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Gene Dmel\otu

General Information
Symbol	Dmel\otu	Species	D. melanogaster
Name	ovarian tumor	Annotation symbol	CG12743
Feature type	protein_coding_gene	FlyBase ID	FBgn0003023
Gene Model Status	Current	Stock availability	20 publicly available
Also Known As	fs(1)231, K, fs(1)M101
Genomic Location
Chromosome (arm)	X	Recombination map	1-22.7
Cytogenetic map	7F1-7F1	Sequence location	X:8,379,026..8,383,553 [-]
Genomic Maps Select View:Gene Models/EvidenceExpression/RegulationMegaViewGene Disruptions, Stocks and Reagents modENCODE GBrowse	Decorated FastA GenBankGFF Gene region Extended Gene region CDSIntronsExonsTranslationsTranscripts3' UTR5' UTR
Summary Information
Automatically generated summary See sections below for more information	The gene ovarian tumor is referred to in FlyBase by the symbol Dmel\otu (CG12743, FBgn0003023). It is a protein_coding_gene from Drosophila melanogaster. Its molecular function is unknown. There is experimental evidence that it is involved in the biological process: positive regulation of DNA endoreduplication. 63 alleles are reported. The phenotypes of these alleles are annotated with: organ system; female germline cyst; multicellular structure; anatomical structure; egg; germarium; nuclear part; cytoplasmic part; germline cell; chorion; nuclear chromosome; fusome. It has 3 annotated transcripts and 3 annotated polypeptides. Protein features are: Ovarian tumour, otubain; Tudor domain; Tudor subgroup. Summary of modENCODE Temporal Expression Profile: Temporal profile ranges from a peak of very high expression to a trough of extremely low expression. Peak expression observed in adult female stages. Summary of FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data: Expression at high levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult ovary. Comments on Affy2 ProbeSet: ProbeSet 1641484_a_at completely aligns to an exonic region common to each of the 3 FlyBase-annotated transcript isoforms of otu. Gene sequence location is X:8379026..8383553.
External Summaries
Phenotypic Description from the Red Book (Lindsley & Zimm 1992)
Gene/Allele symbols may differ from current usage	otu: ovarian tumor (R. King) Homozygous females defective in proliferation, differentition, or maturation of the germ line, depending on the level of activity of the particular allele. So-called quiescent alleles (QUI) produce ovarioles lacking in germ cells; oncogenic alleles (ONC) produce cystocytes that continue dividing and form tumors; differentiated alleles (DIF) produce chambers containing only "pseudonurse" cells (PNCs) or nurse cell/oocyte (NC/O) syncytia. In these, transport of nurse cell cytoplasm to the oocyte is inhibited and chambers are arrested at a pseudo-12 stage [Bishop and King, 1984, J. Cell Sci. 67: 87-119 (fig.)]. Mutant nurse cells that fail to pump their cytoplasm into the oocytes are also unable to form a system of actin microfilament bundles in their cortical cytoplasm during stage 10B (Storto and King, 1988, Dev. Genet. 9: 91-120). The proportions of ovarioles with the different phenotypes appear to reflect the level of function of the particular allele; homozygotes are less severely affected than hemizygotes (80% of ovarioles of females carrying otu1, otu4, otu5, or otu7 in combination with an otu deficiency lack germ cells, whereas 5% of the ovarioles of homozygotes lack germ cells); similarly, the levels of function of certain alleles decline as the developmental temperature is raised. Thus otu1 behaves like a DIF allele at 18, an ONC allele at 23, and a QUI allele at 28. The ovarian tumors which give the mutant gene its name are made up of large numbers of single cystocytes and small numbers of clones of 2-4 interconnected cells [King, 1979, Int. J. Insect Morphol. Embryol. 8: 297-309 (fig.)]. Most cystocytes undergo complete cytokinesis, and there are defects in the construction and functioning of the polyfusomal system during the cycles of cystocyte divisions [Storto and King, 1989, Dev. Genet. 10: 70-86 (fig.)]. Drosophila nurse cells normally undergo nine or ten cycles of DNA replication (Mulligan and Rasch, 1985, Histochemistry 82: 233-47), and the chromatids dissociate so that each nucleus is filled with a jumbled mass of oligotene threads. In otu PNCs, the chromatids remain in register, generating banded polytene chromosomes [Dabbs and King, 1980, Int. J. Insect Morphol. Embryol. 9: 215-29 (fig.)]. Homologues pair and rearrangement configurations can be discerned [King, Riley, Cassidy, White, and Paik, 1981, Science 212: 441-43 (fig.)]. The largest polytenes have undergone 12 cycles of endonuclear replication (Rasch, King, and Rasch, 1984, Histochemistry 81: 105-10). The banding pattern of PNC polytenes is similar to that of the polytenes from larval salivary gland cells (Sinha, Mishra, and Lakhotia, 1987, Chromosoma 95: 108-16; Heino, 1989, Chromosoma 97: 363-73). At 25, otu11 behaves as an ONC allele, the cells dividing to form tumors, but at 18, homozygous females produce oocytes that reach a pseudo-14 stage, contain beta yolk spheres and can undergo early embryogenesis. In the case of DIF alleles such as otu4, females generate pseudo-12 eggs which lack beta yolk spheres and never initiate development. When otu11 is combined with alleles from the QUI class such as otu2, the heteroallelic females are sterile. Heteroalleles between otu11 and certain DIF alleles show various degrees of fertility [Storto and King, 1987, Roux's Arch. Dev. Biol. 196: 210-21 (fig.)]. otu11/otu14 females are fully fertile although the nurse cells, unlike those of wild-type females, contain banded chromosomes (Storto and King, 1988). Oocyte differentiation is destabilized in certain otu alleles; for example, the presumptive oocytes in about 20% of otu7 homozygotes resemble nurse cells in their polytenization, although they lag behind the remaining nurse cells by at least one replication cycle [King, Rasch, Riley, O'Grady, and Storto, 1985, Histochemistry 82: 131-34 (fig.)]. Germ line autonomy has been demonstrated for otu3, otu4, and otu7 (Wieschaus, Audit, and Masson, 1981, Dev. Biol. 88: 92-103; unpublished work cited in King et al., 1986).
Recent Updates
Description	What does this section display? This section contains items that were added to this record for each release. It currently only tracks new links between this FlyBase report and other FlyBase data classes (e.g. genes, references, stocks) or controlled vocabulary terms (e.g. GO, anatomy terms). What does this section not display? This section does not currently display links that were removed or gene model changes.
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FB2012_01	Sequence features HFA18811 BKN20628 Clones RE75231
FB2011_10
All updates	Click here to see a list of all updates to this record from FB2010_08 and on.
