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Gene Dmel\pr

General Information
Symbol	Dmel\pr	Species	D. melanogaster
Name	purple	Annotation symbol	CG16784
Feature type	protein_coding_gene	FlyBase ID	FBgn0003141
Gene Model Status	Current	Stock availability	672 publicly available
Also Known As	38B.9
Genomic Location
Chromosome (arm)	2L	Recombination map	2-54.5
Cytogenetic map	38B3-38B3	Sequence location	2L:20,073,719..20,075,467 [-]
Genomic Maps Select View:Gene Models/EvidenceExpression/RegulationMegaViewGene Disruptions, Stocks and Reagents Beta	Decorated FastA GenBankGFF Gene region Extended Gene region CDSIntronsExonsTranslationsTranscripts3' UTR5' UTR
Summary Information
Automatically generated summary See sections below for more information	The gene purple is referred to in FlyBase by the symbol Dmel\pr (CG16784, FBgn0003141). It is a protein_coding_gene from Drosophila melanogaster. Based on sequence similarity, it is predicted to have molecular function: 6-pyruvoyltetrahydropterin synthase activity. There is experimental evidence that it is involved in the biological process: pteridine biosynthetic process. 20 alleles are reported. The phenotype of these alleles is annotated with: pigment cell. It has one annotated transcript and one annotated polypeptide. Protein features are: 6-pyruvoyl tetrahydropterin synthase, cysteine active site; 6-pyruvoyl tetrahydropterin synthase, histidine active site; 6-pyruvoyl tetrahydropterin synthase/QueD family protein. Summary of modENCODE Temporal Expression Profile: Temporal profile ranges from a peak of high expression to a trough of moderate expression. Peak expression observed within 00-06 hour embryonic stages, during late larval stages. Summary of FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data: Nearly all larval and adult organs/tissues expressed at moderate or high levels. Expression at high levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult head, adult eye, larval fat body, adult spermathecae, adult male accessory gland. Expression at moderate levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: larval/adult central nervous system, adult crop, larval/adult midgut, larval/adult hindgut, larval/adult Malpighian tubules, adult heart, adult fat body, larval/adult salivary gland, larval trachea, adult ovary, larval/adult carcass. Comments on Affy2 ProbeSet: ProbeSet 1637036_s_at completely aligns to an exonic region common to each of the 2 FlyBase-annotated transcript isoforms of pr. Gene sequence location is 2L:20073719..20075467.
User Contributed Data
	Beta version, feedback welcome
Phenotypic Description from the Red Book (Lindsley & Zimm 1992)
Gene/Allele symbols may differ from current usage	pr: purple Eye color ruby at hatching, darkening to purplish ruby with age [Sturtevant and Beadle, 1939, An Introduction to Genetics, W.B. Saunders Co., Philadelphia and London, p. 64 (plate I)]; orange in combination with st, reddish brown in combination with bw (Mainz, 1938). pr eye color autonomous in larval optic disks transplanted into wild-type hosts (Beadle and Ephrussi, 1936, Genetics 21: 230). Larval Malpighian tubules wild-type in color (Beadle, 1937, Genetics 22: 587-611). Mutants deficient in pteridines (Hadorn and Mitchell, 1951, Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 37: 650-65; Wilson and Jacobson, 1977; Yim et al., 1977); sepiapterin and the drosopterins are markedly reduced relative to wild type in pr1 and prbw (Wilson and Jacobson, 1977; Dorsett and Brown, 1982), the effect being greater in prbw than in pr1. The enzyme sepiapterin synthase A, which is involved in early steps leading to the synthesis of the drosopterins (Wiederrect et al., 1984a, 1984b), is most active in wild-type Drosophila in late pupae and young adults when sepiapterin accumulation begins and the eyes become pigmented (Krivi and Brown, 1979, Biochem. Genet. 17: 371-90). When pr+ has been translocated into the Y chromosome [Tp(2;Y)prC5], the Tp(2;Y)prC5, cn/prC4cn flies show a variegated eye color (Yim et al., 1977; Tobler et al., 1979) and the mutant late larvae and early pupae show a reduction in sepiapterin synthase A activity as compared to both wild-type and pr1 (Tobler et al., 1979). The suppressors su(s)2 and su(pr)e3 restore the pyrimidine level of pr1 and prbw to that of wild-type or nearly wild-type (Wilson and Jacobson, 1977; Yim et al., 1977).
Recent Updates
Description	What does this section display? This section contains items that were added to this record for each release. It currently only tracks new links between this FlyBase report and other FlyBase data classes (e.g. genes, references, stocks) or controlled vocabulary terms (e.g. GO, anatomy terms). What does this section not display? This section does not currently display links that were removed or gene model changes.
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FB2013_03
FB2013_02
All updates	Click here to see a list of all updates to this record from FB2010_08 and on.
Detailed Mapping Data
FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Evidence for location 38B3-38B3   Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{lacW}barrk14014 and P{EP}nebEP642
Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Notes References 38B-38B     (Ohkura et al., 1997)
Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
Location	2-54.5 (Meyer, 1963, ) 2-53.6 +/- 0.2 (O'Donnell et al., 1977)
Left of (cM)
Right of (cM)
Notes
Gene Model & Products
Please see the GBrowse view of Dmel\pr for information on other features To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form
Comments on Gene Model
	Gene model reviewed during 5.43
Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name FlyBase ID RefSeq ID Length (nt) Associated CDS (aa) pr-RC FBtr0089395  NM_165319   1082   168
Additional Transcript Data & Comments
Reported size (kB)	1.3, 1.1 (northern blot) (Kim et al., 1996)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name FlyBase ID Predicted MW (kDa) Length (aa) Theoretical pI RefSeq ID GenBank protein pr-PC   FBpp0088417   19.3   168   7.25     NP_724244   AAN11065
Additional Polypeptide Data & Comments
Reported size (kDa)	168 (aa); 19 (kD observed) (Kim et al., 1996)
Comments
External Data
Linkouts
Crossreferences	InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites • 6-pyruvoyl tetrahydropterin synthase/QueD family protein (IPR007115) 6-pyruvoyl tetrahydropterin synthase, histidine active site (IPR022469) 6-pyruvoyl tetrahydropterin synthase, cysteine active site (IPR022470)
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank	DNA sequence Protein sequence Name AA246539   AA392266   AE014134 AAN11065   AC004364   AW941592   AY061078 AAL28626   BI164324   BI232344   BI376012   BP548045   BP552191   BP552192   BP559938   BP559939   CO186443   CO186821   CO263565   CO281145   CO310355   CO337739   EC059039   EC068379   EC068951   EC076065   EC086934   EC207946   EC217582   EC222155   EC267954   EV586915   U36232 AAC47269
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot	P48611
UniProtKB/TrEMBL
Mapped Features
Mapped Features have been reorganized, please see this article for details. Additional mapped features and mutations can be found on GBrowse or related reports. Type Symbol & Location Additional Notes References
External Data
Linkouts
Crossreferences
Expression Data
Transcript Expression
in situ Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference embryonic stage 1 -- 3   organism   (Fisher et al., 2012) Comment:maternally deposited embryonic stage 4 -- 6   organism | ubiquitous   (Fisher et al., 2012) embryonic stage 7 -- 8   organism | ubiquitous   (Fisher et al., 2012) embryonic stage 9 -- 10   organism | ubiquitous   (Fisher et al., 2012) embryonic stage 11 -- 12   organism | ubiquitous   (Fisher et al., 2012) embryonic stage 13 -- 16   organism | ubiquitous   (Fisher et al., 2012) northern blot Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference embryonic stage -- adult stage     (Kim et al., 1996) pupal stage | late     (Kim et al., 1996) adult stage   adult head   (Kim et al., 1996)
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Polypeptide Expression
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
Subcellular Localization (GO Cellular Component)
CV term Evidence References
Expression Deduced from Reporters
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools
Reference	See Gelbart and Emmert, 2010.10.13 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
FlyAtlas Anatomy Microarray
FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data (FlyAtlas-RNA.adult) (FlyAtlas-RNA.larva)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap Back-to-back    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High level expression bin max Very high expression bin max Summary of FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data: Nearly all larval and adult organs/tissues expressed at moderate or high levels. Expression at high levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult head, adult eye, larval fat body, adult spermathecae, adult male accessory gland. Expression at moderate levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: larval/adult central nervous system, adult crop, larval/adult midgut, larval/adult hindgut, larval/adult Malpighian tubules, adult heart, adult fat body, larval/adult salivary gland, larval trachea, adult ovary, larval/adult carcass. [download data (TSV)] Guide to FlyAtlas expression level colors   No expression (0 - 9.999)   Low expression (10 - 99.999)   Moderate expression (100 - 499.999)   High level expression (500 - 999.999)   Very high expression (>999.999) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    278.4 Larval Midgut    125.6 Larval Hindgut    105.6 Larval Malpighian Tubules    169.9 Larval Fat Body    1181.4 Larval Salivary Gland    407.7 Larval Trachea    316.325 Larval Carcass    213.325 Adult Head    521.3 Adult Eye    1077.2 Adult Brain    173 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    183.5 Adult Crop    245.6 Adult Midgut    173 Adult Hindgut    107.4 Adult Malpighian Tubules    157 Adult Fat Body    408.5 Adult Salivary Gland    417 Adult Heart    264.375 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    500.1 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    510.8 Adult Ovary    365.5 Adult Testis    63.7 Adult Male Accessory Gland    567.2 Adult Carcass    288.3 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    278.4 Larval Midgut    125.6 Larval Hindgut    105.6 Larval Malpighian Tubules    169.9 Larval Fat Body  (1181.4) Larval Salivary Gland    407.7 Larval Trachea    316.325 Larval Carcass    213.325 Adult Head  521.3 Adult Eye  (1077.2) Adult Brain    173 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    183.5 Adult Crop    245.6 Adult Midgut    173 Adult Hindgut    107.4 Adult Malpighian Tubules    157 Adult Fat Body    408.5 Adult Salivary Gland    417 Adult Heart    264.375 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca  500.1 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca  510.8 Adult Ovary    365.5 Adult Testis    63.7 Adult Male Accessory Gland  (567.2) Adult Carcass    288.3 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High  Linear, scaled to High level expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    278.4 Larval Midgut    125.6 Larval Hindgut    105.6 Larval Malpighian Tubules    169.9 Larval Fat Body  (1181.4) Larval Salivary Gland    407.7 Larval Trachea    316.325 Larval Carcass    213.325 Adult Head    521.3 Adult Eye  1077.2 Adult Brain    173 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    183.5 Adult Crop    245.6 Adult Midgut    173 Adult Hindgut    107.4 Adult Malpighian Tubules    157 Adult Fat Body    408.5 Adult Salivary Gland    417 Adult Heart    264.375 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    500.1 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    510.8 Adult Ovary    365.5 Adult Testis    63.7 Adult Male Accessory Gland    567.2 Adult Carcass    288.3 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Very high expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    278.4 Larval Midgut    125.6 Larval Hindgut    105.6 Larval Malpighian Tubules    169.9 Larval Fat Body    1181.4 Larval Salivary Gland    407.7 Larval Trachea    316.325 Larval Carcass    213.325 Adult Head    521.3 Adult Eye    1077.2 Adult Brain    173 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    183.5 Adult Crop    245.6 Adult Midgut    173 Adult Hindgut    107.4 Adult Malpighian Tubules    157 Adult Fat Body    408.5 Adult Salivary Gland    417 Adult Heart    264.375 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    500.1 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    510.8 Adult Ovary    365.5 Adult Testis    63.7 Adult Male Accessory Gland    567.2 Adult Carcass    288.3 Expression Level Scale  Very high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    278.4 Larval Midgut    125.6 Larval Hindgut    105.6 Larval Malpighian Tubules    169.9 Larval Fat Body    1181.4 Larval Salivary Gland    407.7 Larval Trachea    316.325 Larval Carcass    213.325 Adult Head    521.3 Adult Eye    1077.2 Adult Brain    173 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    183.5 Adult Crop    245.6 Adult Midgut    173 Adult Hindgut    107.4 Adult Malpighian Tubules    157 Adult Fat Body    408.5 Adult Salivary Gland    417 Adult Heart    264.375 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    500.1 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    510.8 Adult Ovary    365.5 Adult Testis    63.7 Adult Male Accessory Gland    567.2 Adult Carcass    288.3 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  log, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    278.4 Larval Midgut    125.6 Larval Hindgut    105.6 Larval Malpighian Tubules    169.9 Larval Fat Body  (1181.4) Larval Salivary Gland    407.7 Larval Trachea    316.325 Larval Carcass    213.325 Adult Head  521.3 Adult Eye  (1077.2) Adult Brain    173 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    183.5 Adult Crop    245.6 Adult Midgut    173 Adult Hindgut    107.4 Adult Malpighian Tubules    157 Adult Fat Body    408.5 Adult Salivary Gland    417 Adult Heart    264.375 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca  500.1 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca  510.8 Adult Ovary    365.5 Adult Testis    63.7 Adult Male Accessory Gland  567.2 Adult Carcass    288.3 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High  log, scaled to High level expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    278.4 Larval Midgut    125.6 Larval Hindgut    105.6 Larval Malpighian Tubules    169.9 Larval Fat Body  1181.4 Larval Salivary Gland    407.7 Larval Trachea    316.325 Larval Carcass    213.325 Adult Head    521.3 Adult Eye  1077.2 Adult Brain    173 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    183.5 Adult Crop    245.6 Adult Midgut    173 Adult Hindgut    107.4 Adult Malpighian Tubules    157 Adult Fat Body    408.5 Adult Salivary Gland    417 Adult Heart    264.375 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    500.1 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    510.8 Adult Ovary    365.5 Adult Testis    63.7 Adult Male Accessory Gland    567.2 Adult Carcass    288.3 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  log, scaled to Very high expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    278.4 Larval Midgut    125.6 Larval Hindgut    105.6 Larval Malpighian Tubules    169.9 Larval Fat Body    1181.4 Larval Salivary Gland    407.7 Larval Trachea    316.325 Larval Carcass    213.325 Adult Head    521.3 Adult Eye    1077.2 Adult Brain    173 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    183.5 Adult Crop    245.6 Adult Midgut    173 Adult Hindgut    107.4 Adult Malpighian Tubules    157 Adult Fat Body    408.5 Adult Salivary Gland    417 Adult Heart    264.375 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    500.1 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    510.8 Adult Ovary    365.5 Adult Testis    63.7 Adult Male Accessory Gland    567.2 Adult Carcass    288.3 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  Heatmap Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System     Larval Midgut     Larval Hindgut     Larval Malpighian Tubules     Larval Fat Body     Larval Salivary Gland     Larval Trachea     Larval Carcass     Adult Head     Adult Eye     Adult Brain     Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion     Adult Crop     Adult Midgut     Adult Hindgut     Adult Malpighian Tubules     Adult Fat Body     Adult Salivary Gland     Adult Heart     Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca     Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca     Adult Ovary     Adult Testis     Adult Male Accessory Gland     Adult Carcass     FlyAtlas Organ/Tissue Expression, larval vs. adult Larval Expression Level Tissue Adult Expression Level   NA  Head    521.3   NA  Eye    1077.2   NA  Brain    173   278.4  Central Nervous System    NA   NA  Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    183.5   NA  Crop    245.6   125.6  Midgut    173   105.6  Hindgut    107.4   169.9  Malpighian Tubules    157   1181.4  Fat Body    408.5   407.7  Salivary Gland    417   NA  Heart    264.375   316.325  Trachea    NA   NA  VirginFemale Spermatheca    500.1   NA  InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    510.8   NA  Ovary    365.5   NA  Testis    63.7   NA  Male Accessory Gland    567.2   213.325  Carcass    288.3 FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data (Chintapalli et al., 2007)
modENCODE Anatomy RNA-Seq
