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Gene Dmel\mod(mdg4)

General Information
Symbol	Dmel\mod(mdg4)	Species	D. melanogaster
Name	modifier of mdg4	Annotation symbol	CG32491
Feature type	protein_coding_gene	FlyBase ID	FBgn0002781
Gene Model Status	Current	Stock availability	15 publicly available
Also Known As	E(var)3-93D, doom, mnm, mod(mdg4)67.2, Mod(mdg)4, Mod[mdg4], Mod(mdg4)2.2, Mod(mdg4)-67.2, modifier of mdg4 in meiosis, MOD2.2
Genomic Location
Chromosome (arm)	3R	Recombination map	3-70.7
Cytogenetic map	93D7-93D9	Sequence location	3R:17,177,331..17,203,121 [-]
Genomic Maps Select View:Gene Models/EvidenceExpression/RegulationMegaViewGene Disruptions, Stocks and Reagents modENCODE GBrowse	Decorated FastA GenBankGFF Gene region Extended Gene region CDSIntronsExonsTranslationsTranscripts3' UTR5' UTR
Summary Information
Automatically generated summary See sections below for more information	The gene modifier of mdg4 is referred to in FlyBase by the symbol Dmel\mod(mdg4) (CG32491, FBgn0002781). It is a protein_coding_gene from Drosophila melanogaster. There is experimental evidence that it has the molecular function: protein binding; chromatin binding. There is experimental evidence that it is involved in the biological process: regulation of apoptosis; male meiosis I; induction of apoptosis; male meiosis chromosome segregation; oogenesis; germ cell migration; regulation of chromatin assembly or disassembly. 67 alleles are reported. The phenotypes of these alleles are annotated with: eye; ovariole; terminal filament; ovary; wing; embryo. It has 31 annotated transcripts and 31 annotated polypeptides. Protein features are: BTB/POZ; BTB/POZ fold; BTB/POZ-like; Zinc finger, FLYWCH-type. Summary of modENCODE Temporal Expression Profile: Temporal profile ranges from a peak of high expression to a trough of moderate expression. Peak expression observed within 00-12 hour embryonic stages. Summary of FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data: Two or more Affy2 ProbeSets identify exons of this gene. This is a summary of the tissue expression peaks exhibited in at least one of these ProbeSets. Expression in all larval and adult organs/tissues ranges from low to undetected. Expression at high levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: larval salivary gland, adult male accessory gland. Expression at moderate levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult eye, larval/adult central nervous system, adult crop, larval hindgut, larval/adult Malpighian tubules, adult heart, larval fat body, adult salivary gland, larval trachea, adult female reproductive system, larval carcass. Gene sequence location is 3R:17177331..17203121.
External Summaries
Recent Updates
Description	What does this section display? This section contains items that were added to this record for each release. It currently only tracks new links between this FlyBase report and other FlyBase data classes (e.g. genes, references, stocks) or controlled vocabulary terms (e.g. GO, anatomy terms). What does this section not display? This section does not currently display links that were removed or gene model changes.
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FB2011_10	References Drysdale, 2003, Brief Functional Genomics Proteomics 2(2): 128--134 Richter et al., 2011, Nat. Cell Biol. 13(9): 1029--1039 Abhiman et al., 2008, Bioinformatics 24(4): 458--461
FB2012_01	References Vatolina et al., 2011, Genetika, Moscow 47(5): 597--609 Wallace et al., 2010, Chromosoma 119(2): 177--194 Vatolina et al., 2011, Russ. J. Genet. 47(5): 521--532 Sequence features HFA13475 HFA13474 BKN41015 HFA17000 HFA13479 BKN34484 BKN60160 HFA15042 BKN60520 HFA13478
All updates	Click here to see a list of all updates to this record from FB2010_08 and on.
Detailed Mapping Data
FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Evidence for location 93D7-93D9   Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{PZ}Atpα01164 and P{PZ}mod(mdg4)07038&P{lacW}mod(mdg4)L3101
Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Notes References 93D7-93D7     (Gerasimova, 1995.7.5) 93D-93D     (Dorn, 1993.11.4) 93E1-93E2   (determined by in situ hybridisation)   (Spradling et al., 1999) 93D-93D   (determined by in situ hybridisation)   (Gorczyca et al., 1999) 93E1-93E2   (determined by in situ hybridisation)   (Perrimon et al., 1996) 93D9-93D10   93E1--2   (BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999) 93D-93D   (determined by in situ hybridisation)   (Dorn et al., 1993) 93D-93D   (determined by in situ hybridisation)   (Georgiev and Gerasimova, 1989)
Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
Location	3-70.7   3-30.7 (Georgiev and Gerasimova, 1989) 3- (Dorn et al., 1993)
Left of (cM)
Right of (cM)
Notes	Maps within 0.1cM of e. (Gerasimova et al., 1995)
Gene Model & Products
Please see the GBrowse view of Dmel\mod(mdg4) for information on other features To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form
Comments on Gene Model
	gene_with_trans_spliced_transcript ; SO:0000459
Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name FlyBase ID RefSeq ID Length (nt) Associated CDS (aa) mod(mdg4)-RA FBtr0084060  NM_163878   1961   485 mod(mdg4)-RAA FBtr0114359  NM_001104386   1658   488 mod(mdg4)-RAB FBtr0114360  NM_001104387   1721   506 mod(mdg4)-RAC FBtr0114361  NM_001104388   1799   540 mod(mdg4)-RAD FBtr0307759     1689   509 mod(mdg4)-RAE FBtr0307760     1596   478 mod(mdg4)-RB FBtr0084061  NM_163883   2195   498 mod(mdg4)-RC FBtr0084062  NM_163891   1836   534 mod(mdg4)-RD FBtr0084063  NM_163879   1749   520 mod(mdg4)-RE FBtr0084064  NM_163890   2281   603 mod(mdg4)-RF FBtr0084065  NM_080197   2230   536 mod(mdg4)-RG FBtr0084066  NM_163880   1736   497 mod(mdg4)-RH FBtr0084067  NM_163882   2204   514 mod(mdg4)-RI FBtr0084068  NM_163884   1876   541 mod(mdg4)-RJ FBtr0084069  NM_163885   1673   473 mod(mdg4)-RK FBtr0084070  NM_163888   2143   510 mod(mdg4)-RL FBtr0084071  NM_163887   1660   476 mod(mdg4)-RM FBtr0084072  NM_163889   2044   503 mod(mdg4)-RN FBtr0084073  NM_163894   2281   580 mod(mdg4)-RO FBtr0084074  NM_163893   2108   545 mod(mdg4)-RP FBtr0084075  NM_163886   1801   539 mod(mdg4)-RQ FBtr0084076  NM_163881   1620   430 mod(mdg4)-RR FBtr0084077  NM_163877   1641   475 mod(mdg4)-RS FBtr0084078  NM_163892   1906   506 mod(mdg4)-RT FBtr0084079  NM_176521   2188   553 mod(mdg4)-RU FBtr0084080  NM_176527   2147   484 mod(mdg4)-RV FBtr0084081  NM_176526   2046   565 mod(mdg4)-RW FBtr0084082  NM_176525   1692   503 mod(mdg4)-RX FBtr0084083  NM_176524   1658   488 mod(mdg4)-RY FBtr0084084  NM_176523   1698   498 mod(mdg4)-RZ FBtr0084085  NM_176522   2045   453
Additional Transcript Data & Comments
Reported size (kB)	2.3 (northern blot); 1.76 (longest cDNA) (Dorn et al., 1993) 2.2, 1.9, 1.8 (northern blot) (Gerasimova et al., 1995) 1.733 (longest cDNA) (Harvey et al., 1997)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name FlyBase ID Predicted MW (kDa) Length (aa) Theoretical pI RefSeq ID GenBank protein mod(mdg4)-PA   FBpp0083459   53.4   485   6.02     NP_732620   AAN13862 mod(mdg4)-PAA   FBpp0112908   53.5   488   5.58     NP_001097856   ABW08718 mod(mdg4)-PAB   FBpp0112909   55.2   506   4.79     NP_001097857   ABW08719 mod(mdg4)-PAC   FBpp0112910   59.3   540   4.66     NP_001097858   ABW08720 mod(mdg4)-PAD   FBpp0300270   55.7   509   5.45       mod(mdg4)-PAE   FBpp0300271   52.3   478   6.14       mod(mdg4)-PB   FBpp0083460   54.6   498   6.02     NP_732625   AAF55885 mod(mdg4)-PC   FBpp0083461   58.1   534   4.83     NP_732633   AAF55888 mod(mdg4)-PD   FBpp0083462   57.4   520   5.88     NP_732621   AAF55884 mod(mdg4)-PE   FBpp0083463   65.0   603   5.69     NP_732632   AAN13872 mod(mdg4)-PF   FBpp0083464   58.6   536   4.86     NP_524936   AAF55883 mod(mdg4)-PG   FBpp0083465   54.3   497   5.09     NP_732622   AAN13863 mod(mdg4)-PH   FBpp0083466   56.4   514   4.93     NP_732624   AAN13865 mod(mdg4)-PI   FBpp0083467   59.1   541   5.35     NP_732626   AAN13866 mod(mdg4)-PJ   FBpp0083468   51.4   473   5.27     NP_732627   AAN13867 mod(mdg4)-PK   FBpp0083469   55.8   510   5.31     NP_732630   AAN13870 mod(mdg4)-PL   FBpp0083470   52.3   476   5.59     NP_732629   AAN13869 mod(mdg4)-PM   FBpp0083471   55.3   503   6.28     NP_732631   AAN13871 mod(mdg4)-PN   FBpp0083472   64.2   580   4.94     NP_732636   AAN13875 mod(mdg4)-PO   FBpp0083473   60.2   545   5.32     NP_732635   AAN13874 mod(mdg4)-PP   FBpp0083474   58.8   539   5.22     NP_732628   AAN13868 mod(mdg4)-PQ   FBpp0083475   46.4   430   4.54     NP_732623   AAN13864 mod(mdg4)-PR   FBpp0083476   52.1   475   6.38     NP_732619   AAF55882 mod(mdg4)-PS   FBpp0083477   55.3   506   5.32     NP_732634   AAN13873 mod(mdg4)-PT   FBpp0083478   61.1   553   4.51     NP_788698   AAO41580 mod(mdg4)-PU   FBpp0083479   53.0   484   5.64     NP_788704   AAO41586 mod(mdg4)-PV   FBpp0083480   62.1   565   5.25     NP_788703   AAO41585 mod(mdg4)-PW   FBpp0083481   55.4   503   6.70     NP_788702   AAO41584 mod(mdg4)-PX   FBpp0083482   53.4   488   6.51     NP_788701   AAO41583 mod(mdg4)-PY   FBpp0083483   54.6   498   5.63     NP_788700   AAO41582 mod(mdg4)-PZ   FBpp0083484   49.0   453   4.64     NP_788699   AAO41581
Additional Polypeptide Data & Comments
Reported size (kDa)	610, 534 (aa) (Dorn et al., 1993) 610, 524, 520 (aa); 67, 58, 57 (kD predicted) (Gerasimova et al., 1995) 514 (aa) (Harvey et al., 1997)
