FB2020_01, released Feb 12, 2020

Gene: Dmel\pnt

Open Close
General Information
Symbol
Dmel\pnt
Species
D. melanogaster
Name
pointed
Annotation Symbol
CG17077
Feature Type
protein_coding_gene
FlyBase ID
FBgn0003118
Gene Model Status
Current
Stock Availability
50 publicly available
Gene Snapshot
In progress.Contributions welcome.
Other Summaries
Also Known As

PntP1, PntP2, D-ets-2, pointed-P1, pointedP2

Key Links
Genomic Location
Cytogenetic map
94E10-94E13
Sequence location
3R:23,290,231..23,346,167 [-]
Recombination map

3-78

RefSeq locus
NT_033777 REGION:23290231..23346167
Sequence
Get Decorated FASTA
Genomic Maps
Other Genome Views
The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.
NCBI
UCSC
Ensembl
PopFly
Function
GO Summary Ribbons
Gene Group (FlyBase)
Pathway (FlyBase)
Protein Family (UniProt)
Belongs to the ETS family. (P51023)
Protein Signatures (InterPro)
Molecular Function (GO)
[Detailed GO annotations]
Experimental Evidence
DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specific; protein binding; sequence-specific DNA binding; transcription regulatory region DNA binding
Predictions / Assertions
DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific
Summaries
Gene Group (FlyBase)
ETS DOMAIN TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS -
The E26 transformation specific (ETS) domain transcription factors are sequence-specific DNA-binding proteins that regulate transcription. These factors are characterized by a conserved 85 amino acid DNA binding ETS domain that binds specifically to purine-rich DNA motif GGAA/T. (Adapted from PMID:11715049 and PMID:9570133).
Pathway (FlyBase)
Sevenless Signaling Pathway Core Components -
The specification of the R7 photoreceptor cell in each ommatidium of the developing Drosophila eye is dependent on activation of Sevenless receptor tyrosine kinase, which acts via the canonical Ras/Raf/MAP kinase cascade to promote the expression of lz and pros. sev, expressed in presumptive R7 cells, is activated by binding to Bride of Sevenless (boss), a seven-transmembrane protein expressed in R8 cells. (Adapted from FBrf0127283 and FBrf0221727).
Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Signaling Pathway Core Components -
The Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) signaling pathway is used multiple times during development (FBrf0190321). It is activated by the binding of a secreted ligand to the receptor tyrosine kinase Egfr and acts via the canonical Ras/Raf/MAP kinase (ERK) cascade. (Adapted from FBrf0190321 and FBrf0221727).
Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor Signaling Pathway Core Components -
Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor (FGFR) signaling pathway is initiated by the binding of secreted FGFs - bnl or ths/pyr to receptor tyrosine kinases btl or htl, respectively, to initiate signaling primarily via the canonical Ras/Raf/MAP kinase (ERK) cascade. (Adapted from FBrf0221038).
Protein Function (UniProtKB)
ETS transcription factor with a prominent role during development of the eye and the nervous system (PubMed:8223245, PubMed:8033205, PubMed:23757412, PubMed:28245922). Required for glial-neuronal cell interactions at the ventral midline which are necessary for the proper elaboration of commissures in the embryonic CNS (PubMed:8223245). Isoform P2: Required for normal EGFR-induced photoreceptor development probably as a downstream effector of Ras85D (PubMed:8033205, PubMed:23757412). In larval eye imaginal disks, activated by MAPK phosphorylation following EGFR activation, induces transcription of isoform P1 which in turn activates transcription of target genes essential for photoreceptor development (PubMed:23757412). Isoform P1: Required for normal EGFR-induced photoreceptor development (PubMed:23757412). Following transcriptional activation by isoform P2, acts as a constitutive activator of transcription, leading to induction of target genes essential for photoreceptor development (PubMed:8033205, PubMed:23757412). In larval brains, involved in the maintenance of type II neuroblast self-renewal and identity together with brat, btd and pros; prevents intermediate neuronal progenitor (INP) dedifferentiation by regulating the expression of erm probably via Notch signaling; suppresses Ase expression in type II neuroblasts and promotes the generation of intermediate neuronal progenitors (PubMed:22143802, PubMed:27151950, PubMed:27510969, PubMed:28899667, PubMed:28245922).
(UniProt, P51023)
Phenotypic Description (Red Book; Lindsley and Zimm 1992)
Ets2: Ets-2 proto-oncogene homologue
Encodes a Drosophila homologue to the ets gene from the avian erythroblastosis retrovirus E26. mRNA constitutively present in all developmental stages, with elevated levels of expression in 0-9-hr embryos and pupae.
pnt: pointed
Homozygous lethal. Zygotic expression in embryo. Head skeleton of embryo pointed; median part of all denticle bands deleted. CNS broad and less dense than wild type. Sensory organs (maxillary, antennal, and Keilin's organs) spread.
Summary (Interactive Fly)

transcription factor - ets family - a target of Egf signaling - required for the differentiation of glial cells in the ventral nerve cord - required downstream of Ras in the development of the eye prevents both premature differentiation and dedifferentiation of Drosophila intermediate neural progenitors

Gene Model and Products
Number of Transcripts
4
Number of Unique Polypeptides
4

Please see the GBrowse view of Dmel\pnt or the JBrowse view of Dmel\pnt for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)
Isoform displayed:
Pfam protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Protein Domains (via SMART)
Isoform displayed:
SMART protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Comments on Gene Model

Low-frequency RNA-Seq exon junction(s) not annotated.

Gene model reviewed during 5.47

Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene
nuclear_gene
protein_coding_gene
Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name
FlyBase ID
RefSeq ID
Length (nt)
Assoc. CDS (aa)
pnt-RB
FBtr0089717
NM_079737
4074
718
pnt-RC
FBtr0089715
NM_170070
2996
623
pnt-RD
FBtr0089716
NM_170651
2805
636
pnt-RE
FBtr0334554
NM_001275943
3715
625
Additional Transcript Data and Comments
Reported size (kB)

4.2, 4.0 (northern blot)

(Klambt, 1993)

4.4 (northern blot)

(Chen et al., 1992)

4.7 (northern blot)

(Pribyl et al., 1988)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name
FlyBase ID
Predicted MW (kDa)
Length (aa)
Theoretical pI
RefSeq ID
GenBank
pnt-PB
FBpp0088658
77.7
718
6.60
NP_524461
AAF56125
pnt-PC
FBpp0088656
66.9
623
6.72
NP_732858
AAN13943
pnt-PD
FBpp0088657
69.9
636
6.69
NP_732857
AAN13942
pnt-PE
FBpp0306621
67.0
625
6.72
NP_001262872
AGB96252
Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

None of the polypeptides share 100% sequence identity.

Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments
Reported size (kDa)

718, 623 (aa); 78, 67 (kD predicted)

(Klambt, 1993)
Comments

The P2 pnt protein, which has a single MAP kinase phosphorylation site motif, is phosphorylated by rl MAP kinase in vitro.

(Brunner et al., 1994)

The amino acid sequences of various Ets gene

family members were studied to determine evolutionary relatedness.

Phylogenetic trees were derived.

(Lautenberger et al., 1992)
External Data
Post Translational Modification

Isoform P2: Phosphorylated at Thr-151 by rl.

