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Gene Dmel\Pgm

General Information
Symbol	Dmel\Pgm	Species	D. melanogaster
Name	phosphoglucose mutase	Annotation symbol	CG5165
Feature type	protein_coding_gene	FlyBase ID	FBgn0003076
Gene Model Status	Current	Stock availability	9 publicly available
Also Known As	PGM-1
Genomic Location
Chromosome (arm)	3L	Recombination map	3-
Cytogenetic map	72D8-72D8	Sequence location	3L:16,119,118..16,121,631 [-]
Genomic Maps Select View:Gene Models/EvidenceExpression/RegulationMegaViewGene Disruptions, Stocks and Reagents Beta	Decorated FastA GenBankGFF Gene region Extended Gene region CDSIntronsExonsTranslationsTranscripts3' UTR5' UTR
Summary Information
Automatically generated summary See sections below for more information	The gene phosphoglucose mutase is referred to in FlyBase by the symbol Dmel\Pgm (CG5165, FBgn0003076). It is a protein_coding_gene from Drosophila melanogaster. There is experimental evidence that it has the molecular function: phosphoglycerate mutase activity; phosphoglucomutase activity. There is experimental evidence that it is involved in the biological process: lateral inhibition; glycogen biosynthetic process; flight. 65 alleles are reported. The phenotype of these alleles is annotated with: chaeta. It has one annotated transcript and one annotated polypeptide. Protein features are: Alpha-D-phosphohexomutase superfamily; Alpha-D-phosphohexomutase, C-terminal; Alpha-D-phosphohexomutase, alpha/beta/alpha I/II/III; Alpha-D-phosphohexomutase, alpha/beta/alpha domain I; Alpha-D-phosphohexomutase, alpha/beta/alpha domain II; Alpha-D-phosphohexomutase, alpha/beta/alpha domain III; Alpha-D-phosphohexomutase, conserved site. Summary of modENCODE Temporal Expression Profile: Temporal profile ranges from a peak of very high expression to a trough of moderate expression. Peak expression observed within 18-24 hour embryonic stages, at stages throughout the larval period, in stages of adults of both sexes. Summary of FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data: Nearly all larval and adult organs/tissues expressed at moderate or high levels. Expression at high levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult head, adult eye, larval central nervous system, adult crop, adult hindgut, larval/adult Malpighian tubules, adult heart, larval/adult fat body, adult salivary gland, adult spermathecae, larval/adult carcass. Expression at moderate levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult central nervous system, larval/adult midgut, larval hindgut, larval salivary gland, larval trachea, adult ovary, adult male accessory gland. Comments on Affy2 ProbeSet: ProbeSet 1633803_at completely aligns to an exonic region of the only FlyBase-annotated transcript isoform of Pgm. Gene sequence location is 3L:16119118..16121631.
User Contributed Data
	Beta version, feedback welcome
Phenotypic Description from the Red Book (Lindsley & Zimm 1992)
Gene/Allele symbols may differ from current usage	Pgm: Phosphoglucomutase Structural gene for the glycolytic enzyme phosphoglucomutase [PGM (E.C. 2.7.5.1)], a monomeric protein of 56,000 daltons. Two frequently-occurring electrophoretic variants were isolated and studied by Hjorth (1970a,b) and Trippa et al. (1970, 1971). Later five low-frequency variants were found by Trippa's group (see references in table of alleles). One null allele found in a total of 431 alleles collected in Great Britain (Langley, Voelker, Leigh-Brown, Ohnishi, Dickson, and Montgomery, 1981, Genetics 99: 151-56).
Recent Updates
Description	What does this section display? This section contains items that were added to this record for each release. It currently only tracks new links between this FlyBase report and other FlyBase data classes (e.g. genes, references, stocks) or controlled vocabulary terms (e.g. GO, anatomy terms). What does this section not display? This section does not currently display links that were removed or gene model changes.
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FB2013_03
FB2013_02	Controlled Vocabulary Terms galactose catabolic process trehalose biosynthetic process cytosol
All updates	Click here to see a list of all updates to this record from FB2010_08 and on.
Detailed Mapping Data
FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Evidence for location 72D8-72D8   Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{lacW}thj5C8&P{PZ}Mbs03802 and P{lacW}SsRβs1939
Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Notes References 72D7-72D7     (Verrelli, 2000.7.27)
Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
Location	3- (Choudhary et al., 1992)
Left of (cM)	st (Hjorth, 1970, Trippa et al., 1971)
Right of (cM)	Gl (Trippa et al., 1971) th (Hjorth, 1970)
Notes
Gene Model & Products
Please see the GBrowse view of Dmel\Pgm for information on other features To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form
Comments on Gene Model
	Gene model reviewed during 5.46
Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name FlyBase ID RefSeq ID Length (nt) Associated CDS (aa) Pgm-RA FBtr0075492  NM_079936   1843   560
Additional Transcript Data & Comments
Reported size (kB)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name FlyBase ID Predicted MW (kDa) Length (aa) Theoretical pI RefSeq ID GenBank protein Pgm-PA   FBpp0075247   60.8   560   6.68     NP_524675   AAF49533
Additional Polypeptide Data & Comments
Reported size (kDa)	958 (aa) (Li, 1992)
Comments
External Data
Linkouts
Crossreferences	InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites • Alpha-D-phosphohexomutase superfamily (IPR005841) Alpha-D-phosphohexomutase, C-terminal (IPR005843) Alpha-D-phosphohexomutase, alpha/beta/alpha domain I (IPR005844) Alpha-D-phosphohexomutase, alpha/beta/alpha domain II (IPR005845) Alpha-D-phosphohexomutase, alpha/beta/alpha domain III (IPR005846) Alpha-D-phosphohexomutase, alpha/beta/alpha I/II/III (IPR016055) Alpha-D-phosphohexomutase, conserved site (IPR016066)
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank	DNA sequence Protein sequence Name AA538760   AA697429   AA698430   AA698432   AA698439   AE014296 AAF49533   AF290313 AAG44900   AF290314 AAG44901   AF290315 AAG44902   AF290316 AAG44903   AF290317 AAG44904   AF290318 AAG44905   AF290319 AAG44906   AF290320 AAG44907   AF290321 AAG44908   AF290322 AAG44909   AF290323 AAG44910   AF290324 AAG44911   AF290325 AAG44912   AF290326 AAG44913   AF290327 AAG44914   AF290328 AAG44915   AF290329 AAG44916   AF290330 AAG44917   AF290331 AAG44918   AF290332 AAG44919   AF290333 AAG44920   AF290334 AAG44921   AF290335 AAG44922   AF290336 AAG44923   AF290337 AAG44924   AF290338 AAG44925   AF290339 AAG44926   AF290340 AAG44927   AF290341 AAG44928   AF290342 AAG44929   AF290343 AAG44930   AF290344 AAG44931   AF290345 AAG44932   AF290346 AAG44933   AF290347 AAG44934   AF290348 AAG44935   AF290349 AAG44936   AF290350 AAG44937   AF290351 AAG44938   AF290352 AAG44939   AF290353 AAG44940   AF290354 AAG44941   AF290355 AAG44942   AF290356 AAG44943   AF416981 AAL08565   AF416982 AAL08566   AF416983 AAL08567   AF416984 AAL08568   AI062702   AI108077   AI108152   AI109313   AI113724   AI114104   AI134005   AI134118   AI134481   AI134742   AI135514   AI238123   AI238269   AI238999   AI292719   AI295513   AI386682   AI386728   AI388647   AI402840   AI404740   AI404946   AI456275   AI456291   AI513245   AI514209   AI532913   AW943330   BF501432   BI169456   BI235277   BI242658   BI353742   BI356404   BI356729   BI362391   BI636273   BP547908   BP548103   BT010043 AAQ22512   BX009490   BX039917   BX041695   BX068825   CK658153   CK659315   CK661323   CK662303   CO265063   CO269588   CO272205   CO315822   CO316615   CO320971   DU708649   EC068621   EC077878   EC203903   EC210180   EC215329   EC217940   EC220662   EC236794   EC243277   EC250630   EL874280   EL878482   EL883397   ES690505   EV576866   EV580467   EV600394   GH752306   GH753279   GH755571   GH756041   GH757068   GH758614   GH772068   GH775938   GH782258   GH783819   GH788310   GH788979   GH792233   GH793801   GH793982   GH794716   GH799032   GH800369   GH800907   GH802503   GH803685   GH807501   GH812852   GH813334   GH815136   GH817137   GH817197   GH817851   GH823803   GH824745   GH829930   GH832556   GH834832   GH836441   GH840783   GH840891   GH841991   GH842085   GH844683   GH845520   GH846545   GH849511   GH849612   GH854140   GH854366   GH855747   GH856843   GH857501   GH858406   GH859413   GH862632   GH862923   GH863340   GH870797   GH871666   GH871685   GH873285   GH874614   GH876084   GH878502   GH880559   GH882924   GH883927   GH884591   GH884881   GH886780   GH886915   GH891650   GH891946   GH895153   GH895230   GH895405   GH895852   GH896047   GH897679   GH897912   GH898501   GH901305   GH905942   GH906793   GH908006   GH909341   GH910484   GH913984   GH914794   GH915784   GH918815   GH919698   GH920003   GH922158   GH923175   GH923660   GH924906   GH926837   GH935602   GH935681
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot	Q9VUY9
UniProtKB/TrEMBL
Mapped Features
Mapped Features have been reorganized, please see this article for details. Additional mapped features and mutations can be found on GBrowse or related reports. Type Symbol & Location Additional Notes References
External Data
Linkouts
Crossreferences
Expression Data
Transcript Expression
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Polypeptide Expression
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
Subcellular Localization (GO Cellular Component)
CV term Evidence References
Expression Deduced from Reporters
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools
Reference	See Gelbart and Emmert, 2010.10.13 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
FlyAtlas Anatomy Microarray
FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data (FlyAtlas-RNA.adult) (FlyAtlas-RNA.larva)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap Back-to-back    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High level expression bin max Very high expression bin max Summary of FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data: Nearly all larval and adult organs/tissues expressed at moderate or high levels. Expression at high levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult head, adult eye, larval central nervous system, adult crop, adult hindgut, larval/adult Malpighian tubules, adult heart, larval/adult fat body, adult salivary gland, adult spermathecae, larval/adult carcass. Expression at moderate levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult central nervous system, larval/adult midgut, larval hindgut, larval salivary gland, larval trachea, adult ovary, adult male accessory gland. [download data (TSV)] Guide to FlyAtlas expression level colors   No expression (0 - 9.999)   Low expression (10 - 99.999)   Moderate expression (100 - 499.999)   High level expression (500 - 999.999)   Very high expression (>999.999) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    640.375 Larval Midgut    139.6 Larval Hindgut    298.6 Larval Malpighian Tubules    1314 Larval Fat Body    677.4 Larval Salivary Gland    446 Larval Trachea    263.875 Larval Carcass    2782.45 Adult Head    1182.1 Adult Eye    1080.525 Adult Brain    361 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    359.5 Adult Crop    799.6 Adult Midgut    208.1 Adult Hindgut    921.7 Adult Malpighian Tubules    4089.9 Adult Fat Body    4068.6 Adult Salivary Gland    687.6 Adult Heart    2727.5 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    4744 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    4307.1 Adult Ovary    443.3 Adult Testis    38.8 Adult Male Accessory Gland    201.2 Adult Carcass    2954.1 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System  (640.375) Larval Midgut    139.6 Larval Hindgut    298.6 Larval Malpighian Tubules  (1314) Larval Fat Body  (677.4) Larval Salivary Gland    446 Larval Trachea    263.875 Larval Carcass  (2782.45) Adult Head  (1182.1) Adult Eye  (1080.525) Adult Brain    361 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    359.5 Adult Crop  (799.6) Adult Midgut    208.1 Adult Hindgut  (921.7) Adult Malpighian Tubules  (4089.9) Adult Fat Body  (4068.6) Adult Salivary Gland  (687.6) Adult Heart  (2727.5) Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca  (4744) Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca  (4307.1) Adult Ovary    443.3 Adult Testis    38.8 Adult Male Accessory Gland    201.2 Adult Carcass  (2954.1) Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High  Linear, scaled to High level expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    640.375 Larval Midgut    139.6 Larval Hindgut    298.6 Larval Malpighian Tubules  (1314) Larval Fat Body    677.4 Larval Salivary Gland    446 Larval Trachea    263.875 Larval Carcass  (2782.45) Adult Head  (1182.1) Adult Eye  (1080.525) Adult Brain    361 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    359.5 Adult Crop    799.6 Adult Midgut    208.1 Adult Hindgut    921.7 Adult Malpighian Tubules  (4089.9) Adult Fat Body  (4068.6) Adult Salivary Gland    687.6 Adult Heart  (2727.5) Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca  (4744) Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca  (4307.1) Adult Ovary    443.3 Adult Testis    38.8 Adult Male Accessory Gland    201.2 Adult Carcass  (2954.1) Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Very high expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    640.375 Larval Midgut    139.6 Larval Hindgut    298.6 Larval Malpighian Tubules    1314 Larval Fat Body    677.4 Larval Salivary Gland    446 Larval Trachea    263.875 Larval Carcass    2782.45 Adult Head    1182.1 Adult Eye    1080.525 Adult Brain    361 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    359.5 Adult Crop    799.6 Adult Midgut    208.1 Adult Hindgut    921.7 Adult Malpighian Tubules    4089.9 Adult Fat Body    4068.6 Adult Salivary Gland    687.6 Adult Heart    2727.5 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    4744 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    4307.1 Adult Ovary    443.3 Adult Testis    38.8 Adult Male Accessory Gland    201.2 Adult Carcass    2954.1 Expression Level Scale  Very high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    640.375 Larval Midgut    139.6 Larval Hindgut    298.6 Larval Malpighian Tubules    1314 Larval Fat Body    677.4 Larval Salivary Gland    446 Larval Trachea    263.875 Larval Carcass    2782.45 Adult Head    1182.1 Adult Eye    1080.525 Adult Brain    361 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    359.5 Adult Crop    799.6 Adult Midgut    208.1 Adult Hindgut    921.7 Adult Malpighian Tubules    4089.9 Adult Fat Body    4068.6 Adult Salivary Gland    687.6 Adult Heart    2727.5 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    4744 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    4307.1 Adult Ovary    443.3 Adult Testis    38.8 Adult Male Accessory Gland    201.2 Adult Carcass    2954.1 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  log, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System  640.375 Larval Midgut    139.6 Larval Hindgut    298.6 Larval Malpighian Tubules  (1314) Larval Fat Body  677.4 Larval Salivary Gland    446 Larval Trachea    263.875 Larval Carcass  (2782.45) Adult Head  (1182.1) Adult Eye  (1080.525) Adult Brain    361 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    359.5 Adult Crop  799.6 Adult Midgut    208.1 Adult Hindgut  (921.7) Adult Malpighian Tubules  (4089.9) Adult Fat Body  (4068.6) Adult Salivary Gland  687.6 Adult Heart  (2727.5) Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca  (4744) Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca  (4307.1) Adult Ovary    443.3 Adult Testis    38.8 Adult Male Accessory Gland    201.2 Adult Carcass  (2954.1) Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High  log, scaled to High level expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    640.375 Larval Midgut    139.6 Larval Hindgut    298.6 Larval Malpighian Tubules  1314 Larval Fat Body    677.4 Larval Salivary Gland    446 Larval Trachea    263.875 Larval Carcass  (2782.45) Adult Head  1182.1 Adult Eye  1080.525 Adult Brain    361 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    359.5 Adult Crop    799.6 Adult Midgut    208.1 Adult Hindgut    921.7 Adult Malpighian Tubules  (4089.9) Adult Fat Body  (4068.6) Adult Salivary Gland    687.6 Adult Heart  (2727.5) Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca  (4744) Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca  (4307.1) Adult Ovary    443.3 Adult Testis    38.8 Adult Male Accessory Gland    201.2 Adult Carcass  (2954.1) Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  log, scaled to Very high expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    640.375 Larval Midgut    139.6 Larval Hindgut    298.6 Larval Malpighian Tubules    1314 Larval Fat Body    677.4 Larval Salivary Gland    446 Larval Trachea    263.875 Larval Carcass    2782.45 Adult Head    1182.1 Adult Eye    1080.525 Adult Brain    361 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    359.5 Adult Crop    799.6 Adult Midgut    208.1 Adult Hindgut    921.7 Adult Malpighian Tubules    4089.9 Adult Fat Body    4068.6 Adult Salivary Gland    687.6 Adult Heart    2727.5 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    4744 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    4307.1 Adult Ovary    443.3 Adult Testis    38.8 Adult Male Accessory Gland    201.2 Adult Carcass    2954.1 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  Heatmap Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System     Larval Midgut     Larval Hindgut     Larval Malpighian Tubules     Larval Fat Body     Larval Salivary Gland     Larval Trachea     Larval Carcass     Adult Head     Adult Eye     Adult Brain     Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion     Adult Crop     Adult Midgut     Adult Hindgut     Adult Malpighian Tubules     Adult Fat Body     Adult Salivary Gland     Adult Heart     Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca     Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca     Adult Ovary     Adult Testis     Adult Male Accessory Gland     Adult Carcass     FlyAtlas Organ/Tissue Expression, larval vs. adult Larval Expression Level Tissue Adult Expression Level   NA  Head    1182.1   NA  Eye    1080.525   NA  Brain    361   640.375  Central Nervous System    NA   NA  Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    359.5   NA  Crop    799.6   139.6  Midgut    208.1   298.6  Hindgut    921.7   1314  Malpighian Tubules    4089.9   677.4  Fat Body    4068.6   446  Salivary Gland    687.6   NA  Heart    2727.5   263.875  Trachea    NA   NA  VirginFemale Spermatheca    4744   NA  InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    4307.1   NA  Ovary    443.3   NA  Testis    38.8   NA  Male Accessory Gland    201.2   2782.45  Carcass    2954.1 FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data (Chintapalli et al., 2007)
modENCODE Anatomy RNA-Seq