Detailed Mapping Data
FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Evidence for location 7F1-7F1   Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{EP}CG1632EP1583 and P{EP}MoeEP1652
Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Notes References 7F1-7F4   (determined by in situ hybridisation)   (Heino, 1994) 7F1-7F1   (determined by in situ hybridisation)   (Steinhauer and Kalfayan, 1992) 7F1-7F1   (determined by in situ hybridisation)   (Comer et al., 1992) 7F1-7F1   (determined by in situ hybridisation)   (Mulligan et al., 1988) 7F-7F     (Spradling et al., 1987) 7E9-7E9   Determined by deficiency mapping (details unspecified).   (Swan et al., 2001)
Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
Location	1-22.7   1-23.2 (King et al., 1986)
Left of (cM)	Nrg (King et al., 1986)
Right of (cM)	pt (King et al., 1986)
Notes
Gene Model & Products
Please see the GBrowse view of Dmel\otu for information on other features To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form
Comments on Gene Model
	EST data suggest additional 5' exon(s)
Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name FlyBase ID RefSeq ID Length (nt) Associated CDS (aa) otu-RA FBtr0071236  NM_167158   3101   811 otu-RB FBtr0071237  NM_078534   3227   853 otu-RC FBtr0071238  NM_206656   3241   853
Additional Transcript Data & Comments
Reported size (kB)	4.0, 3.2, 1.3, 1.1 (northern blot) (Mulligan et al., 1988) 3.2 (northern blot) (Comer et al., 1992, Parks et al., 1986)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name FlyBase ID Predicted MW (kDa) Length (aa) Theoretical pI RefSeq ID GenBank protein otu-PA   FBpp0071180   92.6   811   7.03     NP_727271   AAF46384 otu-PB   FBpp0071181   97.5   853   7.06     NP_511089   AAN09234 otu-PC   FBpp0089325   97.5   853   7.06     NP_996379   AAS65286
Additional Polypeptide Data & Comments
Reported size (kDa)	853 (aa); 104, 98 (kD observed); 93 (kD predicted) (Steinhauer and Kalfayan, 1992) 811 (aa) (Champe and Laird, 1989) 110 (kD observed); 93 (kD predicted) (Steinhauer et al., 1989)
Comments	The ability of the 98kD otu protein isoform as expressed from a cDNA construct to restore fertility to an otu mutant is inversely correlated with the severity of the mutation. Evidence suggests that the 104kD isoform and not the 98kD isoform preferentially localizes to the oocyte. (Sass et al., 1995) The 104kD otu protein isoform as expressed from a cDNA construct can rescue all classes of otu mutations. Evidence suggests that the 104kD isoform and not the 98kD isoform preferentially localizes to the developing oocyte. This suggests that the amino acids encoded by the alternate exon are required for oocyte localization. (Steinhauer and Kalfayan, 1992) Two antibodies were made to different regions of the otu protein. Both antibodies recognize both otu protein isoforms. (Steinhauer and Kalfayan, 1992)
External Data
Linkouts
Crossreferences	InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites • Tudor subgroup (IPR018351) Tudor domain (IPR002999) Ovarian tumour, otubain (IPR003323)
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank	DNA sequence Protein sequence Name AE014298 AAF46384   AE014298 AAN09234   AE014298 AAS65286   AY071588 AAL49210   BI228251   BI229970   BI236035   BI241209   BI371232   BI375106   BI481608   BI483093   BI619318   BQ103081   BT132637   CO330586   CZ484847   CZ490662   EC080246   EC206298   EC239468   EV598557   GH946230   GH953295   GH953620   GH959744   GH960024   GH963061   GH964091   GH964983   GH965100   GH969628   GH972773   GH981494   GH982944   GR705779   M30825 AAA28740   M30825 AAF97987   X13693 CAA31983
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot	P10383
UniProtKB/TrEMBL
Mapped Features
Mapped Features have been reorganized, please see this article for details. Additional mapped features and mutations can be found on GBrowse or related reports. Type Symbol & Location Additional Notes References protein binding site FBsf0000160451 X:8,383,498..8,383,522 bound_moiety=ovo-XP evidence=experimental (Bergman et al., 2004, Lu and Oliver, 2001) protein binding site FBsf0000160452 X:8,383,774..8,383,798 bound_moiety=ovo-XP evidence=experimental (Lu and Oliver, 2001, Bergman et al., 2004) protein binding site FBsf0000159771 X:8,383,804..8,383,828 bound_moiety=ovo-XP evidence=experimental (Lu and Oliver, 2001, Bergman et al., 2004)
External Data
Linkouts
Crossreferences
Expression Data
Transcript Expression
dissected tissue Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference oogenesis & adult stage | female   ovary   (Mulligan et al., 1988) spermatogenesis & adult stage   testis   (Mulligan et al., 1988) northern blot Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference pupal stage | late     (Mulligan et al., 1988) pupal stage     (Mulligan et al., 1988) adult stage | female     (Mulligan et al., 1988) adult stage | male     (Mulligan et al., 1988) oogenesis & adult stage | female   ovary   (Comer et al., 1992, Mulligan et al., 1988) spermatogenesis & adult stage   testis   (Mulligan et al., 1988) oogenesis     (Parks et al., 1986) RT-PCR Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference oogenesis & adult stage | female   egg chamber   (Goodrich et al., 2004) Comment:previtellarial oogenesis stage S1 -- S8 & adult stage | female   egg chamber   (Van Buskirk and Schupbach, 2002) oogenesis   egg chamber   (Van Buskirk and Schupbach, 2002)
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Notes
Polypeptide Expression
immunolocalization Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference adult stage & oogenesis   germarium region 1   (Sass et al., 1995) germarium region 2   (Sass et al., 1995) germarium   (Steinhauer and Kalfayan, 1992) cystocyte   (Steinhauer and Kalfayan, 1992) nurse cell   (Sass et al., 1995, Steinhauer and Kalfayan, 1992) oocyte   (Sass et al., 1995, Steinhauer and Kalfayan, 1992) western blot Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference oogenesis & adult stage | female   egg chamber   (Goodrich et al., 2004) Comment:previtellarial ovary   (Steinhauer et al., 1989)
Additional Descriptive Data
	The 104kD otu isoform is more abundant than the 98kD isoform in ovaries from late pupae, is about equal in abundance in 2-5hr adult ovaries, and is substantially less abundant in 2-5 day adult ovaries. Thus, the 104kD isoform predominates in predifferentiated germ-line cells. Confocal microscopy on larval and adult whole mount ovaries (after staining with an antibody which recognizes both protein isoforms) reveals that otu protein is uniformly distributed in the cytoplasm of germ-line cells in germarial regions 1 and 2. In stage S1 egg chambers and through the vitellogenic stages, otu protein staining is more intense in the cytoplasm of the oocyte. As egg chambers mature, otu protein staining in nurse cells steadily rises. The distribution of otu protein in nurse cells becomes reorganized such that by stage S10, all otu protein staining is restricted to a subcortical region of the nurse cells at the nurse cell/follicle cell boundary. (Sass et al., 1995) otu protein is detected in cystocytes, nurse cells, and oocytes but not in follicle cells. Staining is strong in germaria and remains constant or decreases slightly up to stage S4. Staining increases again from stage S5 or S6, reaches a plateau at stages S9-10B and is gone by stage S11. The 98kD isoform is significantly more abundant in ovaries than the 104kD form. The antibodies used recognize both protein isoforms. (Steinhauer and Kalfayan, 1992) The 104kD otu isoform is more abundant than the 98kD isoform in ovaries from late pupae, is about equal in abundance in 2-5hr adult ovaries, and is substantially less abundant in 2-5 day adult ovaries. Thus, the 98kD isoform increases as differentiation progresses. Confocal microscopy on larval and adult whole mount ovaries (after staining with an antibody which recognizes both protein isoforms) reveals that otu protein is uniformly distributed in the cytoplasm of germ-line cells in germarial regions 1 and 2. In stage S1 egg chambers and through the vitellogenic stages, otu protein staining is more intense in the cytoplasm of the oocyte. As egg chambers mature, otu protein staining in nurse cells steadily rises. The distribution of otu protein in nurse cells becomes reorganized such that by stage S10, all otu protein staining is restricted to a subcortical region of the nurse cells at the nurse cell/follicle cell boundary. (Sass et al., 1995) otu protein is detected in cystocytes, nurse cells, and oocytes but not in follicle cells. Staining is strong in germaria and remains constant or decreases slightly up to stage S4. Staining increases again from stage S5 or S6, reaches a plateau at stages S9-10B and is gone by stage S11. The 98kD isoform is significantly more abundant in ovaries than the 104kD form. The antibodies used recognize both protein isoforms. (Steinhauer and Kalfayan, 1992)
