FB2019_05, released Oct 15, 2019

Gene: Dmel\pk

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General Information
Symbol
Dmel\pk
Species
D. melanogaster
Name
prickle
Annotation Symbol
CG11084
Feature Type
protein_coding_gene
FlyBase ID
FBgn0003090
Gene Model Status
Current
Stock Availability
60 publicly available
Gene Snapshot
prickle (pk) encodes a core component of the Frizzled-dependent planar polarity complex, which localises to cell junctions in developing epithelia, most likely via direct protein-protein interactions with the transmembrane proteins encoded by Vang and stan. pk product contributes to planar polarity defects in epithelia, as well as nervous system development. [Date last reviewed: 2018-09-20]
Other Summaries
Also Known As
sple, pk-sple, prickle-spiny-legs, prickle-spiny legs
Key Links
Genomic Location
Cytogenetic map
42F3-43A1
Sequence location
2R:7,150,703..7,223,378 [+]
Recombination map
2-55
Sequence
Get Decorated FASTA
Genomic Maps
Other Genome Views
The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.
NCBI
UCSC
Ensembl
PopFly
Function
GO Summary Ribbons
Protein Family (UniProt)
Belongs to the prickle / espinas / testin family. (A1Z6W3)
Protein Signatures (InterPro)
Molecular Function (GO)
[Detailed GO annotations]
Experimental Evidence
protein binding
Predictions / Assertions
zinc ion binding
Summaries
Protein Function (UniProtKB)
Acts in a planar cell polarity (PCP) complex; polarization along the apical/basal axis of epithelial cells. Correct expression of the alternative isoforms is required for PCP signaling in imaginal disks. PCP signaling in the wing disk requires the receptor fz and the cytoplasmic proteins dsh and pk. These act in a feedback loop leading to activation of the jnk cascade and subsequent polarized arrangement of hairs and bristles. Dgo and pk compete with one another for dsh binding, thereby modulating fz dsh activity and ensuring tight control over fz PCP signaling. Vang, stan and pk function together to regulate the establishment of tissue polarity in the adult eye.
(UniProt, A1Z6W3)
Phenotypic Description (Red Book; Lindsley and Zimm 1992)
pk: prickle
Polarity pattern of wing, haltere, and notum altered in mutants. Chaetae of triple row on anterior wing slanted anteriorly instead of posteriorly. Trichomes near L2 vein arranged in counterclockwise whorl on right wing blade, in clockwise whorl on left blade; trichomes in anterior wing occasionally duplicated (Gubb and Garcia-Bellido, 1982). On the notum, the posterior acrostichals are irregularly erect and whorled. Occasionally, extra dorsocentral and scutellar bristles appear at temperatures above 23. Mutant flies slightly larger than wild type. Gubb and Garcia-Bellido (1982) describe somatic clones of homozygous pk cells.
sple: spiny legs
Polarity of chaetae and trichomes on legs irregular; relations between bracts and bristles disrupted. High incidence of ectopic tarsal joints with inverted polarity, especially in tarsae 3 and 4; incomplete intersegmental membranes between tarsal segments, especially between segments 3 and 4; no extra sensilla companiformia despite extra joints. Chaetae on abdominal tergites turned toward midline instead of pointing posteriorly as in wild type; polarity of bristles on sternites disrupted as well.
sple3
A low-temperature-sensitive allele. Legs of flies raised at 19 highly condensed with incomplete joints, haphazard bristle pattern, occasional increase in number of bristle rows, and absence of some prominent markers. Flies unable to walk and soon get stuck in food. In sple3 flies raised at 28 53% of legs, though apparently normal, display abnormalities such as swollen second, third, and fourth tarsal segments, abnormal tarsal joints and reversals in bristle orientation in the middle of every segment; such flies able to walk and breed. About 30% of legs show phenotype intermediate between the two phenotypes described above. Mutant phenotype expressed in the homeotic legs of Antp and ssa; also expressed in mitotic clones.
Summary (Interactive Fly)
LIM domain protein - a tissue polarity protein - in the Dachsous-Fat system, Dachsous and Dachs, each independently interacts with the Spiny-legs isoform of Prickle and direct Spiny-legs localization in vivo
Gene Model and Products
Number of Transcripts
3
Number of Unique Polypeptides
3

Please see the GBrowse view of Dmel\pk or the JBrowse view of Dmel\pk for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)
Isoform displayed:
Pfam protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Protein Domains (via SMART)
Isoform displayed:
SMART protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Comments on Gene Model
Low-frequency RNA-Seq exon junction(s) not annotated.
Gene model reviewed during 5.48
Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene
nuclear_gene
protein_coding_gene
Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name
FlyBase ID
RefSeq ID
Length (nt)
Assoc. CDS (aa)
pk-RA
FBtr0089042
NM_165508
4241
963
pk-RB
FBtr0089043
NM_165509
4109
1029
pk-RC
FBtr0089044
NM_165512
5224
1299
Additional Transcript Data and Comments
Reported size (kB)
5.1, 4.2 (northern blot)
(Gubb et al., 1999)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name
FlyBase ID
Predicted MW (kDa)
Length (aa)
Theoretical pI
RefSeq ID
GenBank
pk-PA
FBpp0088113
104.7
963
7.23
NP_724534
AAM68908
pk-PB
FBpp0088114
111.8
1029
6.94
NP_724535
AAF59284
pk-PC
FBpp0088115
140.7
1299
6.87
NP_724538
AAF59281
Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

None of the polypeptides share 100% sequence identity.

Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments
Reported size (kDa)
1206, 936, 870 (aa)
(Gubb et al., 1999)
Comments
External Data
Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)
Interacts with dsh; PET and LIM domains interact with dsh DEP domain, in wing cells. Interacts with Vang in photoreceptor cells.
(UniProt, A1Z6W3)
Crossreferences
InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
Linkouts
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\pk using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data
Crossreferences
Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
Linkouts
Gene Ontology (18 terms)
Molecular Function (2 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
protein binding
inferred from physical interaction with UniProtKB:P51140
(assigned by UniProt )
(Tree et al., 2002)
inferred from physical interaction with UniProtKB:A1Z7N9
(assigned by UniProt )
(Jenny et al., 2003)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
zinc ion binding
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR001781, InterPro:IPR010442
(assigned by InterPro )
(FlyBase Curators et al., 2004-)
Biological Process (13 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (11 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
anterior/posterior axis specification
inferred from mutant phenotype
(assigned by UniProt )
(Tree et al., 2002)
axonal transport
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Ehaideb et al., 2014)
establishment of imaginal disc-derived wing hair orientation
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Hogan et al., 2011)
establishment of ommatidial planar polarity
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Zheng et al., 1995)
establishment of planar polarity
inferred from mutant phenotype
(assigned by UniProt )
(Tree et al., 2002)
establishment of tissue polarity
inferred from mutant phenotype
(assigned by UniProt )
(Tree et al., 2002)
establishment or maintenance of cell polarity
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Tree et al., 2002)
establishment or maintenance of microtubule cytoskeleton polarity
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Ehaideb et al., 2014)
morphogenesis of a polarized epithelium
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Classen et al., 2005)
positive regulation of axon extension
inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:DAAM; FB:FBgn0025641
(Gombos et al., 2015)
positive regulation of axon guidance
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Gombos et al., 2015)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (4 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
establishment of imaginal disc-derived wing hair orientation
traceable author statement
(Tree et al., 2002)
establishment of planar polarity
traceable author statement
(Torban et al., 2004, Mlodzik, 2002)
establishment of protein localization
traceable author statement
(Mlodzik, 2002)
maintenance of protein location
traceable author statement
(Mlodzik, 2002)
Cellular Component (3 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
plasma membrane
inferred from direct assay
(assigned by UniProt )
(Tree et al., 2002)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
cytoplasm
traceable author statement
(Mlodzik, 2002)
membrane
non-traceable author statement
(Mlodzik, 2002)
Expression Data
Expression Summary Ribbons
Colored tiles in ribbon indicate that expression data has been curated by FlyBase for that anatomical location. Colorless tiles indicate that there is no curated data for that location.
For complete stage-specific expression data, view the modENCODE Development RNA-Seq section under High-Throughput Expression below.
Transcript Expression
in situ
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
embryonic stage
ventral midline
(Gubb et al., 1999)
cephalic furrow
(Gubb et al., 1999)
embryonic stage 8
cephalic furrow
(Gubb et al., 1999)
embryonic stage 14
parasegmental furrow
(Gubb et al., 1999)
larval stage
eye disc
(Gubb et al., 1999)
imaginal disc
(Gubb et al., 1999)
wing disc
(Gubb et al., 1999)
third instar larval stage
eye disc posterior to the morphogenetic furrow
(Gubb et al., 1999)
pupal stage P6 -- P7
leg

Comment: reference states 28-34 hr APF

(Gubb et al., 1999)
wing

Comment: reference states 28-34 hr APF

(Gubb et al., 1999)
Additional Descriptive Data
In 28-34hr pupal wings, pk transcripts are expressed uniformly in intervein cells but not in presumptive vein regions. In pupal legs, transcripts are uniform in most cells but are excluded from the segmental boundaries. Low levels are detected in restricted domains in larval imaginal discs. In the eye disc, expression is detected in a stripe of cells behind the morphogenetic furrow. In wing discs, expression is higher along the dorsoventral compartment boundary. In embryos, a dynamic expression pattern is observed. Expression is highest in cells engaged in morphogenetic movements such as invaginating midline cells, the cephalic fold, and at parasegmental boundaries. Expression of the "pk" and "sple" isoforms is indistinguishable.
(Gubb et al., 1999)
"pkM" transcripts are detected only in embryos.
(Gubb et al., 1999)
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Polypeptide Expression
immunolocalization
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
embryonic stage 13 -- 16
embryonic/larval epidermis
(Mrkusich et al., 2011)
sensory system neuron
(Mrkusich et al., 2011)
embryonic stage 16
abdominal segmental nerve
(Mrkusich et al., 2011)
scolopidial neuron
(Mrkusich et al., 2011)
wandering third instar larval stage
embryonic/larval optic lobe
(Tao et al., 2011)
embryonic/larval ventricular ganglion
(Tao et al., 2011)
larval central brain
(Tao et al., 2011)
Additional Descriptive Data
pk protein is expressed in the cytoplasm of all sensory neurons and their axons and in the epidermis from embryonic stage 13 on through embryogenesis. It is also expressed in motor axons including motor nerve SNa in stage 16 embryos. High levels of pk are seen in the dendrites of chordotonal neurons at this stage.
(Mrkusich et al., 2011)
In wandering third instar larvae, pk is localized in the optic lobes as well as in central brain structures between the lobes, and to part of the ventral segmental ganglia.
(Tao et al., 2011)
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Evidence
References
plasma membrane
inferred from direct assay
(assigned by UniProt )
(Tree et al., 2002)
Expression Deduced from Reporters
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools

GBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\pk in GBrowse 2
RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region
Bulk Downloads
RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes
Reference
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle
Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis
External Data and Images
Linkouts
FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies
FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
Images
FlyBase Wiki
Image Based Resources
Alleles, Insertions, and Transgenic Constructs
Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 100 )
For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show
 