modENCODE Tissue Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_tissues)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    9 central nervous system, larvae L3    10 central nervous system, pupae P8    10 head, virgin 1-day female    105 head, virgin 4-day female    72 head, virgin 20-day female    111 head, mated 1-day female    78 head, mated 4-day female    67 head, mated 20-day female    100 head, mated 1-day male    82 head, mated 4-day male    83 head, mated 20-day male    115 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    3 salivary gland, white prepupae    3 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    10 digestive system, 1-day adult    72 digestive system, 4-day adult    51 digestive system, 20-day adult    52 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    35 fat body, white prepupae    15 fat body, pupae P8    21 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    44 carcass, 1-day adult    137 carcass, 4-day adult    122 carcass, 20-day adult    131 ovary, virgin 4-day female    53 ovary, mated 4-day female    42 testis, mated 4-day male    37 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    22 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    9 central nervous system, larvae L3    10 central nervous system, pupae P8    10 head, virgin 1-day female  (105) head, virgin 4-day female  (72) head, virgin 20-day female  (111) head, mated 1-day female  (78) head, mated 4-day female  (67) head, mated 20-day female  (100) head, mated 1-day male  (82) head, mated 4-day male  (83) head, mated 20-day male  (115) salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    3 salivary gland, white prepupae    3 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    10 digestive system, 1-day adult  (72) digestive system, 4-day adult  (51) digestive system, 20-day adult  (52) fat body, larvae L3 wandering  (35) fat body, white prepupae    15 fat body, pupae P8    21 carcass, larvae L3 wandering  (44) carcass, 1-day adult  (137) carcass, 4-day adult  (122) carcass, 20-day adult  (131) ovary, virgin 4-day female  (53) ovary, mated 4-day female  (42) testis, mated 4-day male  (37) accessory gland, mated 4-day male    22 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    9 central nervous system, larvae L3    10 central nervous system, pupae P8    10 head, virgin 1-day female  105 head, virgin 4-day female    72 head, virgin 20-day female  (111) head, mated 1-day female    78 head, mated 4-day female    67 head, mated 20-day female    100 head, mated 1-day male    82 head, mated 4-day male    83 head, mated 20-day male  (115) salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    3 salivary gland, white prepupae    3 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    10 digestive system, 1-day adult    72 digestive system, 4-day adult    51 digestive system, 20-day adult    52 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    35 fat body, white prepupae    15 fat body, pupae P8    21 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    44 carcass, 1-day adult  (137) carcass, 4-day adult  (122) carcass, 20-day adult  (131) ovary, virgin 4-day female    53 ovary, mated 4-day female    42 testis, mated 4-day male    37 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    22 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    9 central nervous system, larvae L3    10 central nervous system, pupae P8    10 head, virgin 1-day female    105 head, virgin 4-day female    72 head, virgin 20-day female    111 head, mated 1-day female    78 head, mated 4-day female    67 head, mated 20-day female    100 head, mated 1-day male    82 head, mated 4-day male    83 head, mated 20-day male    115 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    3 salivary gland, white prepupae    3 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    10 digestive system, 1-day adult    72 digestive system, 4-day adult    51 digestive system, 20-day adult    52 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    35 fat body, white prepupae    15 fat body, pupae P8    21 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    44 carcass, 1-day adult    137 carcass, 4-day adult    122 carcass, 20-day adult    131 ovary, virgin 4-day female    53 ovary, mated 4-day female    42 testis, mated 4-day male    37 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    22 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    9 central nervous system, larvae L3    10 central nervous system, pupae P8    10 head, virgin 1-day female    105 head, virgin 4-day female    72 head, virgin 20-day female    111 head, mated 1-day female    78 head, mated 4-day female    67 head, mated 20-day female    100 head, mated 1-day male    82 head, mated 4-day male    83 head, mated 20-day male    115 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    3 salivary gland, white prepupae    3 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    10 digestive system, 1-day adult    72 digestive system, 4-day adult    51 digestive system, 20-day adult    52 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    35 fat body, white prepupae    15 fat body, pupae P8    21 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    44 carcass, 1-day adult    137 carcass, 4-day adult    122 carcass, 20-day adult    131 ovary, virgin 4-day female    53 ovary, mated 4-day female    42 testis, mated 4-day male    37 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    22 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    9 central nervous system, larvae L3    10 central nervous system, pupae P8    10 head, virgin 1-day female  (105) head, virgin 4-day female  (72) head, virgin 20-day female  (111) head, mated 1-day female  (78) head, mated 4-day female  (67) head, mated 20-day female  (100) head, mated 1-day male  (82) head, mated 4-day male  (83) head, mated 20-day male  (115) salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    3 salivary gland, white prepupae    3 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    10 digestive system, 1-day adult  (72) digestive system, 4-day adult  (51) digestive system, 20-day adult  (52) fat body, larvae L3 wandering  (35) fat body, white prepupae    15 fat body, pupae P8    21 carcass, larvae L3 wandering  (44) carcass, 1-day adult  (137) carcass, 4-day adult  (122) carcass, 20-day adult  (131) ovary, virgin 4-day female  (53) ovary, mated 4-day female  (42) testis, mated 4-day male  (37) accessory gland, mated 4-day male    22 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    9 central nervous system, larvae L3    10 central nervous system, pupae P8    10 head, virgin 1-day female  105 head, virgin 4-day female    72 head, virgin 20-day female  111 head, mated 1-day female    78 head, mated 4-day female    67 head, mated 20-day female    100 head, mated 1-day male    82 head, mated 4-day male    83 head, mated 20-day male  115 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    3 salivary gland, white prepupae    3 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    10 digestive system, 1-day adult    72 digestive system, 4-day adult    51 digestive system, 20-day adult    52 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    35 fat body, white prepupae    15 fat body, pupae P8    21 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    44 carcass, 1-day adult  137 carcass, 4-day adult  122 carcass, 20-day adult  131 ovary, virgin 4-day female    53 ovary, mated 4-day female    42 testis, mated 4-day male    37 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    22 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    9 central nervous system, larvae L3    10 central nervous system, pupae P8    10 head, virgin 1-day female    105 head, virgin 4-day female    72 head, virgin 20-day female    111 head, mated 1-day female    78 head, mated 4-day female    67 head, mated 20-day female    100 head, mated 1-day male    82 head, mated 4-day male    83 head, mated 20-day male    115 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    3 salivary gland, white prepupae    3 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    10 digestive system, 1-day adult    72 digestive system, 4-day adult    51 digestive system, 20-day adult    52 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    35 fat body, white prepupae    15 fat body, pupae P8    21 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    44 carcass, 1-day adult    137 carcass, 4-day adult    122 carcass, 20-day adult    131 ovary, virgin 4-day female    53 ovary, mated 4-day female    42 testis, mated 4-day male    37 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    22 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering     central nervous system, larvae L3     central nervous system, pupae P8     head, virgin 1-day female     head, virgin 4-day female     head, virgin 20-day female     head, mated 1-day female     head, mated 4-day female     head, mated 20-day female     head, mated 1-day male     head, mated 4-day male     head, mated 20-day male     salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering     salivary gland, white prepupae     digestive system, larvae L3 wandering     digestive system, 1-day adult     digestive system, 4-day adult     digestive system, 20-day adult     fat body, larvae L3 wandering     fat body, white prepupae     fat body, pupae P8     carcass, larvae L3 wandering     carcass, 1-day adult     carcass, 4-day adult     carcass, 20-day adult     ovary, virgin 4-day female     ovary, mated 4-day female     testis, mated 4-day male     accessory gland, mated 4-day male
modENCODE Development RNA-Seq
