FB2025_05 , released December 11, 2025
Gene: Dmel\PolZ1
Open Close
General Information
Symbol
Dmel\PolZ1
Species
D. melanogaster
Name
DNA polymerase zeta subunit 1
Annotation Symbol
CG1925
Feature Type
protein_coding_gene
FlyBase ID
FBgn0002891
Gene Model Status
Current
Stock Availability
8 publicly available
Enzyme Name (EC)
DNA-directed DNA polymerase (2.7.7.7)
Gene Summary
DNA polymerase zeta subunit 1 (PolZ1) encodes a DNA polymerase zeta catalytic subunit. It acts as a translesion polymerase during the bypass of DNA damage and has roles in DNA double-strand break and interstrand crosslink repair. [Date last reviewed: 2019-09-26] (FlyBase Gene Snapshot)
All Summaries
Also Known As

mus205, mutagen-sensitive 205, DNApol-ζ, mus-205, DmREV3

Key Links
Genomic Location
Cytogenetic map
43E17-43E17
Sequence location
Recombination map
2-57
RefSeq locus
NT_033778 REGION:7793625..7801044
Sequence
Get Decorated FASTA
Genomic Maps
Other Genome Views
The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.
NCBI
UCSC
Ensembl
PopFly
Function
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (15 terms)
Molecular Function (6 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (3 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
enables DNA-directed DNA polymerase activity
inferred from direct assay
(Takeuchi et al., 2004)
enables protein binding
inferred from physical interaction with UniProtKB:P27864
(Takeuchi et al., 2006)
NOT enables 3'-5' exonuclease activity
inferred from direct assay
(Takeuchi et al., 2004)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (4 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
enables DNA binding
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR006134
(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)
enables DNA-directed DNA polymerase activity
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000035411
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR006172
(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)
enables nucleic acid binding
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR006172, InterPro:IPR017964, InterPro:IPR036397
(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)
enables nucleotide binding
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR006134, InterPro:IPR006172, InterPro:IPR017964
(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)
Biological Process (7 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (4 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in DNA biosynthetic process
inferred from direct assay
(Takeuchi et al., 2004)
involved_in DNA synthesis involved in DNA repair
inferred from direct assay
(Takeuchi et al., 2006)
involved_in DNA synthesis involved in double-strand break repair via homologous recombination
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Kane et al., 2012)
NOT involved_in error-prone translesion synthesis
inferred from direct assay
(Takeuchi et al., 2004)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (3 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in DNA repair
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR030559
(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)
involved_in double-strand break repair via homologous recombination
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000035411
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
involved_in translesion synthesis
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR030559
(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)
Cellular Component (2 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
part_of zeta DNA polymerase complex
inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:PolZ2; FB:FBgn0037345
(Takeuchi et al., 2004)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
is_active_in nucleus
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000035411
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
part_of zeta DNA polymerase complex
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000035411
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR030559
(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)
Gene Group (FlyBase)
Protein Family (UniProt)
Belongs to the DNA polymerase type-B family. (Q9GSR1)
Protein Signatures (InterPro)
Catalytic Activity (EC/Rhea)
DNA-directed DNA polymerase activity
DNA(n) + a 2'-deoxyribonucleoside 5'-triphosphate = DNA(n+1) + diphosphate (2.7.7.7)
Summaries
Gene Snapshot
DNA polymerase zeta subunit 1 (PolZ1) encodes a DNA polymerase zeta catalytic subunit. It acts as a translesion polymerase during the bypass of DNA damage and has roles in DNA double-strand break and interstrand crosslink repair. [Date last reviewed: 2019-09-26]
Gene Group (FlyBase)
DNA POLYMERASE ZETA -
DNA polymerase zeta is one of several translesion synthesis polymerases that act to promote replication through DNA lesions that would otherwise stall the replicative polymerases. It is a heterotetramer, in which the catalytic subunit is encoded by DNApol-ζ, and is specialized for the extension step of lesion bypass. (Adapted from PMID:30005324.)
DNA POLYMERASE CATALYTIC SUBUNITS -
Multiple DNA polymerases are required for DNA replication and/or repair in eukaryotic cells. The alpha-primase, delta, epsilon, zeta and gamma polymerases exist as multi-subunit complexes in which one of the subunits has catalytic activity, whereas other DNA polymerases act as single molecules. (Adapted from PMID:30005324.)
Protein Function (UniProtKB)
As the catalytic subunit of the DNA polymerase zeta complex, plays a crucial role in translesion DNA synthesis (TLS) and various DNA repair mechanisms (PubMed:11267835, PubMed:15175013, PubMed:16507570, PubMed:22532806). Lacks an intrinsic 3'-5' exonuclease activity and thus has no proofreading function (PubMed:15175013). During homologous recombination (HR) repair, has a overlapping role with the error-prone translesion polymerase eta to initiate repair synthesis which is completed by end joining or another polymerase that can bind and reinitiate synthesis (PubMed:22532806). May participate in the Rrp1-dependent base excision repair (BER) pathway responsible for repair of DNA lesions that gives rise to apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) sites (PubMed:16507570). Unlike mammalian orthologs, it is not an error-prone polymerase (PubMed:15175013).
(UniProt, Q9GSR1)
Phenotypic Description (Red Book; Lindsley and Zimm 1992)
mus205
Larval survival hypersensitive to exposure to methyl methanesulfonate and ultraviolet light, moderately sensitive to benzo[a]pyrene, but not to formaldehyde, nitrogen mustard or ionizing radiation. Partially deficient in excision repair (Boyd and Harris, 1981, Chromosoma 97: 607-23) and postreplication repair (Boyd and Shaw, 1982, Mol. Gen. Genet. 186: 289-94; Brown, and Boyd, 1981, Mol. Gen. Genet. 183: 356-62). Displays hypermutability to alkylating agents; defective both in alkylation and UV excision repair pathways (Smith and Dusenberg, 1988, Mechanisms and Consequences of DNA Damage Processing, Alan R. Liss, Inc., pp. 251-55). Fecundity of homozygous females reduced, although partial rescue effected by fertilization with sperm carrying mus205+. X-chromosome disjunction regular; slight increase in the number of fourth-chromosome exceptions noted.
Gene Model and Products
Number of Transcripts
1
Number of Unique Polypeptides
1

