Gene Dmel\pk

FlyGene Wiki Help Close All Open All

General Information

Symbol

Dmel\pk

Species

D. melanogaster

Name

prickle

Annotation symbol

CG11084

Feature type

protein_coding_gene

FlyBase ID

FBgn0003090

Gene Model Status

Current

Stock availability

50 publicly available

Also Known As

sple, pk-sple

Genomic Location

Chromosome (arm)

Recombination map

2-55.3

Cytogenetic map

42F3-43A1

Sequence location

2R:3,038,208..3,110,883 [+]

Genomic Maps

Select View:

Summary Information

Automatically generated summary

See sections below for more information

The gene prickle is referred to in FlyBase by the symbol Dmel\pk (CG11084, FBgn0003090). It is a protein_coding_gene from Drosophila melanogaster. There is experimental evidence that it has the molecular function: protein binding. There is experimental evidence that it is involved in the biological process: establishment or maintenance of cell polarity; establishment of imaginal disc-derived wing hair orientation; establishment of ommatidial planar polarity; morphogenesis of a polarized epithelium. 102 alleles are reported. The phenotypes of these alleles are annotated with: adult segment; organ system subdivision; organ system; thoracic segment; appendage segment; external compound sense organ; metatarsus; integumentary specialisation; peripheral nervous system; acellular anatomical structure; sense organ. It has 3 annotated transcripts and 3 annotated polypeptides. Protein features are: PET domain; Zinc finger, LIM-type. Summary of modENCODE Temporal Expression Profile: Temporal profile ranges from a peak of moderately high expression to a trough of very low expression. Peak expression observed within 06-18 hour embryonic stages, at stages throughout the pupal period. Summary of FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data: Expression at moderate levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: larval central nervous system. Comments on Affy2 ProbeSet: ProbeSet 1636612_a_at completely aligns to an exonic region common to each of the 3 FlyBase-annotated transcript isoforms of pk. Gene sequence location is 2R:3038208..3110883.

User Contributed Data

Beta version, feedback welcome

External Summaries

Phenotypic Description from the Red Book (Lindsley & Zimm 1992)

Gene/Allele symbols may differ from current usage

pk: prickle

Polarity pattern of wing, haltere, and notum altered in mutants. Chaetae of triple row on anterior wing slanted anteriorly instead of posteriorly. Trichomes near L2 vein arranged in counterclockwise whorl on right wing blade, in clockwise whorl on left blade; trichomes in anterior wing occasionally duplicated (Gubb and Garcia-Bellido, 1982). On the notum, the posterior acrostichals are irregularly erect and whorled. Occasionally, extra dorsocentral and scutellar bristles appear at temperatures above 23. Mutant flies slightly larger than wild type. Gubb and Garcia-Bellido (1982) describe somatic clones of homozygous pk cells.

sple: spiny legs

Polarity of chaetae and trichomes on legs irregular; relations between bracts and bristles disrupted. High incidence of ectopic tarsal joints with inverted polarity, especially in tarsae 3 and 4; incomplete intersegmental membranes between tarsal segments, especially between segments 3 and 4; no extra sensilla companiformia despite extra joints. Chaetae on abdominal tergites turned toward midline instead of pointing posteriorly as in wild type; polarity of bristles on sternites disrupted as well.

sple3

A low-temperature-sensitive allele. Legs of flies raised at 19 highly condensed with incomplete joints, haphazard bristle pattern, occasional increase in number of bristle rows, and absence of some prominent markers. Flies unable to walk and soon get stuck in food. In sple3 flies raised at 28 53% of legs, though apparently normal, display abnormalities such as swollen second, third, and fourth tarsal segments, abnormal tarsal joints and reversals in bristle orientation in the middle of every segment; such flies able to walk and breed. About 30% of legs show phenotype intermediate between the two phenotypes described above. Mutant phenotype expressed in the homeotic legs of Antp and ssa; also expressed in mitotic clones.

Recent Updates

Description

What does this section display?

This section contains items that were added to this record for each release. It currently only tracks new links between this FlyBase report and other FlyBase data classes (e.g. genes, references, stocks) or controlled vocabulary terms (e.g. GO, anatomy terms).

What does this section not display?

This section does not currently display links that were removed or gene model changes.

Update Feed

Click the icon below to subscribe to this FlyBase record and receive updates automatically through your feed reader.

FB2013_03

Alleles

pk[DOr]

FB2013_02

All updates

Click here to see a list of all updates to this record from FB2010_08 and on.

Detailed Mapping Data

FlyBase Computed Cytological Location

Cytogenetic map

Evidence for location

42F3-43A1

Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{lacW}vimar^k16722 and P{lacW}cos^k16101

Experimentally Determined Cytological Location

Cytogenetic map

Notes

References

43A1-43A2

(Gubb, 1999.7.5)

42E3-43C3

Placed in 42E3--43C3 by deficiency mapping. This cytological map position does not agree with FBrf0020044.

(Ashburner et al., 1981)

Experimentally Determined Recombination Data

Location

2-55.3

(Grau and Simpson, 1987, )

2-56

(Ashburner et al., 1981)

2-53

(Craymer, 1980)

2-55

(Goldschmidt, 1944)

Left of (cM)

(Ashburner et al., 1981)

(Ashburner et al., 1981, Grau and Simpson, 1987)

Right of (cM)

Notes

Genetic map position is approximate.

(Ashburner et al., 1981)

Alleles of the 'prickle' phenotypic class map to the left of alleles of the 'sple' phenotypic class.

(Grau and Simpson, 1987)

The cellular polarity gene pk and the adult lethal nec gene map within the proximal region of pk-sple complex among a set of 3 Serpin transcripts.

(Gubb and Green, 1995)

Gene Model & Products

Please see the GBrowse view of Dmel\pk for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Comments on Gene Model

Low-frequency RNA-Seq exon junction(s) not annotated.

Gene model reviewed during 5.48

Transcript Data

Annotated Transcripts

Name

FlyBase ID

RefSeq ID

Length (nt)

Associated CDS (aa)

pk-RA

FBtr0089042

NM_165508

4241

963

pk-RB

FBtr0089043

NM_165509

4109

1029

pk-RC

FBtr0089044

NM_165512

5224

1299

Additional Transcript Data & Comments

Reported size (kB)

5.1, 4.2 (northern blot)

(Gubb et al., 1999)

Comments

External Data

Crossreferences

Polypeptide Data

Annotated Polypeptides

Name

FlyBase ID

Predicted MW (kDa)

Length (aa)

Theoretical pI

RefSeq ID

GenBank protein

pk-PA

FBpp0088113

104.7

963

7.23

NP_724534

AAM68908

pk-PB

FBpp0088114

111.8

1029

6.94

NP_724535

AAF59284

pk-PC

FBpp0088115

140.7

1299

6.87

NP_724538

AAF59281

Additional Polypeptide Data & Comments

Reported size (kDa)

1206, 936, 870 (aa)

(Gubb et al., 1999)

Comments

External Data

Linkouts

Crossreferences

InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites

•

Zinc finger, LIM-type (IPR001781)

PET domain (IPR010442)

Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model

DDBJ /
EMBL /
GenBank

DNA sequence

Protein sequence

Name

A1Z6W3

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Q3YNB2

Mapped Features

Mapped Features have been reorganized, please see this article for details.

Additional mapped features and mutations can be found on GBrowse or related reports.

Type

Symbol & Location

Additional Notes

References

External Data

Linkouts

Crossreferences

Expression Data

Transcript Expression

in situ

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

embryonic stage

ventral midline

(Gubb et al., 1999)

cephalic furrow

(Gubb et al., 1999)

embryonic stage 8

cephalic furrow

(Gubb et al., 1999)

embryonic stage 14

parasegmental furrow

(Gubb et al., 1999)

larval stage

eye disc

(Gubb et al., 1999)

imaginal disc

(Gubb et al., 1999)

wing disc

(Gubb et al., 1999)

third instar larval stage

morphogenetic furrow | posterior to

(Gubb et al., 1999)

pupal stage P6 -- P7

leg

(Gubb et al., 1999)

Comment:reference states 28-34 hr APF

wing

(Gubb et al., 1999)

Comment:reference states 28-34 hr APF

Additional Descriptive Data

In 28-34hr pupal wings, pk transcripts are expressed uniformly in intervein cells but not in presumptive vein regions. In pupal legs, transcripts are uniform in most cells but are excluded from the segmental boundaries. Low levels are detected in restricted domains in larval imaginal discs. In the eye disc, expression is detected in a stripe of cells behind the morphogenetic furrow. In wing discs, expression is higher along the dorsoventral compartment boundary. In embryos, a dynamic expression pattern is observed. Expression is highest in cells engaged in morphogenetic movements such as invaginating midline cells, the cephalic fold, and at parasegmental boundaries. Expression of the "pk" and "sple" isoforms is indistinguishable.

(Gubb et al., 1999)

"pkM" transcripts are detected only in embryos.

(Gubb et al., 1999)

Marker for

Subcellular Localization

CV Term

Polypeptide Expression

Additional Descriptive Data

Marker for

Subcellular Localization (GO Cellular Component)

CV term

Evidence

References

Expression Deduced from Reporters

High-Throughput Expression Data

Associated Tools

Reference

See Gelbart and Emmert, 2010.10.13 for analysis details and data files for all genes.

FlyAtlas Anatomy Microarray

FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data

(FlyAtlas-RNA.adult)

(FlyAtlas-RNA.larva)

	Styles
	Linear
	Logarithmic
	Heatmap
	Back-to-back
	Scales
	gene max expression
	Moderate expression bin max
	High level expression bin max
	Very high expression bin max

Summary of FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data: Expression at moderate levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: larval central nervous system.
[download data (TSV)]

Guide to FlyAtlas expression level colors
	No expression (0 - 9.999)
	Low expression (10 - 99.999)
	Moderate expression (100 - 499.999)
	High level expression (500 - 999.999)
	Very high expression (>999.999)

Linear, scaled to maximum expression level
Tissue		Expression Level
Larval Central Nervous System		199.5
Larval Midgut		7.7
Larval Hindgut		34.3
Larval Malpighian Tubules		4.7
Larval Fat Body		7.1
Larval Salivary Gland		6.5
Larval Trachea		78.275
Larval Carcass		29.675
Adult Head		20.3
Adult Eye		47.4
Adult Brain		17.3
Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion		16.9
Adult Crop		61.6
Adult Midgut		21.3
Adult Hindgut		42.1
Adult Malpighian Tubules		6
Adult Fat Body		15.3
Adult Salivary Gland		7.8
Adult Heart		4.975
Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca		24.1
Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca		21.1
Adult Ovary		6
Adult Testis		9.7
Adult Male Accessory Gland		23.9
Adult Carcass		32.7
Expression Level Scale		None Low Moderate

Linear, scaled to Moderate expression
Tissue		Expression Level
Larval Central Nervous System		199.5
Larval Midgut		7.7
Larval Hindgut		34.3
Larval Malpighian Tubules		4.7
Larval Fat Body		7.1
Larval Salivary Gland		6.5
Larval Trachea		78.275
Larval Carcass		29.675
Adult Head		20.3
Adult Eye		47.4
Adult Brain		17.3
Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion		16.9
Adult Crop		61.6
Adult Midgut		21.3
Adult Hindgut		42.1
Adult Malpighian Tubules		6
Adult Fat Body		15.3
Adult Salivary Gland		7.8
Adult Heart		4.975
Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca		24.1
Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca		21.1
Adult Ovary		6
Adult Testis		9.7
Adult Male Accessory Gland		23.9
Adult Carcass		32.7
Expression Level Scale		None Low Moderate High

