Trachea    216.25 Larval Carcass    762.4 Adult Head  (1514.1) Adult Eye    868.3 Adult Brain    456.2 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    557.7 Adult Crop  (2003.7) Adult Midgut    545.1 Adult Hindgut    945.7 Adult Malpighian Tubules  (1977.3) Adult Fat Body  (3827.3) Adult Salivary Gland    51.7 Adult Heart  (2915.3) Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca  (4206.5) Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca  (2897.6) Adult Ovary    479.6 Adult Testis    785.1 Adult Male Accessory Gland    276.1 Adult Carcass  (2830.2) Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Very high expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    672.15 Larval Midgut    734.9 Larval Hindgut    664.4 Larval Malpighian Tubules    1087.9 Larval Fat Body    440 Larval Salivary Gland    24.9 Larval Trachea    216.25 Larval Carcass    762.4 Adult Head    1514.1 Adult Eye    868.3 Adult Brain    456.2 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    557.7 Adult Crop    2003.7 Adult Midgut    545.1 Adult Hindgut    945.7 Adult Malpighian Tubules    1977.3 Adult Fat Body    3827.3 Adult Salivary Gland    51.7 Adult Heart    2915.3 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    4206.5 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    2897.6 Adult Ovary    479.6 Adult Testis    785.1 Adult Male Accessory Gland    276.1 Adult Carcass    2830.2 Expression Level Scale  Very high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    672.15 Larval Midgut    734.9 Larval Hindgut    664.4 Larval Malpighian Tubules    1087.9 Larval Fat Body    440 Larval Salivary Gland    24.9 Larval Trachea    216.25 Larval Carcass    762.4 Adult Head    1514.1 Adult Eye    868.3 Adult Brain    456.2 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    557.7 Adult Crop    2003.7 Adult Midgut    545.1 Adult Hindgut    945.7 Adult Malpighian Tubules    1977.3 Adult Fat Body    3827.3 Adult Salivary Gland    51.7 Adult Heart    2915.3 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    4206.5 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    2897.6 Adult Ovary    479.6 Adult Testis    785.1 Adult Male Accessory Gland    276.1 Adult Carcass    2830.2 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  log, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System  672.15 Larval Midgut  734.9 Larval Hindgut  664.4 Larval Malpighian Tubules  (1087.9) Larval Fat Body    440 Larval Salivary Gland    24.9 Larval Trachea    216.25 Larval Carcass  762.4 Adult Head  (1514.1) Adult Eye  (868.3) Adult Brain    456.2 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion  557.7 Adult Crop  (2003.7) Adult Midgut  545.1 Adult Hindgut  (945.7) Adult Malpighian Tubules  (1977.3) Adult Fat Body  (3827.3) Adult Salivary Gland    51.7 Adult Heart  (2915.3) Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca  (4206.5) Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca  (2897.6) Adult Ovary    479.6 Adult Testis  785.1 Adult Male Accessory Gland    276.1 Adult Carcass  (2830.2) Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High  log, scaled to High level expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    672.15 Larval Midgut    734.9 Larval Hindgut    664.4 Larval Malpighian Tubules  1087.9 Larval Fat Body    440 Larval Salivary Gland    24.9 Larval Trachea    216.25 Larval Carcass    762.4 Adult Head  1514.1 Adult Eye    868.3 Adult Brain    456.2 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    557.7 Adult Crop  (2003.7) Adult Midgut    545.1 Adult Hindgut    945.7 Adult Malpighian Tubules  (1977.3) Adult Fat Body  (3827.3) Adult Salivary Gland    51.7 Adult Heart  (2915.3) Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca  (4206.5) Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca  (2897.6) Adult Ovary    479.6 Adult Testis    785.1 Adult Male Accessory Gland    276.1 Adult Carcass  (2830.2) Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  log, scaled to Very high expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    672.15 Larval Midgut    734.9 Larval Hindgut    664.4 Larval Malpighian Tubules    1087.9 Larval Fat Body    440 Larval Salivary Gland    24.9 Larval Trachea    216.25 Larval Carcass    762.4 Adult Head    1514.1 Adult Eye    868.3 Adult Brain    456.2 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    557.7 Adult Crop    2003.7 Adult Midgut    545.1 Adult Hindgut    945.7 Adult Malpighian Tubules    1977.3 Adult Fat Body    3827.3 Adult Salivary Gland    51.7 Adult Heart    2915.3 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    4206.5 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    2897.6 Adult Ovary    479.6 Adult Testis    785.1 Adult Male Accessory Gland    276.1 Adult Carcass    2830.2 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  Heatmap Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System     Larval Midgut     Larval Hindgut     Larval Malpighian Tubules     Larval Fat Body     Larval Salivary Gland     Larval Trachea     Larval Carcass     Adult Head     Adult Eye     Adult Brain     Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion     Adult Crop     Adult Midgut     Adult Hindgut     Adult Malpighian Tubules     Adult Fat Body     Adult Salivary Gland     Adult Heart     Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca     Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca     Adult Ovary     Adult Testis     Adult Male Accessory Gland     Adult Carcass     FlyAtlas Organ/Tissue Expression, larval vs. adult Larval Expression Level Tissue Adult Expression Level   NA  Head    1514.1   NA  Eye    868.3   NA  Brain    456.2   672.15  Central Nervous System    NA   NA  Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    557.7   NA  Crop    2003.7   734.9  Midgut    545.1   664.4  Hindgut    945.7   1087.9  Malpighian Tubules    1977.3   440  Fat Body    3827.3   no informative data  Salivary Gland    no informative data   NA  Heart    2915.3   216.25  Trachea    NA   NA  VirginFemale Spermatheca    4206.5   NA  InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    2897.6   NA  Ovary    479.6   NA  Testis    785.1   NA  Male Accessory Gland    276.1   762.4  Carcass    2830.2 FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data (Chintapalli et al., 2007)
modENCODE Anatomy RNA-Seq
modENCODE Tissue Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_tissues)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    40 central nervous system, larvae L3    34 central nervous system, pupae P8    32 head, virgin 1-day female    150 head, virgin 4-day female    146 head, virgin 20-day female    227 head, mated 1-day female    174 head, mated 4-day female    155 head, mated 20-day female    214 head, mated 1-day male    208 head, mated 4-day male    205 head, mated 20-day male    228 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    1 salivary gland, white prepupae    9 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    12 digestive system, 1-day adult    103 digestive system, 4-day adult    76 digestive system, 20-day adult    89 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    149 fat body, white prepupae    81 fat body, pupae P8    109 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    23 carcass, 1-day adult    238 carcass, 4-day adult    192 carcass, 20-day adult    306 ovary, virgin 4-day female    28 ovary, mated 4-day female    28 testis, mated 4-day male    126 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    48 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering  (40) central nervous system, larvae L3  (34) central nervous system, pupae P8  (32) head, virgin 1-day female  (150) head, virgin 4-day female  (146) head, virgin 20-day female  (227) head, mated 1-day female  (174) head, mated 4-day female  (155) head, mated 20-day female  (214) head, mated 1-day male  (208) head, mated 4-day male  (205) head, mated 20-day male  (228) salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    1 salivary gland, white prepupae    9 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    12 digestive system, 1-day adult  (103) digestive system, 4-day adult  (76) digestive system, 20-day adult  (89) fat body, larvae L3 wandering  (149) fat body, white prepupae  (81) fat body, pupae P8  (109) carcass, larvae L3 wandering    23 carcass, 1-day adult  (238) carcass, 4-day adult  (192) carcass, 20-day adult  (306) ovary, virgin 4-day female  (28) ovary, mated 4-day