(UniProt, P51023)
Crossreferences
InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
Linkouts
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\pnt using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data
Crossreferences
Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
Linkouts
Gene Ontology (45 terms)
Molecular Function (5 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (4 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specific
inferred from direct assay
(Vivekanand et al., 2004, Yamada et al., 2003, Yuasa et al., 2003, Baonza et al., 2002, O'Neill et al., 1994)
protein binding
inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:edl; FB:FBgn0023214
(Baker et al., 2001)
sequence-specific DNA binding
inferred from direct assay
(assigned by UniProt )
(Janssens et al., 2017)
transcription regulatory region DNA binding
inferred from direct assay
(assigned by UniProt )
(Janssens et al., 2017)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000218930
(assigned by GO_Central )
(Gaudet et al., 2011)
Biological Process (39 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (37 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
cell dedifferentiation
inferred from mutant phenotype
(assigned by UniProt )
(Xie et al., 2016)
inferred from genetic interaction with UniProtKB:P29617
(assigned by UniProt )
(Xie et al., 2016)
determination of adult lifespan
inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:aop; FB:FBgn0000097
(Alic et al., 2014)
inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:foxo; FB:FBgn0038197
(Alic et al., 2014)
determination of genital disc primordium
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Chen et al., 2005)
epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Zhang et al., 2011, Vivekanand et al., 2004)
epithelial cell migration, open tracheal system
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Hsouna et al., 2010, Cabernard and Affolter, 2005)
epithelial cell proliferation involved in Malpighian tubule morphogenesis
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Kerber et al., 1998)
eye-antennal disc morphogenesis
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Brown et al., 2006)
fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway
inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:htl; FB:FBgn0010389
(Dragojlovic-Munther and Martinez-Agosto, 2013)
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Cabernard and Affolter, 2005, Ohshiro et al., 2002)
imaginal disc-derived wing morphogenesis
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Dworkin and Gibson, 2006)
leg disc proximal/distal pattern formation
inferred from expression pattern
(Galindo et al., 2005)
lymph gland crystal cell differentiation
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Dragojlovic-Munther and Martinez-Agosto, 2013)
lymph gland plasmatocyte differentiation
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Dragojlovic-Munther and Martinez-Agosto, 2013)
muscle fiber development
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Dutta et al., 2005)
negative regulation of apoptotic signaling pathway
inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:hid; FB:FBgn0003997
(Kurada and White, 1998)
negative regulation of cardioblast cell fate specification
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Alvarez et al., 2003)
negative regulation of DNA-binding transcription factor activity
inferred from direct assay
(O'Neill et al., 1994)
oenocyte differentiation
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Wang et al., 2017)
ommatidial rotation
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Fetting et al., 2009, Gaengel and Mlodzik, 2003)
open tracheal system development
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Cruz et al., 2015)
pericardial nephrocyte differentiation
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Alvarez et al., 2003)
photoreceptor cell development
inferred from mutant phenotype
(assigned by UniProt )
(O'Neill et al., 1994)
inferred from genetic interaction with UniProtKB:P08646
(assigned by UniProt )
(O'Neill et al., 1994)
inferred from genetic interaction with UniProtKB:P11346
(assigned by UniProt )
(O'Neill et al., 1994)
inferred from genetic interaction with UniProtKB:Q24324
(assigned by UniProt )
(O'Neill et al., 1994)
positive regulation of cell population proliferation
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Buchon et al., 2010)
positive regulation of gene expression
inferred from direct assay
(Hope et al., 2018)
inferred from mutant phenotype
(assigned by UniProt )
(Li et al., 2016)
positive regulation of neuron differentiation
inferred from mutant phenotype
(assigned by UniProt )
(Xie et al., 2016)
positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Wang et al., 2017, Zhang et al., 2011, Morozova et al., 2010, Baonza et al., 2002, Ohshiro et al., 2002)
inferred from direct assay
(Vivekanand et al., 2004, Yamada et al., 2003)
positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated
inferred from mutant phenotype
(assigned by UniProt )
(O'Neill et al., 1994)
primary branching, open tracheal system
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Myat et al., 2005)
R3/R4 cell fate commitment
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Weber et al., 2008)
R7 cell fate commitment
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Brunner et al., 1994)
regulation of neuroblast proliferation
inferred from mutant phenotype
(assigned by UniProt )
(Li et al., 2017, Xie et al., 2016)
inferred from genetic interaction with UniProtKB:P29617
(assigned by UniProt )
(Xie et al., 2016)
inferred from genetic interaction with UniProtKB:Q24266
(assigned by UniProt )
(Xie et al., 2016)
inferred from genetic interaction with UniProtKB:Q01071
(assigned by UniProt )
(Li et al., 2017)
inferred from genetic interaction with UniProtKB:Q26263
(assigned by UniProt )
(Li et al., 2017)
inferred from genetic interaction with UniProtKB:Q9VQ56
(assigned by UniProt )
(Li et al., 2017, Li et al., 2016)
inferred from genetic interaction with UniProtKB:P07207
(assigned by UniProt )
(Li et al., 2016)
inferred from genetic interaction with UniProtKB:P07207,UniProtKB:Q9VQ56
(assigned by UniProt )
(Li et al., 2016)
regulation of neurogenesis
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Zhu et al., 2011)
regulation of neuron differentiation
inferred from genetic interaction with UniProtKB:P29617
(assigned by UniProt )
(Xie et al., 2016)
inferred from genetic interaction with UniProtKB:Q24266
(assigned by UniProt )
(Xie et al., 2016)
secondary branching, open tracheal system
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Ribeiro et al., 2002)
sevenless signaling pathway
inferred from direct assay
(O'Neill et al., 1994)
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Brunner et al., 1994)
terminal cell fate specification, open tracheal system
inferred from high throughput mutant phenotype
(Ghabrial et al., 2011)
trachea development
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Mortimer and Moberg, 2009)
wing disc dorsal/ventral pattern formation
inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:Bx; FB:FBgn0265598, FLYBASE:ap; FB:FBgn0267978
(Bejarano et al., 2008)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
cell differentiation
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000218930
(assigned by GO_Central )
(Gaudet et al., 2011)
regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000218930
(assigned by GO_Central )
(Gaudet et al., 2011)
Cellular Component (1 term)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
nucleus
inferred from direct assay
(Brunner et al., 1994)
inferred from mutant phenotype
(assigned by UniProt )
(O'Neill et al., 1994)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
nucleus
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000218930
(assigned by GO_Central )
(Gaudet et al., 2011)
Expression Data
Expression Summary Ribbons
Colored tiles in ribbon indicate that expression data has been curated by FlyBase for that anatomical location. Colorless tiles indicate that there is no curated data for that location.
For complete stage-specific expression data, view the modENCODE Development RNA-Seq section under High-Throughput Expression below.
Transcript Expression
in situ
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
larval stage
morphogenetic furrow
(Brunner et al., 1994)
eye disc posterior to the morphogenetic furrow
(Brunner et al., 1994)
embryonic stage
maxillary segment
(Klambt, 1993)
labial segment
(Klambt, 1993)
mandibular segment
(Klambt, 1993)
lateral ventral neurectoderm
(Klambt, 1993)
embryonic stage 11 -- 17
embryonic/larval tracheal system
(Klambt, 1993)
embryonic stage 12 -- 14
VUM neuron
(Klambt, 1993)
interface glial cell
(Klambt, 1993)
third instar larval stage
ommatidium | restricted
(Rawlins et al., 2003)
embryonic stage 12 -- 13
imaginal disc primordium
(Scholz et al., 1993)
midline glial cell
(Scholz et al., 1993)
mesoderm
(Scholz et al., 1993)
organism | restricted | segmentally repeated

Comment: complex pattern

(Chen et al., 1992)
embryonic stage 6 -- 12
mesoderm
(Klambt, 1993)
embryonic stage 9 -- 10
ventral ectoderm | restricted | segmentally repeated

Comment: 1-2 cells/hemisegment

(Wessells et al., 1999)
ventral midline | restricted | segmentally repeated

Comment: 1-2 cells/hemisegment

(Wessells et al., 1999)
antennal primordium

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)
central brain primordium

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)
visual primordium

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)
dorsal head epidermis primordium

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)
lateral head epidermis primordium

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)
ventral head epidermis primordium

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)
clypeo-labral primordium
(Fisher et al., 2012)
dorsal ectoderm
(Fisher et al., 2012)
foregut primordium
(Fisher et al., 2012)
organism | segmentally repeated
(Fisher et al., 2012)
organism | ubiquitous
(Fisher et al., 2012)
trunk mesoderm
(Fisher et al., 2012)
ventral ectoderm
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 11
ventral ectoderm
(Chang et al., 2000)
embryonic stage 4 -- 5
organism | anterior | dorsal

Comment: dorsal anterior tip of embryo

(Chen et al., 1992)
embryonic stage 7 -- 8
ventral neurectoderm | restricted
(Chen et al., 1992)
anterior endoderm
(Chen et al., 1992)
antennal anlage

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm anlage

(Fisher et al., 2012)
central brain anlage

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm anlage

(Fisher et al., 2012)
dorsal head epidermis anlage

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm anlage

(Fisher et al., 2012)
visual anlage

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm anlage

(Fisher et al., 2012)
clypeo-labral anlage
(Fisher et al., 2012)
foregut anlage
(Fisher et al., 2012)
organism | ubiquitous
(Fisher et al., 2012)
ventral ectoderm
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 10 -- 11
mesoderm
(Chen et al., 1992)
parasegmental furrow | anterior to
(Chen et al., 1992)
embryonic stage 1 -- 3
organism

Comment: maternally deposited

(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 4 -- 6
central brain anlage in statu nascendi
(Fisher et al., 2012)
foregut anlage in statu nascendi
(Fisher et al., 2012)
organism | ubiquitous
(Fisher et al., 2012)
antennal anlage in statu nascendi

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm anlage in statu nascendi

(Fisher et al., 2012)
dorsal head epidermis anlage in statu nascendi

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm anlage in statu nascendi

(Fisher et al., 2012)
visual anlage in statu nascendi

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm anlage in statu nascendi

(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 11 -- 12
antennal primordium

Comment: reported as procephalon primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)
central brain primordium

Comment: reported as procephalon primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)
dorsal head epidermis primordium

Comment: reported as head epidermis primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)
lateral head epidermis primordium

Comment: reported as head epidermis primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)
ventral head epidermis primordium

Comment: reported as head epidermis primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)
visual primordium

Comment: reported as procephalon primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)
clypeo-labral primordium
(Fisher et al., 2012)
dorsal epidermis primordium
(Fisher et al., 2012)
foregut primordium
(Fisher et al., 2012)
hindgut proper primordium
(Fisher et al., 2012)
organism | segmentally repeated
(Fisher et al., 2012)
organism | ubiquitous
(Fisher et al., 2012)
trunk mesoderm
(Fisher et al., 2012)
ventral epidermis primordium
(Fisher et al., 2012)
ventral nerve cord primordium
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 13 -- 16
embryonic brain
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic dorsal epidermis
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic esophagus
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic head epidermis
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic hindgut
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic proventriculus
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic/larval circulatory system
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic/larval muscle system
(Fisher et al., 2012)
labral segment
(Fisher et al., 2012)
longitudinal visceral muscle fiber
(Fisher et al., 2012)
organism | faint | ubiquitous
(Fisher et al., 2012)
ventral nerve cord
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 5
organism | 100% egg length
(Klambt, 1993)
embryonic stage 9 -- 11
mesoderm
(Sandmann et al., 2006)
northern blot
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
embryonic stage -- adult stage
organism
(Chen et al., 1992)
RT-PCR
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
larval stage
type II neuroblast
(Komori et al., 2014)
embryonic/larval brain
(Komori et al., 2014)
Additional Descriptive Data

pnt mRNA is highly enriched in the lysate extracted from larval brains enriched with type II neuroblasts.

(Komori et al., 2014)

Transcript is expressed in the intermediate groups and R8 photoreceptor equivalence groups of the developing retina.

(Rawlins et al., 2003)
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Polypeptide Expression
immunolocalization
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
third instar larval stage
neuroblast of embryonic/larval optic lobe
(Weng et al., 2012)
optic lobe neuroepithelial cell | subset
(Yasugi et al., 2010)
lamina anlage glial cell
(Yasugi et al., 2010)
type II neuroblast
(Zhu et al., 2011)
larval stage
ommatidium | precursor
(Brunner et al., 1994)
morphogenetic furrow | subset
(Brunner et al., 1994)
larval neuroblast | subset
(Zhang et al., 2016)
embryonic stage 10 -- 13
Bolwig organ primordium
(Sprecher et al., 2007)
pupal stage P6 -- P7
bract of tibia
(Mou et al., 2012)
Additional Descriptive Data

During induction of bract cells in pupae, pnt is initially upregulated in all cells adjacent to bristle lineage cells at 30h APF, but it is highest in the bract cell and is lost from other cells by 36h APF.

(Mou et al., 2012)

pnt expression is observed in Type II neuroblast lineages in third instar larvae.