Comments	The "Doom" variant of mod(mdg4) protein induces apoptosis in insect cells which is inhibited by baculovirus IAP (inhibitor-of-apoptosis). The region of the "Doom" protein required for apoptosis and for binding to baculovirus IAP genes maps to the carboxy-terminal end. Carboxy-terminal amino acids 403-514 are unique to the "Doom" protein and distinguish it from other mod(mdg4) proteins. (Harvey et al., 1997) Genetic studies showed that mod(mdg4) protein acts through the su(Hw) binding region, either by binding directly to DNA or by interacting with the su(Hw) protein. Purified mod(mdg4) protein was used to distinguish between these possibilites. Results indicate that mod(mdg4) protein does not interact with DNA from the su(Hw)-binding region but does interact with su(Hw) protein. (Gerasimova et al., 1995) mod(mdg4) protein is distributed at many sites along the polytene chromosomes including the BXC and ANTC complexes and the white gene. Many of these sites are correlated with less condensed interbands. (Dorn et al., 1993) encoded by mod1.9 (FlyBase, 1992-) encoded by mod2.2 (FlyBase, 1992-) encoded by mod1.8 (FlyBase, 1992-) fragment of protein B (FlyBase, 1992-)
External Data
Linkouts
Crossreferences	InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites • BTB/POZ-like (IPR000210) Zinc finger, FLYWCH-type (IPR007588) BTB/POZ (IPR013069) BTB/POZ fold (IPR011333)
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank	DNA sequence Protein sequence Name AA201111   AA201324   AA201469   AA201651   AA202106   AA202207   AA202477   AA202663   AA202672   AA202811   AA202927   AA203060   AA246199   AA246308   AA246590   AA246727   AA246957   AA263663   AA263675   AA263701   AA264717   AA264972   AA264979   AA390534   AA390723   AA391064   AA391385   AA391549   AA391833   AA391892   AA392078   AA392331   AA392500   AA392715   AA438428   AA438654   AA438698   AA439810   AA440261   AA440739   AA441257   AA441681   AA536310   AA536368   AA536451   AA538646   AA538723   AA538769   AA538797   AA538902   AA539188   AA539486   AA539592   AA539966   AA540539   AA541123   AA541170   AA541218   AA567851   AA695200   AA696116   AA696433   AA697097   AA698218   AA735325   AA735350   AA735424   AA735516   AA736048   AA802153   AA802367   AA803877   AA816252   AA816308   AA816328   AA816334   AA816342   AA816616   AA816706   AA816724   AA817132   AA817390   AA817431   AA817590   AA820308   AA820535   AA820550   AA820960   AA940616   AA940984   AA941004   AA941085   AA941229   AA941515   AA941547   AA942124   AA948864   AA949075   AA949098   AA949251   AA949347   AA949398   AA949543   AA949558   AA949604   AA949635   AA949811   AA950216   AA950624   AA951507   AA951615   AA951851   AA951907   AA952211   AA978613   AA978648   AA978981   AA979043   AA979205   AA979611   AA979698   AE014297 AAF55882   AE014297 AAF55883   AE014297 AAF55884   AE014297 AAF55885   AE014297 AAF55888   AE014297 AAN13862   AE014297 AAN13863   AE014297 AAN13864   AE014297 AAN13865   AE014297 AAN13866   AE014297 AAN13867   AE014297 AAN13868   AE014297 AAN13869   AE014297 AAN13870   AE014297 AAN13871   AE014297 AAN13872   AE014297 AAN13873   AE014297 AAN13874   AE014297 AAN13875   AE014297 AAO41580   AE014297 AAO41581   AE014297 AAO41582   AE014297 AAO41583   AE014297 AAO41584   AE014297 AAO41585   AE014297 AAO41586   AE014297 ABW08718   AE014297 ABW08719   AE014297 ABW08720   AF214648 AAL33873   AF214649 AAL33874   AF214650 AAL33875   AI061743   AI107219   AI108331   AI108579   AI108617   AI238862   AI259132   AI260280   AI292725   AI295710   AI387830   AI388121   AI403702   AI455677   AI455713   AI455808   AI455845   AI455942   AI456151   AI456290   AI456298   AI456629   AI456676   AI456725   AI456752   AI456944   AI457038   AI511733   AI511777   AI511873   AI512601   AI512626   AI512829   AI512930   AI513458   AI514385   AI514411   AI514590   AI515380   AI515389   AI515609   AI515611   AI516131   AI516136   AI516365   AI516564   AI516764   AI517555   AI518213   AI518391   AI518696   AI518888   AI519147   AI519293   AI519674   AI519903   AI520229   AI520595   AI531748   AI532151   AI533158   AI533415   AI533556   AI534488   AI534742   AI542477   AI542478   AI542531   AI542824   AI542972   AI543819   AI544016   AI544160   AI546214   AI546543   AI546672   AJ249785   AJ277174 CAB85469   AJ277175 CAB85470   AJ277176   AJ277177 CAB85472   AJ277178 CAB85473   AJ277179 CAB85474   AJ277180 CAB85475   AJ277181   AJ277182 CAB85477   AJ277183 CAB85478   AJ277184 CAB85479   AJ277185 CAB85480   AJ277186   AJ277187 CAB85482   AJ277188 CAB85483   AJ277189   AJ277190 CAB85485   AJ277191 CAB85486   AJ277192   AJ277193 CAB85488   AJ277194   AJ320161 CAC51387   AJ320162 CAC51487   AJ320163 CAC51488   AJ320164   AJ320165 CAC51388   AJ586731 CAE52500   AJ586732 CAE52501   AJ586733 CAE52502   AJ586734 CAE52503   AJ586735 CAE52504   AJ586736 CAE52505   AQ026251   AQ073338   AW942765   AW944278   AY061580 AAL29128   AY118752 AAM50612   AY231878   AY231935   BG632402   BG635606   BG637242   BI163211   BI163314   BI163643   BI165721   BI167238   BI167745   BI168175   BI169052   BI169330   BI169400   BI169865   BI170181   BI170849   BI171001   BI171304   BI171657   BI172458   BI172614   BI173194   BI173527   BI173647   BI173817   BI213534   BI213668   BI213822   BI214909   BI216505   BI216687   BI228139   BI228153   BI228641   BI229714   BI232038   BI232394   BI234055   BI234713   BI235805   BI236004   BI236078   BI238267   BI238364   BI239586   BI240103   BI240714   BI241936   BI243600   BI351929   BI352111   BI353492   BI354940   BI356825   BI356929   BI358425   BI358492   BI361612   BI362117   BI363098   BI364629   BI366058   BI366322   BI366476   BI366624   BI367542   BI367776   BI368073   BI368148   BI368238   BI368270   BI368662   BI369584   BI369774   BI370119   BI371250   BI371382   BI371787   BI371900   BI371921   BI372477   BI372895   BI373982   BI374005   BI374345   BI374812   BI374927   BI376035   BI482118   BI483781   BI484277   BI485177   BI485231   BI486236   BI567405   BI569745   BI569846   BI569897   BI569925   BI570182   BI574185   BI576879   BI577560   BI577829   BI578287   BI579306   BI579875   BI580307   BI580516   BI580579   BI580634   BI583531   BI584008   BI585104   BI586917   BI587080   BI591943   BI604505   BI615374   BI615491   BI615707   BI620770   BI622090   BI624381   BI624881   BI625399   BI626743   BI628292   BI628440   BI629477   BI629492   BI631414   BI632238   BI632404   BI633115   BI634471   BI636111   BI636154   BI636322   BI637154   BI637401   BI638478   BI639333   BI639755   BI639963   BI640598   BI641274   BP542803   BP542804   BP549464   BP549465   BQ103201   BT003484 AAO39487   BT003579 AAO39583   BT029677   BT029698   BT030210   BT030240   BT030262   BT099697   BZ665625   CK132085   CK658022   CK658818   CO153717   CO177039   CO178216   CO186134   CO188680   CO265030   CO267765   CO268558   CO269751   CO274113   CO275983   CO282507   CO283123   CO284508   CO284954   CO287141   CO287547   CO291761   CO295525   CO297973   CO300845   CO309444   CO311133   CO311510   CO314466   CO315277   CO315341   CO316013   CO317144   CO327283   CO327712   CO329008   CO329282   CO329616   CO329715   CO330727   CO331672   CO340347   CO341154   CO342452   CO344289   CZ481818   DN153936   EC051011   EC052331   EC068695   EC071974   EC072042   EC072918   EC073540   EC074986   EC075305   EC076295   EC077521   EC077820   EC078847   EC194978   EC195725   EC202803   EC204805   EC204857   EC208772   EC213429   EC214183   EC214306   EC215162   EC215274   EC216450   EC218256   EC218516   EC218879   EC220356   EC220763   EC222223   EC223192   EC223562   EC226132   EC226965   EC227947   EC231613   EC235249   EC236426   EC237399   EC238986   EC239592   EC241037   EC241150   EC244271   EC245783   EC245961   EC247215   EC248079   EC251027   EC251748   EC251988   EC252309   EC254707   EC254967   EC255831   EC259838   EC260938   EC264572   EL872150   EL872151   EL872272   EL872273   EL872532   EL872533   EL873001   EL876941   EL877024   EL877120   EL877121   EL877225   EL877226   EL883691   EL884318   EL884682   EL885933   EL886266   EL886267   EV580038   EV580630   EV582683   EV585907   EV590544   EV591473   EV596760   EV598922   G00571   GH941643   GH943224   GH943570   GH945196   GH945775   GH945877   GH946517   GH947209   GH947995   GH949406   GH950548   GH954000   GH957046   GH963178   GH964011   GH964226   GH964595   GH965606   GH968560   GH968561   GH969444   GH971533   GH972131   GH973802   GH975331   GH975456   GH975613   GH978132   GH978981   GH982500   GH983860   U30905   U30913   U30914   U62802 AAC17459   X75498 CAA53215   X75499 CAA53216
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot	Q86B87
UniProtKB/TrEMBL	Q70BZ0 Q70BZ1 Q70BZ2 Q70BZ3 Q70BZ4 Q70BZ5 Q8MRZ1 Q8MSJ7
Mapped Features
Mapped Features have been reorganized, please see this article for details. Additional mapped features and mutations can be found on GBrowse or related reports. Type Symbol & Location Additional Notes References
External Data
Linkouts
Crossreferences
Expression Data
Transcript Expression
in situ Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference adult stage   mushroom body | restricted   (Kobayashi et al., 2006) northern blot Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference adult stage   organism   (Gerasimova et al., 1995)
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Notes
Polypeptide Expression
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
Subcellular Localization
CV Term	nucleus (Harvey et al., 1997) nucleus (Dorn et al., 1993)
Notes
High-Throughput Expression Data
or