modENCODE Tissue Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_tissues)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    41 central nervous system, larvae L3    47 central nervous system, pupae P8    20 head, virgin 1-day female    226 head, virgin 4-day female    75 head, virgin 20-day female    50 head, mated 1-day female    115 head, mated 4-day female    58 head, mated 20-day female    47 head, mated 1-day male    153 head, mated 4-day male    97 head, mated 20-day male    89 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    20 salivary gland, white prepupae    54 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    43 digestive system, 1-day adult    24 digestive system, 4-day adult    26 digestive system, 20-day adult    20 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    84 fat body, white prepupae    46 fat body, pupae P8    71 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    53 carcass, 1-day adult    49 carcass, 4-day adult    54 carcass, 20-day adult    44 ovary, virgin 4-day female    82 ovary, mated 4-day female    76 testis, mated 4-day male    15 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    42 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering  (41) central nervous system, larvae L3  (47) central nervous system, pupae P8    20 head, virgin 1-day female  (226) head, virgin 4-day female  (75) head, virgin 20-day female  (50) head, mated 1-day female  (115) head, mated 4-day female  (58) head, mated 20-day female  (47) head, mated 1-day male  (153) head, mated 4-day male  (97) head, mated 20-day male  (89) salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    20 salivary gland, white prepupae  (54) digestive system, larvae L3 wandering  (43) digestive system, 1-day adult    24 digestive system, 4-day adult  26 digestive system, 20-day adult    20 fat body, larvae L3 wandering  (84) fat body, white prepupae  (46) fat body, pupae P8  (71) carcass, larvae L3 wandering  (53) carcass, 1-day adult  (49) carcass, 4-day adult  (54) carcass, 20-day adult  (44) ovary, virgin 4-day female  (82) ovary, mated 4-day female  (76) testis, mated 4-day male    15 accessory gland, mated 4-day male  (42) Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    41 central nervous system, larvae L3    47 central nervous system, pupae P8    20 head, virgin 1-day female  (226) head, virgin 4-day female    75 head, virgin 20-day female    50 head, mated 1-day female  (115) head, mated 4-day female    58 head, mated 20-day female    47 head, mated 1-day male  (153) head, mated 4-day male    97 head, mated 20-day male    89 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    20 salivary gland, white prepupae    54 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    43 digestive system, 1-day adult    24 digestive system, 4-day adult    26 digestive system, 20-day adult    20 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    84 fat body, white prepupae    46 fat body, pupae P8    71 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    53 carcass, 1-day adult    49 carcass, 4-day adult    54 carcass, 20-day adult    44 ovary, virgin 4-day female    82 ovary, mated 4-day female    76 testis, mated 4-day male    15 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    42 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    41 central nervous system, larvae L3    47 central nervous system, pupae P8    20 head, virgin 1-day female    226 head, virgin 4-day female    75 head, virgin 20-day female    50 head, mated 1-day female    115 head, mated 4-day female    58 head, mated 20-day female    47 head, mated 1-day male    153 head, mated 4-day male    97 head, mated 20-day male    89 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    20 salivary gland, white prepupae    54 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    43 digestive system, 1-day adult    24 digestive system, 4-day adult    26 digestive system, 20-day adult    20 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    84 fat body, white prepupae    46 fat body, pupae P8    71 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    53 carcass, 1-day adult    49 carcass, 4-day adult    54 carcass, 20-day adult    44 ovary, virgin 4-day female    82 ovary, mated 4-day female    76 testis, mated 4-day male    15 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    42 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    41 central nervous system, larvae L3    47 central nervous system, pupae P8    20 head, virgin 1-day female    226 head, virgin 4-day female    75 head, virgin 20-day female    50 head, mated 1-day female    115 head, mated 4-day female    58 head, mated 20-day female    47 head, mated 1-day male    153 head, mated 4-day male    97 head, mated 20-day male    89 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    20 salivary gland, white prepupae    54 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    43 digestive system, 1-day adult    24 digestive system, 4-day adult    26 digestive system, 20-day adult    20 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    84 fat body, white prepupae    46 fat body, pupae P8    71 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    53 carcass, 1-day adult    49 carcass, 4-day adult    54 carcass, 20-day adult    44 ovary, virgin 4-day female    82 ovary, mated 4-day female    76 testis, mated 4-day male    15 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    42 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering  (41) central nervous system, larvae L3  (47) central nervous system, pupae P8    20 head, virgin 1-day female  (226) head, virgin 4-day female  (75) head, virgin 20-day female  (50) head, mated 1-day female  (115) head, mated 4-day female  (58) head, mated 20-day female  (47) head, mated 1-day male  (153) head, mated 4-day male  (97) head, mated 20-day male  (89) salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    20 salivary gland, white prepupae  (54) digestive system, larvae L3 wandering  (43) digestive system, 1-day adult    24 digestive system, 4-day adult  26 digestive system, 20-day adult    20 fat body, larvae L3 wandering  (84) fat body, white prepupae  (46) fat body, pupae P8  (71) carcass, larvae L3 wandering  (53) carcass, 1-day adult  (49) carcass, 4-day adult  (54) carcass, 20-day adult  (44) ovary, virgin 4-day female  (82) ovary, mated 4-day female  (76) testis, mated 4-day male    15 accessory gland, mated 4-day male  (42) Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    41 central nervous system, larvae L3    47 central nervous system, pupae P8    20 head, virgin 1-day female  (226) head, virgin 4-day female    75 head, virgin 20-day female    50 head, mated 1-day female  115 head, mated 4-day female    58 head, mated 20-day female    47 head, mated 1-day male  (153) head, mated 4-day male    97 head, mated 20-day male    89 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    20 salivary gland, white prepupae    54 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    43 digestive system, 1-day adult    24 digestive system, 4-day adult    26 digestive system, 20-day adult    20 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    84 fat body, white prepupae    46 fat body, pupae P8    71 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    53 carcass, 1-day adult    49 carcass, 4-day adult    54 carcass, 20-day adult    44 ovary, virgin 4-day female    82 ovary, mated 4-day female    76 testis, mated 4-day male    15 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    42 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    41 central nervous system, larvae L3    47 central nervous system, pupae P8    20 head, virgin 1-day female    226 head, virgin 4-day female    75 head, virgin 20-day female    50 head, mated 1-day female    115 head, mated 4-day female    58 head, mated 20-day female    47 head, mated 1-day male    153 head, mated 4-day male    97 head, mated 20-day male    89 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    20 salivary gland, white prepupae    54 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    43 digestive system, 1-day adult    24 digestive system, 4-day adult    26 digestive system, 20-day adult    20 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    84 fat body, white prepupae    46 fat body, pupae P8    71 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    53 carcass, 1-day adult    49 carcass, 4-day adult    54 carcass, 20-day adult    44 ovary, virgin 4-day female    82 ovary, mated 4-day female    76 testis, mated 4-day male    15 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    42 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering     central nervous system, larvae L3     central nervous system, pupae P8     head, virgin 1-day female     head, virgin 4-day female     head, virgin 20-day female     head, mated 1-day female     head, mated 4-day female     head, mated 20-day female     head, mated 1-day male     head, mated 4-day male     head, mated 20-day male     salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering     salivary gland, white prepupae     digestive system, larvae L3 wandering     digestive system, 1-day adult     digestive system, 4-day adult     digestive system, 20-day adult     fat body, larvae L3 wandering     fat body, white prepupae     fat body, pupae P8     carcass, larvae L3 wandering     carcass, 1-day adult     carcass, 4-day adult     carcass, 20-day adult     ovary, virgin 4-day female     ovary, mated 4-day female     testis, mated 4-day male     accessory gland, mated 4-day male
modENCODE Development RNA-Seq