(Zhu et al., 2011)

pnt expression is observed in three or four rows of medial neurepithelial cells in the optic lobe, some of which also express l(1)sc through the third instar larval stage, indicating that the Egfr signal is activated in neuroepithelial cells at and

(Yasugi et al., 2010)

near the proneural wave. pnt is also observed in lamina glial cells in late third instar. The pattern is complementary to aop.

(Yasugi et al., 2010)

pnt expression is observed in the Bolwig organ primordium from embryonic stage 10/11 to stage 12/13 and is gone by stage 15.

(Sprecher et al., 2007)

With an antibody that detects both pnt protein isoforms, pnt protein is detected in the nuclei of ommatidial precursor cells. In a background that is mutant for the 718 amino acid P2 isoform, most all nuclear staining is eliminated, except for clusters of nuclei in the morphogenetic furrow, and scattered nuclei in the posterior part of the eye. This staining presumably corresponds to the P1 isoform, and is in good agreement with the distribution of the P1 transcript.

(Brunner et al., 1994)

With an antibody that detects both pnt protein isoforms, pnt protein is detected in the nuclei of ommatidial precursor cells. In a background that is mutant for the 718 amino acid P2 isoform, most all nuclear staining is eliminated, except for clusters of nuclei in the morphogenetic furrow, and scattered nuclei in the posterior part of the eye. This staining presumably corresponds to the P1 isoform, and is in good agreement with the distribution of the P1 transcript. In photoreceptor precursors, the appearance of pnt P2 protein precedes the appearance of elav protein, and after about 4-6 hours of co-expression, pnt P2 protein is no longer detected.

(Brunner et al., 1994)
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Evidence
References
nucleus
inferred from direct assay
(Brunner et al., 1994)
inferred from mutant phenotype
(assigned by UniProt )
(O'Neill et al., 1994)
Expression Deduced from Reporters
Reporter: P{A92}pntrM254
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
embryonic stage
medial intersegmental nerve root glial cell
(Klaes et al., 1994)
A-subperineurial glial cell
(Klaes et al., 1994)
B-subperineurial glial cell of abdomen
(Klaes et al., 1994)
interface glial cell
(Klaes et al., 1994)
glial cell of VUM neuron
(Klaes et al., 1994)
Reporter: P{GAL4}pnt14-94
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
larval stage
type II neuroblast
(Eroglu et al., 2014, Berger et al., 2012)
early third instar larval stage -- late third instar larval stage
type II neuroblast
(Zhu et al., 2012)
secondary neuroblast
(Zhu et al., 2012)
third instar larval stage
type II neuroblast
(Zhu et al., 2011)
Reporter: P{lacW}pnt1277
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
embryonic stage 11
embryonic/larval oenocyte precursor
(Elstob et al., 2001)
C1 chordotonal organ precursor cell
(Elstob et al., 2001)
pupal stage P6
epithelial cell | subset of leg

Comment: 20-24h APF

(Peng et al., 2012)
pupal stage P6 -- P7
bract primordium | subset of leg | intense

Comment: 28-40h APF

(Peng et al., 2012)
epithelial cell | subset of leg | faint

Comment: 28-40h APF

(Peng et al., 2012)
embryonic stage
midline glial cell
(Klaes et al., 1994)
adult stage
adult Malpighian tubule Type I cell | subset
(Wang et al., 2004)
adult Malpighian tubule Type II cell | subset
(Wang et al., 2004)
second instar larval stage
wing disc | restricted
(Paul et al., 2013)
third instar larval stage
ventral thoracic disc | restricted
(Galindo et al., 2005)
adepithelial cell of leg disc
(Galindo et al., 2005)
prepupal stage P3
leg | restricted
(Galindo et al., 2005)
adepithelial cell of leg disc
(Galindo et al., 2005)
myoblast
(Galindo et al., 2005)
Reporter: P{lacW}pntS060807a
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
embryonic stage
(Salzberg et al., 1997)
Reporter: P{lacW}pntS099812
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
embryonic stage
embryonic/larval heart
(Salzberg et al., 1997)
embryonic/larval midgut | restricted
(Salzberg et al., 1997)
Reporter: P{pnt.H-Stinger}
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
embryonic stage 9 -- 11
mesoderm
(Sandmann et al., 2006)
Reporter: P{PZ}pnt07825
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
wandering third instar larval stage
imaginal disc
(Meister and Braun, 1995.10)
Malpighian tubule | restricted
(Meister and Braun, 1995.10)
embryonic stage 12 -- 17
embryonic/larval tracheal system | restricted
(Samakovlis et al., 1996)
adult stage
lamina
(Vosshall, 1998.8.10)
embryonic stage 10 -- 17
Malpighian tubule | restricted
(Kerber et al., 1998)
Reporter: P{ST.lexA::HG}pntSE118
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
wandering third instar larval stage
embryonic/larval central nervous system
(Bloomington Drosophila Stock Center, 2019)
cell body rind of optic lobe
(Bloomington Drosophila Stock Center, 2019)
ventral nerve cord
(Bloomington Drosophila Stock Center, 2019)
midline glial cell
(Bloomington Drosophila Stock Center, 2019)
ring gland
(Bloomington Drosophila Stock Center, 2019)
prothoracic gland
(Bloomington Drosophila Stock Center, 2019)
embryonic/larval proventriculus
(Bloomington Drosophila Stock Center, 2019)
embryonic/larval fat body
(Bloomington Drosophila Stock Center, 2019)
eye disc
(Bloomington Drosophila Stock Center, 2019)
photoreceptor cell
(Bloomington Drosophila Stock Center, 2019)
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools

GBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\pnt in GBrowse 2
RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region
Bulk Downloads
RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes
Reference
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle
Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis
External Data and Images
Linkouts
BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies
FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
Images
FlyBase Wiki
Image Based Resources
Alleles, Insertions, and Transgenic Constructs
Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 102 )
For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show
 