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2010.10.13 for analysis details and data files for all genes. modENCODE Temporal Expression Data for FBgn0002781    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales max expr for FBgn0002781 Very low expression bin max Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max Summary of modENCODE Temporal Expression Profile: Temporal profile ranges from a peak of high expression to a trough of moderate expression. Peak expression observed within 00-12 hour embryonic stages. [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No expression (0 - 0)   Extremely low expression (1 - 10)   Very low expression (11 - 100)   Low expression (101 - 400)   Moderate expression (401 - 1400)   Moderately high expression (1401 - 4000)   High expression (4001 - 10000)   Very high expression (10001 - 100000)   Extremely high expression (100001 - 2000000) Linear, scaled to maximum FBgn0002781 expression level Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    6512 embryo 02-04hr    8739 embryo 04-06hr    6476 embryo 06-08hr    7082 embryo 08-10hr    5588 embryo 10-12hr    4262 embryo 12-14hr    2855 embryo 14-16hr    2833 embryo 16-18hr    2075 embryo 18-20hr    1455 embryo 20-22hr    2201 embryo 22-24hr    1720 larva L1    984 larva L2    751 larva L3 12hr old    635 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    909 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    1412 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    1677 white prepupae new    1630 white prepupae 12hr    2027 white prepupae 24hr    2644 pupae 2d postWPP    1724 pupae 3d postWPP    840 pupae 4d postWPP    672 adult male 01day    624 adult male 05day    724 adult male 30day    829 adult female 01day    1893 adult female 05day    2862 adult female 30day    3142 Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High  Linear, scaled to Very low expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr  (6512) embryo 02-04hr  (8739) embryo 04-06hr  (6476) embryo 06-08hr  (7082) embryo 08-10hr  (5588) embryo 10-12hr  (4262) embryo 12-14hr  (2855) embryo 14-16hr  (2833) embryo 16-18hr  (2075) embryo 18-20hr  (1455) embryo 20-22hr  (2201) embryo 22-24hr  (1720) larva L1  (984) larva L2  (751) larva L3 12hr old  (635) larva L3 puffstage 1-2  (909) larva L3 puffstage 3-6  (1412) larva L3 puffstage 7-9  (1677) white prepupae new  (1630) white prepupae 12hr  (2027) white prepupae 24hr  (2644) pupae 2d postWPP  (1724) pupae 3d postWPP  (840) pupae 4d postWPP  (672) adult male 01day  (624) adult male 05day  (724) adult male 30day  (829) adult female 01day  (1893) adult female 05day  (2862) adult female 30day  (3142) Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr  (6512) embryo 02-04hr  (8739) embryo 04-06hr  (6476) embryo 06-08hr  (7082) embryo 08-10hr  (5588) embryo 10-12hr  (4262) embryo 12-14hr  (2855) embryo 14-16hr  (2833) embryo 16-18hr  (2075) embryo 18-20hr  1455 embryo 20-22hr  (2201) embryo 22-24hr  (1720) larva L1    984 larva L2    751 larva L3 12hr old    635 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    909 larva L3 puffstage 3-6  1412 larva L3 puffstage 7-9  (1677) white prepupae new  (1630) white prepupae 12hr  (2027) white prepupae 24hr  (2644) pupae 2d postWPP  (1724) pupae 3d postWPP    840 pupae 4d postWPP    672 adult male 01day    624 adult male 05day    724 adult male 30day    829 adult female 01day  (1893) adult female 05day  (2862) adult female 30day  (3142) Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    6512 embryo 02-04hr    8739 embryo 04-06hr    6476 embryo 06-08hr    7082 embryo 08-10hr    5588 embryo 10-12hr    4262 embryo 12-14hr    2855 embryo 14-16hr    2833 embryo 16-18hr    2075 embryo 18-20hr    1455 embryo 20-22hr    2201 embryo 22-24hr    1720 larva L1    984 larva L2    751 larva L3 12hr old    635 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    909 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    1412 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    1677 white prepupae new    1630 white prepupae 12hr    2027 white prepupae 24hr    2644 pupae 2d postWPP    1724 pupae 3d postWPP    840 pupae 4d postWPP    672 adult male 01day    624 adult male 05day    724 adult male 30day    829 adult female 01day    1893 adult female 05day    2862 adult female 30day    3142 Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    6512 embryo 02-04hr    8739 embryo 04-06hr    6476 embryo 06-08hr    7082 embryo 08-10hr    5588 embryo 10-12hr    4262 embryo 12-14hr    2855 embryo 14-16hr    2833 embryo 16-18hr    2075 embryo 18-20hr    1455 embryo 20-22hr    2201 embryo 22-24hr    1720 larva L1    984 larva L2    751 larva L3 12hr old    635 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    909 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    1412 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    1677 white prepupae new    1630 white prepupae 12hr    2027 white prepupae 24hr    2644 pupae 2d postWPP    1724 pupae 3d postWPP    840 pupae 4d postWPP    672 adult male 01day    624 adult male 05day    724 adult male 30day    829 adult female 01day    1893 adult female 05day    2862 adult female 30day    3142 Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum FBgn0002781 expression level Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    6512 embryo 02-04hr    8739 embryo 04-06hr    6476 embryo 06-08hr    7082 embryo 08-10hr    5588 embryo 10-12hr    4262 embryo 12-14hr    2855 embryo 14-16hr    2833 embryo 16-18hr    2075 embryo 18-20hr    1455 embryo 20-22hr    2201 embryo 22-24hr    1720 larva L1    984 larva L2    751 larva L3 12hr old    635 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    909 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    1412 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    1677 white prepupae new    1630 white prepupae 12hr    2027 white prepupae 24hr    2644 pupae 2d postWPP    1724 pupae 3d postWPP    840 pupae 4d postWPP    672 adult male 01day    624 adult male 05day    724 adult male 30day    829 adult female 01day    1893 adult female 05day    2862 adult female 30day    3142 Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Very low expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr  (6512) embryo 02-04hr  (8739) embryo 04-06hr  (6476) embryo 06-08hr  (7082) embryo 08-10hr  (5588) embryo 10-12hr  (4262) embryo 12-14hr  (2855) embryo 14-16hr  (2833) embryo 16-18hr  (2075) embryo 18-20hr  (1455) embryo 20-22hr  (2201) embryo 22-24hr  (1720) larva L1  (984) larva L2  (751) larva L3 12hr old  (635) larva L3 puffstage 1-2  (909) larva L3 puffstage 3-6  (1412) larva L3 puffstage 7-9  (1677) white prepupae new  (1630) white prepupae 12hr  (2027) white prepupae 24hr  (2644) pupae 2d postWPP  (1724) pupae 3d postWPP  (840) pupae 4d postWPP  (672) adult male 01day  (624) adult male 05day  (724) adult male 30day  (829) adult female 01day  (1893) adult female 05day  (2862) adult female 30day  (3142) Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low  log, scaled to Moderate expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr  (6512) embryo 02-04hr  (8739) embryo 04-06hr  (6476) embryo 06-08hr  (7082) embryo 08-10hr  (5588) embryo 10-12hr  (4262) embryo 12-14hr  (2855) embryo 14-16hr  (2833) embryo 16-18hr  2075 embryo 18-20hr  1455 embryo 20-22hr  2201 embryo 22-24hr  1720 larva L1    984 larva L2    751 larva L3 12hr old    635 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    909 larva L3 puffstage 3-6  1412 larva L3 puffstage 7-9  1677 white prepupae new  1630 white prepupae 12hr  2027 white prepupae 24hr  (2644) pupae 2d postWPP  1724 pupae 3d postWPP    840 pupae 4d postWPP    672 adult male 01day    624 adult male 05day    724 adult male 30day    829 adult female 01day  1893 adult female 05day  (2862) adult female 30day  (3142) Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    6512 embryo 02-04hr    8739 embryo 04-06hr    6476 embryo 06-08hr    7082 embryo 08-10hr    5588 embryo 10-12hr    4262 embryo 12-14hr    2855 embryo 14-16hr    2833 embryo 16-18hr    2075 embryo 18-20hr    1455 embryo 20-22hr    2201 embryo 22-24hr    1720 larva L1    984 larva L2    751 larva L3 12hr old    635 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    909 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    1412 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    1677 white prepupae new    1630 white prepupae 12hr    2027 white prepupae 24hr    2644 pupae 2d postWPP    1724 pupae 3d postWPP    840 pupae 4d postWPP    672 adult male 01day    624 adult male 05day    724 adult male 30day    829 adult female 01day    1893 adult female 05day    2862 adult female 30day    3142 Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    6512 embryo 02-04hr    8739 embryo 04-06hr    6476 embryo 06-08hr    7082 embryo 08-10hr    5588 embryo 10-12hr    4262 embryo 12-14hr    2855 embryo 14-16hr    2833 embryo 16-18hr    2075 embryo 18-20hr    1455 embryo 20-22hr    2201 embryo 22-24hr    1720 larva L1    984 larva L2    751 larva L3 12hr old    635 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    909 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    1412 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    1677 white prepupae new    1630 white prepupae 12hr    2027 white prepupae 24hr    2644 pupae 2d postWPP    1724 pupae 3d postWPP    840 pupae 4d postWPP    672 adult male 01day    624 adult male 05day    724 adult male 30day    829 adult female 01day    1893 adult female 05day    2862 adult female 30day    3142 Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr     embryo 02-04hr     embryo 04-06hr     embryo 06-08hr     embryo 08-10hr     embryo 10-12hr     embryo 12-14hr     embryo 14-16hr     embryo 16-18hr     embryo 