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Gene Dmel\mod

General Information
Symbol	Dmel\mod	Species	D. melanogaster
Name	modulo	Annotation symbol	CG2050
Feature type	protein_coding_gene	FlyBase ID	FBgn0002780
Gene Model Status	Current	Stock availability	8 publicly available
Also Known As	ms(3)100EF
Genomic Location
Chromosome (arm)	3R	Recombination map
Cytogenetic map	100E3-100E3	Sequence location	3R:27,877,794..27,880,696 [+]
Genomic Maps Select View:Gene Models/EvidenceExpression/RegulationMegaViewGene Disruptions, Stocks and Reagents modENCODE GBrowse	Decorated FastA GenBankGFF Gene region Extended Gene region CDSIntronsExonsTranslationsTranscripts3' UTR5' UTR
Summary Information
Automatically generated summary See sections below for more information	The gene modulo is referred to in FlyBase by the symbol Dmel\mod (CG2050, FBgn0002780). It is a protein_coding_gene from Drosophila melanogaster. There is experimental evidence that it has the molecular function: protein binding; sequence-specific DNA binding; DNA binding. There is experimental evidence that it is involved in the biological process: spermatid development; cell proliferation. 25 alleles are reported. The phenotypes of these alleles are annotated with: embryonic/larval midgut; embryonic labial segment; embryonic/larval posterior spiracle; embryonic maxillary segment; macrochaeta; somatic muscle; embryonic mandibular segment. It has 2 annotated transcripts and 2 annotated polypeptides. Protein features are: Nucleotide-binding, alpha-beta plait; RNA recognition motif domain. Summary of modENCODE Temporal Expression Profile: Temporal profile ranges from a peak of very high expression to a trough of moderate expression. Peak expression observed at stages throughout embryogenesis, during early larval stages, in adult female stages. Summary of FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data: High or moderate levels of expression observed in all larval and adult organs/tissues. Expression at high levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: larval/adult central nervous system, adult crop, adult midgut, larval hindgut, adult Malpighian tubules, adult heart, adult fat body, larval/adult salivary gland, larval trachea, adult female reproductive system, adult male accessory gland, larval carcass. Expression at moderate levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult head, adult eye, adult brain, larval midgut, adult hindgut, larval Malpighian tubules, larval fat body, adult testis, adult carcass. Comments on Affy2 ProbeSet: ProbeSet 1634912_at completely aligns to an exonic region of the only FlyBase-annotated transcript isoform of mod. Gene sequence location is 3R:27877794..27880696.
External Summaries
Recent Updates
Description	What does this section display? This section contains items that were added to this record for each release. It currently only tracks new links between this FlyBase report and other FlyBase data classes (e.g. genes, references, stocks) or controlled vocabulary terms (e.g. GO, anatomy terms). What does this section not display? This section does not currently display links that were removed or gene model changes.
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FB2011_10	Polypeptides mod-PC Transcripts mod-RC
FB2012_01	References Reis et al., 2010, PLoS Genet. 6(11): e1001206 Sequence features HFA16999 BKN26842
All updates	Click here to see a list of all updates to this record from FB2010_08 and on.
Detailed Mapping Data
FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Evidence for location 100E3-100E3   Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{EP}pygoEP1076 and P{PZ}ttk02667&P{lacW}ttkj6C7
Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Notes References 100F5-100F5     (Roman, 2000.1.4) 100E1-100F5   (determined by in situ hybridisation)   (Spradling et al., 1999) 100E1-100F5     (BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999) 100F-100F   (determined by in situ hybridisation)   (Krejci et al., 1989)
Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
Location
Left of (cM)
Right of (cM)
Notes
Gene Model & Products
Please see the GBrowse view of Dmel\mod for information on other features To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form
Comments on Gene Model
	Gene model reviewed during 5.42
Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name FlyBase ID RefSeq ID Length (nt) Associated CDS (aa) mod-RA FBtr0085874  NM_079875   2275   542 mod-RC FBtr0310268     1972   542
Additional Transcript Data & Comments
Reported size (kB)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name FlyBase ID Predicted MW (kDa) Length (aa) Theoretical pI RefSeq ID GenBank protein mod-PA   FBpp0085233   60.3   542   5.07     NP_524614   AAF57213 mod-PC   FBpp0301951   60.3   542   5.07
Additional Polypeptide Data & Comments
Reported size (kDa)	78 (kD) (Garzino et al., 1992)
Comments
External Data
Linkouts
Crossreferences	InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites • RNA recognition motif domain (IPR000504) Nucleotide-binding, alpha-beta plait (IPR012677)
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank	DNA sequence Protein sequence Name AA201310   AA201366   AA201499   AA201728   AA201870   AA203046   AA246342   AA246444   AA246972   AA263349   AA263478   AA263595   AA263845   AA264096   AA264601   AA390424   AA390483   AA390824   AA390878   AA390911   AA391191   AA391388   AA391726   AA392056   AA392449   AA392480   AA392530   AA392641   AA392833   AA438410   AA438848   AA439283   AA439384   AA439516   AA439571   AA439985   AA440039   AA440193   AA440374   AA441290   AA441341   AA441573   AA441629   AA539050   AA539173   AA539247   AA539527   AA539541   AA540173   AA540597   AA540630   AA567188   AA567196   AA694741   AA694742   AA694772   AA695017   AA695109   AA695654   AA696340   AA696594   AA696829   AA735520   AA802082   AA802207   AA802250   AA803281   AA803287   AA803302   AA803629   AA816490   AA816624   AA817110   AA817116   AA820120   AA820176   AA820525   AA820715   AA940595   AA940784   AA940892   AA941098   AA941143   AA941233   AA941324   AA941402   AA941475   AA941618   AA941646   AA941875   AA942173   AA942431   AA942439   AA942567   AA942628   AA949084   AA949417   AA949557   AA949631   AA949862   AA950442   AA950451   AA951248   AA951549   AA951675   AA951679   AA951682   AA951736   AA951759   AA951977   AA951991   AA952228   AA952239   AA978440   AA979560   AA990667   AE014297 AAF57213   AF185267 AAF08255   AI063276   AI107056   AI108440   AI108715   AI292745   AI295920   AI296160   AI403127   AI455242   AI455605   AI455617   AI455766   AI456269   AI456360   AI456740   AI456781   AI456897   