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Gene Dmel\ninaD

General Information
Symbol	Dmel\ninaD	Species	D. melanogaster
Name	neither inactivation nor afterpotential D	Annotation symbol	CG31783
Feature type	protein_coding_gene	FlyBase ID	FBgn0002939
Gene Model Status	Current	Stock availability	2 publicly available
Also Known As	CG5750
Genomic Location
Chromosome (arm)	2L	Recombination map
Cytogenetic map	36E3-36E3	Sequence location	2L:18,081,630..18,083,608 [+]
Genomic Maps Select View:Gene Models/EvidenceExpression/RegulationMegaViewGene Disruptions, Stocks and Reagents modENCODE GBrowse	Decorated FastA GenBankGFF Gene region Extended Gene region CDSIntronsExonsTranslationsTranscripts3' UTR5' UTR
Summary Information
Automatically generated summary See sections below for more information	The gene neither inactivation nor afterpotential D is referred to in FlyBase by the symbol Dmel\ninaD (CG31783, FBgn0002939). It is a protein_coding_gene from Drosophila melanogaster. There is experimental evidence that it has the molecular function: scavenger receptor activity. There is experimental evidence that it is involved in the biological process: carotenoid transport; phototransduction; rhodopsin biosynthetic process; phototransduction, UV; phototransduction, visible light. 8 alleles are reported. The phenotype of these alleles is annotated with: photoreceptor cell. It has 2 annotated transcripts and 2 annotated polypeptides. Protein features are: CD36 antigen. Summary of modENCODE Temporal Expression Profile: Temporal profile ranges from a peak of moderately high expression to a trough of extremely low expression. Peak expression observed during late larval stages, in adult male stages. Summary of FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data: Expression at high levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: larval midgut. Expression at moderate levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult midgut. Comments on Affy2 ProbeSet: ProbeSet 1632705_at completely aligns to an exonic region common to each of the 2 FlyBase-annotated transcript isoforms of ninaD. Gene sequence location is 2L:18081630..18083608.
Phenotypic Description from the Red Book (Lindsley & Zimm 1992)
Gene/Allele symbols may differ from current usage	ninaD (J.C. Hall) Basic physiological and rhodopsin-depleted phenotypes like those of ninaB mutants (e.g. rhodopsin levels reduced in all three classes of photoreceptors); ninaD mutants can be rescued by dietary supplement of vitamin A and several other retinoids. Measurements of light-induced "quantum bumps" (the basic "units" of the photoreceptor potential) in ninaD2 (rhodopsin content, 10-2 X wild-type) showed these responses to be basically normal (implying that, since extensive inter-rhodopsin molecular interactions are likely to be extremely rare, such interactions are not necessary for generation and adaptation of the bumps); yet, bump amplitudes approximately 4X normal (Johnson and Pak, 1986).
Recent Updates
Description	What does this section display? This section contains items that were added to this record for each release. It currently only tracks new links between this FlyBase report and other FlyBase data classes (e.g. genes, references, stocks) or controlled vocabulary terms (e.g. GO, anatomy terms). What does this section not display? This section does not currently display links that were removed or gene model changes.
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FB2012_01	Sequence features HFA02886 BKN30429 References Herboso et al., 2011, Int. J. Dev. Biol. 55(6): 603--611 Antosh et al., 2011, Aging 3(6): 576--583 Cunha et al., 2010, PLoS Genet. 6: e1001014
FB2011_10
All updates	Click here to see a list of all updates to this record from FB2010_08 and on.