18-20hr     embryo 20-22hr     embryo 22-24hr     larva L1     larva L2     larva L3 12hr old     larva L3 puffstage 1-2     larva L3 puffstage 3-6     larva L3 puffstage 7-9     white prepupae new     white prepupae 12hr     white prepupae 24hr     pupae 2d postWPP     pupae 3d postWPP     pupae 4d postWPP     adult male 01day     adult male 05day     adult male 30day     adult female 01day     adult female 05day     adult female 30day     FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data for FBgn0002781    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap Back-to-back    Scales max expr for FBgn0002781 Moderate expression bin max High level expression bin max Very high expression bin max Summary of FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data: Two or more Affy2 ProbeSets identify exons of this gene. This is a summary of the tissue expression peaks exhibited in at least one of these ProbeSets. Expression in all larval and adult organs/tissues ranges from low to undetected. Expression at high levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: larval salivary gland, adult male accessory gland. Expression at moderate levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult eye, larval/adult central nervous system, adult crop, larval hindgut, larval/adult Malpighian tubules, adult heart, larval fat body, adult salivary gland, larval trachea, adult female reproductive system, larval carcass. [download data (TSV)] Guide to FlyAtlas expression level colors   No expression (0 - 9.999)   Low expression (10 - 99.999)   Moderate expression (100 - 499.999)   High level expression (500 - 999.999)   Very high expression (1000 - 25000) Heatmap Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System no informative data Larval Midgut no informative data Larval Hindgut no informative data Larval Malpighian Tubules no informative data Larval Fat Body no informative data Larval Salivary Gland no informative data Larval Trachea no informative data Larval Carcass no informative data Adult Head no informative data Adult Eye no informative data Adult Brain no informative data Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion no informative data Adult Crop no informative data Adult Midgut no informative data Adult Hindgut no informative data Adult Malpighian Tubules no informative data Adult Fat Body no informative data Adult Salivary Gland no informative data Adult Heart no informative data Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca no informative data Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca no informative data Adult Ovary no informative data Adult Testis no informative data Adult Male Accessory Gland no informative data Adult Carcass no informative data modENCODE Temporal Expression Data (Graveley et al., 2011) FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data (Chintapalli et al., 2007)
Expression Clusters
	A cluster of genes with similar mRNA expression dynamics across development. (The modENCODE Consortium, 2010) mE2_34_mRNA_expression_cluster_17
External Data & Images
Linkouts	FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies • FBgn0002781 FlyExpress - Embryonic expression images (BDGP data) • Show all FlyExpress processed images for mod(mdg4) Stages(s) 1-3 Stages(s) 4-6 Stages(s) 7-8 Stages(s) 9-10 Stages(s) 11-12
Alleles & Phenotypes
Summary of Allele Phenotypes
Lethality Allele lethal mod(mdg4)02 mod(mdg4)03 mod(mdg4)20 mod(mdg4)117 mod(mdg4)142Δ10 mod(mdg4)142Δ15 mod(mdg4)142Δ29 mod(mdg4)142Δ32 mod(mdg4)142Δ33 mod(mdg4)142Δ49 mod(mdg4)269 mod(mdg4)324 mod(mdg4)340 mod(mdg4)T16 lethal, with Scer\GAL429BD mod(mdg4)GS3097 lethal, with Scer\GAL4c355 mod(mdg4)GS3097 lethal (with mod(mdg4)02) mod(mdg4)07 mod(mdg4)neo129 mod(mdg4)R32 lethal (with mod(mdg4)07) mod(mdg4)02 mod(mdg4)neo129 lethal (with mod(mdg4)neo129) mod(mdg4)02 mod(mdg4)07 lethal (with mod(mdg4)R32) mod(mdg4)02 lethal | cold sensitive mod(mdg4)neo129 lethal | embryonic stage | recessive mod(mdg4)07 mod(mdg4)T6 mod(mdg4)unspecified lethal | larval stage | polyphasic | recessive mod(mdg4)03852 mod(mdg4)L3101 mod(mdg4)neo129 lethal | larval stage | recessive mod(mdg4)02 mod(mdg4)bpdEX1 lethal | polyphasic | recessive mod(mdg4)03852 lethal | pupal stage (with mod(mdg4)neo129) mod(mdg4)T16 lethal | pupal stage (with mod(mdg4)T16) mod(mdg4)neo129 lethal | pupal stage | recessive mod(mdg4)neo129 lethal | pupal stage | recessive | heat sensitive mod(mdg4)neo129 lethal | recessive mod(mdg4)02 mod(mdg4)03 mod(mdg4)04 mod(mdg4)06 mod(mdg4)07 mod(mdg4)16 mod(mdg4)03852 mod(mdg4)04143 mod(mdg4)07038 mod(mdg4)j2B7 mod(mdg4)L3101 mod(mdg4)neo129 mod(mdg4)R32 semi-lethal mod(mdg4)B2 mod(mdg4)eGp4 mod(mdg4)neo129 semi-lethal, with Scer\GAL4hs.2sev mod(mdg4)GS3097 semi-lethal (with mod(mdg4)02) mod(mdg4)03 semi-lethal (with mod(mdg4)03) mod(mdg4)02 mod(mdg4)06 mod(mdg4)07 mod(mdg4)neo129 mod(mdg4)R32 semi-lethal (with mod(mdg4)04) mod(mdg4)06 semi-lethal (with mod(mdg4)06) mod(mdg4)03 mod(mdg4)04 semi-lethal (with mod(mdg4)07) mod(mdg4)03 semi-lethal (with mod(mdg4)neo129) mod(mdg4)03 semi-lethal (with mod(mdg4)R32) mod(mdg4)03 viable mod(mdg4)05 mod(mdg4)bpd1 mod(mdg4)CA07012 mod(mdg4)T6 mod(mdg4)ul mod(mdg4)Z3-3298 mod(mdg4)Z3-3401 mod(mdg4)Z3-5578 Sterility Allele female fertile (with Df(3R)GC14) mod(mdg4)T6 mod(mdg4)Z3-3298 mod(mdg4)Z3-5578 female sterile mod(mdg4)03852 mod(mdg4)neo129 female sterile (with Df(3R)GC14) mod(mdg4)Z3-3401 female sterile (with mod(mdg4)02) mod(mdg4)03 female sterile (with mod(mdg4)03) mod(mdg4)02 mod(mdg4)05 mod(mdg4)06 mod(mdg4)07 mod(mdg4)neo129 mod(mdg4)R32 female sterile (with mod(mdg4)05) mod(mdg4)03 female sterile (with mod(mdg4)06) mod(mdg4)03 female sterile (with mod(mdg4)07) mod(mdg4)03 female sterile (with mod(mdg4)neo129) mod(mdg4)03 female sterile (with mod(mdg4)R32) mod(mdg4)03 male sterile | recessive mod(mdg4)Z3-3298 Other Phenotypes Allele enhancer of variegation, with In(1)wm4 mod(mdg4)unspecified enhancer of variegation, with In(1)wm4h mod(mdg4)unspecified enhancer of variegation, with In(2R)bwVDe2 mod(mdg4)unspecified enhancer of variegation | dominant, with In(1)wm4 mod(mdg4)B2 mod(mdg4)neo129 enhancer of variegation | dominant, with P{hsp26-pt-T}39C-42 mod(mdg4)neo129 enhancer of variegation | dominant, with P{hsp26-pt-T}118E-25-5 mod(mdg4)neo129 meiotic cell cycle defective mod(mdg4)Z3-3298 mod(mdg4)Z3-5578 meiotic cell cycle defective | male mod(mdg4)Z3-5578 meiotic cell cycle defective | male (with Df(3R)GC14) mod(mdg4)Z3-3298 mod(mdg4)Z3-5578 meiotic cell cycle defective | male (with mod(mdg4)02) mod(mdg4)Z3-3401 meiotic cell cycle defective | male (with mod(mdg4)03) mod(mdg4)Z3-3401 meiotic cell cycle defective | male (with mod(mdg4)20) mod(mdg4)Z3-3401 meiotic cell cycle defective | male (with mod(mdg4)117) mod(mdg4)Z3-3401 meiotic cell cycle defective | male (with mod(mdg4)142Δ10) mod(mdg4)Z3-3298 mod(mdg4)Z3-3401 mod(mdg4)Z3-5578 meiotic cell cycle defective | male (with mod(mdg4)142Δ15) mod(mdg4)Z3-3401 meiotic cell cycle defective | male (with mod(mdg4)142Δ29) mod(mdg4)Z3-3401 meiotic cell cycle defective | male (with mod(mdg4)142Δ32) mod(mdg4)Z3-3401 meiotic cell cycle defective | male (with mod(mdg4)142Δ33) mod(mdg4)Z3-3298 mod(mdg4)Z3-3401 mod(mdg4)Z3-5578 meiotic cell cycle defective | male (with mod(mdg4)142Δ49) mod(mdg4)Z3-3401 meiotic cell cycle defective | male (with mod(mdg4)269) mod(mdg4)Z3-3401 meiotic cell cycle defective | male (with mod(mdg4)324) mod(mdg4)Z3-3401 meiotic cell cycle defective | male (with mod(mdg4)340) mod(mdg4)Z3-3401 meiotic cell cycle defective | male (with mod(mdg4)B2) mod(mdg4)Z3-3298 mod(mdg4)Z3-5578 meiotic cell cycle defective | male (with mod(mdg4)eGp4) mod(mdg4)Z3-3298 mod(mdg4)Z3-5578 meiotic cell cycle defective | male (with mod(mdg4)neo129) mod(mdg4)Z3-3401 meiotic cell cycle defective | male (with mod(mdg4)T16) mod(mdg4)Z3-3298 mod(mdg4)Z3-3401 mod(mdg4)Z3-5578 meiotic cell cycle defective | male (with mod(mdg4)Z3-3298) mod(mdg4)142Δ10 mod(mdg4)142Δ33 mod(mdg4)B2 mod(mdg4)eGp4 mod(mdg4)T16 mod(mdg4)Z3-5578 meiotic cell cycle defective | male (with mod(mdg4)Z3-3401) mod(mdg4)02 mod(mdg4)03 mod(mdg4)20 mod(mdg4)117 mod(mdg4)142Δ10 mod(mdg4)142Δ15 mod(mdg4)142Δ29 mod(mdg4)142Δ32 mod(mdg4)142Δ33 mod(mdg4)142Δ49 mod(mdg4)269 mod(mdg4)324 mod(mdg4)340 mod(mdg4)neo129 mod(mdg4)T16 meiotic cell cycle defective | male (with mod(mdg4)Z3-5578) mod(mdg4)142Δ10 mod(mdg4)142Δ33 mod(mdg4)B2 mod(mdg4)eGp4 mod(mdg4)T16 mod(mdg4)Z3-3298 meiotic cell cycle defective | male | recessive mod(mdg4)Z3-3401 neuroanatomy defective (with mod(mdg4)bpdEX1) mod(mdg4)bpdEX5 neuroanatomy defective (with mod(mdg4)bpdEX5) mod(mdg4)bpdEX1 neuroanatomy defective | larval stage | recessive mod(mdg4)bpd1 mod(mdg4)bpdEX1 neuroanatomy defective | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4how-24B mod(mdg4)GS3097 non-enhancer of variegation | dominant, with P{hsp26-pt-T}39C-12 mod(mdg4)neo129 non-enhancer of variegation | dominant, with P{hsp26-pt-T}118E-3 mod(mdg4)neo129 non-enhancer of variegation | dominant, with P{hsp26-pt-T}118E-10 mod(mdg4)neo129 non-enhancer of variegation | dominant, with P{hsp26-pt-T}118E-19 mod(mdg4)neo129 non-enhancer of variegation | dominant, with P{hsp26-pt-T}CG231639C-34 mod(mdg4)neo129 non-suppressor of variegation | dominant, with T(2;3)ltX13 mod(mdg4)02 mod(mdg4)neo129 suppressor of variegation | dominant, with In(2L)ltX2 mod(mdg4)02 mod(mdg4)neo129 suppressor of variegation | dominant, with In(2LR)ltG10 mod(mdg4)02 mod(mdg4)neo129 visible, with Scer\GAL4dpp.blk1 mod(mdg4)GS3097 visible, with Scer\GAL4hs.2sev mod(mdg4)GS3097 Phenotype