modENCODE Temporal Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_U)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max Summary of modENCODE Temporal Expression Profile: Temporal profile ranges from a peak of very high expression to a trough of moderate expression. Peak expression observed within 18-24 hour embryonic stages, at stages throughout the larval period, in stages of adults of both sexes. [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    72 embryo 02-04hr    34 embryo 04-06hr    10 embryo 06-08hr    8 embryo 08-10hr    18 embryo 10-12hr    76 embryo 12-14hr    55 embryo 14-16hr    75 embryo 16-18hr    78 embryo 18-20hr    109 embryo 20-22hr    114 embryo 22-24hr    147 larva L1    185 larva L2    167 larva L3 12hr old    215 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    208 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    122 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    60 white prepupae new    42 white prepupae 12hr    29 white prepupae 24hr    48 pupae 2d postWPP    52 pupae 3d postWPP    129 pupae 4d postWPP    125 adult male 01day    294 adult male 05day    204 adult male 30day    183 adult female 01day    214 adult female 05day    142 adult female 30day    132 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr  (72) embryo 02-04hr  (34) embryo 04-06hr    10 embryo 06-08hr    8 embryo 08-10hr    18 embryo 10-12hr  (76) embryo 12-14hr  (55) embryo 14-16hr  (75) embryo 16-18hr  (78) embryo 18-20hr  (109) embryo 20-22hr  (114) embryo 22-24hr  (147) larva L1  (185) larva L2  (167) larva L3 12hr old  (215) larva L3 puffstage 1-2  (208) larva L3 puffstage 3-6  (122) larva L3 puffstage 7-9  (60) white prepupae new  (42) white prepupae 12hr  (29) white prepupae 24hr  (48) pupae 2d postWPP  (52) pupae 3d postWPP  (129) pupae 4d postWPP  (125) adult male 01day  (294) adult male 05day  (204) adult male 30day  (183) adult female 01day  (214) adult female 05day  (142) adult female 30day  (132) Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    72 embryo 02-04hr    34 embryo 04-06hr    10 embryo 06-08hr    8 embryo 08-10hr    18 embryo 10-12hr    76 embryo 12-14hr    55 embryo 14-16hr    75 embryo 16-18hr    78 embryo 18-20hr  (109) embryo 20-22hr  (114) embryo 22-24hr  (147) larva L1  (185) larva L2  (167) larva L3 12hr old  (215) larva L3 puffstage 1-2  (208) larva L3 puffstage 3-6  (122) larva L3 puffstage 7-9    60 white prepupae new    42 white prepupae 12hr    29 white prepupae 24hr    48 pupae 2d postWPP    52 pupae 3d postWPP  (129) pupae 4d postWPP  (125) adult male 01day  (294) adult male 05day  (204) adult male 30day  (183) adult female 01day  (214) adult female 05day  (142) adult female 30day  (132) Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    72 embryo 02-04hr    34 embryo 04-06hr    10 embryo 06-08hr    8 embryo 08-10hr    18 embryo 10-12hr    76 embryo 12-14hr    55 embryo 14-16hr    75 embryo 16-18hr    78 embryo 18-20hr    109 embryo 20-22hr    114 embryo 22-24hr    147 larva L1    185 larva L2    167 larva L3 12hr old    215 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    208 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    122 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    60 white prepupae new    42 white prepupae 12hr    29 white prepupae 24hr    48 pupae 2d postWPP    52 pupae 3d postWPP    129 pupae 4d postWPP    125 adult male 01day    294 adult male 05day    204 adult male 30day    183 adult female 01day    214 adult female 05day    142 adult female 30day    132 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    72 embryo 02-04hr    34 embryo 04-06hr    10 embryo 06-08hr    8 embryo 08-10hr    18 embryo 10-12hr    76 embryo 12-14hr    55 embryo 14-16hr    75 embryo 16-18hr    78 embryo 18-20hr    109 embryo 20-22hr    114 embryo 22-24hr    147 larva L1    185 larva L2    167 larva L3 12hr old    215 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    208 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    122 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    60 white prepupae new    42 white prepupae 12hr    29 white prepupae 24hr    48 pupae 2d postWPP    52 pupae 3d postWPP    129 pupae 4d postWPP    125 adult male 01day    294 adult male 05day    204 adult male 30day    183 adult female 01day    214 adult female 05day    142 adult female 30day    132 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Moderate expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr  (72) embryo 02-04hr  (34) embryo 04-06hr    10 embryo 06-08hr    8 embryo 08-10hr    18 embryo 10-12hr  (76) embryo 12-14hr  (55) embryo 14-16hr  (75) embryo 16-18hr  (78) embryo 18-20hr  (109) embryo 20-22hr  (114) embryo 22-24hr  (147) larva L1  (185) larva L2  (167) larva L3 12hr old  (215) larva L3 puffstage 1-2  (208) larva L3 puffstage 3-6  (122) larva L3 puffstage 7-9  (60) white prepupae new  (42) white prepupae 12hr  29 white prepupae 24hr  (48) pupae 2d postWPP  (52) pupae 3d postWPP  (129) pupae 4d postWPP  (125) adult male 01day  (294) adult male 05day  (204) adult male 30day  (183) adult female 01day  (214) adult female 05day  (142) adult female 30day  (132) Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    72 embryo 02-04hr    34 embryo 04-06hr    10 embryo 06-08hr    8 embryo 08-10hr    18 embryo 10-12hr    76 embryo 12-14hr    55 embryo 14-16hr    75 embryo 16-18hr    78 embryo 18-20hr  109 embryo 20-22hr  114 embryo 22-24hr  (147) larva L1  (185) larva L2  (167) larva L3 12hr old  (215) larva L3 puffstage 1-2  (208) larva L3 puffstage 3-6  122 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    60 white prepupae new    42 white prepupae 12hr    29 white prepupae 24hr    48 pupae 2d postWPP    52 pupae 3d postWPP  129 pupae 4d postWPP  125 adult male 01day  (294) adult male 05day  (204) adult male 30day  (183) adult female 01day  (214) adult female 05day  142 adult female 30day  132 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    72 embryo 02-04hr    34 embryo 04-06hr    10 embryo 06-08hr    8 embryo 08-10hr    18 embryo 10-12hr    76 embryo 12-14hr    55 embryo 14-16hr    75 embryo 16-18hr    78 embryo 18-20hr    109 embryo 20-22hr    114 embryo 22-24hr    147 larva L1    185 larva L2    167 larva L3 12hr old    215 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    208 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    122 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    60 white prepupae new    42 white prepupae 12hr    29 white prepupae 24hr    48 pupae 2d postWPP    52 pupae 3d postWPP    129 pupae 4d postWPP    125 adult male 01day    294 adult male 05day    204 adult male 30day    183 adult female 01day    214 adult female 05day    142 adult female 30day    132 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr     embryo 02-04hr     embryo 04-06hr     embryo 06-08hr     embryo 08-10hr     embryo 10-12hr     embryo 12-14hr     embryo 14-16hr     embryo 16-18hr     embryo 18-20hr     embryo 20-22hr     embryo 22-24hr     larva L1     larva L2     larva L3 12hr old     larva L3 puffstage 1-2     larva L3 puffstage 3-6     larva L3 puffstage 7-9     white prepupae new     white prepupae 12hr     white prepupae 24hr     pupae 2d postWPP     pupae 3d postWPP     pupae 4d postWPP     adult male 01day     adult male 05day     adult male 30day     adult female 01day     adult female 05day     adult female 30day     modENCODE Temporal Expression Data (Graveley et al., 2011)
modENCODE Cell Lines RNA-Seq
modENCODE Cell Line Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_cell.A) (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_cell.B)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    16 Schneider line 2 Sg4    30 embryonic 1182-4H    10 embryonic GM2    37 embryonic Kc167    67 embryonic S1    35 embryonic S3    13 leg disc CME L1    42 wing disc CME-W2    27 wing disc ML-DmD8    34 wing disc ML-DmD9    41 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    22 wing disc ML-DmD21    12 wing disc ML-DmD32    12 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    12 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    17 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    23 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    40 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    35 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    60 tumorous blood cells mbn2    24 ovary fGS/OSS    28 ovary OSC    25 ovary OSS    13 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    16 Schneider line 2 Sg4  (30) embryonic 1182-4H    10 embryonic GM2  (37) embryonic Kc167  (67) embryonic S1  (35) embryonic S3    13 leg disc CME L1  (42) wing disc CME-W2  (27) wing disc ML-DmD8  (34) wing disc ML-DmD9  (41) wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    22 wing disc ML-DmD21    12 wing disc ML-DmD32    12 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    12 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    17 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    23 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1  (40) CNS ML-DmBG1-c1  (35) CNS ML-DmBG2-c2  (60) tumorous blood cells mbn2    24 ovary fGS/OSS  (28) ovary OSC    25 ovary OSS    13 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    16 Schneider line 2 Sg4    30 embryonic 1182-4H    10 embryonic GM2    37 embryonic Kc167    67 embryonic S1    35 embryonic S3    13 leg disc CME L1    42 wing disc CME-W2    27 wing disc ML-DmD8    34 wing disc ML-DmD9    41 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    22 wing disc ML-DmD21    12 wing disc ML-DmD32    12 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    12 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    17 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    23 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    40 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    35 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    60 tumorous blood cells mbn2    24 ovary fGS/OSS    28 ovary OSC    25 ovary OSS    13 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    16 Schneider line 2 Sg4    30 embryonic 1182-4H    10 embryonic GM2    37 embryonic Kc167    67 embryonic S1    35 embryonic S3    13 leg disc CME L1    42 wing disc CME-W2    27 wing disc ML-DmD8    34 wing disc ML-DmD9    41 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    22 wing disc ML-DmD21    12 wing disc ML-DmD32    12 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    12 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    17 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    23 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    40 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    35 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    60 tumorous blood cells mbn2    24 ovary fGS/OSS    28 ovary OSC    25 ovary OSS    13 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    16 Schneider line 2 Sg4    30 embryonic 