Detailed Mapping Data
FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Evidence for location 36E3-36E3   Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{lacW}Aac11k06710 and P{EP}CG10413EP2164
Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Notes References
Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
Location
Left of (cM)
Right of (cM)
Notes
Gene Model & Products
Please see the GBrowse view of Dmel\ninaD for information on other features To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form
Comments on Gene Model
Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name FlyBase ID RefSeq ID Length (nt) Associated CDS (aa) ninaD-RA FBtr0081031  NM_165237   1725   513 ninaD-RB FBtr0302454  NM_001201907   1340   415
Additional Transcript Data & Comments
Reported size (kB)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name FlyBase ID Predicted MW (kDa) Length (aa) Theoretical pI RefSeq ID GenBank protein ninaD-PA   FBpp0080584   57.8   513   4.63     NP_724087   AAN11179 ninaD-PB   FBpp0291642   47.0   415   4.61     NP_001188836   ADV37085
Additional Polypeptide Data & Comments
Reported size (kDa)
Comments
External Data
Linkouts
Crossreferences	InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites • CD36 antigen (IPR002159)
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank	DNA sequence Protein sequence Name AE014134 AAN11179   AE014134 ADV37085   AY119140 AAM51000   AY169964 AAO11676   BI243923   BT031187   CO262145   EC196639
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
UniProtKB/TrEMBL	Q8I7X2 Q8INY3 Q8MS21
Mapped Features
Mapped Features have been reorganized, please see this article for details. Additional mapped features and mutations can be found on GBrowse or related reports. Type Symbol & Location Additional Notes References
External Data
Linkouts
Crossreferences
Expression Data
Transcript Expression
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Notes
Polypeptide Expression
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Notes
High-Throughput Expression Data
or
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2010.10.13 for analysis details and data files for all genes. modENCODE Temporal Expression Data for FBgn0002939    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales max expr for FBgn0002939 Very low expression bin max Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max Summary of modENCODE Temporal Expression Profile: Temporal profile ranges from a peak of moderately high expression to a trough of extremely low expression. Peak expression observed during late larval stages, in adult male stages. [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No expression (0 - 0)   Extremely low expression (1 - 10)   Very low expression (11 - 100)   Low expression (101 - 400)   Moderate expression (401 - 1400)   Moderately high expression (1401 - 4000)   High expression (4001 - 10000)   Very high expression (10001 - 100000)   Extremely high expression (100001 - 2000000) Linear, scaled to maximum FBgn0002939 expression level Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    5 embryo 02-04hr    19 embryo 04-06hr    17 embryo 06-08hr    210 embryo 08-10hr    484 embryo 10-12hr    679 embryo 12-14hr    582 embryo 14-16hr    146 embryo 16-18hr    114 embryo 18-20hr    96 embryo 20-22hr    34 embryo 22-24hr    56 larva L1    6 larva L2    14 larva L3 12hr old    469 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    1558 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    92 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    10 white prepupae new    6 white prepupae 12hr    14 white prepupae 24hr    5 pupae 2d postWPP    163 pupae 3d postWPP    1057 pupae 4d postWPP    664 adult male 01day    2537 adult male 05day    1806 adult male 30day    343 adult female 01day    1136 adult female 05day    148 adult female 30day    42 Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to Very low expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    5 embryo 02-04hr    19 embryo 04-06hr    17 embryo 06-08hr  (210) embryo 08-10hr  (484) embryo 10-12hr  (679) embryo 12-14hr  (582) embryo 14-16hr  (146) embryo 16-18hr  (114) embryo 18-20hr    96 embryo 20-22hr    34 embryo 22-24hr    56 larva L1    6 larva L2    14 larva L3 12hr old  (469) larva L3 puffstage 1-2  (1558) larva L3 puffstage 3-6    92 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    10 white prepupae new    6 white prepupae 12hr    14 white prepupae 24hr    5 pupae 2d postWPP  (163) pupae 3d postWPP  (1057) pupae 4d postWPP  (664) adult male 01day  (2537) adult male 05day  (1806) adult male 30day  (343) adult female 01day  (1136) adult female 05day  (148) adult female 30day    42 Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    5 embryo 02-04hr    19 embryo 04-06hr    