modENCODE Temporal Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_U)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max Summary of modENCODE Temporal Expression Profile: Temporal profile ranges from a peak of high expression to a trough of moderate expression. Peak expression observed within 00-06 hour embryonic stages, during late larval stages. [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    45 embryo 02-04hr    77 embryo 04-06hr    69 embryo 06-08hr    45 embryo 08-10hr    46 embryo 10-12hr    36 embryo 12-14hr    41 embryo 14-16hr    18 embryo 16-18hr    22 embryo 18-20hr    25 embryo 20-22hr    26 embryo 22-24hr    34 larva L1    31 larva L2    38 larva L3 12hr old    41 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    56 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    44 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    49 white prepupae new    42 white prepupae 12hr    37 white prepupae 24hr    32 pupae 2d postWPP    30 pupae 3d postWPP    38 pupae 4d postWPP    45 adult male 01day    31 adult male 05day    20 adult male 30day    14 adult female 01day    31 adult female 05day    44 adult female 30day    42 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr  (45) embryo 02-04hr  (77) embryo 04-06hr  (69) embryo 06-08hr  (45) embryo 08-10hr  (46) embryo 10-12hr  (36) embryo 12-14hr  (41) embryo 14-16hr    18 embryo 16-18hr    22 embryo 18-20hr    25 embryo 20-22hr  26 embryo 22-24hr  (34) larva L1  (31) larva L2  (38) larva L3 12hr old  (41) larva L3 puffstage 1-2  (56) larva L3 puffstage 3-6  (44) larva L3 puffstage 7-9  (49) white prepupae new  (42) white prepupae 12hr  (37) white prepupae 24hr  (32) pupae 2d postWPP  (30) pupae 3d postWPP  (38) pupae 4d postWPP  (45) adult male 01day  (31) adult male 05day    20 adult male 30day    14 adult female 01day  (31) adult female 05day  (44) adult female 30day  (42) Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    45 embryo 02-04hr    77 embryo 04-06hr    69 embryo 06-08hr    45 embryo 08-10hr    46 embryo 10-12hr    36 embryo 12-14hr    41 embryo 14-16hr    18 embryo 16-18hr    22 embryo 18-20hr    25 embryo 20-22hr    26 embryo 22-24hr    34 larva L1    31 larva L2    38 larva L3 12hr old    41 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    56 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    44 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    49 white prepupae new    42 white prepupae 12hr    37 white prepupae 24hr    32 pupae 2d postWPP    30 pupae 3d postWPP    38 pupae 4d postWPP    45 adult male 01day    31 adult male 05day    20 adult male 30day    14 adult female 01day    31 adult female 05day    44 adult female 30day    42 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    45 embryo 02-04hr    77 embryo 04-06hr    69 embryo 06-08hr    45 embryo 08-10hr    46 embryo 10-12hr    36 embryo 12-14hr    41 embryo 14-16hr    18 embryo 16-18hr    22 embryo 18-20hr    25 embryo 20-22hr    26 embryo 22-24hr    34 larva L1    31 larva L2    38 larva L3 12hr old    41 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    56 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    44 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    49 white prepupae new    42 white prepupae 12hr    37 white prepupae 24hr    32 pupae 2d postWPP    30 pupae 3d postWPP    38 pupae 4d postWPP    45 adult male 01day    31 adult male 05day    20 adult male 30day    14 adult female 01day    31 adult female 05day    44 adult female 30day    42 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    45 embryo 02-04hr    77 embryo 04-06hr    69 embryo 06-08hr    45 embryo 08-10hr    46 embryo 10-12hr    36 embryo 12-14hr    41 embryo 14-16hr    18 embryo 16-18hr    22 embryo 18-20hr    25 embryo 20-22hr    26 embryo 22-24hr    34 larva L1    31 larva L2    38 larva L3 12hr old    41 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    56 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    44 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    49 white prepupae new    42 white prepupae 12hr    37 white prepupae 24hr    32 pupae 2d postWPP    30 pupae 3d postWPP    38 pupae 4d postWPP    45 adult male 01day    31 adult male 05day    20 adult male 30day    14 adult female 01day    31 adult female 05day    44 adult female 30day    42 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Moderate expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr  (45) embryo 02-04hr  (77) embryo 04-06hr  (69) embryo 06-08hr  (45) embryo 08-10hr  (46) embryo 10-12hr  (36) embryo 12-14hr  (41) embryo 14-16hr    18 embryo 16-18hr    22 embryo 18-20hr    25 embryo 20-22hr  26 embryo 22-24hr  (34) larva L1  31 larva L2  (38) larva L3 12hr old  (41) larva L3 puffstage 1-2  (56) larva L3 puffstage 3-6  (44) larva L3 puffstage 7-9  (49) white prepupae new  (42) white prepupae 12hr  (37) white prepupae 24hr  32 pupae 2d postWPP  30 pupae 3d postWPP  (38) pupae 4d postWPP  (45) adult male 01day  31 adult male 05day    20 adult male 30day    14 adult female 01day  31 adult female 05day  (44) adult female 30day  (42) Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    45 embryo 02-04hr    77 embryo 04-06hr    69 embryo 06-08hr    45 embryo 08-10hr    46 embryo 10-12hr    36 embryo 12-14hr    41 embryo 14-16hr    18 embryo 16-18hr    22 embryo 18-20hr    25 embryo 20-22hr    26 embryo 22-24hr    34 larva L1    31 larva L2    38 larva L3 12hr old    41 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    56 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    44 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    49 white prepupae new    42 white prepupae 12hr    37 white prepupae 24hr    32 pupae 2d postWPP    30 pupae 3d postWPP    38 pupae 4d postWPP    45 adult male 01day    31 adult male 05day    20 adult male 30day    14 adult female 01day    31 adult female 05day    44 adult female 30day    42 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    45 embryo 02-04hr    77 embryo 04-06hr    69 embryo 06-08hr    45 embryo 08-10hr    46 embryo 10-12hr    36 embryo 12-14hr    41 embryo 14-16hr    18 embryo 16-18hr    22 embryo 18-20hr    25 embryo 20-22hr    26 embryo 22-24hr    34 larva L1    31 larva L2    38 larva L3 12hr old    41 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    56 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    44 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    49 white prepupae new    42 white prepupae 12hr    37 white prepupae 24hr    32 pupae 2d postWPP    30 pupae 3d postWPP    38 pupae 4d postWPP    45 adult male 01day    31 adult male 05day    20 adult male 30day    14 adult female 01day    31 adult female 05day    44 adult female 30day    42 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr     embryo 02-04hr     embryo 04-06hr     embryo 06-08hr     embryo 08-10hr     embryo 10-12hr     embryo 12-14hr     embryo 14-16hr     embryo 16-18hr     embryo 18-20hr     embryo 20-22hr     embryo 22-24hr     larva L1     larva L2     larva L3 12hr old     larva L3 puffstage 1-2     larva L3 puffstage 3-6     larva L3 puffstage 7-9     white prepupae new     white prepupae 12hr     white prepupae 24hr     pupae 2d postWPP     pupae 3d postWPP     pupae 4d postWPP     adult male 01day     adult male 05day     adult male 30day     adult female 01day     adult female 05day     adult female 30day     modENCODE Temporal Expression Data (Graveley et al., 2011)
modENCODE Cell Lines RNA-Seq
modENCODE Cell Line Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_cell.A) (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_cell.B)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    61 Schneider line 2 Sg4    35 embryonic 1182-4H    61 embryonic GM2    59 embryonic Kc167    78 embryonic S1    60 embryonic S3    65 leg disc CME L1    58 wing disc CME-W2    45 wing disc ML-DmD8    39 wing disc ML-DmD9    36 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    66 wing disc ML-DmD21    49 wing disc ML-DmD32    57 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    55 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    60 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    57 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    48 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    97 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    73 tumorous blood cells mbn2    32 ovary fGS/OSS    41 ovary OSC    65 ovary OSS    21 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+  (61) Schneider line 2 Sg4  (35) embryonic 1182-4H  (61) embryonic GM2  (59) embryonic Kc167  (78) embryonic S1  (60) embryonic S3  (65) leg disc CME L1  (58) wing disc CME-W2  (45) wing disc ML-DmD8  (39) wing disc ML-DmD9  (36) wing disc ML-DmD16-c3  (66) wing disc ML-DmD21  (49) wing disc ML-DmD32  (57) haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3  (55) eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11  (60) antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5  (57) mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1  (48) CNS ML-DmBG1-c1  (97) CNS ML-DmBG2-c2  (73) tumorous blood cells mbn2  (32) ovary fGS/OSS  (41) ovary OSC  (65) ovary OSS    21 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    61 Schneider line 2 Sg4    35 embryonic 1182-4H    61 embryonic GM2    59 embryonic Kc167    78 embryonic S1    60 