AI456912   AI456995   AI457084   AI512034   AI512094   AI512387   AI512480   AI512974   AI514348   AI514356   AI515345   AI515725   AI515939   AI516002   AI516012   AI516249   AI516422   AI516473   AI516783   AI517274   AI517851   AI518466   AI518628   AI518746   AI518922   AI519140   AI519732   AI519788   AI520084   AI520569   AI531088   AI531852   AI532049   AI532342   AI532626   AI533438   AI534675   AI542140   AI542564   AI544112   AI546239   AI546397   AQ025239   AQ026436   AY058519 AAL13748   BF487261   BF490985   BF491487   BG635423   BG635701   BG637222   BG637477   BG638271   BG638375   BG638414   BG638586   BG638855   BG638896   BG640200   BG640562   BG641436   BI163015   BI163977   BI164550   BI165692   BI168277   BI169697   BI170837   BI171787   BI212516   BI215528   BI216101   BI228322   BI229787   BI230925   BI231621   BI235090   BI235735   BI237506   BI237841   BI238599   BI238899   BI239435   BI240063   BI241424   BI241502   BI242669   BI351734   BI351819   BI353097   BI353659   BI354001   BI355197   BI355923   BI356249   BI356251   BI356706   BI356859   BI358608   BI362646   BI363409   BI364454   BI365175   BI365185   BI366914   BI367132   BI367140   BI367236   BI368309   BI369175   BI369486   BI370832   BI371722   BI373786   BI375988   BI482376   BI485340   BI485620   BI486076   BI486327   BI563425   BI563854   BI568360   BI570163   BI576198   BI577554   BI578575   BI578930   BI579712   BI586106   BI589808   BI606720   BI627224   BI631815   BI632813   BI632901   BI634634   BI635722   BI636025   BI636208   BI638225   BI638394   BI639220   BI639272   BI641591   BI641861   BP544328   BP544329   BP544537   BP544538   BP544547   BP546372   BP548873   BP548874   BP555076   BP555077   BP555945   BP555946   BP558665   BP558666   BQ102870   BQ103288   BQ103432   BT001538 AAN71293   CO153485   CO156337   CO177477   CO178596   CO185324   CO196305   CO262499   CO262756   CO267143   CO268073   CO270577   CO273071   CO273626   CO277184   CO283920   CO288863   CO288879   CO290912   CO290915   CO296127   CO308161   CO308737   CO328922   CO344635   CZ478588   CZ478589   CZ480997   CZ481198   CZ481793   EC056903   EC056918   EC058962   EC064421   EC070886   EC071893   EC089117   EC195838   EC196661   EC198056   EC205662   EC207648   EC207892   EC213032   EC215019   EC221139   EC233453   EC240331   EC241553   EC242932   EC243620   EC258586   EC263979   EC265468   ES689490   ES691222   EV584048   EV586560   EV586826   EV587460   EV588028   EV588368   EV590222   EV590340   EV590709   X15702 CAA33732
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot	P13469
UniProtKB/TrEMBL	Q8IGX8
Mapped Features
Mapped Features have been reorganized, please see this article for details. Additional mapped features and mutations can be found on GBrowse or related reports. Type Symbol & Location Additional Notes References
External Data
Linkouts
Crossreferences
Expression Data
Transcript Expression
in situ Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference embryonic stage 10 -- 11   mesoderm   (Perrin et al., 2003) midgut primordium | anterior & posterior   (Perrin et al., 2003) salivary gland body primordium   (Perrin et al., 2003) parasegment 2   (Perrin et al., 2003) third instar larval stage   wing pouch   (Perrin et al., 2003) mesothoracic tergum primordium | anterior   (Perrin et al., 2003) oogenesis stage S1   egg chamber   (Perrin et al., 2003) oogenesis stage S3 -- S14   egg chamber   (Perrin et al., 2003) Comment:excluded from oogenesis stage S2
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Notes
Polypeptide Expression
No Assay Recorded Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference embryonic stage   anal pad   (Garzino et al., 1992) embryonic stage 9   procephalic segment   (Garzino et al., 1992) embryonic stage 10 -- 12   head   (Garzino et al., 1992) anterior embryonic/larval midgut   (Garzino et al., 1992) embryonic stage 15   head mesoderm   (Garzino et al., 1992) visceral mesoderm   (Garzino et al., 1992) immunolocalization Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference embryonic stage   embryonic/larval muscle system   (Garzino et al., 1992) embryonic stage 5   cell   • nucleus (Garzino et al., 1992) embryonic stage 8 -- 10   mitotic domain 1 & mitotic domain 2 & mitotic domain 4 & mitotic domain 5 & mitotic domain 6 & mitotic domain 10 & mitotic domain 13 & mitotic domain 22 & mitotic domain 23   (Garzino et al., 1992) embryonic stage 9   mesoderm   (Garzino et al., 1992) embryonic stage 10 -- 12   posterior embryonic/larval midgut   (Garzino et al., 1992) embryonic stage 15   cephalopharyngeal skeleton   (Garzino et al., 1992) somatic mesoderm   (Garzino et al., 1992) mass spectroscopy Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference day 7 of adulthood -- day 49 of adulthood   adult heart   (Cammarato et al., 2011)
Additional Descriptive Data
	mod protein is most abundant in embryos but is detected at all developmental stages tested. It is first detected before cellularization in all somatic nuclei, precisely when pericentric heterochromatin becomes visible. After the first cell division, mod protein is found in lineages of specific embryonic primordia. These lineages arise from mitotic domains 1, 2, 4-6, 10, 13, 22, and 25. (Garzino et al., 1992)
Marker for
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Notes
High-Throughput Expression Data
or
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2010.10.13 for analysis details and data files for all genes. modENCODE Temporal Expression Data for FBgn0002780    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales max expr for FBgn0002780 Very low expression bin max Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max Summary of modENCODE Temporal Expression Profile: Temporal profile ranges from a peak of very high expression to a trough of moderate expression. Peak expression observed at stages throughout embryogenesis, during early larval stages, in adult female stages. [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No expression (0 - 0)   Extremely low expression (1 - 10)   Very low expression (11 - 100)   Low expression (101 - 400)   Moderate expression (401 - 1400)   Moderately high expression (1401 - 4000)   High expression (4001 - 10000)   Very high expression (10001 - 100000)   Extremely high expression (100001 - 2000000) Linear, scaled to maximum FBgn0002780 expression level Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    16696 embryo 02-04hr    27929 embryo 04-06hr    28596 embryo 06-08hr    21857 embryo 08-10hr    25302 embryo 10-12hr    18681 embryo 12-14hr    22531 embryo 14-16hr    7893 embryo 16-18hr    9307 embryo 18-20hr    5778 embryo 20-22hr    