female  (28) testis, mated 4-day male  (126) accessory gland, mated 4-day male  (48) Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    40 central nervous system, larvae L3    34 central nervous system, pupae P8    32 head, virgin 1-day female  (150) head, virgin 4-day female  (146) head, virgin 20-day female  (227) head, mated 1-day female  (174) head, mated 4-day female  (155) head, mated 20-day female  (214) head, mated 1-day male  (208) head, mated 4-day male  (205) head, mated 20-day male  (228) salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    1 salivary gland, white prepupae    9 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    12 digestive system, 1-day adult  103 digestive system, 4-day adult    76 digestive system, 20-day adult    89 fat body, larvae L3 wandering  (149) fat body, white prepupae    81 fat body, pupae P8  (109) carcass, larvae L3 wandering    23 carcass, 1-day adult  (238) carcass, 4-day adult  (192) carcass, 20-day adult  (306) ovary, virgin 4-day female    28 ovary, mated 4-day female    28 testis, mated 4-day male  (126) accessory gland, mated 4-day male    48 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    40 central nervous system, larvae L3    34 central nervous system, pupae P8    32 head, virgin 1-day female    150 head, virgin 4-day female    146 head, virgin 20-day female    227 head, mated 1-day female    174 head, mated 4-day female    155 head, mated 20-day female    214 head, mated 1-day male    208 head, mated 4-day male    205 head, mated 20-day male    228 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    1 salivary gland, white prepupae    9 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    12 digestive system, 1-day adult    103 digestive system, 4-day adult    76 digestive system, 20-day adult    89 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    149 fat body, white prepupae    81 fat body, pupae P8    109 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    23 carcass, 1-day adult    238 carcass, 4-day adult    192 carcass, 20-day adult    306 ovary, virgin 4-day female    28 ovary, mated 4-day female    28 testis, mated 4-day male    126 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    48 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    40 central nervous system, larvae L3    34 central nervous system, pupae P8    32 head, virgin 1-day female    150 head, virgin 4-day female    146 head, virgin 20-day female    227 head, mated 1-day female    174 head, mated 4-day female    155 head, mated 20-day female    214 head, mated 1-day male    208 head, mated 4-day male    205 head, mated 20-day male    228 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    1 salivary gland, white prepupae    9 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    12 digestive system, 1-day adult    103 digestive system, 4-day adult    76 digestive system, 20-day adult    89 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    149 fat body, white prepupae    81 fat body, pupae P8    109 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    23 carcass, 1-day adult    238 carcass, 4-day adult    192 carcass, 20-day adult    306 ovary, virgin 4-day female    28 ovary, mated 4-day female    28 testis, mated 4-day male    126 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    48 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering  (40) central nervous system, larvae L3  (34) central nervous system, pupae P8  32 head, virgin 1-day female  (150) head, virgin 4-day female  (146) head, virgin 20-day female  (227) head, mated 1-day female  (174) head, mated 4-day female  (155) head, mated 20-day female  (214) head, mated 1-day male  (208) head, mated 4-day male  (205) head, mated 20-day male  (228) salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    1 salivary gland, white prepupae    9 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    12 digestive system, 1-day adult  (103) digestive system, 4-day adult  (76) digestive system, 20-day adult  (89) fat body, larvae L3 wandering  (149) fat body, white prepupae  (81) fat body, pupae P8  (109) carcass, larvae L3 wandering    23 carcass, 1-day adult  (238) carcass, 4-day adult  (192) carcass, 20-day adult  (306) ovary, virgin 4-day female  28 ovary, mated 4-day female  28 testis, mated 4-day male  (126) accessory gland, mated 4-day male  (48) Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    40 central nervous system, larvae L3    34 central nervous system, pupae P8    32 head, virgin 1-day female  (150) head, virgin 4-day female  (146) head, virgin 20-day female  (227) head, mated 1-day female  (174) head, mated 4-day female  (155) head, mated 20-day female  (214) head, mated 1-day male  (208) head, mated 4-day male  (205) head, mated 20-day male  (228) salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    1 salivary gland, white prepupae    9 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    12 digestive system, 1-day adult  103 digestive system, 4-day adult    76 digestive system, 20-day adult    89 fat body, larvae L3 wandering  (149) fat body, white prepupae    81 fat body, pupae P8  109 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    23 carcass, 1-day adult  (238) carcass, 4-day adult  (192) carcass, 20-day adult  (306) ovary, virgin 4-day female    28 ovary, mated 4-day female    28 testis, mated 4-day male  126 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    48 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    40 central nervous system, larvae L3    34 central nervous system, pupae P8    32 head, virgin 1-day female    150 head, virgin 4-day female    146 head, virgin 20-day female    227 head, mated 1-day female    174 head, mated 4-day female    155 head, mated 20-day female    214 head, mated 1-day male    208 head, mated 4-day male    205 head, mated 20-day male    228 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    1 salivary gland, white prepupae    9 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    12 digestive system, 1-day adult    103 digestive system, 4-day adult    76 digestive system, 20-day adult    89 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    149 fat body, white prepupae    81 fat body, pupae P8    109 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    23 carcass, 1-day adult    238 carcass, 4-day adult    192 carcass, 20-day adult    306 ovary, virgin 4-day female    28 ovary, mated 4-day female    28 testis, mated 4-day male    126 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    48 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering     central nervous system, larvae L3     central nervous system, pupae P8     head, virgin 1-day female     head, virgin 4-day female     head, virgin 20-day female     head, mated 1-day female     head, mated 4-day female     head, mated 20-day female     head, mated 1-day male     head, mated 4-day male     head, mated 20-day male     salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering     salivary gland, white prepupae     digestive system, larvae L3 wandering     digestive system, 1-day adult     digestive system, 4-day adult     digestive system, 20-day adult     fat body, larvae L3 wandering     fat body, white prepupae     fat body, pupae P8     carcass, larvae L3 wandering     carcass, 1-day adult     carcass, 4-day adult     carcass, 20-day adult     ovary, virgin 4-day female     ovary, mated 4-day female     testis, mated 4-day male     accessory gland, mated 4-day male
modENCODE Development RNA-Seq
