FlyBase Gene Report: Dmel\Pp1α-96A

General Information

Symbol

Dmel\Pp1α-96A

Species

D. melanogaster

Name

Protein phosphatase 1α at 96A

Annotation Symbol

CG6593

Feature Type

protein_coding_gene

FlyBase ID

FBgn0003134

Gene Model Status

Current

Stock Availability

19 publicly available

Enzyme Name (EC)

protein-serine/threonine phosphatase (3.1.3.16)

Gene Summary

Protein phosphatase 1α at 96A (Pp1α-96A) encodes a phosphatase involved in the regulation of Hedgehog and Wnt signaling pathways. [Date last reviewed: 2019-09-12] (FlyBase Gene Snapshot)

All Summaries

Gene Snapshot
Alliance
Auto summary
Pathway
Gene Group
Red Book
Interactive Fly

Also Known As

PP1α96A, Pp1-96A, PP1, PP1 96A, PP1c

Key Links

Genomic Location

Cytogenetic map

96A5-96A5

Sequence location

3R:24,518,270..24,522,331 [+]

Recombination map

3-85

RefSeq locus

NT_033777 REGION:24518270..24522331

Sequence

Get Decorated FASTA

Genomic Maps

JBrowse

Other Genome Views

The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.

Function

Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (12 terms)

Molecular Function (2 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (0 terms)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

enables hydrolase activity

inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR004843, InterPro:IPR006186

(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)

enables protein serine/threonine phosphatase activity

inferred from sequence model

(Dombradi et al., 1989)

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000185233

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

Biological Process (7 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (5 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

involved_in defense response to Gram-negative bacterium

inferred from high throughput mutant phenotype

(Cronin et al., 2009)

involved_in negative regulation of BMP signaling pathway

inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:Pp1-13C; FB:FBgn0003132,FLYBASE:Pp1α-96A; FB:FBgn0003134,FLYBASE:put; FB:FBgn0003169,FLYBASE:Pp1-87B; FB:FBgn0004103

(Bennett et al., 2003)

involved_in negative regulation of smoothened signaling pathway

inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:NiPp1; FB:FBgn0026402

(Su et al., 2011)

involved_in positive regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway

inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:flw; FB:FBgn0000711,FLYBASE:Pp1-87B; FB:FBgn0004103

(Luo et al., 2007)

involved_in positive regulation of innate immune response

inferred from high throughput mutant phenotype

(Cronin et al., 2009)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

involved_in regulation of glycogen biosynthetic process

inferred from sequence or structural similarity with UniProtKB:P62138

(Gene Ontology Curators, 2002-)

involved_in regulation of glycogen catabolic process

inferred from sequence or structural similarity with UniProtKB:P62138

(Gene Ontology Curators, 2002-)

Cellular Component (3 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (2 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

located_in cytoplasm

inferred from high throughput direct assay

(Sarov et al., 2016)

part_of protein phosphatase type 1 complex

inferred from direct assay

(Kerekes et al., 2014)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

is_active_in cytoplasm

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000185233

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

is_active_in nucleus

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000185231

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

Gene Group (FlyBase)

PPP FAMILY PROTEIN SERINE/THREONINE PHOSPHATASES

PTW-PP1 COMPLEX PP1ALPHA-96A VARIANT

Pathway (FlyBase)

POSITIVE REGULATORS OF WNT-TCF SIGNALING PATHWAY

NEGATIVE REGULATORS OF HEDGEHOG SIGNALING PATHWAY

NEGATIVE REGULATORS OF BMP SIGNALING PATHWAY

Protein Family (UniProt)

Belongs to the PPP phosphatase family. PP-1 subfamily. (P48461)

Protein Signatures (InterPro)

Catalytic Activity (EC/Rhea)

protein serine/threonine phosphatase activity

(1) O-phospho-L-seryl-[protein] + H2O = L-seryl-[protein] + phosphate (3.1.3.16)

(2) O-phospho-L-threonyl-[protein] + H2O = L-threonyl-[protein] + phosphate (3.1.3.16)

Summaries

Gene Snapshot

Protein phosphatase 1α at 96A (Pp1α-96A) encodes a phosphatase involved in the regulation of Hedgehog and Wnt signaling pathways. [Date last reviewed: 2019-09-12]

Gene Group (FlyBase)

PPP FAMILY PROTEIN SERINE/THREONINE PHOSPHATASES -: The Phosphoprotein Phosphatase (PPP) family members are serine/threonine phosphatases. They often function in association with regulatory subunits. (Adapted from PMID:11230548 and PMID:19879837).
PTW-PP1 COMPLEX PP1ALPHA-96A VARIANT -: A nuclear protein serine/threonine phosphatase complex that regulates gene expression. The core of the complex is formed by a protein phosphatase 1 catalytic subunit and the scaffolding/nuclear-targeting subunit PNUTS. (Adapted from FBrf0262508 and PMID:20516061.)

