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Gene Dmel\ras

General Information
Symbol	Dmel\ras	Species	D. melanogaster
Name	raspberry	Annotation symbol	CG1799
Feature type	protein_coding_gene	FlyBase ID	FBgn0003204
Gene Model Status	Current	Stock availability	72 publicly available
Also Known As	IMPdH, CG11485, l(1)G0056, l(1)G0127
Genomic Location
Chromosome (arm)	X	Recombination map
Cytogenetic map	9E1-9E2	Sequence location	X:10,638,535..10,642,839 [+]
Genomic Maps Select View:Gene Models/EvidenceExpression/RegulationMegaViewGene Disruptions, Stocks and Reagents Beta	Decorated FastA GenBankGFF Gene region Extended Gene region CDSIntronsExonsTranslationsTranscripts3' UTR5' UTR
Summary Information
Automatically generated summary See sections below for more information	The gene raspberry is referred to in FlyBase by the symbol Dmel\ras (CG1799, FBgn0003204). It is a protein_coding_gene from Drosophila melanogaster. Based on sequence similarity, it is predicted to have molecular function: IMP dehydrogenase activity. There is experimental evidence that it is involved in the biological process: axon guidance; phagocytosis, engulfment. 84 alleles are reported. The phenotypes of these alleles are annotated with: macrochaeta; pigment cell. It has 5 annotated transcripts and 5 annotated polypeptides. Protein features are: Aldolase-type TIM barrel; Cystathionine beta-synthase, core; IMP dehydrogenase / GMP reductase, conserved site; IMP dehydrogenase/GMP reductase; Inosine-5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase. Summary of modENCODE Temporal Expression Profile: Temporal profile ranges from a peak of high expression to a trough of moderate expression. Peak expression observed within 00-06 hour embryonic stages, at stages throughout the larval period, during early pupal stages, in adult female stages. Summary of FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data: Nearly all larval and adult organs/tissues expressed at moderate or high levels. Expression at high levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult head, adult eye, larval/adult central nervous system, larval hindgut, larval/adult Malpighian tubules, larval/adult fat body, larval salivary gland, larval trachea, adult female reproductive system, adult male accessory gland, larval carcass. Expression at moderate levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult brain, adult crop, larval/adult midgut, adult hindgut, adult heart, adult salivary gland, adult carcass. Comments on Affy2 ProbeSet: ProbeSet 1627916_s_at completely aligns to an exonic region common to each of the 3 FlyBase-annotated transcript isoforms of ras. Gene sequence location is X:10638535..10642848.
User Contributed Data
	Beta version, feedback welcome
Phenotypic Description from the Red Book (Lindsley & Zimm 1992)
Gene/Allele symbols may differ from current usage	ras: raspberry Defective in pteridine synthesis; eye color dark ruby. Appears to affect the level of guanosine triphosphate cyclohydrolase activity; ras alleles exhibit increased activity compared to wild type at pupariation, but decreased activity at eclosion (Evans and Howell, 1979, Biochem. Genet. 16: 13-26). Not a purine auxotroph. Color autonomous in larval optic disks transplanted into wild-type hosts (Beadle and Ephrussi, 1936, Genetics 21: 230). ras/rasl display ras eye color. Larval Malpighian tubes nearly wild type; not useful for classification (Brehme and Demerec, 1942, Growth 6: 351-56). ras is but one of four types of mutations belonging to an interrelated complex involved some way in purine metabolism: ras, a nonauxotrophic eye-color mutant; two purine auxotrophs, pur1 and gua1, which complement ras and one another; and rasl, lethal alleles that fail to complement completely the other three types. The complex shares genetic features with rudimentary.
Recent Updates
Description	What does this section display? This section contains items that were added to this record for each release. It currently only tracks new links between this FlyBase report and other FlyBase data classes (e.g. genes, references, stocks) or controlled vocabulary terms (e.g. GO, anatomy terms). What does this section not display? This section does not currently display links that were removed or gene model changes.
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FB2013_03	Polypeptides ras-PE Transcripts ras-RE
FB2013_02
All updates	Click here to see a list of all updates to this record from FB2010_08 and on.
Detailed Mapping Data
FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Evidence for location 9E1-9E2   Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{EP}rasEP1235&P{EP}rasEP1427 and P{EP}EP1645
Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Notes References 9E3-9E8   (determined by in situ hybridisation) 9E1--2 (determined by in situ hybridisation) 9E3--4 (determined by in situ hybridisation) 9E1--4 (determined by in situ hybridisation) 9E2--4 (determined by in situ hybridisation)   (Peter et al., 2002) 9E1-9E4   (determined by in situ hybridisation)   (Schaefer et al., 1999.12.2) 9E1-9E4   (determined by in situ hybridisation)   (Schaefer et al., 1999.12.10) 9E1-9E4   (determined by in situ hybridisation) 9E3--4 (determined by in situ hybridisation) 9E1--2 (determined by in situ hybridisation)   (Schaefer et al., 1999.8.12) 9E-9E   (determined by in situ hybridisation) 9E1--2 (determined by in situ hybridisation)   (Schaefer et al., 1999.6.15) 9E1-9E2   (determined by in situ hybridisation) 9E3--4 (determined by in situ hybridisation)   (Schaefer et al., 1999.3.29) 9E3-9E4   (determined by in situ hybridisation)   (Nash, 19??) 9E1-9E4   (determined by in situ hybridisation)   (Sifri et al., 1994) 9E3-9E4   (determined by in situ hybridisation)   (Zhimulev et al., 1981)   There is a discrepancy between the in situ localisation (7E3--7E6) and the molecular localisation based on the flanking sequence (9E2--9E4) for the "l(1)G0238" (rasG0238) line. The available data suggests that it is most likely that the molecular localisation (9E2--9E4) is correct and that the in situs were misinterpreted.   (Schaefer, 2003.12.4)
Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
Location	1-32.8 (Lindsley and Grell, 1968, Nash et al., 1981) 1-32.35 (Lindsley and Zimm, 1992)
Left of (cM)	v (Zhimulev et al., 1981)
Right of (cM)	Hmr (Hutter and Ashburner, 1987, Hutter et al., 1990)
Notes
Gene Model & Products
Please see the GBrowse view of Dmel\ras for information on other features To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form
Comments on Gene Model
	Gene model reviewed during 5.45 Gene model reviewed during 5.51 Low-frequency RNA-Seq exon junction(s) not annotated.
Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name FlyBase ID RefSeq ID Length (nt) Associated CDS (aa) ras-RA FBtr0071495  NM_167240   2519   537 ras-RC FBtr0071494  NM_167241   2321   537 ras-RE FBtr0343043     2415   537
Additional Transcript Data & Comments
Reported size (kB)	2.5, 1.9 (northern blot) (Slee and Bownes, 1995) 2.4 (northern blot) (Nash et al., 1994)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name FlyBase ID Predicted MW (kDa) Length (aa) Theoretical pI RefSeq ID GenBank protein ras-PA   FBpp0071424   57.8   537   7.49     NP_727441   AAF46622 ras-PC   FBpp0071423   57.8   537   7.49     NP_727442   AAN09265 ras-PE   FBpp0309791   57.8   537   7.49
Additional Polypeptide Data & Comments
Reported size (kDa)	537 (aa); 58 (kD predicted) (Slee and Bownes, 1995) 537 (aa) (Nash et al., 1994)
Comments	Bacterially expressed ras protein has inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase activity. (Slee and Bownes, 1995)
External Data
Linkouts
Crossreferences	InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites • IMP dehydrogenase / GMP reductase, conserved site (IPR015875) Cystathionine beta-synthase, core (IPR000644) IMP dehydrogenase/GMP reductase (IPR001093) Inosine-5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase (IPR005990) Aldolase-type TIM barrel (IPR013785)
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank	DNA sequence Protein sequence Name AA263645   AA698627   AA802898   AA802899   AA940657   AE014298 AAF46622   AE014298 AAN09265   AI109300   AI293933   AI294738   AI295097   AI456209   AI517863   AI532759   AI542056   AI543551   AJ426829   AJ426830   AJ426831   AJ426832   AJ426833   AJ426834   AJ426835   AJ426836   AJ426838   AJ426839   AQ025383   AQ025458   AQ073172   AQ073237   AW943320   AY089553 AAL90291   BG640015   BG641102   BH256407   BH256408   BH809536   BI163703   BI171347   BI173329   BI173367   BI212408   BI233237   BI237341   BI351809   BI352415   BI352649   BI353050   BI485525   BI565452   BI567928   BI581646   BI584793   BI604324   BI604758   BI607277   BI613246   BI617462   BI617909   BI618662   BI629623   BI636507   BI640359   BT125958   CA806960   CL844467   CO188135   CO188677   CO189556   CO265190   CO266268   CO269938   CO270749   CO272930   CO308761   CO337956   CZ471847   CZ472653   CZ476026   CZ476027   CZ482697   CZ486807   CZ486808   EC057849   EC072812   EC198936   EC209250   EC221942   EC226597   EC231851   EC233568   EC243910   EC249423   EC267070   EL875017   EL875018   EL875125   EL875126   EV581868   EV589282   L14847 AAA21831   L22608 AAA16839   S80430 AAB35628
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot	Q07152
UniProtKB/TrEMBL	A4V488
Mapped Features
Mapped Features have been reorganized, please see this article for details. Additional mapped features and mutations can be found on GBrowse or related reports. Type Symbol & Location Additional Notes References protein binding site FBsf0000160483 X:10,639,146..10,639,166 bound_moiety=BEAF-32-XP evidence=experimental (Bergman et al., 2005, Cuvier et al., 1998) protein binding site FBsf0000160484 X:10,639,074..10,639,092 bound_moiety=BEAF-32-XP evidence=experimental (Cuvier et al., 1998, Bergman et al., 2005) protein binding site FBsf0000160485 X:10,639,078..10,639,098 bound_moiety=Dref-XP evidence=experimental (Cuvier et al., 1998, Bergman et al., 2005)
External Data
Linkouts
Crossreferences
Expression Data
Transcript Expression