embryonic S3    65 leg disc CME L1    58 wing disc CME-W2    45 wing disc ML-DmD8    39 wing disc ML-DmD9    36 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    66 wing disc ML-DmD21    49 wing disc ML-DmD32    57 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    55 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    60 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    57 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    48 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    97 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    73 tumorous blood cells mbn2    32 ovary fGS/OSS    41 ovary OSC    65 ovary OSS    21 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    61 Schneider line 2 Sg4    35 embryonic 1182-4H    61 embryonic GM2    59 embryonic Kc167    78 embryonic S1    60 embryonic S3    65 leg disc CME L1    58 wing disc CME-W2    45 wing disc ML-DmD8    39 wing disc ML-DmD9    36 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    66 wing disc ML-DmD21    49 wing disc ML-DmD32    57 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    55 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    60 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    57 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    48 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    97 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    73 tumorous blood cells mbn2    32 ovary fGS/OSS    41 ovary OSC    65 ovary OSS    21 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    61 Schneider line 2 Sg4    35 embryonic 1182-4H    61 embryonic GM2    59 embryonic Kc167    78 embryonic S1    60 embryonic S3    65 leg disc CME L1    58 wing disc CME-W2    45 wing disc ML-DmD8    39 wing disc ML-DmD9    36 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    66 wing disc ML-DmD21    49 wing disc ML-DmD32    57 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    55 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    60 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    57 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    48 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    97 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    73 tumorous blood cells mbn2    32 ovary fGS/OSS    41 ovary OSC    65 ovary OSS    21 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Moderate expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+  (61) Schneider line 2 Sg4  (35) embryonic 1182-4H  (61) embryonic GM2  (59) embryonic Kc167  (78) embryonic S1  (60) embryonic S3  (65) leg disc CME L1  (58) wing disc CME-W2  (45) wing disc ML-DmD8  (39) wing disc ML-DmD9  (36) wing disc ML-DmD16-c3  (66) wing disc ML-DmD21  (49) wing disc ML-DmD32  (57) haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3  (55) eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11  (60) antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5  (57) mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1  (48) CNS ML-DmBG1-c1  (97) CNS ML-DmBG2-c2  (73) tumorous blood cells mbn2  32 ovary fGS/OSS  (41) ovary OSC  (65) ovary OSS    21 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    61 Schneider line 2 Sg4    35 embryonic 1182-4H    61 embryonic GM2    59 embryonic Kc167    78 embryonic S1    60 embryonic S3    65 leg disc CME L1    58 wing disc CME-W2    45 wing disc ML-DmD8    39 wing disc ML-DmD9    36 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    66 wing disc ML-DmD21    49 wing disc ML-DmD32    57 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    55 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    60 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    57 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    48 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    97 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    73 tumorous blood cells mbn2    32 ovary fGS/OSS    41 ovary OSC    65 ovary OSS    21 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    61 Schneider line 2 Sg4    35 embryonic 1182-4H    61 embryonic GM2    59 embryonic Kc167    78 embryonic S1    60 embryonic S3    65 leg disc CME L1    58 wing disc CME-W2    45 wing disc ML-DmD8    39 wing disc ML-DmD9    36 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    66 wing disc ML-DmD21    49 wing disc ML-DmD32    57 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    55 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    60 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    57 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    48 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    97 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    73 tumorous blood cells mbn2    32 ovary fGS/OSS    41 ovary OSC    65 ovary OSS    21 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+     Schneider line 2 Sg4     embryonic 1182-4H     embryonic GM2     embryonic Kc167     embryonic S1     embryonic S3     leg disc CME L1     wing disc CME-W2     wing disc ML-DmD8     wing disc ML-DmD9     wing disc ML-DmD16-c3     wing disc ML-DmD21     wing disc ML-DmD32     haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3     eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11     antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5     mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1     CNS ML-DmBG1-c1     CNS ML-DmBG2-c2     tumorous blood cells mbn2     ovary fGS/OSS     ovary OSC     ovary OSS
modENCODE Treatments RNA-Seq
modENCODE Treatment Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_treatments)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    23 cold shock, 4-day adult    12 heat shock, 4-day adult    55 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    52 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    98 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    55 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    54 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    24 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    46 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    26 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    41 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    49 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    50 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    38 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    94 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    62 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    24 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    57 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    47 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    60 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    27 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    23 cold shock, 4-day adult    12 heat shock, 4-day adult  (55) Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3  (52) Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3  (98) Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (55) Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (54) Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    24 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (46) Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3  26 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (41) Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3  (49) Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3  (50) Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3  (38) Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3  (94) Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (62) Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    24 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (57) Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (47) Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3  (60) Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3  (27) Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    23 cold shock, 4-day adult    12 heat shock, 4-day adult    55 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    52 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    98 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    55 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    54 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    24 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    46 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    26 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    41 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    49 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    50 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    38 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    94 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    62 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    24 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    57 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    47 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    60 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    27 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    