17 embryo 06-08hr    210 embryo 08-10hr    484 embryo 10-12hr    679 embryo 12-14hr    582 embryo 14-16hr    146 embryo 16-18hr    114 embryo 18-20hr    96 embryo 20-22hr    34 embryo 22-24hr    56 larva L1    6 larva L2    14 larva L3 12hr old    469 larva L3 puffstage 1-2  (1558) larva L3 puffstage 3-6    92 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    10 white prepupae new    6 white prepupae 12hr    14 white prepupae 24hr    5 pupae 2d postWPP    163 pupae 3d postWPP    1057 pupae 4d postWPP    664 adult male 01day  (2537) adult male 05day  (1806) adult male 30day    343 adult female 01day    1136 adult female 05day    148 adult female 30day    42 Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    5 embryo 02-04hr    19 embryo 04-06hr    17 embryo 06-08hr    210 embryo 08-10hr    484 embryo 10-12hr    679 embryo 12-14hr    582 embryo 14-16hr    146 embryo 16-18hr    114 embryo 18-20hr    96 embryo 20-22hr    34 embryo 22-24hr    56 larva L1    6 larva L2    14 larva L3 12hr old    469 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    1558 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    92 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    10 white prepupae new    6 white prepupae 12hr    14 white prepupae 24hr    5 pupae 2d postWPP    163 pupae 3d postWPP    1057 pupae 4d postWPP    664 adult male 01day    2537 adult male 05day    1806 adult male 30day    343 adult female 01day    1136 adult female 05day    148 adult female 30day    42 Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    5 embryo 02-04hr    19 embryo 04-06hr    17 embryo 06-08hr    210 embryo 08-10hr    484 embryo 10-12hr    679 embryo 12-14hr    582 embryo 14-16hr    146 embryo 16-18hr    114 embryo 18-20hr    96 embryo 20-22hr    34 embryo 22-24hr    56 larva L1    6 larva L2    14 larva L3 12hr old    469 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    1558 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    92 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    10 white prepupae new    6 white prepupae 12hr    14 white prepupae 24hr    5 pupae 2d postWPP    163 pupae 3d postWPP    1057 pupae 4d postWPP    664 adult male 01day    2537 adult male 05day    1806 adult male 30day    343 adult female 01day    1136 adult female 05day    148 adult female 30day    42 Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum FBgn0002939 expression level Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    5 embryo 02-04hr    19 embryo 04-06hr    17 embryo 06-08hr    210 embryo 08-10hr    484 embryo 10-12hr    679 embryo 12-14hr    582 embryo 14-16hr    146 embryo 16-18hr    114 embryo 18-20hr    96 embryo 20-22hr    34 embryo 22-24hr    56 larva L1    6 larva L2    14 larva L3 12hr old    469 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    1558 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    92 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    10 white prepupae new    6 white prepupae 12hr    14 white prepupae 24hr    5 pupae 2d postWPP    163 pupae 3d postWPP    1057 pupae 4d postWPP    664 adult male 01day    2537 adult male 05day    1806 adult male 30day    343 adult female 01day    1136 adult female 05day    148 adult female 30day    42 Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High  log, scaled to Very low expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    5 embryo 02-04hr    19 embryo 04-06hr    17 embryo 06-08hr  (210) embryo 08-10hr  (484) embryo 10-12hr  (679) embryo 12-14hr  (582) embryo 14-16hr  (146) embryo 16-18hr  114 embryo 18-20hr    96 embryo 20-22hr    34 embryo 22-24hr    56 larva L1    6 larva L2    14 larva L3 12hr old  (469) larva L3 puffstage 1-2  (1558) larva L3 puffstage 3-6    92 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    10 white prepupae new    6 white prepupae 12hr    14 white prepupae 24hr    5 pupae 2d postWPP  (163) pupae 3d postWPP  (1057) pupae 4d postWPP  (664) adult male 01day  (2537) adult male 05day  (1806) adult male 30day  (343) adult female 01day  (1136) adult female 05day  (148) adult female 30day    42 Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low  log, scaled to Moderate expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    5 embryo 02-04hr    19 embryo 04-06hr    17 embryo 06-08hr    210 embryo 08-10hr    484 embryo 10-12hr    679 embryo 12-14hr    582 embryo 14-16hr    146 embryo 16-18hr    114 embryo 18-20hr    96 embryo 20-22hr    34 embryo 22-24hr    56 larva L1    6 larva L2    14 larva L3 12hr old    469 larva L3 puffstage 1-2  1558 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    92 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    10 white prepupae new    6 white prepupae 12hr    14 white prepupae 24hr    5 pupae 2d postWPP    163 pupae 3d postWPP    1057 pupae 4d postWPP    