Other relevant insertions
Transgenic Constructs ( 25 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of pnt
Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of pnt
Deletions and Duplications ( 12 )
Phenotypes
For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.
Lethality
Allele
lethal, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237
lethal | male limited, with Scer\GAL4Bx-MS1096
lethal | male limited | cold sensitive, with Scer\GAL4Bx-MS1096
lethal | pupal stage, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237
lethal | recessive
lethal - all die before end of embryonic stage
lethal - all die before end of embryonic stage, with Scer\GAL4nos.PG
lethal - all die before end of embryonic stage | recessive
lethal - all die before end of larval stage
lethal - all die before end of larval stage | recessive
lethal - all die before end of pupal stage | recessive
partially lethal | female limited, with Scer\GAL4Bx-MS1096
partially lethal | female limited | cold sensitive, with Scer\GAL4Bx-MS1096
viable
viable, with Scer\GAL4nos.PG
Sterility
Allele
female semi-sterile, with Scer\GAL455B
female semi-sterile, with Scer\GAL4c324a
female sterile, with Scer\GAL455B
female sterile, with Scer\GAL4c324a
fertile
Other Phenotypes
Allele
cell number defective | embryonic stage, with Scer\GAL4tin.CΔ4, Scer\GAL4tin.cBa
cell polarity defective (with pnt1277)
cell polarity defective (with pntΔ88)
decreased cell number | embryonic stage 15
decreased cell number | embryonic stage 15 (with pnt05484Δ33)
decreased cell number | embryonic stage 15 (with pntMI03880)
decreased cell number | embryonic stage 15 | recessive
decreased cell number | embryonic stage | somatic clone
decreased cell number | larval stage
decreased cell number | larval stage (with pntP1-82)
decreased cell number | larval stage (with pntP1-90)
decreased cell number | larval stage (with pntΔ88)
decreased cell number | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4pnt-14-94
decreased occurrence of cell division | adult stage | conditional, with Scer\GAL4NP5130
immune response defective | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4NP5130
increased cell number | embryonic stage
increased cell number | embryonic stage 15, with Scer\GAL4prd.PU
increased cell number | embryonic stage 15, with Scer\GAL4salm-459.2
increased cell number | embryonic stage (with Df(3R)Exel9012)
increased cell number | embryonic stage | somatic clone
increased cell number | larval stage
increased cell number | larval stage, with Scer\GAL4He.PZ
increased cell number | larval stage, with Scer\GAL4Hml.PG
increased cell number | larval stage (with pntP1-82)
increased cell number | larval stage (with pntP1-90)
increased cell number | larval stage (with pntΔ88)
increased cell number | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4pnt-14-94
increased occurrence of cell division | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4Dl.PU
increased occurrence of cell division | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4NP5130
mitotic cell cycle defective | somatic clone
neuroanatomy defective
neuroanatomy defective | larval stage
neuroanatomy defective | larval stage, with Scer\GAL4elav-C155
neuroanatomy defective | larval stage, with Scer\GAL80ts.αTub84B
neuroanatomy defective | larval stage (with pntP1-82)
neuroanatomy defective | larval stage (with pntP1-90)
neuroanatomy defective | larval stage (with pntΔ88)
neuroanatomy defective | larval stage | somatic clone
neuroanatomy defective | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4pnt-14-94
planar polarity defective, with Scer\GAL4hs.2sev
planar polarity defective (with pnt1230)
planar polarity defective (with pnt1277)
planar polarity defective (with pntKG04968)
planar polarity defective (with pntΔ88)
short lived, with Scer\GAL4Switch1.106
short lived, with Scer\GAL4TIGS-2
short lived | RU486 conditional, with Scer\GAL4da.Switch.PT
size defective, with Scer\GAL4ey.PU
some die during embryonic stage
some die during embryonic stage, with Scer\GAL4nos.PG
some die during embryonic stage | recessive
some die during larval stage | recessive
some die during pupal stage | recessive
visible, with Scer\GAL471B
visible, with Scer\GAL4dpp.blk1
visible, with Scer\GAL4ey.PU
visible (with pnt1277)
visible (with pntΔ88)
visible | dominant
visible | homeotic, with Scer\GAL4ey.PB
Phenotype manifest in
Allele
A1-7 dorsal acute muscle 1
abdominal 1 anterior commissure
abdominal 1 lateral pentascolopidial chordotonal organ lch5
abdominal 1 posterior commissure
abdominal 1 ventral monoscolopidial chordotonal organ vch1
abdominal 2 anterior commissure
abdominal 2 lateral pentascolopidial chordotonal organ lch5
abdominal 2 posterior commissure
abdominal 2 ventral monoscolopidial chordotonal organ vch1
abdominal 3 anterior commissure
abdominal 3 lateral pentascolopidial chordotonal organ lch5
abdominal 3 posterior commissure
abdominal 3 ventral monoscolopidial chordotonal organ vch1
abdominal 4 anterior commissure
abdominal 4 lateral pentascolopidial chordotonal organ lch5
abdominal 4 posterior commissure
abdominal 4 ventral monoscolopidial chordotonal organ vch1
abdominal 5 anterior commissure
abdominal 5 lateral pentascolopidial chordotonal organ lch5
abdominal 5 posterior commissure
abdominal 5 ventral monoscolopidial chordotonal organ vch1
abdominal 6 anterior commissure
abdominal 6 lateral pentascolopidial chordotonal organ lch5
abdominal 6 posterior commissure
abdominal 6 ventral monoscolopidial chordotonal organ vch1
abdominal 7 anterior commissure
abdominal 7 lateral pentascolopidial chordotonal organ lch5
abdominal 7 posterior commissure
abdominal 7 ventral monoscolopidial chordotonal organ vch1
abdominal 8 anterior commissure
abdominal 8 posterior commissure
abdominal lch5 neuron | embryonic stage
abdominal neuromere
adult midgut, with Scer\GAL4Dl.PU
adult midgut, with Scer\GAL4NP5130
adult midgut | somatic clone
antenna | ectopic, with Scer\GAL4ey.PB
anterior commissure
anterior fascicle sensory neuron
Bolwig nerve
bract | somatic clone
cardioblast, with Scer\GAL4twi.PG
cardioblast | ectopic
cardioblast | ectopic | somatic clone
central nervous system
central nervous system, with Scer\GAL4rho.PL
central nervous system, with Scer\GAL4sca-537.4
cephalopharyngeal skeleton
cephalopharyngeal skeleton, with Scer\GAL4nos.PG
commissure
commissure, with Scer\GAL4rho.PL
commissure, with Scer\GAL4sca-537.4
cone cell | ectopic, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PF
denticle belt
dorsal acute muscle | precursor, with Scer\GAL4twi.PB
dorsal air sac primordium | somatic clone
dorsal appendage, with Scer\GAL455B
dorsal appendage, with Scer\GAL4c324a
dorsal appendage, with Scer\GAL4c532
dorsal appendage | maternal effect | somatic clone
dorsal branch primordium
dorsal neurohemal organ
dorsal oblique muscle | ectopic | precursor, with Scer\GAL4twi.PB
embryonic/first instar larval cuticle
embryonic/first instar larval cuticle | ventral
embryonic/larval brain | larval stage | ventral, with Scer\GAL80ts.αTub84B
embryonic/larval dorsal branch & terminal tracheal cell | somatic clone
embryonic/larval dorsal trunk
embryonic/larval ganglionic branch | embryonic stage 15
embryonic/larval glial cell
embryonic/larval oenocyte | ectopic | embryonic stage 15, with Scer\GAL4prd.PU
embryonic/larval oenocyte | embryonic stage 15
embryonic/larval oenocyte | embryonic stage 15, with Scer\GAL4prd.PU
embryonic/larval oenocyte | embryonic stage 15, with Scer\GAL4salm-459.2
embryonic/larval oenocyte | embryonic stage 15 (with pnt05484Δ33)
embryonic/larval oenocyte | embryonic stage 15 (with pntMI03880)
embryonic/larval pericardial cell
embryonic/larval trachea, with Scer\GAL4btl.PS
embryonic/larval trachea | embryonic stage
embryonic/larval tracheal system
embryonic anterior Malpighian tubule
embryonic cardioblast, with Scer\GAL4tin.CΔ4, Scer\GAL4tin.cBa
embryonic cardioblast (with Df(3R)Exel9012)
embryonic cardioblast | supernumerary
embryonic Malpighian tubule
embryonic midgut chamber 3
embryonic midgut constriction 1
embryonic ostial cardioblast, with Scer\GAL4tin.CΔ4, Scer\GAL4tin.cBa
embryonic ostial cardioblast | supernumerary
embryonic ostial cardioblast | supernumerary (with Df(3R)Exel9012)
embryonic pericardial cell
embryonic pericardial cell, with Scer\GAL4twi.PG
embryonic posterior Malpighian tubule
embryonic primordium of adult salivary gland
embryonic ventral epidermis
exit glial cell
eye
eye, with Scer\GAL4ey.PB
eye, with Scer\GAL4ey.PU
eye, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PU
eye, with Scer\GAL4hs.2sev
eye (with pnt1277)
eye (with pntΔ88)
eye | somatic clone
eye disc | somatic clone
eye photoreceptor cell
eye photoreceptor cell, with Scer\GAL4sca-T3
eye photoreceptor cell (with pnt1277)
eye photoreceptor cell (with pntΔ88)
ganglionic branch primordium
gastric caecum
genital disc primordium
germarium, with Scer\GAL4unspecified
glial cell
glial cell, with Scer\GAL4repo
heart primordium
heart primordium, with Scer\GAL4tin.CΔ4, Scer\GAL4tin.cBa
heart primordium (with Df(3R)Exel9012)
hemocyte, with Scer\GAL4He.PZ
hemocyte, with Scer\GAL4Hml.PG
interface glial cell
interface glial cell | ectopic, with Scer\GAL4sca-537.4
intestinal stem cell | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4Dl.PU
intestinal stem cell | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4NP5130
lateral trunk anterior branch
lateral trunk anterior branch | embryonic stage 15
lateral trunk posterior branch | embryonic stage 15
longitudinal connective
macrochaeta
macrochaeta | ectopic, with Scer\GAL4dpp.blk1
Malpighian tubule
melanotic mass, with Scer\GAL4He.PZ
melanotic mass, with Scer\GAL4Hml.PG
mesoderm
mesoderm, with Scer\GAL4twi.PG
midgut, with Scer\GAL4NP5130, Scer\GAL80ts.αTub84B
midline glial cell
midline glial cell, with Scer\GAL4sim.PS
mitotic cell cycle | somatic clone
morphogenetic furrow | ectopic, with Scer\GAL4dpp.blk1
motor neuron
muscle founder cell | supernumerary, with Scer\GAL41151
ommatidial precursor cluster | somatic clone
ommatidium, with Scer\GAL4hs.2sev
ommatidium, with Scer\GAL4sca-T3
ommatidium (with pnt1230)
ommatidium (with pnt1277)
ommatidium (with pntKG04968)
ommatidium (with pntT6)
ommatidium (with pntΔ88)
ommatidium | somatic clone
pericardial cell | ectopic | precursor, with Scer\GAL4twi.PB
photoreceptor
photoreceptor (with pnt1277)
photoreceptor (with pntΔ88)
photoreceptor cell R1 | somatic clone
photoreceptor cell R2 | somatic clone
photoreceptor cell R3 | somatic clone
photoreceptor cell R4 | somatic clone
photoreceptor cell R5 | somatic clone
photoreceptor cell R6 | somatic clone
photoreceptor cell R7
photoreceptor cell R7, with Scer\GAL4hs.2sev
photoreceptor cell R7 (with pnt1277)
photoreceptor cell R7 (with pntT6)
photoreceptor cell R7 (with pntΔ88)
photoreceptor cell R7 | somatic clone
photoreceptor cell R8, with Scer\GAL4sca-T3
pigment cell, with Scer\GAL4hs.2sev
posterior fascicle sensory neuron
presumptive embryonic/larval central nervous system
presumptive embryonic/larval peripheral nervous system
presumptive embryonic/larval tracheal system
presumptive embryonic/larval tracheal system (with pnt737)
presumptive embryonic/larval tracheal system (with pntΔ88)
rhabdomere R8, with Scer\GAL4sca-T3
secondary neuroblast | ectopic | larval stage, with Scer\GAL80ts.αTub84B
secondary neuroblast | ectopic | larval stage | somatic clone, with Scer\GAL4elav-C155
secondary neuroblast | larval stage
secondary neuroblast | larval stage (with pntP1-82)
secondary neuroblast | larval stage (with pntP1-90)
secondary neuroblast | larval stage (with pntΔ88)
secondary neuroblast | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4pnt-14-94
sensory neuron
spectrosome | supernumerary, with Scer\GAL4unspecified
stomatogastric nervous system
submarginal cell, with Scer\GAL471B
terminal tracheal cell
trachea
tracheal fusion cell | supernumerary
tracheal metamere | embryonic stage
type II neuroblast | larval stage
type II neuroblast | larval stage (with pntP1-82)
type II neuroblast | larval stage (with pntP1-90)
type II neuroblast | larval stage (with pntΔ88)
type II neuroblast | larval stage | somatic clone
type II neuroblast | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4pnt-14-94
ventral acute muscle 2 | precursor
ventral nerve cord
ventral nerve cord | larval stage, with Scer\GAL80ts.αTub84B
visceral mesoderm
wing
wing, with Scer\GAL471B
wing, with Scer\GAL4dpp.blk1
wing | female limited, with Scer\GAL4Bx-MS1096
wing | female limited | cold sensitive, with Scer\GAL4Bx-MS1096
wing disc
wing disc, with Scer\GAL4dpp.blk1
wing vein L4, with Scer\GAL471B
Orthologs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Orthologs
Download All OrthoDB Orthologs
Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v7.1)
Homo sapiens (Human) (19)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
Isobase
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
RoundUp
TreeFam
ZFIN
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Hsap\ETS1
12 of 15
Yes
Yes
 
Hsap\ETS2
11 of 15
No
Yes
Hsap\ETV2
4 of 15
No
Yes
Hsap\ELK1
2 of 15
No
Yes
 
Hsap\ELK3
2 of 15
No
Yes
Hsap\ELK4
2 of 15
No
Yes
Hsap\ERF
2 of 15
No
Yes
Hsap\ERG
2 of 15
No
No
Hsap\ETV3
2 of 15
No
Yes
Hsap\ETV3L
2 of 15
No
Yes
Hsap\FEV
2 of 15
No
No
Hsap\FLI1
2 of 15
No
No
Hsap\GABPA
2 of 15
No
No
Hsap\ELF1
1 of 15
No
No
Hsap\ELF2
1 of 15
No
No
Hsap\ELF4
1 of 15
No
No
Hsap\ETV1
1 of 15
No
No
 
