HomeGene Dmel\ninaE
| General Information | ||||
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| Symbol | Dmel\ninaE | Species | D. melanogaster | |
| Name | neither inactivation nor afterpotential E | Annotation symbol | CG4550 | |
| Feature type | protein_coding_gene | FlyBase ID | FBgn0002940 | |
| Created / Updated | 2003-12-01/2003-12-01 | |||
| Genomic Location | ||||
| Chromosome (arm) | 3R | Recombination map | 3-66.4 | |
| Cytogenetic map | 92B4-92B4 | Sequence location | 3R:15,711,968..15,713,928 [-] | |
| Map ( GBrowse ) | 
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Summary Information
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Automatically generated summary
See sections below for more information | The gene neither inactivation nor afterpotential E is referred to in FlyBase by the symbol ninaE (CG4550, FBgn0002940). It has the cytological map location 92B4. Its sequence location is 3R:15711968..15713928. Its molecular function is described as: G-protein coupled photoreceptor activity; G-protein coupled receptor activity; protein binding; rhodopsin-like receptor activity. It is involved in the biological processes: phototransduction; photoreceptor cell morphogenesis; G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway; rhabdomere development; adult locomotory behavior; negative regulation of compound eye retinal cell programmed cell death; response to light intensity. 87 alleles are reported. The phenotypes of these alleles are annotated with 17 unique terms, many of which group under: peripheral nervous system; nervous system; organ system; adult; sense organ; rhabdomere; cytoplasmic part; cell projection; intracellular membrane-bounded organelle; intracellular organelle. It has one annotated transcript and one annotated polypeptide. | |||
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Phenotypic Description from the Red Book (Lindsley & Zimm 1992)
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| Gene/Allele symbols may differ from current usage | ninaE (J.C. Hall)
ninaE+ encodes the opsin moity of the major rhodopsin, RH1, which occupies the rhabdomeres of the outer six photoreceptor cells R1-R6 in each ommatidium of the adult fly.
This rhodopsin is also expressed in the larval light sensitive
organs (Zucker et al., 1985; Pollack and Benzer, 1988). RH1
is a 39 kd basic protein (Pak and Nichols, 1985, J. Biol.
Chem. 260: 12670-74). Homozygous ninaE mutants display
severe depletion of rhodopsin from the outer photoreceptors,
shown microspectrophotometrically and physiologically (Scavarda et al., 1983; Johnson and Pak, 1986; also see below), as
well as by absence of R1-6 staining with an anti-(Drosophila)-rhodopsin MAb (de Couet and Tanimura, 1987, Eur. J. Cell Biol.
44: 50-56). Electroretinograms demonstrate that the prolonged depolarizing afterpotential (PDA) is absent; also, the
sustained corneal-negative light-coincident response is
reduced in some alleles and nearly wild type in amplitude in
others. Physiological measurements of light-induced "quantum
bumps" in three ninaE mutants (whose RH1 decrements range from
10-2 to 10-6 of wild-type) indicate that these responses-at
the level of a given bump-are basically normal (implying that
interactions among rhodopsin molecules are not likely to be
critical for generation and adaptation of these "basic units"
of photoreceptor potential (Johnson and Pak, 1986); bump
amplitudes were higher than normal (more so in the more severe
of the three mutants). Increased and decreased dosages of
ninaE+ cause higher than normal and lower than normal rhodopsin levels (Scavarda et al., 1983). Some mutants, when heterozygous to wild type, show less than 50% of the normal rhodopsin level (e.g., ninaE7/+ yields 35% of the normal level); in
heterozygotes of ninaE5, ninaE6, and ninaE7, the basic photoreceptor potential, as seen in electroretinograms, may be
reduced. In mutant homozygotes, the cross-sectional area of
rhabdomeres 1-6 is smaller than normal; in some mutants
(ninaE1, ninaE3, ninaE7, and ninaE8), an age dependent,
light-independent degeneration of R1-6 rhabdomeres (but not
cell bodies) is observed; in the case of severe alleles like
ninaE1 (see other information) or ninaE17, the rhabdomeres are
present at eclosion, but degenerate rapidly thereafter (e.g.,
Stark and Sapp, 1987, O'Tousa et al., 1989); degeneration is
cell autonomous in mosaics (Stark, Srygley, and Greenberg,
1981, DIS 56: 132-33).
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Detailed Mapping Data
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| FlyBase Computed Cytological Location | ||||
Cytogenetic map Evidence for location 92B4-92B4
Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{PZ}l(3)1058510585 and P{EP}SyndEP409
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| Experimentally Determined Cytological Location | ||||
Cytogenetic map Notes References 92B8-92B11 (determined by in situ hybridisation)
92B8-92B11 (determined by in situ hybridisation)
92B8-92B11 (determined by in situ hybridisation)
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| Experimentally Determined Recombination Data | ||||
| Location | 3-66.4 | |||
| Left of (cM) | ||||
| Right of (cM) | ||||
| Notes | ||||
| Molecular Map Data | ||||
Gene Order (in direction of increasing cytology)
References Gene Order (overall orientation not stated) References | ||||
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Gene Model & Products
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Please see the
GBrowse view of
Dmel\ninaE
for information on other features
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| Comments on Gene Model | ||||
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Transcript Data
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| Annotated Transcripts | ||||
Name FlyBase ID RefSeq ID Length (nt) Associated CDS (aa) | ||||
| Additional Transcript Data & Comments | ||||
| Reported size (kB) | 1.7 (northern blot) | |||
| Comments | ||||
| External Data | ||||
| Crossreferences | ||||
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Polypeptide Data
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| Annotated Polypeptides | ||||
Name FlyBase ID
Predicted MW (kD)
Length (aa)
Theoretical pI
RefSeq ID
GenBank protein
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| Additional Polypeptide Data & Comments | ||||
| Reported size (kD) | 33 (kD) 373 (aa); 41 (kD predicted) | |||
| Comments | ||||
| External Data | ||||
| Linkouts | PANTHER
- Protein classification by function, families, and pathways
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| Crossreferences | GPCRDB
- Information system for G protein-coupled receptors
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InterPro
domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites
• GPCR, rhodopsin-like (IPR000276)
Opsin RH1/RH2 (IPR001735)
Opsin (IPR001760)
GPCR, rhodopsin-like superfamily (IPR017452)
TRANSFAC
- Eukaryotic transcription factors, their genomic binding sites, and DNA-binding profiles
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Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
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| DDBJ
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EMBL / GenBank | DNA sequence Protein sequence Name | |||