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\PolZ1 for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)
Isoform displayed:
Pfam protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Protein Domains (via SMART)
Isoform displayed:
SMART protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Structure
Protein 3D structure   (Predicted by AlphaFold)   (AlphaFold entry Q9GSR1)

If you don't see a structure in the viewer, refresh your browser.
Model Confidence:
  • Very high (pLDDT > 90)
  • Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
  • Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
  • Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Experimentally Determined Structures
Crossreferences
Comments on Gene Model

Gene model reviewed during 5.49

Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name
FlyBase ID
RefSeq ID
Length (nt)
Assoc. CDS (aa)
PolZ1-RA
FBtr0088831
NM_080142
6750
2130
Additional Transcript Data and Comments
Reported size (kB)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name
FlyBase ID
Predicted MW (kDa)
Length (aa)
Theoretical pI
UniProt
RefSeq ID
GenBank
PolZ1-PA
FBpp0087907
240.1
2130
6.85
Q9GSR1
NP_524881
AAF59191
Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

There is only one protein coding transcript and one polypeptide associated with this gene

Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments
Reported size (kDa)
Comments
External Data
Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)

Catalytic subunit of the zeta DNA polymerase complex, which consists of PolZ1/DNApol-zeta and the accessory component PolZ2/Rev7 (PubMed:15175013, PubMed:16507570). Interacts with the apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) endonuclease Rrp1; the interaction is likely indirect and mediated via PolZ2 (PubMed:16507570).

(UniProt, Q9GSR1)
Crossreferences
InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
Linkouts
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\PolZ1 using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data
Crossreferences
Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
Linkouts
Expression Data
Testis-specificity index

The testis specificity index was calculated from modENCODE tissue expression data by Vedelek et al., 2018 to indicate the degree of testis enrichment compared to other tissues. Scores range from -2.52 (underrepresented) to 5.2 (very high testis bias).