Hsap\ETV4
1 of 15
No
No
Hsap\ETV5
1 of 15
No
No
Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v7.1)
Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (18)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
Isobase
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
RoundUp
TreeFam
ZFIN
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Mmus\Ets1
12 of 15
Yes
Yes
Mmus\Ets2
11 of 15
No
Yes
Mmus\Etv2
4 of 15
No
Yes
Mmus\Elk1
2 of 15
No
Yes
Mmus\Elk3
2 of 15
No
Yes
Mmus\Elk4
2 of 15
No
Yes
Mmus\Erf
2 of 15
No
Yes
Mmus\Erg
2 of 15
No
No
Mmus\Fev
2 of 15
No
No
Mmus\Fli1
2 of 15
No
No
Mmus\Gabpa
2 of 15
No
No
Mmus\Elf1
1 of 15
No
No
Mmus\Elf2
1 of 15
No
No
Mmus\Elf4
1 of 15
No
No
Mmus\Etv1
1 of 15
No
No
Mmus\Etv3
1 of 15
No
Yes
Mmus\Etv4
1 of 15
No
No
Mmus\Etv5
1 of 15
No
No
Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (19)
Rnor\Ets2
10 of 13
Yes
Yes
Rnor\Ets1
9 of 13
No
Yes
Rnor\Etv2
4 of 13
No
Yes
Rnor\Elk1
2 of 13
No
Yes
Rnor\Elk3
2 of 13
No
Yes
Rnor\Elk4
2 of 13
No
Yes
Rnor\Erf
2 of 13
No
Yes
Rnor\Etv3l
2 of 13
No
No
Rnor\Etv3
2 of 13
No
Yes
Rnor\Fli1
2 of 13
No
No
Rnor\Elf1
1 of 13
No
No
Rnor\Elf2
1 of 13
No
No
Rnor\Elf4
1 of 13
No
No
Rnor\Erg
1 of 13
No
No
Rnor\Etv1
1 of 13
No
No
Rnor\Etv4
1 of 13
No
No
Rnor\Etv5
1 of 13
No
No
Rnor\Fev
1 of 13
No
No
Rnor\Gabpa
1 of 13
No
No
Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (13)
Xtro\ets1
10 of 12
Yes
Yes
Xtro\ets2
6 of 12
No
Yes
Xtro\erg
2 of 12
No
No
Xtro\etv2
2 of 12
No
Yes
Xtro\etv3
2 of 12
No
Yes
Xtro\gabpa
2 of 12
No
No
Xtro\elf1
1 of 12
No
No
Xtro\elk1
1 of 12
No
Yes
Xtro\elk3
1 of 12
No
Yes
Xtro\elk4
1 of 12
No
Yes
Xtro\erf
1 of 12
No
Yes
Xtro\etv1
1 of 12
No
No
Xtro\fli1
1 of 12
No
No
Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (22)
Drer\ets2
11 of 15
Yes
Yes
Drer\etv2
5 of 15
No
Yes
Drer\ets1
3 of 15
No
Yes
Drer\elk1
2 of 15
No
Yes
Drer\elk3
2 of 15
No
Yes
Drer\elk4
2 of 15
No
Yes
Drer\erf
2 of 15
No
Yes
Drer\erfl3
2 of 15
No
Yes
Drer\erg
2 of 15
No
No
Drer\fev
2 of 15
No
No
Drer\fli1a
2 of 15
No
No
Drer\gabpa
2 of 15
No
No
Drer\elf1
1 of 15
No
No
Drer\elf2a
1 of 15
No
No
Drer\elf2b
1 of 15
No
No
Drer\erfl1
1 of 15
No
Yes
Drer\etv1
1 of 15
No
No
Drer\etv4
1 of 15
No
No
Drer\etv5a
1 of 15
No
No
Drer\etv5b
1 of 15
No
No
Drer\fli1b
1 of 15
No
No
Drer\LOC100537796
1 of 15
No
No
Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (10)
Cele\ast-1
2 of 15
Yes
No
Cele\elf-1
2 of 15
Yes
No
Cele\ets-5
2 of 15
Yes
No
Cele\ets-7
1 of 15
No
Yes
Cele\ets-8
1 of 15
No
No
Cele\ets-9
1 of 15
No
Yes
Cele\F19F10.1
1 of 15
No
Yes
Cele\fbxc-3
1 of 15
No
Yes
Cele\lin-1
1 of 15
No
Yes
Cele\svh-5
1 of 15
No
Yes
Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (2)
Atha\AT1G28590
1 of 9
Yes
Yes
Atha\AT5G03980
1 of 9
Yes
Yes
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (0)
No records found.
Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (0)
No records found.
Orthologs in Drosophila Species (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG091905I0 )
Organism
Common Name
Gene
AAA Syntenic Ortholog
Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly
Dmel\pnt
Drosophila suzukii
Spotted wing Drosophila
Dsuz\DS10_00011975
Drosophila simulans
Dsim\pnt
Drosophila sechellia
Dsec\pnt
Drosophila sechellia
Dsec\GM23574
Drosophila erecta
Dere\GG12442
Drosophila yakuba
Dyak\GE23965
Drosophila ananassae
Dana\GF18012
Drosophila pseudoobscura pseudoobscura
Dpse\GA30133
Drosophila persimilis
Dper\GL23032
Drosophila persimilis
Dper\GL23031
Drosophila willistoni
Dwil\GK12243
Drosophila virilis
Dvir\GJ22869
Drosophila mojavensis
Dmoj\GI23210
Drosophila grimshawi
Dgri\GH20735
Drosophila grimshawi
Dgri\GH20724
Orthologs in non-Drosophila Dipterans (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG091508GT )
Organism
Common Name
Gene
Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group
Musca domestica
House fly
Mdoa\17020229
Glossina morsitans
Tsetse fly
Gmor\GMOY008644
Mayetiola destructor
Hessian fly
Mdes\Mdes000597
Aedes aegypti
Yellow fever mosquito
Aaeg\AAEL003845
Anopheles darlingi
American malaria mosquito
Adar\ADAC000630
Anopheles gambiae
Malaria mosquito
Agam\AGAP004619
Culex quinquefasciatus
Southern house mosquito
Cqui\CPIJ008660
Orthologs in non-Dipteran Insects (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG090W0B5K )
Organism
Common Name
Gene
Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group
Bombyx mori
Silkmoth
Bmor\BGIBMGA004974
Danaus plexippus
Monarch butterfly
Dple\DPOGS202302-PA
Heliconius melpomene
Postman butterfly
Hmel\HMEL004734
Heliconius melpomene
Postman butterfly
Hmel\HMEL003446
Apis florea
Little honeybee
Aflo\3309360292
Apis mellifera
Western honey bee
Amel\GB52625
Bombus impatiens
Common eastern bumble bee
Bimp\BIMP12031
Bombus terrestris
Buff-tailed bumblebee
Bter\15213575
Linepithema humile
Argentine ant
Lhum\LH14880
Megachile rotundata
Alfalfa leafcutting bee
Mrot\MROTU:0030ed
Nasonia vitripennis
Parasitic wasp
Nvit\Nasvi2EG013047
Dendroctonus ponderosae
Mountain pine beetle
Dpod\YQE_05307
Tribolium castaneum
Red flour beetle
Tcas\TC034783
Pediculus humanus
Human body louse
Phum\PHUM420060
Rhodnius prolixus
Kissing bug
Rpro\RPRC011695
Cimex lectularius
Bed bug
Clec\CLEC025197
Cimex lectularius
Bed bug
Clec\CLEC025197-PB
Acyrthosiphon pisum
Pea aphid
Apim\ACYPI24155
Zootermopsis nevadensis
Nevada dampwood termite
Znev\Znev_06018
Orthologs in non-Insect Arthropods (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG090X0B32 )
Organism
Common Name
Gene
Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group
Strigamia maritima
European centipede
Smar\SMAR010394
Ixodes scapularis
Black-legged tick
Isca\ISCW015690
Stegodyphus mimosarum
African social velvet spider
Smim\KFM61698.1
Stegodyphus mimosarum
African social velvet spider
Smim\KFM72159.1
Tetranychus urticae
Two-spotted spider mite
Turt\tetur03g03340
Daphnia pulex
Water flea
Dpux\DAPPUDRAFT_46545
Daphnia pulex
Water flea
Dpux\DAPPUDRAFT_46634
Orthologs in non-Arthropod Metazoa (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG091G0HJF )
Organism
Common Name
Gene
Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group
Strongylocentrotus purpuratus
Purple sea urchin
Spur\Sp-Ets1/2
Strongylocentrotus purpuratus
Purple sea urchin
Spur\Sp-Ets1-2
Strongylocentrotus purpuratus
Purple sea urchin
Spur\SPU_004409gn
Ciona intestinalis
Vase tunicate
Cint\ets/pointed2
Gallus gallus
Domestic chicken
Ggal\ENSGALG00000026698
Gallus gallus
Domestic chicken
Ggal\ENSGALG00000001143
Gallus gallus
Domestic chicken
Ggal\ETS2
Paralogs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Paralogs
Paralogs (via DIOPT v7.1)
Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (8)
Gene Symbol
Score
Source
Compara
eggNOG
Homologene
Inparanoid
Isobase
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
orthoMCL
Panther
RoundUp
Alignment
Ets21C
5 of 10
Ets65A
4 of 10
Ets97D
4 of 10
Ets96B
3 of 10
aop
2 of 10
Eip74EF
2 of 10
edl
1 of 10
Ets98B
1 of 10
Human Disease Associations
FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports
    Disease Model Summary Ribbon
    Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations
    Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 0 )
    Human Ortholog
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 1 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Interaction
    References
    pntGD1513
    ameliorates  brain glioma
    modeled by btl::Egfrλ.UAS, Pi3K92EUAS.Tag:MYC,Tag:PM(hKRAS)
    (Read et al., 2009)
    Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v7.1 and OMIM)
    Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.
    Homo sapiens (Human)
    Gene name
    Score
    OMIM
    OMIM Phenotype
    DO term
    Complementation?
    Transgene?
    ETS1; ETS proto-oncogene 1, transcription factor
    12 of 15
    164720
         