Linear, scaled to High level expression
Tissue		Expression Level
Larval Central Nervous System		199.5
Larval Midgut		7.7
Larval Hindgut		34.3
Larval Malpighian Tubules		4.7
Larval Fat Body		7.1
Larval Salivary Gland		6.5
Larval Trachea		78.275
Larval Carcass		29.675
Adult Head		20.3
Adult Eye		47.4
Adult Brain		17.3
Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion		16.9
Adult Crop		61.6
Adult Midgut		21.3
Adult Hindgut		42.1
Adult Malpighian Tubules		6
Adult Fat Body		15.3
Adult Salivary Gland		7.8
Adult Heart		4.975
Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca		24.1
Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca		21.1
Adult Ovary		6
Adult Testis		9.7
Adult Male Accessory Gland		23.9
Adult Carcass		32.7
Expression Level Scale		None Low Moderate High Very high

Linear, scaled to Very high expression
Tissue		Expression Level
Larval Central Nervous System		199.5
Larval Midgut		7.7
Larval Hindgut		34.3
Larval Malpighian Tubules		4.7
Larval Fat Body		7.1
Larval Salivary Gland		6.5
Larval Trachea		78.275
Larval Carcass		29.675
Adult Head		20.3
Adult Eye		47.4
Adult Brain		17.3
Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion		16.9
Adult Crop		61.6
Adult Midgut		21.3
Adult Hindgut		42.1
Adult Malpighian Tubules		6
Adult Fat Body		15.3
Adult Salivary Gland		7.8
Adult Heart		4.975
Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca		24.1
Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca		21.1
Adult Ovary		6
Adult Testis		9.7
Adult Male Accessory Gland		23.9
Adult Carcass		32.7
Expression Level Scale		Very high

log, scaled to maximum expression level
Tissue		Expression Level
Larval Central Nervous System		199.5
Larval Midgut		7.7
Larval Hindgut		34.3
Larval Malpighian Tubules		4.7
Larval Fat Body		7.1
Larval Salivary Gland		6.5
Larval Trachea		78.275
Larval Carcass		29.675
Adult Head		20.3
Adult Eye		47.4
Adult Brain		17.3
Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion		16.9
Adult Crop		61.6
Adult Midgut		21.3
Adult Hindgut		42.1
Adult Malpighian Tubules		6
Adult Fat Body		15.3
Adult Salivary Gland		7.8
Adult Heart		4.975
Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca		24.1
Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca		21.1
Adult Ovary		6
Adult Testis		9.7
Adult Male Accessory Gland		23.9
Adult Carcass		32.7
Expression Level Scale		None Low Moderate

log, scaled to Moderate expression
Tissue		Expression Level
Larval Central Nervous System		199.5
Larval Midgut		7.7
Larval Hindgut		34.3
Larval Malpighian Tubules		4.7
Larval Fat Body		7.1
Larval Salivary Gland		6.5
Larval Trachea		78.275
Larval Carcass		29.675
Adult Head		20.3
Adult Eye		47.4
Adult Brain		17.3
Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion		16.9
Adult Crop		61.6
Adult Midgut		21.3
Adult Hindgut		42.1
Adult Malpighian Tubules		6
Adult Fat Body		15.3
Adult Salivary Gland		7.8
Adult Heart		4.975
Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca		24.1
Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca		21.1
Adult Ovary		6
Adult Testis		9.7
Adult Male Accessory Gland		23.9
Adult Carcass		32.7
Expression Level Scale		None Low Moderate High

log, scaled to High level expression
Tissue		Expression Level
Larval Central Nervous System		199.5
Larval Midgut		7.7
Larval Hindgut		34.3
Larval Malpighian Tubules		4.7
Larval Fat Body		7.1
Larval Salivary Gland		6.5
Larval Trachea		78.275
Larval Carcass		29.675
Adult Head		20.3
Adult Eye		47.4
Adult Brain		17.3
Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion		16.9
Adult Crop		61.6
Adult Midgut		21.3
Adult Hindgut		42.1
Adult Malpighian Tubules		6
Adult Fat Body		15.3
Adult Salivary Gland		7.8
Adult Heart		4.975
Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca		24.1
Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca		21.1
Adult Ovary		6
Adult Testis		9.7
Adult Male Accessory Gland		23.9
Adult Carcass		32.7
Expression Level Scale		None Low Moderate High Very high

log, scaled to Very high expression
Tissue		Expression Level
Larval Central Nervous System		199.5
Larval Midgut		7.7
Larval Hindgut		34.3
Larval Malpighian Tubules		4.7
Larval Fat Body		7.1
Larval Salivary Gland		6.5
Larval Trachea		78.275
Larval Carcass		29.675
Adult Head		20.3
Adult Eye		47.4
Adult Brain		17.3
Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion		16.9
Adult Crop		61.6
Adult Midgut		21.3
Adult Hindgut		42.1
Adult Malpighian Tubules		6
Adult Fat Body		15.3
Adult Salivary Gland		7.8
Adult Heart		4.975
Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca		24.1
Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca		21.1
Adult Ovary		6
Adult Testis		9.7
Adult Male Accessory Gland		23.9
Adult Carcass		32.7
Expression Level Scale		None Low Moderate High Very high

Heatmap
Tissue		Expression Level
Larval Central Nervous System
Larval Midgut
Larval Hindgut
Larval Malpighian Tubules
Larval Fat Body
Larval Salivary Gland
Larval Trachea
Larval Carcass
Adult Head
Adult Eye
Adult Brain
Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion
Adult Crop
Adult Midgut
Adult Hindgut
Adult Malpighian Tubules
Adult Fat Body
Adult Salivary Gland
Adult Heart
Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca
Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca
Adult Ovary
Adult Testis
Adult Male Accessory Gland
Adult Carcass

FlyAtlas Organ/Tissue Expression, larval vs. adult
Larval Expression Level	Tissue	Adult Expression Level
NA	Head	20.3
NA	Eye	47.4
NA	Brain	17.3
199.5	Central Nervous System	NA
NA	Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion	16.9
NA	Crop	61.6
7.7	Midgut	21.3
34.3	Hindgut	42.1
4.7	Malpighian Tubules	6
7.1	Fat Body	no informative data
6.5	Salivary Gland	7.8
NA	Heart	4.975
78.275	Trachea	NA
NA	VirginFemale Spermatheca	24.1
NA	InseminatedFemale Spermatheca	21.1
NA	Ovary	6
NA	Testis	9.7
NA	Male Accessory Gland	no informative data
29.675	Carcass	32.7

FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data (Chintapalli et al., 2007)

modENCODE Anatomy RNA-Seq

modENCODE Tissue Expression Data

(modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_tissues)

	Styles
	Linear
	Logarithmic
	Heatmap
	Scales
	gene max expression
	Moderate expression bin max
	High expression bin max
	Extremely high expression bin max

[download data (TSV)]

Guide to modENCODE expression level colors
	No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)
	Very low expression (1 - 3)
	Low expression (4 - 10)
	Moderate expression (11 - 25)
	Moderately high expression (26 - 50)
	High expression (51 - 100)
	Very high expression (101 - 1000)
	Extremely high expression (>1000)

Linear, scaled to maximum expression level
Tissue		Expression Level
imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering		20
central nervous system, larvae L3		17
central nervous system, pupae P8		4
head, virgin 1-day female		2
head, virgin 4-day female		3
head, virgin 20-day female		2
head, mated 1-day female		2
head, mated 4-day female		2
head, mated 20-day female		2
head, mated 1-day male		4
head, mated 4-day male		3
head, mated 20-day male		2
salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering		0
salivary gland, white prepupae		0
digestive system, larvae L3 wandering		0
digestive system, 1-day adult		1
digestive system, 4-day adult		1
digestive system, 20-day adult		1
fat body, larvae L3 wandering		0
fat body, white prepupae		2
fat body, pupae P8		10
carcass, larvae L3 wandering		10
carcass, 1-day adult		2
carcass, 4-day adult		1
carcass, 20-day adult		2
ovary, virgin 4-day female		0
ovary, mated 4-day female		0
testis, mated 4-day male		1
accessory gland, mated 4-day male		2
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate

Linear, scaled to Moderate expression
Tissue		Expression Level
imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering		20
central nervous system, larvae L3		17
central nervous system, pupae P8		4
head, virgin 1-day female		2
head, virgin 4-day female		3
head, virgin 20-day female		2
head, mated 1-day female		2
head, mated 4-day female		2
head, mated 20-day female		2
head, mated 1-day male		4
head, mated 4-day male		3
head, mated 20-day male		2
salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering		0
salivary gland, white prepupae		0
digestive system, larvae L3 wandering		0
digestive system, 1-day adult		1
digestive system, 4-day adult		1
digestive system, 20-day adult		1
fat body, larvae L3 wandering		0
fat body, white prepupae		2
fat body, pupae P8		10
carcass, larvae L3 wandering		10
carcass, 1-day adult		2
carcass, 4-day adult		1
carcass, 20-day adult		2
ovary, virgin 4-day female		0
ovary, mated 4-day female		0
testis, mated 4-day male		1
accessory gland, mated 4-day male		2
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high

Linear, scaled to High expression
Tissue		Expression Level
imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering		20
central nervous system, larvae L3		17
central nervous system, pupae P8		4
head, virgin 1-day female		2
head, virgin 4-day female		3
head, virgin 20-day female		2
head, mated 1-day female		2
head, mated 4-day female		2
head, mated 20-day female		2
head, mated 1-day male		4
head, mated 4-day male		3
head, mated 20-day male		2
salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering		0
salivary gland, white prepupae		0
digestive system, larvae L3 wandering		0
digestive system, 1-day adult		1
digestive system, 4-day adult		1
digestive system, 20-day adult		1
fat body, larvae L3 wandering		0
fat body, white prepupae		2
fat body, pupae P8		10
carcass, larvae L3 wandering		10
carcass, 1-day adult		2
carcass, 4-day adult		1
carcass, 20-day adult		2
ovary, virgin 4-day female		0
ovary, mated 4-day female		0
testis, mated 4-day male		1
accessory gland, mated 4-day male		2
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high High Very high

Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression
Tissue		Expression Level
imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering		20
central nervous system, larvae L3		17
central nervous system, pupae P8		4
head, virgin 1-day female		2
head, virgin 4-day female		3
head, virgin 20-day female		2
head, mated 1-day female		2
head, mated 4-day female		2
head, mated 20-day female		2
head, mated 1-day male		4
head, mated 4-day male		3
head, mated 20-day male		2
salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering		0
salivary gland, white prepupae		0
digestive system, larvae L3 wandering		0
digestive system, 1-day adult		1
digestive system, 4-day adult		1
digestive system, 20-day adult		1
fat body, larvae L3 wandering		0
fat body, white prepupae		2
fat body, pupae P8		10
carcass, larvae L3 wandering		10
carcass, 1-day adult		2
carcass, 4-day adult		1
carcass, 20-day adult		2
ovary, virgin 4-day female		0
ovary, mated 4-day female		0
testis, mated 4-day male		1
accessory gland, mated 4-day male		2
Expression Level Scale		Extremely high

log, scaled to maximum expression level
Tissue		Expression Level
imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering		20
central nervous system, larvae L3		17
central nervous system, pupae P8		4
head, virgin 1-day female		2
head, virgin 4-day female		3
head, virgin 20-day female		2
head, mated 1-day female		2
head, mated 4-day female		2
head, mated 20-day female		2
head, mated 1-day male		4
head, mated 4-day male		3
head, mated 20-day male		2
salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering		0
salivary gland, white prepupae		0
digestive system, larvae L3 wandering		0
digestive system, 1-day adult		1
digestive system, 4-day adult		1
digestive system, 20-day adult		1
fat body, larvae L3 wandering		0
fat body, white prepupae		2
fat body, pupae P8		10
carcass, larvae L3 wandering		10
carcass, 1-day adult		2
carcass, 4-day adult		1
carcass, 20-day adult		2
ovary, virgin 4-day female		0
ovary, mated 4-day female		0
testis, mated 4-day male		1
accessory gland, mated 4-day male		2
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high

log, scaled to Moderate expression
Tissue		Expression Level
imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering		20
central nervous system, larvae L3		17
central nervous system, pupae P8		4
head, virgin 1-day female		2
head, virgin 4-day female		3
head, virgin 20-day female		2
head, mated 1-day female		2
head, mated 4-day female		2
head, mated 20-day female		2
head, mated 1-day male		4
head, mated 4-day male		3
head, mated 20-day male		2
salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering		0
salivary gland, white prepupae		0
digestive system, larvae L3 wandering		0
digestive system, 1-day adult		1
digestive system, 4-day adult		1
digestive system, 20-day adult		1
fat body, larvae L3 wandering		0
fat body, white prepupae		2
fat body, pupae P8		10
carcass, larvae L3 wandering		10
carcass, 1-day adult		2
carcass, 4-day adult		1
carcass, 20-day adult		2
ovary, virgin 4-day female		0
ovary, mated 4-day female		0
testis, mated 4-day male		1
accessory gland, mated 4-day male		2
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high

log, scaled to High expression
Tissue		Expression Level
imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering		20
central nervous system, larvae L3		17
central nervous system, pupae P8		4
head, virgin 1-day female		2
head, virgin 4-day female		3
head, virgin 20-day female		2
head, mated 1-day female		2
head, mated 4-day female		2
head, mated 20-day female		2
head, mated 1-day male		4
head, mated 4-day male		3
head, mated 20-day male		2
salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering		0
salivary gland, white prepupae		0
digestive system, larvae L3 wandering		0
digestive system, 1-day adult		1
digestive system, 4-day adult		1
digestive system, 20-day adult		1
fat body, larvae L3 wandering		0
fat body, white prepupae		2
fat body, pupae P8		10
carcass, larvae L3 wandering		10
carcass, 1-day adult		2
carcass, 4-day adult		1
carcass, 20-day adult		2
ovary, virgin 4-day female		0
ovary, mated 4-day female		0
testis, mated 4-day male		1
accessory gland, mated 4-day male		2
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high High Very high

log, scaled to Extremely high expression
Tissue		Expression Level
imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering		20
central nervous system, larvae L3		17
central nervous system, pupae P8		4
head, virgin 1-day female		2
head, virgin 4-day female		3
head, virgin 20-day female		2
head, mated 1-day female		2
head, mated 4-day female		2
head, mated 20-day female		2
head, mated 1-day male		4
head, mated 4-day male		3
head, mated 20-day male		2
salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering		0
salivary gland, white prepupae		0
digestive system, larvae L3 wandering		0
digestive system, 1-day adult		1
digestive system, 4-day adult		1
digestive system, 20-day adult		1
fat body, larvae L3 wandering		0
fat body, white prepupae		2
fat body, pupae P8		10
carcass, larvae L3 wandering		10
carcass, 1-day adult		2
carcass, 4-day adult		1
carcass, 20-day adult		2
ovary, virgin 4-day female		0
ovary, mated 4-day female		0
testis, mated 4-day male		1
accessory gland, mated 4-day male		2
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high High Very high Extremely high

Heatmap
Tissue		Expression Level
imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering
central nervous system, larvae L3
central nervous system, pupae P8
head, virgin 1-day female
head, virgin 4-day female
head, virgin 20-day female
head, mated 1-day female
head, mated 4-day female
head, mated 20-day female
head, mated 1-day male
head, mated 4-day male
head, mated 20-day male
salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering
salivary gland, white prepupae
digestive system, larvae L3 wandering
digestive system, 1-day adult
digestive system, 4-day adult
digestive system, 20-day adult
fat body, larvae L3 wandering
fat body, white prepupae
fat body, pupae P8
carcass, larvae L3 wandering
carcass, 1-day adult
carcass, 4-day adult
carcass, 20-day adult
ovary, virgin 4-day female
ovary, mated 4-day female
testis, mated 4-day male
accessory gland, mated 4-day male

modENCODE Development RNA-Seq

modENCODE Temporal Expression Data

(modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_U)

	Styles
	Linear
	Logarithmic
	Heatmap
	Scales
	gene max expression
	Moderate expression bin max
	High expression bin max
	Extremely high expression bin max

Summary of modENCODE Temporal Expression Profile: Temporal profile ranges from a peak of moderately high expression to a trough of very low expression. Peak expression observed within 06-18 hour embryonic stages, at stages throughout the pupal period.
[download data (TSV)]

Guide to modENCODE expression level colors
	No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)
	Very low expression (1 - 3)
	Low expression (4 - 10)
	Moderate expression (11 - 25)
	Moderately high expression (26 - 50)
	High expression (51 - 100)
	Very high expression (101 - 1000)
	Extremely high expression (>1000)

Linear, scaled to maximum expression level
Developmental Stage		Expression Level
embryo 00-02hr		1
embryo 02-04hr		1
embryo 04-06hr		1
embryo 06-08hr		6
embryo 08-10hr		13
embryo 10-12hr		26
embryo 12-14hr		25
embryo 14-16hr		36
embryo 16-18hr		17
embryo 18-20hr		15
embryo 20-22hr		8
embryo 22-24hr		7
larva L1		5
larva L2		3
larva L3 12hr old		2
larva L3 puffstage 1-2		3
larva L3 puffstage 3-6		6
larva L3 puffstage 7-9		7
white prepupae new		8
white prepupae 12hr		12
white prepupae 24hr		19
pupae 2d postWPP		20
pupae 3d postWPP		5
pupae 4d postWPP		11
adult male 01day		2
adult male 05day		2
adult male 30day		2
adult female 01day		2
adult female 05day		1
adult female 30day		1
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high

Linear, scaled to Moderate expression
Developmental Stage		Expression Level
embryo 00-02hr		1
embryo 02-04hr		1
embryo 04-06hr		1
embryo 06-08hr		6
embryo 08-10hr		13
embryo 10-12hr		26
embryo 12-14hr		25
embryo 14-16hr		(36)
embryo 16-18hr		17
embryo 18-20hr		15
embryo 20-22hr		8
embryo 22-24hr		7
larva L1		5
larva L2		3
larva L3 12hr old		2
larva L3 puffstage 1-2		3
larva L3 puffstage 3-6		6
larva L3 puffstage 7-9		7
white prepupae new		8
white prepupae 12hr		12
white prepupae 24hr		19
pupae 2d postWPP		20
pupae 3d postWPP		5
pupae 4d postWPP		11
adult male 01day		2
adult male 05day		2
adult male 30day		2
adult female 01day		2
adult female 05day		1
adult female 30day		1
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high

Linear, scaled to High expression
Developmental Stage		Expression Level
embryo 00-02hr		1
embryo 02-04hr		1
embryo 04-06hr		1
embryo 06-08hr		6
embryo 08-10hr		13
embryo 10-12hr		26
embryo 12-14hr		25
embryo 14-16hr		36
embryo 16-18hr		17
embryo 18-20hr		15
embryo 20-22hr		8
embryo 22-24hr		7
larva L1		5
larva L2		3
larva L3 12hr old		2
larva L3 puffstage 1-2		3
larva L3 puffstage 3-6		6
larva L3 puffstage 7-9		7
white prepupae new		8
white prepupae 12hr		12
white prepupae 24hr		19
pupae 2d postWPP		20
pupae 3d postWPP		5
pupae 4d postWPP		11
adult male 01day		2
adult male 05day		2
adult male 30day		2
adult female 01day		2
adult female 05day		1
adult female 30day		1
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high High Very high

Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression
Developmental Stage		Expression Level
embryo 00-02hr		1
embryo 02-04hr		1
embryo 04-06hr		1
embryo 06-08hr		6
embryo 08-10hr		13
embryo 10-12hr		26
embryo 12-14hr		25
embryo 14-16hr		36
embryo 16-18hr		17
embryo 18-20hr		15
embryo 20-22hr		8
embryo 22-24hr		7
larva L1		5
larva L2		3
larva L3 12hr old		2
larva L3 puffstage 1-2		3
larva L3 puffstage 3-6		6
larva L3 puffstage 7-9		7
white prepupae new		8
white prepupae 12hr		12
white prepupae 24hr		19
pupae 2d postWPP		20
pupae 3d postWPP		5
pupae 4d postWPP		11
adult male 01day		2
adult male 05day		2
adult male 30day		2
adult female 01day		2
adult female 05day		1
adult female 30day		1
Expression Level Scale		Extremely high

log, scaled to maximum expression level
Developmental Stage		Expression Level
embryo 00-02hr		1
embryo 02-04hr		1
embryo 04-06hr		1
embryo 06-08hr		6
embryo 08-10hr		13
embryo 10-12hr		26
embryo 12-14hr		25
embryo 14-16hr		36
embryo 16-18hr		17
embryo 18-20hr		15
embryo 20-22hr		8
embryo 22-24hr		7
larva L1		5
larva L2		3
larva L3 12hr old		2
larva L3 puffstage 1-2		3
larva L3 puffstage 3-6		6
larva L3 puffstage 7-9		7
white prepupae new		8
white prepupae 12hr		12
white prepupae 24hr		19
pupae 2d postWPP		20
pupae 3d postWPP		5
pupae 4d postWPP		11
adult male 01day		2
adult male 05day		2
adult male 30day		2
adult female 01day		2
adult female 05day		1
adult female 30day		1
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high High

log, scaled to Moderate expression
Developmental Stage		Expression Level
embryo 00-02hr		1
embryo 02-04hr		1
embryo 04-06hr		1
embryo 06-08hr		6
embryo 08-10hr		13
embryo 10-12hr		26
embryo 12-14hr		25
embryo 14-16hr		(36)
embryo 16-18hr		17
embryo 18-20hr		15
embryo 20-22hr		8
embryo 22-24hr		7
larva L1		5
larva L2		3
larva L3 12hr old		2
larva L3 puffstage 1-2		3
larva L3 puffstage 3-6		6
larva L3 puffstage 7-9		7
white prepupae new		8
white prepupae 12hr		12
white prepupae 24hr		19
pupae 2d postWPP		20
pupae 3d postWPP		5
pupae 4d postWPP		11
adult male 01day		2
adult male 05day		2
adult male 30day		2
adult female 01day		2
adult female 05day		1
adult female 30day		1
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high

log, scaled to High expression
Developmental Stage		Expression Level
embryo 00-02hr		1
embryo 02-04hr		1
embryo 04-06hr		1
embryo 06-08hr		6
embryo 08-10hr		13
embryo 10-12hr		26
embryo 12-14hr		25
embryo 14-16hr		36
embryo 16-18hr		17
embryo 18-20hr		15
embryo 20-22hr		8
embryo 22-24hr		7
larva L1		5
larva L2		3
larva L3 12hr old		2
larva L3 puffstage 1-2		3
larva L3 puffstage 3-6		6
larva L3 puffstage 7-9		7
white prepupae new		8
white prepupae 12hr		12
white prepupae 24hr		19
pupae 2d postWPP		20
pupae 3d postWPP		5
pupae 4d postWPP		11
adult male 01day		2
adult male 05day		2
adult male 30day		2
adult female 01day		2
adult female 05day		1
adult female 30day		1
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high High Very high

log, scaled to Extremely high expression
Developmental Stage		Expression Level
embryo 00-02hr		1
embryo 02-04hr		1
embryo 04-06hr		1
embryo 06-08hr		6
embryo 08-10hr		13
embryo 10-12hr		26
embryo 12-14hr		25
embryo 14-16hr		36
embryo 16-18hr		17
embryo 18-20hr		15
embryo 20-22hr		8
embryo 22-24hr		7
larva L1		5
larva L2		3
larva L3 12hr old		2
larva L3 puffstage 1-2		3
larva L3 puffstage 3-6		6
larva L3 puffstage 7-9		7
white prepupae new		8
white prepupae 12hr		12
white prepupae 24hr		19
pupae 2d postWPP		20
pupae 3d postWPP		5
pupae 4d postWPP		11
adult male 01day		2
adult male 05day		2
adult male 30day		2
adult female 01day		2
adult female 05day		1
adult female 30day		1
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high High Very high Extremely high