Pathway (FlyBase)

POSITIVE REGULATORS OF WNT-TCF SIGNALING PATHWAY -: Positive regulators of Wnt-TCF (canonical Wnt) signaling up-regulate the pathway, resulting in the enhancement of transcriptional regulation mediated by β-catenin (arm).
NEGATIVE REGULATORS OF HEDGEHOG SIGNALING PATHWAY -: Negative regulators of hedgehog signaling down-regulate the pathway, resulting in the repression of transcription of hh-responsive genes.
NEGATIVE REGULATORS OF BMP SIGNALING PATHWAY -: Negative regulators of Bone Morphogenetic Protein (BMP) signaling down-regulate the pathway, ultimately resulting in the decreased nuclear activity of the Mad/Med transcription factor complex.

Phenotypic Description (Red Book; Lindsley and Zimm 1992)

Pp1: Protein phosphatase 1

Encodes a protein phosphatase 1 catalytic subunit that shows a high degree of similarity to rabbit protein phosphatase 1α in its enzymatic and physiochemical characteristics and has a predicted protein sequence that is 92% identical to that of rabbit PP-1α.

Gene Model and Products

Number of Transcripts

Number of Unique Polypeptides

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\Pp1α-96A for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)

Isoform displayed:

Pfam protein domains

InterPro name

classification

start

end

Protein Domains (via SMART)

Isoform displayed:

SMART protein domains

InterPro name

classification

start

end

Structure

Protein 3D structure (Predicted by AlphaFold) (AlphaFold entry P48461)

If you don't see a structure in the viewer, refresh your browser.

Model Confidence:

Very high (pLDDT > 90)
Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Experimentally Determined Structures

Crossreferences

Comments on Gene Model

Gene model reviewed during 5.47

Tissue-specific extension of 3' UTRs observed during later stages (FBrf0218523, FBrf0219848); all variants may not be annotated

Transcript Data

Annotated Transcripts

Name

FlyBase ID

RefSeq ID

Length (nt)

Assoc. CDS (aa)

Pp1α-96A-RA

FBtr0084642

NM_079760

2221

327

Pp1α-96A-RB

FBtr0334334

NM_001275990

3210

327

Additional Transcript Data and Comments

Reported size (kB)

2.3 (northern blot)

(Dombradi et al., 1990)

Comments

External Data

Crossreferences

Polypeptide Data

Annotated Polypeptides

Name

FlyBase ID

Predicted MW (kDa)

Length (aa)

Theoretical pI

UniProt

RefSeq ID

GenBank

Pp1α-96A-PA

FBpp0084026

37.4

327

6.64

FBpp0306442

37.4

327

6.64

P48461

NP_001262919

AGB96299

Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

The group(s) of polypeptides indicated below share identical sequence to each other.

327 aa isoforms: Pp1α-96A-PA, Pp1α-96A-PB

Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments

Reported size (kDa)

327 (aa); 37.3 (kD predicted)

(Dombradi et al., 1990)

Comments

External Data

Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)

Interacts with Nop17l.

(UniProt, P48461)

Crossreferences

InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites

Linkouts

Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model

Nucleotide / Polypeptide Records

UniProt

Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\Pp1α-96A using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data

Crossreferences

Linkouts

Expression Data

Testis-specificity index

The testis specificity index was calculated from modENCODE tissue expression data by Vedelek et al., 2018 to indicate the degree of testis enrichment compared to other tissues. Scores range from -2.52 (underrepresented) to 5.2 (very high testis bias).