Other relevant insertions
Transgenic Constructs ( 26 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of pk
Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of pk
Deletions and Duplications ( 102 )
Disrupted in
Df(2R)cn-S5
(Heitzler et al., 1993)
Df(2R)Drlrv3
(Heitzler et al., 1993)
Df(2R)Drlrv5
(Heitzler et al., 1993)
Df(2R)Drlrv7
(Heitzler et al., 1993)
Df(2R)Drlrv15
(Heitzler et al., 1993)
Df(2R)Drlrv17
(Heitzler et al., 1993)
Df(2R)Drlrv18
(Heitzler et al., 1993)
Df(2R)Drlrv20
(Heitzler et al., 1993)
Df(2R)Drlrv24
(Heitzler et al., 1993)
Df(2R)Drlrv25
(Heitzler et al., 1993)
Df(2R)Drlrv26
(Heitzler et al., 1993)
Df(2R)Drlrv28
(Heitzler et al., 1993)
Df(2R)nap2
(Green et al., 2000, Gubb et al., 1999, Heitzler et al., 1993)
Df(2R)Npk-rv1
(Roote and Ashburner, 2005.6)
Df(2R)Npk-rv2
(Roote and Ashburner, 2005.6)
Df(2R)Npk-rv4
(Roote and Ashburner, 2005.6)
Df(2R)Npk-rv5
(Roote and Ashburner, 2005.6)
Df(2R)pk78k
(Ashburner et al., 1981)
Df(2R)pk78r
(Ashburner et al., 1981)
Df(2R)pk78s
(Ashburner et al., 1981)
Df(2R)pk30
(Green et al., 2000, Gubb et al., 1999)
Df(2R)pk-N5
(Gubb et al., 1999, Heitzler et al., 1993)
Df(2R)pk-sple-50
(Gubb et al., 1999)
Df(2R)pk-sple-51
(Gubb et al., 1999)
Df(2R)sple-78b
(Gubb and Garcia-Bellido, 1982)
Df(2R)sple-D1
(Heitzler et al., 1993)
Df(2R)sple-D2
(Green et al., 2000, Heitzler et al., 1993)
Df(2R)sple-D3
(Heitzler et al., 1993)
Df(2R)sple-J1
(Heitzler et al., 1993)
Df(2R)sple-J2
(Gubb et al., 1999, Heitzler et al., 1993)
Df(2R)sple-N3
(Heitzler et al., 1993)
Df(2R)ST1
(Ashburner et al., 1981)
In(2LR)pk-20
(Gubb et al., 1999)
In(2LR)pk-21
(Gubb et al., 1999)
In(2LR)pk44
(Gubb et al., 1999)
In(2LR)pkD1-rv1
(Roote, 1997.6.6)
In(2LR)pkD1-rv4
(Roote, 1997.6.6)
In(2LR)pkD1-rv5
(Roote, 1997.6.6)
In(2LR)pkD1-rv6
(Roote, 1997.6.6)
In(2LR)pkD1-rv7
(Roote, 1997.6.6)
In(2LR)pkD1-rv9
(Roote, 1997.6.6)
In(2LR)pkD1-rv2
(Roote, 1997.6.6)
In(2LR)pkD1-rv3
(Roote, 1997.6.6)
In(2LR)pkD1-rv8
(Roote, 1997.6.6)
In(2LR)pkD1-rv10
(Roote, 1997.6.6)
In(2LR)pkD1-rv11
(Roote, 1997.6.6)
In(2LR)pkD1-rv12
(Roote, 1997.6.6)
In(2LR)pk-sple47
(Gubb et al., 1999)
In(2LR)TE35B-4LTE35B-250R
(Roote, 1997.6.6)
In(2LR)TE35B-4
(Gubb et al., 1999, Gubb et al., 1986)
In(2LR)TE35B-14LTE35B-4R
(Roote, 1997.6.6, Roote, 1996.8)
In(2LR)TE35B-14LTE35B-250R
(Roote, 1997.6.6)
In(2R)CanB287
(Sullivan and Rubin, 2002)
In(2R)nec-5
(Gubb et al., 1999, Roote, 1995.9.26)
In(2R)nec-e3
(Gubb et al., 1999, Roote, 1995.9.26)
In(2R)pk-19
(Gubb et al., 1999)
In(2R)pk-sple40
(Gubb et al., 1999)
T(2;3)pk29
(Gubb et al., 1999, Gubb, 1998.2.25)
T(2;3)pk-sple31
(Gubb et al., 1999)
T(2;3)pk-sple37
(Gubb et al., 1999)
T(Y;2)pk-sple45
(Gubb et al., 1999)
Tp(2;2)pk-sple22
(Gubb et al., 1999, Heitzler et al., 1993)
Tp(2;2)pk-sple24
(Gubb et al., 1999)
Tp(2;2)pk-sple26
(Gubb et al., 1999, Roote, 1996.3.6)
Tp(2;2)pk-sple49
(Gubb et al., 1999)
Not disrupted in
Df(2L)C'
(Cicchetti and Loverre, 1989)
Df(2L)C
(Cicchetti and Loverre, 1989, Hilliker and Holm, 1975)
Df(2L)D'
(Cicchetti and Loverre, 1989, Hilliker and Holm, 1975)
Df(2L)D
(Cicchetti and Loverre, 1989, Hilliker and Holm, 1975)
Df(2L)TW65
(Cicchetti and Loverre, 1989)
Df(2L)TW161
(Cicchetti and Loverre, 1989)
Df(2R)B
(Hilliker and Holm, 1975)
Df(2R)cn-S3
(Heitzler et al., 1993)
Df(2R)cn-S6
(Heitzler et al., 1993)
Df(2R)cn-S8
(Heitzler et al., 1993)
Df(2R)cos-2
(Heitzler et al., 1993)
Df(2R)cos-3
(Heitzler et al., 1993)
Df(2R)Drlrv21
(Heitzler et al., 1993)
Df(2R)Drlrv22
(Heitzler et al., 1993)
Df(2R)Drlrv30
(Heitzler et al., 1993)
Df(2R)DX1
(Heitzler et al., 1993)
Df(2R)DX14
(Heitzler et al., 1993)
Df(2R)EW60
(Heitzler et al., 1993)
Df(2R)H23
(Heitzler et al., 1993)
Df(2R)M41A4
(Cicchetti and Loverre, 1989)
Df(2R)M41A8
(Cicchetti and Loverre, 1989)
Df(2R)M41A10
(Cicchetti and Loverre, 1989)
Df(2R)NCX5
(Heitzler et al., 1993)
Df(2R)NCX8
(Heitzler et al., 1993)
Df(2R)NCX9
(Heitzler et al., 1993)
Df(2R)NCX10
(Heitzler et al., 1993)
Df(2R)NCX11
(Heitzler et al., 1993)
Df(2R)NCX13
(Heitzler et al., 1993)
Df(2R)Npk-rv3
(Roote and Ashburner, 2005.6)
Df(2R)pwn5
(Heitzler et al., 1993)
Df(2R)rl-D
(Cicchetti and Loverre, 1989, Hilliker and Holm, 1975)
Df(2R)tor-rx6
(Heitzler et al., 1993)
In(2LR)TE35B-14
(Gubb et al., 1986)
T(2;3)EHH
(Hilliker and Holm, 1975)
Tp(1;2)TE35B-SR36
(Gubb et al., 1986)
Partially disrupted in
Df(2R)Npk-rv6
(Roote and Ashburner, 2005.6)
Df(2R)Npk-rv7
(Roote and Ashburner, 2005.6)
Phenotypes
For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.
Lethality
Allele
partially lethal - majority live
viable
viable, with Dcr-2UAS.cDa, Scer\GAL4elav.PLu
viable, with Scer\GAL4hs.2sev
viable, with Scer\GAL4Mef2.PR
viable, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237
viable, with Scer\GAL4tin.CΔ4
Sterility
Allele
fertile
Other Phenotypes
Allele
bang sensitive, with Scer\GAL4A51
bang sensitive, with Scer\GAL4elav-C155
bang sensitive | dominant
bang sensitive | semidominant
behavior defective
cell polarity defective
cell polarity defective, with Scer\GAL4hs.2sev
cell polarity defective, with Scer\GAL4ptc-559.1
cell polarity defective | cell non-autonomous, with Scer\GAL4Ubx.PdC
locomotor behavior defective | adult stage | recessive