modENCODE Temporal Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_U)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max Summary of modENCODE Temporal Expression Profile: Temporal profile ranges from a peak of very high expression to a trough of moderate expression. Peak expression observed within 12-24 hour embryonic stages, during early larval stages, during late pupal stages, in adult male stages. [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    61 embryo 02-04hr    9 embryo 04-06hr    10 embryo 06-08hr    58 embryo 08-10hr    75 embryo 10-12hr    82 embryo 12-14hr    62 embryo 14-16hr    96 embryo 16-18hr    140 embryo 18-20hr    240 embryo 20-22hr    463 embryo 22-24hr    477 larva L1    286 larva L2    258 larva L3 12hr old    258 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    107 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    47 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    28 white prepupae new    78 white prepupae 12hr    81 white prepupae 24hr    65 pupae 2d postWPP    74 pupae 3d postWPP    68 pupae 4d postWPP    172 adult male 01day    187 adult male 05day    202 adult male 30day    203 adult female 01day    108 adult female 05day    119 adult female 30day    130 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr  (61) embryo 02-04hr    9 embryo 04-06hr    10 embryo 06-08hr  (58) embryo 08-10hr  (75) embryo 10-12hr  (82) embryo 12-14hr  (62) embryo 14-16hr  (96) embryo 16-18hr  (140) embryo 18-20hr  (240) embryo 20-22hr  (463) embryo 22-24hr  (477) larva L1  (286) larva L2  (258) larva L3 12hr old  (258) larva L3 puffstage 1-2  (107) larva L3 puffstage 3-6  (47) larva L3 puffstage 7-9  (28) white prepupae new  (78) white prepupae 12hr  (81) white prepupae 24hr  (65) pupae 2d postWPP  (74) pupae 3d postWPP  (68) pupae 4d postWPP  (172) adult male 01day  (187) adult male 05day  (202) adult male 30day  (203) adult female 01day  (108) adult female 05day  (119) adult female 30day  (130) Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    61 embryo 02-04hr    9 embryo 04-06hr    10 embryo 06-08hr    58 embryo 08-10hr    75 embryo 10-12hr    82 embryo 12-14hr    62 embryo 14-16hr    96 embryo 16-18hr  (140) embryo 18-20hr  (240) embryo 20-22hr  (463) embryo 22-24hr  (477) larva L1  (286) larva L2  (258) larva L3 12hr old  (258) larva L3 puffstage 1-2  107 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    47 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    28 white prepupae new    78 white prepupae 12hr    81 white prepupae 24hr    65 pupae 2d postWPP    74 pupae 3d postWPP    68 pupae 4d postWPP  (172) adult male 01day  (187) adult male 05day  (202) adult male 30day  (203) adult female 01day  (108) adult female 05day  (119) adult female 30day  (130) Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    61 embryo 02-04hr    9 embryo 04-06hr    10 embryo 06-08hr    58 embryo 08-10hr    75 embryo 10-12hr    82 embryo 12-14hr    62 embryo 14-16hr    96 embryo 16-18hr    140 embryo 18-20hr    240 embryo 20-22hr    463 embryo 22-24hr    477 larva L1    286 larva L2    258 larva L3 12hr old    258 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    107 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    47 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    28 white prepupae new    78 white prepupae 12hr    81 white prepupae 24hr    65 pupae 2d postWPP    74 pupae 3d postWPP    68 pupae 4d postWPP    172 adult male 01day    187 adult male 05day    202 adult male 30day    203 adult female 01day    108 adult female 05day    119 adult female 30day    130 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    61 embryo 02-04hr    9 embryo 04-06hr    10 embryo 06-08hr    58 embryo 08-10hr    75 embryo 10-12hr    82 embryo 12-14hr    62 embryo 14-16hr    96 embryo 16-18hr    140 embryo 18-20hr    240 embryo 20-22hr    463 embryo 22-24hr    477 larva L1    286 larva L2    258 larva L3 12hr old    258 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    107 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    47 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    28 white prepupae new    78 white prepupae 12hr    81 white prepupae 24hr    65 pupae 2d postWPP    74 pupae 3d postWPP    68 pupae 4d postWPP    172 adult male 01day    187 adult male 05day    202 adult male 30day    203 adult female 01day    108 adult female 05day    119 adult female 30day    130 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Moderate expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr  (61) embryo 02-04hr    9 embryo 04-06hr    10 embryo 06-08hr  (58) embryo 08-10hr  (75) embryo 10-12hr  (82) embryo 12-14hr  (62) embryo 14-16hr  (96) embryo 16-18hr  (140) embryo 18-20hr  (240) embryo 20-22hr  (463) embryo 22-24hr  (477) larva L1  (286) larva L2  (258) larva L3 12hr old  (258) larva L3 puffstage 1-2  (107) larva L3 puffstage 3-6  (47) larva L3 puffstage 7-9  28 white prepupae new  (78) white prepupae 12hr  (81) white prepupae 24hr  (65) pupae 2d postWPP  (74) pupae 3d postWPP  (68) pupae 4d postWPP  (172) adult male 01day  (187) adult male 05day  (202) adult male 30day  (203) adult female 01day  (108) adult female 05day  (119) adult female 30day  (130) Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    61 embryo 02-04hr    9 embryo 04-06hr    10 embryo 06-08hr    58 embryo 08-10hr    75 embryo 10-12hr    82 embryo 12-14hr    62 embryo 14-16hr    96 embryo 16-18hr  140 embryo 18-20hr  (240) embryo 20-22hr  (463) embryo 22-24hr  (477) larva L1  (286) larva L2  (258) larva L3 12hr old  (258) larva L3 puffstage 1-2  107 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    47 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    28 white prepupae new    78 white prepupae 12hr    81 white prepupae 24hr    65 pupae 2d postWPP    74 pupae 3d postWPP    68 pupae 4d postWPP  (172) adult male 01day  (187) adult male 05day  (202) adult male 30day  (203) adult female 01day  108 adult female 05day  119 adult female 30day  130 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    61 embryo 02-04hr    9 embryo 04-06hr    10 embryo 06-08hr    58 embryo 08-10hr    75 embryo 10-12hr    82 embryo 12-14hr    62 embryo 14-16hr    96 embryo 16-18hr    140 embryo 18-20hr    240 embryo 20-22hr    463 embryo 22-24hr    477 larva L1    286 larva L2    258 larva L3 12hr old    258 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    107 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    47 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    28 white prepupae new    78 white prepupae 12hr    81 white prepupae 24hr    65 pupae 2d postWPP    74 pupae 3d postWPP    68 pupae 4d postWPP    172 adult male 01day    187 adult male 05day    202 adult male 30day    203 adult female 01day    108 adult female 05day    119 adult female 30day    130 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr     embryo 02-04hr     embryo 04-06hr     embryo 06-08hr     embryo 08-10hr     embryo 10-12hr     embryo 12-14hr     embryo 14-16hr     embryo 16-18hr     embryo 18-20hr     embryo 20-22hr     embryo 22-24hr     larva L1     larva L2     larva L3 12hr old     larva L3 puffstage 1-2     larva L3 puffstage 3-6     larva L3 puffstage 7-9     white prepupae new     white prepupae 12hr     white prepupae 24hr     pupae 2d postWPP     pupae 3d postWPP     pupae 4d postWPP     adult male 01day     adult male 05day     adult male 30day     adult female 01day     adult female 05day     adult female 30day     modENCODE Temporal Expression Data (Graveley et al., 2011)
modENCODE Cell Lines RNA-Seq
modENCODE Cell Line Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_cell.A) (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_cell.B)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    71 Schneider line 2 Sg4    41 embryonic 1182-4H    157 embryonic GM2    307 embryonic Kc167    72 embryonic S1    219 embryonic S3    7 leg disc CME L1    41 wing disc CME-W2    58 wing disc ML-DmD8    217 wing disc ML-DmD9    168 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    78 wing disc ML-DmD21    44 wing disc ML-DmD32    94 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    82 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    230 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    73 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    319 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    78 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    98 tumorous blood cells mbn2    41 ovary fGS/OSS    12 ovary OSC    53 ovary OSS    48 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+  (71) Schneider line 2 Sg4  (41) embryonic 1182-4H  (157) embryonic GM2  (307) embryonic Kc167  (72) embryonic S1  (219) embryonic S3    7 leg disc CME L1  (41) wing disc CME-W2  (58) wing disc ML-DmD8  (217) wing disc ML-DmD9  (168) wing disc ML-DmD16-c3  (78) wing disc ML-DmD21  (44) wing disc ML-DmD32  (94) haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3  (82) eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11  (230) antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5  (73) mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1  (319) CNS ML-DmBG1-c1  (78) CNS ML-DmBG2-c2  (98) tumorous blood cells mbn2  (41) ovary fGS/OSS    12 ovary OSC  (53) ovary OSS  (48) Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    71 Schneider line 2 Sg4    41 embryonic 1182-4H  (157) embryonic GM2  (307) embryonic