FB2021_05, released October 15, 2021

Gene: Dmel\rk

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General Information
Symbol
Dmel\rk
Species
D. melanogaster
Name
rickets
Annotation Symbol
CG8930
Feature Type
protein_coding_gene
FlyBase ID
FBgn0003255
Gene Model Status
Current
Stock Availability
20 publicly available
Gene Summary
rickets (rk) encodes a G-protein coupled receptor that signals intracellularly using the second messenger cAMP. It binds the heterodimeric hormone bursicon and is developmentally important for molting-related behaviors. It is also required after adult emergence for cuticle hardening and melanization. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-14] (FlyBase Gene Snapshot)
All Summaries
Also Known As

DLGR2, DLGR-2, BG:DS00180.13 , lgr2

Key Links
Genomic Location
Cytogenetic map
34E5-34E6
Sequence location
Recombination map
2-50
RefSeq locus
NT_033779 REGION:13982743..14001248
Sequence
Get Decorated FASTA
Genomic Maps
Other Genome Views
The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.
NCBI
UCSC
Ensembl
PopFly
Function
GO Summary Ribbons
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (15 terms)
Molecular Function (3 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
enables neuropeptide receptor activity
inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:Burs; FB:FBgn0038901, FLYBASE:Pburs; FB:FBgn0264810
(Luo et al., 2005)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (3 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
enables G protein-coupled peptide receptor activity
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN001224574
(assigned by GO_Central )
(Gaudet et al., 2011)
enables neuropeptide receptor activity
inferred from sequence model
(Hewes and Taghert, 2001)
enables protein-hormone receptor activity
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR002131
(assigned by InterPro )
(FlyBase Curators et al., 2004-)
Biological Process (10 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (6 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in border follicle cell delamination
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Anllo and Schüpbach, 2016)
involved_in border follicle cell migration
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Anllo and Schüpbach, 2016)
involved_in epithelial to mesenchymal transition
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Natzle et al., 2008)
involved_in intestinal stem cell homeostasis
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Scopelliti et al., 2014)
involved_in neuropeptide signaling pathway
inferred from direct assay
(Luo et al., 2005)
involved_in regulation of chitin-based cuticle tanning
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Baker and Truman, 2002)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (4 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in activation of adenylate cyclase activity
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN001224574
(assigned by GO_Central )
(Gaudet et al., 2011)
involved_in adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN001224574
(assigned by GO_Central )
(Gaudet et al., 2011)
involved_in G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway
inferred from sequence model
(Hewes and Taghert, 2001)
involved_in hormone-mediated signaling pathway
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN001224574
(assigned by GO_Central )
(Gaudet et al., 2011)
Cellular Component (2 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
located_in integral component of plasma membrane
inferred from direct assay
(Luo et al., 2005)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
located_in integral component of membrane
inferred from sequence model
(Hewes and Taghert, 2001)
is_active_in integral component of plasma membrane
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN001224574
(assigned by GO_Central )
(Gaudet et al., 2011)
Gene Group (FlyBase)
Protein Family (UniProt)
-
Protein Signatures (InterPro)
Summaries
Gene Snapshot
rickets (rk) encodes a G-protein coupled receptor that signals intracellularly using the second messenger cAMP. It binds the heterodimeric hormone bursicon and is developmentally important for molting-related behaviors. It is also required after adult emergence for cuticle hardening and melanization. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-14]
Gene Group (FlyBase)
CLASS A GPCR NEUROPEPTIDE AND PROTEIN HORMONE RECEPTORS -
The majority of neuropeptide/protein hormone GPCR belong to the Class A family of GPCRs. The secreted ligands for this subfamily include neuropeptides, peptide hormones and protein hormones. (Adapted from FBrf0195077).
Phenotypic Description (Red Book; Lindsley and Zimm 1992)
rk: rickets (M. Ashburner)
Strong alleles have legs, especially metathoracic ones, flattened and bent. Femora and tibiae bowed in middle; first two tarsal joints shortened, bent, and flattened; last three tarsal joints almost fused. Wings unexpanded, resembling those of pu. Posterior scutellar bristles erect and crossed. Viability may be reduced. Weak alleles do not show the leg phenotype, or they overlap wild type; may have partially expanded wings and normal posterior scutellar bristles. Even strong alleles more extreme when hemizygous with rk deficiencies.
rk4
Wings unexpanded, spread, and drooping. Posterior legs malformed. Both sexes fully viable and fertile. rk4 male mates with wild-type female only if wings removed from female. Viability 60% of wild type.
rk5
Wings sometimes fully expanded and held out.
rk6
Legs weak, wings unexpanded. Viability higher at higher temperature.
rkcyl
Abdomen cylindrical; terminal segments thickened; halteres small and melanotic; legs like those of bal, but less deformed. Viability low but fertility good.
Summary (Interactive Fly)