Marker for
Subcellular Localization
CV Term	cytoplasm (Steinhauer and Kalfayan, 1992) cytoplasm (Steinhauer and Kalfayan, 1992)
Notes
High-Throughput Expression Data
or
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2010.10.13 for analysis details and data files for all genes. modENCODE Temporal Expression Data for FBgn0003023    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales max expr for FBgn0003023 Very low expression bin max Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max Summary of modENCODE Temporal Expression Profile: Temporal profile ranges from a peak of very high expression to a trough of extremely low expression. Peak expression observed in adult female stages. [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No expression (0 - 0)   Extremely low expression (1 - 10)   Very low expression (11 - 100)   Low expression (101 - 400)   Moderate expression (401 - 1400)   Moderately high expression (1401 - 4000)   High expression (4001 - 10000)   Very high expression (10001 - 100000)   Extremely high expression (100001 - 2000000) Linear, scaled to maximum FBgn0003023 expression level Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    8528 embryo 02-04hr    1414 embryo 04-06hr    128 embryo 06-08hr    53 embryo 08-10hr    81 embryo 10-12hr    19 embryo 12-14hr    36 embryo 14-16hr    67 embryo 16-18hr    25 embryo 18-20hr    29 embryo 20-22hr    23 embryo 22-24hr    39 larva L1    12 larva L2    9 larva L3 12hr old    4 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    9 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    14 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    16 white prepupae new    24 white prepupae 12hr    24 white prepupae 24hr    45 pupae 2d postWPP    40 pupae 3d postWPP    34 pupae 4d postWPP    145 adult male 01day    46 adult male 05day    56 adult male 30day    64 adult female 01day    5509 adult female 05day    12222 adult female 30day    11016 Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Very low expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr  (8528) embryo 02-04hr  (1414) embryo 04-06hr  (128) embryo 06-08hr    53 embryo 08-10hr    81 embryo 10-12hr    19 embryo 12-14hr    36 embryo 14-16hr    67 embryo 16-18hr    25 embryo 18-20hr    29 embryo 20-22hr    23 embryo 22-24hr    39 larva L1    12 larva L2    9 larva L3 12hr old    4 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    9 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    14 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    16 white prepupae new    24 white prepupae 12hr    24 white prepupae 24hr    45 pupae 2d postWPP    40 pupae 3d postWPP    34 pupae 4d postWPP  (145) adult male 01day    46 adult male 05day    56 adult male 30day    64 adult female 01day  (5509) adult female 05day  (12222) adult female 30day  (11016) Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr  (8528) embryo 02-04hr  1414 embryo 04-06hr    128 embryo 06-08hr    53 embryo 08-10hr    81 embryo 10-12hr    19 embryo 12-14hr    36 embryo 14-16hr    67 embryo 16-18hr    25 embryo 18-20hr    29 embryo 20-22hr    23 embryo 22-24hr    39 larva L1    12 larva L2    9 larva L3 12hr old    4 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    9 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    14 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    16 white prepupae new    24 white prepupae 12hr    24 white prepupae 24hr    45 pupae 2d postWPP    40 pupae 3d postWPP    34 pupae 4d postWPP    145 adult male 01day    46 adult male 05day    56 adult male 30day    64 adult female 01day  (5509) adult female 05day  (12222) adult female 30day  (11016) Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    8528 embryo 02-04hr    1414 embryo 04-06hr    128 embryo 06-08hr    53 embryo 08-10hr    81 embryo 10-12hr    19 embryo 12-14hr    36 embryo 14-16hr    67 embryo 16-18hr    25 embryo 18-20hr    29 embryo 20-22hr    23 embryo 22-24hr    39 larva L1    12 larva L2    9 larva L3 12hr old    4 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    9 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    14 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    16 white prepupae new    24 white prepupae 12hr    24 white prepupae 24hr    45 pupae 2d postWPP    40 pupae 3d postWPP    34 pupae 4d postWPP    145 adult male 01day    46 adult male 05day    56 adult male 30day    64 adult female 01day    5509 adult female 05day  (12222) adult female 30day  (11016) Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    8528 embryo 02-04hr    1414 embryo 04-06hr    128 embryo 06-08hr    53 embryo 08-10hr    81 embryo 10-12hr    19 embryo 12-14hr    36 embryo 14-16hr    67 embryo 16-18hr    25 embryo 18-20hr    29 embryo 20-22hr    23 embryo 22-24hr    39 larva L1    12 larva L2    9 larva L3 12hr old    4 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    9 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    14 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    16 white prepupae new    24 white prepupae 12hr    24 white prepupae 24hr    45 pupae 2d postWPP    40 pupae 3d postWPP    34 pupae 4d postWPP    145 adult male 01day    46 adult male 05day    56 adult male 30day    64 adult female 01day    5509 adult female 05day    12222 adult female 30day    11016 Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum FBgn0003023 expression level Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    8528 embryo 02-04hr    1414 embryo 04-06hr    128 embryo 06-08hr    53 embryo 08-10hr    81 embryo 10-12hr    19 embryo 12-14hr    36 embryo 14-16hr    67 embryo 16-18hr    25 embryo 18-20hr    29 embryo 20-22hr    23 embryo 22-24hr    39 larva L1    12 larva L2    9 larva L3 12hr old    4 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    9 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    14 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    16 white prepupae new    24 white prepupae 12hr    24 white prepupae 24hr    45 pupae 2d postWPP    40 pupae 3d postWPP    34 pupae 4d postWPP    145 adult male 01day    46 adult male 05day    56 adult male 30day    64 adult female 01day    5509 adult female 05day    12222 adult female 30day    11016 Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Very low expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr  (8528) embryo 02-04hr  (1414) embryo 04-06hr  128 embryo 06-08hr    53 embryo 08-10hr    81 embryo 10-12hr    19 embryo 12-14hr    36 embryo 14-16hr    67 embryo 16-18hr    25 embryo 18-20hr    29 embryo 20-22hr    23 embryo 22-24hr    39 larva L1    12 larva L2    9 larva L3 12hr old    4 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    9 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    14 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    16 white prepupae new    24 white prepupae 12hr    24 white prepupae 24hr    45 pupae 2d postWPP    40 pupae 3d postWPP    34 pupae 4d postWPP  (145) adult male 01day    46 adult male 05day    56 adult male 30day    64 adult female 01day  (5509) adult female 05day  (12222) adult female 30day  (11016) Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low  log, scaled to Moderate expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr  (8528) embryo 