Kc167    72 embryonic S1  (219) embryonic S3    7 leg disc CME L1    41 wing disc CME-W2    58 wing disc ML-DmD8  (217) wing disc ML-DmD9  (168) wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    78 wing disc ML-DmD21    44 wing disc ML-DmD32    94 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    82 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11  (230) antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    73 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1  (319) CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    78 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    98 tumorous blood cells mbn2    41 ovary fGS/OSS    12 ovary OSC    53 ovary OSS    48 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    71 Schneider line 2 Sg4    41 embryonic 1182-4H    157 embryonic GM2    307 embryonic Kc167    72 embryonic S1    219 embryonic S3    7 leg disc CME L1    41 wing disc CME-W2    58 wing disc ML-DmD8    217 wing disc ML-DmD9    168 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    78 wing disc ML-DmD21    44 wing disc ML-DmD32    94 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    82 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    230 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    73 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    319 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    78 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    98 tumorous blood cells mbn2    41 ovary fGS/OSS    12 ovary OSC    53 ovary OSS    48 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    71 Schneider line 2 Sg4    41 embryonic 1182-4H    157 embryonic GM2    307 embryonic Kc167    72 embryonic S1    219 embryonic S3    7 leg disc CME L1    41 wing disc CME-W2    58 wing disc ML-DmD8    217 wing disc ML-DmD9    168 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    78 wing disc ML-DmD21    44 wing disc ML-DmD32    94 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    82 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    230 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    73 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    319 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    78 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    98 tumorous blood cells mbn2    41 ovary fGS/OSS    12 ovary OSC    53 ovary OSS    48 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Moderate expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+  (71) Schneider line 2 Sg4  (41) embryonic 1182-4H  (157) embryonic GM2  (307) embryonic Kc167  (72) embryonic S1  (219) embryonic S3    7 leg disc CME L1  (41) wing disc CME-W2  (58) wing disc ML-DmD8  (217) wing disc ML-DmD9  (168) wing disc ML-DmD16-c3  (78) wing disc ML-DmD21  (44) wing disc ML-DmD32  (94) haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3  (82) eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11  (230) antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5  (73) mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1  (319) CNS ML-DmBG1-c1  (78) CNS ML-DmBG2-c2  (98) tumorous blood cells mbn2  (41) ovary fGS/OSS    12 ovary OSC  (53) ovary OSS  (48) Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    71 Schneider line 2 Sg4    41 embryonic 1182-4H  (157) embryonic GM2  (307) embryonic Kc167    72 embryonic S1  (219) embryonic S3    7 leg disc CME L1    41 wing disc CME-W2    58 wing disc ML-DmD8  (217) wing disc ML-DmD9  (168) wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    78 wing disc ML-DmD21    44 wing disc ML-DmD32    94 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    82 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11  (230) antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    73 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1  (319) CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    78 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    98 tumorous blood cells mbn2    41 ovary fGS/OSS    12 ovary OSC    53 ovary OSS    48 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    71 Schneider line 2 Sg4    41 embryonic 1182-4H    157 embryonic GM2    307 embryonic Kc167    72 embryonic S1    219 embryonic S3    7 leg disc CME L1    41 wing disc CME-W2    58 wing disc ML-DmD8    217 wing disc ML-DmD9    168 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    78 wing disc ML-DmD21    44 wing disc ML-DmD32    94 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    82 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    230 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    73 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    319 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    78 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    98 tumorous blood cells mbn2    41 ovary fGS/OSS    12 ovary OSC    53 ovary OSS    48 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+     Schneider line 2 Sg4     embryonic 1182-4H     embryonic GM2     embryonic Kc167     embryonic S1     embryonic S3     leg disc CME L1     wing disc CME-W2     wing disc ML-DmD8     wing disc ML-DmD9     wing disc ML-DmD16-c3     wing disc ML-DmD21     wing disc ML-DmD32     haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3     eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11     antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5     mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1     CNS ML-DmBG1-c1     CNS ML-DmBG2-c2     tumorous blood cells mbn2     ovary fGS/OSS     ovary OSC     ovary OSS
modENCODE Treatments RNA-Seq
modENCODE Treatment Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_treatments)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    45 cold shock, 4-day adult    34 heat shock, 4-day adult    139 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    202 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    62 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    186 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    62 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    81 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    58 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    62 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    59 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    80 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    319 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    217 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    194 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    85 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    52 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    86 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    180 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    156 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    236 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult  (45) cold shock, 4-day adult  (34) heat shock, 4-day adult  (139) Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3  (202) Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3  (62) Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (186) Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (62) Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3  (81) Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (58) Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3  (62) Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (59) Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3  (80) Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3  (319) Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3  (217) Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3  (194) Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (85) Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (52) Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (86) Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (180) Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3  (156) Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3  (236) Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    45 cold shock, 4-day adult    34 heat shock, 4-day adult  (139) Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3  (202) Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    62 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (186) Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    62 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    81 