1182-4H    10 embryonic GM2    37 embryonic Kc167    67 embryonic S1    35 embryonic S3    13 leg disc CME L1    42 wing disc CME-W2    27 wing disc ML-DmD8    34 wing disc ML-DmD9    41 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    22 wing disc ML-DmD21    12 wing disc ML-DmD32    12 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    12 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    17 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    23 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    40 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    35 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    60 tumorous blood cells mbn2    24 ovary fGS/OSS    28 ovary OSC    25 ovary OSS    13 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Moderate expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    16 Schneider line 2 Sg4  30 embryonic 1182-4H    10 embryonic GM2  (37) embryonic Kc167  (67) embryonic S1  (35) embryonic S3    13 leg disc CME L1  (42) wing disc CME-W2  27 wing disc ML-DmD8  (34) wing disc ML-DmD9  (41) wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    22 wing disc ML-DmD21    12 wing disc ML-DmD32    12 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    12 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    17 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    23 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1  (40) CNS ML-DmBG1-c1  (35) CNS ML-DmBG2-c2  (60) tumorous blood cells mbn2    24 ovary fGS/OSS  28 ovary OSC    25 ovary OSS    13 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    16 Schneider line 2 Sg4    30 embryonic 1182-4H    10 embryonic GM2    37 embryonic Kc167    67 embryonic S1    35 embryonic S3    13 leg disc CME L1    42 wing disc CME-W2    27 wing disc ML-DmD8    34 wing disc ML-DmD9    41 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    22 wing disc ML-DmD21    12 wing disc ML-DmD32    12 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    12 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    17 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    23 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    40 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    35 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    60 tumorous blood cells mbn2    24 ovary fGS/OSS    28 ovary OSC    25 ovary OSS    13 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    16 Schneider line 2 Sg4    30 embryonic 1182-4H    10 embryonic GM2    37 embryonic Kc167    67 embryonic S1    35 embryonic S3    13 leg disc CME L1    42 wing disc CME-W2    27 wing disc ML-DmD8    34 wing disc ML-DmD9    41 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    22 wing disc ML-DmD21    12 wing disc ML-DmD32    12 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    12 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    17 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    23 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    40 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    35 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    60 tumorous blood cells mbn2    24 ovary fGS/OSS    28 ovary OSC    25 ovary OSS    13 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+     Schneider line 2 Sg4     embryonic 1182-4H     embryonic GM2     embryonic Kc167     embryonic S1     embryonic S3     leg disc CME L1     wing disc CME-W2     wing disc ML-DmD8     wing disc ML-DmD9     wing disc ML-DmD16-c3     wing disc ML-DmD21     wing disc ML-DmD32     haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3     eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11     antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5     mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1     CNS ML-DmBG1-c1     CNS ML-DmBG2-c2     tumorous blood cells mbn2     ovary fGS/OSS     ovary OSC     ovary OSS
modENCODE Treatments RNA-Seq
modENCODE Treatment Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_treatments)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    23 cold shock, 4-day adult    19 heat shock, 4-day adult    118 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    145 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    104 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    134 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    55 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    81 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    34 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    57 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    48 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    85 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    139 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    150 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    160 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    75 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    26 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    87 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    113 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    126 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    157 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    23 cold shock, 4-day adult    19 heat shock, 4-day adult  (118) Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3  (145) Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3  (104) Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (134) Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (55) Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3  (81) Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (34) Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3  (57) Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (48) Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3  (85) Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3  (139) Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3  (150) Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3  (160) Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (75) Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult  26 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (87) Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (113) Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3  (126) Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3  (157) Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    23 cold shock, 4-day adult    19 heat shock, 4-day adult  (118) Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3  (145) Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3  104 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (134) Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    55 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    81 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    34 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    57 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    48 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    85 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3  (139) Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3  (150) Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3  (160) Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    75 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    26 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    87 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (113) Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3  (126) Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3  (157) Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    23 cold shock, 4-day adult    19 heat shock, 4-day adult    118 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    145 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    104 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    134 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    55 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    81 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    34 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    57 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    48 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    85 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    139 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    150 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    160 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    75 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    26 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    87 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    113 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    126 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    157 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    23 cold shock, 4-day adult    19 heat shock, 4-day adult    118 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    145 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    104 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    134 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    55 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    81 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    34 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    57 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    48 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    85 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    139 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    150 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    160 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    75 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    26 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    87 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    113 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    