G-protein coupled receptor expressed in the CNS and muscle - required for wing expansion, cuticle hardening and melanization

Gene Model and Products
Number of Transcripts
1
Number of Unique Polypeptides
1

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\rk for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)
Isoform displayed:
Pfam protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Protein Domains (via SMART)
Isoform displayed:
SMART protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Comments on Gene Model

Gene model reviewed during 5.52

Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene
nuclear_gene
protein_coding_gene
Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name
FlyBase ID
RefSeq ID
Length (nt)
Assoc. CDS (aa)
rk-RA
FBtr0080610
NM_057354
5386
1360
Additional Transcript Data and Comments
Reported size (kB)

5.5 (northern blot)

(Eriksen et al., 2000)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name
FlyBase ID
Predicted MW (kDa)
Length (aa)
Theoretical pI
RefSeq ID
GenBank
rk-PA
FBpp0080183
150.8
1360
8.52
NP_476702
AAF53367
Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

There is only one protein coding transcript and one polypeptide associated with this gene

Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments
Reported size (kDa)

1360 (aa)

(Eriksen et al., 2000)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
Linkouts
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\rk using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data
Crossreferences
Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
Linkouts
Expression Data
Expression Summary Ribbons
Colored tiles in ribbon indicate that expression data has been curated by FlyBase for that anatomical location. Colorless tiles indicate that there is no curated data for that location.
For complete stage-specific expression data, view the modENCODE Development RNA-Seq section under High-Throughput Expression below.
Transcript Expression
northern blot
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
embryonic stage
(Eriksen et al., 2000)
pupal stage
(Eriksen et al., 2000)
RT-PCR
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
adult stage
adult midgut muscle
(Scopelliti et al., 2014)
Additional Descriptive Data

rk transcripts are detected in pupae and in embryos, but not in larvae or adults.

(Eriksen et al., 2000)
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Polypeptide Expression
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Evidence
References
located_in integral component of plasma membrane
inferred from direct assay
(Luo et al., 2005)
Expression Deduced from Reporters
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools

GBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\rk in GBrowse 2
RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region
Bulk Downloads
RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes
Reference
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle
Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis
External Data and Images
Linkouts
BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
Images
FlyBase Wiki
Image Based Resources
Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations
Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 38 )
For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show
 