17640 embryo 22-24hr    18883 larva L1    15484 larva L2    11011 larva L3 12hr old    6916 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    2968 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    3335 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    4726 white prepupae new    4448 white prepupae 12hr    3214 white prepupae 24hr    3079 pupae 2d postWPP    3258 pupae 3d postWPP    1861 pupae 4d postWPP    1507 adult male 01day    1567 adult male 05day    1362 adult male 30day    969 adult female 01day    7042 adult female 05day    18853 adult female 30day    17271 Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Very low expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr  (16696) embryo 02-04hr  (27929) embryo 04-06hr  (28596) embryo 06-08hr  (21857) embryo 08-10hr  (25302) embryo 10-12hr  (18681) embryo 12-14hr  (22531) embryo 14-16hr  (7893) embryo 16-18hr  (9307) embryo 18-20hr  (5778) embryo 20-22hr  (17640) embryo 22-24hr  (18883) larva L1  (15484) larva L2  (11011) larva L3 12hr old  (6916) larva L3 puffstage 1-2  (2968) larva L3 puffstage 3-6  (3335) larva L3 puffstage 7-9  (4726) white prepupae new  (4448) white prepupae 12hr  (3214) white prepupae 24hr  (3079) pupae 2d postWPP  (3258) pupae 3d postWPP  (1861) pupae 4d postWPP  (1507) adult male 01day  (1567) adult male 05day  (1362) adult male 30day  (969) adult female 01day  (7042) adult female 05day  (18853) adult female 30day  (17271) Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr  (16696) embryo 02-04hr  (27929) embryo 04-06hr  (28596) embryo 06-08hr  (21857) embryo 08-10hr  (25302) embryo 10-12hr  (18681) embryo 12-14hr  (22531) embryo 14-16hr  (7893) embryo 16-18hr  (9307) embryo 18-20hr  (5778) embryo 20-22hr  (17640) embryo 22-24hr  (18883) larva L1  (15484) larva L2  (11011) larva L3 12hr old  (6916) larva L3 puffstage 1-2  (2968) larva L3 puffstage 3-6  (3335) larva L3 puffstage 7-9  (4726) white prepupae new  (4448) white prepupae 12hr  (3214) white prepupae 24hr  (3079) pupae 2d postWPP  (3258) pupae 3d postWPP  (1861) pupae 4d postWPP  1507 adult male 01day  (1567) adult male 05day    1362 adult male 30day    969 adult female 01day  (7042) adult female 05day  (18853) adult female 30day  (17271) Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr  (16696) embryo 02-04hr  (27929) embryo 04-06hr  (28596) embryo 06-08hr  (21857) embryo 08-10hr  (25302) embryo 10-12hr  (18681) embryo 12-14hr  (22531) embryo 14-16hr    7893 embryo 16-18hr    9307 embryo 18-20hr    5778 embryo 20-22hr  (17640) embryo 22-24hr  (18883) larva L1  (15484) larva L2  (11011) larva L3 12hr old    6916 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    2968 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    3335 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    4726 white prepupae new    4448 white prepupae 12hr    3214 white prepupae 24hr    3079 pupae 2d postWPP    3258 pupae 3d postWPP    1861 pupae 4d postWPP    1507 adult male 01day    1567 adult male 05day    1362 adult male 30day    969 adult female 01day    7042 adult female 05day  (18853) adult female 30day  (17271) Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    16696 embryo 02-04hr    27929 embryo 04-06hr    28596 embryo 06-08hr    21857 embryo 08-10hr    25302 embryo 10-12hr    18681 embryo 12-14hr    22531 embryo 14-16hr    7893 embryo 16-18hr    9307 embryo 18-20hr    5778 embryo 20-22hr    17640 embryo 22-24hr    18883 larva L1    15484 larva L2    11011 larva L3 12hr old    6916 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    2968 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    3335 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    4726 white prepupae new    4448 white prepupae 12hr    3214 white prepupae 24hr    3079 pupae 2d postWPP    3258 pupae 3d postWPP    1861 pupae 4d postWPP    1507 adult male 01day    1567 adult male 05day    1362 adult male 30day    969 adult female 01day    7042 adult female 05day    18853 adult female 30day    17271 Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum FBgn0002780 expression level Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    16696 embryo 02-04hr    27929 embryo 04-06hr    28596 embryo 06-08hr    21857 embryo 08-10hr    25302 embryo 10-12hr    18681 embryo 12-14hr    22531 embryo 14-16hr    7893 embryo 16-18hr    9307 embryo 18-20hr    5778 embryo 20-22hr    17640 embryo 22-24hr    18883 larva L1    15484 larva L2    11011 larva L3 12hr old    6916 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    2968 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    3335 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    4726 white prepupae new    4448 white prepupae 12hr    3214 white prepupae 24hr    3079 pupae 2d postWPP    3258 pupae 3d postWPP    1861 pupae 4d postWPP    1507 adult male 01day    1567 adult male 05day    1362 adult male 30day    969 adult female 01day    7042 adult female 05day    18853 adult female 30day    17271 Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Very low expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr  (16696) embryo 02-04hr  (27929) embryo 04-06hr  (28596) embryo 06-08hr  (21857) embryo 08-10hr  (25302) embryo 10-12hr  (18681) embryo 12-14hr  (22531) embryo 14-16hr  (7893) embryo 16-18hr  (9307) embryo 18-20hr  (5778) embryo 20-22hr  (17640) embryo 22-24hr  (18883) larva L1  (15484) larva L2  (11011) larva L3 12hr old  (6916) larva L3 puffstage 1-2  (2968) larva L3 puffstage 3-6  (3335) larva L3 puffstage 7-9  (4726) white prepupae new  (4448) white prepupae 12hr  (3214) white prepupae 24hr  (3079) pupae 2d postWPP  (3258) pupae 3d postWPP  (1861) pupae 4d postWPP  (1507) adult male 01day  (1567) adult male 05day  (1362) adult male 30day  (969) adult female 01day  (7042) adult female 05day  (18853) adult female 30day  (17271) Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low  log, scaled to Moderate expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr  (16696) embryo 02-04hr  (27929) embryo 04-06hr  (28596) embryo 06-08hr  (21857) embryo 08-10hr  (25302) embryo 10-12hr  (18681) embryo 12-14hr  (22531) embryo 14-16hr  (7893) embryo 16-18hr  (9307) embryo 18-20hr  (5778) embryo 20-22hr  (17640) embryo 22-24hr  (18883) larva L1  (15484) larva L2  (11011) larva L3 12hr old  (6916) larva L3 puffstage 1-2  (2968) larva L3 puffstage 3-6  (3335) larva L3 puffstage 7-9  (4726) white prepupae new  (4448) white prepupae 12hr  (3214) white prepupae 24hr  (3079) pupae 2d postWPP  (3258) pupae 3d postWPP  1861 pupae 4d postWPP  1507 adult male 01day  1567 adult male 05day    1362 adult male 30day    969 adult female 01day  (7042) adult female 05day  (18853) adult female 30day  (17271) Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr  16696 embryo 02-04hr  (27929) embryo 04-06hr  (28596) embryo 06-08hr  (21857) embryo 08-10hr  (25302) embryo 10-12hr  18681 embryo 12-14hr  (22531) embryo 14-16hr    7893 embryo 16-18hr    9307 embryo 18-20hr    5778 embryo 20-22hr  17640 embryo 22-24hr  18883 larva L1  15484 larva L2  11011 larva L3 12hr old    6916 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    2968 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    3335 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    4726 white prepupae new    4448 white prepupae 12hr    3214 white prepupae 24hr    3079 pupae 2d postWPP    3258 pupae 3d postWPP    1861 pupae 4d postWPP    1507 adult male 01day    1567 adult male 05day    1362 adult male 30day    969 adult female 01day    7042 adult female 05day  18853 adult female 30day  17271 Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    16696 embryo 02-04hr    27929 embryo 04-06hr    28596 embryo 06-08hr    21857 embryo 08-10hr    25302 embryo 10-12hr    18681 embryo 12-14hr    22531 embryo 14-16hr    7893 embryo 16-18hr    9307 embryo 18-20hr    5778 embryo 20-22hr    17640 embryo 22-24hr    18883 larva L1    15484 larva L2    11011 larva L3 12hr old    6916 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    2968 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    3335 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    4726 white prepupae new    4448 white prepupae 12hr    3214 white prepupae 24hr    3079 pupae 2d postWPP    3258 pupae 3d postWPP    1861 pupae 4d postWPP    1507 adult male 01day    1567 adult male 05day    1362 adult male 30day    969 adult female 01day    7042 adult female 05day    18853 adult female 30day    17271 Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr     embryo 02-04hr     embryo 04-06hr     embryo 06-08hr     embryo 08-10hr     embryo 10-12hr     embryo 12-14hr     embryo 14-16hr     embryo 16-18hr     embryo 18-20hr     embryo 20-22hr     embryo 22-24hr     larva L1     larva L2     larva L3 12hr old     larva L3 puffstage 1-2     larva L3 puffstage 3-6     larva L3 puffstage 7-9     white prepupae new     white prepupae 12hr     white prepupae 24hr     pupae 2d postWPP     pupae 3d postWPP     pupae 4d postWPP     adult male 01day     adult male 05day     adult male 30day     adult female 01day     adult female 05day     adult female 30day     FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data for FBgn0002780    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap Back-to-back    Scales max expr for FBgn0002780 Moderate expression bin max High level expression bin max Very high expression bin max Summary of FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data: High or moderate levels of expression observed in all larval and adult organs/tissues. Expression at high levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: larval/adult central nervous system, adult crop, adult midgut, larval hindgut, adult Malpighian tubules, adult heart, adult fat body, larval/adult salivary gland, larval trachea, adult female reproductive system, adult male accessory gland, larval carcass. Expression at moderate levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult head, adult eye, adult brain, larval midgut, adult hindgut, larval Malpighian tubules, larval fat body, adult testis, adult carcass. [download data (TSV)] Guide to FlyAtlas expression level colors   No expression (0 - 9.999)   Low expression (10 - 99.999)   Moderate expression (100 - 499.999)   High level expression (500 - 999.999)   Very high expression (1000 - 25000) Linear, scaled to maximum FBgn0002780 expression level Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    1336.425 Larval Midgut    495.8 Larval Hindgut    798.1 Larval Malpighian Tubules    287.8 Larval Fat Body    357.7 Larval Salivary Gland    1431.1 Larval Trachea    1522.175 Larval Carcass    1252.65 Adult Head    470.1 Adult Eye    327.125 Adult Brain    319.5 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    514.5 Adult Crop    741.6 Adult Midgut    665.8 Adult Hindgut    424.9 Adult Malpighian Tubules    575.4 Adult Fat Body    845.2 Adult Salivary Gland    696.5 Adult Heart    515.875 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    809.5 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    1205.2 Adult Ovary    2065.6 Adult Testis    135.4 Adult Male Accessory Gland    1933.7 Adult Carcass    498.4 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System  (1336.425) Larval Midgut    495.8 Larval Hindgut  (798.1) Larval Malpighian Tubules    287.8 Larval Fat Body    357.7 Larval Salivary Gland  (1431.1) Larval Trachea  (1522.175) Larval Carcass  (1252.65) Adult Head    470.1 Adult Eye    327.125 Adult Brain    319.5 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion  514.5 Adult Crop  (741.6) Adult Midgut  (665.8) Adult Hindgut    424.9 Adult Malpighian Tubules  (575.4) Adult Fat Body  (845.2) Adult Salivary Gland  (696.5) Adult Heart  515.875 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca  (809.5) Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca  (1205.2) Adult Ovary  (2065.6) Adult Testis    135.4 Adult Male Accessory Gland  (1933.7) Adult Carcass    498.4 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High  Linear, scaled to High level expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System  (1336.425) Larval Midgut    495.8 Larval Hindgut    798.1 Larval Malpighian Tubules    287.8 Larval Fat Body    357.7 Larval Salivary Gland  (1431.1) Larval Trachea  (1522.175) Larval Carcass  (1252.65) Adult Head    470.1 Adult Eye    327.125 Adult Brain    319.5 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    514.5 Adult Crop    741.6 Adult Midgut    665.8 Adult Hindgut    424.9 Adult Malpighian Tubules    575.4 Adult Fat Body    845.2 Adult Salivary Gland    696.5 Adult Heart    515.875 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    809.5 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca  (1205.2) Adult Ovary  (2065.6) Adult Testis    135.4 Adult Male Accessory Gland  (1933.7) Adult Carcass    498.4 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Very high expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    1336.425 Larval Midgut    495.8 Larval Hindgut    798.1 Larval Malpighian Tubules    287.8 Larval Fat Body    357.7 Larval Salivary Gland    1431.1 Larval Trachea    1522.175 Larval Carcass    1252.65 Adult Head    470.1 Adult Eye    327.125 Adult Brain    319.5 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    514.5 Adult Crop    741.6 Adult Midgut    665.8 Adult Hindgut    424.9 Adult Malpighian Tubules    575.4 