0.05

Transcript Expression
in situ
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
larval stage
wing disc
(Organista et al., 2015)
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Polypeptide Expression
mass spectroscopy
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
day 5 of adulthood | male -- day 7 of adulthood | male
spermatozoon
(Wasbrough et al., 2010)
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Evidence
References
part_of zeta DNA polymerase complex
inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:PolZ2; FB:FBgn0037345
(Takeuchi et al., 2004)
Expression Deduced from Reporters
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools

JBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\PolZ1 in JBrowse
RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region
Bulk Downloads
RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes
Reference
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle
Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis
External Data and Images
Linkouts
DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
Images
FlyBase Wiki
Image Based Resources
Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations
Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 10 )
For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show
 
Other relevant insertions
Transgenic Constructs ( 4 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of PolZ1
Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of PolZ1
Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 5 )
Variants
Variant Molecular Consequences
Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants
Phenotypes
Orthologs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Orthologs
Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Homo sapiens (Human) (5)
Hsap\REV3L
11 of 14
Yes
Yes
Hsap\POLD1
4 of 14
No
No
Hsap\POLA1
2 of 14
No
No
Hsap\NEXMIF
1 of 14
No
Yes
Hsap\POLE
1 of 14
No
No
Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (5)
Rnor\Rev3l
11 of 14
Yes
Yes
Rnor\Pold1
4 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Pola1
2 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Nexmif
1 of 14
No
Yes
Rnor\Pole
1 of 14
No
No
Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (5)
Mmus\Rev3l
11 of 14
Yes
Yes
Mmus\Pold1
3 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Pola1
2 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Nexmif
1 of 14
No
Yes
Mmus\Pole
1 of 14
No
No
Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (3)
Xtro\rev3l
9 of 13
Yes
Yes
Xtro\pold1
2 of 13
No
No
Xtro\pola1
1 of 13
No
No
Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (5)
Drer\rev3l
11 of 14
Yes
Yes
Drer\pold1
4 of 14
No
No
Drer\pola1
2 of 14
No
No
Drer\nexmifb
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\pole
1 of 14
No
No
Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (4)
Cele\rev-3
10 of 14
Yes
Yes
Cele\F10C2.4
4 of 14
No
No
Cele\pola-1
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\pole-1
1 of 14
No
No
Anopheles gambiae (African malaria mosquito) (4)
Agam\AgaP_AGAP013386
12 of 12
Yes
Yes
Agam\AgaP_AGAP011731
3 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP001929
2 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP004615
1 of 12
No
No
Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (6)
Atha\REV3
11 of 13
Yes
Yes
Atha\AT5G63960
4 of 13
No
No
Atha\ICU2
2 of 13
No
No
Atha\TIL1
2 of 13
No
No
Atha\AT1G49180
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\TIL2
1 of 13
No
No
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (4)
Scer\REV3
11 of 13
Yes
Yes
Scer\POL3
3 of 13
No
No
Scer\POL1
2 of 13
No
No
Scer\POL2
2 of 13
No
No
Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (4)
Spom\rev3
10 of 12
Yes
Yes
Spom\cdc6
3 of 12
No
No
Spom\pol1
2 of 12
No
No
Spom\cdc20
1 of 12
No
No
Escherichia coli (enterobacterium) (1)
Ecol\polB
4 of 11
Yes
No
Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)
Data provided directly from OrthoDB:PolZ1. Refer to their site for version information.
Paralogs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Paralogs
Paralogs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Gene Symbol
Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (3)
PolD1
5 of 13
PolA1
3 of 13
PolE1
1 of 13
Human Disease Associations
FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports
    Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations
    Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 0 )
    Human Ortholog
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Interaction
    References
    Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1 and OMIM)
    Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.
    Homo sapiens (Human)
    Gene name
    Score
    OMIM
    OMIM Phenotype
    DO term
    Complementation?
    Transgene?
    REV3L; REV3 like, DNA directed polymerase zeta catalytic subunit
    11 of 14
    602776
        POLD1; DNA polymerase delta 1, catalytic subunit
        4 of 14
        174761
        Functional Complementation Data
        Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.
        Interactions
        Summary of Physical Interactions
        Summary of Genetic Interactions
        Interaction Browsers
        View in FlyBase Interactions Browser   View in MIST tool (external link)
        Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions
        Starting gene(s)
        Interaction type
        Interacting gene(s)
        Reference
        Starting gene(s)
        Interaction type
        Interacting gene(s)
        Reference
        PolD3
        enhanceable
        PolZ1
        (Kocak et al., 2019)
        External Data
        Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)
        Catalytic subunit of the zeta DNA polymerase complex, which consists of PolZ1/DNApol-zeta and the accessory component PolZ2/Rev7 (PubMed:15175013, PubMed:16507570). Interacts with the apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) endonuclease Rrp1; the interaction is likely indirect and mediated via PolZ2 (PubMed:16507570).
        (UniProt, Q9GSR1 )
        Linkouts
        BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
        DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
        MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
        Pathways
        Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)
        Metabolic Pathways
        FlyBase
        External Links
        External Data
        Linkouts
        KEGG Pathways - A collection of manually drawn pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.
        Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.
        Class of Gene
        Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data
        Chromosome (arm)
        2R
        Recombination map
        2-57
        Cytogenetic map
        43E17-43E17
        Sequence location
        FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
        Cytogenetic map
        Evidence for location
        43E17-43E17
        Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{EP}CanB2EP774 and P{lacW}lin19k01207&P{lacW}rnh1k07624
        Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
        Cytogenetic map
        Notes
        References
        43E-43E
        (determined by in situ hybridisation)
        (Eeken et al., 2001, Eeken et al., 1997, Eeken et al., 1992)
        Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
        Location