664 adult male 01day  (2537) adult male 05day  1806 adult male 30day    343 adult female 01day    1136 adult female 05day    148 adult female 30day    42 Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    5 embryo 02-04hr    19 embryo 04-06hr    17 embryo 06-08hr    210 embryo 08-10hr    484 embryo 10-12hr    679 embryo 12-14hr    582 embryo 14-16hr    146 embryo 16-18hr    114 embryo 18-20hr    96 embryo 20-22hr    34 embryo 22-24hr    56 larva L1    6 larva L2    14 larva L3 12hr old    469 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    1558 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    92 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    10 white prepupae new    6 white prepupae 12hr    14 white prepupae 24hr    5 pupae 2d postWPP    163 pupae 3d postWPP    1057 pupae 4d postWPP    664 adult male 01day    2537 adult male 05day    1806 adult male 30day    343 adult female 01day    1136 adult female 05day    148 adult female 30day    42 Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    5 embryo 02-04hr    19 embryo 04-06hr    17 embryo 06-08hr    210 embryo 08-10hr    484 embryo 10-12hr    679 embryo 12-14hr    582 embryo 14-16hr    146 embryo 16-18hr    114 embryo 18-20hr    96 embryo 20-22hr    34 embryo 22-24hr    56 larva L1    6 larva L2    14 larva L3 12hr old    469 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    1558 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    92 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    10 white prepupae new    6 white prepupae 12hr    14 white prepupae 24hr    5 pupae 2d postWPP    163 pupae 3d postWPP    1057 pupae 4d postWPP    664 adult male 01day    2537 adult male 05day    1806 adult male 30day    343 adult female 01day    1136 adult female 05day    148 adult female 30day    42 Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr     embryo 02-04hr     embryo 04-06hr     embryo 06-08hr     embryo 08-10hr     embryo 10-12hr     embryo 12-14hr     embryo 14-16hr     embryo 16-18hr     embryo 18-20hr     embryo 20-22hr     embryo 22-24hr     larva L1     larva L2     larva L3 12hr old     larva L3 puffstage 1-2     larva L3 puffstage 3-6     larva L3 puffstage 7-9     white prepupae new     white prepupae 12hr     white prepupae 24hr     pupae 2d postWPP     pupae 3d postWPP     pupae 4d postWPP     adult male 01day     adult male 05day     adult male 30day     adult female 01day     adult female 05day     adult female 30day     FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data for FBgn0002939    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap Back-to-back    Scales max expr for FBgn0002939 Moderate expression bin max High level expression bin max Very high expression bin max Summary of FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data: Expression at high levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: larval midgut. Expression at moderate levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult midgut. [download data (TSV)] Guide to FlyAtlas expression level colors   No expression (0 - 9.999)   Low expression (10 - 99.999)   Moderate expression (100 - 499.999)   High level expression (500 - 999.999)   Very high expression (1000 - 25000) Linear, scaled to maximum FBgn0002939 expression level Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    1.5 Larval Midgut    2016.7 Larval Hindgut    2.1 Larval Malpighian Tubules    68.1 Larval Fat Body    2.5 Larval Salivary Gland    2.7 Larval Trachea    1.075 Larval Carcass    1.05 Adult Head    40.1 Adult Eye no informative data Adult Brain    5.5 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    4 Adult Crop    5.1 Adult Midgut    352.2 Adult Hindgut    2.3 Adult Malpighian Tubules no informative data Adult Fat Body    5.3 Adult Salivary Gland    2.6 Adult Heart    56.225 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    1 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    3.1 Adult Ovary    0.7 Adult Testis    3.8 Adult Male Accessory Gland    3.1 Adult Carcass no informative data Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    1.5 Larval Midgut  (2016.7) Larval Hindgut    2.1 Larval Malpighian Tubules    68.1 Larval Fat Body    2.5 Larval Salivary Gland    2.7 Larval Trachea    1.075 Larval Carcass    1.05 Adult Head    40.1 Adult Eye no informative data Adult Brain    5.5 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    4 Adult Crop    5.1 Adult Midgut    352.2 Adult Hindgut    2.3 Adult Malpighian Tubules no informative data Adult Fat Body    5.3 Adult Salivary Gland    2.6 Adult Heart    56.225 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    1 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    3.1 Adult Ovary    0.7 Adult Testis    3.8 Adult Male Accessory Gland    3.1 Adult Carcass no informative data Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High  Linear, scaled to High level expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    1.5 Larval Midgut  (2016.7) Larval Hindgut    2.1 Larval Malpighian Tubules    68.1 Larval Fat Body    2.5 Larval Salivary Gland    2.7 Larval Trachea    1.075 Larval Carcass    1.05 Adult Head    40.1 Adult Eye no informative data Adult Brain    5.5 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    4 Adult Crop    5.1 Adult Midgut    352.2 Adult Hindgut    2.3 Adult Malpighian Tubules no informative data Adult Fat Body    5.3 Adult Salivary Gland    2.6 Adult Heart    56.225 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    1 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    3.1 Adult Ovary    0.7 Adult Testis    3.8 Adult Male Accessory Gland    3.1 Adult Carcass no informative data Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Very high expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    1.5 Larval Midgut    2016.7 Larval Hindgut    2.1 Larval Malpighian Tubules    68.1 Larval Fat Body    2.5 Larval Salivary Gland    2.7 Larval Trachea    1.075 Larval Carcass    1.05 Adult Head    40.1 Adult Eye no informative data Adult Brain    5.5 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    4 Adult Crop    5.1 Adult Midgut    352.2 Adult Hindgut    2.3 Adult Malpighian Tubules no informative data Adult Fat Body    5.3 Adult Salivary Gland    2.6 Adult Heart    56.225 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    1 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    3.1 Adult Ovary    0.7 Adult Testis    3.8 Adult Male Accessory Gland    3.1 Adult Carcass no informative data Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  log, scaled to maximum FBgn0002939 expression level Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    1.5 Larval Midgut    2016.7 Larval Hindgut    2.1 Larval Malpighian Tubules    68.1 Larval Fat Body    2.5 Larval Salivary Gland    2.7 Larval Trachea    1.075 Larval Carcass    1.05 Adult Head    40.1 Adult Eye no informative data Adult Brain    5.5 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    4 Adult Crop    5.1 Adult Midgut    352.2 Adult Hindgut    2.3 Adult Malpighian Tubules no informative data Adult Fat Body    5.3 Adult Salivary Gland    2.6 Adult Heart    56.225 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    1 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    3.1 Adult Ovary    0.7 Adult Testis    3.8 Adult Male Accessory Gland    3.1 Adult Carcass no informative data Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  log, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    1.5 Larval Midgut  (2016.7) Larval Hindgut    2.1 Larval Malpighian Tubules    68.1 Larval Fat Body    2.5 Larval Salivary Gland    2.7 Larval Trachea    1.075 Larval Carcass    1.05 Adult Head    40.1 Adult Eye no informative data Adult Brain    5.5 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    4 Adult Crop    5.1 Adult Midgut    352.2 Adult Hindgut    2.3 Adult Malpighian Tubules no informative data Adult Fat Body    5.3 Adult Salivary Gland    2.6 Adult Heart    56.225 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    1 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    3.1 Adult Ovary    0.7 Adult Testis    3.8 Adult Male Accessory Gland    3.1 Adult Carcass no informative data Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High  log, scaled to High level expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    1.5 Larval Midgut  (2016.7) Larval Hindgut    2.1 Larval Malpighian Tubules    68.1 Larval Fat Body    2.5 Larval Salivary Gland    2.7 Larval Trachea    1.075 Larval Carcass    1.05 Adult Head    40.1 Adult Eye no informative data Adult Brain    5.5 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    4 Adult Crop    5.1 Adult Midgut    352.2 Adult Hindgut    2.3 Adult Malpighian Tubules no informative data Adult Fat Body    5.3 Adult Salivary Gland    2.6 Adult Heart    56.225 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    1 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    3.1 Adult Ovary    0.7 Adult Testis    3.8 Adult Male Accessory Gland    3.1 Adult Carcass no informative data Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  log, scaled to Very high expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    1.5 Larval Midgut    2016.7 Larval Hindgut    2.1 Larval Malpighian Tubules    68.1 Larval Fat Body    2.5 Larval Salivary Gland    2.7 Larval Trachea    1.075 Larval Carcass    1.05 Adult Head    40.1 Adult Eye no informative data Adult Brain    5.5 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    4 Adult Crop    5.1 Adult Midgut    352.2 Adult Hindgut    2.3 Adult Malpighian Tubules no informative data Adult Fat