manifest in Allele abdominal segment motor neuron | larval stage mod(mdg4)bpd1 abdominal ventral longitudinal muscle 3 & neuromuscular junction mod(mdg4)bpdEX1 embryo mod(mdg4)unspecified eye, with Scer\GAL4hs.2sev mod(mdg4)GS3097 G2 phase & nuclear chromosome mod(mdg4)Z3-3298 mod(mdg4)Z3-5578 meiosis I & nuclear chromosome mod(mdg4)Z3-3298 mod(mdg4)Z3-5578 motor neuron | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4how-24B mod(mdg4)GS3097 neuromuscular junction & abdominal dorsal acute muscle 1 mod(mdg4)bpd1 neuromuscular junction & abdominal dorsal acute muscle 2 mod(mdg4)bpd1 neuromuscular junction & abdominal dorsal acute muscle 3 mod(mdg4)bpd1 neuromuscular junction & abdominal dorsal oblique muscle 4 mod(mdg4)bpd1 neuromuscular junction & abdominal dorsal oblique muscle 5 mod(mdg4)bpd1 neuromuscular junction & abdominal lateral longitudinal muscle 1 mod(mdg4)bpd1 neuromuscular junction & abdominal ventral acute muscle 3 mod(mdg4)bpd1 neuromuscular junction & abdominal ventral longitudinal muscle 1 mod(mdg4)bpd1 mod(mdg4)bpdEX1 neuromuscular junction & abdominal ventral longitudinal muscle 2 mod(mdg4)bpd1 neuromuscular junction & postsynaptic membrane & larva mod(mdg4)bpdEX1 mod(mdg4)bpdEX5 neuromuscular junction | ectopic mod(mdg4)bpdEX1 neuromuscular junction | larval stage mod(mdg4)bpd1 mod(mdg4)bpdEX1 ovariole mod(mdg4)neo129 ovary mod(mdg4)neo129 terminal filament mod(mdg4)03852 wing, with Scer\GAL4dpp.blk1 mod(mdg4)GS3097
Classical Alleles ( 54 )
For All Classical Alleles Show
Allele of mod(mdg4) Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion mod(mdg4)L3101 P-element activity 2 Yes mod(mdg4)03852 P-element activity 1 Yes mod(mdg4)5-HA-1224 1 -- mod(mdg4)CB-6686-3 1 -- mod(mdg4)DG04710 P-element activity 1 -- mod(mdg4)e04064 piggyBac transposase 1 -- mod(mdg4)G16853 P-element activity 1 -- mod(mdg4)GS3097 Delta2-3 1 Yes mod(mdg4)KG08515 P-element activity 1 -- mod(mdg4)NP3577 1 -- mod(mdg4)NP6702 1 -- mod(mdg4)T6 amorphic allele - genetic evidence ethyl methanesulfonate 0 Yes mod(mdg4)02 loss of function allele spontaneous 0 Yes mod(mdg4)03 hypomorphic allele - genetic evidence P-element activity 0 Yes mod(mdg4)04143 P-element activity 0 -- mod(mdg4)04 loss of function allele spontaneous 0 -- mod(mdg4)05 hypomorphic allele - genetic evidence P-element activity 0 -- mod(mdg4)06 loss of function allele ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- mod(mdg4)07038 P-element activity 0 -- mod(mdg4)07 loss of function allele ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- mod(mdg4)117 0 -- mod(mdg4)142 P-element activity 0 Yes mod(mdg4)142Δ10 0 Yes mod(mdg4)142Δ15 loss of function allele 0 Yes mod(mdg4)142Δ29 0 Yes mod(mdg4)142Δ32 0 Yes mod(mdg4)142Δ33 0 Yes mod(mdg4)142Δ49 0 Yes mod(mdg4)16 loss of function allele ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- mod(mdg4)2#9 0 -- mod(mdg4)20 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- mod(mdg4)269 0 -- mod(mdg4)324 0 Yes mod(mdg4)340 0 Yes mod(mdg4)B2 P-element activity 0 Yes mod(mdg4)bpd1 P-element activity 0 Yes mod(mdg4)bpdEX1 hypomorphic allele - genetic evidence Delta2-3 0 Yes mod(mdg4)bpdEX57 Delta2-3 0 Yes mod(mdg4)bpdEX5 Delta2-3 0 Yes mod(mdg4)bpdR12 Delta2-3 0 Yes mod(mdg4)bpdR13 Delta2-3 0 Yes mod(mdg4)CA07012 P-element activity 0 Yes mod(mdg4)eGp4 0 Yes mod(mdg4)j2B7 P-element activity 0 -- mod(mdg4)L6202 P-element activity 0 -- mod(mdg4)neo129 loss of function allele P-element activity Delta2-3 0 Yes mod(mdg4)R32 loss of function allele P-element activity 0 -- mod(mdg4)T16 0 -- mod(mdg4)u2 hypomorphic allele - genetic evidence spontaneous 0 Yes mod(mdg4)ul loss of function allele, hypomorphic allele - genetic evidence Stalker-hybrid dysgenesis 0 Yes mod(mdg4)unspecified 0 -- mod(mdg4)Z3-3298 loss of function allele ethyl methanesulfonate 0 Yes mod(mdg4)Z3-3401 hypomorphic allele - genetic evidence ethyl methanesulfonate 0 Yes mod(mdg4)Z3-5578 loss of function allele ethyl methanesulfonate 0 Yes
Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs ( 13 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Allele of mod(mdg4) Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion mod(mdg4)GD16547 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 1 Yes mod(mdg4)HMS00795 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 1 Yes mod(mdg4)HMS00849 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 1 Yes mod(mdg4)+t7.5 in vitro construct - genomic fragment 0 Yes mod(mdg4)351 in vitro construct 0 Yes mod(mdg4)53.1.55.1.Scer\UAS.T:Avic\GFP-EGFP,T:Zzzz\FLAG in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - coding region fusion 0 Yes mod(mdg4)55.1.53.1.Scer\UAS.T:Avic\GFP-EGFP,T:Zzzz\FLAG in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - coding region fusion 0 Yes mod(mdg4)Act5C.L112Q in vitro construct - site directed mutagenesis 0 Yes mod(mdg4)MNM.hs.T:Avic\GFP-EGFP in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - coding region fusion 0 Yes mod(mdg4)Scer\UAS.cGa in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes mod(mdg4)Scer\UAS.P\T.cMa in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes mod(mdg4)t7.5 in vitro construct - genomic fragment 0 Yes mod(mdg4)ΔQ.Scer\UAS in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes
Aneuploid Aberrations
Disrupted in	Df(3R)e-BS2 (Gorczyca et al., 1999, Spradling et al., 1999, BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999) Df(3R)e-Gp4 (Gerasimova et al., 1995) Df(3R)e-N19 (Spradling et al., 1999, BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999) Df(3R)e-R1 (BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999) Df(3R)EX5 (Gorczyca et al., 1999) Df(3R)GC14 (Gerasimova et al., 1995, Georgiev and Kozycina, 1996) Df(3R)mod(mdg4)B2 (Gerasimova et al., 1995) Df(3R)mod(mdg4)bpdEX57 (Gorczyca et al., 1999)
Not disrupted in	Df(3R)e-R1 (Spradling et al., 1999)
Transgenic Constructs & Insertions
Transgenic Constructs
	Type of construct Name Expression data heat-shock construct P{hs-mod(mdg4).MNM.GFP} NA UAS construct P{GD16547} NA P{TRiP.HMS00795} NA P{TRiP.HMS00849} NA P{UAS-53.1-tag1-tag2-55.1} NA P{UAS-55.1-tag1-tag2-53.1} NA P{UASp-mod(mdg4).M} NA characterization construct P{mod(mdg4)::su(Hw).G} NA P{mod(mdg4).7.5} NA P{mod(mdg4)t7.5} NA
Insertions
	Type of insertions Name Expression data insertion of enhancer trap P{lacW}mod(mdg4)bpd1 No P{lacW}mod(mdg4)j2B7 No P{lacW}mod(mdg4)L3101 No P{lacW}mod(mdg4)L6202 No P{lacW}tin142 No P{PZ}mod(mdg4)03852 No P{PZ}mod(mdg4)04143 No P{PZ}mod(mdg4)07038 No miscellaneous insertions gypsy{}mod(mdg4)02 NA P{}mod(mdg4)03 NA P{hsneo.ry+}mod(mdg4)neo129 NA P{PTT-GA}mod(mdg4)CA07012 NA P{RS3}mod(mdg4)CB-6686-3 NA P{RS5}mod(mdg4)5-HA-1224 NA P{SUPor-P}mod(mdg4)KG08515 NA P{wHy}mod(mdg4)DG04710 NA PBac{RB}mod(mdg4)e04064 NA Stalker{}mod(mdg4)u2 NA Stalker{}mod(mdg4)ul NA insertion of enhancer trap binary system P{GawB}mod(mdg4)NP3577 No P{GawB}mod(mdg4)NP6702 No insertion of mobile activating element P{EP}mod(mdg4)G16853 NA P{GSV1}GSd484GSd484 NA P{GSV1}mod(mdg4)GS3097 NA
Gene Ontology: Function, Process & Cellular Component ( 18 unique terms )
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence ( 14 terms )
Molecular Function
CV term Evidence References
chromatin binding inferred from mutant phenotype (assigned by UniProtKB) (Gerasimova et al., 1995) protein binding inferred from physical interaction with su(Hw) (assigned by UniProtKB) (Dorn et al., 1993)
Biological Process
CV term Evidence References
germ cell migration inferred from genetic interaction with wun2 AND inferred from mutant phenotype (Read et al., 2000) induction of apoptosis inferred from mutant phenotype (assigned by UniProtKB) (Harvey et al., 1997) male meiosis chromosome segregation inferred from mutant phenotype (Soltani-Bejnood et al., 2007) male meiosis I inferred from mutant phenotype (Soltani-Bejnood et al., 2007) oogenesis inferred from mutant phenotype (Perrimon et al., 1996, Buchner et al., 2000) regulation of apoptosis inferred from mutant phenotype (assigned by UniProtKB) (Harvey et al., 1997) regulation of chromatin assembly or disassembly inferred from mutant phenotype (assigned by UniProtKB) (Gerasimova et al., 1995)
Cellular Component
CV term Evidence References
chromatin inferred from mutant phenotype (assigned by UniProtKB) (Gerasimova et al., 1995) colocalizes_with condensed nuclear chromosome inferred from direct assay (Thomas et al., 2005) colocalizes_with nucleolus inferred from direct assay (Thomas et al., 2005) nucleus inferred from direct assay (Buchner et al., 2000) polytene chromosome inferred from direct assay (Buchner et al., 2000, Golovnin et al., 2008)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions ( 6 terms )
Molecular Function
CV term Evidence References
phosphatidate phosphatase activity inferred from sequence or structural similarity (Read et al., 2000)
Biological Process
CV term Evidence References
chromatin organization non-traceable author statement (Soltani-Bejnood et al., 2003) induction of apoptosis traceable author statement (Pirrotta, 2002) nucleus organization traceable author statement (Pirrotta, 2002)
Cellular Component
CV term Evidence References
nucleus non-traceable author statement (Gerasimova, 1995.7.5, Pirrotta, 2002) plasma membrane inferred from sequence or structural similarity (Read et al., 2000)
Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene
	gene_with_trans_spliced_transcript (Labrador et al., 2001, Dorn et al., 2001, ) nuclear_gene   protein_coding_gene
Interactions & Pathways
Summary of Physical Interactions
Protein-protein
Interacting group Assay References