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    58 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    62 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    59 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    80 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3  (319) Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3  (217) Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3  (194) Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    85 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    52 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    86 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (180) Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3  (156) Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3  (236) Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    45 cold shock, 4-day adult    34 heat shock, 4-day adult    139 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    202 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    62 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    186 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    62 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    81 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    58 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    62 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    59 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    80 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    319 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    217 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    194 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    85 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    52 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    86 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    180 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    156 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    236 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    45 cold shock, 4-day adult    34 heat shock, 4-day adult    139 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    202 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    62 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    186 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    62 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    81 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    58 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    62 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    59 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    80 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    319 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    217 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    194 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    85 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    52 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    86 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    180 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    156 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    236 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Moderate expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult  (45) cold shock, 4-day adult  (34) heat shock, 4-day adult  (139) Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3  (202) Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3  (62) Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (186) Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (62) Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3  (81) Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (58) Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3  (62) Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (59) Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3  (80) Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3  (319) Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3  (217) Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3  (194) Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (85) Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (52) Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (86) Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (180) Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3  (156) Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3  (236) Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    45 cold shock, 4-day adult    34 heat shock, 4-day adult  139 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3  (202) Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    62 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (186) Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    62 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    81 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    58 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    62 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    59 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    80 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3  (319) Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3  (217) Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3  (194) Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    85 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    52 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    86 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (180) Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3  (156) Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3  (236) Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    45 cold shock, 4-day adult    34 heat shock, 4-day adult    139 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    202 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    62 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    186 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    62 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    81 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    58 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    62 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    59 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    80 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    319 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    217 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    194 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    85 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    52 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    86 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    180 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    156 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    236 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult     cold shock, 4-day adult     heat shock, 4-day adult     Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3     Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3     Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3     Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3     Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3     Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3     Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3     Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3     Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3     Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3
Expression Clusters
	A cluster of genes with similar mRNA expression dynamics across development. (The modENCODE Consortium, 2010, Graveley et al., 2011) mE2_34_mRNA_expression_cluster_20 mE1_20_mRNA_expression_cluster_10
External Data & Images
Linkouts	BDGP expression data • LD27718 FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies • FBgn0002719 FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array • CG10120-RB FlyExpress - Embryonic expression images (BDGP data) • Show all FlyExpress processed images for Men Stages(s) 1-3 Stages(s) 4-6 Stages(s) 9-10 Stages(s) 11-12 Stages(s) 13-16
Alleles & Phenotypes
Summary of Allele Phenotypes