02-04hr  1414 embryo 04-06hr    128 embryo 06-08hr    53 embryo 08-10hr    81 embryo 10-12hr    19 embryo 12-14hr    36 embryo 14-16hr    67 embryo 16-18hr    25 embryo 18-20hr    29 embryo 20-22hr    23 embryo 22-24hr    39 larva L1    12 larva L2    9 larva L3 12hr old    4 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    9 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    14 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    16 white prepupae new    24 white prepupae 12hr    24 white prepupae 24hr    45 pupae 2d postWPP    40 pupae 3d postWPP    34 pupae 4d postWPP    145 adult male 01day    46 adult male 05day    56 adult male 30day    64 adult female 01day  (5509) adult female 05day  (12222) adult female 30day  (11016) Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    8528 embryo 02-04hr    1414 embryo 04-06hr    128 embryo 06-08hr    53 embryo 08-10hr    81 embryo 10-12hr    19 embryo 12-14hr    36 embryo 14-16hr    67 embryo 16-18hr    25 embryo 18-20hr    29 embryo 20-22hr    23 embryo 22-24hr    39 larva L1    12 larva L2    9 larva L3 12hr old    4 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    9 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    14 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    16 white prepupae new    24 white prepupae 12hr    24 white prepupae 24hr    45 pupae 2d postWPP    40 pupae 3d postWPP    34 pupae 4d postWPP    145 adult male 01day    46 adult male 05day    56 adult male 30day    64 adult female 01day    5509 adult female 05day  12222 adult female 30day  11016 Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    8528 embryo 02-04hr    1414 embryo 04-06hr    128 embryo 06-08hr    53 embryo 08-10hr    81 embryo 10-12hr    19 embryo 12-14hr    36 embryo 14-16hr    67 embryo 16-18hr    25 embryo 18-20hr    29 embryo 20-22hr    23 embryo 22-24hr    39 larva L1    12 larva L2    9 larva L3 12hr old    4 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    9 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    14 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    16 white prepupae new    24 white prepupae 12hr    24 white prepupae 24hr    45 pupae 2d postWPP    40 pupae 3d postWPP    34 pupae 4d postWPP    145 adult male 01day    46 adult male 05day    56 adult male 30day    64 adult female 01day    5509 adult female 05day    12222 adult female 30day    11016 Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr     embryo 02-04hr     embryo 04-06hr     embryo 06-08hr     embryo 08-10hr     embryo 10-12hr     embryo 12-14hr     embryo 14-16hr     embryo 16-18hr     embryo 18-20hr     embryo 20-22hr     embryo 22-24hr     larva L1     larva L2     larva L3 12hr old     larva L3 puffstage 1-2     larva L3 puffstage 3-6     larva L3 puffstage 7-9     white prepupae new     white prepupae 12hr     white prepupae 24hr     pupae 2d postWPP     pupae 3d postWPP     pupae 4d postWPP     adult male 01day     adult male 05day     adult male 30day     adult female 01day     adult female 05day     adult female 30day     FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data for FBgn0003023    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap Back-to-back    Scales max expr for FBgn0003023 Moderate expression bin max High level expression bin max Very high expression bin max Summary of FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data: Expression at high levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult ovary. [download data (TSV)] Guide to FlyAtlas expression level colors   No expression (0 - 9.999)   Low expression (10 - 99.999)   Moderate expression (100 - 499.999)   High level expression (500 - 999.999)   Very high expression (1000 - 25000) Linear, scaled to maximum FBgn0003023 expression level Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    3.3 Larval Midgut    6.2 Larval Hindgut    4.2 Larval Malpighian Tubules    6.8 Larval Fat Body    5.9 Larval Salivary Gland    6.9 Larval Trachea    1.85 Larval Carcass    3.35 Adult Head    5 Adult Eye    4.7 Adult Brain    4.9 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    5.4 Adult Crop    7.7 Adult Midgut    7.6 Adult Hindgut    4.4 Adult Malpighian Tubules no informative data Adult Fat Body    19.1 Adult Salivary Gland no informative data Adult Heart    4.55 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    15.3 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca no informative data Adult Ovary    1353.1 Adult Testis    6 Adult Male Accessory Gland no informative data Adult Carcass    27.3 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    3.3 Larval Midgut    6.2 Larval Hindgut    4.2 Larval Malpighian Tubules    6.8 Larval Fat Body    5.9 Larval Salivary Gland    6.9 Larval Trachea    1.85 Larval Carcass    3.35 Adult Head    5 Adult Eye    4.7 Adult Brain    4.9 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    5.4 Adult Crop    7.7 Adult Midgut    7.6 Adult Hindgut    4.4 Adult Malpighian Tubules no informative data Adult Fat Body    19.1 Adult Salivary Gland no informative data Adult Heart    4.55 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    15.3 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca no informative data Adult Ovary  (1353.1) Adult Testis    6 Adult Male Accessory Gland no informative data Adult Carcass    27.3 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High  Linear, scaled to High level expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    3.3 Larval Midgut    6.2 Larval Hindgut    4.2 Larval Malpighian Tubules    6.8 Larval Fat Body    5.9 Larval Salivary Gland    6.9 Larval Trachea    1.85 Larval Carcass    3.35 Adult Head    5 Adult Eye    4.7 Adult Brain    4.9 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    5.4 Adult Crop    7.7 Adult Midgut    7.6 Adult Hindgut    4.4 Adult Malpighian Tubules no informative data Adult Fat Body    19.1 Adult Salivary Gland no informative data Adult Heart    4.55 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    15.3 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca no informative data Adult Ovary  (1353.1) Adult Testis    6 Adult Male Accessory Gland no informative data Adult Carcass    27.3 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Very high expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    3.3 Larval Midgut    6.2 Larval Hindgut    4.2 Larval Malpighian Tubules    6.8 Larval Fat Body    5.9 Larval Salivary Gland    6.9 Larval Trachea    1.85 Larval Carcass    3.35 Adult Head    5 Adult Eye    4.7 Adult Brain    4.9 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    5.4 Adult Crop    7.7 Adult Midgut    7.6 Adult Hindgut    4.4 Adult Malpighian Tubules no informative data Adult Fat Body    19.1 Adult Salivary Gland no informative data Adult Heart    4.55 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    15.3 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca no informative data Adult Ovary    1353.1 Adult Testis    6 Adult Male Accessory Gland no informative data Adult Carcass    27.3 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  log, scaled to maximum FBgn0003023 expression level Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    3.3 Larval Midgut    6.2 Larval Hindgut    4.2 Larval Malpighian Tubules    6.8 Larval Fat Body    5.9 Larval Salivary Gland    6.9 Larval Trachea    1.85 Larval Carcass    3.35 Adult Head    5 Adult Eye    4.7 Adult Brain    4.9 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    5.4 Adult Crop    7.7 Adult Midgut    7.6 Adult Hindgut    4.4 Adult Malpighian Tubules no informative data Adult Fat Body    19.1 Adult Salivary Gland no informative data Adult Heart    4.55 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    15.3 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca no informative data Adult Ovary    1353.1 Adult Testis    6 Adult Male Accessory Gland no informative data Adult Carcass    27.3 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  log, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    3.3 Larval Midgut    6.2 Larval Hindgut    4.2 Larval Malpighian