Adult Fat Body    845.2 Adult Salivary Gland    696.5 Adult Heart    515.875 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    809.5 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    1205.2 Adult Ovary    2065.6 Adult Testis    135.4 Adult Male Accessory Gland    1933.7 Adult Carcass    498.4 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  log, scaled to maximum FBgn0002780 expression level Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    1336.425 Larval Midgut    495.8 Larval Hindgut    798.1 Larval Malpighian Tubules    287.8 Larval Fat Body    357.7 Larval Salivary Gland    1431.1 Larval Trachea    1522.175 Larval Carcass    1252.65 Adult Head    470.1 Adult Eye    327.125 Adult Brain    319.5 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    514.5 Adult Crop    741.6 Adult Midgut    665.8 Adult Hindgut    424.9 Adult Malpighian Tubules    575.4 Adult Fat Body    845.2 Adult Salivary Gland    696.5 Adult Heart    515.875 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    809.5 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    1205.2 Adult Ovary    2065.6 Adult Testis    135.4 Adult Male Accessory Gland    1933.7 Adult Carcass    498.4 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  log, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System  (1336.425) Larval Midgut    495.8 Larval Hindgut  798.1 Larval Malpighian Tubules    287.8 Larval Fat Body    357.7 Larval Salivary Gland  (1431.1) Larval Trachea  (1522.175) Larval Carcass  (1252.65) Adult Head    470.1 Adult Eye    327.125 Adult Brain    319.5 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion  514.5 Adult Crop  741.6 Adult Midgut  665.8 Adult Hindgut    424.9 Adult Malpighian Tubules  575.4 Adult Fat Body  (845.2) Adult Salivary Gland  696.5 Adult Heart  515.875 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca  809.5 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca  (1205.2) Adult Ovary  (2065.6) Adult Testis    135.4 Adult Male Accessory Gland  (1933.7) Adult Carcass    498.4 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High  log, scaled to High level expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System  1336.425 Larval Midgut    495.8 Larval Hindgut    798.1 Larval Malpighian Tubules    287.8 Larval Fat Body    357.7 Larval Salivary Gland  1431.1 Larval Trachea  1522.175 Larval Carcass  1252.65 Adult Head    470.1 Adult Eye    327.125 Adult Brain    319.5 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    514.5 Adult Crop    741.6 Adult Midgut    665.8 Adult Hindgut    424.9 Adult Malpighian Tubules    575.4 Adult Fat Body    845.2 Adult Salivary Gland    696.5 Adult Heart    515.875 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    809.5 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca  1205.2 Adult Ovary  (2065.6) Adult Testis    135.4 Adult Male Accessory Gland  (1933.7) Adult Carcass    498.4 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  log, scaled to Very high expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    1336.425 Larval Midgut    495.8 Larval Hindgut    798.1 Larval Malpighian Tubules    287.8 Larval Fat Body    357.7 Larval Salivary Gland    1431.1 Larval Trachea    1522.175 Larval Carcass    1252.65 Adult Head    470.1 Adult Eye    327.125 Adult Brain    319.5 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    514.5 Adult Crop    741.6 Adult Midgut    665.8 Adult Hindgut    424.9 Adult Malpighian Tubules    575.4 Adult Fat Body    845.2 Adult Salivary Gland    696.5 Adult Heart    515.875 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    809.5 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    1205.2 Adult Ovary    2065.6 Adult Testis    135.4 Adult Male Accessory Gland    1933.7 Adult Carcass    498.4 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  Heatmap Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System     Larval Midgut     Larval Hindgut     Larval Malpighian Tubules     Larval Fat Body     Larval Salivary Gland     Larval Trachea     Larval Carcass     Adult Head     Adult Eye     Adult Brain     Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion     Adult Crop     Adult Midgut     Adult Hindgut     Adult Malpighian Tubules     Adult Fat Body     Adult Salivary Gland     Adult Heart     Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca     Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca     Adult Ovary     Adult Testis     Adult Male Accessory Gland     Adult Carcass     FlyAtlas Organ/Tissue Expression, larval vs. adult Larval Expression Level Tissue Adult Expression Level   NA  Head    470.1   NA  Eye    327.125   NA  Brain    319.5   1336.425  Central Nervous System    NA   NA  Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    514.5   NA  Crop    741.6   495.8  Midgut    665.8   798.1  Hindgut    424.9   287.8  Malpighian Tubules    575.4   357.7  Fat Body    845.2   1431.1  Salivary Gland    696.5   NA  Heart    515.875   1522.175  Trachea    NA   NA  VirginFemale Spermatheca    809.5   NA  InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    1205.2   NA  Ovary    2065.6   NA  Testis    135.4   NA  Male Accessory Gland    1933.7   1252.65  Carcass    498.4 modENCODE Temporal Expression Data (Graveley et al., 2011) FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data (Chintapalli et al., 2007)
Expression Clusters
	A cluster of genes with similar mRNA expression dynamics across development. (The modENCODE Consortium, 2010) mE2_34_mRNA_expression_cluster_08
External Data & Images
Linkouts	FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies • FBgn0002780 FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array • CG2050-RA
Alleles & Phenotypes
Summary of Allele Phenotypes
Lethality Allele lethal | embryonic stage modL6 modL8 lethal | larval stage modL8 lethal | larval stage | recessive modS095214 lethal | pharate adult stage | recessive modL8 lethal | polyphasic | recessive modL4 lethal | recessive mod5.1 modL6 modL8 viable modCB02172 Sterility Allele male semi-sterile mod07570 male semi-sterile | recessive mod07570 male sterile (with mod07570) modL8 male sterile (with modL8) mod07570 male sterile | recessive mod07570 Other Phenotypes Allele decreased cell size modL8 developmental rate defective modL8 increased cell death, with Scer\GAL4en-e16E modScer\UAS.cPa increased cell size, with Scer\GAL4en-e16E modScer\UAS.cPa Minute modL8 Minute (with mod07570) modL8 Minute (with modL8) mod07570 modS095214 Minute (with modS095214) modL8 mitotic cell cycle defective, with Scer\GAL4Act5C.PP modScer\UAS.cPa suppressor of variegation | dominant, with In(1)wm4 mod5.1 modL4 modL6 visible | cell autonomous | recessive | somatic clone modL8 wild-type mod+t12 Phenotype manifest in Allele adult abdomen | somatic clone modL8 adult head | somatic clone modL8 adult thorax & macrochaeta | somatic clone | cell autonomous modL8 adult thorax | somatic clone modL8 embryonic/larval midgut modL8 embryonic/larval posterior spiracle modL6 modL8 embryonic labial segment modL6 modL8 embryonic mandibular segment modL6 modL8 embryonic maxillary segment modL6 modL8 leg | somatic clone modL8 macrochaeta modL8 macrochaeta (with mod07570) modL8 macrochaeta (with modL8) mod07570 modS095214 macrochaeta (with modS095214) modL8 macrochaeta | cell autonomous | somatic clone modL8 somatic muscle modL6 modL8