23 cold shock, 4-day adult    12 heat shock, 4-day adult    55 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    52 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    98 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    55 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    54 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    24 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    46 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    26 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    41 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    49 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    50 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    38 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    94 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    62 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    24 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    57 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    47 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    60 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    27 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    23 cold shock, 4-day adult    12 heat shock, 4-day adult    55 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    52 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    98 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    55 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    54 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    24 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    46 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    26 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    41 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    49 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    50 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    38 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    94 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    62 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    24 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    57 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    47 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    60 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    27 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Moderate expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    23 cold shock, 4-day adult    12 heat shock, 4-day adult  (55) Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3  (52) Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3  (98) Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (55) Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (54) Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    24 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (46) Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3  26 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (41) Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3  (49) Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3  (50) Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3  (38) Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3  (94) Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (62) Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    24 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (57) Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (47) Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3  (60) Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3  27 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    23 cold shock, 4-day adult    12 heat shock, 4-day adult    55 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    52 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    98 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    55 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    54 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    24 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    46 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    26 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    41 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    49 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    50 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    38 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    94 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    62 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    24 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    57 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    47 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    60 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    27 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    23 cold shock, 4-day adult    12 heat shock, 4-day adult    55 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    52 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    98 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    55 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    54 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    24 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    46 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    26 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    41 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    49 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    50 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    38 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    94 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    62 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    24 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    57 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    47 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    60 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    27 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult     cold shock, 4-day adult     heat shock, 4-day adult     Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3     Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3     Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3     Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3     Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3     Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3     Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3     Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3     Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3     Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3
Expression Clusters
	A cluster of genes with similar mRNA expression dynamics across development. (The modENCODE Consortium, 2010, Graveley et al., 2011) mE2_34_mRNA_expression_cluster_09 mE1_20_mRNA_expression_cluster_02
External Data & Images
Linkouts	BDGP expression data • LD05512 FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies • FBgn0003141 FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array • CG16784-RC
Alleles & Phenotypes
Summary of Allele Phenotypes
Lethality Allele lethal | recessive prC4 prlM60 prP1 Other Phenotypes Allele eye color defective pr1 pr2 pr42d prbw prC4 prlM60 prM60 prs prunspecified visible pr1 pr2 pr42d prbw visible | recessive pr112 pr156 prunspecified Phenotype manifest in Allele pigment cell pr1 pr2 pr42d prC4 prM60 prbw prlM60 prs prunspecified
Classical Alleles ( 18 )
For All Classical Alleles Show
Allele of pr Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion pr1 spontaneous 667 Yes prbw spontaneous 1 Yes prC4 ethyl methanesulfonate 1 -- prC6 1 -- prG3141 P-element activity 1 -- pr112 X ray 0 -- pr156 X ray 0 -- pr2 spontaneous 0 Yes pr40 0 -- pr42d spontaneous 0 -- pr80d spontaneous 0 -- pr81d spontaneous 0 -- prlM60 spontaneous 0 -- prm2b 0 -- prM60 X ray 0 -- prP1 spontaneous 0 Yes prs spontaneous 0 -- prunspecified 0 --
Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs ( 2 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Allele of pr Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion prGD4695 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 1 Yes prKK108320 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes
Aneuploid Aberrations