Other relevant insertions
Transgenic Constructs ( 10 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of rk
Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of rk
Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 137 )
Inferred from experimentation ( 137 )
Gene disrupted in
Df(2L)64j
(Eriksen et al., 2000, Woodruff and Ashburner, 1979, Woodruff and Ashburner, 1979, O'Donnell et al., 1977)
Df(2L)A47
(Fossett et al., 1994, Gubb et al., 1990, Ashburner et al., 1982)
Df(2L)A376
(Baker and Truman, 2002, Fossett et al., 1994, Ashburner et al., 1982)
Df(2L)Adh-nBR101
(Fossett et al., 1994)
Df(2L)Adh-nBR130
(Fossett et al., 1994)
Df(2L)b75
(Gubb et al., 1990, Woodruff and Ashburner, 1979)
Df(2L)b77c
(Roote, 1995.3.27)
Df(2L)b79b8
(Roote, 1995.3.27)
Df(2L)b80e3
(Eriksen et al., 2000, Ashburner et al., 1981)
Df(2L)b85f1A
(Roote, 1995.3.27)
Df(2L)b85f1
(Alexandrova et al., 1996)
Df(2L)b85f2
(Alexandrova et al., 1996)
Df(2L)b87e25
(Eriksen et al., 2000)
Df(2L)b91l5
(Roote, 2000.7.3)
Df(2L)b-L
(Baker and Truman, 2002, Ashburner et al., 1981)
Df(2L)BSC252
(Loveall and Deitcher, 2010, Christensen and Cook, 2007.3.22)
Df(2L)BSC253
(Christensen and Cook, 2007.3.22)
Df(2L)el80f1
(Eriksen et al., 2000)
Df(2L)fn7
(Eriksen et al., 2000, Ashburner et al., 1982, Woodruff and Ashburner, 1979, Woodruff and Ashburner, 1979, O'Donnell et al., 1977)
Df(2L)fn12
(Roote, 1996.1.11, Roote, 1996.8, Ashburner et al., 1982, Woodruff and Ashburner, 1979, O'Donnell et al., 1977)
Df(2L)fn26
(Ashburner et al., 1982, O'Donnell et al., 1977)
Df(2L)fn30
(Eriksen et al., 2000, Ashburner et al., 1982, O'Donnell et al., 1977)
Df(2L)fn31
(Ashburner et al., 1982, O'Donnell et al., 1977)
Df(2L)GT5
(Gubb et al., 1990)
Df(2L)noc11
(Roote, 1996.1.11)
Df(2L)rkw11PLPZ07130R-mr1
(Roote, 2000.6.13)
Df(2L)rkw11PLPZ07130R-mr2
(Roote, 2000.6.13)
Df(2L)rkw11PLPZ07130R-mr3
(Roote, 2000.6.13)
Df(2L)rkw11PLPZ07130R-mr4
(Roote, 2000.6.13)
Df(2L)rkw11PLPZ07130R-mr5
(Roote, 2000.6.13)
Df(2L)rkw11PLPZ07130R-mr6
(Roote, 2000.6.13)
Df(2L)rkw11PLPZ07130R-mr7
(Roote, 2000.6.13)
Df(2L)rkw11PLPZ07130R-mr8
(Roote, 2000.6.13)
Df(2L)rkw11PLPZ07130R-mr9
(Roote, 2000.6.13)
Df(2L)rkw11PLPZ07130R-mr10
(Roote, 2000.6.13)
Df(2L)rkw11PLPZ07130R-mr11
(Roote, 2000.6.13)
Df(2L)rkw11PLPZ07130R-mr12
(Roote, 2000.6.13)
Df(2L)rkw11PLPZ07130R-mr13
(Roote, 2000.6.13)
Df(2L)rkw11PLPZ07130R-mr14
(Roote, 2000.6.13)
Df(2L)rkw11PLPZ07130R-mr15
(Roote, 2000.6.13)
Df(2L)rkw11PLPZ07130R-mr16
(Roote, 2000.6.13)
Df(2L)rN149-rv3
(Roote, 2000.6.13)
Df(2L)TE35B-5
(Gubb et al., 1985)
Df(2L)TE35B-8
(Gubb et al., 1985)
Df(2L)TE35BC-6
(Gubb et al., 1984)
Df(2L)TE35BC-23
(Gubb et al., 1984)
In(2LR)D20Lnoc4R
(Roote et al., 1996)
Tp(2;Y)b88b15
(Roote, 1995.3.27)
Ts(YSt;2Lt)G74+Ts(YSt;2Rt)A80
(Woodruff and Ashburner, 1979)
Gene not disrupted in
Df(2L)A48
(Eriksen et al., 2000, Fossett et al., 1994, Gubb et al., 1990, Ashburner et al., 1982)
Df(2L)A63
(Fossett et al., 1994, Ashburner et al., 1982)
Df(2L)A72
(Fossett et al., 1994, Ashburner et al., 1982)
Df(2L)A178
(Fossett et al., 1994, Ashburner et al., 1982)
Df(2L)A215
(Fossett et al., 1994, Ashburner et al., 1982)
Df(2L)A217
(Fossett et al., 1994, Ashburner et al., 1982)
Df(2L)A220
(Fossett et al., 1994, Ashburner et al., 1982)
Df(2L)A245