Summary of Genetic Interactions
Interacts with	Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions mod(mdg4) allele Gene References mod(mdg4)02 trx (Buchner et al., 2000) mod(mdg4)03 trx (Buchner et al., 2000) mod(mdg4)04 trx (Buchner et al., 2000) mod(mdg4)05 trx (Buchner et al., 2000) mod(mdg4)03852 CycE (Brumby et al., 2002) mod(mdg4)L3101 CycE (Brumby et al., 2002) mod(mdg4)neo129 E(var)3-4 (Buchner et al., 2000) mod(mdg4)T6 trx (Gerasimova and Corces, 1998) y (Mongelard et al., 2002) mod(mdg4)T16 Trl (Gerasimova and Corces, 1998) trx (Gerasimova and Corces, 1998) mod(mdg4)ul Bx (Georgiev and Gerasimova, 1989) ct (Georgiev and Gerasimova, 1989) lawc (Zorin et al., 1999) lz (Georgiev and Gerasimova, 1989) sc (Golovnin et al., 1999) su(Hw) (Georgiev and Kozycina, 1996) Su(mg)1-1 (Bezborodova et al., 1997) Su(mg)1-2 (Bezborodova et al., 1997) Su(mg)1-3 (Bezborodova et al., 1997) Su(mg)1-4 (Bezborodova et al., 1997) Su(mg)1-6 (Bezborodova et al., 1997) Su(mg)1-7 (Bezborodova et al., 1997) Su(mg)1-8 (Bezborodova et al., 1997) Su(mg)1-9 (Bezborodova et al., 1997) Su(mg)2-1 (Bezborodova et al., 1997) Su(mg)2-2 (Bezborodova et al., 1997) Su(mg)2-3 (Bezborodova et al., 1997) Su(mg)2-4 (Bezborodova et al., 1997) Su(mg)2-5 (Bezborodova et al., 1997) Su(mg)2-6 (Bezborodova et al., 1997) Su(mg)2-7 (Bezborodova et al., 1997) Su(mg)3-1 (Bezborodova et al., 1997) Su(mg)3-2 (Bezborodova et al., 1997) Su(mg)3-3 (Bezborodova et al., 1997) Su(mg)3-4 (Bezborodova et al., 1997) Su(mg)3-5 (Bezborodova et al., 1997) Trl (Gerasimova and Corces, 1998) trx (Gerasimova and Corces, 1998) y (Georgiev and Gerasimova, 1989, Georgiev and Corces, 1995, Gerasimova et al., 1995, Gdula and Corces, 1997, Cai and Levine, 1997, Bezborodova et al., 1997, Gerasimova and Corces, 1998, Zorin et al., 1999, Mongelard et al., 2002) mod(mdg4)unspecified sc (Golovnin et al., 1999) unspecified Cp190 (Pai et al., 2004) gypsy\su(Hw)BR (Golovnin et al., 1999) su(Hw) (Gdula and Corces, 1997) trx (Buchner et al., 2000) vtd (Buchner et al., 2000)
External Data
Linkouts	BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions • 72097 DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions. • FBgn0002781 InterologFinder Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets. • 49228
Orthologs
Genome-wide drosophilid orthologs	Dana\GF18944 Dere\GG14539 Dgri\GH18751 Dmoj\GI10821 Dper\GL27151 Dpse\GA16945 Dsec\GM11009 Dsim\GD19979 Dvir\mod(mdg4) Dwil\GK12763 Dyak\GE24979
Curated drosophilid orthologs	Dpse\GA16945   Dpse\mod(mdg4) (Krauss and Dorn, 2004) Dvir\mod(mdg4)   Dyak\mod(mdg4)
Linkouts	InParanoid A subset of ortholog calls from InParanoid. • AAEL010576-PD Aedes aegypti (mosquito) AGAP003439-PA Anopheles gambiae (mosquito) CPIJ001652 Culex pipens (mosquito) ENSCPOP00000007843 Cavia porcellus (guinea pig) ENSPTRP00000031473 Pan troglodytes (chimpanzee) XP_970837.2 Tribolium castaneum (red flour beetle) OrthoDB (Arthropod subset) The hierarchical catalog of eukaryotic orthologs. • FBgn0242073 FBgn0214772 FBgn0069459 FBgn0191462 FBgn0165954 FBgn0076959 FBgn0164732 FBgn0133584 FBgn0126218 FBgn0106797 FBgn0095956 CPIJ001652 BGIBMGA006426 BGIBMGA006356 BGIBMGA002080 AGAP003439 AAEL010576 PHUM132190 PHUM564760 GLEAN_11439 GLEAN_05851
Stocks & Reagents
Stocks Listed in FlyBase ( 15 )
Bloomington	32995 y1 sc* v1; P{TRiP.HMS00795}attP2 33907 y1 sc* v1; P{TRiP.HMS00849}attP2 32028 w1118; P{EP}mod(mdg4)G16853/TM6C, Sb1 10312 y1 w1118; P{lacW}mod(mdg4)L3101/TM3, Ser1 11612 ry506 P{PZ}mod(mdg4)03852/TM3, ryRK Sb1 Ser1 20394 y1 w67c23; P{wHy}mod(mdg4)DG04710/TM3, Sb1 Ser1
Harvard	- PBac{RB}mod(mdg4)e04064
Kyoto	124182 w1118; P{RS3}mod(mdg4)CB-6686-3 125151 w1118; P{RS5}mod(mdg4)5-HA-1224 114037 y* w*; P{GawB}mod(mdg4)NP6702 104546 w*; P{GawB}mod(mdg4)NP3577 / TM6, Sb1 Tb1
VDRC	v52268 w1118 P{GD16547}v52268
	More stocks available...
Genomic Clones ( 2 )
	BACR06L13 BACR34E13 Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete
cDNA Clones ( 507 )
	Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see GBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.
cDNA Clones, Fully Sequenced
BDGP DGC clones	IP17341 IP17441 LD27582 SD03001
Other clones	IP18075 IP18275 IP18375 MIP06802
cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
BDGP DGC clones	GH06551 GH07146 GH23196 GM02393 GM03936 GM04272 GM05090 GM07669 GM09078 GM10876 GM14508 GM16844 GM17686 GM23870 GM28976 HL01887 HL03962 LD01047 LD01177 LD01222 LD01233 LD02214 LD03130 LD03519 LD04169 LD04434 LD04456 LD04536 LD05075 LD05101 LD05404 LD05658 LD06071 LD06153 LD06818 LD06867 LD06927 LD08429 LD08630 LD08643 LD08759 LD09968 LD10268 LD10728 LD10819 LD11169 LD11416 LD11820 LD12424 LD12973 LD13029 LD14905 LD16129 LD16688 LD16950 LD17065 LD17639 LD17794 LD18223 LD18406 LD18555 LD18844 LD19277 LD20258 LD20940 LD21004 LD21063 LD21158 LD22278 LD22656 LD23390 LD24342 LD24918 LD25257 LD25735 LD27534 LD28075 LD28281 LD28409 LD29307 LD29562 LD30180 LD30489 LD32584 LD32610 LD32809 LD33209 LD34302 LD35317 LD35509 LD35678 LD35720 LD36182 LD36191 LD36776 LD37121 LD37885 LD38589 LD38825 LD38951 LD39341 LD40793 LD40909 LD42217 LD42465 LD43233 LD44520 LD44549 LD45737 LD46112 LD47503 LD47608 LD47729 LP02475 LP04021 LP09419 RE02554 RE28038 RE28451 RE59449 RE62496 RH56657 SD02890 SD03532 SD04891 SD05217 SD05425 SD07342 SD07748 SD08816 SD08817 SD08878 SD09292 SD09496 SD09877 SD13061 SD15143 SD17680 SD17734 SD17964 SD19079 SD19411 SD20773 SD21891 SD22423 SD22695 SD23527 SD24501 SD25937 SD26174 SD27104
Other clones	9907 10937 12165 30174 33835 40025 44884 53489 56167 58243 63053 66004 70433 74434 74863 83507 98967 100902 102841 108337 109340 117487 119100 123192 148593 158068 158327 160497 163175 174632 190191 190953 191046 193268 214245.1 214247.1 214379.57 214499.1 214535.2 272516 272600 274009 287748 288159 CK01.12B.F11 CK01.28D.B8 CK01.40A.A12 CK01.49B.E8 CK01.57D.H1 CK01.64B.H3 CK01.82D.C4 CK01.120C.B6 CK01.131A.B4 CK01.145A.F11 Dmel_dig_005935_0644_3681 Dmel_dig_006842_0582_2049 Dmel_dig_013621_0666_0791 Dmel_dig_014782_0652_1807 Dmel_neb_010830_0396_3749 Dmel_neb_014391_0380_1820 Dmel_neb_016061_0950_2806 Dmel_neb_016617_0834_1499 EC051011 EC052331 EC254967 EC259838 EK016125 EK041452 EK052223 EK056103 EK065030 EK066142 EK091930 EK095806 EK113216 EK119322 EK138645 EK141301 EK151807 EK160625 EK162309 EK166211 EK167717 EK171032 EK179523 EK198123 EK210606 EK217652 EK223447 EK224750 EK236557 EK260921 EK261107 EK263333 EK267213 EK291836 EK292426 EK293245 EK293555 EK296034 EK301031 EN02645 EP06717 EP07917 EP10455 EP11947 EP14936 EP19009 FGC017A10 FGM101F07 GH07820 GH14987 GH15691 GH18494 GH18916 GH28559 IP04123 IP04223 IP04441 IP04818 IP06861 IP06961 IP07061 IP07161 IP13342 IP15638 IP15938 IP17241 IP17541 LD01241 LD01948 LD02328 LD02736 LD02838 LD02921 LD03344 LD04772 LD09493 LD10570 LD12511 LD14477 LD15612 LD16847 LD18316 LD18370 LD21115 LD21283 LD21445 LD21882 LD22839 LD23432 LD23558 LD23863 LD24319 LD25039 LD25610 LD25685 LD26171 LD27831 LD27860 LD28211 LD28379 LD29601 LD29839 LD31994 LD32092 LD32241 LD33291 LD33523 LD34838 LD35360 LD35558 LD36012 LD36713 LD36841 LD36871 LD37254 LD37663 LD38380 LD39740 LD40322 LD40870 LD41888 LD41893 LD42814 LD43295 LD43422 LD44890 LD45062 LD46033 LD47183 LD47195 LD47506 LP13330 LP14512 LP16066 RE02679 RE03089 RE05666 RE07574 RE08202 RE08748 RE10023 RE10470 RE10564 RE11162 RE11559 RE12449 RE12647 RE13047 RE13477 RE14955 RE15147 RE15956 RE16461 RE16718 RE16931 RE18954 RE19118 RE19432 RE21059 RE23655 RE23894 RE25584 RE25602 RE26250 RE27550 RE29685 RE30461 RE31738 RE31980 RE32074 RE34674 RE34781 RE36125 RE36752 RE37628 RE39142 RE41288 RE43056 RE43228 RE45191 RE45269 RE45907 RE46592 RE47828 RE49790 RE51501 RE51833 RE52022 RE52203 RE53331 RE53620 RE53983 RE54067 RE54170 RE54211 RE54669 RE55810 RE56067 RE56529 RE58107 RE58260 RE58772 RE58925 RE58949 RE60087 RE61471 RE61504 RE61908 RE62620 RE63956 RE64769 RE66724 RE67356 RE68463 RE68526 RE69637 RE71258 RE71581 RE72138 RE73320 RE73971 RE74479 RE74722 RE74791 RE74850 RH01886 RH02010 RH02087 RH02127 RH02458 RH09517 RH22164 RH22759 RH22917 RH24573 RH27142 RH27348 RH33532 RH37777 RH38634 RH44982 RH45154 RH45431 RH51982 RH53910 RH56845 RH58354 RH58369 RH60982 RH63932 RH64591 RH65811 RH67787 RH69895 RP004066891 RP004121149 RP004174707 RP004185511 RP004202789 RP004203801 RP004211821 RP004219216 RP004220247 RP004225430 RP004226095 RP004234774 RP004249705 RP004254994 RP004256973 RP004263314 RP004263764 RP004339030 RP004342242 RP004345089 RP004375469 RP004402749 RP004410277 RP004441347 RP004452751 RP004452754 RP004489863 RP004501752 RP004506145 RP004508984 RP004516620 UUGC0601
RNAi & Array Information
Linkouts	DRSC - Results from RNAi screens. • FBgn0002781 GenomeRNAi - GenomeRNAi – A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents • 49228
Antibody Information
	polyclonal (Dorn et al., 1993, Golovnin et al., 2007, Wallace et al., 2010)
Other Information
Discoverer
Etymology
Identification
Relationship to Other Genes
Source for database identity of
Source for database merge of	Source for merge of: mod(mdg4) BcDNA:GH07769 (Rana, 2004.7.2) Source for merge of: mod(mdg4) BcDNA:SD03001 (FlyBase, 1996-) Source for merge of: mod(mdg4) CG7859 (FlyBase, 1996-) Source for merge of: mod(mdg4) CG15500 CG15501 CG18151 (FlyBase Genome Annotators, 2002-2003) Source for merge of: mod(mdg4) CG15802 CG7836 CG8076 (Bayraktaroglu, 2000.4.18) Source for merge of: mod(mdg4) l(3)L3101 (Beaton, 1999.12.12)