-1.27

Transcript Expression

in situ

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

embryonic stage 1 -- 3

organism | ubiquitous

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic stage 4 -- 6

organism | ubiquitous

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic stage 7 -- 8

organism | ubiquitous

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic stage 9 -- 10

organism | ubiquitous

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic stage 11 -- 12

organism | ubiquitous

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic stage 13 -- 16

organism | ubiquitous

(Fisher et al., 2012)

northern blot

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

embryonic stage

(Dombradi et al., 1990)

adult stage

(Dombradi et al., 1990)

Additional Descriptive Data

Marker for

Subcellular Localization

CV Term

Polypeptide Expression

mass spectroscopy

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

adult stage

adult head

• membrane

(Aradska et al., 2015)

Additional Descriptive Data

Marker for

Subcellular Localization

CV Term

Evidence

References

located_in cytoplasm

inferred from high throughput direct assay

(Sarov et al., 2016)

part_of protein phosphatase type 1 complex

inferred from direct assay

(Kerekes et al., 2014)

Expression Deduced from Reporters

High-Throughput Expression Data

Associated Tools

JBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\Pp1α-96A in JBrowse

RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region

View exonic expression by developmental stage for Dmel\Pp1α-96A

View exonic expression by tissue for Dmel\Pp1α-96A

Bulk Downloads

RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes

Reference

See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.

Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle

Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis

External Data and Images

Linkouts

BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis

FBgn0003134

DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species

42922/tissue=All

EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species

FBgn0003134

FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array

FBgn0003134

FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data

FBgn0003134

Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns

CG6593

Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut

FBgn0003134

Images

FlyBase Wiki

Image Based Resources

Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations

Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 7 )

For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show

Other relevant insertions

Transgenic Constructs ( 11 )

For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show

Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of Pp1α-96A

Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of Pp1α-96A

Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 2 )

Inferred from experimentation ( 2 )

Gene disrupted in

Df(3R)Exel7357

(Ryder, 2004.4.26)

Df(3R)Exel8178

(Ryder, 2004.4.26)

Inferred from location ( 7 )

Variants

Variant Molecular Consequences

Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants

Phenotypes

For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.

Lethality

Allele

lethal, with Scer\GAL4^pnr-MD237

Pp1α-96A^GD11970

lethal - all die during P-stage, with Scer\GAL4^Mef2.PR

Pp1α-96A^GD11970

partially lethal, with Dcr-2^UAS.cDa, Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu

Pp1α-96A^GD11970

viable

viable, with Scer\GAL4^NP5130

Pp1α-96A^GD11970

viable, with Scer\GAL4^tin.CΔ4

Pp1α-96A^GD11970

viable (with Df(3R)crb87-5)

Pp1α-96A^GS11179

Sterility

Allele

female semi-sterile, with Scer\GAL4^{VP16.mat.αTub67C}

Pp1α-96A^HMS02154

fertile

Other Phenotypes

Allele

abnormal immune response | conditional, with Scer\GAL4^hs.PB

Pp1α-96A^GD11970

abnormal immune response | conditional, with Scer\GAL4^NP0001

Pp1α-96A^GD11970

abnormal immune response | conditional, with Scer\GAL4^NP5130

Pp1α-96A^GD11970

Phenotype manifest in

Allele

enterocyte, with Scer\GAL4^NP0001

Pp1α-96A^GD11970

Orthologs

Downloads

Download All DIOPT Orthologs

Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)

Species\Gene Symbol

Score

Best Score

Best Reverse Score

Source

Alignment

Complementation?

Transgene?

Homo sapiens (Human) (15)

Hsap\PPP1CC

13 of 14

Yes

12 of 14

7 of 14

4 of 14

4 of 14

4 of 14

4 of 14

3 of 14

3 of 14

3 of 14

3 of 14

3 of 14

2 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)

Species\Gene Symbol

Score

Best Score

Best Reverse Score

Source

Alignment

Complementation?

Transgene?

Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (14)

Rnor\Ppp1ca

12 of 14

Yes

Rnor\Ppp1cc

12 of 14

Yes

7 of 14

4 of 14

4 of 14

4 of 14

4 of 14

3 of 14

3 of 14

3 of 14

3 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (14)

Mmus\Ppp1ca

12 of 14

Yes

Mmus\Ppp1cc

11 of 14

Yes

7 of 14

4 of 14

4 of 14

4 of 14

4 of 14

3 of 14

3 of 14

3 of 14

3 of 14

3 of 14

2 of 14

Yes

Mmus\Ppp5c

2 of 14

Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (16)

Xtro\ppp1cc

11 of 13

Yes

5 of 13

3 of 13

3 of 13

2 of 13

2 of 13

2 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

Yes

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (18)