(Fossett et al., 1994, Ashburner et al., 1982)
Df(2L)A246
(Fossett et al., 1994, Ashburner et al., 1982)
Df(2L)A260
(Ashburner et al., 1982)
Df(2L)A263
(Eriksen et al., 2000, Ashburner et al., 1982)
Df(2L)A264
(Fossett et al., 1994, Ashburner et al., 1982)
Df(2L)A266
(Fossett et al., 1994, Ashburner et al., 1982)
Df(2L)A267
(Fossett et al., 1994, Ashburner et al., 1982)
Df(2L)A337
(Fossett et al., 1994)
Df(2L)A377
(Ashburner et al., 1982)
Df(2L)A379
(Fossett et al., 1994, Ashburner et al., 1982)
Df(2L)A400
(Fossett et al., 1994, Ashburner et al., 1982)
Df(2L)A445
(Fossett et al., 1994, Ashburner et al., 1982)
Df(2L)Adh-nBR100
(Fossett et al., 1994)
Df(2L)Adh-nBR102
(Fossett et al., 1994)
Df(2L)Adh-nBR103
(Fossett et al., 1994)
Df(2L)Adh-nBR105
(Fossett et al., 1994)
Df(2L)Adh-nBR106
(Fossett et al., 1994)
Df(2L)Adh-nBR107
(Fossett et al., 1994)
Df(2L)Adh-nBR117
(Fossett et al., 1994)
Df(2L)Adh-nBR118
(Fossett et al., 1994)
Df(2L)Adh-nBR119
(Fossett et al., 1994)
Df(2L)Adh-nBR120
(Fossett et al., 1994)
Df(2L)Adh-nBR121
(Fossett et al., 1994)
Df(2L)Adh-nBR122
(Fossett et al., 1994)
Df(2L)Adh-nBR125
(Fossett et al., 1994)
Df(2L)Adh-nBR126
(Fossett et al., 1994)
Df(2L)Adh-nBR127
(Fossett et al., 1994)
Df(2L)Adh-nBR128
(Fossett et al., 1994)
Df(2L)Adh-nBR129
(Fossett et al., 1994)
Df(2L)Adh-nBR131
(Roote, 1996.1.11, Roote, 1996.8, Fossett et al., 1994)
Df(2L)b75
(Eriksen et al., 2000, Woodruff and Ashburner, 1979)
Df(2L)b80c1
(Ashburner et al., 1982)
Df(2L)b88f32
(Eriksen et al., 2000)
Df(2L)el20
(Roote, 1995.5.13)
Df(2L)el77
(Woodruff and Ashburner, 1979, Woodruff and Ashburner, 1979)
Df(2L)fn1
(Ashburner et al., 1982, Woodruff and Ashburner, 1979, Woodruff and Ashburner, 1979, O'Donnell et al., 1977)
Df(2L)fn2
(Ashburner et al., 1982, Woodruff and Ashburner, 1979, Woodruff and Ashburner, 1979, O'Donnell et al., 1977)
Df(2L)fn3
(Ashburner et al., 1982, Woodruff and Ashburner, 1979, Woodruff and Ashburner, 1979, O'Donnell et al., 1977)
Df(2L)fn5
(Ashburner et al., 1982, O'Donnell et al., 1977)
Df(2L)fn15
(Ashburner et al., 1982, O'Donnell et al., 1977)
Df(2L)fn27
(Ashburner et al., 1982, O'Donnell et al., 1977)
Df(2L)fn36
(Ashburner et al., 1982, O'Donnell et al., 1977)
Df(2L)GT4
(Gubb et al., 1990)
Df(2L)osp29
(Eriksen et al., 2000)
Df(2L)r10
(Eriksen et al., 2000)
Df(2L)Scorv4
(Woodruff and Ashburner, 1979, Woodruff and Ashburner, 1979)
Df(2L)Scorv10
(Woodruff and Ashburner, 1979)
Df(2L)Scorv14
(Woodruff and Ashburner, 1979)
Df(2L)TE35B-1
(Gubb et al., 1985)
Df(2L)TE35B-2
(Gubb et al., 1985)
Df(2L)TE35B-3
(Gubb et al., 1985)
Df(2L)TE35B-4
(Eriksen et al., 2000, Gubb et al., 1985)
Df(2L)TE35B-6
(Gubb et al., 1985)
Df(2L)TE35B-7
(Gubb et al., 1985)
Df(2L)TE35B-9
(Gubb et al., 1985)
Df(2L)TE35B-10
(Gubb et al., 1985)
Df(2L)TE35B-11
(Gubb et al., 1985)
Df(2L)TE35B-12
(Gubb et al., 1985)
Df(2L)TE35B-15
(Gubb et al., 1985)
Df(2L)TE35BC-1
(Gubb et al., 1984)
Df(2L)TE35BC-3
(Gubb et al., 1984)
Df(2L)TE35BC-4
(Gubb et al., 1984)
Df(2L)TE35BC-7
(Gubb et al., 1984)
Df(2L)TE35BC-8
(Gubb et al., 1984)
Df(2L)TE35BC-24
(Eriksen et al., 2000, Gubb et al., 1984)
Df(2L)TE35BC-28
(Gubb et al., 1984)
Df(2L)TE35BC-29
(Gubb et al., 1984)
Df(2L)TE35BC-31
(Gubb et al., 1984)
Df(2L)TE35BC-34
(Gubb et al., 1984)
Df(2L)TE35BC-35