        ETS2; ETS proto-oncogene 2, transcription factor
        11 of 15
        164740
            ETV2; ETS variant transcription factor 2
            4 of 15
            609358
                Functional Complementation Data
                Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.
                Interactions
                Summary of Physical Interactions
                esyN Network Diagram
                Show neighbor-neighbor interactions:
                Select Layout:
                Legend:
                Protein
                RNA
                Selected Interactor(s)
                Interactions Browser
                View in Interactions Browser
                Please see the Physical Interaction reports below for full details
                protein-protein
                Physical Interaction
                Assay
                References
                pnt - Abd-B
                bimolecular fluorescence complementation, fluorescence microscopy
                (Baëza et al., 2015)
                pnt - Antp
                bimolecular fluorescence complementation, fluorescence microscopy
                (Baëza et al., 2015)
                pnt - Kah
                two hybrid
                (Hu et al., 2017.6.13)
                pnt - Ptx1
                two hybrid array
                (Shokri et al., 2019)
                pnt - Scr
                bimolecular fluorescence complementation, fluorescence microscopy
                (Baëza et al., 2015)
                pnt - Ubx
                bimolecular fluorescence complementation, fluorescence microscopy
                (Baëza et al., 2015)
                pnt - abd-A
                bimolecular fluorescence complementation, fluorescence microscopy
                (Bischof et al., 2018, Baëza et al., 2015)
                pnt - ato
                pull down, western blot
                (zur Lage et al., 2004)
                pnt - croc
                two hybrid array
                (Shokri et al., 2019)
                pnt - edl
                anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot, pull down, autoradiography, surface plasmon resonance
                (Qiao et al., 2006, Tootle et al., 2003, Baker et al., 2001)
                pnt - exd
                bimolecular fluorescence complementation, fluorescence microscopy
                (Bischof et al., 2018)
                pnt - lms
                two hybrid
                (Hu et al., 2017.6.13)
                pnt - lwr
                two hybrid
                (Hu et al., 2017.6.13)
                pnt - lz
                two hybrid
                (Jackson Behan et al., 2005)
                pnt - pnr
                two hybrid array
                (Shokri et al., 2019)
                pnt - rl
                enzymatic study, autoradiography
                (Qiao et al., 2006)
                Summary of Genetic Interactions
                esyN Network Diagram
                esyN Network Key:
                Suppression
                Enhancement
                View in Interactions Browser
                Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions
                Starting gene(s)
                Interaction type
                Interacting gene(s)
                Reference
                foxo|pnt
                suppressible
                aop
                (Alic et al., 2014)
                pnt
                suppressible
                aop
                (Weber et al., 2008)
                pnt
                suppressible
                ase
                (Zhu et al., 2011)
                pnt
                suppressible
                Bap170
                (Rendina et al., 2010)
                pnt
                enhanceable
                Bap170
                (Rendina et al., 2010)
                pnt
                suppressible
                btd
                (Xie et al., 2016)
                pnt
                enhanceable
                btd
                (Xie et al., 2016)
                pnt
                enhanceable
                ed
                (Fetting et al., 2009)
                pnt
                suppressible
                ed
                (Bai et al., 2001)
                pnt
                suppressible
                Egfr
                (Wang et al., 2017)
                pnt
                suppressible
                erm
                (Xie et al., 2016)
                pnt
                enhanceable
                foi
                (Hummel et al., 1999)
                pnt
                enhanceable
                foxo
                (Alic et al., 2014)
                pnt
                suppressible
                fred
                (Fetting et al., 2009)
                pnt
                suppressible
                Jra
                (Weber et al., 2008)
                pnt
                suppressible
                pros
                (Xie et al., 2016)
                pnt
                enhanceable
                pros
                (Kauffmann et al., 1996)
                pnt
                enhanceable
                Ras85D
                (Yang and Baker, 2003)
                pnt
                enhanceable
                schmalspur
                (Hummel et al., 1999)
                pnt
                suppressible
                stg
                (Baonza et al., 2002)
                Starting gene(s)
                Interaction type
                Interacting gene(s)
                Reference
                aop
                enhanceable
                pnt
                (Rebay et al., 2000)
                aop
                suppressible
                pnt
                (Rohrbaugh et al., 2002)
                aos
                suppressible
                pnt
                (Gaengel and Mlodzik, 2003)
                B-H1
                suppressible
                pnt
                (Hayashi et al., 1998)
                Bx
                suppressible
                pnt
                (Bejarano et al., 2008)
                Bx|ap
                suppressible
                pnt
                (Bejarano et al., 2008)
                cic
                suppressible
                pnt
                (Jin et al., 2015)
                csw
                suppressible
                pnt
                (Oishi et al., 2006)
                csw
                enhanceable
                pnt
                (Firth et al., 2000)
                CycE
                suppressible
                pnt
                (Brumby et al., 2004)
                Dp|E2f1
                enhanceable
                pnt
                (Staehling-Hampton et al., 1999)
                Dsor1
                enhanceable
                pnt
                (O'Neill et al., 1994)
                edl
                suppressible
                pnt
                (Schwarz et al., 2018, Vivekanand et al., 2004)
                edl
                enhanceable
                pnt
                (Yamada et al., 2003)
                faf
                suppressible
                pnt
                (Isaksson et al., 1997)
                foi
                enhanceable
                pnt
                (Hummel et al., 1999)
                fred
                suppressible
                pnt
                (Chandra et al., 2003)
                Gug
                enhanceable
                pnt
                (Charroux et al., 2006)
                hid
                enhanceable
                pnt
                (Kurada and White, 1998)
                Jra
                enhanceable
                pnt
                (Weber et al., 2008)
                Jra
                suppressible
                pnt
                (Weber et al., 2000, Treier et al., 1995)
                ksr::tor
                enhanceable
                pnt
                (Therrien et al., 2000)
                l(2)gl
                suppressible
                pnt
                (Woodhouse et al., 2003)
                N
                enhanceable
                pnt
                (Verheyen et al., 1996)
                Pi3K92E|btl::Egfr
                suppressible
                pnt
                (Read et al., 2009)
                Pp2B-14D|CanB
                enhanceable
                pnt
                (Sullivan and Rubin, 2002)
                Raf
                enhanceable
                pnt
                (Therrien et al., 2000, O'Neill et al., 1994)
                Ras85D
                enhanceable
                pnt
                (Rebay et al., 2000)
                Ras85D
                suppressible
                pnt
                (Therrien et al., 2000, O'Neill et al., 1994)
                Ras85D|sev
                suppressible
                pnt
                (Maixner et al., 1998)
                rau
                enhanceable
                pnt
                (Sieglitz et al., 2013)
                schmalspur
                enhanceable
                pnt
                (Hummel et al., 1999)
                seq
                suppressible
                pnt
                (Araújo and Casanova, 2011)
                SH3PX1
                suppressible
                pnt
                (Zhang et al., 2019)
                spen
                enhanceable
                pnt
                (Chen and Rebay, 2000)
                External Data
                Linkouts
                BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
                DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
                InterologFinder - Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets.
                MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
                MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
                Pathways
                Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)
                Sevenless Signaling Pathway Core Components -
                The specification of the R7 photoreceptor cell in each ommatidium of the developing Drosophila eye is dependent on activation of Sevenless receptor tyrosine kinase, which acts via the canonical Ras/Raf/MAP kinase cascade to promote the expression of lz and pros. sev, expressed in presumptive R7 cells, is activated by binding to Bride of Sevenless (boss), a seven-transmembrane protein expressed in R8 cells. (Adapted from FBrf0127283 and FBrf0221727).
                Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Signaling Pathway Core Components -
                The Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) signaling pathway is used multiple times during development (FBrf0190321). It is activated by the binding of a secreted ligand to the receptor tyrosine kinase Egfr and acts via the canonical Ras/Raf/MAP kinase (ERK) cascade. (Adapted from FBrf0190321 and FBrf0221727).
                Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor Signaling Pathway Core Components -
                Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor (FGFR) signaling pathway is initiated by the binding of secreted FGFs - bnl or ths/pyr to receptor tyrosine kinases btl or htl, respectively, to initiate signaling primarily via the canonical Ras/Raf/MAP kinase (ERK) cascade. (Adapted from FBrf0221038).
                Metabolic Pathways
                External Data
                Linkouts
                KEGG Pathways - Wiring diagrams of molecular interactions, reactions and relations.
                Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.
                Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data
                Chromosome (arm)
                3R
                Recombination map

                3-78

                Cytogenetic map
                94E10-94E13
                Sequence location
                3R:23,290,231..23,346,167 [-]
                FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
                Cytogenetic map
                Evidence for location
                94E10-94E13
                Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{PZ}cnc03921 and P{PZ}l(3)0690606906
                Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
                Cytogenetic map
                Notes
                References
                94F1-94F2
                (determined by in situ hybridisation)
                (Spradling et al., 1999)
                94F-94F
                (determined by in situ hybridisation)
                (Szeged Stock Center, 1998-, Forjanic et al., 1997, Chen et al., 1992)
                94F1-94F3
                (determined by in situ hybridisation)
                (Salzberg et al., 1997)
                94F1-94F3
                (determined by in situ hybridisation) 94F (determined by in situ hybridisation)
                (Deak et al., 1997)
                64A4-64A5
                68C12--13 94F1--3
                (BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999)
                94E-94F
                (determined by in situ hybridisation)
                (Klambt, 1991)
                58A-58B
                (determined by in situ hybridisation)
                (Pribyl et al., 1988)
                Cytological location differs from that reported in FBrf0047835. It is based upon hybridisation with two independent cDNA clones.
                (Chen et al., 1992)
                Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
                Location

                3-78

                (FlyBase, 2016)

                3-80.3

                (Comeron et al., 2012)

                3-79

                (Tearle and Nusslein-Volhard, 1987)

                3-79.0

                Left of (cM)
                Right of (cM)
                (Staehling-Hampton et al., 1999)
                Notes
                Stocks and Reagents
                Stocks (50)
                Genomic Clones (29)
                cDNA Clones (82)
                 

                Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see GBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

                cDNA clones, fully sequences
                BDGP DGC clones
                Other clones
                Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

                For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

                cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
                BDGP DGC clones
                Other clones
                RNAi and Array Information
                Linkouts
                DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
                GenomeRNAi - A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents
                Antibody Information
                Laboratory Generated Antibodies
                 

                polyclonal

                (Avet-Rochex et al., 2012, Hsouna et al., 2010, Brunner et al., 1994)
                Commercially Available Antibodies
                 
                Other Information
                Relationship to Other Genes
                Source for database identify of
                Source for database merge of
                Additional comments
                Other Comments

                The pnt-P1 isoform prevents both the premature differentiation and the de-differentiation of intermediate neural progenitors in the type II neuroblast lineage.