neuroanatomy defective | embryonic stage
neurophysiology defective | adult stage | dominant
planar polarity defective
planar polarity defective, with Scer\GAL4Act5C.PI
planar polarity defective, with Scer\GAL4Act.PU
planar polarity defective, with Scer\GAL4C-765
planar polarity defective, with Scer\GAL4da.G32
planar polarity defective, with Scer\GAL4hs.2sev
planar polarity defective, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237
planar polarity defective, with Scer\GAL4ptc-559.1
planar polarity defective, with Scer\GAL4sd.PU
planar polarity defective, with Scer\GAL4αTub84B.PL
planar polarity defective | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4ptc.PU
planar polarity defective | cell autonomous, with Scer\GAL4ptc-559.1
planar polarity defective | cell autonomous | somatic clone
planar polarity defective | cell non-autonomous
planar polarity defective | cell non-autonomous | somatic clone
planar polarity defective | cell non-autonomous | somatic clone, with Scer\GAL4αTub84B.PL
planar polarity defective | dominant
planar polarity defective | recessive
planar polarity defective | recessive, with Scer\GAL4- :
planar polarity defective | somatic clone
planar polarity defective | somatic clone, with Scer\GAL4αTub84B.PL
planar polarity defective | somatic clone (with pkpk-sple-13)
planar polarity defective | somatic clone (with pksple-1)
visible
visible, with Scer\GAL4Act.PU
visible, with Scer\GAL4dpp.blk1
visible, with Scer\GAL4hs.2sev
visible | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4ptc.PU
visible | cold sensitive
visible | dominant
visible | recessive
visible | recessive, with Scer\GAL4- :
visual behavior defective
Phenotype manifest in
Allele
abdomen
abdomen & macrochaeta
abdominal sternite & macrochaeta
abdominal tergite & macrochaeta
adult abdominal segment posterior compartment, with Scer\GAL4αTub84B.PL
adult abdominal segment posterior compartment | somatic clone, with Scer\GAL4αTub84B.PL
embryonic/larval peripheral nervous system | embryonic stage
eye
eye photoreceptor cell | somatic clone
eye photoreceptor cell | somatic clone (with pkpk-sple-13)
eye photoreceptor cell | somatic clone (with pksple-1)
joint | ectopic
leg
leg & macrochaeta
leg & trichome
mesothoracic tergum & sensory mother cell & spindle
mesothoracic tergum | posterior, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237
metatarsus
metatarsus, with Scer\GAL4C-765
metatarsus, with Scer\GAL4da.G32
microtubule | larval stage, with Scer\GAL4Toll-6-D42
motor neuron | larval stage, with Scer\GAL4Toll-6-D42
ommatidium
ommatidium, with Scer\GAL4hs.2sev
ommatidium | somatic clone
ommatidium | somatic clone (with pkpk-sple-13)
ommatidium | somatic clone (with pksple-1)
photoreceptor cell R4 | precursor | somatic clone
scutum
scutum, with Scer\GAL4- :
segmental nerve | third instar larval stage
tarsal segment 1 & joint
tarsal segment 1 & joint, with Scer\GAL4C-765
tarsal segment 1 & joint, with Scer\GAL4da.G32
tarsal segment 2
tarsal segment 2, with Scer\GAL4C-765
tarsal segment 3
tarsal segment 3, with Scer\GAL4C-765
tarsal segment 3 & joint
tarsal segment 4
tarsal segment 4, with Scer\GAL4C-765
tarsal segment 4 & joint
tarsal segment, with Scer\GAL4- :
tarsal segment, with Scer\GAL4C-765
tarsal segment, with Scer\GAL4da.G32
tarsal segment & joint
thorax
trichome
trichome, with Scer\GAL4αTub84B.PL
trichome & adult abdomen
trichome & adult abdomen | somatic clone | cell autonomous
trichome & costal cell
triple row
triple row, with Scer\GAL4C-765
triple row, with Scer\GAL4da.G32
vesicle | third instar larval stage
wing
wing, with Scer\GAL4C-765
wing, with Scer\GAL4da.G32
wing & cell
wing & pupa & cell, with Scer\GAL4en-e16E
wing | cell autonomous | somatic clone
wing | cell non-autonomous | somatic clone
wing blade, with Scer\GAL4C-765
wing blade, with Scer\GAL4hs.PB
wing blade dorsal compartment
wing blade dorsal compartment, with Scer\GAL4Bx-MS1096
wing blade dorsal compartment | anterior
wing blade dorsal compartment | posterior (with pksple-1)
wing blade dorsal compartment | posterior (with pksple-27)
wing cell | P-stage
wing hair
wing hair, with Scer\GAL4Act5C.PI
wing hair, with Scer\GAL4Act.PU
wing hair, with Scer\GAL4Bx-MS1096
wing hair, with Scer\GAL4C-765
wing hair, with Scer\GAL4da.G32
wing hair, with Scer\GAL4dpp.blk1
wing hair, with Scer\GAL4hs.2sev
wing hair, with Scer\GAL4hs.PB
wing hair, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237
wing hair, with Scer\GAL4ptc-559.1
wing hair, with Scer\GAL4ptc.PU
wing hair, with Scer\GAL4Ubx.PdC
wing hair & 1st posterior cell, with Scer\GAL4ptc-559.1
wing hair & cell & pupa, with Scer\GAL4en-e16E
wing hair | somatic clone
Orthologs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Orthologs
Download All OrthoDB Orthologs
Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v7.1)
Homo sapiens (Human) (11)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
Isobase
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
RoundUp
TreeFam
ZFIN
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Hsap\PRICKLE1
11 of 15
Yes
Yes
Hsap\PRICKLE2
11 of 15
Yes
Yes
Hsap\PRICKLE3
8 of 15
No
Yes
 