(Gubb et al., 1984)
Df(2L)W
(Woodruff and Ashburner, 1979, Woodruff and Ashburner, 1979)
In(2L)75cLC158.1R
(Woodruff and Ashburner, 1979, Woodruff and Ashburner, 1979)
In(2L)75c
(Woodruff and Ashburner, 1979, Woodruff and Ashburner, 1979)
In(2L)osp22
(Eriksen et al., 2000)
In(2L)TE35B-13
(Gubb et al., 1985)
T(2;3)Scorv7
(Woodruff and Ashburner, 1979, Woodruff and Ashburner, 1979)
T(Y;2)A80DR15P
(Woodruff and Ashburner, 1979, Woodruff and Ashburner, 1979)
T(Y;2)J165DP58P
(Woodruff and Ashburner, 1979, Woodruff and Ashburner, 1979)
T(Y;2)R15DJ165P
(Woodruff and Ashburner, 1979, Woodruff and Ashburner, 1979)
Tp(2;2)A446
(Fossett et al., 1994, Ashburner et al., 1982)
Tp(2;3)dp
(Ashburner et al., 1981)
Gene not duplicated in
Dp(2;Y)b88b15
(Roote, 1996.8)
Gene partially disrupted in
Df(2L)noc11
(Roote, 1996.8)
Inferred from location ( 0 )
Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants
Phenotypes
For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.
Lethality
Allele
lethal, with Scer\GAL4Act5C.PI
lethal, with Scer\GAL4Act5C.PU
lethal, with Scer\GAL4how-24B
lethal, with Scer\GAL4T76
lethal | larval stage, with Scer\GAL4Act5C.PI
lethal | P-stage, with Scer\GAL4Act5C.PI
lethal | recessive | heat sensitive
lethal - all die before end of P-stage, with Scer\GAL469B
lethal - all die before end of P-stage, with Scer\GAL4T80
lethal - all die during embryonic stage | recessive
partially lethal
partially lethal | male
partially lethal - majority die, with Scer\GAL4Act88F.1.3
partially lethal - majority die, with Scer\GAL4ap-md544
partially lethal - majority die, with Scer\GAL4Mef2.PR
partially lethal - majority die (with Df(2L)BSC252)
viable
viable, with Dcr-2UAS.cDa, Scer\GAL4elav.PLu
viable, with Scer\GAL4Mef2.PR
viable, with Scer\GAL4MJ33a
viable, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237
viable, with Scer\GAL4tin.CΔ4
viable (with rkA376)
viable (with rkb-L)
Sterility
Allele
fertile
fertile (with rkA376)
fertile (with rkb-L)
Other Phenotypes
Allele
abnormal behavior
abnormal body color
abnormal body color, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237
abnormal cell migration | adult stage | female, with Scer\GAL4slbo.2.6
abnormal cell migration | adult stage | female | somatic clone
abnormal developmental rate
abnormal developmental rate | larval stage | conditional, with Scer\GAL4αTub84B.PL
abnormal locomotor behavior | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4C855a
abnormal mating
abnormal mating | male
decreased body size
decreased cell death
decreased cell death | adult stage
increased cell number
increased cell number, with Scer\GAL4how-24B
increased occurrence of cell division | adult stage
increased occurrence of cell division | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4how-24B
increased occurrence of cell division | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4Mef2.PU
increased occurrence of cell division | adult stage (with rk1)
increased occurrence of cell division | adult stage (with rk4)
some die during embryonic stage | recessive
some die during pharate adult stage, with Scer\GAL469B
some die during pharate adult stage, with Scer\GAL4T80
visible
visible, with Scer\GAL4Act5C.PI
visible, with Scer\GAL4Act88F.1.3
visible, with Scer\GAL4ap-md544