126 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    157 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Moderate expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    23 cold shock, 4-day adult    19 heat shock, 4-day adult  (118) Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3  (145) Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3  (104) Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (134) Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (55) Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3  (81) Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (34) Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3  (57) Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (48) Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3  (85) Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3  (139) Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3  (150) Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3  (160) Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (75) Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult  26 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (87) Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (113) Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3  (126) Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3  (157) Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    23 cold shock, 4-day adult    19 heat shock, 4-day adult  118 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3  (145) Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3  104 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  134 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    55 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    81 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    34 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    57 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    48 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    85 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3  139 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3  (150) Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3  (160) Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    75 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    26 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    87 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  113 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3  126 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3  (157) Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    23 cold shock, 4-day adult    19 heat shock, 4-day adult    118 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    145 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    104 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    134 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    55 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    81 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    34 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    57 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    48 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    85 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    139 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    150 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    160 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    75 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    26 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    87 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    113 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    126 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    157 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult     cold shock, 4-day adult     heat shock, 4-day adult     Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3     Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3     Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3     Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3     Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3     Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3     Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3     Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3     Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3     Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3
Expression Clusters
	A cluster of genes with similar mRNA expression dynamics across development. (The modENCODE Consortium, 2010, Graveley et al., 2011) mE2_34_mRNA_expression_cluster_10 mE1_20_mRNA_expression_cluster_15
External Data & Images
Linkouts	FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies • FBgn0003076 FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array • CG5165-RA
Alleles & Phenotypes
Summary of Allele Phenotypes
Lethality Allele lethal | recessive PgmLA00593 viable, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237 PgmGD11561 viable (with Df(3L)th102) PgmLA00593 Sterility Allele fertile (with Df(3L)th102) PgmLA00593 Other Phenotypes Allele electrophoretic variant Pgm1.00,tr,5.9 Pgm1.20,tr,5.9 Pgm1.20,tr,6.1 Pgm1 Pgm2ts6.4 Pgm2ts6.6 Pgm4tr Pgm4ts Pgm6tr Pgm6ts electrophoretic variant | fast Pgm5 Pgm7 PgmDPF95.4.2 PgmDPF95.38.3 PgmF electrophoretic variant | intermediate PgmM electrophoretic variant | slow Pgm1 Pgm2ts6.4 Pgm2ts6.6 Pgm3 PgmDPF95.13.0 PgmDPF95.56.1 PgmDPF95.94.1 PgmS PgmZH26 visible, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237 PgmGD11561 Phenotype manifest in Allele chaeta, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237 PgmGD11561
Classical Alleles ( 61 )
For All Classical Alleles Show
Allele of Pgm Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion Pgm4tr natural population 2 -- Pgm6tr natural population 2 -- PgmLA00593 P-element activity 2 -- PgmnGB1 loss of function allele natural population 1 Yes Pgm1.00,tr,5.9 natural population 0 -- Pgm1.20,tr,5.9 natural population 0 -- Pgm1.20,tr,6.1 natural population 0 -- Pgm1 natural population 0 -- Pgm2ts6.4 natural population 0 -- Pgm2ts6.6 natural population 0 -- Pgm3 natural population 0 -- Pgm4ts natural population 0 -- Pgm5 natural population 0 -- Pgm6ts natural population 0 -- Pgm7 natural population 0 -- PgmDPF95.100.3 natural population 0 Yes PgmDPF95.13.0 natural population 0 Yes PgmDPF95.2.0 natural population 0 Yes PgmDPF95.2.1 natural population 0 Yes PgmDPF95.23.1 natural population 0 Yes PgmDPF95.29.3 natural population 0 Yes PgmDPF95.3.0 natural population 0 Yes PgmDPF95.36.4 natural population 0 Yes PgmDPF95.38.3 natural population 0 Yes PgmDPF95.4.2 natural population 0 Yes PgmDPF95.4.3 natural population 0 Yes PgmDPF95.44.3 natural population 0 Yes PgmDPF95.48.2 natural population 0 Yes PgmDPF95.53.1 natural population 0 Yes PgmDPF95.54.0 natural population 0 Yes PgmDPF95.56.1 natural population 0 Yes PgmDPF95.56.2 natural population 0 Yes PgmDPF95.73.1 natural population 0 Yes PgmDPF95.77.4 natural population 0 Yes PgmDPF95.84.3 natural population 0 Yes PgmDPF95.85.1 natural population 0 Yes PgmDPF95.90.2 natural population 0 Yes PgmDPF95.94.1 natural population 0 Yes PgmF 0 -- PgmHFL97.1.0 natural population 0 Yes PgmHFL97.13.0 natural population 0 Yes PgmHFL97.15.0 natural population 0 Yes PgmHFL97.50.0 natural population 0 Yes PgmHFL97.93.0 natural population 0 Yes PgmM 0 -- PgmMD90.709.1 natural population 0 Yes PgmS 0 -- PgmSC96.5.3 natural population 0 Yes PgmZH23 natural population 0 Yes PgmZH26 natural population 0 Yes PgmZH36 natural population 0 Yes PgmZH38 natural population 0 Yes PgmZH39 natural population 0 Yes PgmZH44 natural population 0 Yes PgmZS11 natural population 0 Yes PgmZS15 natural population 0 Yes PgmZS24 natural population 0 Yes PgmZS35 natural population 0 Yes PgmZS48 natural population 0 Yes PgmZS49 natural population 0 Yes PgmZS51 natural population 0 Yes
Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs ( 4 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Allele of Pgm Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion PgmGD11561 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 2 Yes PgmHMS01333 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 1 Yes PgmKK100407 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 1 Yes PgmNIG.5165R in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes
Aneuploid Aberrations
Disrupted in	Df(3L)Exel6127 (Ryder, 2004.4.26) Df(3L)th117 (Voelker et al., 1978)
Not disrupted in	Df(3L)th113 (Burkhart et al., 1984)
Transgenic Constructs & Insertions
Transgenic Constructs
	Type of construct Name Expression data UAS construct P{GD11561} NA P{KK100407} NA P{NIG.5165R} NA P{TRiP.HMS01333} NA
Insertions
	Type of insertions Name Expression data insertion of mobile activating element P{Mae-UAS.6.11}PgmLA00593 NA
Gene Ontology: Function, Process & Cellular Component ( 9 unique terms )
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence ( 5 terms )
Molecular Function
CV term Evidence References
phosphoglucomutase activity inferred from direct assay (Verrelli and Eanes, 2001, Pontecorvo et al., 1986) phosphoglycerate mutase activity inferred from mutant phenotype (Eanes et al., 2006)
Biological Process
CV term Evidence References
flight inferred from mutant phenotype (Eanes et al., 2006) glycogen biosynthetic process inferred from mutant phenotype (Verrelli and Eanes, 2001) lateral inhibition inferred from mutant phenotype (Mummery-Widmer et al., 2009)
Cellular Component ( 0 terms)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions ( 5 terms )
Molecular Function
CV term Evidence References
magnesium ion binding inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR016066 (FlyBase Curators et al., 2004-) phosphoglucomutase activity inferred from sequence or structural similarity with UniProtKB:P37012 (FlyBase, 1992-)
Biological Process
CV term Evidence References