Drer\ppp1caa

13 of 14

Yes

Drer\ppp1cab

13 of 14

Yes

12 of 14

7 of 14

4 of 14

4 of 14

4 of 14

4 of 14

4 of 14

4 of 14

3 of 14

3 of 14

3 of 14

3 of 14

3 of 14

3 of 14

2 of 14

1 of 14

Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (48)

Cele\gsp-2

12 of 14

Yes

6 of 14

6 of 14

6 of 14

6 of 14

6 of 14

Yes

Cele\F58G1.3

6 of 14

Cele\gsp-1

6 of 14

Cele\pph-1

6 of 14

Yes

Cele\ZK938.1

6 of 14

Cele\C09H5.7

5 of 14

Yes

Cele\C23G10.1

5 of 14

Cele\C34D4.2

5 of 14

Yes

Cele\F22D6.9

5 of 14

Cele\F23B12.1

5 of 14

Cele\gsp-3

5 of 14

Yes

Cele\gsp-4

5 of 14

Yes

Cele\T16G12.7

5 of 14

Yes

5 of 14

5 of 14

5 of 14

5 of 14

4 of 14

4 of 14

4 of 14

4 of 14

4 of 14

4 of 14

4 of 14

4 of 14

4 of 14

4 of 14

4 of 14

3 of 14

3 of 14

Yes

3 of 14

3 of 14

3 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

Yes

Cele\F40E3.5

2 of 14

Yes

2 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Yes

Anopheles gambiae (African malaria mosquito) (9)

Agam\AgaP_AGAP011166

12 of 12

Yes

5 of 12

5 of 12

5 of 12

4 of 12

3 of 12

3 of 12

2 of 12

1 of 12

Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (36)

Atha\TOPP3

12 of 13

Yes

Atha\TOPP4

12 of 13

Yes

Atha\TOPP1

10 of 13

Yes

Atha\TOPP2

10 of 13

Yes

Atha\TOPP7

10 of 13

Atha\TOPP5

9 of 13

Yes

Atha\TOPP6

7 of 13

Yes

Atha\TOPP8

6 of 13

Yes

Atha\TOPP9

6 of 13

Yes

4 of 13

4 of 13

4 of 13

4 of 13

4 of 13

4 of 13

4 of 13

4 of 13

3 of 13

Yes

Atha\BSL2

3 of 13

Yes

Atha\BSL3

3 of 13

Yes

Atha\BSU1

3 of 13

Yes

Atha\PP2A

3 of 13

Atha\PP7

3 of 13

Yes

2 of 13

2 of 13

2 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

Yes

Atha\AT3G09970

1 of 13

Yes

Atha\SGT1A

1 of 13

Atha\SGT1B

1 of 13

Atha\SLP1

1 of 13

Yes

Atha\SLP2

1 of 13

Yes

Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (13)

Scer\GLC7

12 of 13

Yes

4 of 13

4 of 13

4 of 13

4 of 13

4 of 13

4 of 13

4 of 13

4 of 13

3 of 13

3 of 13

2 of 13

1 of 13

Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (11)

Spom\dis2

11 of 12

Yes

Spom\sds21

9 of 12

Yes

4 of 12

4 of 12

4 of 12

4 of 12

Yes

3 of 12

3 of 12

3 of 12

2 of 12

1 of 12

Yes

Escherichia coli (enterobacterium) (3)

Ecol\apaH

2 of 11

Yes

Ecol\pphA

2 of 11

Yes

Ecol\pphB

2 of 11

Yes

Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)

Data provided directly from OrthoDB:Pp1α-96A. Refer to their site for version information.

Paralogs

Downloads

Download All DIOPT Paralogs

Paralogs (via DIOPT v9.1)

Gene Symbol

Score

Source

Alignment

Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (19)

Pp1-13C

12 of 13

Pp1-87B

12 of 13

flw

11 of 13

7 of 13

6 of 13

6 of 13

6 of 13

6 of 13

mts

5 of 13

Pp1-Y1

5 of 13

Pp4-19C

5 of 13

CG11597

4 of 13

PpV

4 of 13

3 of 13

3 of 13

3 of 13

3 of 13

3 of 13

Hcf

1 of 13

Human Disease Associations

FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports

Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations

Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Allele

Disease

Evidence

References

Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 0 )

Human Ortholog

Disease

Evidence

References

Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 1 )

Allele

Disease

Interaction

References

Pp1α-96A^HMS02477

ameliorates Huntington's disease

modeled by Hsap\HTT^{Q97.ex1.UAS.mCherry}