Heatmap
Developmental Stage		Expression Level
embryo 00-02hr
embryo 02-04hr
embryo 04-06hr
embryo 06-08hr
embryo 08-10hr
embryo 10-12hr
embryo 12-14hr
embryo 14-16hr
embryo 16-18hr
embryo 18-20hr
embryo 20-22hr
embryo 22-24hr
larva L1
larva L2
larva L3 12hr old
larva L3 puffstage 1-2
larva L3 puffstage 3-6
larva L3 puffstage 7-9
white prepupae new
white prepupae 12hr
white prepupae 24hr
pupae 2d postWPP
pupae 3d postWPP
pupae 4d postWPP
adult male 01day
adult male 05day
adult male 30day
adult female 01day
adult female 05day
adult female 30day

modENCODE Temporal Expression Data (Graveley et al., 2011)

modENCODE Cell Lines RNA-Seq

modENCODE Cell Line Expression Data

(modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_cell.A)

(modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_cell.B)

	Styles
	Linear
	Logarithmic
	Heatmap
	Scales
	gene max expression
	Moderate expression bin max
	High expression bin max
	Extremely high expression bin max

[download data (TSV)]

Guide to modENCODE expression level colors
	No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)
	Very low expression (1 - 3)
	Low expression (4 - 10)
	Moderate expression (11 - 25)
	Moderately high expression (26 - 50)
	High expression (51 - 100)
	Very high expression (101 - 1000)
	Extremely high expression (>1000)

Linear, scaled to maximum expression level
Cell Line		Expression Level
Schneider line 2 S2R+		0
Schneider line 2 Sg4		1
embryonic 1182-4H		0
embryonic GM2		0
embryonic Kc167		0
embryonic S1		0
embryonic S3		0
leg disc CME L1		0
wing disc CME-W2		0
wing disc ML-DmD8		2
wing disc ML-DmD9		1
wing disc ML-DmD16-c3		4
wing disc ML-DmD21		1
wing disc ML-DmD32		1
haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3		5
eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11		0
antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5		1
mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1		0
CNS ML-DmBG1-c1		0
CNS ML-DmBG2-c2		0
tumorous blood cells mbn2		0
ovary fGS/OSS		51
ovary OSC		21
ovary OSS		9
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high High

Linear, scaled to Moderate expression
Cell Line		Expression Level
Schneider line 2 S2R+		0
Schneider line 2 Sg4		1
embryonic 1182-4H		0
embryonic GM2		0
embryonic Kc167		0
embryonic S1		0
embryonic S3		0
leg disc CME L1		0
wing disc CME-W2		0
wing disc ML-DmD8		2
wing disc ML-DmD9		1
wing disc ML-DmD16-c3		4
wing disc ML-DmD21		1
wing disc ML-DmD32		1
haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3		5
eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11		0
antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5		1
mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1		0
CNS ML-DmBG1-c1		0
CNS ML-DmBG2-c2		0
tumorous blood cells mbn2		0
ovary fGS/OSS		(51)
ovary OSC		21
ovary OSS		9
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high

Linear, scaled to High expression
Cell Line		Expression Level
Schneider line 2 S2R+		0
Schneider line 2 Sg4		1
embryonic 1182-4H		0
embryonic GM2		0
embryonic Kc167		0
embryonic S1		0
embryonic S3		0
leg disc CME L1		0
wing disc CME-W2		0
wing disc ML-DmD8		2
wing disc ML-DmD9		1
wing disc ML-DmD16-c3		4
wing disc ML-DmD21		1
wing disc ML-DmD32		1
haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3		5
eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11		0
antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5		1
mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1		0
CNS ML-DmBG1-c1		0
CNS ML-DmBG2-c2		0
tumorous blood cells mbn2		0
ovary fGS/OSS		51
ovary OSC		21
ovary OSS		9
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high High Very high

Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression
Cell Line		Expression Level
Schneider line 2 S2R+		0
Schneider line 2 Sg4		1
embryonic 1182-4H		0
embryonic GM2		0
embryonic Kc167		0
embryonic S1		0
embryonic S3		0
leg disc CME L1		0
wing disc CME-W2		0
wing disc ML-DmD8		2
wing disc ML-DmD9		1
wing disc ML-DmD16-c3		4
wing disc ML-DmD21		1
wing disc ML-DmD32		1
haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3		5
eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11		0
antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5		1
mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1		0
CNS ML-DmBG1-c1		0
CNS ML-DmBG2-c2		0
tumorous blood cells mbn2		0
ovary fGS/OSS		51
ovary OSC		21
ovary OSS		9
Expression Level Scale		Extremely high

log, scaled to maximum expression level
Cell Line		Expression Level
Schneider line 2 S2R+		0
Schneider line 2 Sg4		1
embryonic 1182-4H		0
embryonic GM2		0
embryonic Kc167		0
embryonic S1		0
embryonic S3		0
leg disc CME L1		0
wing disc CME-W2		0
wing disc ML-DmD8		2
wing disc ML-DmD9		1
wing disc ML-DmD16-c3		4
wing disc ML-DmD21		1
wing disc ML-DmD32		1
haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3		5
eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11		0
antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5		1
mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1		0
CNS ML-DmBG1-c1		0
CNS ML-DmBG2-c2		0
tumorous blood cells mbn2		0
ovary fGS/OSS		51
ovary OSC		21
ovary OSS		9
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high High

log, scaled to Moderate expression
Cell Line		Expression Level
Schneider line 2 S2R+		0
Schneider line 2 Sg4		1
embryonic 1182-4H		0
embryonic GM2		0
embryonic Kc167		0
embryonic S1		0
embryonic S3		0
leg disc CME L1		0
wing disc CME-W2		0
wing disc ML-DmD8		2
wing disc ML-DmD9		1
wing disc ML-DmD16-c3		4
wing disc ML-DmD21		1
wing disc ML-DmD32		1
haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3		5
eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11		0
antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5		1
mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1		0
CNS ML-DmBG1-c1		0
CNS ML-DmBG2-c2		0
tumorous blood cells mbn2		0
ovary fGS/OSS		(51)
ovary OSC		21
ovary OSS		9
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high

log, scaled to High expression
Cell Line		Expression Level
Schneider line 2 S2R+		0
Schneider line 2 Sg4		1
embryonic 1182-4H		0
embryonic GM2		0
embryonic Kc167		0
embryonic S1		0
embryonic S3		0
leg disc CME L1		0
wing disc CME-W2		0
wing disc ML-DmD8		2
wing disc ML-DmD9		1
wing disc ML-DmD16-c3		4
wing disc ML-DmD21		1
wing disc ML-DmD32		1
haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3		5
eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11		0
antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5		1
mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1		0
CNS ML-DmBG1-c1		0
CNS ML-DmBG2-c2		0
tumorous blood cells mbn2		0
ovary fGS/OSS		51
ovary OSC		21
ovary OSS		9
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high High Very high

log, scaled to Extremely high expression
Cell Line		Expression Level
Schneider line 2 S2R+		0
Schneider line 2 Sg4		1
embryonic 1182-4H		0
embryonic GM2		0
embryonic Kc167		0
embryonic S1		0
embryonic S3		0
leg disc CME L1		0
wing disc CME-W2		0
wing disc ML-DmD8		2
wing disc ML-DmD9		1
wing disc ML-DmD16-c3		4
wing disc ML-DmD21		1
wing disc ML-DmD32		1
haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3		5
eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11		0
antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5		1
mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1		0
CNS ML-DmBG1-c1		0
CNS ML-DmBG2-c2		0
tumorous blood cells mbn2		0
ovary fGS/OSS		51
ovary OSC		21
ovary OSS		9
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high High Very high Extremely high

Heatmap
Cell Line		Expression Level
Schneider line 2 S2R+
Schneider line 2 Sg4
embryonic 1182-4H
embryonic GM2
embryonic Kc167
embryonic S1
embryonic S3
leg disc CME L1
wing disc CME-W2
wing disc ML-DmD8
wing disc ML-DmD9
wing disc ML-DmD16-c3
wing disc ML-DmD21
wing disc ML-DmD32
haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3
eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11
antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5
mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1
CNS ML-DmBG1-c1
CNS ML-DmBG2-c2
tumorous blood cells mbn2
ovary fGS/OSS
ovary OSC
ovary OSS

modENCODE Treatments RNA-Seq

modENCODE Treatment Expression Data

(modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_treatments)

	Styles
	Linear
	Logarithmic
	Heatmap
	Scales
	gene max expression
	Moderate expression bin max
	High expression bin max
	Extremely high expression bin max

[download data (TSV)]

Guide to modENCODE expression level colors
	No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)
	Very low expression (1 - 3)
	Low expression (4 - 10)
	Moderate expression (11 - 25)
	Moderately high expression (26 - 50)
	High expression (51 - 100)
	Very high expression (101 - 1000)
	Extremely high expression (>1000)

Linear, scaled to maximum expression level
Treatment		Expression Level
extended cold, 4-day adult		4
cold shock, 4-day adult		3
heat shock, 4-day adult		1
Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3		1
Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		1
Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		1
Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		1
Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		4
Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		1
Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		3
Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		1
Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3		1
Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3		1
Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3		1
Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3		1
Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult		1
Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult		3
Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		1
Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		2
Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3		1
Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3		1
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate

Linear, scaled to Moderate expression
Treatment		Expression Level
extended cold, 4-day adult		4
cold shock, 4-day adult		3
heat shock, 4-day adult		1
Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3		1
Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		1
Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		1
Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		1
Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		4
Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		1
Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		3
Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		1
Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3		1
Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3		1
Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3		1
Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3		1
Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult		1
Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult		3
Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		1
Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		2
Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3		1
Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3		1
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high

Linear, scaled to High expression
Treatment		Expression Level
extended cold, 4-day adult		4
cold shock, 4-day adult		3
heat shock, 4-day adult		1
Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3		1
Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		1
Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		1
Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		1
Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		4
Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		1
Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		3
Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		1
Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3		1
Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3		1
Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3		1
Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3		1
Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult		1
Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult		3
Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		1
Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		2
Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3		1
Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3		1
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high High Very high

Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression
Treatment		Expression Level
extended cold, 4-day adult		4
cold shock, 4-day adult		3
heat shock, 4-day adult		1
Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3		1
Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		1
Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		1
Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		1
Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		4
Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		1
Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		3
Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		1
Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3		1
Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3		1
Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3		1
Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3		1
Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult		1
Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult		3
Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		1
Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		2
Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3		1
Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3		1
Expression Level Scale		Extremely high

log, scaled to maximum expression level
Treatment		Expression Level
extended cold, 4-day adult		4
cold shock, 4-day adult		3
heat shock, 4-day adult		1
Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3		1
Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		1
Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		1
Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		1
Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		4
Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		1
Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		3
Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		1
Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3		1
Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3		1
Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3		1
Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3		1
Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult		1
Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult		3
Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		1
Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		2
Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3		1
Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3		1
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate

log, scaled to Moderate expression
Treatment		Expression Level
extended cold, 4-day adult		4
cold shock, 4-day adult		3
heat shock, 4-day adult		1
Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3		1
Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		1
Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		1
Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		1
Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		4
Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		1
Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		3
Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		1
Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3		1
Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3		1
Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3		1
Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3		1
Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult		1
Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult		3
Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		1
Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		2
Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3		1
Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3		1
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high

log, scaled to High expression
Treatment		Expression Level
extended cold, 4-day adult		4
cold shock, 4-day adult		3
heat shock, 4-day adult		1
Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3		1
Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		1
Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		1
Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		1
Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		4
Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		1
Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		3
Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		1
Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3		1
Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3		1
Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3		1
Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3		1
Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult		1
Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult		3
Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		1
Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		2
Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3		1
Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3		1
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high High Very high

log, scaled to Extremely high expression
Treatment		Expression Level
extended cold, 4-day adult		4
cold shock, 4-day adult		3
heat shock, 4-day adult		1
Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3		1
Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		1
Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		1
Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		1
Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		4
Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		1
Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		3
Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		1
Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3		1
Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3		1
Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3		1
Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3		1
Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult		1
Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult		3
Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		1
Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		2
Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3		1
Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3		1
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high High Very high Extremely high

Heatmap
Treatment		Expression Level
extended cold, 4-day adult
cold shock, 4-day adult
heat shock, 4-day adult
Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3
Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3
Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult
Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult
Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3
Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult
Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3
Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult
Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3
Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3
Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3
Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3
Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult
Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult
Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult
Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult
Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3
Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3

Expression Clusters

A cluster of genes with similar mRNA expression dynamics across development.