dissected tissue Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference spermatogenesis & adult stage   testis   (Slee and Bownes, 1995) in situ Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference embryonic stage 1 -- 3   organism   (Fisher et al., 2012) Comment:maternally deposited embryonic stage 7 -- 8   head mesoderm   (Fisher et al., 2012) trunk mesoderm   (Fisher et al., 2012) embryonic stage 9 -- 10   anterior endoderm   (Fisher et al., 2012) organism | faint & ubiquitous   (Fisher et al., 2012) posterior endoderm   (Fisher et al., 2012) trunk mesoderm   (Fisher et al., 2012) embryonic stage 11 -- 12   anterior midgut primordium   (Fisher et al., 2012) dorsal pharyngeal muscle primordium   (Fisher et al., 2012) organism | faint & ubiquitous   (Fisher et al., 2012) posterior midgut primordium   (Fisher et al., 2012) somatic muscle primordium   (Fisher et al., 2012) Comment:reported as muscle system primordium visceral muscle primordium   (Fisher et al., 2012) Comment:reported as muscle system primordium embryonic stage 13 -- 16   dorsal pharyngeal muscle   (Fisher et al., 2012) embryonic/larval midgut   (Fisher et al., 2012) embryonic/larval muscle system   (Fisher et al., 2012) organism | faint & ubiquitous   (Fisher et al., 2012) northern blot Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference embryonic stage -- adult stage     (Slee and Bownes, 1995) oogenesis & adult stage | female   ovary   (Slee and Bownes, 1995) spermatogenesis & adult stage   testis   (Slee and Bownes, 1995)
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Polypeptide Expression
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
Subcellular Localization (GO Cellular Component)
CV term Evidence References
Expression Deduced from Reporters
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools
Reference	See Gelbart and Emmert, 2010.10.13 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
FlyAtlas Anatomy Microarray
FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data (FlyAtlas-RNA.adult) (FlyAtlas-RNA.larva)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap Back-to-back    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High level expression bin max Very high expression bin max Summary of FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data: Nearly all larval and adult organs/tissues expressed at moderate or high levels. Expression at high levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult head, adult eye, larval/adult central nervous system, larval hindgut, larval/adult Malpighian tubules, larval/adult fat body, larval salivary gland, larval trachea, adult female reproductive system, adult male accessory gland, larval carcass. Expression at moderate levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult brain, adult crop, larval/adult midgut, adult hindgut, adult heart, adult salivary gland, adult carcass. [download data (TSV)] Guide to FlyAtlas expression level colors   No expression (0 - 9.999)   Low expression (10 - 99.999)   Moderate expression (100 - 499.999)   High level expression (500 - 999.999)   Very high expression (>999.999) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    691.65 Larval Midgut    251.7 Larval Hindgut    526.4 Larval Malpighian Tubules    1812 Larval Fat Body    2888.5 Larval Salivary Gland    500.2 Larval Trachea    617.25 Larval Carcass    790.8 Adult Head    529.4 Adult Eye    959 Adult Brain    465.3 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    535.3 Adult Crop    252.7 Adult Midgut    386.5 Adult Hindgut    227.8 Adult Malpighian Tubules    538.8 Adult Fat Body    789.4 Adult Salivary Gland    475.1 Adult Heart    374.85 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    1054.2 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    1197.4 Adult Ovary    981.4 Adult Testis    43.1 Adult Male Accessory Gland    724.9 Adult Carcass    497 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System  (691.65) Larval Midgut    251.7 Larval Hindgut  526.4 Larval Malpighian Tubules  (1812) Larval Fat Body  (2888.5) Larval Salivary Gland  500.2 Larval Trachea  (617.25) Larval Carcass  (790.8) Adult Head  529.4 Adult Eye  (959) Adult Brain    465.3 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion  535.3 Adult Crop    252.7 Adult Midgut    386.5 Adult Hindgut    227.8 Adult Malpighian Tubules  538.8 Adult Fat Body  (789.4) Adult Salivary Gland    475.1 Adult Heart    374.85 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca  (1054.2) Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca  (1197.4) Adult Ovary  (981.4) Adult Testis    43.1 Adult Male Accessory Gland  (724.9) Adult Carcass    497 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High  Linear, scaled to High level expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    691.65 Larval Midgut    251.7 Larval Hindgut    526.4 Larval Malpighian Tubules  (1812) Larval Fat Body  (2888.5) Larval Salivary Gland    500.2 Larval Trachea    617.25 Larval Carcass    790.8 Adult Head    529.4 Adult Eye    959 Adult Brain    465.3 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    535.3 Adult Crop    252.7 Adult Midgut    386.5 Adult Hindgut    227.8 Adult Malpighian Tubules    538.8 Adult Fat Body    789.4 Adult Salivary Gland    475.1 Adult Heart    374.85 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca  1054.2 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca  (1197.4) Adult Ovary    981.4 Adult Testis    43.1 Adult Male Accessory Gland    724.9 Adult Carcass    497 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Very high expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    691.65 Larval Midgut    251.7 Larval Hindgut    526.4 Larval Malpighian Tubules    1812 Larval Fat Body    2888.5 Larval Salivary Gland    500.2 Larval Trachea    617.25 Larval Carcass    790.8 Adult Head    529.4 Adult Eye    959 Adult Brain    465.3 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    535.3 Adult Crop    252.7 Adult Midgut    386.5 Adult Hindgut    227.8 Adult Malpighian Tubules    538.8 Adult Fat Body    789.4 Adult Salivary Gland    475.1 Adult Heart    374.85 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    1054.2 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    1197.4 Adult Ovary    981.4 Adult Testis    43.1 Adult Male Accessory Gland    724.9 Adult Carcass    497 Expression Level Scale  Very high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    691.65 Larval Midgut    251.7 Larval Hindgut    526.4 Larval Malpighian Tubules    1812 Larval Fat Body    2888.5 Larval Salivary Gland    500.2 Larval Trachea    617.25 Larval Carcass    790.8 Adult Head    529.4 Adult Eye    959 Adult Brain    465.3 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    535.3 Adult Crop    252.7 Adult Midgut    386.5 Adult Hindgut    227.8 Adult Malpighian Tubules    538.8 Adult Fat Body    789.4 Adult Salivary Gland    475.1 Adult Heart    374.85 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    1054.2 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    1197.4 Adult Ovary    981.4 Adult Testis    43.1 Adult Male Accessory Gland    724.9 Adult Carcass    497 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  log, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System  691.65 Larval Midgut    251.7 Larval Hindgut  526.4 Larval Malpighian Tubules  (1812) Larval Fat Body  (2888.5) Larval Salivary Gland  500.2 Larval Trachea  617.25 Larval Carcass  790.8 Adult Head  529.4 Adult Eye  (959) Adult Brain    465.3 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion  535.3 Adult Crop    252.7 Adult Midgut    386.5 Adult Hindgut    227.8 Adult Malpighian Tubules  538.8 Adult Fat Body  789.4 Adult Salivary Gland    475.1 Adult Heart    374.85 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca  (1054.2) Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca  (1197.4) Adult Ovary  (981.4) Adult Testis    43.1 Adult Male Accessory Gland  724.9 Adult Carcass    497 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High  log, scaled to High level expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    691.65 Larval Midgut    251.7 Larval Hindgut    526.4 Larval Malpighian Tubules  (1812) Larval Fat Body  (2888.5) Larval Salivary Gland    500.2 Larval Trachea    617.25 Larval Carcass    790.8 Adult Head    529.4 Adult Eye    959 Adult Brain    465.3 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    535.3 Adult Crop    252.7 Adult Midgut    386.5 Adult Hindgut    227.8 Adult Malpighian Tubules    538.8 Adult Fat Body    789.4 Adult Salivary Gland    475.1 Adult Heart    374.85 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca  1054.2 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca  1197.4 Adult Ovary    981.4 Adult Testis    43.1 Adult Male Accessory Gland    724.9 Adult Carcass    497 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  log, scaled to Very high expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    691.65 Larval Midgut    251.7 Larval Hindgut    526.4 Larval Malpighian Tubules    1812 Larval Fat Body    2888.5 Larval Salivary Gland    500.2 Larval Trachea    617.25 Larval Carcass    790.8 Adult Head    529.4 Adult Eye    959 Adult Brain    465.3 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    535.3 Adult Crop    252.7 Adult Midgut    386.5 Adult Hindgut    227.8 Adult Malpighian Tubules    538.8 Adult Fat Body    789.4 Adult Salivary Gland    475.1 Adult Heart    374.85 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    1054.2 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    1197.4 Adult Ovary    981.4 Adult Testis    43.1 Adult Male Accessory Gland    724.9 Adult Carcass    497 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  Heatmap Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System     Larval Midgut     Larval Hindgut     Larval Malpighian Tubules     Larval Fat Body     Larval Salivary Gland     Larval Trachea     Larval Carcass     Adult Head     Adult Eye     Adult Brain     Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion     Adult Crop     Adult Midgut     Adult Hindgut     Adult Malpighian Tubules     Adult Fat Body     Adult Salivary Gland     Adult Heart     Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca     Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca     Adult Ovary     Adult Testis     Adult Male Accessory Gland     Adult Carcass     FlyAtlas Organ/Tissue Expression, larval vs. adult Larval Expression Level Tissue Adult Expression Level   NA  Head    529.4   NA  Eye    959   NA  Brain    465.3   691.65  Central Nervous System    NA   NA  Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    535.3   NA  Crop    252.7   251.7  Midgut    386.5   526.4  Hindgut    227.8   1812  Malpighian Tubules    538.8   2888.5  Fat Body    789.4   500.2  Salivary Gland    475.1   NA  Heart    374.85   617.25  Trachea    NA   NA  VirginFemale Spermatheca    1054.2   NA  InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    1197.4   NA  Ovary    981.4   NA  Testis    43.1   NA  Male Accessory Gland    724.9   790.8  Carcass    497 FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data (Chintapalli et al., 2007)