Additional comments	Genetic and cytological analyses pinpoint one candidate gene for pf-2: modifier of mdg4 mod(mdg4) A complex complementation pattern between pf-2 alleles and mod(mdg4) alleles was observed. (Soltani-Bejnood et al., 2003) Annotations CG15500, CG15501, CG15802, CG18151, CG7836 and CG7859 merged as CG32491 in release 3 of the genome annotation. (FlyBase Genome Annotators, 2002-2003) Source for merge of mod(mdg4) BcDNA:SD03001 was a shared cDNA (date:030728). (FlyBase, 1996-) Source for merge of mod(mdg4) CG7859 was sequence comparison (date:021121). (FlyBase, 1996-)
Other Comments
	DNA-protein interactions: genome-wide binding profile assayed for mod(mdg4) protein in 0-12 hr embryos. Individual protein-binding experiments listed under "Samples" at GEO: 16245 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSE16245). (Nègre et al., 2010) mod(mdg4) proteins can be modified by smt3. (Capelson and Corces, 2006) The Hrp59 protein binds preferentially to a subset of mRNAs, including mod(mdg4) mRNA. (Kiesler et al., 2005) mod(mdg4) has a role in the maintenance of homologous chromosome pairing in meiosis. (Thomas et al., 2005) Interallelic complementation in the mod(mdg4) gene is a consequence of trans-splicing between two different mutant transcripts, ensuring wild type levels of functional gene product. (Mongelard et al., 2002) Transgene analysis proves mRNA trans-splicing at the mod(mdg4) locus. (Dorn et al., 2001) The principal 2.2kb transcript of the mod(mdg4) locus appears to be composed of sequences derived from different DNA strands; exons I to IV are derived from one strand, and exons V and VI are derived from sequences on the complementary strand. The genomic organisation of the mod(mdg4) locus suggests that two RNA precursors are transcribed to yield the 2.2kb transcript; a "class I" precursor ("doom") which contains mod(mdg4) exons I to IV (plus another downstream exon), and a "class II" precursor containing mod(mdg4) exons V to VI (this class II precursor is transcribed from the complementary strand to the class I precursor). Trans splicing of the two RNA precursors could produce the 2.2kb transcript (a programmed genomic rearrangement to bring all the coding sequences to the same DNA strand has been ruled out using Southern-blot analysis. It is also possible that a switch to a different template by RNA polymerase II could produce the 2.2kb transcript, although this has never been described. In addition, recombination between precursor RNA molecules could produce the 2.2kb transcript, but this has not been reported in eukaryotes). (Labrador et al., 2001) Mutations in the genomic region encoding exons 1-4 show enhancement of PEV and homeotic transformation and affect viability and fertility. mod(mdg4) not only interacts with trx group genes in transcriptional regulation of homeotic genes but also in gene silencing caused by PEV. (Buchner et al., 2000) The molecular and genetic complexity of mod(mdg4) is underlaid by a large set of individual protein isoforms with specific functions in regulating the chromatin structure of different sets of genes throughout development. In direction of increasing cytology: mod(mdg4)- tin+ (Buchner et al., 2000) A regulatory mutation in mod(mdg4) results in abnormal synapse specificity and synapse morphology. (Gorczyca et al., 1999) A stripe expression assay in which the gypsy\su(Hw)BR is inserted between defined enhancers and placed among divergently transcribed reporter genes (w and Ecol\lacZ) containing distinct core promoter sequences has been used to analysed the role of mod(mdg4) in gypsy\su(Hw)BR activity. mod(mdg4) is essential for the enhancer blocking activity of the gypsy\su(Hw)BR. In addition, reductions in mod(mdg4)+ activity cause the gypsy\su(Hw)BR to function as a promoter-specific enhancer that selectively represses w but not the closely linked Ecol\lacZ gene, suggesting that the gypsy\su(Hw)BR does not propagate changes in chromatin structure. (Cai and Levine, 1997) Two acidic domains of su(Hw) that are dispensable for the unidirectional repression of enhancer elements are critical for the bidirectional silencing of enhancer activity observed in mutants lacking functional mod(mdg4) protein. (Gdula and Corces, 1997) "doom", an alternative splice product of the mod(mdg4) gene, induces apoptosis and forms a complex with baculovirus inhibitor-of-apoptosis proteins in S.frugiperda cells. (Harvey et al., 1997) Identification: Direct physical interaction with several baculovirus Inhibitors of Apoptosis (IAPs). (Reichman-Fried et al., 1997) mod(mdg4) protein induces rapid apoptosis in insect cells. The carboxy terminal encoded by the 3' exon is responsible for the induction of apoptosis and the engagement of IAPs. (Reichman-Fried et al., 1997) mod(mdg4) exerts its effect on gypsy-induced mutations only in the presence of a functional su(Hw) protein. Its effect on the y locus depends on the properties and location of the gypsy\su(Hw)BR within y. (Georgiev and Kozycina, 1996) The autosomal "FLP-DFS" technique (using the P{ovoD1-18} P{FRT(whs)} P{hsFLP} chromosomes) has been used to identify the specific maternal effect phenotype for the zygotic lethal mutation. mod(mdg4) is required for germ cell viability or early oogenesis. (Perrimon et al., 1996) The repressive effect of su(Hw) on y2 expression is limited to the chromosome in which the su(Hw) binding sites in gypsy are present. The negative effect of the su(Hw) protein can be transmitted to the gene present on the other homologous paired chromosome in the presence of mod(mdg4) mutations. They allow the su(Hw) protein to act in trans and inhibit the action of the y enhancers located in the homologous chromosome on the promoter of their gene. (Georgiev and Corces, 1995) Sequence comparison indicates that mod(mdg4) and E(var)93D are the same gene. (Gerasimova et al., 1995) Enhancement of the y phenotype of gypsy-induced alleles by mutations in mod(mdg4) requires an intact su(Hw)-binding region and the su(Hw) protein itself. (Gerasimova et al., 1995) Genetic and molecular data suggests that the gene products of the mod(mdg4) locus are generally involved in establishing and/or maintaining an open chromatin conformation. mod(mdg4) is a position regulator of the bithorax complex. (Dorn et al., 1993) Interactions between mod(mdg4) and su(Hw) mutations have been studied by their effect on the phenotypic expression of mutations induced by insertion of a gypsy element. (Georgiev and Kozycina, 1993) The effects of su(Hw) and mod(mdg4) on a set of y alleles derived in a super-unstable system has been assessed: results suggests that the same regulatory protein may influence gene expression in opposite directions. (Georgiev et al., 1992) One mutation in mod(mdg4) is due to insertion of a Stalker element. (Georgiev et al., 1990) mod(mdg4) seems to be involved in the control of gypsy element expression. (Georgiev and Gerasimova, 1989)
External Crossreferences & Linkouts
Sequence Crossreferences
	RefSeq (Transcripts) • NM_080197 NM_163877 NM_163878 NM_163879 NM_163880 NM_163881 NM_163882 NM_163883 NM_163884 NM_163885 NM_163886 NM_163887 NM_163888 NM_163889 NM_163890 NM_163891 NM_163892 NM_163893 NM_163894 NM_176521 NM_176522 NM_176523 NM_176524 NM_176525 NM_176526 NM_176527 NM_001104386 NM_001104387 NM_001104388 RefSeq (Proteins) • NP_524936 NP_732619 NP_732620 NP_732621 NP_732622 NP_732623 NP_732624 NP_732625 NP_732626 NP_732627 NP_732628 NP_732629 NP_732630 NP_732631 NP_732632 NP_732633 NP_732634 NP_732635 NP_732636 NP_788698 NP_788699 NP_788700 NP_788701 NP_788702 NP_788703 NP_788704 NP_001097856 NP_001097857 NP_001097858 DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank • AA263675 AAA82988 AAA82989 AAA82990 AAC17459 AAF55882 AAF55883 AAF55884 AAF55885 AAF55888 AAL29128 AAL33873 AAL33874 AAL33875 AAM50612 AAN13862 AAN13863 AAN13864 AAN13865 AAN13866 AAN13867 AAN13868 AAN13869 AAN13870 AAN13871 AAN13872 AAN13873 AAN13874 AAN13875 AAO39487 AAO39583 AAO41580 AAO41581 AAO41582 AAO41583 AAO41584 AAO41585 AAO41586 ABW08718 ABW08719 ABW08720 AF214648 AF214649 AF214650 AI108579 AI531748 AJ249785 AJ277174 AJ277175 AJ277176 AJ277177 AJ277178 AJ277179 AJ277180 AJ277181 AJ277182 AJ277183 AJ277184 AJ277185 AJ277186 AJ277187 AJ277188 AJ277189 AJ277190 AJ277191 AJ277192 AJ277193 AJ277194 AJ320161 AJ320162 AJ320163 AJ320164 AJ320165 AJ586731 AJ586732 AJ586733 AJ586734 AJ586735 AJ586736 AQ026251 AQ073338 AW942765 AW944278 AY061580 AY118752 BT003484 BT003579 BZ665625 CAA53215 CAA53216 CAB85469 CAB85470 CAB85471 CAB85472 CAB85473 CAB85474 CAB85475 CAB85476 CAB85477 CAB85478 CAB85479 CAB85480 CAB85481 CAB85482 CAB85483 CAB85484 CAB85485 CAB85486 CAB85487 CAB85488 CAB85489 CAC51387 CAC51388 CAC51487 CAC51488 CAC51489 CAE52500 CAE52501 CAE52502 CAE52503 CAE52504 CAE52505 CZ481818 G00571 U30905 U30913 U30914 U62802 X75498 X75499 Entrez Gene - A searchable database of RefSeq genes. • 49228 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot • Q86B87 UniProtKB/TrEMBL • Q8MRZ1 Q8MSJ7 Q70BZ0 Q70BZ1 Q70BZ2 Q70BZ3 Q70BZ4 Q70BZ5
Other Crossreferences
	InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites • BTB/POZ-like (IPR000210) Zinc finger, FLYWCH-type (IPR007588) BTB/POZ (IPR013069) BTB/POZ fold (IPR011333)
Linkouts
	BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions • 72097 DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions. • FBgn0002781 DRSC - Results from RNAi screens. • FBgn0002781 FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies • FBgn0002781 FlyMine - Integrated genomics database for Drosophila, Anopheles, and C.elegans • FBgn0002781 GenomeRNAi - GenomeRNAi – A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents • 49228 InParanoid A subset of ortholog calls from InParanoid. • AAEL010576-PD Aedes aegypti (mosquito) AGAP003439-PA Anopheles gambiae (mosquito) CPIJ001652 Culex pipens (mosquito) ENSCPOP00000007843 Cavia porcellus (guinea pig) ENSPTRP00000031473 Pan troglodytes (chimpanzee) XP_970837.2 Tribolium castaneum (red flour beetle) Interactive Fly - A cyberspace guide to Drosophila development and metazoan evolution • /polycomb/modmdg1.htm InterologFinder Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets. • 49228 modMine - Data generated by the modENCODE project. • FBgn0002781 OrthoDB (Arthropod subset) The hierarchical catalog of eukaryotic orthologs. • FBgn0242073 FBgn0214772 FBgn0069459 FBgn0191462 FBgn0165954 FBgn0076959 FBgn0164732 FBgn0133584 FBgn0126218 FBgn0106797 FBgn0095956 CPIJ001652 BGIBMGA006426 BGIBMGA006356 BGIBMGA002080 AGAP003439 AAEL010576 PHUM132190 PHUM564760 GLEAN_11439 GLEAN_05851
Synonyms & Secondary IDs ( 53 )
Reported As
Symbol Synonym	BcDNA:GH07769     BcDNA:SD03001     bpd (Gorczyca et al., 1999, Gorczyca et al., 1999) branch point disrupted (Gorczyca et al., 1999) CG7836 (Mount, 2001.8.14, Mount, 2001.8.14) CG7859     CG8076     CG15500 (Dimova et al., 2003, Dimova et al., 2003) CG15501     CG15802     CG18151     CG32491 (Klebes et al., 2005, An et al., 2008, Ellis and Carney, 2011, Ni et al., 2010.12.1, Klebes et al., 2005, Ni et al., 2010.12.1, Ellis and Carney, 2011, An et al., 2008) doom (Abrams, 1999, Jagla et al., 2001, Miller, 1999, Deveraux and Reed, 1999, Uren et al., 1998, Clem and Duckett, 1997, Harvey et al., 1997, Reichman-Fried et al., 1997, Abrams, 1999, Deveraux and Reed, 1999, Miller, 1999, Reichman-Fried et al., 1997, Clem and Duckett, 1997, Harvey et al., 1997, Jagla et al., 2001, Uren et al., 1998) Doom (LaCasse et al., 1998, Harvey et al., 1997, Harvey et al., 1997, LaCasse et al., 1998) E(var)3-93D (Erhardt et al., 2003, Jagla et al., 2001, Sun et al., 2000, Dorn, 1993.11.4, Sass and Henikoff, 1999, Wallrath, 1998, Sass and Henikoff, 1998, van Lohuizen, 1998, Henikoff, 1996, Buchner et al., 1995, Granok et al., 1995, Orlando and Paro, 1995, Farkas et al., 1994, Dorn et al., 1993, Orlando and Paro, 1995, Wallrath, 1998, Erhardt et al., 2003, Buchner et al., 1995, Jagla et al., 2001, Sass and Henikoff, 1998, van Lohuizen, 1998, Sun et al., 2000, Granok et al., 1995, Sass and Henikoff, 1999, Henikoff, 1996, Dorn, 1993.11.4, Dorn et al., 1993, Farkas et al., 1994) E-(var)3-93D (Dorn, 1993.11.4, Dorn, 1993.11.4) E(var)93D     E(var)129     Enhancer of variegation 93D   E-var(3)1 (Dorn et al., 1993, Dorn et al., 1993) E-var(3)3     l(3)03852     l(3)j2B7     l(3)L3101 (BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999, BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999) mdg4 (An et al., 2008, An et al., 2008) mnm (Thomas and Tomkiel, 2007, Thomas et al., 2005, McKim, 2005, Thomas and McKee, 2007, Thomas and McKee, 2007, McKim, 2005, Thomas and Tomkiel, 2007, Thomas et al., 2005) mnn (Zickler, 2006, Zickler, 2006) mod (Osouda et al., 2005, Osouda et al., 2005) mod2.2     MOD2.2 (Vatolina et al., 2011, Vatolina et al., 2011) mod(gypsy)     mod(mdg4 (Chetverina et al., 2008, Chetverina et al., 2008) mod(mdg4) (Turner et al., 2008, Capelson and Corces, 2005, Thomas and Tomkiel, 2007, Kiesler et al., 2005, Richter et al., 2011, Volkmar et al., 2007, Kobayashi et al., 2006, Gohl et al., 2008, Gause et al., 2001, Buszczak et al., 2007, Blanco et al., 2010, Soltani-Bejnood et al., 2007, Wei and Brennan, 2001, Oliver, 2008, Umemiya et al., 2002, Minidorff et al., 2007, Kravchenko et al., 2005, Bakal et al., 2008, Melnikova et al., 2008, Chetverina et al., 2008, Melnikova et al., 2008, Melnikova et al., 2004, McManus et al., 2010, Lei and Corces, 2006, Moshkin et al., 2009, Labrador and Corces, 2003, Golovnin et al., 2008, Golovnin et al., 2008, Abhiman et al., 2008, Xi et al., 2008, Drysdale, 2003, Ellis and Carney, 2011, Melnikova et al., 2008, Lei and Corces, 2006, Kobayashi et al., 2006, Golovnin et al., 2008, Soltani-Bejnood et al., 2007, Minidorff et al., 2007, Kravchenko et al., 2005, Chetverina et al., 2008, Golovnin et al., 2008, Xi et al., 2008, Oliver, 2008, Blanco et al., 2010, Umemiya et al., 2002, Melnikova et al., 2008, Gohl et al., 2008, Turner et al., 2008, Thomas and Tomkiel, 2007, Capelson and Corces, 2005, Gause et al., 2001, Labrador and Corces, 2003, McManus et al., 2010, Wei and Brennan, 2001, Bakal et al., 2008, Melnikova et al., 2004, Buszczak et al., 2007, Volkmar et al., 2007, Kiesler et al., 2005, Moshkin et al., 2009, Ellis and Carney, 2011, Oliver et al., 2010, van Eyk et al., 2011) Mod(mdg4) (Cohen et al., 2001, Golovnin et al., 2005, Brumby et al., 2002, Dorsett et al., 2002, Clark et al., 2001, Ghosh et al., 2001, Smith et al., 2007, Golovnin et al., 2007, Parnell et al., 2006, Gabut et al., 2007, Nie et al., 2009, Golovnin et al., 2008, Rach et al., 2011, Nègre et al., 2010, Schoborg and Labrador, 2010, Golovnin et al., 2007, Golovnin et al., 2008, Smith et al., 2007, Gabut et al., 2007, Dorsett et al., 2002, Nie et al., 2009, Schoborg and Labrador, 2010, Cohen et al., 2001, Parnell et al., 2006, Nègre et al., 2010, Ghosh et al., 2001, Brumby et al., 2002, Clark et al., 2001, Golovnin et al., 2005) mod(mdg-4) (Henikoff and Comai, 1998, Henikoff and Comai, 1998) MOD(MDG4) (Xu et al., 2004, Xu et al., 2004) Mod(mdg4)2.2 (Pai et al., 2004, Gerasimova et al., 2007, Pai et al., 2004, Gerasimova et al., 2007) MOD(MDG4)56.3 (Thomas and McKee, 2005, Thomas and McKee, 2005) mod(mdg4)67.2 (Geyer and Clark, 2002, Geyer and Clark, 2002) Mod(mdg4)-67.2 (Georgiev et al., 2008, Georgiev et al., 2008) Mod(mdg4)67.2 (Akbari et al., 2009, Akbari et al., 2009, Wallace et al., 2010) mod(mdg4)-67.2 (Golovnin et al., 2008, Golovnin et al., 2008) Mod(mdg)4 (Girard and Freeling, 1999, Capelson and Corces, 2006, Girard and Freeling, 1999, Capelson and Corces, 2006) Mod[mdg4] (Aasland, 1998, Aasland, 1998) mod[mdg4] (Thomas et al., 2005, Thomas et al., 2005) Modifier67.2 (Yazgan et al., 2005) modifier mdg4 (Oki and Kamakaka, 2002) modifier of mdg4 (Pai et al., 2004, Gabut et al., 2007, ) Modifier of mdg4 (Golovnin et al., 2008) Modifier of mdg4 67.2 (Yazgan et al., 2005) modifier of mdg4 in meiosis (McKim, 2005, Thomas et al., 2005) modifier of midget4 (Jagla et al., 2001) pf-2 (Villeneuve et al., 2004, Villeneuve et al., 2004)
Name Synonym	branch point disrupted (Gorczyca et al., 1999) Enhancer of variegation 93D   Modifier67.2 (Yazgan et al., 2005) modifier mdg4 (Oki and Kamakaka, 2002) modifier of mdg4 (Pai et al., 2004, Gabut et al., 2007) Modifier of mdg4 (Golovnin et al., 2008) Modifier of mdg4 67.2 (Yazgan et al., 2005) modifier of mdg4 in meiosis (Thomas et al., 2005, McKim, 2005) modifier of midget4 (Jagla et al., 2001)
Secondary FlyBase IDs
	FBgn0010160 FBgn0010321 FBgn0010822 FBgn0011326 FBgn0024544 FBgn0038882 FBgn0038883 FBgn0038884 FBgn0038885 FBgn0040578 FBgn0040579 FBgn0040580 FBgn0046992 FBgn0052491 FBgn0063265
References ( 228 )
Generate a list of	All references relating to this gene ( 228 )
List References by type	Research paper  ( 118 ) Supplementary material  ( 5 ) Review  ( 44 ) Personal communication to FlyBase  ( 12 ) Abstract  ( 34 ) FlyBase analysis  ( 4 ) DNA/RNA sequence record  ( 3 ) Computer file  ( 4 ) Curated genome annotation  ( 2 ) Automatic genome annotation  ( 1 ) Conference report  ( 1 )
Recent research papers ( 12 )
	Ellis and Carney, 2011, Genetics 187(1): 157--169 Socially-Responsive Gene Expression in Male Drosophila melanogaster Is Influenced by the Sex of the Interacting Partner. [FBrf0212780] Rach et al., 2011, PLoS Genet. 7(1): e1001274 Transcription initiation patterns indicate divergent strategies for gene regulation at the chromatin level. [FBrf0214353] Richter et al., 2011, Nat. Cell Biol. 13(9): 1029--1039 The tumour suppressor L(3)mbt inhibits neuroepithelial proliferation and acts on insulator elements. [FBrf0215050] van Eyk et al., 2011, Hum. Mol. Genet. 20(14): 2783--2794 Perturbation of the Akt/Gsk3-{beta} signalling pathway is common to Drosophila expressing expanded untranslated CAG, CUG and AUUCU repeat RNAs. [FBrf0213942] Vatolina et al., 2011, Genetika, Moscow 47(5): 597--609 [Identification and molecular genetic characterization of the polytene chromosome interbands in Drosophila melanogaster]. [FBrf0214456] Vatolina et al., 2011, Russ. J. Genet. 47(5): 521--532 Identification and molecular genetic characterization of the polytene chromosome interbands in Drosophila melanogaster. [FBrf0216692] Blanco et al., 2010, BMC Dev. Biol. 10: 94 Gene expression following induction of regeneration in Drosophila wing imaginal discs. Expression profile of regenerating wing discs. [FBrf0211812] McManus et al., 2010, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 107(29): 12975--12979 Global analysis of trans-splicing in Drosophila. [FBrf0211338] Nègre et al., 2010, PLoS Genet. 6(1): e1000814 A comprehensive map of insulator elements for the Drosophila genome. [FBrf0209760] Oliver et al., 2010, BMC Cell Biol. 11: 101 The chromosomal association/dissociation of the chromatin insulator protein Cp190 of Drosophila melanogaster is mediated by the BTB/POZ domain and two acidic regions. [FBrf0212850] Schoborg and Labrador, 2010, J. Mol. Evol. 70(1): 74--84 The Phylogenetic Distribution of Non-CTCF Insulator Proteins Is Limited to Insects and Reveals that BEAF-32 Is Drosophila Lineage Specific. [FBrf0209931] Wallace et al., 2010, Chromosoma 119(2): 177--194 Chromatin insulators specifically associate with different levels of higher-order chromatin organization in Drosophila. [FBrf0210229] Show all research papers ...
Recent reviews (0)
	All reviews listed in FlyBase were published before 2010 Show reviews ...