galactose catabolic process inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000501327 (assigned by RefGenome) (Gaudet et al., 2010) trehalose biosynthetic process inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000501327 (assigned by RefGenome) (Gaudet et al., 2010)
Cellular Component
CV term Evidence References
cytosol inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000501326 (assigned by RefGenome) (Gaudet et al., 2010)
Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene
	nuclear_gene   protein_coding_gene
Interactions & Pathways
Summary of Physical Interactions
protein-protein
Interacting group Assay References
Pgm - Arpc2 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) Pgm - CG13321 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) Pgm - CG7878 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) Pgm - CG8545 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) Pgm - Cdc5 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) Pgm - Saf-B anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) Pgm - eIF6 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23)
Summary of Genetic Interactions
Interacts with	Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions Pgm allele Gene References
External Data
Linkouts	BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions • 68773 DPiM - DPiM, Drosophila Protein interaction Map • FBgn0003076 DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions. • FBgn0003076 InterologFinder Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets. • 44010
Orthologs
OrthoDB Orthologs (45) - based on analysis using Dmel annotation version 5.41
OrthoDB Ortholog Groups
	OrthoDB orthology group searches (Waterhouse et al., 2011, Nucleic Acids Res. 39(Database issue): D283--D288) Drosophila inclusive ortholog search EOG64BBMS Dipteran inclusive ortholog search EOG60ZR5T Insect inclusive ortholog search EOG6WM3PW Arthropod inclusive ortholog search EOG6ZW3S8 Metazoa inclusive ortholog search EOG6H1PNW
Orthologs in Drosophila Species (EOG64BBMS)
Organism Common Name Gene AAA Syntenic Ortholog Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly  Dmel\Pgm     Drosophila sechellia   Dsec\GM24444 Y   Drosophila erecta   Dere\GG13495 Y   Drosophila yakuba   Dyak\Pgm Y   Drosophila ananassae   Dana\GF10321 Y   Drosophila pseudoobscura pseudoobscura   Dpse\GA18703 Y   Drosophila persimilis   Dper\GL18035 Y   Drosophila willistoni   Dwil\GK17336 Y   Drosophila virilis   Dvir\GJ12940 Y   Drosophila mojavensis   Dmoj\GI16688 Y   Drosophila grimshawi   Dgri\GH15036 Y
Orthologs in non-Drosophila Dipterans (EOG60ZR5T)
Organism Common Name Gene Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Aedes aegypti Yellow fever mosquito  Aaeg\AAEL010037   Anopheles gambiae Malaria mosquito  Agam\AGAP005860   Culex quinquefasciatus Southern house mosquito  Cqui\CPIJ005681
Orthologs in non-Dipteran Insects (EOG6WM3PW)
Organism Common Name Gene Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Apis mellifera Western honey bee  Amel\Pgm1   Nasonia vitripennis Parasitic wasp  Nvit\Nasvi2EG001090   Acromyrmex echinatior Panamanian leafcutter ant  Aech\AECH12676   Atta cephalotes Leafcutter ant  Acep\ACEP18551   Camponotus floridanus Florida carpenter ant  Cflo\CFLO19465   Harpegnathos saltator Jerdons jumping ant  Hsal\HSAL15421   Linepithema humile Argentine ant  Lhum\LH18984   Pogonomyrmex barbatus Red harvester ant  Pbar\PB22473   Solenopsis invicta Red fire ant  Sinv\SINV22286   Acyrthosiphon pisum Pea aphid  Apim\ACYPI001600   Bombyx mori Silkmoth  Bmor\BGIBMGA007425   Pediculus humanus Human body louse  Phum\PHUM157010   Tribolium castaneum Red flour beetle  Tcas\TC005591
Orthologs in non-Insect Arthropods (EOG6ZW3S8)
Organism Common Name Gene Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Daphnia pulex Water flea  Dpux\rbcL   Daphnia pulex Water flea  Dpux\JGI_V11_302108   Ixodes scapularis Deer tick  Isca\ISCW012586
Orthologs in non-Arthropod Metazoa (EOG6H1PNW)
Organism Common Name Gene Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Caenorhabditis elegans Nematode  Cele\R05F9.6   Strongylocentrotus purpuratus Purple sea urchin  Spur\SPU_011425gn   Strongylocentrotus purpuratus Purple sea urchin  Spur\SPU_001960gn   Danio rerio Zebrafish  Drer\pgm5   Danio rerio Zebrafish  Drer\pgm1   Xenopus tropicalis Western clawed frog  Xtro\pgm5   Xenopus tropicalis Western clawed frog  Xtro\pgm1   Gallus gallus Domestic chicken  Ggal\PGM1   Gallus gallus Domestic chicken  Ggal\PGM5   Mus musculus House mouse  Mmus\Pgm1   Mus musculus House mouse  Mmus\Pgm5   Rattus norvegicus Norway rat  Rnor\Pgm1   Rattus norvegicus Norway rat  Rnor\Pgm5   Homo sapiens Human  Hsap\PGM1   Homo sapiens Human  Hsap\PGM5
Human Orthologs (2)
Gene OMIM HGNC Hsap\PGM1     Hsap\PGM5
AAA Orthologs (11) based on analysis using Dmel annotation version 4.3
Organism Gene Drosophila simulans Dsim\Pgm Drosophila sechellia Dsec\GM24444 Drosophila erecta Dere\GG13495 Drosophila yakuba Dyak\Pgm Drosophila ananassae Dana\GF10321 Drosophila pseudoobscura pseudoobscura Dpse\GA18703 Drosophila persimilis Dper\GL18035 Drosophila willistoni Dwil\GK17336 Drosophila virilis Dvir\GJ12940 Drosophila mojavensis Dmoj\GI16688 Drosophila grimshawi Dgri\GH15036
Stocks & Reagents
Stocks Listed in FlyBase ( 9 )
Bloomington	4039 PgmnGB1/TM3, Sb1 Ser1 34345 y1 sc* v1; P{TRiP.HMS01333}attP2/TM3, Sb1 22244 y1 w*; P{Mae-UAS.6.11}PgmLA00593/TM3, Sb1 Ser1 4018 IdhF SodF Pgm6tr Ald2/TM3, IdhS SodS Pgm4tr Sb1 Ald4 Ser1
Kyoto	120593 y* w*; P{Mae-UAS.6.11}PgmLA00593 107557 IdhF SodF Pgm6tr Ald2/TM3, IdhS SodS Pgm4tr Sb1 Ald4 Ser1
VDRC	v105820 P{KK100407}VIE-260B v34953 w1118; P{GD11561}v34953 v34954 w1118; P{GD11561}v34954
Genomic Clones ( 2 )
	BACR23K02 BACR25O01 Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete
cDNA Clones ( 165 )
	Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see GBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.
cDNA Clones, Fully Sequenced
BDGP DGC clones	LD36183
Other clones	DPiM_LD36183
cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
BDGP DGC clones	AT16763 GH01994 GH06807 GH06907 GH08461 GH10161 GH10784 GH11335 GH11479 GH11956 GH12281 GH14122 GH14284 GH15160 GH15683 GH16844 GH16912 GH19612 GH22147 GH24559 GH24821 GH27287 GM24936 HL02451 HL04491 HL04493 HL04539 LD18361 LD36165 LP09172 LP14777 LP16992 LP20742 LP22395 RE10639 RE31102 RE40055 RE42545 RE42930 RE46934 SD04563 SD17905
Other clones	7817 31685 102261 158747 159791 161436 184417 CK01.9B.E7 CK01.34D.C10 CK01.132B.D5 Dmel_dig_010597_0617_1953 Dmel_dig_012908_0615_0691 Dmel_neb_015106_0909_3510 EK095115 EK106222 EK141427 EK262624 EK265444 EK289450 FGH122A01 FGH124A08 GH13311 IP08327 IP13075 IP14307 RP003011231 RP003042818 RP003043429 RP003045861 RP003051851 RP003064390 RP003074477 RP003083359 RP003104130 RP003104398 RP003108466 RP003118523 RP003125949 RP003134652 RP003136025 RP003142395 RP003155270 RP003159687 RP003162045 RP003162722 RP003168334 RP003169438 RP003169825 RP003177959 RP003184838 RP003189402 RP003197938 RP003206963 RP003218780 RP003222985 RP003238203 RP003240195 RP003263262 RP003270585 RP003271936 RP003281639 RP003283146 RP003284526 RP003284574 RP003288187 RP003301478 RP003304465 RP003305566 RP003318239 RP003322544 RP003322703 RP003336919 RP003338373 RP003340837 RP003352339 RP003357082 RP003357721 RP003364727 RP003385852 RP003393039 RP003395654 RP003427801 RP003445773 RP003455031 RP003456113 RP003463025 RP003475925 RP003476475 RP003486893 RP003514365 RP003518562 RP003519804 RP003530087 RP003532486 RP003536603 RP003537691 RP003543562 RP003544285 RP003547788 RP003550927 RP003552746 RP003589547 RP003590359 RP003590987 RP003613146 RP003615603 RP003618992 RP003623969 RP003629559 RP003634353 RP003638893 RP003639639 RP003642147 RP003645485 RP003652798 RP003661970 RP003666055 RP003667173 RP003670567 RP003673758 RP003681566
RNAi & Array Information
Linkouts	DRSC - Results from RNAi screens. • FBgn0003076 GenomeRNAi - GenomeRNAi – A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents • 44010
Antibody Information
Other Information
Discoverer
Etymology
Identification
Relationship to Other Genes
Source for database identity of
Source for database merge of	Source for merge of: Pgm CG5165 (FlyBase, 1996-)
Additional comments	Source for merge of Pgm CG5165 was sequence comparison (date:010104). (FlyBase, 1996-)
Other Comments
	The effects of a high sucrose diet on live weight, total protein, stored lipid and glycogen and crude activities of 12 enzymes involved in energy metabolism are quantified. The activities of many enzymes are reduced by the sucrose treatment. (Wang and Clark, 1995) Gramoxone has no mutagenic effect on the genetic background of Pgm. (el Abidin Salam et al., 1993) The synergistic effects of the Adh locus, or a tightly linked locus, on the quantities of the Mdh1, Gpdh, Pgm, Idh, Men and Gapdh1 gene products in D.melanogaster derived from an African population has been determined. (Li, 1992) No difference in allele fixed in lines selected over 700 generations for high (negative) and low (positive) geotaxis. (Stoltenberg et al., 1992) Heat denaturation, isoelectric focusing and the degree of genetic variation at the Pgm locus has been examined in laboratory populations. (Cicchetti et al., 1990) Heat denaturation study has been used to detect genetic heterogeneity within electrophoretic classes at the Pgm locus. (Trippa et al., 1978) Thermostability study of the Pgm locus reveals temperature-resistant and temperature-sensitive mutants. (Trippa et al., 1976) Structural gene for the glycolytic enzyme phosphoglucomutase (PGM), a monomeric protein of 56,000 daltons. Two frequently-occurring electrophoretic variants were isolated and studied by Hjorth, 1970; Hjorth, 1970 and Trippa et al., 1970; Trippa et al., 1971. Later five low-frequency variants were found by Trippa's group (see references under alleles). One null allele found in a total of 431 alleles collected in Great Britain (Langley, Voelker, Leigh-Brown, Ohnishi, Dickson and Montgomery, 1981).