modENCODE Anatomy RNA-Seq
modENCODE Tissue Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_tissues)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    26 central nervous system, larvae L3    36 central nervous system, pupae P8    16 head, virgin 1-day female    29 head, virgin 4-day female    22 head, virgin 20-day female    22 head, mated 1-day female    19 head, mated 4-day female    26 head, mated 20-day female    19 head, mated 1-day male    27 head, mated 4-day male    26 head, mated 20-day male    23 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    8 salivary gland, white prepupae    78 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    32 digestive system, 1-day adult    12 digestive system, 4-day adult    16 digestive system, 20-day adult    17 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    33 fat body, white prepupae    99 fat body, pupae P8    12 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    66 carcass, 1-day adult    13 carcass, 4-day adult    20 carcass, 20-day adult    17 ovary, virgin 4-day female    68 ovary, mated 4-day female    52 testis, mated 4-day male    3 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    11 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering  26 central nervous system, larvae L3  (36) central nervous system, pupae P8    16 head, virgin 1-day female  (29) head, virgin 4-day female    22 head, virgin 20-day female    22 head, mated 1-day female    19 head, mated 4-day female  26 head, mated 20-day female    19 head, mated 1-day male  (27) head, mated 4-day male  26 head, mated 20-day male    23 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    8 salivary gland, white prepupae  (78) digestive system, larvae L3 wandering  (32) digestive system, 1-day adult    12 digestive system, 4-day adult    16 digestive system, 20-day adult    17 fat body, larvae L3 wandering  (33) fat body, white prepupae  (99) fat body, pupae P8    12 carcass, larvae L3 wandering  (66) carcass, 1-day adult    13 carcass, 4-day adult    20 carcass, 20-day adult    17 ovary, virgin 4-day female  (68) ovary, mated 4-day female  (52) testis, mated 4-day male    3 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    11 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    26 central nervous system, larvae L3    36 central nervous system, pupae P8    16 head, virgin 1-day female    29 head, virgin 4-day female    22 head, virgin 20-day female    22 head, mated 1-day female    19 head, mated 4-day female    26 head, mated 20-day female    19 head, mated 1-day male    27 head, mated 4-day male    26 head, mated 20-day male    23 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    8 salivary gland, white prepupae    78 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    32 digestive system, 1-day adult    12 digestive system, 4-day adult    16 digestive system, 20-day adult    17 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    33 fat body, white prepupae    99 fat body, pupae P8    12 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    66 carcass, 1-day adult    13 carcass, 4-day adult    20 carcass, 20-day adult    17 ovary, virgin 4-day female    68 ovary, mated 4-day female    52 testis, mated 4-day male    3 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    11 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    26 central nervous system, larvae L3    36 central nervous system, pupae P8    16 head, virgin 1-day female    29 head, virgin 4-day female    22 head, virgin 20-day female    22 head, mated 1-day female    19 head, mated 4-day female    26 head, mated 20-day female    19 head, mated 1-day male    27 head, mated 4-day male    26 head, mated 20-day male    23 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    8 salivary gland, white prepupae    78 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    32 digestive system, 1-day adult    12 digestive system, 4-day adult    16 digestive system, 20-day adult    17 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    33 fat body, white prepupae    99 fat body, pupae P8    12 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    66 carcass, 1-day adult    13 carcass, 4-day adult    20 carcass, 20-day adult    17 ovary, virgin 4-day female    68 ovary, mated 4-day female    52 testis, mated 4-day male    3 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    11 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    26 central nervous system, larvae L3    36 central nervous system, pupae P8    16 head, virgin 1-day female    29 head, virgin 4-day female    22 head, virgin 20-day female    22 head, mated 1-day female    19 head, mated 4-day female    26 head, mated 20-day female    19 head, mated 1-day male    27 head, mated 4-day male    26 head, mated 20-day male    23 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    8 salivary gland, white prepupae    78 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    32 digestive system, 1-day adult    12 digestive system, 4-day adult    16 digestive system, 20-day adult    17 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    33 fat body, white prepupae    99 fat body, pupae P8    12 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    66 carcass, 1-day adult    13 carcass, 4-day adult    20 carcass, 20-day adult    17 ovary, virgin 4-day female    68 ovary, mated 4-day female    52 testis, mated 4-day male    3 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    11 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering  26 central nervous system, larvae L3  (36) central nervous system, pupae P8    16 head, virgin 1-day female  29 head, virgin 4-day female    22 head, virgin 20-day female    22 head, mated 1-day female    19 head, mated 4-day female  26 head, mated 20-day female    19 head, mated 1-day male  27 head, mated 4-day male  26 head, mated 20-day male    23 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    8 salivary gland, white prepupae  (78) digestive system, larvae L3 wandering  32 digestive system, 1-day adult    12 digestive system, 4-day adult    16 digestive system, 20-day adult    17 fat body, larvae L3 wandering  (33) fat body, white prepupae  (99) fat body, pupae P8    12 carcass, larvae L3 wandering  (66) carcass, 1-day adult    13 carcass, 4-day adult    20 carcass, 20-day adult    17 ovary, virgin 4-day female  (68) ovary, mated 4-day female  (52) testis, mated 4-day male    3 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    11 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    26 central nervous system, larvae L3    36 central nervous system, pupae P8    16 head, virgin 1-day female    29 head, virgin 4-day female    22 head, virgin 20-day female    22 head, mated 1-day female    19 head, mated 4-day female    26 head, mated 20-day female    19 head, mated 1-day male    27 head, mated 4-day male    26 head, mated 20-day male    23 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    8 salivary gland, white prepupae    78 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    32 digestive system, 1-day adult    12 digestive system, 4-day adult    16 digestive system, 20-day adult    17 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    33 fat body, white prepupae    99 fat body, pupae P8    12 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    66 carcass, 1-day adult    13 carcass, 4-day adult    20 carcass, 20-day adult    17 ovary, virgin 4-day female    68 ovary, mated 4-day female    52 testis, mated 4-day male    3 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    11 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    26 central nervous system, larvae L3    36 central nervous system, pupae P8    16 head, virgin 1-day female    29 head, virgin 4-day female    22 head, virgin 20-day female    22 head, mated 1-day female    19 head, mated 4-day female    26 head, mated 20-day female    19 head, mated 1-day male    27 head, mated 4-day male    26 head, mated 20-day male    23 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    8 salivary gland, white prepupae    78 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    32 digestive system, 1-day adult    12 digestive system, 4-day adult    16 digestive system, 20-day adult    17 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    33 fat body, white prepupae    99 fat body, pupae P8    12 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    66 carcass, 1-day adult    13 carcass, 4-day adult    20 carcass, 20-day adult    17 ovary, virgin 4-day female    68 ovary, mated 4-day female    52 testis, mated 4-day male    3 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    11 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering     central nervous system, larvae L3     central nervous system, pupae P8     head, virgin 1-day female     head, virgin 4-day female     head, virgin 20-day female     head, mated 1-day female     head, mated 4-day female     head, mated 20-day female     head, mated 1-day male     head, mated 4-day male     head, mated 20-day male     salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering     salivary gland, white prepupae     digestive system, larvae L3 wandering     digestive system, 1-day adult     digestive system, 4-day adult     digestive system, 20-day adult     fat body, larvae L3 wandering     fat body, white prepupae     fat body, pupae P8     carcass, larvae L3 wandering     carcass, 1-day adult     carcass, 4-day adult     carcass, 20-day adult     ovary, virgin 4-day female     ovary, mated 4-day female     testis, mated 4-day male     accessory gland, mated 4-day male
modENCODE Development RNA-Seq