Disrupted in	Df(2L)H   Df(2L)NG7 (Omelyanchuk, 1991) Df(2L)NG12 (Omelyanchuk, 1991) Df(2L)pr2b (Butler et al., 2001) Df(2L)pr7 (Butler et al., 2001) Df(2L)pr21 (Brittnacher and Ganetzky, 1983) Df(2L)pr26 (Brittnacher and Ganetzky, 1983) Df(2L)pr37 (Butler et al., 2001) Df(2L)pr40 (Butler et al., 2001) Df(2L)pr47 (Brittnacher and Ganetzky, 1983) Df(2L)pr49 (Butler et al., 2001, Brittnacher and Ganetzky, 1983) Df(2L)pr65 (Brittnacher and Ganetzky, 1983) Df(2L)pr67 (Brittnacher and Ganetzky, 1983) Df(2L)pr69 (Brittnacher and Ganetzky, 1983) Df(2L)pr1122 (Butler et al., 2001) Df(2L)pr1123 (Butler et al., 2001) Df(2L)pr8311 (Butler et al., 2001) Df(2L)pr9133 (Butler et al., 2001) Df(2L)pr9201 (Butler et al., 2001) Df(2L)pr9202 (Butler et al., 2001) Df(2L)pr9204 (Butler et al., 2001) Df(2L)pr11163 (Butler et al., 2001) Df(2L)pr11164 (Butler et al., 2001) Df(2L)pr-A8 (Ganetzky, 1977) Df(2L)pr-A14 (Ganetzky, 1977) Df(2L)pr-A16 (Butler et al., 2001, Ganetzky, 1977) Df(2L)pr-A20 (Butler et al., 2001, Ganetzky, 1977) Df(2L)pr-B12 (Ganetzky, 1977, Brittnacher and Ganetzky, 1983) Df(2L)pr-M1 (Carpenter, 1999.2.23, Butler et al., 2001) Df(2L)pr-R (Roberts, 1971) Df(2L)Sd2 (Brittnacher and Ganetzky, 1983, Temin, 1991) Df(2L)Sd14 (Butler et al., 2001, Brittnacher and Ganetzky, 1983, Temin, 1991) Df(2L)Sd57 (Butler et al., 2001, Brittnacher and Ganetzky, 1983, Temin, 1991) Df(2L)Sd68 (Brittnacher and Ganetzky, 1983, Temin, 1991) Df(2L)Sd77 (Butler et al., 2001, Brittnacher and Ganetzky, 1983, Temin, 1991) Df(2L)TW1 (Wright et al., 1976) Df(2L)TW2 (Butler et al., 2001, Wright et al., 1976) Df(2L)TW9 (Butler et al., 2001, Wright et al., 1976) Df(2L)TW12 (Wright et al., 1976, Siegel, 1981) Df(2L)TW65 (Butler et al., 2001, Wright et al., 1976, Ganetzky, 1977, Siegel, 1981, Cicchetti and Loverre, 1989) Df(2L)TW84 (Butler et al., 2001, Wright et al., 1976, Siegel, 1981) Df(2L)TW150 (Butler et al., 2001, Wright et al., 1976, Huntley, 1978) Df(2L)TW161 (Butler et al., 2001, Wright et al., 1976, Ganetzky, 1977, Cicchetti and Loverre, 1989) Df(2L)VA6 (Butler et al., 2001) Df(2L)VA12 (Butler et al., 2001, Wright et al., 1981) Df(2L)VA13 (Wright et al., 1981) Df(2L)VA19 (Butler et al., 2001) Dp(2;Y)H1 (Hodgetts, 1980) Dp(2;Y)H2 (Hodgetts, 1980) Dp(2;Y)H3 (Hodgetts, 1980)
Duplicated in	Dp(2;1)C239 (Matthews, 2004.12.29) Dp(2;Y)G (Tirian et al., 2000) Dp(2;Y)G-M15 (Contamine et al., 1989) Dp(2;Y)H   Dp(F2L;2)NG7 (Omelyanchuk, 1991) Dp(F2L;2)NG12 (Omelyanchuk, 1991)
Not disrupted in	Df(2L)061b (Siegel, 1981) Df(2L)be408 (Butler et al., 2001) Df(2L)C (Cicchetti and Loverre, 1989) Df(2L)C' (Cicchetti and Loverre, 1989) Df(2L)D (Cicchetti and Loverre, 1989) Df(2L)D' (Cicchetti and Loverre, 1989) Df(2L)E55 (Wright et al., 1976) Df(2L)E71 (Wright et al., 1976, Ganetzky, 1977) Df(2L)hk18 (Brittnacher and Ganetzky, 1983) Df(2L)hk39 (Brittnacher and Ganetzky, 1983) Df(2L)L138D-81 (Siegel, 1981) Df(2L)L138D-C2 (Siegel, 1981) Df(2L)L138D-C15 (Siegel, 1981) Df(2L)L138D-FB15 (Siegel, 1981) Df(2L)L138D-X1 (Siegel, 1981) Df(2L)L138D-X14 (Siegel, 1981) Df(2L)L138D-XR (Siegel, 1981) Df(2L)Sd37 (Ganetzky, 1977, Brittnacher and Ganetzky, 1983, Temin, 1991) Df(2L)TW3 (Wright et al., 1976) Df(2L)TW50 (Butler et al., 2001) Df(2L)TW119 (Wright et al., 1976) Df(2L)TW130 (Wright et al., 1976) Df(2L)TW137 (Wright et al., 1976) Df(2L)TW158 (Wright et al., 1976, Ganetzky, 1977) Df(2L)VA17 (Wright et al., 1981) Df(2R)M41A4 (Cicchetti and Loverre, 1989) Df(2R)M41A8 (Cicchetti and Loverre, 1989) Df(2R)M41A10 (Cicchetti and Loverre, 1989) Df(2R)rl-D (Cicchetti and Loverre, 1989) In(2R)bwVDe2LCyR (Cicchetti and Loverre, 1989) Ts(Y;2Lt)D219+Ts(Y;2Rt)H174 (Wright et al., 1976)
Transgenic Constructs & Insertions
Transgenic Constructs
	Type of construct Name Expression data UAS construct P{GD4695} NA P{KK108320} NA
Insertions
	Type of insertions Name Expression data insertion of enhancer trap P{lacW}l(2)SH0921SH0921 No miscellaneous insertions 412{}pr1 NA 412{}pr2 NA 412{}prbw NA insertion of mobile activating element P{EP}prG3141 NA
Gene Ontology: Function, Process & Cellular Component ( 3 unique terms )
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence ( 1 term )
Molecular Function ( 0 terms)
Biological Process
CV term Evidence References
pteridine biosynthetic process inferred from direct assay (Wiederrecht and Brown, 1984, Wiederrecht et al., 1984)
Cellular Component ( 0 terms)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions ( 2 terms )
Molecular Function
CV term Evidence References
6-pyruvoyltetrahydropterin synthase activity inferred from sequence or structural similarity with EMBL:AF043225 (FlyBase, 1992-) non-traceable author statement (Swiss-Prot Project Members, 1996.2.1)
Biological Process
CV term Evidence References
tetrahydrobiopterin biosynthetic process inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR007115, InterPro:IPR007116, InterPro:IPR022469, InterPro:IPR022470 (FlyBase Curators et al., 2004-) non-traceable author statement (Swiss-Prot Project Members, 1996.2.1)
Cellular Component ( 0 terms)
Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene
	nuclear_gene   protein_coding_gene
Interactions & Pathways
Summary of Physical Interactions
protein-protein
Interacting group Assay References
pr - Bacc experimental knowledge based (Guruharsha et al., 2011) pr - CG30118 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting, experimental knowledge based (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23, Guruharsha et al., 2011) pr - CG9977 experimental knowledge based (Guruharsha et al., 2011) pr - Jafrac2 experimental knowledge based (Guruharsha et al., 2011) pr - Mapmodulin experimental knowledge based (Guruharsha et al., 2011) pr - Pez experimental knowledge based (Guruharsha et al., 2011) pr - Tpi experimental knowledge based (Guruharsha et al., 2011) pr - bsk experimental knowledge based (Guruharsha et al., 2011) pr - grsm experimental knowledge based (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
Summary of Genetic Interactions
Interacts with	Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions pr allele Gene References pr1 su(s) (Kim et al., 1996) prbw su(s) (Kim et al., 1996) prunspecified w (Lloyd et al., 2002) unspecified su(pr) (Lindsley and Zimm, 1992) su(s)
External Data
Linkouts	BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions • 61262 DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions. • FBgn0003141 InterologFinder Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets. • 35292
Orthologs
OrthoDB Orthologs (36) - based on analysis using Dmel annotation version 5.41
OrthoDB Ortholog Groups
	OrthoDB orthology group searches (Waterhouse et al., 2011, Nucleic Acids Res. 39(Database issue): D283--D288) Drosophila inclusive ortholog search EOG6WDDZ9 Dipteran inclusive ortholog search EOG6HQDTM Insect inclusive ortholog search EOG60VTM0 Arthropod inclusive ortholog search EOG6CZ8Z6 Metazoa inclusive ortholog search EOG6P32XH
Orthologs in Drosophila Species (EOG6WDDZ9)
Organism Common Name Gene AAA Syntenic Ortholog Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly  Dmel\pr     Drosophila sechellia   Dsec\GM16965 Y   Drosophila erecta   Dere\GG21591 Y   Drosophila yakuba   Dyak\GE12609 Y   Drosophila ananassae   Dana\GF15457 Y   Drosophila pseudoobscura pseudoobscura   Dpse\GA29012 Y   Drosophila persimilis   Dper\GL26673 Y   Drosophila willistoni   Dwil\GK18684 Y   Drosophila virilis   Dvir\GJ17891 Y   Drosophila mojavensis   Dmoj\GI12528 Y   Drosophila grimshawi   Dgri\GH13241 Y
Orthologs in non-Drosophila Dipterans (EOG6HQDTM)
Organism Common Name Gene Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Aedes aegypti Yellow fever mosquito  Aaeg\AAEL001642   Anopheles gambiae Malaria mosquito  Agam\AGAP008730   Culex quinquefasciatus Southern house mosquito  Cqui\CPIJ000863
Orthologs in non-Dipteran Insects (EOG60VTM0)
Organism Common Name Gene Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Apis mellifera Western honey bee  Amel\LOC412015   Nasonia vitripennis Parasitic wasp  Nvit\Nasvi2EG005113   Acromyrmex echinatior Panamanian leafcutter ant  Aech\AECH26824   Atta cephalotes Leafcutter ant  Acep\ACEP19162   Camponotus floridanus Florida carpenter ant  Cflo\CFLO12656   Harpegnathos saltator Jerdons jumping ant  Hsal\HSAL17240   Linepithema humile Argentine ant  Lhum\LH11645   Pogonomyrmex barbatus Red harvester ant  Pbar\PB19771   Solenopsis invicta Red fire ant  Sinv\SINV20993   Acyrthosiphon pisum Pea aphid  Apim\ACYPI007090   Bombyx mori Silkmoth  Bmor\BGIBMGA003643   Pediculus humanus Human body louse  Phum\PHUM161370   Tribolium castaneum Red flour beetle  Tcas\GLEAN_15575
Orthologs in non-Insect Arthropods (EOG6CZ8Z6)
Organism Common Name Gene Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Daphnia pulex Water flea  Dpux\JGI_V11_230142
Orthologs in non-Arthropod Metazoa (EOG6P32XH)
Organism Common Name Gene Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Caenorhabditis elegans Nematode  Cele\ptps-1   Strongylocentrotus purpuratus Purple sea urchin  Spur\SPU_028491gn   Strongylocentrotus purpuratus Purple sea urchin  Spur\SPU_016201gn   Danio rerio Zebrafish  Drer\ENSDARG00000045269   Gallus gallus Domestic chicken  Ggal\PTS   Mus musculus House mouse  Mmus\Pts   Rattus norvegicus Norway rat  Rnor\Pts   Homo sapiens Human  Hsap\PTS
Human Orthologs (1)
Gene OMIM HGNC Hsap\PTS
AAA Orthologs (11) based on analysis using Dmel annotation version 4.3
Organism Gene Drosophila simulans Dsim\GD21717 Drosophila sechellia Dsec\GM16965 Drosophila erecta Dere\GG21591 Drosophila yakuba Dyak\GE12609 Drosophila ananassae Dana\GF15457 Drosophila pseudoobscura pseudoobscura Dpse\GA29012 Drosophila persimilis Dper\GL26673 Drosophila willistoni Dwil\GK18684 Drosophila virilis Dvir\GJ17891 Drosophila mojavensis Dmoj\GI12528 Drosophila grimshawi Dgri\GH13241
Stocks & Reagents
Stocks Listed in FlyBase ( 672 )
Bloomington	370 pr1 373 prbw 307 hk1 pr1 216 rdo2 pr1 697 pr1 Mal1 3977 Adhn5 pr1 1041 prC6 cn1/CyO 1433 pr1 ord1/CyO 3235 cub1 pr1/CyO 3388 Acn1 pr1/CyO
Kyoto	101552 pr1 105877 pr1
	More stocks available...