Classical Alleles ( 17 )
For All Classical Alleles Show
Allele of mod Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion mod07570 hypomorphic allele - genetic evidence P-element activity 1 -- mod5-HA-1852 1 -- mode00739 piggyBac transposase 1 -- mode04041 piggyBac transposase 1 -- modf01784 1 -- modNP0302 1 -- modL6 amorphic allele - genetic evidence 0 -- modL8 amorphic allele - genetic evidence, loss of function allele 0 Yes mod5.1 hypomorphic allele - genetic evidence 0 -- modCB02172 P-element activity 0 Yes modd1 FLPase 0 Yes mode03224 piggyBac transposase 0 -- mode03419 piggyBac transposase 0 -- modEP3053 P-element activity 0 -- modL4 loss of function allele 0 Yes modS095214 Delta2-3 0 Yes modunspecified 0 --
Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs ( 8 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Allele of mod Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion modGLV21029 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 1 Yes modJF02945 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 1 Yes mod+t12 in vitro construct - genomic fragment 0 Yes mod+t33 in vitro construct - genomic fragment 0 Yes modGD4608 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes modMntA.T:Zzzz\His6 in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - coding region fusion 0 Yes modScer\UAS.cPa in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes modt5.8 in vitro construct - genomic fragment 0 Yes
Aneuploid Aberrations
Disrupted in	Ab(3R;?)A4-4L4 (Garzino et al., 1992) Df(3R)04661 (Spradling et al., 1999, Roman et al., 2000, BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999) Df(3R)A4-4L3 (Roman et al., 2000) Df(3R)A4-4L6 (Garzino et al., 1992, Graba et al., 1994) Df(3R)A4-4L8 (Roman et al., 2000, Perrin et al., 2003, Garzino et al., 1992, Pereira et al., 1992, Graba et al., 1994) Df(3R)AP4 (Pereira et al., 1992) Df(3R)faf-BP (Roman et al., 2000) Df(3R)G45-53 (Dansereau et al., 1999) Df(3R)td106 (Roman et al., 2000) Df(3R)wrev2 (Pereira et al., 1992)
Partially disrupted in	Df(3R)krz (Molnar et al., 2011)
Transgenic Constructs & Insertions
Transgenic Constructs
	Type of construct Name Expression data UAS construct P{GD4608} NA P{TRiP.GLV21029} NA P{TRiP.JF02945} NA P{UAS-mod.P} NA reporter construct P{mod-lacZ.P1.mut} No P{mod-lacZ.P1} No P{modT-lacZ} No characterization construct P{b5.8} NA P{MAP+33} NA P{mod+Sph} NA
Insertions
	Type of insertions Name Expression data insertion of enhancer trap P{lacW}krzS095214 No P{PZ}mod(mdg4)03852 No P{PZ}mod07570 No insertion of mobile activating element P{EP}modEP3053 NA miscellaneous insertions P{PTT-GB}modCB02172 NA P{RS5}mod5-HA-1852 NA PBac{RB}mode00739 NA PBac{RB}mode03224 NA PBac{RB}mode03419 NA PBac{RB}mode04041 NA PBac{WH}modf01784 NA insertion of enhancer trap binary system P{GawB}modNP0302 No
Gene Ontology: Function, Process & Cellular Component ( 11 unique terms )
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence ( 9 terms )
Molecular Function
CV term Evidence References
DNA binding inferred from direct assay (Garzino et al., 1992) protein binding inferred from physical interaction with nej (Bantignies et al., 2002) sequence-specific DNA binding inferred from direct assay (Mikhaylova et al., 2006)
Biological Process
CV term Evidence References
cell proliferation inferred from mutant phenotype (Perrin et al., 2003) spermatid development inferred from mutant phenotype (Castrillon et al., 1993)
Cellular Component
CV term Evidence References
cytoplasm inferred from direct assay (Mikhaylova et al., 2006) nucleolus inferred from direct assay (Bantignies et al., 2002) nucleus inferred from direct assay (Mikhaylova et al., 2006) protein complex inferred from physical interaction with nej (Bantignies et al., 2002)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions ( 3 terms )
Molecular Function
CV term Evidence References
DNA binding non-traceable author statement (Perrin et al., 1996) mRNA binding inferred from sequence or structural similarity (Lasko, 2000) non-traceable author statement (Perrin et al., 1996) nucleotide binding inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR012677 (FlyBase Curators et al., 2004-)
Biological Process ( 0 terms)
Cellular Component ( 0 terms)
Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene
	nuclear_gene   protein_coding_gene
Interactions & Pathways
Summary of Physical Interactions
Protein-protein
Interacting group Assay References
Summary of Genetic Interactions
Interacts with	Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions mod allele Gene References modScer\UAS.cPa stg (Perrin et al., 2003) unspecified tsh (Alexandre et al., 1996)
External Data
Linkouts	BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions • 68602 DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions. • FBgn0002780 InterologFinder Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets. • 43764
Orthologs
Genome-wide drosophilid orthologs	Dana\GF17499 Dere\GG11841 Dgri\GH13848 Dmoj\GI24822 Dper\GL23456 Dpse\GA15207 Dsec\GM16461 Dsim\GD21612 Dvir\GJ24466 Dwil\GK12167 Dyak\GE10975
Curated drosophilid orthologs	Dpse\GA15207
Linkouts	InParanoid A subset of ortholog calls from InParanoid. • 5009419 Sorghum bicolor (sorghum) OrthoDB (Arthropod subset) The hierarchical catalog of eukaryotic orthologs. • FBgn0228804 FBgn0214178 FBgn0211546 FBgn0193036 FBgn0171376 FBgn0075231 FBgn0161046 FBgn0147543 FBgn0121324 FBgn0104136 FBgn0094517
Stocks & Reagents
Stocks Listed in FlyBase ( 8 )
Bloomington	28314 y1 v1; P{TRiP.JF02945}attP2 35664 y1 sc* v1; P{TRiP.GLV21029}attP2 11795 ry506 P{PZ}mod07570/TM3, ryRK Sb1 Ser1
Harvard	- PBac{RB}mode00739 - PBac{RB}mode04041 - PBac{WH}modf01784
Kyoto	125432 w1118; P{RS5}mod5-HA-1852 / Sb / Sb+ 103583 y* w*; P{GawB}modNP0302 / TM6, P{UAS-lacZ.UW23-1}UW23-1
Genomic Clones ( 1 )
	BACR21I23 Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete
cDNA Clones ( 339 )
	Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see GBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.