(The modENCODE Consortium, 2010)

mE2_34_mRNA_expression_cluster_11

External Data & Images

Linkouts

FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies

•

FBgn0003090

FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array

•

CG11084-RA

Alleles & Phenotypes

Summary of Allele Phenotypes

Lethality

Allele

viable

viable, with Scer\GAL4^hs.2sev

pk^{sple.Scer\UAS}

viable, with Scer\GAL4^pnr-MD237

pk^GD1510

Sterility

Allele

fertile

Other Phenotypes

Allele

cell polarity defective

cell polarity defective, with Scer\GAL4^hs.2sev

pk^{sple.Scer\UAS}

cell polarity defective, with Scer\GAL4^ptc-559.1

cell polarity defective | cell non-autonomous, with Scer\GAL4^Ubx.PdC

pk^Scer\UAS.cGa

planar polarity defective, with Scer\GAL4^Act5C.PI

pk^{sple.Scer\UAS}

planar polarity defective, with Scer\GAL4^Act.PU

pk^{sple.Scer\UAS}

planar polarity defective, with Scer\GAL4^C-765

pk^Scer\UAS.cGa

planar polarity defective, with Scer\GAL4^da.G32

planar polarity defective, with Scer\GAL4^hs.2sev

pk^{sple.Scer\UAS}

planar polarity defective, with Scer\GAL4^pnr-MD237

pk^GD1510

planar polarity defective, with Scer\GAL4^ptc-559.1

pk^Scer\UAS.cGa

planar polarity defective, with Scer\GAL4^αTub84B.PL

pk^{sple.Scer\UAS}

planar polarity defective | cell autonomous, with Scer\GAL4^ptc-559.1

pk^Scer\UAS.cGa

planar polarity defective | cell autonomous | somatic clone

planar polarity defective | cell non-autonomous

pk¹

planar polarity defective | cell non-autonomous | somatic clone

pk¹

planar polarity defective | cell non-autonomous | somatic clone, with Scer\GAL4^αTub84B.PL

pk^{sple.Scer\UAS}

planar polarity defective | dominant

pk^TBJ21

planar polarity defective | recessive

planar polarity defective | recessive, with Scer\GAL4[-]:

pk^EP2557

planar polarity defective | somatic clone

pk^pk-sple-13

planar polarity defective | somatic clone, with Scer\GAL4^αTub84B.PL

pk^{sple.Scer\UAS}

planar polarity defective | somatic clone (with pk^pk-sple-13)

pk^sple-1

planar polarity defective | somatic clone (with pk^sple-1)

pk^pk-sple-13

visible

visible, with Scer\GAL4^Act.PU

pk^{sple.Scer\UAS}

visible, with Scer\GAL4^dpp.blk1

pk^Scer\UAS.cGa

visible, with Scer\GAL4^hs.2sev

pk^{sple.Scer\UAS}

visible | cold sensitive

pk^sple-3

visible | dominant

pk^D1

visible | recessive, with Scer\GAL4[-]:

pk^EP2557

visual behavior defective

Phenotype manifest in

Allele

abdomen & macrochaeta

pk^sple-1

abdominal sternite & macrochaeta

pk^sple-1

abdominal tergite & macrochaeta

pk^sple-1

dorsal wing blade

pk^pk-sple-14

dorsal wing blade, with Scer\GAL4^Bx-MS1096

pk^Scer\UAS.cGa

dorsal wing blade | anterior

pk³⁰

dorsal wing blade | posterior (with pk^sple-1)

pk^sple-27

dorsal wing blade | posterior (with pk^sple-27)

pk^sple-1

eye photoreceptor cell | somatic clone

pk^pk-sple-13

eye photoreceptor cell | somatic clone (with pk^pk-sple-13)

pk^sple-1

eye photoreceptor cell | somatic clone (with pk^sple-1)

pk^pk-sple-13

joint | ectopic

pk^sple-1

leg & macrochaeta

leg & trichome

mesothoracic tergum & sensory mother cell & spindle

pk^pk-sple-14

metatarsus

pk^sple-1

metatarsus, with Scer\GAL4^C-765

pk^Scer\UAS.cGa

metatarsus, with Scer\GAL4^da.G32

pk^Scer\UAS.cGa

ommatidium

ommatidium, with Scer\GAL4^hs.2sev

pk^{sple.Scer\UAS}

ommatidium | somatic clone

pk^pk-sple-13

ommatidium | somatic clone (with pk^pk-sple-13)

pk^sple-1

ommatidium | somatic clone (with pk^sple-1)

pk^pk-sple-13

photoreceptor cell R4 | precursor | somatic clone

scutum, with Scer\GAL4[-]:

pk^EP2557

tarsal segment 1 & joint

pk^sple-1

tarsal segment 1 & joint, with Scer\GAL4^C-765

pk^Scer\UAS.cGa

tarsal segment 1 & joint, with Scer\GAL4^da.G32

pk^Scer\UAS.cGa

tarsal segment 2

pk^sple-1

tarsal segment 2, with Scer\GAL4^C-765

pk^Scer\UAS.cGa

tarsal segment 3

tarsal segment 3, with Scer\GAL4^C-765

pk^Scer\UAS.cGa

tarsal segment 3 & joint

tarsal segment 4

tarsal segment 4, with Scer\GAL4^C-765

pk^Scer\UAS.cGa

tarsal segment 4 & joint

tarsal segment, with Scer\GAL4[-]:

pk^EP2557

tarsal segment, with Scer\GAL4^C-765

pk^Scer\UAS.cGa

tarsal segment, with Scer\GAL4^da.G32

pk^Scer\UAS.cGa

tarsal segment & joint

pk^sple-1

thorax

pk^eq

trichome

pk^sple-1

trichome & adult abdomen

pk^GO12

trichome & adult abdomen | posterior compartment, with Scer\GAL4^αTub84B.PL

pk^{sple.Scer\UAS}

trichome & adult abdomen | somatic clone | cell autonomous

trichome & adult abdomen | somatic clone | posterior compartment, with Scer\GAL4^αTub84B.PL

pk^{sple.Scer\UAS}

trichome & costal cell

pk^unspecified

triple row

triple row, with Scer\GAL4^C-765

pk^{sple.Scer\UAS}

triple row, with Scer\GAL4^da.G32

wing, with Scer\GAL4^C-765

pk^{sple.Scer\UAS}

wing, with Scer\GAL4^da.G32

wing & cell

pk³⁰

wing & pupa & cell, with Scer\GAL4^en-e16E

pk^Scer\UAS.cGa

wing | cell autonomous | somatic clone

wing | cell non-autonomous | somatic clone

wing blade, with Scer\GAL4^C-765

pk^{sple.Scer\UAS}

wing blade, with Scer\GAL4^hs.PB

pk^{sple.Scer\UAS}

wing cell | P-stage

pk¹

wing hair

wing hair, with Scer\GAL4^Act5C.PI

pk^{sple.Scer\UAS}

wing hair, with Scer\GAL4^Act.PU

pk^{sple.Scer\UAS}

wing hair, with Scer\GAL4^Bx-MS1096

pk^Scer\UAS.cGa

wing hair, with Scer\GAL4^C-765

wing hair, with Scer\GAL4^da.G32

wing hair, with Scer\GAL4^dpp.blk1

pk^Scer\UAS.cGa

wing hair, with Scer\GAL4^hs.2sev

pk^{sple.Scer\UAS}

wing hair, with Scer\GAL4^hs.PB

pk^{sple.Scer\UAS}

wing hair, with Scer\GAL4^ptc-559.1

wing hair, with Scer\GAL4^Ubx.PdC

pk^Scer\UAS.cGa

wing hair & 1st posterior cell, with Scer\GAL4^ptc-559.1

pk^Scer\UAS.cGa

wing hair & cell & pupa, with Scer\GAL4^en-e16E

pk^Scer\UAS.cGa

wing hair | somatic clone

pk¹

Classical Alleles ( 92 )

For All Classical Alleles Show

Allele of pk	Class	Mutagen	Stocks	Known lesion
pk¹	loss of function allele, hypomorphic allele - genetic evidence	spontaneous	20	Yes
pk^pk-sple-26		X ray	5	Yes
pk^sple-1	amorphic allele - genetic evidence	spontaneous	2	--
pk^f07080		piggyBac transposase	2	--
pk^sple-3		ethyl methanesulfonate	2	--
pk^c06494a			1	--
pk^c06494b			1	--
pk^c07118			1	--
pk^CB-0807-3			1	--
pk^d01362		P-element activity	1	--
pk^eq	loss of function allele		1	--
pk^EY22963		P-element activity	1	--
pk^f04137		piggyBac transposase	1	--
pk^KG05718			1	--
pk^MB11776			1	--
pk^MI02868			1	--
pk^NP2567			1	--
pk^NP7324			1	--
pk^pk-sple-13		X ray	1	Yes
pk^pk-sple-22		X ray	1	Yes
pk^pk-sple-6		ethyl methanesulfonate	1	--
pk^SZ4	amorphic allele - genetic evidence	spontaneous	0	Yes
pk¹⁵		PM hybrid dysgenesis P-element activity	0	Yes
pk¹⁶		P-element activity	0	Yes
pk¹⁷		P-element activity	0	Yes
pk¹⁹		X ray	0	Yes
pk²⁰		X ray	0	Yes
pk²¹		X ray	0	Yes
pk²⁹		X ray	0	Yes
pk²		X ray	0	Yes
pk³⁰		X ray	0	Yes
pk³		ethyl methanesulfonate	0	--
pk⁴⁴		X ray	0	Yes
pk⁵		X ray ethyl methanesulfonate	0	--
pk^78a		X ray	0	--
pk^78b		X ray	0	--
pk^78d		X ray	0	--
pk^78f		X ray	0	--
pk^78g		X ray	0	--
pk^78l		X ray	0	--
pk^78m		X ray	0	--
pk⁸⁷		X ray ethyl methanesulfonate	0	--
pk^cn76k3		gamma ray	0	Yes
pk^cn88e43		gamma ray	0	Yes
pk^D1-rv1		spontaneous	0	--
pk^D1-rv4		spontaneous	0	--
pk^D1-rv5		spontaneous	0	--
pk^D1-rv6		spontaneous	0	--
pk^D1-rv7		spontaneous	0	--
pk^D1-rv9		spontaneous	0	--
pk^D1		spontaneous	0	--
pk^D	antimorphic allele - genetic evidence		0	--
pk^DOr		P-element activity	0	--
pk^EP2557		P-element activity	0	Yes
pk^GO12			0	--
pk^JJ13			0	--
pk^N4			0	--
pk^nap2		X ray	0	Yes
pk^Npk		ethyl methanesulfonate	0	--
pk^pk-sple-10		X ray	0	--
pk^pk-sple-11		X ray	0	--
pk^pk-sple-12		X ray	0	--
pk^pk-sple-14		X ray	0	Yes
pk^pk-sple-18		X ray	0	--
pk^pk-sple-23		X ray	0	Yes
pk^pk-sple-25		ethyl methanesulfonate	0	--
pk^pk-sple-28		X ray	0	--
pk^pk-sple-32		X ray	0	--
pk^pk-sple-33		P-element activity	0	--
pk^pk-sple-34		X ray	0	--
pk^pk-sple-35		X ray	0	Yes
pk^pk-sple-37		X ray	0	Yes
pk^pk-sple-38		X ray	0	--
pk^pk-sple-39		X ray	0	--
pk^pk-sple-40		X ray	0	Yes
pk^pk-sple-41		X ray	0	--
pk^pk-sple-43		X ray	0	--
pk^pk-sple-46		X ray	0	Yes
pk^pk-sple-47		X ray	0	Yes
pk^pk-sple-48		X ray	0	Yes
pk^pk-sple-49		X ray	0	Yes
pk^pk-sple-7		ethyl methanesulfonate	0	--
pk^pk-sple-8		ethyl methanesulfonate	0	--
pk^pk-sple-9		ethyl methanesulfonate	0	--
pk^sple-27		X ray	0	--
pk^sple-2		X ray	0	--
pk^sple-36		X ray	0	--
pk^sple-42		X ray	0	--
pk^sple-4		X ray	0	--
pk^sple-5		ethyl methanesulfonate	0	--
pk^TBJ21	antimorphic allele - genetic evidence		0	--
pk^unspecified			0	--

Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs ( 11 )

For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show

Allele of pk	Mutagen	Stocks	Known lesion
pk^GD1510	in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion	1	Yes
pk^HMS00408	in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion	1	Yes
pk^KK109294	in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion	1	Yes
pk^Scer\UAS.cGa	in vitro construct - regulatory fusion	1	Yes
pk^{sple.Scer\UAS}	in vitro construct - regulatory fusion	1	Yes
pk^NIG.11084R	in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - RNAi	0	Yes
pk^pk.sev	in vitro construct - regulatory fusion	0	Yes
pk^{sple.CtoA.sev}	in vitro construct - site directed mutagenesis	0	Yes
pk^sple.sev	in vitro construct - regulatory fusion	0	Yes
pk^{sple.ΔC1.sev}	in vitro construct - deletion	0	--
pk^{sple.ΔC2.sev}	in vitro construct - deletion	0	--

Aneuploid Aberrations

Disrupted in

Df(2R)cn-S5

(Heitzler et al., 1993)

Df(2R)Drl^rv3

(Heitzler et al., 1993)

Df(2R)Drl^rv5

(Heitzler et al., 1993)

Df(2R)Drl^rv7

(Heitzler et al., 1993)

Df(2R)Drl^rv15

(Heitzler et al., 1993)

Df(2R)Drl^rv17

(Heitzler et al., 1993)

Df(2R)Drl^rv18

(Heitzler et al., 1993)

Df(2R)Drl^rv20

(Heitzler et al., 1993)

Df(2R)Drl^rv24

(Heitzler et al., 1993)

Df(2R)Drl^rv25

(Heitzler et al., 1993)

Df(2R)Drl^rv26

(Heitzler et al., 1993)

Df(2R)Drl^rv28

(Heitzler et al., 1993)

Df(2R)nap2

(Gubb et al., 1999, Green et al., 2000, Heitzler et al., 1993)

Df(2R)Npk-rv1

(Roote and Ashburner, 2005.6)

Df(2R)Npk-rv2

(Roote and Ashburner, 2005.6)

Df(2R)Npk-rv4

(Roote and Ashburner, 2005.6)

Df(2R)Npk-rv5

(Roote and Ashburner, 2005.6)

Df(2R)pk78k

(Ashburner et al., 1981)

Df(2R)pk78r

(Ashburner et al., 1981)

Df(2R)pk78s

(Ashburner et al., 1981)

Df(2R)pk³⁰

(Gubb et al., 1999, Green et al., 2000)

Df(2R)pk-N5

(Gubb et al., 1999, Heitzler et al., 1993)

Df(2R)pk-sple-50

(Gubb et al., 1999)

Df(2R)pk-sple-51

(Gubb et al., 1999)

Df(2R)sple-78b

(Gubb and Garcia-Bellido, 1982)

Df(2R)sple-D1

(Heitzler et al., 1993)

Df(2R)sple-D2

(Green et al., 2000, Heitzler et al., 1993)

Df(2R)sple-D3

(Heitzler et al., 1993)

Df(2R)sple-J1

(Heitzler et al., 1993)

Df(2R)sple-J2

(Gubb et al., 1999, Heitzler et al., 1993)

Df(2R)sple-N3

(Heitzler et al., 1993)

Df(2R)ST1

(Ashburner et al., 1981)

In(2LR)pk-20

(Gubb et al., 1999)

In(2LR)pk-21

(Gubb et al., 1999)

In(2LR)pk⁴⁴

(Gubb et al., 1999)

In(2LR)pk^D1-rv1

(Roote, 1997.6.6)

In(2LR)pk^D1-rv4

(Roote, 1997.6.6)

In(2LR)pk^D1-rv5

(Roote, 1997.6.6)

In(2LR)pk^D1-rv6

(Roote, 1997.6.6)

In(2LR)pk^D1-rv7

(Roote, 1997.6.6)

In(2LR)pk^D1-rv9

(Roote, 1997.6.6)

In(2LR)pkD1-rv2

(Roote, 1997.6.6)

In(2LR)pkD1-rv3

(Roote, 1997.6.6)

In(2LR)pkD1-rv8

(Roote, 1997.6.6)

In(2LR)pkD1-rv10

(Roote, 1997.6.6)

In(2LR)pkD1-rv11

(Roote, 1997.6.6)

In(2LR)pkD1-rv12

(Roote, 1997.6.6)

In(2LR)pk-sple⁴⁷

(Gubb et al., 1999)

In(2LR)TE35B-4

(Gubb et al., 1999, Gubb et al., 1986)

In(2LR)TE35B-4^LTE35B-250^R

(Roote, 1997.6.6)

In(2LR)TE35B-14^LTE35B-4^R

(Roote, 1996.8, Roote, 1997.6.6)

In(2LR)TE35B-14^LTE35B-250^R

(Roote, 1997.6.6)

In(2R)CanB2⁸⁷

(Sullivan and Rubin, 2002)

In(2R)nec-5

(Gubb et al., 1999, Roote, 1995.9.26)

In(2R)nec-e3

(Gubb et al., 1999, Roote, 1995.9.26)

In(2R)pk-19

(Gubb et al., 1999)

In(2R)pk-sple⁴⁰

(Gubb et al., 1999)

T(2;3)pk²⁹

(Gubb, 1998.2.25, Gubb et al., 1999)

T(2;3)pk-sple³¹

(Gubb et al., 1999)

T(2;3)pk-sple³⁷

(Gubb et al., 1999)

T(Y;2)pk-sple⁴⁵

(Gubb et al., 1999)

Tp(2;2)pk-sple²²

(Gubb et al., 1999, Heitzler et al., 1993)

Tp(2;2)pk-sple²⁴

(Gubb et al., 1999)

Tp(2;2)pk-sple²⁶

(Gubb et al., 1999, Roote, 1996.3.6)

Tp(2;2)pk-sple⁴⁹

(Gubb et al., 1999)

Not disrupted in

Df(2L)C

(Hilliker and Holm, 1975, Cicchetti and Loverre, 1989)

Df(2L)C'

(Cicchetti and Loverre, 1989)

Df(2L)D

(Hilliker and Holm, 1975, Cicchetti and Loverre, 1989)

Df(2L)D'

(Hilliker and Holm, 1975, Cicchetti and Loverre, 1989)

Df(2L)TW65

(Cicchetti and Loverre, 1989)

Df(2L)TW161

(Cicchetti and Loverre, 1989)

Df(2R)B

(Hilliker and Holm, 1975)

Df(2R)cn-S3

(Heitzler et al., 1993)

Df(2R)cn-S6

(Heitzler et al., 1993)

Df(2R)cn-S8

(Heitzler et al., 1993)

Df(2R)cos-2

(Heitzler et al., 1993)

Df(2R)cos-3

(Heitzler et al., 1993)

Df(2R)Drl^rv21

(Heitzler et al., 1993)

Df(2R)Drl^rv22

(Heitzler et al., 1993)

Df(2R)Drl^rv30

(Heitzler et al., 1993)

Df(2R)DX1

(Heitzler et al., 1993)

Df(2R)DX14

(Heitzler et al., 1993)

Df(2R)EW60

(Heitzler et al., 1993)

Df(2R)H23

(Heitzler et al., 1993)

Df(2R)M41A4

(Cicchetti and Loverre, 1989)

Df(2R)M41A8

(Cicchetti and Loverre, 1989)

Df(2R)M41A10

(Cicchetti and Loverre, 1989)

Df(2R)NCX5

(Heitzler et al., 1993)

Df(2R)NCX8

(Heitzler et al., 1993)

Df(2R)NCX9

(Heitzler et al., 1993)

Df(2R)NCX10

(Heitzler et al., 1993)

Df(2R)NCX11

(Heitzler et al., 1993)

Df(2R)NCX13

(Heitzler et al., 1993)

Df(2R)Npk-rv3

(Roote and Ashburner, 2005.6)

Df(2R)pwn5

(Heitzler et al., 1993)

Df(2R)rl-D

(Hilliker and Holm, 1975, Cicchetti and Loverre, 1989)

Df(2R)tor-rx6

(Heitzler et al., 1993)

In(2LR)TE35B-14

(Gubb et al., 1986)

T(2;3)E^HH

(Hilliker and Holm, 1975)

Tp(1;2)TE35B-SR36

(Gubb et al., 1986)

Partially disrupted in

Df(2R)Npk-rv6

(Roote and Ashburner, 2005.6)

Df(2R)Npk-rv7

(Roote and Ashburner, 2005.6)

Transgenic Constructs & Insertions

Transgenic Constructs

Type of construct

Name

Expression data

UAS construct

characterization construct

Insertions

Type of insertions

Name

Expression data

miscellaneous insertions

Mi{MIC}Spn43Ab^MI02868

P{(loxP.w.-110+276)w}pk^DOr

P{}pk¹⁵

P{}pk¹⁶

P{}pk¹⁷

insertion of enhancer trap

P{lacW}l(2)SH0214^SH0214

insertion of enhancer trap binary system

Mi{ET1}pk^MB11776

P{GawB}pk^NP2567

P{GawB}pk^NP7324

insertion of mobile activating element

P{EP}pk^EP2557

P{EPgy2}pk^EY22963

P{XP}pk^d01362

Gene Ontology: Function, Process & Cellular Component ( 12 unique terms )

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence ( 5 terms )

Molecular Function

CV term

Evidence

References

protein binding

inferred from physical interaction with UniProtKB:A1Z7N9

(assigned by UniProtKB)

(Jenny et al., 2003)