                (Xie et al., 2016)

                pnt is required cell-autonomously along the dorsal midline to repress dorsal appendage fate.

                (Lachance et al., 2009)

                The pnt SAM domain is the docking surface for rl and this docking surface is essential for pnt-mediated enhancement of transactivation in response to Ras85D signaling.

                (Qiao et al., 2006)

                S2 cells treated with dsRNA generated against this gene show reduced phagocytosis of Candida albicans compared to untreated cells.

                (Stroschein-Stevenson et al., 2006)

                pnt activates ZAM expression in follicle cells.

                (Meignin et al., 2004)

                pnr and pntP2 act sequentially to regulate heart development.

                (Alvarez et al., 2003)

                The pnt protein isoform is an activator of stg mRNA transcription in the eye disc.

                (Baonza et al., 2002)

                Seven EMS induced alleles were identified in a screen for mutations affecting commissure formation in the CNS of the embryo.

                (Hummel et al., 1999)

                Candidate gene for quantitative trait (QTL) locus determining bristle number.

                (Nuzhdin et al., 1999)

                pnt is required for morphogenesis of the posterior midgut and is a target of abd-A.

                (Bilder et al., 1998)

                Identification: Enhancer trap expression pattern survey for loci expressed in the ring gland.

                (Harvie et al., 1998)

                ttk is required for proper glial cell development in the CNS. Phenotypes of doubly mutant ttk and pnt embryos and ectopic expression of ttk and pnt indicates the existance of two independent genetic pathways regulating glial cell development, which in the lateral glia are both downstream of gcm. One, mediated via pnt, results in the activation of glia cell differentiation, whereas the other, mediated by ttk, results in the suppression of neuronal differentiation in these cells.

                (Giesen et al., 1997)

                In the midline glial cells pntP2 has to be activated by phosphorylation, possibly through rl, to induce transcription of its target genes. aop antagonises pntP2 function in the midline glial cells. Jra and pntP2 do not cooperate during midline glia development.

                (Scholz et al., 1997, Scholz et al., 1997)

                In vivo culture of mutant discs from genotypes that are normally embryonic lethal demonstrates pnt is required for wing disc growth.

                (Simcox, 1997)

                The primary target genes of Egfr are pnt, vnd and Fas3, these are induced in different ectodermal domains. Secondary target genes oc, argos and trn are activated by pnt in response to Egfr signalling. The proper induction of these genes requires the concomitant inactivation of aop, mediated by Egfr signalling.

                (Gabay et al., 1996)

                Inactivated mutations of Ras85D enhance the P{sevhs-cswCS} phenotype.

                (Herbst et al., 1996)

                pros gene becomes transcriptionally activated at a low level in all sev-competent cells prior to sev signaling and this requires the activities of Ras85D and two ETS transcription factors, aop and pnt.

                (Kauffmann et al., 1996)

                pnt is required in dorsal follicle cells for patterning of the cell layer into either appendage-producing or midline cells. Loss of pnt results in the loss of midline cells and an excess of appendage-forming cells, a phenotype associated with overactivation of the EGF receptor pathway in the dorsal region. Overexpression of pnt leads to a phenotype similar to that generated by loss of the EGF receptor pathway. Data indicates a novel antagonistic function for pnt in oogenesis: in response to activation of the EGF receptor pnt is expressed and negatively regulates the EGF receptor pathway, possibly by integrating information from a second pathway.

                (Morimoto et al., 1996)

                The pnt transcription factor is required for secondary branching and also to activate expression of terminal branch markers.

                (Samakovlis et al., 1996)

                Jra cooperates with the ETS domain pnt gene product to act on common target genes which induce photoreceptor R7 fate in the developing eye. phyl might be one of the target genes.

                (Treier et al., 1995)

                MAP kinase activity, encoded by the rl locus, induces neuronal differentiation by simultaneously inhibiting the aop repressor and stimulating the pnt activator.

                (Brunner et al., 1994)

                pnt is required for neuronal glial cell interactions: loss of function mutations lead to a change in the migration behavior of the midline glial cells.

                (Klambt, 1993)

                Two different and distinct trans-acting DNA domains control the pnt P2 promoter activity, one is an activator, the other a repressor. Enhancers directing tissue specific pnt P2 expression are located 3' to the first P2 exon within intronic sequences. Heteroallelic complementation reveals that the pnt gene product is required during eye, wing and haltere development.

                (Scholz et al., 1993)

                The pnt gene product is involved in the specification of the glial-neuronal interactions. The pnt locus has a complex organisation, it encodes two putative ETS-like transcription factors that are expressed in different non-overlapping sets of glial cells in the CNS.

                (Scholz et al., 1993)

                pnt has been cloned, sequenced and its RNA expression pattern characterised.

                (Chen et al., 1992)

                pnt gene product is required for the proper development of the ventralmost cuticle and the CNS midline.

                (Panzer et al., 1992)

                Zygotically active locus involved in the terminal developmental program in the embryo.

                (Strecker et al., 1991)

                rho, pnt, S and spi all function in the formation of the same chordotonal organs.

                (Bier et al., 1990)

                pnt mutants display a pointed head skeleton and deletion of the medial portion in all denticle belts.