Body    5.3 Adult Salivary Gland    2.6 Adult Heart    56.225 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    1 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    3.1 Adult Ovary    0.7 Adult Testis    3.8 Adult Male Accessory Gland    3.1 Adult Carcass no informative data Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  Heatmap Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System     Larval Midgut     Larval Hindgut     Larval Malpighian Tubules     Larval Fat Body     Larval Salivary Gland     Larval Trachea     Larval Carcass     Adult Head     Adult Eye no informative data Adult Brain     Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion     Adult Crop     Adult Midgut     Adult Hindgut     Adult Malpighian Tubules no informative data Adult Fat Body     Adult Salivary Gland     Adult Heart     Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca     Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca     Adult Ovary     Adult Testis     Adult Male Accessory Gland     Adult Carcass no informative data FlyAtlas Organ/Tissue Expression, larval vs. adult Larval Expression Level Tissue Adult Expression Level   NA  Head    40.1   NA  Eye    no informative data   NA  Brain    5.5   1.5  Central Nervous System    NA   NA  Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    4   NA  Crop    5.1   2016.7  Midgut    352.2   2.1  Hindgut    2.3   68.1  Malpighian Tubules    no informative data   2.5  Fat Body    5.3   2.7  Salivary Gland    2.6   NA  Heart    56.225   1.075  Trachea    NA   NA  VirginFemale Spermatheca    1   NA  InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    3.1   NA  Ovary    0.7   NA  Testis    3.8   NA  Male Accessory Gland    3.1   1.05  Carcass    no informative data modENCODE Temporal Expression Data (Graveley et al., 2011) FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data (Chintapalli et al., 2007)
Expression Clusters
	A cluster of genes with similar mRNA expression dynamics across development. (The modENCODE Consortium, 2010) mE2_34_mRNA_expression_cluster_09
External Data & Images
Linkouts	FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies • FBgn0002939 FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array • CG31783-RA FlyExpress - Embryonic expression images (BDGP data) • Show all FlyExpress processed images for ninaD Stages(s) 11-12 Stages(s) 13-16
Alleles & Phenotypes
Summary of Allele Phenotypes
Lethality Allele viable, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237 ninaDGD1755 Other Phenotypes Allele neurophysiology defective ninaD2 Phenotype manifest in Allele photoreceptor cell ninaD263
Classical Alleles ( 6 )
For All Classical Alleles Show
Allele of ninaD Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion ninaD2 ethyl methanesulfonate 1 -- ninaD1 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 Yes ninaD263 0 -- ninaD3 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- ninaD4 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- ninaD5 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 --
Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs ( 2 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Allele of ninaD Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion ninaDGD1755 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 1 Yes ninaDScer\UAS.cKa in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 1 Yes
Aneuploid Aberrations
Not disrupted in	Df(2L)A33 (Hardy, 2005.6.1) Df(2L)b10-1   Df(2L)I131 (Hardy, 2005.6.1) Df(2L)M36F18 (Steward and Nusslein-Volhard, 1986) Df(2L)TW119 (Steward and Nusslein-Volhard, 1986) Df(2L)TW202 (Steward and Nusslein-Volhard, 1986)
Disrupted in	Df(2L)Exel7070 (Ryder, 2004.4.26) Df(2L)H20 (Steward and Nusslein-Volhard, 1986) Df(2L)H68 (Steward and Nusslein-Volhard, 1986) Df(2L)M36F-S5 (Steward and Nusslein-Volhard, 1986) Df(2L)T317 (Steward and Nusslein-Volhard, 1986) Df(2L)TW137 (Steward and Nusslein-Volhard, 1986) Df(2L)TW201 (Steward and Nusslein-Volhard, 1986) Df(2L)TW203 (Steward and Nusslein-Volhard, 1986) Df(2L)TW330 (Steward and Nusslein-Volhard, 1986) Df(2L)VA18 (Steward and Nusslein-Volhard, 1986)
Transgenic Constructs & Insertions
Transgenic Constructs
	Type of construct Name Expression data UAS construct P{GD1755} NA P{UAS-ninaD} NA
Insertions
	Type of insertions Name Expression data
Gene Ontology: Function, Process & Cellular Component ( 10 unique terms )
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence ( 6 terms )
Molecular Function
CV term Evidence References
scavenger receptor activity inferred from mutant phenotype AND inferred from sequence or structural similarity (Kiefer et al., 2002)
Biological Process
CV term Evidence References