Genomic Clones ( 2 )
	BACR10H13 BACR22E16 Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete
cDNA Clones ( 23 )
	Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see GBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.
cDNA Clones, Fully Sequenced
BDGP DGC clones	LD05512
Other clones
cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
BDGP DGC clones	LD11282 RE03978 RE28394 RE63932
Other clones	39023 77278 99182 569586 CK01.2A.D12 CK01.14C.G8 CK01.27A.H10 CK01.100B.B12 Dmel_neb_007898_0080_1353 EK019801 EK023661 EK088930 EK156047 EK221316 EN15210 FGH123D09 FGM217D02 FGM323G05
RNAi & Array Information
Linkouts	DRSC - Results from RNAi screens. • FBgn0003141 GenomeRNAi - GenomeRNAi – A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents • 35292
Antibody Information
Other Information
Discoverer
Etymology
Identification
Relationship to Other Genes
Source for database identity of
Source for database merge of
Additional comments	The P{lacW}l(2)k09314bk09314b insertion maps between pr and neb, mapping between the predicted neb promoter and transcription start site. (Butler et al., 2001)
Other Comments
	Transcription unit identified during molecular analysis of the neb genomic region. (Ohkura et al., 1997) pr gene product is very complex and exists as higher multimeric forms. (Park et al., 1990) v pr mutants are able to synthesize xanthurenic acid 8-glucoside when fed with xanthuretic acid and the activity required for its synthesis via xanthuretic acid are found. (Real and Ferre, 1990) The enzyme sepiapterin synthase A, is involved in early steps leading to the synthesis of the drosopterins. (Wiederrecht and Brown, 1984, Wiederrecht et al., 1984) Sepiapterin and the drosopterins are markedly reduced relative to wild type in pr1 and prbw the effect being greater in prbw than in pr1. (Dorsett and Jacobson, 1982) When pr+ has been translocated into the Y chromosome <up>T(Y;2)prC5</up>, the T(Y;2)prC5, cn1/prC4,cn1 flies show a variegated eye color. (Tobler et al., 1979) Mutants deficient in pteridines. Sepiapterin and the drosopterins are markedly reduced relative to wild type in pr1 and prbw, the effect being greater in prbw than in pr1. The suppressors su(s)2 and su(pr)3 restore the pyrimidine level of pr1 and prbw to that of wild-type or nearly wild-type. (Wilson and Jacobson, 1977) Mutants deficient in pteridines. When pr+ has been translocated into the Y chromosome <up>T(Y;2)prC5</up>, the T(Y;2)prC5, cn1/prC4, cn1 flies show a variegated eye color. The suppressors su(s)2 and su(pr)3 restore the pyrimidine level of pr1 and prbw to that of wild-type or nearly wild-type. (Yim et al., 1977) Mutants deficient in pteridines. (Hadorn and Mitchell, 1951) Eye color ruby at hatching, darkening to purplish ruby with age. (Sturtevant and Beadle, 1940) Orange in combination with st, reddish brown in combination with bw. (Mainx, 1938) Larval Malpighian tubules wild-type in color. (Beadle, 1937) pr eye color autonomous in larval optic discs transplanted into wild-type hosts. (Beadle and Ephrussi, 1936)
External Crossreferences & Linkouts
Sequence Crossreferences
	RefSeq (Transcripts) • NM_165319 RefSeq (Proteins) • NP_724244 DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank • AA246539 AAC47269 AAL28626 AAN11064 AAN11065 AC004364 AW941592 AY061078 U36232 Entrez Gene - A searchable database of RefSeq genes. • 35292 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot • P48611
Other Crossreferences
	InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites • 6-pyruvoyl tetrahydropterin synthase/QueD family protein (IPR007115) 6-pyruvoyl tetrahydropterin synthase, histidine active site (IPR022469) 6-pyruvoyl tetrahydropterin synthase, cysteine active site (IPR022470) BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis • LD05512
Linkouts
	BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions • 61262 DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions. • FBgn0003141 DRSC - Results from RNAi screens. • FBgn0003141 FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies • FBgn0003141 FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array • CG16784-RC FlyMine - Integrated genomics database for Drosophila, Anopheles, and C.elegans • FBgn0003141 GenomeRNAi - GenomeRNAi – A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents • 35292 InterologFinder Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets. • 35292 modMine - Data generated by the modENCODE project. • FBgn0003141
Synonyms & Secondary IDs ( 6 )
Reported As
Symbol Synonym	38B.9 (McGill Drosophila Genome Project, 2001.9.25, Butler, 2001, Butler et al., 2001) anon-38Bb   CG16784 (Keleman et al., 2009.8.5) pr (Harris et al., 2011, Zhou et al., 2009) unnamed (Ohkura et al., 1997)
Name Synonym	purple (Harris et al., 2011, Scherzer et al., 2003)
Secondary FlyBase IDs
	FBgn0020600
References ( 119 )
Generate a list of	All references relating to this gene ( 119 )
List References by type	Research paper  ( 80 ) Supplementary material  ( 6 ) Review  ( 4 ) Personal communication to FlyBase  ( 14 ) Abstract  ( 1 ) FlyBase analysis  ( 2 ) Book  ( 4 ) Protein sequence record  ( 1 ) Website  ( 1 ) Thesis  ( 1 ) Stock list  ( 3 ) Curated genome annotation  ( 2 )
Recent research papers ( 2 )
	Harris et al., 2011, J. Cell Biol. 194(1): 77--87 Cargo sorting to lysosome-related organelles regulates siRNA-mediated gene silencing. [FBrf0214287] Ohsako and Yamamoto, 2011, Genes & Genet. Systems 86(2): 97--108 Sperm of the wasted mutant are wasted when females utilize the stored sperm in Drosophila melanogaster. [FBrf0213868] Show all research papers ...
Recent reviews (0)
	All reviews listed in FlyBase were published before 2011 Show reviews ...