modENCODE Temporal Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_U)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max Summary of modENCODE Temporal Expression Profile: Temporal profile ranges from a peak of high expression to a trough of moderate expression. Peak expression observed within 00-06 hour embryonic stages, at stages throughout the larval period, during early pupal stages, in adult female stages. [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    113 embryo 02-04hr    7 embryo 04-06hr    11 embryo 06-08hr    26 embryo 08-10hr    36 embryo 10-12hr    49 embryo 12-14hr    30 embryo 14-16hr    32 embryo 16-18hr    27 embryo 18-20hr    24 embryo 20-22hr    45 embryo 22-24hr    34 larva L1    120 larva L2    49 larva L3 12hr old    36 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    28 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    78 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    142 white prepupae new    139 white prepupae 12hr    72 white prepupae 24hr    42 pupae 2d postWPP    36 pupae 3d postWPP    48 pupae 4d postWPP    37 adult male 01day    28 adult male 05day    28 adult male 30day    27 adult female 01day    107 adult female 05day    113 adult female 30day    112 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr  (113) embryo 02-04hr    7 embryo 04-06hr    11 embryo 06-08hr  26 embryo 08-10hr  (36) embryo 10-12hr  (49) embryo 12-14hr  (30) embryo 14-16hr  (32) embryo 16-18hr  (27) embryo 18-20hr    24 embryo 20-22hr  (45) embryo 22-24hr  (34) larva L1  (120) larva L2  (49) larva L3 12hr old  (36) larva L3 puffstage 1-2  (28) larva L3 puffstage 3-6  (78) larva L3 puffstage 7-9  (142) white prepupae new  (139) white prepupae 12hr  (72) white prepupae 24hr  (42) pupae 2d postWPP  (36) pupae 3d postWPP  (48) pupae 4d postWPP  (37) adult male 01day  (28) adult male 05day  (28) adult male 30day  (27) adult female 01day  (107) adult female 05day  (113) adult female 30day  (112) Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr  (113) embryo 02-04hr    7 embryo 04-06hr    11 embryo 06-08hr    26 embryo 08-10hr    36 embryo 10-12hr    49 embryo 12-14hr    30 embryo 14-16hr    32 embryo 16-18hr    27 embryo 18-20hr    24 embryo 20-22hr    45 embryo 22-24hr    34 larva L1  (120) larva L2    49 larva L3 12hr old    36 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    28 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    78 larva L3 puffstage 7-9  (142) white prepupae new  (139) white prepupae 12hr    72 white prepupae 24hr    42 pupae 2d postWPP    36 pupae 3d postWPP    48 pupae 4d postWPP    37 adult male 01day    28 adult male 05day    28 adult male 30day    27 adult female 01day  107 adult female 05day  (113) adult female 30day  (112) Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    113 embryo 02-04hr    7 embryo 04-06hr    11 embryo 06-08hr    26 embryo 08-10hr    36 embryo 10-12hr    49 embryo 12-14hr    30 embryo 14-16hr    32 embryo 16-18hr    27 embryo 18-20hr    24 embryo 20-22hr    45 embryo 22-24hr    34 larva L1    120 larva L2    49 larva L3 12hr old    36 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    28 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    78 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    142 white prepupae new    139 white prepupae 12hr    72 white prepupae 24hr    42 pupae 2d postWPP    36 pupae 3d postWPP    48 pupae 4d postWPP    37 adult male 01day    28 adult male 05day    28 adult male 30day    27 adult female 01day    107 adult female 05day    113 adult female 30day    112 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    113 embryo 02-04hr    7 embryo 04-06hr    11 embryo 06-08hr    26 embryo 08-10hr    36 embryo 10-12hr    49 embryo 12-14hr    30 embryo 14-16hr    32 embryo 16-18hr    27 embryo 18-20hr    24 embryo 20-22hr    45 embryo 22-24hr    34 larva L1    120 larva L2    49 larva L3 12hr old    36 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    28 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    78 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    142 white prepupae new    139 white prepupae 12hr    72 white prepupae 24hr    42 pupae 2d postWPP    36 pupae 3d postWPP    48 pupae 4d postWPP    37 adult male 01day    28 adult male 05day    28 adult male 30day    27 adult female 01day    107 adult female 05day    113 adult female 30day    112 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Moderate expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr  (113) embryo 02-04hr    7 embryo 04-06hr    11 embryo 06-08hr  26 embryo 08-10hr  (36) embryo 10-12hr  (49) embryo 12-14hr  30 embryo 14-16hr  32 embryo 16-18hr  27 embryo 18-20hr    24 embryo 20-22hr  (45) embryo 22-24hr  (34) larva L1  (120) larva L2  (49) larva L3 12hr old  (36) larva L3 puffstage 1-2  28 larva L3 puffstage 3-6  (78) larva L3 puffstage 7-9  (142) white prepupae new  (139) white prepupae 12hr  (72) white prepupae 24hr  (42) pupae 2d postWPP  (36) pupae 3d postWPP  (48) pupae 4d postWPP  (37) adult male 01day  28 adult male 05day  28 adult male 30day  27 adult female 01day  (107) adult female 05day  (113) adult female 30day  (112) Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr  113 embryo 02-04hr    7 embryo 04-06hr    11 embryo 06-08hr    26 embryo 08-10hr    36 embryo 10-12hr    49 embryo 12-14hr    30 embryo 14-16hr    32 embryo 16-18hr    27 embryo 18-20hr    24 embryo 20-22hr    45 embryo 22-24hr    34 larva L1  120 larva L2    49 larva L3 12hr old    36 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    28 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    78 larva L3 puffstage 7-9  142 white prepupae new  139 white prepupae 12hr    72 white prepupae 24hr    42 pupae 2d postWPP    36 pupae 3d postWPP    48 pupae 4d postWPP    37 adult male 01day    28 adult male 05day    28 adult male 30day    27 adult female 01day  107 adult female 05day  113 adult female 30day  112 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    113 embryo 02-04hr    7 embryo 04-06hr    11 embryo 06-08hr    26 embryo 08-10hr    36 embryo 10-12hr    49 embryo 12-14hr    30 embryo 14-16hr    32 embryo 16-18hr    27 embryo 18-20hr    24 embryo 20-22hr    45 embryo 22-24hr    34 larva L1    120 larva L2    49 larva L3 12hr old    36 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    28 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    78 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    142 white prepupae new    139 white prepupae 12hr    72 white prepupae 24hr    42 pupae 2d postWPP    36 pupae 3d postWPP    48 pupae 4d postWPP    37 adult male 01day    28 adult male 05day    28 adult male 30day    27 adult female 01day    107 adult female 05day    113 adult female 30day    112 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr     embryo 02-04hr     embryo 04-06hr     embryo 06-08hr     embryo 08-10hr     embryo 10-12hr     embryo 12-14hr     embryo 14-16hr     embryo 16-18hr     embryo 18-20hr     embryo 20-22hr     embryo 22-24hr     larva L1     larva L2     larva L3 12hr old     larva L3 puffstage 1-2     larva L3 puffstage 3-6     larva L3 puffstage 7-9     white prepupae new     white prepupae 12hr     white prepupae 24hr     pupae 2d postWPP     pupae 3d postWPP     pupae 4d postWPP     adult male 01day     adult male 05day     adult male 30day     adult female 01day     adult female 05day     adult female 30day     modENCODE Temporal Expression Data (Graveley et al., 2011)
modENCODE Cell Lines RNA-Seq
modENCODE Cell Line Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_cell.A) (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_cell.B)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    33 Schneider line 2 Sg4    47 embryonic 1182-4H    31 embryonic GM2    22 embryonic Kc167    36 embryonic S1    19 embryonic S3    28 leg disc CME L1    27 wing disc CME-W2    24 wing disc ML-DmD8    34 wing disc ML-DmD9    21 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    32 wing disc ML-DmD21    42 wing disc ML-DmD32    24 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    26 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    37 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    15 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    26 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    21 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    30 tumorous blood cells mbn2    27 ovary fGS/OSS    18 ovary OSC    10 ovary OSS    8 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+  (33) Schneider line 2 Sg4  (47) embryonic 1182-4H  (31) embryonic GM2    22 embryonic Kc167  (36) embryonic S1    19 embryonic S3  (28) leg disc CME L1  (27) wing disc CME-W2    24 wing disc ML-DmD8  (34) wing disc ML-DmD9    21 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3  (32) wing disc ML-DmD21  (42) wing disc ML-DmD32    24 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3  26 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11  (37) antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    15 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1  26 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    21 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2  (30) tumorous blood cells mbn2  (27) ovary fGS/OSS    18 ovary OSC    10 ovary OSS    8 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    33 Schneider line 2 Sg4    47 embryonic 1182-4H    31 embryonic GM2    22 embryonic Kc167    36 embryonic S1    19 embryonic S3    28 leg disc CME L1    27 wing disc CME-W2    24 wing disc ML-DmD8    34 wing disc ML-DmD9    21 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    32 wing disc ML-DmD21    42 wing disc ML-DmD32    24 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    26 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    37 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    15 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    26 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    21 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    30 tumorous blood cells mbn2    27 ovary fGS/OSS    18 ovary OSC    10 ovary OSS    8 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    33 Schneider line 2 Sg4    47 embryonic 1182-4H    31 embryonic GM2    22 embryonic Kc167    36 embryonic S1    19 embryonic S3    28 leg disc CME L1    27 wing disc CME-W2    24 wing disc ML-DmD8    34 wing disc ML-DmD9    21 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    32 wing disc ML-DmD21    42 wing disc ML-DmD32    24 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    26 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    37 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    15 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    26 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    21 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    30 tumorous blood cells mbn2    27 ovary fGS/OSS    18 ovary OSC    10 ovary OSS    8 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    33 Schneider line 2 Sg4    47 embryonic 1182-4H    31 embryonic GM2    22 embryonic Kc167    36 embryonic S1    19 embryonic S3    28 leg disc CME L1    27 wing disc CME-W2    24 wing disc ML-DmD8    34 wing disc ML-DmD9    21 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    