Hsap\PRICKLE4
3 of 15
No
Yes
Hsap\FHL3
2 of 15
No
No
Hsap\FHL5
2 of 15
No
No
Hsap\FHL1
1 of 15
No
No
Hsap\LMCD1
1 of 15
No
No
Hsap\LMO7
1 of 15
No
No
Hsap\TES
1 of 15
No
No
Hsap\ZNF185
1 of 15
No
Yes
Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v7.1)
Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (13)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
Isobase
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
RoundUp
TreeFam
ZFIN
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Mmus\Prickle1
11 of 15
Yes
Yes
Mmus\Prickle2
11 of 15
Yes
Yes
Mmus\Prickle3
7 of 15
No
Yes
Mmus\Prickle4
3 of 15
No
Yes
Mmus\Fhl3
2 of 15
No
No
Mmus\Fhl5
2 of 15
No
No
Mmus\Fhl1
1 of 15
No
No
Mmus\Fhl4
1 of 15
No
No
Mmus\Gm4907
1 of 15
No
No
Mmus\Lmcd1
1 of 15
No
No
Mmus\Lmo7
1 of 15
No
No
Mmus\Tes
1 of 15
No
No
Mmus\Zfp185
1 of 15
No
Yes
Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (12)
Rnor\Prickle1
10 of 13
Yes
Yes
Rnor\Prickle2
10 of 13
Yes
Yes
Rnor\Prickle3
6 of 13
No
Yes
Rnor\Fhl3
2 of 13
No
No
Rnor\Fhl5
2 of 13
No
No
Rnor\Prickle4
2 of 13
No
Yes
Rnor\Fhl1
1 of 13
No
No
Rnor\Fhl2
1 of 13
No
No
Rnor\Fhl4
1 of 13
No
No
Rnor\Lmcd1
1 of 13
No
No
Rnor\Tesl
1 of 13
No
No
Rnor\Tes
1 of 13
No
No
Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (8)
Xtro\prickle1
8 of 12
Yes
Yes
Xtro\prickle2
5 of 12
No
Yes
Xtro\fhl5
2 of 12
No
No
Xtro\fhl2
1 of 12
No
No
Xtro\limch1
1 of 12
No
Yes
Xtro\lmo7
1 of 12
No
No
Xtro\prickle4
1 of 12
No
Yes
Xtro\scel
1 of 12
No
Yes
Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (19)
Drer\prickle1a
11 of 15
Yes
Yes
Drer\prickle2b
11 of 15
Yes
Yes
Drer\prickle1b
9 of 15
No
Yes
Drer\prickle3
7 of 15
No
Yes
Drer\prickle2a
6 of 15
No
Yes
Drer\fhl3b
2 of 15
No
Yes
Drer\tes
2 of 15
No
No
Drer\fhl1a
1 of 15
No
Yes
Drer\fhl1b
1 of 15
No
Yes
Drer\fhl2a
1 of 15
No
No
Drer\fhl2b
1 of 15
No
No
Drer\fhl3a
1 of 15
No
No
Drer\fhl5
1 of 15
No
Yes
Drer\limch1a
1 of 15
No
No
Drer\limch1b
1 of 15
No
Yes
Drer\lmcd1
1 of 15
No
No
Drer\lmo7a
1 of 15
No
No
Drer\lmo7b
1 of 15
No
Yes
Drer\znf185
1 of 15
No
Yes
Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (4)
Cele\prkl-1
9 of 15
Yes
Yes
Cele\lim-9
2 of 15
No
No
Cele\tes-1
2 of 15
No
No
Cele\pqn-22
1 of 15
No
Yes
Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (1)
Atha\WLIM1
1 of 9
Yes
No
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (3)
Scer\LRG1
1 of 15
Yes
No
Scer\RGA1
1 of 15
Yes
No
Scer\RGA2
1 of 15
Yes
No
Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (0)
No records found.
Orthologs in Drosophila Species (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG091901TV )
Organism
Common Name
Gene
AAA Syntenic Ortholog
Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly
Dmel\pk
Drosophila suzukii
Spotted wing Drosophila
Dsuz\DS10_00005639
Drosophila simulans
Dsim\GD10467
Drosophila sechellia
Dsec\GM20940
Drosophila erecta
Dere\GG23268
Drosophila yakuba
Dyak\GE19116
Drosophila ananassae
Dana\GF12702
Drosophila pseudoobscura pseudoobscura
Dpse\GA10748
Drosophila persimilis
Dper\GL11157
Drosophila willistoni
Dwil\GK21795
Drosophila virilis
Dvir\GJ15157
Drosophila mojavensis
Dmoj\GI19495
Drosophila grimshawi
Dgri\GH21524
Orthologs in non-Drosophila Dipterans (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG0915011V )
Organism
Common Name
Gene
Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group
Musca domestica
House fly
Mdoa\17016284
Musca domestica
House fly
Mdoa\17019088
Lucilia cuprina
Australian sheep blowfly
Lcup\FF38_02383
Lucilia cuprina
Australian sheep blowfly
Lcup\FF38_02392
Aedes aegypti
Yellow fever mosquito
Aaeg\pk
Anopheles darlingi
American malaria mosquito
Adar\ADAC000648
Culex quinquefasciatus
Southern house mosquito
Cqui\CPIJ012800
Orthologs in non-Dipteran Insects (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG090W01M8 )
Organism
Common Name
Gene
Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group
Bombyx mori
Silkmoth
Bmor\BGIBMGA012620
Bombyx mori
Silkmoth
Bmor\BGIBMGA012622
Danaus plexippus
Monarch butterfly
Dple\DPOGS210518-PA
Danaus plexippus
Monarch butterfly
Dple\DPOGS210519-PA
Heliconius melpomene
Postman butterfly
Hmel\HMEL016336
Heliconius melpomene
Postman butterfly
Hmel\HMEL009127
Apis florea
Little honeybee
Aflo\2280869428
Apis mellifera
Western honey bee
Amel\GB44796
Bombus impatiens
Common eastern bumble bee
Bimp\BIMP23054
Bombus terrestris
Buff-tailed bumblebee
Bter\15214122
Linepithema humile
Argentine ant
Lhum\LH21095
Megachile rotundata
Alfalfa leafcutting bee
Mrot\MROTU:002381
Nasonia vitripennis
Parasitic wasp
Nvit\Nasvi2EG018205
Dendroctonus ponderosae
Mountain pine beetle
Dpod\YQE_05050
Tribolium castaneum
Red flour beetle
Tcas\TC009830
Pediculus humanus
Human body louse
Phum\PHUM142030
Rhodnius prolixus
Kissing bug
Rpro\RPRC001568
Cimex lectularius
Bed bug
Clec\CLEC003461
Acyrthosiphon pisum
Pea aphid
Apim\ACYPI072425
Acyrthosiphon pisum
Pea aphid
Apim\ACYPI001229
Zootermopsis nevadensis
Nevada dampwood termite
Znev\Znev_04649
Orthologs in non-Insect Arthropods (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG090X01K8 )
Organism
Common Name
Gene
Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group
Strigamia maritima
European centipede
Smar\SMAR005458
Ixodes scapularis
Black-legged tick
Isca\ISCW000275
Stegodyphus mimosarum
African social velvet spider
Smim\KFM71395.1
Tetranychus urticae
Two-spotted spider mite
Turt\tetur02g10890
Daphnia pulex
Water flea
Dpux\DAPPUDRAFT_21094
Orthologs in non-Arthropod Metazoa (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG091G07C5 )
Organism
Common Name
Gene
Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group
Strongylocentrotus purpuratus
Purple sea urchin
Spur\Sp-Pric
Strongylocentrotus purpuratus
Purple sea urchin
Spur\Sp-Slc16a4L_5
Strongylocentrotus purpuratus
Purple sea urchin
Spur\Sp-Lmpt
Ciona intestinalis
Vase tunicate
Cint\ENSCING00000003946
Ciona intestinalis
Vase tunicate
Cint\pk1
Ciona intestinalis
Vase tunicate
Cint\LOC100175863
Gallus gallus
Domestic chicken
Ggal\LMCD1
Gallus gallus
Domestic chicken
Ggal\FHL1
Gallus gallus
Domestic chicken
Ggal\FHL5
Gallus gallus
Domestic chicken
Ggal\ENSGALG00000028262
Gallus gallus
Domestic chicken
Ggal\FHL2
Gallus gallus
Domestic chicken
Ggal\FHL3
Gallus gallus
Domestic chicken
Ggal\PRICKLE1
Gallus gallus
Domestic chicken
Ggal\PRICKLE2
Gallus gallus
Domestic chicken
Ggal\TES
Paralogs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Paralogs
Paralogs (via DIOPT v7.1)
Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (2)
Gene Symbol
Score
Source
Compara
eggNOG
Homologene
Inparanoid
Isobase
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
orthoMCL
Panther
RoundUp
Alignment
esn
8 of 10
Tes
2 of 10
Human Disease Associations
FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports
Disease Model Summary Ribbon
Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations
Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 3 )
Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 1 )
Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 1 )
Allele
Disease
Interaction
References
pksple-1
model of  epilepsy
is ameliorated by fafBX4
(Paemka et al., 2015)
is ameliorated by fafB3
(Paemka et al., 2015)
is ameliorated by fafBX3
(Paemka et al., 2015)
Comments on Models/Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
 
Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v7.1 and OMIM)
Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.
Homo sapiens (Human)
Gene name
Score
OMIM
OMIM Phenotype
DO term
Complementation?
Transgene?
PRICKLE1; prickle planar cell polarity protein 1
11 of 15
608500
PRICKLE2; prickle planar cell polarity protein 2
11 of 15
608501
      PRICKLE3; prickle planar cell polarity protein 3
      8 of 15
      300111
           
          PRICKLE4; prickle planar cell polarity protein 4
          3 of 15
          611389
              Functional Complementation Data
              Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.
              Interactions
              Summary of Physical Interactions
              Summary of Genetic Interactions
              esyN Network Diagram
              esyN Network Key:
              Suppression
              Enhancement
              View in Interactions Browser
              Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions
              Starting gene(s)
              Interaction type
              Interacting gene(s)
              Reference
              pk
              suppressible
              Akap200
              (Weber et al., 2012)
              pk
              enhanceable
              CG18858
              (Weber et al., 2012)
              pk
              enhanceable
              CG31687
              (Weber et al., 2012)
              pk
              enhanceable
              dgo
              (Jenny et al., 2003)
              pk
              enhanceable
              dsh
              (Jenny et al., 2003, Gubb et al., 1999)
              pk
              suppressible
              dsh
              (Jenny et al., 2003, Gubb et al., 1999)
              pk
              suppressible
              faf
              (Paemka et al., 2015)
              pk
              enhanceable
              fwd
              (Weber et al., 2012)
              pk
              suppressible
              fy
              (Lee and Adler, 2002)
              pk
              suppressible
              fz
              (Jenny et al., 2003)
              pk
              enhanceable
              fz
              (Jenny et al., 2003)
              pk
              enhanceable
              hwt
              (Weber et al., 2012)
              pk
              suppressible
              Khc
              (Ehaideb et al., 2014)
              pk
              suppressible
              Klc
              (Ehaideb et al., 2014)
              pk
              suppressible
              Mks1
              (Weber et al., 2012)
              pk
              enhanceable
              Rab23
              (Pataki et al., 2010)
              pk
              suppressible
              Rab23
              (Pataki et al., 2010)
              pk
              suppressible
              Rho1
              (Jenny et al., 2003)
              pk
              suppressible
              Rok
              (Jenny et al., 2003)
              pk
              enhanceable
              stan
              (Jenny et al., 2003)
              pk
              enhanceable
              Vang
              (Jenny et al., 2003, Taylor et al., 1998)
              Starting gene(s)
              Interaction type
              Interacting gene(s)
              Reference
              bdg
              suppressible
              pk
              (Rawls et al., 2007)
              DAAM
              enhanceable
              pk
              (Gombos et al., 2015)
              dco
              enhanceable
              pk
              (Strutt et al., 2006)
              dgo
              enhanceable
              pk
              (Jenny et al., 2005)
              dsh
              suppressible
              pk
              (Jenny et al., 2005, Tree et al., 2002, Gubb et al., 1999)
              dsh
              enhanceable
              pk
              (Gubb et al., 1999)
              fz
              enhanceable
              pk
              (Lawrence et al., 2004, Adler et al., 2000)
              in
              enhanceable
              pk
              (Lee and Adler, 2002)
              in
              suppressible
              pk
              (Lee and Adler, 2002)
              Mtl
              enhanceable
              pk
              (Muñoz-Descalzo et al., 2007)
              N
              suppressible
              pk
              (Cooper and Bray, 1999)
              nmo
              suppressible
              pk
              (Mirkovic et al., 2011)
              nmo
              enhanceable
              pk
              (Mirkovic et al., 2011)
              Rac1
              suppressible
              pk
              (Fanto et al., 2000)
              shi
              enhanceable
              pk
              (Classen et al., 2005)
              Vang
              enhanceable
              pk
              (Jenny et al., 2003, Rawls and Wolff, 2003)
              Vang
              suppressible
              pk
              (Adler et al., 2000, Taylor et al., 1998)
              External Data
              Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)
              Interacts with dsh; PET and LIM domains interact with dsh DEP domain, in wing cells. Interacts with Vang in photoreceptor cells.
              (UniProt, A1Z6W3 )
              Linkouts
              BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
              DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
              InterologFinder - Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets.
              MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
              MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
              Pathways
              Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data
              Chromosome (arm)
              2R
              Recombination map
              2-55
              Cytogenetic map
              42F3-43A1
              Sequence location
              2R:7,150,703..7,223,378 [+]
              FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
              Cytogenetic map
              Evidence for location
              42F3-43A1
              Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{lacW}vimark16722 and P{lacW}cosk16101
              Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
              Cytogenetic map
              Notes
              References
              43A1-43A2
              (Gubb, 1999.7.5)
              42E3-43C3
              (Ashburner et al., 1981)
              Placed in 42E3--43C3 by deficiency mapping. This cytological map position does not agree with FBrf0020044.
              (Ashburner et al., 1981)
              Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
              Location
              2-55
              (FlyBase, 2016, Goldschmidt, 1944)
              2-56.3
              (Comeron et al., 2012)
              2-55.3
              (Grau and Simpson, 1987)
              2-56
              (Ashburner et al., 1981)
              2-53
              (Craymer, 1980)
              Left of (cM)
              (Ashburner et al., 1981)
              (Grau and Simpson, 1987, Ashburner et al., 1981)
              Right of (cM)
              Notes
              The cellular polarity gene pk and the adult lethal nec gene map within the proximal region of pk-sple complex among a set of 3 Serpin transcripts.
              (Gubb and Green, 1995)
              Alleles of the 'prickle' phenotypic class map to the left of alleles of the 'sple' phenotypic class.
              (Grau and Simpson, 1987)
              Genetic map position is approximate.
              (Ashburner et al., 1981)
              Stocks and Reagents
              Stocks (60)
              Genomic Clones (45)
              cDNA Clones (117)
               

              Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see GBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

              cDNA clones, fully sequences
              BDGP DGC clones
              Other clones
              Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

              For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

              cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
              BDGP DGC clones
              Other clones
              RNAi and Array Information
              Linkouts
              DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
              GenomeRNAi - A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents
              Antibody Information
              Laboratory Generated Antibodies
               
              polyclonal
              (Olofsson et al., 2014, Strutt et al., 2013)
              Commercially Available Antibodies
               
              Other Information
              Relationship to Other Genes
              Source for database identify of
              Source for database merge of
              Source for merge of: pk CG11084
              (Bayraktaroglu, 2000.4.13)
              Source for merge of: pk CG12830
              (FlyBase Genome Annotators, 2002-2003)
              Additional comments
              Annotations CG12830 and CG11084 merged as CG11084 (which corresponds to pk) in release 3 of the genome annotation.
              (FlyBase Genome Annotators, 2002-2003)
              Other Comments
              During development of the bristle lineage, Vang protein is localised in an anterior crescent in dividing sensillum precursor cells.
              (Bellaiche et al., 2004)
              Mutations in fz-like class of genes fz, pk, Vang, stan and dsh act as strong enhancers of weak in or fy phenotypes.
              (Lee and Adler, 2002)
              in and fy are needed for cells to respond to pk and stan. Genetic analysis is not consistent with fz-like class of genes fz, pk, Vang, stan and dsh acting simply as positive or negative regulators of in and fy.
              (Lee and Adler, 2002)
              pk is required for a feedback loop that generates asymmetric planar cell polarity signalling in the wing.
              (Tree et al., 2002)
              The "Pk" class of alleles carry molecular lesions within the proximal 30kb of the transcription unit, whereas the "Pk-Sple" class of alleles map to the distal section of the transcription unit. In direction of increasing cytology: Spn43Aa+ pk+ Spn43Ab- nec- pk+ Ady43A-
              (Gubb et al., 1999)
              Alleles can be divided into three phenotypic classes, "Pk", "Pk-Sple", and "Sple". No allele causes an embryonic phenotype, even when homozygous mutant embryos develop from homozygous mutant mothers. Deletions of the pk gene are fully viable and fertile. The defects of the double mutant "Pk-Sple" class are the same as those seen with deletions of the entire gene. Paradoxically the "Pk" and "Sple" classes give more severe phenotypes with "Pk" affecting the wing and notum and "Sple" in the legs abdomen and eyes.
              (Gubb et al., 1999)
              The balance between the pk isoforms "Pk" and "Sple" is critical for the specification of planar polarity.
              (Gubb et al., 1999)
              pk is a slightly haploinsufficient gene. A deficiency for pk (and some pk point mutants) shows a weak, partially penetrant dominant tissue polarity phenotype. This effect is enhanced by several Vang alleles. Phenotypic data suggest that genetics of Vang and its interactions with pk are complex. Several, but not all, Vang alleles act as enhancers of the pk haploinsufficient tissue polarity phenotype, and the pkTBJ21 antimorphic phenotype. Mutations in pk can also act as suppressors of Vang dominant phenotypes.
              (Taylor et al., 1998)
              Mutants do not exhibit defects in the denticle belt of hairs of the larvae.
              (Dickinson and Thatcher, 1997)
              In pk mutants the dorsal/ventral boundary in the eye is respected but the mechanism for ommatidial polarization is perturbed. A likely explanation for the observed phenotype is that the fates of dorsal and ventral cells within a cluster have been interchanged.
              (Choi et al., 1996)
              Mosaic analysis demonstrates pk function in either R3, R4 or R5 photoreceptor cell appears to be sufficient to drive an ommatidium in the right direction.
              (Zheng et al., 1995)
              Polarity pattern of wing, haltere and notum altered. Triple row bristles on anterior wing slanted proximally instead of distally. On the notum, the posterior acrostichal bristles are whorled.
              (Lindsley and Zimm, 1992)
              Trichomes near L2 vein arranged in counterclockwise whorl on right wing blade, in clockwise whorl on left blade; trichomes in anterior wing occasionally duplicated. Somatic clones of homozygous pk mutant cells have been generated. Not a vital locus.
              (Gubb and Garcia-Bellido, 1982)
              "AQ254872; BDGP:EP (2)2557" was stated as revision.
              Origin and Etymology
              Discoverer
              Ives, Nov. 1938.
              Etymology
              Identification
              External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 66 )
              Sequence Crossreferences
              NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.
              GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.
              GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.
              RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.
              UniProt/Swiss-Prot - Manually annotated and reviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
              UniProt/TrEMBL - Automatically annotated and unreviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
              Other crossreferences
              Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones
              Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
              Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
              Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.
              GenomeRNAi - A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents
              InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
              KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.
              KEGG Pathways - Wiring diagrams of molecular interactions, reactions and relations.
              modMine - A data warehouse for the modENCODE project
              Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.
              Linkouts
              BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
              DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
              DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
              FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies
              FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
              FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics
              Interactive Fly - A cyberspace guide to Drosophila development and metazoan evolution
              InterologFinder - Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets.
              KEGG Pathways - Wiring diagrams of molecular interactions, reactions and relations.
              MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
              MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
              Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.
              Synonyms and Secondary IDs (16)
              Reported As
              Symbol Synonym
              CG11084
              (Ni et al., 2010.12.1, Keleman et al., 2009.8.5)
              CG12830
              (Luschnig, 2003.12.17)
              PK
              (Bayly and Axelrod, 2011)
              Pk
              (Bonello and Peifer, 2019, Strutt et al., 2019, Collu et al., 2018, Humphries and Mlodzik, 2018, Carvajal-Gonzalez et al., 2016, Schenkelaars et al., 2016, Strutt et al., 2016, Schweisguth, 2015, Abley et al., 2013, Ezan and Montcouquiol, 2013, Fischer et al., 2013, Hazelwood and Hancock, 2013, Lawrence and Casal, 2013, Matis and Axelrod, 2013, Strutt et al., 2013, Zuo et al., 2013, Muñoz-Soriano et al., 2012, Sagner et al., 2012, Singh and Mlodzik, 2012, Weber et al., 2012, Axelrod and Tomlin, 2011, Hermle et al., 2011, Matsubara et al., 2011, Strutt et al., 2011, McNeill, 2010, Chung et al., 2008, Collier et al., 2008, Ma et al., 2008, Sweede et al., 2008, Humbert et al., 2006, Fanto and McNeill, 2004, Torban et al., 2004, Schweisguth et al., 2003)
              Pk-Sple
              (Collu et al., 2018, Eaton, 2003)
              Sple
              (Daulat et al., 2012, Collier et al., 2008, Doyle and Collier, 2008)
              pk
              (Maier, 2019, Meltzer, 2019-, Meltzer et al., 2019, Strutt et al., 2019, Collu et al., 2018, Ikawa and Sugimura, 2018, Johan Arief et al., 2018, Franz et al., 2017, Transgenic RNAi Project members, 2017-, Carvajal-Gonzalez et al., 2016, Gene Disruption Project members, 2016-, Duff et al., 2015, Galic and Matis, 2015, Gombos et al., 2015, Kroll et al., 2015, Morozova et al., 2015, Paemka et al., 2015, Yang and Mlodzik, 2015, Zirin et al., 2015, Ayukawa et al., 2014, Ehaideb et al., 2014, Guarner et al., 2014, Vernes, 2014, Wang et al., 2014, Lawrence and Casal, 2013, Podratz et al., 2013, Strutt et al., 2013, Strutt et al., 2013, Butchar et al., 2012, Capilla et al., 2012, Daulat et al., 2012, Kuroda et al., 2012, Muñoz-Soriano et al., 2012, Weber et al., 2012, Goodrich and Strutt, 2011, Hogan et al., 2011, Luo et al., 2011, Mirkovic et al., 2011, Mirkovic et al., 2011, Mrkusich et al., 2011, Olguín et al., 2011, Shimizu et al., 2011, Tao et al., 2011, Djiane and Mlodzik, 2010, Lu et al., 2010, Mourikis et al., 2010, Pataki et al., 2010, Silicheva et al., 2010, Chung et al., 2009, Fetting et al., 2009, Hazelett et al., 2009, Lin and Gubb, 2009, Zhu, 2009, Chen et al., 2008, Dahmann et al., 2008, Doyle et al., 2008, Fiehler and Wolff, 2008, Strutt and Strutt, 2008, Strutt and Warrington, 2008, Zhou et al., 2008, Beltran et al., 2007, Chung et al., 2007, Fiehler and Wolff, 2007, König et al., 2007, Lawrence et al., 2007, Muñoz-Descalzo et al., 2007, Rawls et al., 2007, Shirai et al., 2007, Strutt and Strutt, 2007, Le Garrec et al., 2006, Price et al., 2006, Ren et al., 2006, Shimada et al., 2006, Strutt et al., 2006, Brown and Feder, 2005, Classen et al., 2005, Jenny et al., 2005, Strutt and Strutt, 2005, Lawrence et al., 2004, Jenny et al., 2003, He and Adler, 2002)
              pk-sple
              (Peng et al., 2012, Weber et al., 2012, Montrasio et al., 2007, Das et al., 2004, Lawrence et al., 2004, Strutt et al., 2002, Boutros and Mlodzik, 1999, Mlodzik, 1999, Gubb, 1998)
              pkM
              (Daulat et al., 2012)
              sple
              (Galic and Matis, 2015, Paemka et al., 2015, Ezan and Montcouquiol, 2013, Lin and Gubb, 2009, Doyle et al., 2008, Collier et al., 2005, del Alamo et al., 2002, Strutt et al., 2002, Clandinin and Zipursky, 2000, Meinertzhagen, 2000, Cooper and Bray, 1999, Choi et al., 1996, Gubb and Green, 1995, Zheng et al., 1995, Grau and Simpson, 1987, Craymer, 1980, Goldschmidt, 1944)
              Name Synonyms
              Prickle
              (Saito et al., 2018, Richardson and Portela, 2017, Dollar et al., 2016, Sadeqzadeh et al., 2014, Abley et al., 2013, Ezan and Montcouquiol, 2013, Hazelwood and Hancock, 2013, Strutt et al., 2013, Daulat et al., 2012, Muñoz-Soriano et al., 2012, Sagner et al., 2012, Singh and Mlodzik, 2012, Weber et al., 2012, Hogan et al., 2011, Matsubara et al., 2011, Chen et al., 2008, Chung et al., 2008, Collier et al., 2008, Doyle et al., 2008, Strutt and Strutt, 2008, Sweede et al., 2008, Kerszberg and Wolpert, 2007, Strutt and Strutt, 2007, Djiane et al., 2006, Singla, 2006, Strutt, 2005, Fanto and McNeill, 2004, Huang and Klein, 2004)
              Spiny leg
              (Ezan and Montcouquiol, 2013)
              prickle
              (Collu et al., 2018, Kroll et al., 2015, Paemka et al., 2015, Yang and Mlodzik, 2015, Ehaideb et al., 2014, Paemka et al., 2013, Podratz et al., 2013, Kuroda et al., 2012, Furman and Bukharina, 2011, Michaut et al., 2011, Mrkusich et al., 2011, Tao et al., 2011, Mourikis et al., 2010, Pataki et al., 2010, Fetting et al., 2009, Doyle and Collier, 2008, Fiehler and Wolff, 2007, Lawrence et al., 2007, Gordon and Nusse, 2006, Le Garrec et al., 2006, Quaiser, 2006, Strutt et al., 2006, Burnette et al., 2005, Burnette et al., 2005, Held, 2005, Leptin, 2005, Strutt and Strutt, 2005, He and Adler, 2002)
              prickle-spiny legs
              (Yang and Mlodzik, 2015, Ackley and Jin, 2004, Mlodzik, 2002)
              prickle-spiny-legs
              (Lin and Gubb, 2003, Cadigan, 2002, Strutt and Strutt, 1999)
              spiny legs
              Secondary FlyBase IDs
              • FBgn0003477
              • FBgn0033151
              • FBgn0040783
              Datasets (0)
              Study focus (0)
              Experimental Role
              Project
              Project Type
              Title
              References (312)