carotenoid transport inferred from mutant phenotype AND inferred from sequence or structural similarity (Kiefer et al., 2002) phototransduction inferred from mutant phenotype (Montell, 1999, Wang and Montell, 2005) phototransduction, UV inferred from mutant phenotype (Stephenson et al., 1983) phototransduction, visible light inferred from mutant phenotype (Stephenson et al., 1983) rhodopsin biosynthetic process inferred from mutant phenotype (Ozaki et al., 1993, Stephenson et al., 1983)
Cellular Component ( 0 terms)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions ( 6 terms )
Molecular Function
CV term Evidence References
scavenger receptor activity non-traceable author statement (Lemaitre, 2000.12.20, Kiefer, 2002.10.28)
Biological Process
CV term Evidence References
carotenoid transport non-traceable author statement (Kiefer, 2002.10.28) cell adhesion inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR002159 (FlyBase Curators et al., 2004-) defense response non-traceable author statement (Lemaitre, 2000.12.20)
Cellular Component
CV term Evidence References
integral to plasma membrane non-traceable author statement (Lemaitre, 2000.12.20) membrane inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR002159 (FlyBase Curators et al., 2004-)
Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene
	nuclear_gene   protein_coding_gene
Interactions & Pathways
Summary of Physical Interactions
Protein-protein
Interacting group Assay References
Summary of Genetic Interactions
Interacts with	Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions ninaD allele Gene References
External Data
Linkouts	DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions. • FBgn0002939
Orthologs
Genome-wide drosophilid orthologs	Dana\GF14812 Dere\GG21104 Dgri\GH11637 Dmoj\GI17938 Dper\GL14664 Dpse\GA16473 Dsec\GM17262 Dsim\GD24127 Dvir\GJ17710 Dwil\GK18172 Dyak\GE12810
Curated drosophilid orthologs	Dpse\GA16473
Linkouts	InParanoid A subset of ortholog calls from InParanoid. • 3693.m00048 Tetrahymena thermophila (ciliate protozoa) 3706.m00059 Tetrahymena thermophila (ciliate protozoa) OrthoDB (Arthropod subset) The hierarchical catalog of eukaryotic orthologs. • FBgn0230530 FBgn0220171 FBgn0204879 FBgn0195483 FBgn0172173 FBgn0076488 FBgn0152268 FBgn0140678 FBgn0119117 FBgn0113287 FBgn0091839
Stocks & Reagents
Stocks Listed in FlyBase ( 2 )
Bloomington	24628 w*; ninaD2, P{UAS-ninaD}2/CyO; TM2/MRS
VDRC	v3875 w1118; P{GD1755}v3875
Genomic Clones ( 2 )
	BACR01G10 BACR39D12 Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete
cDNA Clones ( 4 )
	Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see GBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.
cDNA Clones, Fully Sequenced
BDGP DGC clones	RE41741
Other clones	FI02050
cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
BDGP DGC clones
Other clones	CK01.99D.H10 EK084463
RNAi & Array Information
Linkouts	DRSC - Results from RNAi screens. • FBgn0002939 GenomeRNAi - GenomeRNAi – A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents • 326160
Antibody Information
Other Information
Discoverer
Etymology
Identification
Relationship to Other Genes
Source for database identity of
Source for database merge of	Source for merge of: ninaD CG31783 (FlyBase, 1996-)
Additional comments	Source for merge of ninaD CG31783 was sequence comparison (date:030120). (FlyBase Genome Annotators, 2002-2003, FlyBase, 1996-)
Other Comments
	ninaB and ninaD are not required in the retina, and exclusive retinal expression of either ninaB or ninaD, or both genes simultaneously, does not support rhodopsin biogenesis. Neuron-specific expression of ninaB and ninaD allows for rhodopsin biogenesis. (Gu et al., 2004) Major opsin genes can be transcribed in the absence of carotenoid, or retinoid. Expression of mature opsin is extremely depressed by carotenoid deprivation. The chromophore 11-cis-3-hydroxyretinal accelerates the synthesis of opsin by inducing its maturation. (Ozaki et al., 1993) Not the same gene as the very closely linked Arr1 (which produces a 'phototransduction protein'); this was shown by sequencing coding exons of genomic DNA from ninaD2, ninaD3 and ninaD5, all of which exhibited wild-type arrestin sequences in these ORFs (Smith et al., 1990).   Basic physiological and rhodopsin-depleted phenotypes like those of ninaB mutants (e.g. rhodopsin levels reduced in all three classes of photoreceptors); ninaD mutants can be rescued by dietary supplement of vitamin A and several other retinoids. Measurements of light-induced 'quantum bumps' (the basic 'units' of the photoreceptor potential) in ninaD2 (rhodopsin content, 10-2 X wild-type) showed these responses to be basically normal (implying that, since extensive inter-rhodopsin molecular interactions are likely to be extremely rare, such interactions are not necessary for generation and adaptation of the bumps); yet, bump amplitudes approximately 4X normal (Johnson and Pak, 1986).