32 wing disc ML-DmD21    42 wing disc ML-DmD32    24 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    26 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    37 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    15 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    26 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    21 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    30 tumorous blood cells mbn2    27 ovary fGS/OSS    18 ovary OSC    10 ovary OSS    8 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High  log, scaled to Moderate expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+  (33) Schneider line 2 Sg4  (47) embryonic 1182-4H  31 embryonic GM2    22 embryonic Kc167  (36) embryonic S1    19 embryonic S3  28 leg disc CME L1  27 wing disc CME-W2    24 wing disc ML-DmD8  (34) wing disc ML-DmD9    21 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3  32 wing disc ML-DmD21  (42) wing disc ML-DmD32    24 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3  26 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11  (37) antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    15 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1  26 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    21 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2  30 tumorous blood cells mbn2  27 ovary fGS/OSS    18 ovary OSC    10 ovary OSS    8 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    33 Schneider line 2 Sg4    47 embryonic 1182-4H    31 embryonic GM2    22 embryonic Kc167    36 embryonic S1    19 embryonic S3    28 leg disc CME L1    27 wing disc CME-W2    24 wing disc ML-DmD8    34 wing disc ML-DmD9    21 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    32 wing disc ML-DmD21    42 wing disc ML-DmD32    24 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    26 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    37 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    15 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    26 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    21 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    30 tumorous blood cells mbn2    27 ovary fGS/OSS    18 ovary OSC    10 ovary OSS    8 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    33 Schneider line 2 Sg4    47 embryonic 1182-4H    31 embryonic GM2    22 embryonic Kc167    36 embryonic S1    19 embryonic S3    28 leg disc CME L1    27 wing disc CME-W2    24 wing disc ML-DmD8    34 wing disc ML-DmD9    21 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    32 wing disc ML-DmD21    42 wing disc ML-DmD32    24 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    26 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    37 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    15 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    26 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    21 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    30 tumorous blood cells mbn2    27 ovary fGS/OSS    18 ovary OSC    10 ovary OSS    8 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+     Schneider line 2 Sg4     embryonic 1182-4H     embryonic GM2     embryonic Kc167     embryonic S1     embryonic S3     leg disc CME L1     wing disc CME-W2     wing disc ML-DmD8     wing disc ML-DmD9     wing disc ML-DmD16-c3     wing disc ML-DmD21     wing disc ML-DmD32     haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3     eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11     antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5     mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1     CNS ML-DmBG1-c1     CNS ML-DmBG2-c2     tumorous blood cells mbn2     ovary fGS/OSS     ovary OSC     ovary OSS
modENCODE Treatments RNA-Seq
modENCODE Treatment Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_treatments)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    30 cold shock, 4-day adult    28 heat shock, 4-day adult    38 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    20 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    33 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    25 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    48 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    9 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    17 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    14 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    17 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    65 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    10 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    19 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    9 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    40 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    23 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    46 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    57 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    21 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    21 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult  (30) cold shock, 4-day adult  (28) heat shock, 4-day adult  (38) Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    20 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3  (33) Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    25 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (48) Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    9 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    17 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    14 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    17 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3  (65) Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    10 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    19 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    9 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (40) Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    23 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (46) Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (57) Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    21 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    21 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    30 cold shock, 4-day adult    28 heat shock, 4-day adult    38 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    20 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    33 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    25 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    48 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    9 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    17 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    14 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    17 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    65 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    10 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    19 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    9 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    40 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    23 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    46 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    57 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    21 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    21 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    30 cold shock, 4-day adult    28 heat shock, 4-day adult    38 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    20 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    33 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    25 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    48 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    9 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    17 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    14 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    17 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    65 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    10 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    19 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    9 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    40 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    23 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    46 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    57 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    21 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    21 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    30 cold shock, 4-day adult    28 heat shock, 4-day adult    38 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    20 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    33 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    25 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    48 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    9 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    17 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    14 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    17 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    65 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    10 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    19 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    9 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    40 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    23 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    46 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    57 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    21 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    21 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High  log, scaled to Moderate expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult  30 cold shock, 4-day adult  28 heat shock, 4-day adult  (38) Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    20 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3  (33) Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    25 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (48) Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    9 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    17 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    14 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    17 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3  (65) Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    10 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    19 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    9 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (40) Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    23 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (46) Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (57) Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    21 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    21 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    30 cold shock, 4-day adult    28 heat shock, 4-day adult    38 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    20 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    33 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    25 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    48 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    9 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    17 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    14 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    17 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    65 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    10 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    19 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    9 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    40 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    23 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    46 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    57 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    21 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    21 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    30 cold shock, 4-day adult    28 heat shock, 4-day adult    38 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    20 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    33 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    25 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    48 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    9 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    17 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    14 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    17 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    65 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    10 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    19 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    9 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    40 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    23 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    46 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    57 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    21 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    21 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult     cold shock, 4-day adult     heat shock, 4-day adult     Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3     Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3     Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3     Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3     Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3     Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3     Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3     Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3     Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3     Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3
Expression Clusters
	A cluster of genes with similar mRNA expression dynamics across development. (The modENCODE Consortium, 2010, Graveley et al., 2011) mE2_34_mRNA_expression_cluster_02 mE1_20_mRNA_expression_cluster_02
External Data & Images
Linkouts	BDGP expression data • SD11068 FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies • FBgn0003204 FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array • CG1799-RC
Alleles & Phenotypes
Summary of Allele Phenotypes
Lethality Allele lethal rasl2 rasl3 rasl4 rasl5 rasl6 rasl7 rasl8 rasl9 rasl10 rasl11 rasl12 rasl13 rasl14 rasl15 rasl16 rasl17 rasl18 rasl20 rasl21 lethal, with Scer\GAL429BD rasGS1038 lethal, with Scer\GAL4c355 rasGS1038 lethal, with Scer\GAL4hs.2sev rasGS1038 lethal | female rasG0238 lethal | larval stage rasG0002 rasG0056 rasG0098 rasG0127 rasG0351 rasG0380b rasG0388 rasG0391 rasG0474 rasG0482 lethal | larval stage | recessive rasl8 lethal | prepupal stage rasG0056 rasG0127 rasG0391 lethal | pupal stage rasG0056 rasG0127 rasG0391 rasG0436 lethal | pupal stage | heat sensitive rasl1 lethal | recessive ras122 ras124 ras125 ras126 rasD26 rasD78 rasG0002 rasG0056 rasG0098 rasG0127 rasG0351 rasG0380b rasG0388 rasG0391 rasG0436 rasG0482 rasl14 rasl15 rasl16 rasl17 rasl18 rasl19 rasl20 rasl21 rasPG87 rasPL45 rasPL66 partially lethal - majority die | recessive rasG0238 rasl19 viable ras1 ras2 ras3 ras4 rasEY11520 rasMR5B2 viable, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237 rasGD9495 Sterility Allele female sterile | partially ras79f19 female sterile | recessive ras4 fertile rasEY11520 rasMR5B2 Other Phenotypes Allele developmental rate defective rasD32 eye color defective ras1 ras2 ras3 ras4 ras79f19 rasD78 rasunspecified neuroanatomy defective ras11 rasG0002 visible | recessive ras2 ras3 ras4 ras79f19 ras122 ras124 ras125 ras126 rasD78 rasMR5B2 visible | recessive | heat sensitive rasl1 wild-type, with Scer\GAL4dpp.blk1 rasGS1038 Phenotype manifest in Allele egg | germline clone rasl8 macrochaeta rasBG01661 Malpighian tubule | heat sensitive rasl1 ovariole | germline clone rasl8 photoreceptor cell & axon rasG0002 ras11 pigment cell ras1 ras2 ras3 ras4 ras79f19 rasD78 rasunspecified pigment cell | heat sensitive rasl1 testis | heat sensitive rasl1
Classical Alleles ( 79 )
For All Classical Alleles Show
Allele of ras Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion ras1 heat-treatment spontaneous 21 Yes ras2 spontaneous 11 Yes ras4 spontaneous 4 Yes ras3 spontaneous 2 Yes rasG0002 P-element activity 2 -- rasG0056 P-element activity 2 -- rasG0098 P-element activity 2 -- rasG0351 P-element activity 2 -- rasG0380b P-element activity 2 -- rasG0391 P-element activity 2 -- rasl1 ethyl methanesulfonate 2 -- ras5-HA-1522 1 -- ras5-SZ-4112 1 -- rasCB-5715-3 1 -- rasd00858 P-element activity 1 -- rasEP1093 P-element activity 1 -- rasEY11520 P-element activity 1 -- rasf00217 piggyBac transposase 1 -- rasG0094b P-element activity 1 -- rasG0238 P-element activity 1 -- rasG0436 P-element activity 1 -- rasG0482 P-element activity 1 -- rasGS1035 1 Yes rasKG06484 P-element activity 1 -- rasNP2329 1 -- rasNP5115 1 -- rasNP7144 1 -- ras11 0 -- ras122 PM hybrid dysgenesis 0 Yes ras124 PM hybrid dysgenesis 0 Yes ras125 PM hybrid dysgenesis 0 Yes ras126 PM hybrid dysgenesis 0 Yes ras5 PM hybrid dysgenesis 0 -- ras6 PM hybrid dysgenesis 0 -- ras78f1 0 -- ras79f19 0 -- ras7 PM hybrid dysgenesis 0 -- rasBG01661 P-element activity 0 Yes rasCB-0981-3 0 -- rasd02165 P-element activity 0 -- rasd07998 P-element activity 0 -- rasD26 MR 0 -- rasD32 MR 0 -- rasD78 MR 0 -- rasEP1235 P-element activity 0 Yes rasEP1427 P-element activity 0 Yes rasEP1519 P-element activity 0 -- rasf04273 piggyBac transposase 0 -- rasG0127 P-element activity 0 -- rasG0388 P-element activity 0 -- rasG0474 P-element activity 0 -- rasGG01210 0 -- rasGG01553 0 -- rasGS1038 Delta2-3 0 Yes rasl10 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- rasl11 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- rasl12 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- rasl13 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- rasl14 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- rasl15 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- rasl16 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- rasl17 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- rasl18 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- rasl19 hypomorphic allele - genetic evidence ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- rasl20 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- rasl21 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- rasl2 X ray 0 -- rasl3 X ray 0 -- rasl4 X ray 0 -- rasl5 X ray 0 -- rasl6 X ray 0 -- rasl7 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- rasl8 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- rasl9 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- rasMR5B2 MRh12 0 -- rasPG87 Delta2-3 0 -- rasPL45 Delta2-3 0 -- rasPL66 Delta2-3 0 -- rasunspecified 0 --
Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs ( 5 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Allele of ras Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion rasGD9495 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 1 Yes rasJF01445 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 1 Yes rasJF01446 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 1 Yes rasKK107931 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 1 Yes rasNIG.1799R in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes
Aneuploid Aberrations
Duplicated in	Df(1)v63i (Craymer and Roy, 1980) Dp(1;2)v+63i (Zhang et al., 1999, Barbash et al., 2000, Lefevre, 1969, Zhimulev et al., 1981, Lefevre, 1981, Zhimulev, 1982, Nash and Janca, 1983, Eeken et al., 1985, Zhimulev et al., 1987) Dp(1;2)v+65b (Lefevre, 1981) Dp(1;2)v+75d (Zhang et al., 1999, Barbash et al., 2000, Eeken et al., 1985) Dp(1;3)DC229 (Popodi et al., 2010-, Venken et al., 2010) Dp(1;3)rasv   Dp(1;3)v+74c (Zhang et al., 1999, Eeken et al., 1985) In(1)ABLAC2R (Zhang et al., 1999)
Not disrupted in	Df(1)231c (Patterson, 1932) Df(1)247a (Patterson, 1932) Df(1)C52 (Barbash et al., 2000) Df(1)HF368 (Eeken et al., 1985) Df(1)KA7 (Zhimulev et al., 1981, Zhimulev et al., 1987) Df(1)m259-4 (Eeken et al., 1985) Df(1)N71 (Zhimulev et al., 1981, Eeken et al., 1985, Zhimulev et al., 1987) Df(1)N110 (Zhang et al., 1999, Roote, 1999.10.28, Barbash et al., 2000, Craymer and Roy, 1980) Df(1)RA37 (Zhimulev et al., 1981, Zhimulev et al., 1987) Df(1)v64f (Zhang et al., 1999, Roote, 1999.10.28, Barbash et al., 2000, Lefevre, 1969, Craymer and Roy, 1980, Zhimulev et al., 1981, Janca et al., 1986, Zhimulev et al., 1987) Df(1)v65b (Zhimulev et al., 1981) Df(1)v166 (Lefevre, 1969) Df(1)v-L1 (Lefevre, 1969, Zhimulev et al., 1981, Zhimulev et al., 1987) Df(1)v-L2 (Lefevre, 1969, Zhimulev et al., 1981, Zhimulev et al., 1987) Df(1)v-L3 (Zhang et al., 1999, Lefevre, 1969, Zhimulev et al., 1981, Eeken et al., 1985, Zhimulev et al., 1987) Df(1)v-L4 (Lefevre, 1969, Zhimulev et al., 1981, Eeken et al., 1985, Zhimulev et al., 1987) Df(1)v-M5 (Zhimulev et al., 1981, Zhimulev et al., 1987) Df(1)v-M6 (Zhimulev et al., 1981, Zhimulev et al., 1987) Df(1)v-N48 (Zhang et al., 1999) Df(1)v-P16 (Zhimulev et al., 1987) Df(1)v-P22 (Zhimulev et al., 1987) In(1)1zA (Mackensen, 1935) T(1;2)v267-4   T(1;3)lz268-29 (Bridges and Brehme, 1944)