Lethality Allele viable MenCC06325 MenEx8- MenEx12- MenEx30- MenEx43- MenEx-48 MenEx52- MenEx55- MenEx57- MenEx58- MenEx60- MenEx76- MenEx77- MenEx81- MenEx86- MenEx109- MenEx119- MenEx125- MenT190-26 viable | poor MenEx9- MenEx15- Sterility Allele fertile | poor MenEx9- MenEx15- Other Phenotypes Allele electrophoretic variant | fast Men6 electrophoretic variant | intermediate Men4 electrophoretic variant | slow Men2 long lived, with Scer\GAL4da.Switch.PT MenEP1250 sleep defective MenBG01628 visible, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PF MenEP1250 Phenotype manifest in Allele eye, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PF MenEP1250 germline cell | male, with Scer\GAL4ptc-559.1 MenEP500
Classical Alleles ( 81 )
For All Classical Alleles Show
Allele of Men Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion Men4 spontaneous natural population 3 -- Men6 spontaneous natural population 3 -- Men5-HA-1025 1 -- Men5-HA-1631 1 -- Men5-HA-2188 1 -- Men5-SZ-3237 1 -- Men5-SZ-3451 1 -- MenBG02790 P-element activity 1 -- Menc01372 piggyBac transposase 1 -- MenCB-0569-3 1 -- MenCB-6459-3 1 -- Mend01330 P-element activity 1 -- MenEY01756b P-element activity 1 -- MenEY06399 P-element activity 1 -- Menf01150 1 -- MenMI01213 1 -- MennNC1 loss of function allele spontaneous natural population 1 -- MennNC2 loss of function allele spontaneous natural population 1 -- MennNC3 loss of function allele spontaneous natural population 1 -- MenNP0587 1 -- MenNP0830 1 -- MenNP1333 1 -- MenNP1367 1 -- MenNP3447 1 -- MenNP4440 1 -- MenNP5383 1 -- MenNP6538 1 -- MenNP6610 1 -- MenNP7439 1 -- MenUM-8082-3 1 -- Men113A natural population 0 Yes Men113G natural population 0 Yes Men2 spontaneous natural population 0 -- MenBG01628 P-element activity 0 -- MenCC06325 P-element activity 0 Yes MenCPTI002759 piggyBac transposase 0 Yes MenCPTI004074 piggyBac transposase 0 Yes MenCT natural population 0 Yes Mend07397 P-element activity 0 -- Mend10913 P-element activity 0 -- MenDG05708 P-element activity 0 -- MenEP1250 P-element activity 0 Yes MenEP3092 P-element activity 0 Yes MenEP309 P-element activity 0 Yes MenEP3376 P-element activity 0 -- MenEP377 P-element activity 0 Yes MenEP500 P-element activity 0 -- MenEP507 P-element activity 0 -- MenEP517 P-element activity 0 Yes MenEP675 P-element activity 0 Yes MenEx-48 Delta2-3 0 Yes MenEx109- Delta2-3 0 Yes MenEx119- Delta2-3 0 Yes MenEx12- Delta2-3 0 Yes MenEx125- Delta2-3 0 Yes MenEx15- Delta2-3 0 Yes MenEx3+ Delta2-3 0 Yes MenEx30- Delta2-3 0 Yes MenEx43- Delta2-3 0 Yes MenEx5+ Delta2-3 0 Yes MenEx52- Delta2-3 0 Yes MenEx55- Delta2-3 0 Yes MenEx57- Delta2-3 0 Yes MenEx58- Delta2-3 0 Yes MenEx60- Delta2-3 0 Yes MenEx76- Delta2-3 0 Yes MenEx77- Delta2-3 0 Yes MenEx8- Delta2-3 0 Yes MenEx81- Delta2-3 0 Yes MenEx86- Delta2-3 0 Yes MenEx9- Delta2-3 0 Yes MenGCC natural population 0 -- MenGS9039 0 Yes MenKG00342 0 -- MennGB1 loss of function allele spontaneous natural population 0 -- MennNC311 spontaneous 0 -- MennNC4 loss of function allele spontaneous natural population 0 -- MennNC506 spontaneous 0 -- MennNC5 loss of function allele spontaneous natural population 0 -- MennNC6 loss of function allele spontaneous natural population 0 -- MenT190-26 P-element activity 0 Yes
Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs ( 7 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Allele of Men Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion MenGL01234 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 1 Yes MenHMS01700 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 1 Yes MenKK107809 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 1 Yes MendsRNA.Scer\UAS in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - RNAi 0 Yes MenGD16565 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes MenGD6873 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes MenNIG.10120R in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes
Aneuploid Aberrations
Disrupted in	Df(3R)kar3l (Leonhardt et al., 1993) Df(3R)kar-lG27 (Leonhardt et al., 1993) Df(3R)kar-Sz31 (Leonhardt et al., 1993) Df(3R)ry615 (Leonhardt et al., 1993)
Not disrupted in	Df(3R)kar-Sz13 (Leonhardt et al., 1993) Df(3R)kar-Sz21 (Leonhardt et al., 1993) Df(3R)kar-Sz29 (Leonhardt et al., 1993) Df(3R)ry27 (Leonhardt et al., 1993) Df(3R)ry75 (Leonhardt et al., 1993)
Transgenic Constructs & Insertions
Transgenic Constructs
	Type of construct Name Expression data UAS construct P{GD6873} NA P{GD16565} NA P{KK107809} NA P{NIG.10120R} NA P{TRiP.GL01234} NA P{TRiP.HMS01700} NA P{UAS-Men.dsRNA} NA
Insertions
	Type of insertions Name Expression data insertion of mobile activating element P{EP}MenEP309 NA P{EP}MenEP377 NA P{EP}MenEP500 NA P{EP}MenEP507 NA P{EP}MenEP517 NA P{EP}MenEP675 NA P{EP}MenEP1250 NA P{EP}MenEP3092 NA P{EP}MenEP3376 NA P{EPgy2}MenEY01756b NA P{EPgy2}MenEY06399 NA P{GSV6}MenGS9039 NA P{XP}Mend01330 NA P{XP}Mend07397 NA P{XP}Mend10913 NA miscellaneous insertions Mi{MIC}MenMI01213 NA P{GT1}MenBG01628 NA P{GT1}MenBG02790 NA P{PTT-GC}MenCC06325 NA P{RS3}MenCB-0569-3 NA P{RS3}MenCB-6459-3 NA P{RS3}MenUM-8082-3 NA P{RS5}Men5-HA-1025 NA P{RS5}Men5-HA-1631 NA P{RS5}Men5-HA-2188 NA P{RS5}Men5-SZ-3237 NA P{RS5}Men5-SZ-3451 NA P{SUPor-P}MenKG00342 NA P{T1}MenT190-26 NA P{wHy}MenDG05708 NA PBac{806.LOX-SVS-2}MenCPTI004074 NA PBac{CPTI-un}MenCPTI002759 NA PBac{PB}Menc01372 NA PBac{WH}Menf01150 NA insertion of enhancer trap binary system P{GawB}MenNP0587 No P{GawB}MenNP0830 No P{GawB}MenNP1333 No P{GawB}MenNP1367 No P{GawB}MenNP3447 No P{GawB}MenNP4440 No P{GawB}MenNP5383 No P{GawB}MenNP6538 No P{GawB}MenNP6610 No P{GawB}MenNP7439 No
Gene Ontology: Function, Process & Cellular Component ( 9 unique terms )
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence ( 4 terms )
Molecular Function
CV term Evidence References
malate dehydrogenase (oxaloacetate-decarboxylating) (NADP+) activity inferred from direct assay (Geer et al., 1980)
Biological Process
CV term Evidence References
determination of adult lifespan inferred from mutant phenotype (Paik et al., 2012) regulation of cell death inferred from mutant phenotype (Yang et al., 2010) sleep inferred from mutant phenotype (Harbison and Sehgal, 2008)
Cellular Component ( 0 terms)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions ( 6 terms )
Molecular Function
CV term Evidence References
malate dehydrogenase (oxaloacetate-decarboxylating) (NADP+) activity inferred from sequence or structural similarity with UniProtKB:P28227 (FlyBase, 1992-) malate dehydrogenase (oxaloacetate-decarboxylating) activity inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR001891 (FlyBase Curators et al., 2004-) metal ion binding inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR015884 (FlyBase Curators et al., 2004-) NAD binding inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR012302 (FlyBase Curators et al., 2004-)
Biological Process
CV term Evidence References
malate metabolic process inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR001891 (FlyBase Curators et al., 2004-) oxidation-reduction process inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR001891, InterPro:IPR012301, InterPro:IPR012302, InterPro:IPR015884 (FlyBase Curators et al., 2004-)
Cellular Component ( 0 terms)
Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene
	nuclear_gene   protein_coding_gene
Interactions & Pathways
Summary of Physical Interactions
protein-protein
Interacting group Assay References
Men - Acsl anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) Men - Akap200 experimental knowledge based (Guruharsha et al., 2011) Men - Arf79F anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) Men - CG10425 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) Men - CG11796 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) Men - CG12702 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) Men - CG1458 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) Men - CG15098 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) Men - CG17337 experimental knowledge based (Guruharsha et al., 2011) Men - CG17514 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) Men - CG18335 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) Men - CG2064 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) Men - CG3164 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) Men - CG4169 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) Men - CG4325 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) Men - CG4729 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) Men - CG5315 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) Men - CG5646 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) Men - CG6321 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) Men - CG7091 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) Men - CG7668 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) Men - Cand1 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) Men - Cctγ anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) Men - Chc anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) Men - Chd64 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) Men - Df31 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) Men - Fim experimental knowledge based (Guruharsha et al., 2011) Men - GABPI anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) Men - Hel25E anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) Men - Int6 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) Men - Kap-α3 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) Men - KdelR anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) Men - Mec2 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) Men - Moe experimental knowledge based (Guruharsha et al., 2011) Men - OstΔ anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) Men - Rab5 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) Men - Ranbp9 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) Men - RpS12 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) Men - Sc2 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) Men - Syb experimental knowledge based, anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Guruharsha et al., 2011, Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) Men - Syx7 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) Men - Tango7 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) Men - Trap1 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) Men - aur anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) Men - capt experimental knowledge based (Guruharsha et al., 2011) Men - cathD anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) Men - fax anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) Men - l(2)37Cc anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) Men - porin anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) Men - spi anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) Men - wal anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) Men - βCop anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23)
Summary of Genetic Interactions
Interacts with	Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions Men allele Gene References unspecified H (Mueller et al., 2005) pbl (Gregory et al., 2007)
External Data
Linkouts	BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions • 70650 DPiM - DPiM, Drosophila Protein interaction Map • FBgn0002719 DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions. • FBgn0002719 InterologFinder Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets. • 47173
Orthologs
OrthoDB Orthologs (62) - based on analysis using Dmel annotation version 5.41
OrthoDB Ortholog Groups
	OrthoDB orthology group searches (Waterhouse et al., 2011, Nucleic Acids Res. 39(Database issue): D283--D288) Drosophila inclusive ortholog search EOG6Z6374 Dipteran inclusive ortholog search EOG6NP7BR Insect inclusive ortholog search EOG6MGR3H Arthropod inclusive ortholog search EOG62280W Metazoa inclusive ortholog search EOG6WX4BP
Orthologs in Drosophila Species (EOG6Z6374)
Organism Common Name Gene AAA Syntenic Ortholog Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly  Dmel\Men     Drosophila simulans   Dsim\Men Y   Drosophila sechellia   Dsec\GM25984 Y   Drosophila erecta   Dere\GG17100 Y   Drosophila yakuba   Dyak\GE24490 Y   Drosophila ananassae   Dana\GF18099 Y   Drosophila pseudoobscura pseudoobscura   Dpse\GA10087 Y   Drosophila persimilis   Dper\GL23167     Drosophila willistoni   Dwil\GK10867 Y   Drosophila virilis   Dvir\GJ10817 Y   Drosophila mojavensis   Dmoj\GI24244 Y   Drosophila grimshawi   Dgri\GH19210 Y
Orthologs in non-Drosophila Dipterans (EOG6NP7BR)
Organism Common Name Gene Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Aedes aegypti Yellow fever mosquito  Aaeg\AAEL005790   Anopheles gambiae Malaria mosquito  Agam\AGAP000184   Culex quinquefasciatus Southern house mosquito  Cqui\CPIJ012341
Orthologs in non-Dipteran Insects (EOG6MGR3H)
Organism Common Name Gene Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Apis mellifera Western honey bee  Amel\Mdh Y Apis mellifera Western honey bee  Amel\GB55096 Y Nasonia vitripennis Parasitic wasp  Nvit\Nasvi2EG013704 Y Nasonia vitripennis Parasitic wasp  Nvit\Nasvi2EG000998 Y Acromyrmex echinatior Panamanian leafcutter ant  Aech\AECH24246 Y Acromyrmex echinatior Panamanian leafcutter ant  Aech\AECH13121 Y Atta cephalotes Leafcutter ant  Acep\ACEP11951 Y Atta cephalotes Leafcutter ant  Acep\ACEP12304 Y Camponotus floridanus Florida carpenter ant  Cflo\CFLO18596 Y Camponotus floridanus Florida carpenter ant  Cflo\CFLO19448 Y Harpegnathos saltator Jerdons jumping ant  Hsal\HSAL21922 Y Harpegnathos saltator Jerdons jumping ant  Hsal\HSAL20630 Y Linepithema humile Argentine ant  Lhum\LH23125 Y Linepithema humile Argentine ant  Lhum\LH13502 Y Pogonomyrmex barbatus Red harvester ant  Pbar\PB13772 Y Pogonomyrmex barbatus Red harvester ant  Pbar\PB24701 Y Solenopsis invicta Red fire ant  Sinv\SINV22127 Y Acyrthosiphon pisum Pea aphid  Apim\ACYPI004126 Y Acyrthosiphon pisum Pea aphid  Apim\ACYPI006059 Y Bombyx mori Silkmoth  Bmor\BGIBMGA006419 Y Pediculus humanus Human body louse  Phum\PHUM268250 Y Tribolium castaneum Red flour beetle  Tcas\TC005232 Y Tribolium castaneum Red flour beetle  Tcas\TC005233 Y
Orthologs in non-Insect Arthropods (EOG62280W)
Organism Common Name Gene Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Daphnia pulex Water flea  Dpux\JGI_V11_304467 Y Ixodes scapularis Deer tick  Isca\ISCW011260 Y
Orthologs in non-Arthropod Metazoa (EOG6WX4BP)
Organism Common Name Gene Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Caenorhabditis elegans Nematode  Cele\men-1 Y Strongylocentrotus purpuratus Purple sea urchin  Spur\SPU_018110gn Y Strongylocentrotus purpuratus Purple sea urchin  Spur\SPU_006048gn Y Danio rerio Zebrafish  Drer\ENSDARG00000086961 Y Danio rerio Zebrafish  Drer\me1 Y Danio rerio Zebrafish  Drer\me3 Y Danio rerio Zebrafish  Drer\me2 Y Danio rerio Zebrafish  Drer\me2 Y Xenopus tropicalis Western clawed frog  Xtro\me2 Y Xenopus tropicalis Western clawed frog  Xtro\me3 Y Xenopus tropicalis Western clawed frog  Xtro\me1 Y Gallus gallus Domestic chicken  Ggal\ME1 Y Gallus gallus Domestic chicken  Ggal\ME3 Y Mus musculus House mouse  Mmus\Me2 Y Mus musculus House mouse  Mmus\Me3 Y Mus musculus House mouse  Mmus\Me1 Y Rattus norvegicus Norway rat  Rnor\Me3 Y Rattus norvegicus Norway rat  Rnor\Me2 Y Rattus norvegicus Norway rat  Rnor\Me1 Y Homo sapiens Human  Hsap\ME3 Y Homo sapiens Human  Hsap\ME2 Y Homo sapiens Human  Hsap\ME1 Y
Human Orthologs (3)
Gene OMIM HGNC Hsap\ME3     Hsap\ME2     Hsap\ME1
AAA Orthologs (10) based on analysis using Dmel annotation version 4.3
Organism Gene Drosophila simulans Dsim\Men Drosophila sechellia Dsec\GM25984 Drosophila erecta Dere\GG17100 Drosophila yakuba Dyak\GE24490 Drosophila ananassae Dana\GF18099 Drosophila pseudoobscura pseudoobscura Dpse\GA10087 Drosophila willistoni Dwil\GK10867 Drosophila virilis Dvir\GJ10817 Drosophila mojavensis Dmoj\GI24244 Drosophila grimshawi Dgri\GH19210
Stocks & Reagents
Stocks Listed in FlyBase ( 34 )
Bloomington	4025 MennNC3 Aldox-1nNC4/TM2 12824 w1118; P{GT1}MenBG02790
Harvard	- P{XP}Mend01330 - PBac{PB}Menc01372 - PBac{WH}Menf01150
Kyoto	101689 MennNC1 / TM6 101690 MennNC2 / TM6 113281 w*; P{GawB}MenNP3447 123240 w1118; P{RS3}MenCB-0569-3 124110 w1118; P{RS3}MenCB-6459-3 124328 w1118; P{RS3}MenUM-8082-3
VDRC	v104016 P{KK107809}VIE-260B
	More stocks available...
Genomic Clones ( 2 )
	BACR07J06 BACR09O13 Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete
cDNA Clones ( 154 )
	Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see GBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.
cDNA Clones, Fully Sequenced
BDGP DGC clones	LD27718
Other clones	DPiM_LD27718 GH13028
cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
BDGP DGC clones	AT12180 AT20282 AT30570 GH01823 GH05262 GH08372 GH20580 GH20588 GH22005 GH23159 GH23172 GH23789 GH24730 HL01657 LP01319 LP02290 LP09407 LP09482 LP12392 RE02557 RE08592 RE16380 RE22288 RE25844 RE33450 RE34877 RE44001 RE49449 RE51349 RE53820 RE61672 RE67963 RE70649 RE73604 RH04648 RH06152 RH06993 RH07418 RH08406 RH08462 RH08505 RH10213 RH12087 RH21319 RH21704 RH22039 RH22310 RH23307 RH23637 RH27221 RH36277 RH46094 RH50442 RH50692 RH51126 RH54293 RH56437 RH57708 RH58993 RH62906 RH70204 RH70250 RH70256 SD02333 SD02896 SD03653 SD03796 SD07229 SD13080 SD14622 SD15140 SD16523 SD20472 SD21923 SD23009 SD23161 SD24840 SD25649 SD26902 SD27705 SD27732