External Crossreferences & Linkouts
Sequence Crossreferences
	RefSeq (Transcripts) • NM_165237 NM_001201907 RefSeq (Proteins) • NP_724087 NP_001188836 DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank • AAM51000 AAN11179 AAO11676 ADV37085 AY119140 AY169964 BI243923 Entrez Gene - A searchable database of RefSeq genes. • 326160 UniProtKB/TrEMBL • Q8I7X2 Q8INY3 Q8MS21
Other Crossreferences
	InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites • CD36 antigen (IPR002159)
Linkouts
	DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions. • FBgn0002939 DRSC - Results from RNAi screens. • FBgn0002939 FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies • FBgn0002939 FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array • CG31783-RA FlyMine - Integrated genomics database for Drosophila, Anopheles, and C.elegans • FBgn0002939 GenomeRNAi - GenomeRNAi – A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents • 326160 InParanoid A subset of ortholog calls from InParanoid. • 3693.m00048 Tetrahymena thermophila (ciliate protozoa) 3706.m00059 Tetrahymena thermophila (ciliate protozoa) modMine - Data generated by the modENCODE project. • FBgn0002939 OrthoDB (Arthropod subset) The hierarchical catalog of eukaryotic orthologs. • FBgn0230530 FBgn0220171 FBgn0204879 FBgn0195483 FBgn0172173 FBgn0076488 FBgn0152268 FBgn0140678 FBgn0119117 FBgn0113287 FBgn0091839
Synonyms & Secondary IDs ( 5 )
Reported As
Symbol Synonym	CG5750 (Kiefer et al., 2002, Lemaitre, 2000.12.20, Robertson, 2001.1.8, ) CG31783 (Nichols and Vogt, 2008) ninaD (Wang and Montell, 2005, Ulvila et al., 2006, Yang and O'Tousa, 2007, Benton et al., 2007, Bartkuhn et al., 2009, Nichols and Vogt, 2008, Voolstra et al., 2006, Voolstra et al., 2010, Vogt et al., 2009, Gerbasi et al., 2011, Cunha et al., 2010) NINAD (Wang, 2007, Benton et al., 2007)
Name Synonym	neither inactivation nor afterpotential D
Secondary FlyBase IDs
	FBgn0032662 FBgn0051783
References ( 46 )
Generate a list of	All references relating to this gene ( 46 )
List References by type	Research paper  ( 23 ) Supplementary material  ( 3 ) Review  ( 6 ) Personal communication to FlyBase  ( 6 ) Abstract  ( 3 ) FlyBase analysis  ( 2 ) DNA/RNA sequence record  ( 1 ) Computer file  ( 1 ) Automatic genome annotation  ( 1 )
Recent research papers ( 5 )
	Antosh et al., 2011, Aging 3(6): 576--583 New comparative genomics approach reveals a conserved health span signature across species. [FBrf0216594] Gerbasi et al., 2011, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 108(8): 3204--3209 Blanks, a nuclear siRNA/dsRNA-binding complex component, is required for Drosophila spermiogenesis. [FBrf0213185] Herboso et al., 2011, Int. J. Dev. Biol. 55(6): 603--611 Expression of the Scavenger Receptor Class B type I (SR-BI) family in Drosophila melanogaster. [FBrf0216272] Cunha et al., 2010, PLoS Genet. 6: e1001014 Combinatorial binding leads to diverse regulatory responses: Lmd is a tissue-specific modulator of Mef2 activity. [FBrf0211225] Voolstra et al., 2010, J. Biol. Chem. 285(3): 2130--2139 NinaB is essential for Drosophila vision but induces retinal degeneration in opsin-deficient photoreceptors. [FBrf0209707] Show all research papers ...
Recent reviews (0)
	All reviews listed in FlyBase were published before 2010 Show reviews ...