Disrupted in	Df(1)59D3 (Zhimulev et al., 1987) Df(1)203C10 (Zhimulev et al., 1987) Df(1)428 (Nivard et al., 1996) Df(1)508 (Aguirrezabalaga et al., 1995) Df(1)510 (Aguirrezabalaga et al., 1995) Df(1)2502 (Aguirrezabalaga et al., 1995) Df(1)2508 (Aguirrezabalaga et al., 1995) Df(1)2510 (Aguirrezabalaga et al., 1995) Df(1)2512 (Aguirrezabalaga et al., 1995) Df(1)2516 (Aguirrezabalaga et al., 1995) Df(1)B13 (Zhang et al., 1999, Barbash et al., 2000) Df(1)BSC755 (Cook et al., 2009.2.28) Df(1)CH6 (Zhang et al., 1999, Barbash et al., 2000) Df(1)D79 (Eeken et al., 1985) Df(1)HC133 (Zhang et al., 1999, Roote, 1999.10.28, Barbash et al., 2000, Craymer and Roy, 1980, Zhimulev et al., 1981, Zhimulev, 1982, Zhimulev et al., 1987, Hutter et al., 1990) Df(1)ras59 (Zhang et al., 1999, Janca et al., 1986) Df(1)ras203 (Zhang et al., 1999, Barbash et al., 2000, Nash and Janca, 1983, Janca et al., 1986) Df(1)ras217 (Janca et al., 1986) Df(1)ras-P14 (Zhimulev et al., 1981, Zhimulev, 1982, Zhimulev et al., 1987) Df(1)ras-TM5 (Zhang et al., 1999) Df(1)ras-TM6 (Zhang et al., 1999) Df(1)ras-v (Lefevre, 1969) Df(1)ras-v17 (Barbash et al., 2000, Zhimulev et al., 1981, Zhimulev, 1982, Zhimulev et al., 1987) Df(1)ras-v-P26 (Zhimulev et al., 1987) Df(1)RJ7 (Roote and Zhang, 1998.12.8, Zhang et al., 1999, Barbash et al., 2000) Df(1)sbr1 (Zhimulev et al., 1981, Zhimulev, 1982, Zhimulev et al., 1987) Df(1)sbr8 (Zhimulev et al., 1981, Zhimulev, 1982, Zhimulev et al., 1987) Df(1)sbr9 (Zhimulev et al., 1981, Zhimulev, 1982, Zhimulev et al., 1987) Df(1)sbr10 (Zhimulev et al., 1981, Zhimulev, 1982, Zhimulev et al., 1987) Df(1)v63i (Zhimulev et al., 1981) Df(1)v-B151 (Zhimulev et al., 1987) Df(1)v-L6 (Lefevre, 1969) Df(1)v-L7 (Lefevre, 1969, Zhimulev et al., 1981, Zhimulev, 1982, Zhimulev et al., 1987) Df(1)v-L9 (Lefevre, 1969) Df(1)v-L10 (Lefevre, 1969) Df(1)v-L11 (Barbash et al., 2000, Lefevre, 1969, Zhimulev et al., 1981, Zhimulev, 1982, Zhimulev et al., 1987) Df(1)v-L12 (Lefevre, 1969) Df(1)v-L14 (Lefevre, 1969) Df(1)v-L15 (Barbash et al., 2000, Lefevre, 1969, Craymer and Roy, 1980, Zhimulev et al., 1981, Zhimulev, 1982, Eeken et al., 1985, Zhimulev et al., 1987) Df(1)v-M1 (Zhimulev et al., 1981, Zhimulev, 1982, Zhimulev et al., 1987) Df(1)v-M7 (Zhimulev et al., 1981, Zhimulev, 1982, Zhimulev et al., 1987) Df(1)v-P5 (Zhimulev et al., 1981, Zhimulev, 1982, Zhimulev et al., 1987) In(1)AC2LABR (Zhang et al., 1999, Barbash et al., 2000) T(1;2;3)vL8 (Lefevre, 1969) T(1;2)ras-TM3 (Zhang et al., 1999) T(1;3)vL13 (Lefevre, 1969)
Not duplicated in	Dp(1;2)v+65b (Lefevre, 1969, Eeken et al., 1985, Zhimulev et al., 1987) Dp(1;Y)dsh+y+ (Zhimulev et al., 1987) Dp(1;Y)v+y+ (Zhang et al., 1999, Zhimulev et al., 1981, Zhimulev et al., 1987) Dp(1;Y)v+y+366 (Zhimulev et al., 1987) Dp(1;Y)v+y+U15 (Zhimulev et al., 1987) Dp(1;Y)y+v+#3 (Eeken et al., 1985) Dp(1;Y)y+v+BS#3 (Schalet, 1969)
Transgenic Constructs & Insertions
Transgenic Constructs
	Type of construct Name Expression data UAS construct P{GD9495} NA P{KK107931} NA P{NIG.1799R} NA P{TRiP.JF01445} NA P{TRiP.JF01446} NA
Insertions
	Type of insertions Name Expression data miscellaneous insertions P{}ras124 NA P{}ras125 NA P{}ras126 NA P{GT1}rasBG01661 NA P{RS3}rasCB-0981-3 NA P{RS3}rasCB-5715-3 NA P{RS5}ras5-HA-1522 NA P{RS5}ras5-SZ-4112 NA P{SUPor-P}CG32676KG00836 NA P{SUPor-P}rasKG06484 NA PBac{WH}rasf00217 NA PBac{WH}rasf04273 NA insertion of mobile activating element P{EP}rasEP1093 NA P{EP}rasEP1235 NA P{EP}rasEP1427 NA P{EP}rasEP1519 NA P{EPgy2}CG32676EY11520 NA P{GSV1}EP-165EP-165 NA P{GSV1}rasGS1035 NA P{GSV1}rasGS1038 NA P{Mae-UAS.6.11}rasGG01210 NA P{Mae-UAS.6.11}rasGG01553 NA P{XP}rasd00858 NA P{XP}rasd02165 NA P{XP}rasd07998 NA insertion of enhancer trap binary system P{GawB}rasNP2329 No P{GawB}rasNP5115 No P{GawB}rasNP7144 No P{GawB}rasPG87 No insertion of enhancer trap P{lacW}l(1)G0324G0324 No P{lacW}rasG0002 No P{lacW}rasG0056 No P{lacW}rasG0094b No P{lacW}rasG0098 No P{lacW}rasG0127 No P{lacW}rasG0238 No P{lacW}rasG0351 No P{lacW}rasG0380b No P{lacW}rasG0388 No P{lacW}rasG0391 No P{lacW}rasG0436 No P{lacW}rasG0474 No P{lacW}rasG0482 No P{lacW}rasPL45 No P{lacW}rasPL66 No
Gene Ontology: Function, Process & Cellular Component ( 7 unique terms )
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence ( 2 terms )
Molecular Function ( 0 terms)
Biological Process
CV term Evidence References
axon guidance inferred from mutant phenotype (Long et al., 2006) phagocytosis, engulfment inferred from mutant phenotype (Stroschein-Stevenson et al., 2006)
Cellular Component ( 0 terms)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions ( 5 terms )
Molecular Function
CV term Evidence References
IMP dehydrogenase activity inferred from sequence or structural similarity with mouse Impdh1 (FlyBase, 1992-) non-traceable author statement (Nash, 1993)
Biological Process
CV term Evidence References
GMP biosynthetic process non-traceable author statement (Swiss-Prot Project Members, 1995.6.1) oogenesis traceable author statement (Perrimon et al., 1986) oxidation-reduction process inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR001093, InterPro:IPR005990, InterPro:IPR015875, InterPro:IPR018529 (FlyBase Curators et al., 2004-) purine nucleotide biosynthetic process inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR005990 (FlyBase Curators et al., 2004-)
Cellular Component ( 0 terms)
Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene
	gene_with_edited_transcript (Graveley et al., 2011) nuclear_gene   protein_coding_gene
Interactions & Pathways
Summary of Physical Interactions
Summary of Genetic Interactions
Interacts with	Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions ras allele Gene References rasEP1093 pnr (Pena-Rangel et al., 2002) unspecified H (Mueller et al., 2005) L (Singh et al., 2005) pbl (Gregory et al., 2007)
External Data
Linkouts	BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions • 68684 DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions. • FBgn0003204 InterologFinder Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets. • 43873
Orthologs
OrthoDB Orthologs (45) - based on analysis using Dmel annotation version 5.41
OrthoDB Ortholog Groups
	OrthoDB orthology group searches (Waterhouse et al., 2011, Nucleic Acids Res. 39(Database issue): D283--D288) Drosophila inclusive ortholog search EOG6BCF6M Dipteran inclusive ortholog search EOG6RV30P Insect inclusive ortholog search EOG6J9KV2 Arthropod inclusive ortholog search EOG6MPG5B Metazoa inclusive ortholog search EOG6M6JBK
Orthologs in Drosophila Species (EOG6BCF6M)
Organism Common Name Gene AAA Syntenic Ortholog Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly  Dmel\ras     Drosophila simulans   Dsim\GD16985 Y   Drosophila sechellia   Dsec\GM11429 Y   Drosophila erecta   Dere\GG18365 Y   Drosophila yakuba   Dyak\GE17853 Y   Drosophila ananassae   Dana\GF21436 Y   Drosophila pseudoobscura pseudoobscura   Dpse\GA14756 Y   Drosophila persimilis   Dper\GL26729 Y   Drosophila willistoni   Dwil\GK10285 Y   Drosophila virilis   Dvir\GJ14720 Y   Drosophila mojavensis   Dmoj\GI15433 Y   Drosophila grimshawi   Dgri\GH12599 Y
Orthologs in non-Drosophila Dipterans (EOG6RV30P)
Organism Common Name Gene Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Aedes aegypti Yellow fever mosquito  Aaeg\AAEL009273   Anopheles gambiae Malaria mosquito  Agam\AGAP011133   Culex quinquefasciatus Southern house mosquito  Cqui\CPIJ011687
Orthologs in non-Dipteran Insects (EOG6J9KV2)
Organism Common Name Gene Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Apis mellifera Western honey bee  Amel\ras   Nasonia vitripennis Parasitic wasp  Nvit\Nasvi2EG030445   Acromyrmex echinatior Panamanian leafcutter ant  Aech\AECH13797   Atta cephalotes Leafcutter ant  Acep\ACEP19234   Camponotus floridanus Florida carpenter ant  Cflo\CFLO14357   Harpegnathos saltator Jerdons jumping ant  Hsal\HSAL16925   Linepithema humile Argentine ant  Lhum\LH19908   Pogonomyrmex barbatus Red harvester ant  Pbar\PB12158   Solenopsis invicta Red fire ant  Sinv\SINV24634   Solenopsis invicta Red fire ant  Sinv\SINV10816   Acyrthosiphon pisum Pea aphid  Apim\ACYPI004360   Bombyx mori Silkmoth  Bmor\BGIBMGA001035   Pediculus humanus Human body louse  Phum\PHUM147620   Pediculus humanus Human body louse  Phum\PHUM097460   Tribolium castaneum Red flour beetle  Tcas\GLEAN_05099
Orthologs in non-Insect Arthropods (EOG6MPG5B)
Organism Common Name Gene Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Daphnia pulex Water flea  Dpux\JGI_V11_218652   Ixodes scapularis Deer tick  Isca\ISCW001657
Orthologs in non-Arthropod Metazoa (EOG6M6JBK)
Organism Common Name Gene Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Caenorhabditis elegans Nematode  Cele\T22D1.3   Strongylocentrotus purpuratus Purple sea urchin  Spur\SPU_005852gn   Danio rerio Zebrafish  Drer\impdh2   Danio rerio Zebrafish  Drer\impdh1a   Xenopus tropicalis Western clawed frog  Xtro\impdh2   Xenopus tropicalis Western clawed frog  Xtro\impdh1   Gallus gallus Domestic chicken  Ggal\IMPDH2   Mus musculus House mouse  Mmus\Impdh1   Mus musculus House mouse  Mmus\Impdh2   Rattus norvegicus Norway rat  Rnor\Impdh2   Rattus norvegicus Norway rat  Rnor\Impdh1   Homo sapiens Human  Hsap\IMPDH1   Homo sapiens Human  Hsap\ENSG00000178035
Human Orthologs (2)
Gene OMIM HGNC Hsap\IMPDH1     Hsap\ENSG00000178035
AAA Orthologs (11) based on analysis using Dmel annotation version 4.3
Organism Gene Drosophila simulans Dsim\GD16985 Drosophila sechellia Dsec\GM11429 Drosophila erecta Dere\GG18365 Drosophila yakuba Dyak\GE17853 Drosophila ananassae Dana\GF21436 Drosophila pseudoobscura pseudoobscura Dpse\GA14756 Drosophila persimilis Dper\GL26729 Drosophila willistoni Dwil\GK10285 Drosophila virilis Dvir\GJ14720 Drosophila mojavensis Dmoj\GI15433 Drosophila grimshawi Dgri\GH12599
Stocks & Reagents
Stocks Listed in FlyBase ( 72 )
Bloomington	86 ras2 87 ras3 m1 85 ras1 dy1 11284 w1118 P{EP}rasEP1093 966 Df(1)N12, ras1 v1/FM6
Harvard	- P{XP}rasd00858 - PBac{WH}rasf00217
Kyoto	105724 ras2 106332 rasl1 105723 ras1 dy1
VDRC	v100556 P{KK107931}VIE-260B v40116 w1118; P{GD9495}v40116
	More stocks available...