Other clones	40128 58391 165231 214437.44 bs12h01 bs25b08 bs59f08 CK01.15A.F10 CK01.18A.H2 Dmel_dig_003767_0712_1854 Dmel_dig_007098_0711_2923 Dmel_dig_010779_0613_3746 Dmel_dig_020947_0689_3135 Dmel_neb_007523_0693_0461 Dmel_neb_010401_0894_2677 Dmel_neb_013955_0325_1524 Dmel_neb_014197_0343_1669 Dmel_neb_016030_0562_2294 EK153917 EK181339 EK232003 EK269711 EP01614 EP17906 ESG0116a.B21_A12 FGC006B09 FGM236B11 FGM318G02 RE01945 RM05242 RM05542 RM05942 RM06042 RM06142 RM06242 RM06342 RM06442 RM06542 RP01422 RP01582 RP001001289 RP001001758 RP001003410 RP001003542 RP001004650 RP001004842 RP001011274 RP001011964 RP001012392 RP001012865 RP001013125 RP001013219 RP001014563 RP001014921 RP001015099 RP001024622 RP001028387 RP001028571 RP001030794 RP001031003 RP001032375 RP001036918 RP001037726 RP001038525 RP001043425 RP001043892 RP001046772 RP001047557 RP001049465 RP001052922
RNAi & Array Information
Linkouts	DRSC - Results from RNAi screens. • FBgn0002719 GenomeRNAi - GenomeRNAi – A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents • 47173
Antibody Information
Other Information
Discoverer
Etymology
Identification
Relationship to Other Genes
Source for database identity of
Source for database merge of	Source for merge of: Men anon-WO0118547.278 (FlyBase, 1996-) Source for merge of: Men CG10120 (Bayraktaroglu, 2000.8.7)
Additional comments	"Men" may correspond to "Scim32". Sequence analysis off ends of P{SUPor-P} in Scim insertion mutant places "Scim32" near/in "Men". (Dobie and Karpen, 2001.4.18) Source for merge of Men anon-WO0118547.278 was sequence comparison (date:051113). (FlyBase, 1996-)
Other Comments
	Area matching Drosophila EST AA567704. (Davies, 2001.3.15) The effects of a high sucrose diet on live weight, total protein, stored lipid and glycogen and crude activities of 12 enzymes involved in energy metabolism are quantified. The activities of many enzymes are reduced by the sucrose treatment. (Wang and Clark, 1995) Gramoxone has no mutagenic effect on the genetic background of Men. (el Abidin Salam et al., 1993) Presence of an extra dose of the region from 8D10-12 to 9A1-2 results in an approximately 25% increase in Men activity. (Williamson and Bentley, 1983) All null alleles tested survive and are fertile in combination with Df(3R)ry31, which lacks Men+. (Voelker et al., 1980) The NADPH/NADP ratio in null genotypes is one-seventh that of wild type. (Geer et al., 1979)
External Crossreferences & Linkouts
Sequence Crossreferences
	RefSeq (Transcripts) • NM_080141 NM_169479 NM_001275580 RefSeq (Proteins) • NP_524880 NP_731739 NP_001262509 DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank • AA567704 AA948992 AAF43601 AAF43602 AAF43603 AAF54859 AAF54860 AAM49909 ABA19464 ABA19465 ABA19466 ABA19467 ABA19468 ABA19469 ABA19470 ABA19471 ABA19472 ABA19473 ABA19474 ABA19475 ABA19476 ABA19477 ABA19478 ABA19479 ABA19480 ABA19481 ABA19482 ABA19483 ABA19484 ABA19485 ABA19486 ABA19487 ABA19488 ABA19489 ABA19490 ABA19491 ABA19492 ABA19493 ABA19494 ABA19495 ABA19496 AF187998 AF187999 AF188000 AGB95891 AI402720 AI404174 AI945435 AI946400 AJ251545 AQ025061 AQ025071 AQ025097 AQ025100 AQ025102 AQ025207 AQ025272 AQ073955 AQ254603 AW942773 AX094154 AY118540 BH146183 CAB64262 CZ467108 CZ472165 CZ472166 CZ475708 CZ477499 DQ148977 DQ148978 DQ148979 DQ148980 DQ148981 DQ148982 DQ148983 DQ148984 DQ148985 DQ148986 DQ148987 DQ148988 DQ148989 DQ148990 DQ148991 DQ148992 DQ148993 DQ148994 DQ148995 DQ148996 DQ148997 DQ148998 DQ148999 DQ149000 DQ149001 DQ149002 DQ149003 DQ149004 DQ149005 DQ149006 DQ149007 DQ149008 DQ149009 Entrez Gene - A searchable database of RefSeq genes. • 47173 UniProtKB/TrEMBL • Q2QBM1 Q9NIW0 Q9NIW1 Q9NIW2 Q9U1J1 Q9VG31 Q9VG32
Other Crossreferences
	InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites • Malic oxidoreductase (IPR001891) Malic enzyme, N-terminal (IPR012301) Malic enzyme, NAD-binding (IPR012302) Malic enzyme, conserved site (IPR015884) NAD(P)-binding domain (IPR016040) BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis • LD27718
Linkouts
	BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions • 70650 DPiM - DPiM, Drosophila Protein interaction Map • FBgn0002719 DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions. • FBgn0002719 DRSC - Results from RNAi screens. • FBgn0002719 FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies • FBgn0002719 FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array • CG10120-RB FlyMine - Integrated genomics database for Drosophila, Anopheles, and C.elegans • FBgn0002719 GenomeRNAi - GenomeRNAi – A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents • 47173 InterologFinder Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets. • 47173 modMine - Data generated by the modENCODE project. • FBgn0002719
Synonyms & Secondary IDs ( 14 )
Reported As
Symbol Synonym	anon-WO0118547.278   CG10120 (Pile et al., 2003, Seegmiller et al., 2002, Dobie and Karpen, 2001.4.18, Gregory et al., 2007, Toledano-Katchalski et al., 2007, O'Keefe et al., 2011, Keleman et al., 2009.8.5, Rach et al., 2009, Lai et al., 2007, Cammarato et al., 2011, Puri et al., 2008, Ni et al., 2010.12.1) MDH (Farkas and Knopp, 1998) Mdh-NADP (Franklin and Rumball, 1971, ) ME (Montooth et al., 2003, Bondinas et al., 2002, Bondinas et al., 2001, Harshman et al., 1999, Clark and Fucito, 1998, Clark and Wang, 1997, Wang and Clark, 1995, Clark, 1994, Clark and Wang, 1994, Clark et al., 1995, Choudhary et al., 1992, Clark et al., 1990, Clark, 1990, Deckert-Cruz et al., 2004) Me (Zapata et al., 2002, Harshman and Schmid, 1998, Matthews and Munstermann, 1994, el Abidin Salam et al., 1993, ) mem (Seugnet et al., 2009) Men (Reeves and Posakony, 2005, Izutsu et al., 2012, Buszczak et al., 2007, Haynes et al., 2006, O'Keefe et al., 2011, Morozova et al., 2009, Morozova et al., 2007, Rzezniczak et al., 2012, Franciscovich et al., 2008, Wasbrough et al., 2010, Yang et al., 2010, Puri et al., 2008, Lum and Merritt, 2011, Japanese National Institute of Genetics, 2012.5.21) men (Harvey et al., 2008, Rach et al., 2009, Paik et al., 2012) MEN (Merritt et al., 2009)
Name Synonym	Malic enzyme (Harbison and Sehgal, 2008, Pedersen et al., 2010, Deckert-Cruz et al., 2004, Seugnet et al., 2009, Morozova et al., 2009, Morozova et al., 2007, Robinson et al., 2010, Barnes et al., 2010, Cammarato et al., 2011, Lum and Merritt, 2011) malic enzyme (Montooth et al., 2003, O'Keefe et al., 2011, Morozova et al., 2006, Yang et al., 2010, Harbison and Sehgal, 2008) NADP-dependent malate dehydrogenase (Paik et al., 2012) NADP-malic enzyme (Wegulo and Williamson, 1994, Bowen and Williamson, 1994)
Secondary FlyBase IDs
	FBgn0038081 FBgn0062124
References ( 118 )
Generate a list of	All references relating to this gene ( 118 )
List References by type	Research paper  ( 82 ) Supplementary material  ( 9 ) Personal communication to FlyBase  ( 15 ) FlyBase analysis  ( 3 ) Stock list  ( 1 ) Patent  ( 1 ) DNA/RNA sequence record  ( 3 ) Website  ( 1 ) Curated genome annotation  ( 2 ) Book  ( 1 )
Recent research papers ( 7 )
	Izutsu et al., 2012, PLoS ONE 7(3): e33288 Genome features of "dark-fly", a Drosophila line reared long-term in a dark environment. [FBrf0217825] Paik et al., 2012, Mech. Ageing Dev. 133(5): 234--245 Misexpression screen delineates novel genes controlling Drosophila lifespan. [FBrf0218389] Rzezniczak et al., 2012, Biochem. Genet. 50(11-12): 823--837 A Combination of Structural and Cis-Regulatory Factors Drives Biochemical Differences in Drosophila melanogaster Malic Enzyme. [FBrf0219916] Rzezniczak and Merritt, 2012, G3 (Bethesda) 2(12): 1613--1623 Interactions of NADP-Reducing Enzymes Across Varying Environmental Conditions: A Model of Biological Complexity. [FBrf0220439] Lum and Merritt, 2011, Genetics 189(3): 837--849 Nonclassical Regulation of Transcription: Interchromosomal Interactions at the Malic enzyme Locus of Drosophila melanogaster. [FBrf0216683] Morozova et al., 2011, Genetics 187(4): 1193--1205 Transcriptional networks for alcohol sensitivity in Drosophila melanogaster. [FBrf0214377] O'Keefe et al., 2011, Hum. Mol. Genet. 20(3): 497--509 Drosophila orthologue of WWOX, the chromosomal fragile site FRA16D tumour suppressor gene, functions in aerobic metabolism and regulates reactive oxygen species. [FBrf0212691] Show all research papers ...