Tubules    6.8 Larval Fat Body    5.9 Larval Salivary Gland    6.9 Larval Trachea    1.85 Larval Carcass    3.35 Adult Head    5 Adult Eye    4.7 Adult Brain    4.9 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    5.4 Adult Crop    7.7 Adult Midgut    7.6 Adult Hindgut    4.4 Adult Malpighian Tubules no informative data Adult Fat Body    19.1 Adult Salivary Gland no informative data Adult Heart    4.55 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    15.3 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca no informative data Adult Ovary  (1353.1) Adult Testis    6 Adult Male Accessory Gland no informative data Adult Carcass    27.3 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High  log, scaled to High level expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    3.3 Larval Midgut    6.2 Larval Hindgut    4.2 Larval Malpighian Tubules    6.8 Larval Fat Body    5.9 Larval Salivary Gland    6.9 Larval Trachea    1.85 Larval Carcass    3.35 Adult Head    5 Adult Eye    4.7 Adult Brain    4.9 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    5.4 Adult Crop    7.7 Adult Midgut    7.6 Adult Hindgut    4.4 Adult Malpighian Tubules no informative data Adult Fat Body    19.1 Adult Salivary Gland no informative data Adult Heart    4.55 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    15.3 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca no informative data Adult Ovary  1353.1 Adult Testis    6 Adult Male Accessory Gland no informative data Adult Carcass    27.3 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  log, scaled to Very high expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    3.3 Larval Midgut    6.2 Larval Hindgut    4.2 Larval Malpighian Tubules    6.8 Larval Fat Body    5.9 Larval Salivary Gland    6.9 Larval Trachea    1.85 Larval Carcass    3.35 Adult Head    5 Adult Eye    4.7 Adult Brain    4.9 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    5.4 Adult Crop    7.7 Adult Midgut    7.6 Adult Hindgut    4.4 Adult Malpighian Tubules no informative data Adult Fat Body    19.1 Adult Salivary Gland no informative data Adult Heart    4.55 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    15.3 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca no informative data Adult Ovary    1353.1 Adult Testis    6 Adult Male Accessory Gland no informative data Adult Carcass    27.3 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  Heatmap Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System     Larval Midgut     Larval Hindgut     Larval Malpighian Tubules     Larval Fat Body     Larval Salivary Gland     Larval Trachea     Larval Carcass     Adult Head     Adult Eye     Adult Brain     Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion     Adult Crop     Adult Midgut     Adult Hindgut     Adult Malpighian Tubules no informative data Adult Fat Body     Adult Salivary Gland no informative data Adult Heart     Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca     Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca no informative data Adult Ovary     Adult Testis     Adult Male Accessory Gland no informative data Adult Carcass     FlyAtlas Organ/Tissue Expression, larval vs. adult Larval Expression Level Tissue Adult Expression Level   NA  Head    5   NA  Eye    4.7   NA  Brain    4.9   3.3  Central Nervous System    NA   NA  Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    5.4   NA  Crop    7.7   6.2  Midgut    7.6   4.2  Hindgut    4.4   6.8  Malpighian Tubules    no informative data   5.9  Fat Body    19.1   6.9  Salivary Gland    no informative data   NA  Heart    4.55   1.85  Trachea    NA   NA  VirginFemale Spermatheca    15.3   NA  InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    no informative data   NA  Ovary    1353.1   NA  Testis    6   NA  Male Accessory Gland    no informative data   3.35  Carcass    27.3 modENCODE Temporal Expression Data (Graveley et al., 2011) FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data (Chintapalli et al., 2007)
Expression Clusters
	A cluster of genes with similar mRNA expression dynamics across development. (The modENCODE Consortium, 2010) mE2_34_mRNA_expression_cluster_00
External Data & Images
Linkouts	FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies • FBgn0003023 FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array • CG12743-RA
Alleles & Phenotypes
Summary of Allele Phenotypes
Lethality Allele lethal | heat sensitive otu1 semi-lethal | pupal stage, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237 otuGD7817 Sterility Allele female fertile (with otu4) otu11 female fertile (with otu11) otu4 female fertile | partially otu20 female sterile otu1 otu2 otu3 otu5 otu7 otu10 otu11 otu13 otu14 otu15 otu16 otu17 otu55 otu67 otu139 otuPΔ3 female sterile | recessive otu1 otu2 otu3 otu4 otu5 otu6 otu7 otu8 otu9 otu10 otu11 otu12 otu13 otu14 otu15 otu16 otu17 otu18 otu19 otu21 otuPΔ2 otuPΔ3 otuPΔ4 otuPΔ5 otuPΔ6 otuSuWs female sterile germline-dependent | recessive otu3 otu7 fertile otuPR4A otuPR5 otuPR7 otuPR9 otuPR13 otuPR14 otuPR15 male sterile otu1 Other Phenotypes Allele courtship behavior defective | female otu1 otu2 otu3 otu4 otu5 otu6 otu7 otu9 otu10 otu11 otu12 otu13 otu14 otu15 otu16 otu17 short lived | female otu1 otu6 otu7 tumorigenic | female otuPΔ3 wild-type otu+t5.4 otu+t853 otu+Δ1 otu+Δ2 otu+Δ3 otuhs.PN otuT:Avic\GFP otuT:Ivir\HA1 Phenotype manifest in Allele dorsal appendage otu11 dorsal appendage | ectopic otu7 otu9 egg otu11 otu7 otu9 egg chamber otu10 otu11 otu14 otu2 otu5 otu7 otuPΔ5 egg chamber, with Scer\GAL4nos.PG, Scer\GAL4nos.UTR.T:Hsim\VP16, Scer\GAL4otu.T:Hsim\VP16 otudsRNA.shRNA.Scer\UAS fusome otu11 otu13 otuPΔ3 germarium otu11 germline cell otu10 otu14 otu98.hs otuPΔ3 otuPΔ5 otuhs.PN nuclear chromosome otu14 otu5 otu7 nurse cell otu11 otu14 otu3 otu5 otu7 otuPΔ2 otuPΔ5 nurse cell & nuclear chromosome otu14 otu5 otu7 nurse cell & nuclear chromosome (with otu11) otu13 nurse cell & nuclear chromosome (with otu13) otu11 nurse cell & nucleus otu7 nurse cell ring canal otu13 otuPΔ3 nurse follicle cell otu1 oocyte otu3 otuPΔ2 otuPΔ5 ovariole otu1 otu10 otu11 otu12 otu13 otu14 otu15 otu16 otu17 otu2 otu3 otu4 otu5 otu6 otu7 otu8 otu9 otuPΔ4 otuPΔ6 ovary otu1 otu10 otu11 otu13 otu14 otu17 otu2 otu21 otu3 otu5 otu7 otuPΔ2 otuPΔ3 otuSuWs ovary | adult stage otu1 polytene chromosome band & nurse cell | ectopic otu11
Classical Alleles ( 40 )
For All Classical Alleles Show
Allele of otu Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion otu11 ethyl methanesulfonate 2 Yes otu1 hypomorphic allele - genetic evidence ethyl methanesulfonate 2 -- otu2 ethyl methanesulfonate 2 -- otu7 hypomorphic allele - genetic evidence ethyl methanesulfonate 2 Yes otu12 ethyl methanesulfonate 1 -- otu13 hypomorphic allele - genetic evidence ethyl methanesulfonate 1 Yes otu14 hypomorphic allele - genetic evidence ethyl methanesulfonate 1 Yes otu4 ethyl methanesulfonate 1 -- otu5 ethyl methanesulfonate 1 Yes otu6 ethyl methanesulfonate 1 -- otuf02343 piggyBac transposase 1 -- otuPΔ5 hypomorphic allele - genetic evidence PM hybrid dysgenesis 1 Yes otu10 hypomorphic allele - genetic evidence ethyl methanesulfonate 0 Yes otu139 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- otu15 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- otu16 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- otu17 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 Yes otu18 PM hybrid dysgenesis 0 Yes otu19 PM hybrid dysgenesis 0 Yes otu20 hypomorphic allele - genetic evidence PM hybrid dysgenesis 0 Yes otu21 PM hybrid dysgenesis P-element activity 0 Yes otu3 hypomorphic allele - genetic evidence ethyl methanesulfonate 0 Yes otu55 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- otu67 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- otu8 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- otu9 hypomorphic allele - genetic evidence ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- otuf07971 piggyBac transposase 0 -- otuPR13 PM hybrid dysgenesis 0 Yes otuPR14 PM hybrid dysgenesis 0 Yes otuPR15 PM hybrid dysgenesis 0 Yes otuPR4A PM hybrid dysgenesis 0 Yes otuPR5 PM hybrid dysgenesis 0 Yes otuPR7 PM hybrid dysgenesis 0 Yes otuPR9 PM hybrid dysgenesis 0 Yes otuPΔ2 hypomorphic allele - genetic evidence P-element activity PM hybrid dysgenesis 0 Yes otuPΔ3 hypomorphic allele - genetic evidence P-element activity PM hybrid dysgenesis 0 Yes otuPΔ4 PM hybrid dysgenesis 0 Yes otuPΔ6 PM hybrid dysgenesis 0 Yes otuSuWs spontaneous 0 -- otuunspecified 0 --
Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs ( 23 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Allele of otu Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion otuGD7817 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 3 Yes otuHMS00038 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 1 Yes otu+t5.4 in vitro construct - genomic fragment 0 Yes otu+t853 in vitro construct - genomic fragment 0 Yes otu+Δ1 in vitro construct - deletion 0 Yes otu+Δ2 in vitro construct - deletion 0 Yes otu+Δ3 in vitro construct - deletion 0 Yes otu104.H in vitro construct 0 Yes otu104 in vitro construct - coding region fusion 0 Yes otu250 in vitro construct - site directed mutagenesis 0 Yes otu338 in vitro construct - site directed mutagenesis 0 Yes otu380 in vitro construct - site directed mutagenesis 0 Yes otu423 in vitro construct - site directed mutagenesis 0 Yes otu627 in vitro construct - site directed mutagenesis 0 Yes otu98.hs in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes otu98 in vitro construct 0 Yes otudsRNA.shRNA.Scer\UAS in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes otuhs.PN in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - genomic fragment 0 Yes otuKK100532 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes otuR2.8 in vitro construct - genomic fragment 0 Yes otuT:Avic\GFP in vitro construct - coding region fusion 0 Yes otuT:Ivir\HA1 in vitro construct - coding region fusion 0 Yes otuΔ4 in vitro construct - deletion 0 Yes
Aneuploid Aberrations
Disrupted in	Df(1)BSC591 (Cook et al., 2008.9.3) Df(1)BSC592 (Cook et al., 2008.9.3) Df(1)BSC662 (Cook et al., 2008.12.28) Df(1)BSC721 (Christensen et al., 2008.12.28) Df(1)BSC825 (Christensen et al., 2009.6.15) Df(1)KA14 (King et al., 1986, Pauli et al., 1993) Df(1)otu-PΔ1 (Hinson et al., 1999, Hinson and Nagoshi, 2002, Sass et al., 1993, Geyer et al., 1993) Df(1)RA2 (Geyer et al., 1993, Pauli et al., 1993)
Duplicated in	Dp(1;3)DC192 (Popodi et al., 2010-) Dp(1;3)DC193 (Popodi et al., 2010-)
Transgenic Constructs & Insertions
Transgenic Constructs
	Type of construct Name Expression data reporter construct P{otu-lacZ.act} No P{otu-lacZ.b} No P{otu-lacZ.C} No P{otu-lacZ.Co} No P{otu-lacZ.E75A} No P{otu-lacZ.g1} No P{otu-lacZ.g2} No P{otu-lacZ.g3} No P{otu-lacZ.g3m} No P{otu-lacZ.L} No P{otu-lacZ.lam} No P{otu-lacZ.m1} No P{otu-lacZ.R} No P{otu-lacZ.snf} No P{otu-lacZ.stil} No P{otu-lacZ.swa} No P{otu-lacZ.swad} No P{otu-lacZ.swai} No P{otu-lacZ.swat} No P{otu-lacZ.swb2} No P{otu-lacZ.swb} No P{otu-lacZ.swba} No P{otu-lacZ.swbi} No P{otu-lacZ.wt} No P{otu-lacZ.Δ1} No P{otu-lacZ.Δ2} No P{otu-lacZ.Δ3} No P{otu-lacZ.Δpm} No P{otu-lacZ.Δpmg} No UAS construct P{GD7817} NA P{KK100532} NA P{TRiP.HMS00038} NA P{UAS-otu.shRNA} NA heat-shock construct P{hs-otu.98} NA P{hs-otu.N} NA characterization construct P{otu1} NA P{otu-98} NA P{otu-104} NA P{otu-250} NA P{otu-338} NA P{otu-380} NA P{otu-423} NA P{otu-627} NA P{otu-853} NA P{otu.GFP.G} NA P{otu104.H} NA P{otu-HA1} NA P{otuΔ1} NA P{otuΔ2} NA P{otuΔ3} NA P{otuΔ4} NA
Insertions
	Type of insertions Name Expression data miscellaneous insertions P{}otu18 NA P{}otu19 NA P{}otu20 NA P{}otu21 NA P{}otuPR5 NA P{}otuPR15 NA P{SUPor-P}CG33181KG07712 NA PBac{WH}otuf02343 NA PBac{WH}otuf07971 NA
Gene Ontology: Function, Process & Cellular Component ( 8 unique terms )
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence ( 1 term )
Molecular Function ( 0 terms)
Biological Process
CV term Evidence References
positive regulation of DNA endoreduplication inferred from mutant phenotype (Koryakov et al., 2003)
Cellular Component ( 0 terms)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions ( 7 terms )
Molecular Function ( 0 terms)
Biological Process
CV term Evidence References
chromosome organization traceable author statement (Deng and Lin, 2001) female germ-line sex determination non-traceable author statement (Williamson and Lehmann, 1996) germ cell development non-traceable author statement (Swiss-Prot Project Members, 1989.3.1) traceable author statement (Fuller, 1998, Deng and Lin, 2001) germ-line cyst formation traceable author statement (Deng and Lin, 2001) germ-line sex determination traceable author statement (Deng and Lin, 2001) oogenesis traceable author statement (Perrimon et al., 1986, Mahowald, 2001)
Cellular Component
CV term Evidence References
cytoplasm non-traceable author statement (Swiss-Prot Project Members, 1989.3.1)
Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene
	nuclear_gene   protein_coding_gene
Interactions & Pathways
Summary of Physical Interactions
Protein-protein
Interacting group Assay References
Summary of Genetic Interactions
Interacts with	Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions otu allele Gene References otu1 enc (Van Buskirk and Schupbach, 2002) otu2 Sxl (Bae et al., 1994) otu7 enc (Van Buskirk and Schupbach, 2002) otu10 Sxl (Bae et al., 1994) otu11 ct (Jackson and Berg, 1999) cup (Keyes and Spradling, 1997) enc (Van Buskirk and Schupbach, 2002) Sxl (Bae et al., 1994) otu13 Sxl (Bae et al., 1994) otu104.H tra (Hinson and Nagoshi, 1999) otu104 pUf68 (Van Buskirk and Schupbach, 2002) sqd (Goodrich et al., 2004) otuhs.PN ovo (Hinson et al., 1999) tra (Hinson and Nagoshi, 1999) unspecified Sxl (Parkhurst et al., 1990) tra (Waterbury et al., 2000)
External Data
Linkouts	BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions • 58248 DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions. • FBgn0003023 InterologFinder Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets. • 31789
Orthologs
Genome-wide drosophilid orthologs	Dana\GF22579 Dere\GG19044 Dgri\GH12503 Dmoj\GI14856 Dper\GL20244 Dpse\GA26950 Dwil\GK19888 Dyak\GE17448
Curated drosophilid orthologs	Dpse\GA11783   Dsec\otu (Legrand et al., 2009) Dsim\otu (Begun, 2000.4.5)
Linkouts	InParanoid A subset of ortholog calls from InParanoid. • 63818 Branchiostoma floridae (lancelet) ENSBTAP00000026452 Bos taurus (bovine) ENSCAFP00000011309 Canis familiaris (dog) ENSCPOP00000019111 Cavia porcellus (guinea pig) 222830 Capitella spl (polychaete worm) DDB0169142 Dictyostelium discoideum (amoeba) 299567 Daphnia pulex (daphnia) ENSDARP00000091165 Danio rerio (zebra fish) ENSECAP00000020939 Equus caballus (horse) ENSGALP00000012946 Gallus gallus (chicken) ENSP00000378260 Homo sapiens (human) ISCW018517-PA Ixodes scapularis (deer tick) 165607 Lottia gigantea (owl limpet) ENSMUSP00000042810 Mus musculus (house mouse) ENSOANP00000021938 Ornithorynchus anatinus (platypus) ENSORLP00000025868 Oryzias latipes (japanese killifish) PHUM010247-PA Pediculus humanus (human body louse) ENSPPYP00000023103 Pongo pygmaeus (orangutan) ENSPTRP00000057078 Pan troglodytes (chimpanzee) ENSTNIP00000007282 Tetraodon nigroviridis (green spotted pufferfish) ENSTRUP00000034093 Takifugu rubripes (pufferfish Takifugu) 3689.m00189 Tetrahymena thermophila (ciliate protozoa) OrthoDB (Arthropod subset) The hierarchical catalog of eukaryotic orthologs. • PB11469 LH17000 ISCW018517 FBgn0234915 FBgn0221886 FBgn0206660 FBgn0041659 FBgn0176160 JGI_V11_299567 FBgn0248321 FBgn0157839 FBgn0137607 FBgn0121217 FBgn0119982 FBgn0111250 FBgn0099573 CPIJ017940 BGIBMGA011335 ACYPI29698 AGAP004972 AGAP004973 AGAP000835 AAEL013659 PHUM492030 GLEAN_00504
Stocks & Reagents
Stocks Listed in FlyBase ( 20 )
Bloomington	3146 otu7/FM7c 6025 otu14/FM3 3022 ctn otu1 v24/FM3 34065 y1 v1; P{TRiP.HMS00038}attP2
Harvard	- PBac{WH}otuf02343
Kyoto	106878 otu7/FM7c 106786 ctn otu1 v24/FM3 101095 FM3 / y1 cv1 otu12 101240 y1 cv1 otuPΔ5 / In(1)FM7
VDRC	v20259 w1118 P{GD7817}v20259 v47431 w1118; P{GD7817}v47431/TM3 v47432 w1118; P{GD7817}v47432/TM3
	More stocks available...