Genomic Clones ( 1 )
	CH221-17A11 Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete
cDNA Clones ( 68 )
	Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see GBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.
cDNA Clones, Fully Sequenced
BDGP DGC clones	LD36080 SD11068
Other clones
cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
BDGP DGC clones	GH08443 GM06537 GM06538 GM16191 GM19164 GM20202 GM22011 HL05356 LD06825 LD22195 LD42976 LP07196 LP08179 LP08627 RE03167 RE13092 RE16229 RE16270 RE17495 RE29533 RE33557 RE68871 RH19174 RH24070 RH39241 RH42358 RH47808 RH48384 RH49542 RH58521 RH63228 RH69641 RH70225 RH74305 SD04362 SD08120 SD12347 SD18206 SD23188
Other clones	9005 11835 32270 33678 35676 35906 148823 155629 299326 CK01.54A.C10 CK01.130C.B6 Dmel_dig_020455_0583_2540 Dmel_neb_013718_0407_1341 EK037652 EK041448 EK044541 EK096904 EK100130 EK108862 EK141814 EK145823 EK259258 EN15653 ESG015d.E21.1_A07 IP15069 IP15169 SD10344
RNAi & Array Information
Linkouts	DRSC - Results from RNAi screens. • FBgn0003204 GenomeRNAi - GenomeRNAi – A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents • 43873
Antibody Information
Other Information
Discoverer
Etymology
Identification
Relationship to Other Genes
Source for database identity of
Source for database merge of	Source for merge of: ras CG11485 CG1799 (Bayraktaroglu, 2000.4.17) Source for merge of: ras l(1)G0388 l(1)G0391 l(1)G0002 l(1)G0056 l(1)G0351 l(1)G0482 l(1)G0098 l(1)G0127 l(1)G0436 l(1)G0238 (Peter et al., 2002)
Additional comments
Other Comments
	S2 cells treated with dsRNA generated against this gene show reduced phagocytosis of Candida albicans compared to untreated cells. (Stroschein-Stevenson et al., 2006) Inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPD) is the product of the ras locus. (Slee and Bownes, 1995) Mutant analysis suggests that GMP synthesis from IMP is an essential process, and that activity of the ras gene product, IMPDH, is regulated in a tissue-specific manner. (Nash et al., 1994) ras is but one of four types of mutations belonging to an interrelated complex involved some way in purine metabolism: ras, a nonauxotrophic eye-color mutant; two purine auxotrophs, pur1 and gua1, which complement ras and one another; and ras lethal alleles that fail to complement completely the other three types. The complex shares genetic features with r. (Lindsley and Zimm, 1992) Defective in pteridine synthesis; eye color dark ruby. Appears to affect the level of guanosine triphosphate cyclohydrolase activity; ras alleles exhibit increased activity compared to wild type at pupariation, but decreased activity at eclosion (FBrf0031059). Not a purine auxotroph. Color autonomous in larval optic discs transplanted into wild-type hosts (FBrf0003530). ras1/ras-lethal display ras eye color. Larval Malpighian tubes nearly wildtype; not useful for classification FBrf0005752). (Lindsley and Zimm, 1992) The different temperature sensitive periods for the ras gene product, demonstrated with the rasl1 mutation, indicate tissue-specific activation of a gene at different times during development, although the possibility of activation of preformed polypeptides has not been eliminated. (Grigliatti and Suzuki, 1970)
External Crossreferences & Linkouts
Sequence Crossreferences
	RefSeq (Transcripts) • NM_167240 NM_167241 RefSeq (Proteins) • NP_727441 NP_727442 DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank • AAA16839 AAA21831 AAB35628 AAF46621 AAF46622 AAL90291 AAN09265 AGB95270 AI456209 AJ426829 AJ426830 AJ426831 AJ426832 AJ426833 AJ426834 AJ426835 AJ426836 AJ426838 AJ426839 AQ025383 AQ025458 AQ073172 AQ073237 AW943320 AY089553 BH256407 BH256408 BH809536 CL844467 CZ471847 CZ472653 CZ476026 CZ476027 CZ482697 CZ486807 CZ486808 L14847 L22608 S80430 Entrez Gene - A searchable database of RefSeq genes. • 43873 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot • Q07152 UniProtKB/TrEMBL • A4V488
Other Crossreferences
	InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites • IMP dehydrogenase / GMP reductase, conserved site (IPR015875) Cystathionine beta-synthase, core (IPR000644) IMP dehydrogenase/GMP reductase (IPR001093) Inosine-5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase (IPR005990) Aldolase-type TIM barrel (IPR013785) BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis • SD11068
Linkouts
	BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions • 68684 DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions. • FBgn0003204 DRSC - Results from RNAi screens. • FBgn0003204 FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies • FBgn0003204 FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array • CG1799-RC FlyMine - Integrated genomics database for Drosophila, Anopheles, and C.elegans • FBgn0003204 GenomeRNAi - GenomeRNAi – A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents • 43873 InterologFinder Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets. • 43873 modMine - Data generated by the modENCODE project. • FBgn0003204 REDfly - A database of transcriptional regulatory elements. • FBgn0003204
Synonyms & Secondary IDs ( 27 )
Reported As
Symbol Synonym	CG1799 (Molnar et al., 2006, Keleman et al., 2009.8.5, Ni et al., 2008) CG11485 (Norga et al., 2003, Bourbon et al., 2002, ) EP(X)1093 (Pena-Rangel et al., 2002) IMPdH (Geyer and Clark, 2002) IMPDH (Kumar and Moses, 2000, Sifri et al., 1994, Kozhevnikova et al., 2012) l(1)9Eb   l(1)G0002 (Schaefer et al., 1999.12.2, ) l(1)G0056 (Schaefer et al., 1999.3.29, Schaefer et al., 1999.6.15, ) l(1)G0098 (Schaefer et al., 1999.8.12, ) l(1)G0127 (Schaefer et al., 1999.3.29, Schaefer et al., 1999.6.15, ) l(1)G0238 (Schaefer et al., 1999.8.12, ) l(1)G0351 (Schaefer et al., 1999.8.12, ) l(1)G0380   l(1)G0388 (Schaefer et al., 1999.8.12, ) l(1)G0391 (Schaefer et al., 1999.8.12, ) l(1)G0436 (Schaefer et al., 1999.8.12, ) l(1)G0482 (Schaefer et al., 1999.12.10, ) LD02673 (Pena-Rangel et al., 2002) LD06825 (Pena-Rangel et al., 2002) ras (Long et al., 2006, Stroschein-Stevenson et al., 2006, Molnar et al., 2006, Emberly et al., 2008, Cook et al., 2009.2.28, Popodi et al., 2010-, Kim et al., 2012, Japanese National Institute of Genetics, 2012.5.21, Venken et al., 2010) ras-l   raspberry (Lindquist et al., 2011) raspberry/impd (Slee, 1996.4.1)
Name Synonym	IMP dehydrogenase (Sifri et al., 1994) inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase (Ullman, 1993.7.29) lethal (1) G0380   raspberry (Nash, 1993, Gregory et al., 2007, Stofanko et al., 2008, Beckstead et al., 2005, Lindquist et al., 2011) raspberry-lethal (Kumar and Moses, 2000, )
Secondary FlyBase IDs
	FBgn0026670 FBgn0026696 FBgn0028270 FBgn0028295 FBgn0028297 FBgn0028302 FBgn0028318 FBgn0028340 FBgn0028363 FBgn0029044 FBgn0030231 FBgn0030232 FBgn0040205
References ( 115 )
Generate a list of	All references relating to this gene ( 115 )
List References by type	Research paper  ( 67 ) Supplementary material  ( 6 ) Review  ( 1 ) Personal communication to FlyBase  ( 21 ) Abstract  ( 4 ) FlyBase analysis  ( 3 ) DNA/RNA sequence record  ( 3 ) Stock list  ( 2 ) Book  ( 3 ) Protein sequence record  ( 1 ) Website  ( 1 ) Curated genome annotation  ( 2 ) Thesis  ( 1 )
Recent research papers ( 5 )
	Kim et al., 2012, PLoS ONE 7(4): e34016 Negative Regulation of EGFR/MAPK Pathway by Pumilio in Drosophila melanogaster. [FBrf0218126] Kozhevnikova et al., 2012, Mol. Cell 47(1): 133--139 Metabolic Enzyme IMPDH Is Also a Transcription Factor Regulated by Cellular State. [FBrf0218906] Krauchunas et al., 2012, Dev. Biol. 370(1): 125--134 Protein phosphorylation changes reveal new candidates in the regulation of egg activation and early embryogenesis in D. melanogaster. [FBrf0219342] Lindquist et al., 2011, Genome Res. 21(3): 433--446 Genome-scale RNAi on living-cell microarrays identifies novel regulators of Drosophila melanogaster TORC1-S6K pathway signaling. [FBrf0213199] Morozova et al., 2011, Genetics 187(4): 1193--1205 Transcriptional networks for alcohol sensitivity in Drosophila melanogaster. [FBrf0214377] Show all research papers ...
Recent reviews (0)
	All reviews listed in FlyBase were published before 2011 Show reviews ...