Biological Process

CV term

Evidence

References

establishment of imaginal disc-derived wing hair orientation

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Hogan et al., 2011)

establishment of ommatidial planar polarity

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Zheng et al., 1995)

establishment or maintenance of cell polarity

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Tree et al., 2002)

morphogenesis of a polarized epithelium

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Classen et al., 2005)

Cellular Component ( 0 terms)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions ( 9 terms )

Molecular Function

CV term

Evidence

References

zinc ion binding

inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR001781, InterPro:IPR010442

(FlyBase Curators et al., 2004-)

Biological Process

CV term

Evidence

References

establishment of imaginal disc-derived wing hair orientation

traceable author statement

(Tree et al., 2002)

establishment of planar polarity

traceable author statement

(Torban et al., 2004, Mlodzik, 2002)

establishment of protein localization

traceable author statement

(Mlodzik, 2002)

establishment or maintenance of cell polarity

non-traceable author statement

(Gubb, 1999.7.5)

maintenance of protein location

traceable author statement

(Mlodzik, 2002)

protein localization

traceable author statement

(Cadigan, 2002)

Cellular Component

CV term

Evidence

References

cytoplasm

traceable author statement

(Mlodzik, 2002)

membrane

non-traceable author statement

(Mlodzik, 2002)

Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene

nuclear_gene

protein_coding_gene

Interactions & Pathways

Summary of Physical Interactions

Summary of Genetic Interactions

Interacts with

Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions

pk allele

Gene

References

pk¹

(Adler et al., 2000)

(Lee and Adler, 2002)

Vang

(Taylor et al., 1998, Rawls and Wolff, 2003)

pk³⁰

pk^D

(Taylor et al., 1998)

(Cooper and Bray, 1999)

(Lee and Adler, 2002)

(Lee and Adler, 2002)

(Jenny et al., 2003)

(Lee and Adler, 2002)

(Taylor et al., 1998)

unspecified

dco

(Strutt et al., 2006)

External Data

BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions

•

69608

DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.

•

FBgn0003090

InterologFinder Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets.

•

45343

Orthologs

OrthoDB Orthologs (85) - based on analysis using Dmel annotation version 5.41

OrthoDB Ortholog Groups

OrthoDB orthology group searches

(Waterhouse et al., 2011, Nucleic Acids Res. 39(Database issue): D283--D288)

Drosophila inclusive ortholog search

EOG66Q7C1

Dipteran inclusive ortholog search

EOG6T1HVN

Insect inclusive ortholog search

EOG6FN3CQ

Arthropod inclusive ortholog search

EOG6R4XHS

Metazoa inclusive ortholog search

EOG690M3S

Orthologs in Drosophila Species (EOG66Q7C1)

Organism

Common Name

Gene

AAA Syntenic Ortholog

Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group

Drosophila melanogaster

fruit fly

Drosophila sechellia

Drosophila erecta

Drosophila yakuba

Drosophila pseudoobscura pseudoobscura

Dpse\GA10748

Drosophila persimilis

Dper\GL11157

Drosophila willistoni

Dwil\GK21795

Drosophila virilis

Dvir\GJ15157

Drosophila mojavensis

Dmoj\GI19495

Drosophila grimshawi

Dgri\GH21524

Orthologs in non-Drosophila Dipterans (EOG6T1HVN)

Organism

Common Name

Gene

Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group

Aedes aegypti

Yellow fever mosquito

Aaeg\pk

Anopheles gambiae

Malaria mosquito

Agam\pk

Culex quinquefasciatus

Southern house mosquito

Cqui\CPIJ012800

Orthologs in non-Dipteran Insects (EOG6FN3CQ)

Organism

Common Name

Gene

Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group

Apis mellifera

Western honey bee

Amel\GB44796

Nasonia vitripennis

Parasitic wasp

Nvit\Nasvi2EG018205

Acromyrmex echinatior

Panamanian leafcutter ant

Aech\AECH12332

Atta cephalotes

Leafcutter ant

Acep\ACEP24901

Camponotus floridanus

Florida carpenter ant

Cflo\CFLO20372

Harpegnathos saltator

Jerdons jumping ant

Hsal\HSAL13029

Linepithema humile

Argentine ant

Lhum\LH21095

Pogonomyrmex barbatus

Red harvester ant

Pbar\PB25868

Pogonomyrmex barbatus

Red harvester ant

Pbar\PB25866

Solenopsis invicta

Red fire ant

Sinv\SINV10190

Acyrthosiphon pisum

Pea aphid

Apim\ACYPI072425

Bombyx mori

Silkmoth

Bmor\BGIBMGA012622

Pediculus humanus

Human body louse

Phum\PHUM142030

Tribolium castaneum

Red flour beetle

Tcas\TC009830

Orthologs in non-Insect Arthropods (EOG6R4XHS)

Organism

Common Name

Gene

Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group

Daphnia pulex

Water flea

Dpux\JGI_V11_21094

Ixodes scapularis

Deer tick

Isca\ISCW000274

Ixodes scapularis

Deer tick

Isca\ISCW000275

Orthologs in non-Arthropod Metazoa (EOG690M3S)

Organism

Common Name

Gene

Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group

Caenorhabditis elegans

Nematode

Cele\ZK381.5

Caenorhabditis elegans

Nematode

Cele\lim-9

Strongylocentrotus purpuratus

Purple sea urchin

Spur\SPU_023089gn

Strongylocentrotus purpuratus

Purple sea urchin

Spur\SPU_023090gn

Strongylocentrotus purpuratus

Purple sea urchin

Spur\SPU_007981gn

Danio rerio

Zebrafish

Drer\prickle3

Danio rerio

Zebrafish

Drer\prickle1a

Danio rerio

Zebrafish

Drer\zgc:92375

Danio rerio

Zebrafish

Drer\OTTDARG00000033442

Danio rerio

Zebrafish

Drer\CH1073-274H22.2

Danio rerio

Zebrafish

Drer\DKEY-218F9.8

Danio rerio

Zebrafish

Drer\fhl

Danio rerio

Zebrafish

Drer\fhla

Danio rerio

Zebrafish

Drer\fhl2b

Danio rerio

Zebrafish

Drer\prickle1b

Danio rerio

Zebrafish

Drer\prickle2

Danio rerio

Zebrafish

Drer\fhl2a

Xenopus tropicalis

Western clawed frog

Xtro\fhl2

Xenopus tropicalis

Western clawed frog

Xtro\ENSXETG00000030869

Xenopus tropicalis

Western clawed frog

Xtro\fhl1

Xenopus tropicalis

Western clawed frog

Xtro\LOC100145136

Xenopus tropicalis

Western clawed frog

Xtro\fhl3

Xenopus tropicalis

Western clawed frog

Xtro\prickle2

Xenopus tropicalis

Western clawed frog

Xtro\prickle1

Xenopus tropicalis

Western clawed frog

Xtro\fhl5

Gallus gallus

Domestic chicken

Ggal\FHL1

Gallus gallus

Domestic chicken

Ggal\FHL5

Gallus gallus

Domestic chicken

Ggal\FHL2

Gallus gallus

Domestic chicken

Ggal\FHL3

Gallus gallus

Domestic chicken

Ggal\PRICKLE1

Gallus gallus

Domestic chicken

Ggal\PRICKLE2

Mus musculus

House mouse

Mmus\Prickle1

Mus musculus

House mouse

Mmus\Prickle4

Mus musculus

House mouse

Mmus\Fhl5

Mus musculus

House mouse

Mmus\Fhl3

Mus musculus

House mouse

Mmus\Fhl1

Mus musculus

House mouse

Mmus\Prickle3

Mus musculus

House mouse

Mmus\Fhl4

Mus musculus

House mouse

Mmus\Prickle2

Mus musculus

House mouse

Mmus\Fhl2

Rattus norvegicus

Norway rat

Rnor\Prickle1

Rattus norvegicus

Norway rat

Rnor\Fhl3

Rattus norvegicus

Norway rat

Rnor\Fhl5

Rattus norvegicus

Norway rat

Rnor\Fhl2

Rattus norvegicus

Norway rat

Rnor\ENSRNOG00000014180

Rattus norvegicus

Norway rat

Rnor\Fhl1

Rattus norvegicus

Norway rat

Rnor\Prickle3

Rattus norvegicus

Norway rat

Rnor\Prickle2

Homo sapiens

Human

Hsap\FHL2

Homo sapiens

Human

Hsap\FHL5

Homo sapiens

Human

Hsap\PRICKLE3

Homo sapiens

Human

Hsap\PRICKLE1

Homo sapiens

Human

Hsap\FHL3

Homo sapiens

Human

Hsap\PRICKLE2

Homo sapiens

Human

Hsap\FHL1

Human Orthologs (7)

Gene

OMIM

HGNC

AAA Orthologs (11) based on analysis using Dmel annotation version 4.3

Organism

Gene

Drosophila simulans

Drosophila sechellia

Drosophila erecta

Drosophila yakuba

Drosophila ananassae

Drosophila pseudoobscura pseudoobscura

Dpse\GA10748

Drosophila persimilis

Dper\GL11157

Drosophila willistoni

Dwil\GK21795

Drosophila virilis

Dvir\GJ15157

Drosophila mojavensis

Dmoj\GI19495

Drosophila grimshawi

Dgri\GH21524

Stocks & Reagents

Stocks Listed in FlyBase ( 50 )

Bloomington

422

pk^sple-1

367

pk¹ cn¹

41777

105903

105875

pk¹ cn¹

101551

pk^pk-sple-6 bw^D / SM5

VDRC

v101480

P{KK109294}VIE-260B

v11099

w¹¹¹⁸; P{GD1510}v11099

More stocks available...

Genomic Clones ( 1 )

BACR12F04

Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete

cDNA Clones ( 124 )

Please Note

This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see GBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

cDNA Clones, Fully Sequenced

BDGP DGC clones

Other clones

cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)

BDGP DGC clones

Other clones

RNAi & Array Information

Linkouts

DRSC - Results from RNAi screens.

•

FBgn0003090

GenomeRNAi - GenomeRNAi – A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents

•

45343

Antibody Information

Other Information

Discoverer

Ives, Nov. 1938.

Etymology

Identification

Relationship to Other Genes

Source for database identity of

Source for database merge of

Source for merge of: pk CG11084

(Bayraktaroglu, 2000.4.13)

Source for merge of: pk CG12830

(FlyBase Genome Annotators, 2002-2003)

Additional comments

Annotations CG12830 and CG11084 merged as CG11084 (which corresponds to pk) in release 3 of the genome annotation.

(FlyBase Genome Annotators, 2002-2003)

Other Comments

During development of the bristle lineage, Vang protein is localised in an anterior crescent in dividing sensillum precursor cells.

(Bellaiche et al., 2004)

Mutations in fz-like class of genes fz, pk, Vang, stan and dsh act as strong enhancers of weak in or fy phenotypes.

(Lee and Adler, 2002)

in and fy are needed for cells to respond to pk and stan. Genetic analysis is not consistent with fz-like class of genes fz, pk, Vang, stan and dsh acting simply as positive or negative regulators of in and fy.

(Lee and Adler, 2002)

pk is required for a feedback loop that generates asymmetric planar cell polarity signalling in the wing.

(Tree et al., 2002)

The "Pk" class of alleles carry molecular lesions within the proximal 30kb of the transcription unit, whereas the "Pk-Sple" class of alleles map to the distal section of the transcription unit. In direction of increasing cytology: Spn43Aa+ pk+ Spn43Ab- nec- pk+ Ady43A-

(Gubb et al., 1999)

Alleles can be divided into three phenotypic classes, "Pk", "Pk-Sple", and "Sple". No allele causes an embryonic phenotype, even when homozygous mutant embryos develop from homozygous mutant mothers. Deletions of the pk gene are fully viable and fertile. The defects of the double mutant "Pk-Sple" class are the same as those seen with deletions of the entire gene. Paradoxically the "Pk" and "Sple" classes give more severe phenotypes with "Pk" affecting the wing and notum and "Sple" in the legs abdomen and eyes.