cDNA Clones, Fully Sequenced
BDGP DGC clones	LD22216 RE08878
Other clones
cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
BDGP DGC clones	AT21993 AT27632 AT28236 GH06345 GH07271 GH07941 GH15718 GH22503 GH27965 GM01254 GM01287 GM01450 GM01452 GM01513 GM01946 GM02152 GM03186 GM03826 GM04021 GM04082 GM07506 GM07974 GM08477 GM10506 GM10513 GM10534 GM13717 GM15903 GM16236 GM22206 GM24608 GM25914 GM29882 LD03937 LD04273 LD04723 LD04947 LD05201 LD05319 LD07092 LD07788 LD08207 LD11319 LD11353 LD11654 LD12421 LD12684 LD13806 LD14809 LD16238 LD16552 LD16626 LD17703 LD18922 LD19569 LD20332 LD22751 LD24305 LD25057 LD25262 LD25854 LD25894 LD26652 LD26665 LD26951 LD27189 LD27843 LD28312 LD28967 LD28987 LD29910 LD30245 LD30585 LD31620 LD32119 LD32334 LD32338 LD32342 LD32465 LD33715 LD35143 LD36159 LD36338 LD36858 LD36908 LD37062 LD37191 LD37363 LD37988 LD38001 LD38456 LD38580 LD38642 LD39567 LD40041 LD40182 LD40764 LD41377 LD41650 LD41733 LD41745 LD42047 LD42283 LD42354 LD42844 LD42942 LD43660 LD44252 LD44367 LD45163 LD46345 LD47124 LD47758 LD47960 LP09987 LP12460 RE10952 RE12437 RE22915 RE33745 RE34153 RE42359 RE49560 RE52830 RE69449 RE73784 SD01984 SD03133 SD03411 SD03823 SD04195 SD05245 SD07637 SD08250 SD08939 SD11166 SD11649 SD12775 SD12831 SD13164 SD15095 SD15486 SD17166 SD17586 SD17821 SD20459 SD20671 SD21747 SD21821 SD24992 SD25510 SD26687 SD26803
Other clones	1703 9735 11349 28406 34200 80201 82732 153497 155685 214537.37 522460 527745 CK01.2D.F2 CK01.3B.G8 CK01.3D.G4 CK01.65D.A12 CK01.72A.D2 CK01.88B.C6 CK01.97C.A8 CK01.97C.B8 CK01.99B.F7 CK01.108C.D1 CK01.110A.C8 CK01.113C.G9 Dmel_dig_018988_0706_2270 Dmel_neb_010731_0329_2528 Dmel_neb_011115_0367_3577 Dmel_neb_012573_0151_2450 Dmel_neb_013018_0130_1885 Dmel_neb_013517_0321_2858 Dmel_neb_014038_0084_0921 Dmel_neb_015611_0133_1761 Dmel_neb_015706_0134_1758 EK002920 EK008043 EK053634 EK057145 EK069543 EK069603 EK075536 EK075540 EK085607 EK086302 EK090104 EK099344 EK109418 EK111647 EK123250 EK148834 EK164812 EK212759 EK256854 EK259227 EK291655 EN02051 EN07853 EP19638 FGC025C08 FGC026D08 FGC026E01 FGH105F10 FGM002C09 FGM233C11 FGM238B02 FGM316D04 LD01917 LD02847 LD03540 LD04441 LD06166 LD06493 LD06536 LD06928 LD08704 LD09057 LD09286 LD09308 LD09935 LD10272 LD11710 LD11823 LD11971 LD12875 LD13216 LD13941 LD14107 LD14177 LD14957 LD15048 LD15114 LD16171 LD17277 LD17722 LD18745 LD20381 LD21450 LD21821 LD22230 LD23025 LD23214 LD23654 LD24572 LD25117 LD25402 LD25531 LD25635 LD26242 LD26868 LD28408 LD29332 LD29345 LD29592 LD30228 LD32431 LD34180 LD34478 LD35129 LD35448 LD37078 LD38113 LD38247 LD39447 LD40832 LD43794 LP09685 RE02307 RE03527 RE04249 RE05634 RE13638 RE16193 RE17620 RE22051 RE23017 RE25836 RE27643 RE30895 RE31656 RE35102 RE35919 RE36710 RE38483 RE38583 RE40066 RE42016 RE42361 RE42988 RE43116 RE45437 RE47262 RE48210 RE50414 RE50424 RE52553 RE52842 RE52952 RE54259 RE55282 RE55682 RE57591 RE58669 RE61196 RE63907 RE65060 RE68651 RE68985 RE69746 RE71251 RE72457 RE72878 RH02436 RH03301 RH25848 RH32713 RH34057 RH34576 RH38831 RH39789 RH61464 RH68474 RH73379 UUGC0264 UUGC0691 UUGC0837
RNAi & Array Information
Linkouts	DRSC - Results from RNAi screens. • FBgn0002780 GenomeRNAi - GenomeRNAi – A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents • 43764
Antibody Information
Other Information
Discoverer
Etymology
Identification
Relationship to Other Genes
Source for database identity of	Source for identity of: mod CG2050 (Zhao, 1999.11)
Source for database merge of	Source for merge of: mod ms(3)100EF (Spradling et al., 1999)
Additional comments	"ird6" may correspond to the "krz" or "mod" gene or both; the ird61 mutation fails to complement the lethality of "krz" alleles (krzS047819) and deficiences which affect "mod" (Df(3R)A4-4L2 and Df(3R)A4-4L3). (Wu et al., 2001) "ird6" stated to correspond to "mod". (Choe et al., 2000) may be allelic to e(gs)
Other Comments
	The size of the mod protein differs between testes and somatic tissues. The testes-specific mod variant has an apparent molecular mass that is consistent with the predicted 60.3 kDa of the full size protein. The mod variant expressed in somatic tissues has an apparent molecular mass of approximately 50 kDa and is missing the acidic N-terminal domain found in the full size protein. (Mikhaylova et al., 2006) Both the full-size testes-specific variant and the 50 kDa somatic variant of the mod protein specifically bind to the conserved testis-specific TSE promoter motif. (Mikhaylova et al., 2006) mod is required selectively in proliferative cells to sustain their growth and maintain their specific size. (Perrin et al., 2003) mod is a genetic target of tsh. A biological role of tsh is to repress mod expression in the ectoderm and this negative control is performed independently of Scr. tsh protein binds to specific DNA sequences within a 5' mod regulatory region that reproduces tsh-dependent expression in the ectoderm. (Alexandre et al., 1996) mod gene acts downstream of pattern forming genes of both the embryonic axes and that its function is required for an accurate morphogenesis of several tissue types. (Graba