External Crossreferences & Linkouts
Sequence Crossreferences
	RefSeq (Transcripts) • NM_079936 RefSeq (Proteins) • NP_524675 DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank • AAF49533 AAG44900 AAG44901 AAG44902 AAG44903 AAG44904 AAG44905 AAG44906 AAG44907 AAG44908 AAG44909 AAG44910 AAG44911 AAG44912 AAG44913 AAG44914 AAG44915 AAG44916 AAG44917 AAG44918 AAG44919 AAG44920 AAG44921 AAG44922 AAG44923 AAG44924 AAG44925 AAG44926 AAG44927 AAG44928 AAG44929 AAG44930 AAG44931 AAG44932 AAG44933 AAG44934 AAG44935 AAG44936 AAG44937 AAG44938 AAG44939 AAG44940 AAG44941 AAG44942 AAG44943 AAL08565 AAL08566 AAL08567 AAL08568 AAQ22512 AF290313 AF290314 AF290315 AF290316 AF290317 AF290318 AF290319 AF290320 AF290321 AF290322 AF290323 AF290324 AF290325 AF290326 AF290327 AF290328 AF290329 AF290330 AF290331 AF290332 AF290333 AF290334 AF290335 AF290336 AF290337 AF290338 AF290339 AF290340 AF290341 AF290342 AF290343 AF290344 AF290345 AF290346 AF290347 AF290348 AF290349 AF290350 AF290351 AF290352 AF290353 AF290354 AF290355 AF290356 AF416981 AF416982 AF416983 AF416984 AI456291 AW943330 BT010043 DU708649 Entrez Gene - A searchable database of RefSeq genes. • 44010 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot • Q9VUY9
Other Crossreferences
	InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites • Alpha-D-phosphohexomutase superfamily (IPR005841) Alpha-D-phosphohexomutase, C-terminal (IPR005843) Alpha-D-phosphohexomutase, alpha/beta/alpha domain I (IPR005844) Alpha-D-phosphohexomutase, alpha/beta/alpha domain II (IPR005845) Alpha-D-phosphohexomutase, alpha/beta/alpha domain III (IPR005846) Alpha-D-phosphohexomutase, alpha/beta/alpha I/II/III (IPR016055) Alpha-D-phosphohexomutase, conserved site (IPR016066)
Linkouts
	BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions • 68773 DPiM - DPiM, Drosophila Protein interaction Map • FBgn0003076 DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions. • FBgn0003076 DRSC - Results from RNAi screens. • FBgn0003076 FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies • FBgn0003076 FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array • CG5165-RA FlyMine - Integrated genomics database for Drosophila, Anopheles, and C.elegans • FBgn0003076 GenomeRNAi - GenomeRNAi – A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents • 44010 InterologFinder Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets. • 44010 modMine - Data generated by the modENCODE project. • FBgn0003076
Synonyms & Secondary IDs ( 10 )
Reported As
Symbol Synonym	CG5165 (Pile et al., 2003, Keleman et al., 2009.8.5, Ni et al., 2010.12.1, Puri et al., 2008) pgm (Roman, 2004) PGM (Cork and Purugganan, 2004, Clark and Wang, 1997, Wang and Clark, 1995, Eanes, 1994, Clark, 1994, Clark and Wang, 1994, Choudhary et al., 1992, Clark et al., 1990, Clark, 1990, Deckert-Cruz et al., 2004, Passananti et al., 2004) Pgm (Dionne et al., 2006, Gronke et al., 2005, Geiger-Thornsberry and Mackay, 2004, Flowers et al., 2007, Verrelli and Eanes, 2001, Lindsley and Zimm, 1992, Font-Burgada et al., 2008, Deckert-Cruz et al., 2004, Eanes et al., 2006, Ruaud et al., 2011, Allikian et al., 2002, Domanitskaya et al., 2007, Cooper and Kennison, 2011, Puri et al., 2008, Japanese National Institute of Genetics, 2012.5.21) PGM-1 (Bondinas et al., 2002, Bondinas et al., 2001) Pgm-1 (Kovac and Marinkovic, 1999)
Name Synonym	phosphoglucomutase (Gronke et al., 2005, Pontecorvo et al., 1986, Deckert-Cruz et al., 2004, Ruaud et al., 2011, Kovac and Marinkovic, 1999) Phosphoglucomutase (Geiger-Thornsberry and Mackay, 2004, Lindsley and Zimm, 1992, Deckert-Cruz et al., 2004, Passananti et al., 2004) Phosphogluconate mutase   phosphoglucose mutase
Secondary FlyBase IDs
	FBgn0036572
References ( 113 )
Generate a list of	All references relating to this gene ( 113 )
List References by type	Research paper  ( 86 ) Supplementary material  ( 4 ) Review  ( 3 ) Personal communication to FlyBase  ( 9 ) Abstract  ( 2 ) FlyBase analysis  ( 3 ) Book  ( 1 ) Stock list  ( 1 ) DNA/RNA sequence record  ( 1 ) Website  ( 1 ) Curated genome annotation  ( 2 )
Recent research papers ( 3 )
	Vesala et al., 2012, Insect Mol. Biol. 21(1): 107--118 Cold tolerance and cold-induced modulation of gene expression in two Drosophila virilis group species with different distributions. [FBrf0217233] Cooper and Kennison, 2011, PLoS ONE 6(8): e23509 Molecular Genetic Analyses of Polytene Chromosome Region 72A-D in Drosophila melanogaster Reveal a Gene Desert in 72D. [FBrf0214748] Ruaud et al., 2011, Mol. Endocrinol. 25(1): 83--91 The Drosophila NR4A Nuclear Receptor DHR38 Regulates Carbohydrate Metabolism and Glycogen Storage. [FBrf0212569] Show all research papers ...
Recent reviews (0)
	All reviews listed in FlyBase were published before 2011 Show reviews ...