(Gubb et al., 1999)

The balance between the pk isoforms "Pk" and "Sple" is critical for the specification of planar polarity.

(Gubb et al., 1999)

pk is a slightly haploinsufficient gene. A deficiency for pk (and some pk point mutants) shows a weak, partially penetrant dominant tissue polarity phenotype. This effect is enhanced by several Vang alleles. Phenotypic data suggest that genetics of Vang and its interactions with pk are complex. Several, but not all, Vang alleles act as enhancers of the pk haploinsufficient tissue polarity phenotype, and the pk^TBJ21 antimorphic phenotype. Mutations in pk can also act as suppressors of Vang dominant phenotypes.

(Taylor et al., 1998)

Mutants do not exhibit defects in the denticle belt of hairs of the larvae.

(Dickinson and Thatcher, 1997)

In pk mutants the dorsal/ventral boundary in the eye is respected but the mechanism for ommatidial polarization is perturbed. A likely explanation for the observed phenotype is that the fates of dorsal and ventral cells within a cluster have been interchanged.

(Choi et al., 1996)

Mosaic analysis demonstrates pk function in either R3, R4 or R5 photoreceptor cell appears to be sufficient to drive an ommatidium in the right direction.

(Zheng et al., 1995)

Polarity pattern of wing, haltere and notum altered. Triple row bristles on anterior wing slanted proximally instead of distally. On the notum, the posterior acrostichal bristles are whorled.

(Lindsley and Zimm, 1992)

Trichomes near L2 vein arranged in counterclockwise whorl on right wing blade, in clockwise whorl on left blade; trichomes in anterior wing occasionally duplicated. Somatic clones of homozygous pk mutant cells have been generated. Not a vital locus.

(Gubb and Garcia-Bellido, 1982)

"AQ254872; BDGP:EP(2)2557" was stated as revision.

External Crossreferences & Linkouts

Sequence Crossreferences

RefSeq (Transcripts)

•

RefSeq (Proteins)

•

DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank

•

Entrez Gene - A searchable database of RefSeq genes.

•

45343

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

•

A1Z6W3

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

•

Q3YNB2

Other Crossreferences

InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites

•

Zinc finger, LIM-type (IPR001781)

PET domain (IPR010442)

Linkouts

BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions

•

69608

DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.

•

FBgn0003090

DRSC - Results from RNAi screens.

•

FBgn0003090

FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies

•

FBgn0003090

FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array

•

CG11084-RA

FlyMine - Integrated genomics database for Drosophila, Anopheles, and C.elegans

•

FBgn0003090

FlyReactome - A curated knowledgebase of Drosophila melanogaster pathways

•

243896

GenomeRNAi - GenomeRNAi – A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents

•

45343

Interactive Fly - A cyberspace guide to Drosophila development and metazoan evolution

•

/dbzhnsky/prickl1.htm

InterologFinder Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets.

•

45343

modMine - Data generated by the modENCODE project.

•

FBgn0003090

Synonyms & Secondary IDs ( 14 )

Reported As

Symbol Synonym

CG11084

(Keleman et al., 2009.8.5, Ni et al., 2010.12.1)

CG12830

(Luschnig, 2003.12.17, )

(Torban et al., 2004, Schweisguth et al., 2003, Humbert et al., 2006, Chung et al., 2008, Collier et al., 2008, Fanto and McNeill, 2004, Sweede et al., 2008, Ma et al., 2008, Matsubara et al., 2011, Weber et al., 2012, Sagner et al., 2012)

(Lawrence et al., 2004, Lawrence et al., 2007, Ren et al., 2006, Jenny et al., 2003, Strutt et al., 2006, Strutt and Strutt, 2005, KÃ¶nig T et al., 2007, Butchar et al., 2012, Classen et al., 2005, Mirkovic et al., 2011, Olguín et al., 2011, Luo et al., 2011, Chung et al., 2007, Jenny et al., 2005, Dahmann et al., 2008, Shimada et al., 2006, Muñoz-Descalzo et al., 2007, Le Garrec et al., 2006, Tao et al., 2011, Rawls et al., 2007, Mrkusich et al., 2011, Shimizu et al., 2011, Zhu, 2009, Chen et al., 2008, Fiehler and Wolff, 2007, Fiehler and Wolff, 2008, Shirai et al., 2007, Price et al., 2006, Strutt and Strutt, 2008, Lin and Gubb, 2009, He and Adler, 2002, Strutt and Warrington, 2008, Fetting et al., 2009, Chung et al., 2009, Doyle et al., 2008, Zhou et al., 2008, Pataki et al., 2010, Djiane and Mlodzik, 2010, Lu et al., 2010, Mourikis et al., 2010, Beltran et al., 2007, Hazelett et al., 2009, Hogan et al., 2011, Brown and Feder, 2005, Mirkovic et al., 2011, Daulat et al., 2012, Silicheva et al., 2010, Kuroda et al., 2012, Weber et al., 2012)

pkM

(Daulat et al., 2012)

pk-sple

(Das et al., 2004, Strutt et al., 2002, Mlodzik, 1999, Boutros and Mlodzik, 1999, Gubb, 1998, Lawrence et al., 2004, Montrasio et al., 2007, Peng et al., 2012, Weber et al., 2012)

Pk-Sple

(Eaton, 2003)

sple

(Collier et al., 2005, Strutt et al., 2002, del Alamo et al., 2002, Meinertzhagen, 2000, Clandinin and Zipursky, 2000, Cooper and Bray, 1999, Goldschmidt, 1944, Choi et al., 1996, Zheng et al., 1995, Gubb and Green, 1995, Craymer, 1980, Grau and Simpson, 1987, Lin and Gubb, 2009, Doyle et al., 2008)

Sple

(Doyle and Collier, 2008, Collier et al., 2008, Daulat et al., 2012)

Name Synonym

Prickle

(Djiane et al., 2006, Singla, 2006, Strutt, 2005, Chung et al., 2008, Collier et al., 2008, Fanto and McNeill, 2004, Kerszberg and Wolpert, 2007, Sweede et al., 2008, Strutt and Strutt, 2007, Chen et al., 2008, Strutt and Strutt, 2008, Doyle et al., 2008, Hogan et al., 2011, Matsubara et al., 2011, Daulat et al., 2012, Weber et al., 2012, Sagner et al., 2012)

prickle

(Lawrence et al., 2007, Leptin, 2005, Burnette et al., 2005, Strutt et al., 2006, Quaiser, 2006, Strutt and Strutt, 2005, Gordon and Nusse, 2006, Doyle and Collier, 2008, Le Garrec et al., 2006, Tao et al., 2011, Mrkusich et al., 2011, Fiehler and Wolff, 2007, He and Adler, 2002, Fetting et al., 2009, Pataki et al., 2010, Held, 2005, Mourikis et al., 2010, Michaut et al., 2011, Kuroda et al., 2012)

prickle-spiny legs

(Ackley and Jin, 2004, Mlodzik, 2002)

prickle-spiny-legs

(Lin and Gubb, 2003, Cadigan, 2002, Strutt and Strutt, 1999)

spiny legs

Secondary FlyBase IDs

FBgn0003477
FBgn0033151
FBgn0040783

References ( 228 )

Generate a list of

All references relating to this gene ( 228 )

List References by type

Research paper ( 106 )
Supplementary material ( 7 )
Review ( 42 )
Personal communication to FlyBase ( 20 )
Abstract ( 42 )
FlyBase analysis ( 3 )
Conference report ( 4 )
Book ( 2 )
DNA/RNA sequence record ( 1 )

Recent research papers ( 19 )

Belalcazar et al., 2013, G3 (Bethesda) 3(1): 5--8: Insect wing membrane topography is determined by the dorsal wing epithelium. [FBrf0220472]
Warrington et al., 2013, Development 140(5): 1045--1054: The Frizzled-dependent planar polarity pathway locally promotes E-cadherin turnover via recruitment of RhoGEF2. [FBrf0220829]
Butchar et al., 2012, Genetics 191(4): 1213--1226: New negative feedback regulators of egfr signaling in Drosophila. [FBrf0219175]
Daulat et al., 2012, Mol. Cell. Biol. 32(1): 173--185: Mink1 Regulates β-Catenin-Independent Wnt Signaling via Prickle Phosphorylation. [FBrf0216890]
Kuroda et al., 2012, Mech. Dev. 128(11-12): 625--639: Canonical Wnt signaling in the visceral muscle is required for left-right asymmetric development of the Drosophila midgut. [FBrf0217619]
Peng et al., 2012, Dev. Cell 23(3): 507--518: Planar Polarized Protrusions Break the Symmetry of EGFR Signaling during Drosophila Bract Cell Fate Induction. [FBrf0219458]
Sagner et al., 2012, Curr. Biol. 22(14): 1296--1301: Establishment of Global Patterns of Planar Polarity during Growth of the Drosophila Wing Epithelium. [FBrf0219045]
Struhl et al., 2012, Development 139(19): 3665--3674: Dissecting the molecular bridges that mediate the function of Frizzled in planar cell polarity. [FBrf0220280]
Weber et al., 2012, Genetics 191(1): 145--162: Novel regulators of planar cell polarity: a genetic analysis in Drosophila. [FBrf0218210]
Weber et al., 2012, PLoS ONE 7(4): e34745: Genome-Wide Association Analysis of Oxidative Stress Resistance in Drosophila melanogaster. [FBrf0218073]
Hogan et al., 2011, PLoS Genet. 7(2): e1001305: Two frizzled planar cell polarity signals in the Drosophila wing are differentially organized by the fat/dachsous pathway. [FBrf0213159]
Luo et al., 2011, Development 138(13): 2761--2771: Direct targets of the D. melanogaster DSXF protein and the evolution of sexual development. [FBrf0213878]
Matsubara et al., 2011, Genes Dev. 25(18): 1982--1996: The seven-pass transmembrane cadherin Flamingo controls dendritic self-avoidance via its binding to a LIM domain protein, Espinas, in Drosophila sensory neurons. [FBrf0215818]
Michaut et al., 2011, Dev. Growth Differ. 53(9): 982--993: Analyzing the function of a hox gene: An evolutionary approach. [FBrf0216990]
Mirkovic et al., 2011, Nat. Struct. Mol. Biol. 18(6): 665--672: Nemo kinase phosphorylates β-catenin to promote ommatidial rotation and connects core PCP factors to E-cadherin-β-catenin. [FBrf0213849]
Mrkusich et al., 2011, Dev. Biol. 358(1): 224--230: The core planar cell polarity gene prickle interacts with flamingo to promote sensory axon advance in the Drosophila embryo. [FBrf0215204]
Shimizu et al., 2011, J. Neurosci. 31(13): 4944--4954: The wnt5/planar cell polarity pathway regulates axonal development of the Drosophila mushroom body neuron. [FBrf0213382]
Strutt et al., 2011, Dev. Cell 20(4): 511--525: Dynamics of core planar polarity protein turnover and stable assembly into discrete membrane subdomains. [FBrf0214246]
Tao et al., 2011, Am. J. Hum. Genet. 88(2): 138--149: Mutations in prickle orthologs cause seizures in flies, mice, and humans. [FBrf0212997]

Show all research papers ...

Recent reviews (0)

All reviews listed in FlyBase were published before 2011

Show reviews ...