        2-57

        (FlyBase, 2016)

        2-57.0

        (Comeron et al., 2012)

        2-54.9

        Left of (cM)
        Right of (cM)
        Notes
        Stocks and Reagents
        Stocks (8)
        Genomic Clones (20)
        cDNA Clones (5)
         

        Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see JBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

        cDNA clones, fully sequenced
        BDGP DGC clones
        Other clones
          Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

          For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

          cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
          BDGP DGC clones
          Other clones
          RNAi and Array Information
          Linkouts
          DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
          Antibody Information
          Laboratory Generated Antibodies
           
          Commercially Available Antibodies
           
          Cell Line Information
          Publicly Available Cell Lines
           
            Other Stable Cell Lines
             
              Other Comments

              Identification: as a protein that binds to Rev1 protein.

              (Takeuchi et al., 2004)

              The mus205 enzyme has a high processivity for DNA synthesis and has a preference for poly(dA)/oligo(dT)<down> 10:1 </down> as a template primer. The activities of bypassing pyrimidine dimers and (6-4) photoproducts and extending from mismatched primer-template termini in (6-4) photoproducts by mus205 have not been detected.

              (Takeuchi et al., 2004)

              Gene is involved in post-replication translesion synthesis repair.

              (de Buendia, 1998)

              mus205 is a DNA repair gene whose gene product may possibly be involved in filling the gaps opposite pyrimidine dimers.

              (Eeken et al., 1992)
              Relationship to Other Genes
              Source for database merge of

              Source for merge of: mus205 CG1925

              (FlyBase, 1996-)
              Additional comments

              Source for merge of mus205 CG1925 was sequence comparison ( date:001108 ).

              (FlyBase, 1996-)
              Nomenclature History
              Source for database identify of

              Source for identity of: DNApol-ζ mus205

              (Takeuchi et al., 2004)

              Source for identity of: PolZ1 DNApol-ζ

              (Marygold et al., 2020)
              Nomenclature comments
              Etymology
              Synonyms and Secondary IDs (19)
              Datasets (0)
              Study focus (0)
              Experimental Role
              Project
              Project Type
              Title
              Study result (0)
              Result
              Result Type
              Title
              External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 50 )
              Sequence Crossreferences
              NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.
              GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.
              GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.
              RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.
              UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.
              UniProt/Swiss-Prot - Manually annotated and reviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
              Other crossreferences
              AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.
              DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
              EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
              FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
              FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics
              InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
              KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.
              MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)
              Linkouts
              BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
              Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones
              DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
              DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
              Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
              FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
              FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel
              Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
              Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
              FlyMet - A comprehensive tissue-specific metabolomics resource for Drosophila.
              iBeetle-Base - RNAi phenotypes in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)
              KEGG Pathways - A collection of manually drawn pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.
              MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
              Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.
              References (85)