Genomic Clones ( 1 )
	BACR17J10 Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete
cDNA Clones ( 30 )
	Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see GBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.
cDNA Clones, Fully Sequenced
BDGP DGC clones	RE64188
Other clones	RE75231
cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
BDGP DGC clones	RE25726 RE27875 RE32021 RE38231 RE58081 RE62841 RE65933 RH50331
Other clones	192585 CK01.23B.E9 CK01.23C.E11 Dmel_neb_014651_0885_1075 EK295634 MB6-CG12743-RC RP004126649 RP004132035 RP004215490 RP004221570 RP004230785 RP004392225 RP004438447 RP004495487 RP004497129 RP004506696 RP004518752 RP004549721 RP004553745 UUGC0478
RNAi & Array Information
Linkouts	DRSC - Results from RNAi screens. • FBgn0003023 GenomeRNAi - GenomeRNAi – A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents • 31789
Antibody Information
	polyclonal (Steinhauer et al., 1989, Steinhauer and Kalfayan, 1992, Steinhauer and Kalfayan, 1992) polyclonal antibody (Goodrich et al., 2004)
Other Information
Discoverer
Etymology
Identification
Relationship to Other Genes
Source for database identity of
Source for database merge of
Additional comments	Heteroallelic combinations usually produce intermediate phenotypes, but some show partial complementation. (King, 1992)
Other Comments
	Gene expression is increased in response to the presence of either one or two copies of Scer\GAL4hs.PB. (Liu and Lehmann, 2008) dsRNA made from templates generated with primers directed against this gene is tested in an RNAi screen for effects on actin-based lamella formation. (Rogers et al., 2003) An ovo protein binding site near the otu transcription start site is required for ovo-dependent otu transcription in vivo. (Lu and Oliver, 2001) otu is required during pupal and adult stages for the cystocyte divisions that give rise to the egg chamber. otu may also have a role in other oogenic functions. (Hinson et al., 1999) otu is required for the organisation of actin filaments during multiple stages of oogenesis. (Rodesch et al., 1997) Female germ cells do not require otu function for survival before pupariation. (Staab and Steinmann-Zwicky, 1996) Variation of a microsatellite within the otu locus has been studied in North American populations of D.melanogaster. (Goldstein and Clark, 1995) The pseudonurse cells of otu mutants give rise to polytene chromosomes. Nurse cell-specific genes are functional in the pseudonurse cells, but the transport of pum, otu, ovo and bcd RNAs to the cytoplasm is affected. The nuclear localisation of otu and pum mRNA correlates with chromosome polytenisation. (Heino et al., 1995) otu and ovo are required cell autonomously in the female germline for germ cell proliferation and differentiation. XY germ cells do not require otu when developing in testes, but become dependent on otu function for proliferation when placed in an ovary. The requirement for ovo is dependent on a cell autonomous signal derived from the X:A ratio. The differential regulation of the otu and ovo genes provides a mechanism for the female germline to incorporate both somatic and cell-autonomous inputs required for oogenesis. (Nagoshi et al., 1995) Alleles of otu can partially enhance the mutant phenotype of ovoD2/+ heterozygous ovaries. (Pauli et al., 1995) Examination of embryonic gonads indicates that reduction in zygotic otu activity sufficient to cause agametic adult ovaries does not affect the proliferation or viability of the embryonic germline. Pupal gonads fail to produce egg chambers indicating that the agametic adult phenotype is caused by a block in oogenesis before cyst formation, rather than the degeneration of existing egg chambers. otu function is not essential for germline viability before pupariation but is required in the pupal and adult ovaries. otu activity is limited to prepupal stages is not sufficient to support oogenesis, induction during pupal and adult stages causes suppression of the otu mutant phenotype. (Rodesch et al., 1995) The 104kD isoform of otu is required for normal proliferation of female germline cells and perhaps for oocyte differentiation. The 98kD isoform appears to be dispensible but can provide an otu function needed for the completion of oocyte maturation. (Sass et al., 1995) ovo, otu, snf and Sxl are not involved in the early events of germline sex determination, but are required later, during metamorphosis or in the adult for oogenesis. (Staab and Steinmann-Zwicky, 1995) Tumorous cells produced by otu mutants are capable of female-specific transcription and RNA processing indicating the ovarian cells retain some female identity. It is proposed that mutations do not cause male transformation of the female germ line but instead either cause an ambiguous sexual identity or block specific stages of oogenesis. (Bae et al., 1994) The 98kD isoform of otu is sufficient to allow proliferation of female germ cells during early oogenesis and is also involved in later stages of oogenesis. The 104kD isoform of otu is required for the differentiation of nurse cell and oocytes by some mechanism that involves Sxl. The 98kD isoform differs from the 104kD isoform in that it appears to act independently of Sxl. (Bae et al., 1994) Mutants display germline hyperplastic phenotype. (Mechler, 1994) Partial germline sex transformation occurs in otu, snf, Sxl and bam ovarian tumors. (Wei et al., 1994) Phenotypic complexity of otu mutant ovaries is due to a dosage-dependent requirement for otu activity. (Geyer et al., 1993) Reciprocal cross and expression analysis suggest a maternal requirement for otu+ in the development of the female germline. (Geyer et al., 1993) The genetic hierarchy regulating female germ-line sex determination includes tra, tra2, dsx, fu, otu, ovo, snf and Sxl. otu+, ovo+ and snf+ activities are required for female-specific Sxl+ pre-mRNA splicing within 2X germ-line cells. (Oliver et al., 1993) Mutant germ cells in otu ovaries have a morphology similar to primary spermatocytes and express male-specific reporter genes and have male-type Sxl splicing. (Pauli et al., 1993) otu acts upstream of Sxl in germline sex determination. Gene dosage studies demonstrate additional interaction with mutations at the ovo locus. (Pauli et al., 1993) Molecular analysis of otu locus and alleles reveals that the absence of otu function produces the most severe QUI class of phenotype (i.e. produce ovarioles lacking in germ cells), while the ONC mutants ( which produce cystocytes that continue dividing and form tumors) express lower levels of otu than those of the DIF class (which produce chambers containing only 'pseudonurse' cells). (Sass et al., 1993) otu gene product performs several functions during oogenesis. (Tirronen et al., 1993) Effects of otu mutations on male fertility were studied: there is a strong correlation between male sterility and severity of impairment in the female phenotype. Spermatogenesis is apparently normal, and male sterility was shown to be a consequence of failure in mating behaviour where wild type females refuse to react to the courtship attempts of mutant males. (Tirronen et al., 1993) Most cystocytes undergo complete cytokinesis and there are defects in the construction and functioning of the polyfusomal system during the cycles of cystocyte divisions. (Storto and King, 1989) Mutant nurse cells that fail to pump their cytoplasm into the oocytes are also unable to form a system of actin microfilament bundles in their cortical cytoplasm