                (Jurgens et al., 1984)
                Origin and Etymology
                Discoverer
                Etymology
                Identification
                External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 94 )
                Sequence Crossreferences
                NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.
                GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.
                GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.
                RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.
                UniProt/Swiss-Prot - Manually annotated and reviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
                Other crossreferences
                BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
                Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones
                Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
                Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
                GenomeRNAi - A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents
                iBeetle-Base - RNAi phenotypes in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)
                InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
                KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.
                modMine - A data warehouse for the modENCODE project
                SignaLink - A signaling pathway resource with multi-layered regulatory networks.
                Linkouts
                BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
                DPiM - Drosophila Protein interaction map
                DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
                DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
                FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies
                FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
                FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel
                FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics
                Interactive Fly - A cyberspace guide to Drosophila development and metazoan evolution
                InterologFinder - Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets.
                KEGG Pathways - Wiring diagrams of molecular interactions, reactions and relations.
                MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
                MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
                Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.
                Synonyms and Secondary IDs (57)
                Reported As
                Symbol Synonym
                0123/09
                (Deak et al., 1997)
                0608/07
                (Deak et al., 1997)
                0998/12
                (Deak et al., 1997)
                3520
                (Harvie et al., 1998)
                CG17077
                (Fukuoh et al., 2014, Schertel et al., 2013, Ni et al., 2011.7.19, Baltzer et al., 2009, Keleman et al., 2009.8.5, Perkins et al., 2009, Grieder et al., 2007, Molnar et al., 2006, Norga et al., 2003, Whitfield, 2000.11.3)
                D-Ets-2
                (Chen et al., 1992)
                D-ets-2
                (Kumar and Moses, 2000, Chen, 1993.1.9, Pribyl et al., 1991, Pribyl et al., 1988)
                DMPOINT1A
                (Kennington et al., 2006, Colson and Goldstein, 1999)
                E(E2F)3D
                (Staehling-Hampton et al., 1999)
                EC3-2
                (Baril et al., 2014)
                EK3-2
                (Therrien et al., 2000)
                ETS2
                (Wasylyk et al., 1993)
                EY3-1
                (Rebay et al., 2000)
                Ets
                (Aboukhalil and Bulyk, 2012)
                Ets1/2
                (Billmann et al., 2018)
                Ets2
                Ets58AB
                Ets94F
                PNT
                (Pyrowolakis et al., 2017, Baker and Firth, 2011)
                PNT-P1
                (Carthew, 2006)
                PNTP1
                (Yamada et al., 2003)
                PNTP2
                (Tootle and Rebay, 2005, Yamada et al., 2003)
                POINT
                (Colson and Goldstein, 1999)
                Pnt
                (Ramon-Cañellas et al., 2019, Liu et al., 2017, Pascual et al., 2017, Jiang et al., 2016, Mbodj et al., 2016, Baëza et al., 2015, Bieli et al., 2015, Li et al., 2015, Peláez et al., 2015, Alic et al., 2014, Erceg et al., 2014, Kerr et al., 2014, Makki et al., 2014, Zaytseva et al., 2014, Malmendal et al., 2013, Mbodj et al., 2013, Paul et al., 2013, Sopko and Perrimon, 2013, Peng et al., 2012, Xiao et al., 2012, Zoller and Schulz, 2012, Kawamori et al., 2011, Ragab et al., 2011, Zhang et al., 2011, Graham et al., 2010, Roignant and Treisman, 2010, Leatherbarrow and Halfon, 2009, Papatsenko et al., 2009, Graham et al., 2008, Hsouna and Hsu, 2008, Tian and Deng, 2008, Bernardi et al., 2007, Mason et al., 2006, Philippakis et al., 2006)
                Pnt-P1
                (Li et al., 2009)
                Pnt2
                (Ren et al., 2013)
                PntP1
                (Jörg et al., 2019, Janssens et al., 2017, Koe et al., 2014, Manansala et al., 2013, Pérez-Gómez et al., 2013, Read, 2011, Graham et al., 2010, Yasugi et al., 2010, Read et al., 2009, Roignant et al., 2006)
                PntP2
                (Bischof et al., 2018, Mora et al., 2013, Vivekanand and Rebay, 2012, Graham et al., 2010, Rogers and Barolo, 2006, Voas and Rebay, 2004)
                Pointed
                (Lusk et al., 2017)
                Pointed-P1
                (Li and Carthew, 2005)
                ets94F
                l(3)07825
                l(3)j1B7
                l(3)s118306
                (Provost et al., 2006)
                png
                (Lee et al., 1999)
                pnt
                (Balaji et al., 2019, Chai et al., 2019, Chen and Read, 2019, Kockel et al., 2019, Mazaud et al., 2019, Shokri et al., 2019, Umer et al., 2019, Wittes and Schüpbach, 2019, Zhang et al., 2019, Zhou et al., 2019, Bischof et al., 2018, Boisclair Lachance et al., 2018, Davie et al., 2018, Du et al., 2018, Duncan et al., 2018, Powers and Srivastava, 2018, Reichardt et al., 2018, Schwarz et al., 2018, Webber et al., 2018, Bhattacharya et al., 2017, Fochler et al., 2017, Forés et al., 2017, Hu et al., 2017.6.13, Janssens et al., 2017, Liu et al., 2017, Osterfield et al., 2017, Revaitis et al., 2017, Rohde et al., 2017, Suisse et al., 2017, Transgenic RNAi Project members, 2017-, Wang et al., 2017, Altenhein et al., 2016, Carbone et al., 2016, Clandinin and Owens, 2016-, Jin et al., 2016, Kalay et al., 2016, Malartre, 2016, Sandler and Stathopoulos, 2016, Testa and Dworkin, 2016, Xie et al., 2016, Zhang et al., 2016, Garlapow et al., 2015, Gene Disruption Project members, 2015-, Jin et al., 2015, Matsuda et al., 2015, Schertel et al., 2015, Slack et al., 2015, Xia et al., 2015, Ashwal-Fluss et al., 2014, Baril et al., 2014, Boisclair Lachance et al., 2014, Fauré et al., 2014, Huang et al., 2014, Komori et al., 2014, Tchankouo-Nguetcheu et al., 2014, Carter, 2013, Caviglia and Luschnig, 2013, Cheung et al., 2013, Curtis et al., 2013, de Celis et al., 2013.9.11, Paul et al., 2013, Riebli et al., 2013, Schertel et al., 2013, Sen et al., 2013, Shwartz et al., 2013, Slattery et al., 2013, Terriente-Felix et al., 2013, Tian et al., 2013, Webber et al., 2013, Webber et al., 2013, Zhou and Luo, 2013, Avet-Rochex et al., 2012, Butchar et al., 2012, Herranz et al., 2012, Herz et al., 2012, Jones et al., 2012, Mackay et al., 2012, Manning et al., 2012, Mou et al., 2012, Nawaz et al., 2012, Simakov et al., 2012, Spokony, 2012.12.12, Technau et al., 2012, Tie et al., 2012, Verma et al., 2012, Weber et al., 2012, Weng et al., 2012, Araújo and Casanova, 2011, Bantignies et al., 2011, Cherbas et al., 2011, Dworkin et al., 2011, Fulkerson and Estes, 2011, Ghabrial et al., 2011, Hwang and Rulifson, 2011, Mirkovic et al., 2011, Moses et al., 2011, Sun et al., 2011, Wertheim et al., 2011, Zhang et al., 2011, Zhu et al., 2011, Aerts et al., 2010, Becalska and Gavis, 2010, Chanut-Delalande et al., 2010, Hsouna et al., 2010, Jiang et al., 2010, Kerman and Andrew, 2010, Liu et al., 2010, Morozova et al., 2010, Rendina et al., 2010, Salzer et al., 2010, Sonnenfeld et al., 2010, Zhan et al., 2010, Baker et al., 2009, Baltzer et al., 2009, Debat et al., 2009, Fetting et al., 2009, Flaherty et al., 2009, Franzdóttir et al., 2009, Huh et al., 2009, Krejcí et al., 2009, Lachance et al., 2009, Lembong et al., 2009, Liu et al., 2009, Mortimer and Moberg, 2009, Read et al., 2009, Shen et al., 2009, Song et al., 2009, Southall and Brand, 2009, Tsubouchi et al., 2009, Zartman et al., 2009, Berger et al., 2008, Kwon et al., 2008, McNeill et al., 2008, Turner et al., 2008, Weber et al., 2008, Yu et al., 2008, Zartman et al., 2008, Zhao et al., 2008, Aerts et al., 2007, de Navascués and Modolell, 2007, Devergne et al., 2007, Firth and Baker, 2007, Geng and MacDonald, 2007, Grieder et al., 2007, Jakobsen et al., 2007, Junion et al., 2007, Kankel et al., 2007, Kim et al., 2007, Lindner et al., 2007, Maeda et al., 2007, Meignin et al., 2007, Minidorff et al., 2007, Minidorff et al., 2007, Nishimura et al., 2007, Polesello and Tapon, 2007, Sandmann et al., 2007, Sprecher et al., 2007, Sukhanova et al., 2007, Tseng et al., 2007, Zeitlinger et al., 2007, Zeitlinger et al., 2007, Brown et al., 2006, Carmena et al., 2006, Charroux et al., 2006, Dworkin and Gibson, 2006, Dworkin and Gibson., 2006, Estrada et al., 2006, Ghabrial and Krasnow, 2006, Liu et al., 2006, Mirkovic and Mlodzik, 2006, Molnar et al., 2006, Oishi et al., 2006, Paul et al., 2006, Sandmann et al., 2006, Sellin et al., 2006, Stroschein-Stevenson et al., 2006, Apitz et al., 2005, Cabernard and Affolter, 2005, Dutta et al., 2005, Firth and Baker, 2005, Galindo et al., 2005, Liebl and Featherstone, 2005, Macdonald and Long, 2005, Melen et al., 2005, Stathopoulos and Levine, 2005, Brodu et al., 2004, Meignin et al., 2004, Rawlings et al., 2004, Wang et al., 2004, zur Lage et al., 2004, Chang et al., 2003, Lavenburg et al., 2003, Chang et al., 2001, Pickeral et al., 2000)
                pnt-P1
                (Kim et al., 2006)
                pnt-P2
                (Qiao et al., 2006)
                pnt.P1
                (Mendoza-García et al., 2017)
                pntP2
                (Kaul and Bateman, 2007, Galindo et al., 2005)
                pntegfr
                (Fuchs et al., 2012)
                pointed
                (Jin et al., 2016, Zhang et al., 2011, Halfon and Leatherbarrow, 2007)
                pointed-RC
                (Bianchi-Frias et al., 2004)
                ptd
                (Dobens and Raftery, 2000)
                Name Synonyms
                Ets at 58AB
                Ets protein Pointed P2
                (Kockel et al., 2001)
                Point2
                (Ren et al., 2013)
                Pointed
                (Ahmad, 2017, Castillo et al., 2015, Paul et al., 2013, Fuchs et al., 2012, Herranz et al., 2012, Lau et al., 2012, Technau et al., 2012, Fulkerson and Estes, 2011, Zhang et al., 2011, Aerts et al., 2010, Buchon et al., 2010, Figeac et al., 2010, Graham et al., 2010, Jiang et al., 2010, Baltzer et al., 2009, Buchon et al., 2009, Graham et al., 2008, Hsouna and Hsu, 2008, Weber et al., 2008, Bernardi et al., 2007, Jemc and Rebay, 2007, Letizia et al., 2007, Sukhanova et al., 2007, Yoneda et al., 2007, Yuasa and Hiromi, 2007, Brown et al., 2006, Cela and Llimargas, 2006, Philippakis et al., 2006, Rogers et al., 2005)
                Pointed P1
                (Jörg et al., 2019)
                Pointed-P2
                (Mora et al., 2013)
                Pointed2
                (Meignin et al., 2004)
                PointedP2
                (Hahn et al., 2013, Bernardi et al., 2007)
                no terminal cell clones-R
                (Ghabrial et al., 2011)
                pnt
                (Yu et al., 2008)
                pointed
                (O'Hanlon et al., 2018, Yang et al., 2018, Osterfield et al., 2017, Malartre, 2016, Rainey et al., 2016, Shimaji et al., 2016, Wieschaus and Nüsslein-Volhard, 2016, Matsuda et al., 2015, Huang et al., 2014, Koe et al., 2014, Riebli et al., 2013, Slattery et al., 2013, Tian et al., 2013, Aboukhalil and Bulyk, 2012, Jones et al., 2012, Ghabrial et al., 2011, Moses et al., 2011, Singer and Gall, 2011, Wertheim et al., 2011, Becalska and Gavis, 2010, Hsouna et al., 2010, Liu et al., 2010, Morozova et al., 2010, Salzer et al., 2010, Sonnenfeld et al., 2010, Baltzer et al., 2009, Franzdóttir et al., 2009, Hurlbut et al., 2009, Krejcí et al., 2009, Read et al., 2009, Shen et al., 2009, Bejarano et al., 2008, Turner et al., 2008, Zhao et al., 2008, Devergne et al., 2007, Firth and Baker, 2007, Kankel et al., 2007, Kaplow et al., 2007, Lindner et al., 2007, Maeda et al., 2007, Meignin et al., 2007, Polesello and Tapon, 2007, Roignant et al., 2007, Carmena et al., 2006, Dworkin and Gibson, 2006, Oishi et al., 2006, Sambandan et al., 2006, Urban, 2006, Firth and Baker, 2005, Mok et al., 2005, Baker, 2004, Brodu et al., 2004, Jafar-Nejad and Bellen, 2004, Rawlings et al., 2004, Chang et al., 2001, Lee et al., 1999)
                pointed P1
                (Loewen et al., 2018)
                pointed P2
                (Paul et al., 2006)
                pointed-P1
                (Kim et al., 2006, Colson, 1998.5.26, Klämbt, 1992.11.2)
                pointed-P2
                (Klämbt, 1992.11.2)
                pointedP2
                (Kaul and Bateman, 2007, Galindo et al., 2005, Skeath et al., 2003)
                Secondary FlyBase IDs
                • FBgn0004060
                • FBgn0005657
                • FBgn0010925
                • FBgn0011309
                Datasets (0)
                Study focus (0)
                Experimental Role
                Project
                Project Type
                Title
                References (680)