et al., 1994) Postmeiotic differentiation defect. (Castrillon et al., 1993) mod is a haplo suppressor of position effect variegation (PEV). At the genetic level mod acts downstream of Ubx, Scr, tsh, dl, twi and sna. Mutant analysis demonstrates mod is required to allow accurate morphogenesis to occur. Together these results suggest that mod could act as a 'memory' of selector gene information regulating the expression of the gene directly involved in morphogenesis via chromatin structure. (Laurenti et al., 1993) Mutant phenotype, expression pattern during embryogenesis and DNA binding activity of gene product suggest that mod regulates chromatin structure and activity in specific cell lineages. (Garzino et al., 1992) P element transformation experiments demonstrated that mod+ can replace the function of Map205. (Pereira et al., 1992)
External Crossreferences & Linkouts
Sequence Crossreferences
	RefSeq (Transcripts) • NM_079875 RefSeq (Proteins) • NP_524614 DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank • AA802207 AA817110 AAF08255 AAF57213 AAL13748 AAN71293 AF185267 AF221066 AI455242 AQ025239 AQ026436 AY058519 BI168277 BT001538 CAA33732 CZ478588 CZ478589 CZ480997 CZ481198 CZ481793 X15702 Entrez Gene - A searchable database of RefSeq genes. • 43764 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot • P13469 UniProtKB/TrEMBL • Q8IGX8
Other Crossreferences
	InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites • RNA recognition motif domain (IPR000504) Nucleotide-binding, alpha-beta plait (IPR012677)
Linkouts
	BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions • 68602 DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions. • FBgn0002780 DRSC - Results from RNAi screens. • FBgn0002780 FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies • FBgn0002780 FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array • CG2050-RA FlyMine - Integrated genomics database for Drosophila, Anopheles, and C.elegans • FBgn0002780 GenomeRNAi - GenomeRNAi – A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents • 43764 InParanoid A subset of ortholog calls from InParanoid. • 5009419 Sorghum bicolor (sorghum) Interactive Fly - A cyberspace guide to Drosophila development and metazoan evolution • /polycomb/modulo1.htm InterologFinder Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets. • 43764 modMine - Data generated by the modENCODE project. • FBgn0002780 OrthoDB (Arthropod subset) The hierarchical catalog of eukaryotic orthologs. • FBgn0228804 FBgn0214178 FBgn0211546 FBgn0193036 FBgn0171376 FBgn0075231 FBgn0161046 FBgn0147543 FBgn0121324 FBgn0104136 FBgn0094517
Synonyms & Secondary IDs ( 8 )
Reported As
Symbol Synonym	0952/14 (Deak et al., 1997) CG2050 (Perkins et al., 2009, Wittkopp et al., 2008, Ni et al., 2011.7.19, Cammarato et al., 2011) mod (Wittkopp et al., 2006, Mikhaylova et al., 2006, Gan et al., 2010, Buszczak et al., 2007, Benassayag et al., 2005, Haerty et al., 2007, Taghli-Lamallem et al., 2007, Rathke et al., 2007, Ayroles et al., 2009, Wittkopp et al., 2008, Hofmann et al., 2010) Mod (Burgio et al., 2008, Reis et al., 2010) ms(3)100EF (Meister and Braun, 1995.10, BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999, Castrillon et al., 1993, )
Name Synonym	male sterile(3)100EF   modulo (Perrin, 1999.9.9, Molnar et al., 2011, Taghli-Lamallem et al., 2007, Rathke et al., 2007, McGraw et al., 2008, Harbison et al., 2005, Hofmann et al., 2010, Archambault et al., 2008, Cammarato et al., 2011) Modulo (Nurminsky and Mikhaylova, 2007, Mikhaylova et al., 2006, Wang and Brock, 2003)
Secondary FlyBase IDs
	FBgn0011255
References ( 96 )
Generate a list of	All references relating to this gene ( 96 )
List References by type	Research paper  ( 51 ) Supplementary material  ( 5 ) Review  ( 13 ) Personal communication to FlyBase  ( 4 ) Abstract  ( 10 ) FlyBase analysis  ( 2 ) DNA/RNA sequence record  ( 2 ) Computer file  ( 4 ) Curated genome annotation  ( 2 ) Automatic genome annotation  ( 1 ) Protein sequence record  ( 1 )
Recent research papers ( 5 )
	Molnar et al., 2011, PLoS Genet. 7(3): e1001335 Role of the Drosophila non-visual ß-arrestin kurtz in hedgehog signalling. [FBrf0213301] Blanco et al., 2010, BMC Dev. Biol. 10: 94 Gene expression following induction of regeneration in Drosophila wing imaginal discs. Expression profile of regenerating wing discs. [FBrf0211812] Gan et al., 2010, Cell Res. 20(7): 763--783 Dynamic regulation of alternative splicing and chromatin structure in Drosophila gonads revealed by RNA-seq. [FBrf0211191] Hofmann et al., 2010, Chromosome Res. 18(3): 307--324 The winged-helix transcription factor JUMU regulates development, nucleolus morphology and function, and chromatin organization of Drosophila melanogaster. [FBrf0210558] Reis et al., 2010, PLoS Genet. 6(11): e1001206 A buoyancy-based screen of Drosophila larvae for fat-storage mutants reveals a role for sir2 in coupling fat storage to nutrient availability. [FBrf0212335] Show all research papers ...
Recent reviews (0)
	All reviews listed in FlyBase were published before 2010 Show reviews ...