during stage 10B. (Storto and King, 1988) The banding pattern of pseudonurse cell polytenes is similar to that of the polytenes from larval salivary gland cells. (Sinha et al., 1987, Heino, 1989) The 3' ends of Cp36 and otu map within 5kb of each other. (Spradling et al., 1987) otu is required for establishment of ovarian germ cells, for correct division of the germ cells and for normal development within the 15 nurse cell-oocyte syncytium. (Perrimon et al., 1986) Oocyte differentiation is destabilized in certain otu alleles. (King et al., 1985) Homozygous females are defective in proliferation, differentiation, or maturation of the germ line, depending on the level of activity of the particular allele. So-called quiescent alleles (QUI) produce ovarioles lacking in germ cells; oncogenic alleles (ONC) produce cystocytes that continue dividing and form tumors; differentiated alleles (DIF) produce chambers containing only 'pseudonurse' cells (PNCs) or nurse cell/oocyte (NC/O) syncytia. In these, transport of nurse cell cytoplasm to the oocyte is inhibited and chambers are arrested at a pseudo-12 stage. (Bishop and King, 1984) Drosophila nurse cells normally undergo nine or ten cycles of DNA replication and the chromatids dissociate so that each nucleus is filled with a jumbled mass of oligotene threads. In otu pseudonurse cells, the chromatids remain in register, generating banded polytene chromosomes. The largest polytenes have undergone 12 cycles of endonuclear replication. (Rasch et al., 1984) Drosophila nurse cells normally undergo nine or ten cycles of DNA replication and the chromatids dissociate so that each nucleus is filled with a jumbled mass of oligotene threads. In otu pseudonurse cells, the chromatids remain in register, generating banded polytene chromosomes. (Dabbs and King, 1980) The proportions of ovarioles with the different phenotypes appear to reflect the level of function of the particular allele; homozygotes are less severely affected than hemizygotes; similarly, the levels of function of certain alleles decline as the developmental temperature is raised. (King, 1979)
External Crossreferences & Linkouts
Sequence Crossreferences
	RefSeq (Transcripts) • NM_078534 NM_167158 NM_206656 RefSeq (Proteins) • NP_511089 NP_727271 NP_996379 DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank • AAA28740 AAF46384 AAF97987 AAL49210 AAN09234 AAS65286 AY071588 BI481608 CAA31983 CZ484847 CZ490662 M30825 X13693 Entrez Gene - A searchable database of RefSeq genes. • 31789 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot • P10383
Other Crossreferences
	InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites • Tudor subgroup (IPR018351) Tudor domain (IPR002999) Ovarian tumour, otubain (IPR003323)
Linkouts
	BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions • 58248 DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions. • FBgn0003023 DRSC - Results from RNAi screens. • FBgn0003023 FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies • FBgn0003023 FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array • CG12743-RA FlyMine - Integrated genomics database for Drosophila, Anopheles, and C.elegans • FBgn0003023 GenomeRNAi - GenomeRNAi – A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents • 31789 InParanoid A subset of ortholog calls from InParanoid. • 63818 Branchiostoma floridae (lancelet) ENSBTAP00000026452 Bos taurus (bovine) ENSCAFP00000011309 Canis familiaris (dog) ENSCPOP00000019111 Cavia porcellus (guinea pig) 222830 Capitella spl (polychaete worm) DDB0169142 Dictyostelium discoideum (amoeba) 299567 Daphnia pulex (daphnia) ENSDARP00000091165 Danio rerio (zebra fish) ENSECAP00000020939 Equus caballus (horse) ENSGALP00000012946 Gallus gallus (chicken) ENSP00000378260 Homo sapiens (human) ISCW018517-PA Ixodes scapularis (deer tick) 165607 Lottia gigantea (owl limpet) ENSMUSP00000042810 Mus musculus (house mouse) ENSOANP00000021938 Ornithorynchus anatinus (platypus) ENSORLP00000025868 Oryzias latipes (japanese killifish) PHUM010247-PA Pediculus humanus (human body louse) ENSPPYP00000023103 Pongo pygmaeus (orangutan) ENSPTRP00000057078 Pan troglodytes (chimpanzee) ENSTNIP00000007282 Tetraodon nigroviridis (green spotted pufferfish) ENSTRUP00000034093 Takifugu rubripes (pufferfish Takifugu) 3689.m00189 Tetrahymena thermophila (ciliate protozoa) Interactive Fly - A cyberspace guide to Drosophila development and metazoan evolution • /cytoskel/ovrntmr1.htm InterologFinder Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets. • 31789 modMine - Data generated by the modENCODE project. • FBgn0003023 OrthoDB (Arthropod subset) The hierarchical catalog of eukaryotic orthologs. • PB11469 LH17000 ISCW018517 FBgn0234915 FBgn0221886 FBgn0206660 FBgn0041659 FBgn0176160 JGI_V11_299567 FBgn0248321 FBgn0157839 FBgn0137607 FBgn0121217 FBgn0119982 FBgn0111250 FBgn0099573 CPIJ017940 BGIBMGA011335 ACYPI29698 AGAP004972 AGAP004973 AGAP000835 AAEL013659 PHUM492030 GLEAN_00504 REDfly - A database of transcriptional regulatory elements. • FBgn0003023
Synonyms & Secondary IDs ( 15 )
Reported As
Symbol Synonym	CG12743 (Bhutkar et al., 2008, Rogers et al., 2003, Keleman et al., 2009.8.5, Ni et al., 2011.7.19) DROOTUA (Rand et al., 2000) fs(1)23l (Mechler, 1994) fs(1)231 (Watson et al., 1994, Gateff and Mechler, 1989, Perrimon et al., 1986, Mohler and Carroll, 1984, Gateff, 1978) fs(1)jA265   fs(1)M101 (Perrimon et al., 1986, Mohler and Carroll, 1984) fs(1)otu (Spradling, 1995.8.11) K (Spradling et al., 1987, Parks et al., 1986, ) otu (Bhutkar et al., 2008, Neuman-Silberberg, 2007, Casper and Van Doren, 2006, Smith and Oliver, 2008, Kalamegham and Oliver, 2008, Koryakov et al., 2003, Liu and Lehmann, 2008, Cook et al., 2008.9.3, Cook et al., 2008.9.3, Ueyama and Fuyama, 2003, Cook et al., 2008.12.28, Christensen et al., 2008.12.28, Tadros et al., 2007, Kalifa et al., 2009, Xie et al., 2005, Sun and Cline, 2009, Christensen et al., 2009.6.15, Casper and Van Doren, 2009, Popodi et al., 2010-, Klusza and Deng, 2010, Gigliotti et al., 2000, Graveley et al., 2011, Ni et al., 2011) OTU (Makarova et al., 2000) Otu (Lee et al., 2009, Chintapalli et al., 2007) unnamed (Wieschaus et al., 1981)
Name Synonym	ovarian tumor (Casper and Van Doren, 2006, Ueyama and Fuyama, 2003, Tadros et al., 2007, Kalifa et al., 2009, Sun and Cline, 2009, Casper and Van Doren, 2009, Klusza and Deng, 2010, Casper and Doren, 2007, Ni et al., 2011) Ovarian tumor (Rogers et al., 2003) Ovarian tumour (Lee et al., 2009)
Secondary FlyBase IDs
References ( 216 )
Generate a list of	All references relating to this gene ( 216 )
List References by type	Research paper  ( 115 ) Supplementary material  ( 5 ) Review  ( 33 ) Personal communication to FlyBase  ( 12 ) Abstract  ( 39 ) Protein sequence record  ( 1 ) Book  ( 3 ) Computer file  ( 4 ) DNA/RNA sequence record  ( 1 ) Biography  ( 1 ) Letter  ( 1 )
Recent research papers ( 3 )
	Graveley et al., 2011, Nature 471(7339): 473--479 The developmental transcriptome of Drosophila melanogaster. [FBrf0213330] Ni et al., 2011, Nat. Methods 8(5): 405--407 A genome-scale shRNA resource for transgenic RNAi in Drosophila. [FBrf0213581] Klusza and Deng, 2010, Fly 4(2): 128--136 poly is required for nurse-cell chromosome dispersal and oocyte polarity in Drosophila. [FBrf0211064] Show all research papers ...
Recent reviews ( 1 )
	Arkov and Ramos, 2010, Trends Cell Biol. 20(8): 482--490 Building RNA-protein granules: insight from the germline. [FBrf0212430] Show all reviews ...