visible, with Scer\GAL4C855a
visible, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PU
visible, with Scer\GAL4Mef2.PR
visible (with Df(2L)BSC252)
visible | recessive
visible | recessive | heat sensitive
Phenotype manifest in
Allele
abdomen
adult cuticle
adult cuticle, with Scer\GAL469B
adult cuticle, with Scer\GAL4Act5C.PI
adult midgut
adult midgut, with Scer\GAL4how-24B
border follicle cell, with Scer\GAL4slbo.2.6
border follicle cell | somatic clone
eye, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PU
haltere
intestinal stem cell
intestinal stem cell, with Scer\GAL4how-24B
leg
leg, with Scer\GAL469B
macrochaeta
mesothoracic tergum, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237
metathoracic leg
metathoracic tarsal segment, with Scer\GAL4C855a
neurosecretory neuron
posterior scutellar bristle
pupal cuticle, with Scer\GAL4Act5C.PI
tarsal segment
tarsal segment (with Df(2L)BSC252)
tarsal segment | heat sensitive
wing
wing, with Scer\GAL469B
wing, with Scer\GAL4Act5C.PI
wing, with Scer\GAL4Act88F.1.3
wing, with Scer\GAL4ap-md544
wing, with Scer\GAL4C855a
wing, with Scer\GAL4Mef2.PR
wing (with Df(2L)BSC252)
wing | heat sensitive
Orthologs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Orthologs
Download All OrthoDB Orthologs
Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v8.0)
Homo sapiens (Human) (9)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
Isobase
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
RoundUp
TreeFam
ZFIN
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Hsap\LGR5
9 of 15
Yes
Yes
Hsap\LGR4
7 of 15
No
Yes
Hsap\LGR6
6 of 15
No
Yes
Hsap\FSHR
2 of 15
No
No
Hsap\LHCGR
2 of 15
No
No
Hsap\TSHR
2 of 15
No
No
Hsap\DRC3
1 of 15
No
No
Hsap\RXFP1
1 of 15
No
No
1  
Hsap\RXFP2
1 of 15
No
No
Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v8.0)
Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (9)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
Isobase
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
RoundUp
TreeFam
ZFIN
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Mmus\Lgr5
9 of 15
Yes
Yes
Mmus\Lgr4
6 of 15
No
Yes
Mmus\Lgr6
5 of 15
No
Yes
Mmus\Fshr
2 of 15
No
No
Mmus\Lhcgr
2 of 15
No
No
Mmus\Tshr
2 of 15
No
No
Mmus\Drc3
1 of 15
No
No
Mmus\Rxfp1
1 of 15
No
No
Mmus\Rxfp2
1 of 15
No
No
Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (9)
Rnor\Lgr5
8 of 13
Yes
Yes
Rnor\Lgr4
6 of 13
No
Yes
Rnor\Lgr6
6 of 13
No
Yes
Rnor\Fshr
2 of 13
No
No
Rnor\Lhcgr
2 of 13
No
No
Rnor\Tshr
2 of 13
No
No
Rnor\Drc3
1 of 13
No
No
Rnor\Rxfp1
1 of 13
No
No
Rnor\Rxfp2
1 of 13
No
No
Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (8)
Xtro\lgr5
5 of 12
Yes
Yes
Xtro\lgr4
3 of 12
No
Yes
Xtro\fshr
2 of 12
No
No
Xtro\tshr
2 of 12
No
No
Xtro\drc3
1 of 12
No
No
Xtro\lhcgr
1 of 12
No
No
Xtro\rxfp1
1 of 12
No
No
Xtro\rxfp2
1 of 12
No
No
Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (10)
Drer\lgr4
5 of 15
Yes
Yes
Drer\lgr6
4 of 15
No
Yes
Drer\fshr
2 of 15
No
No
Drer\lhcgr
2 of 15
No
No
Drer\tshr
2 of 15
No
No
Drer\drc3
1 of 15
No
No
Drer\rxfp1
1 of 15
No
No
Drer\rxfp2a
1 of 15
No
No
Drer\rxfp2b
1 of 15
No
No
Drer\rxfp2l
1 of 15
No
No
Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (1)
Cele\fshr-1
3 of 15
Yes
No
Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (8)
Atha\AT1G06840
1 of 9
Yes
Yes
Atha\AT1G65850
1 of 9
Yes
Yes
Atha\AT2G25790
1 of 9
Yes
Yes
Atha\AT3G44400
1 of 9
Yes
Yes
Atha\GHR1
1 of 9
Yes
No
Atha\RLP12
1 of 9
Yes
No
Atha\RLP35
1 of 9
Yes
No
Atha\RLP38
1 of 9
Yes
Yes
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (0)
No records found.
Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (0)
No records found.
Ortholog(s) in Drosophila Species (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG0919011S )
Organism
Common Name
Gene
AAA Syntenic Ortholog
Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group
Drosophila suzukii
Spotted wing Drosophila
Dsuz\DS10_00001737
Drosophila simulans
Dsim\GD22022
Drosophila sechellia
Dsec\GM14985
Drosophila erecta
Dere\GG10165
Drosophila yakuba
Dyak\GE25192
Drosophila ananassae
Dana\GF15605
Drosophila pseudoobscura pseudoobscura
Dpse\GA21416
Drosophila persimilis
Dper\GL21062
Drosophila willistoni
Dwil\GK15106
Drosophila virilis
Dvir\GJ18069
Drosophila mojavensis
Dmoj\GI17392
Drosophila grimshawi
Dgri\GH10603
Orthologs in non-Drosophila Dipterans (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG0915014V )
Organism
Common Name
Gene
Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group
Musca domestica
House fly
Mdoa\17011063
Glossina morsitans
Tsetse fly
Gmor\GMOY003161
Lucilia cuprina
Australian sheep blowfly
Lcup\FF38_00053
Mayetiola destructor
Hessian fly
Mdes\Mdes018870
Mayetiola destructor
Hessian fly
Mdes\Mdes017538
Aedes aegypti
Yellow fever mosquito
Aaeg\GPRGRK
Anopheles darlingi
American malaria mosquito
Adar\ADAC000540
Anopheles gambiae
Malaria mosquito
Agam\GPRRK
Culex quinquefasciatus
Southern house mosquito
Cqui\CPIJ011619
Orthologs in non-Dipteran Insects (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG090W03P8 )
Organism
Common Name
Gene
Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group
Bombyx mori
Silkmoth
Bmor\BGIBMGA009306
Danaus plexippus
Monarch butterfly
Dple\DPOGS205818-PA
Heliconius melpomene
Postman butterfly
Hmel\HMEL009969
Apis florea
Little honeybee
Aflo\2318555172
Apis mellifera
Western honey bee
Amel\GB45694
Bombus impatiens
Common eastern bumble bee
Bimp\BIMP19125
Bombus terrestris
Buff-tailed bumblebee
Bter\15213125
Linepithema humile
Argentine ant
Lhum\LH12571
Megachile rotundata
Alfalfa leafcutting bee
Mrot\MROTU:0016f2
Nasonia vitripennis
Parasitic wasp
Nvit\Nasvi2EG012149
Dendroctonus ponderosae
Mountain pine beetle
Dpod\YQE_00009
Tribolium castaneum
Red flour beetle
Tcas\TC008163
Pediculus humanus
Human body louse
Phum\PHUM061060
Rhodnius prolixus
Kissing bug
Rpro\RPRC001663
Cimex lectularius
Bed bug
Clec\CLEC004921
Acyrthosiphon pisum
Pea aphid
Apim\ACYPI000221
Zootermopsis nevadensis
Nevada dampwood termite
Znev\Znev_04264
Orthologs in non-Insect Arthropods (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG090X03MA )
Organism
Common Name
Gene
Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group
Strigamia maritima
European centipede
Smar\SMAR006061
Ixodes scapularis
Black-legged tick
Isca\ISCW015788
Stegodyphus mimosarum
African social velvet spider
Smim\KFM64533.1
Tetranychus urticae
Two-spotted spider mite
Turt\tetur11g03260
Daphnia pulex
Water flea
Dpux\DAPPUDRAFT_45411
Orthologs in non-Arthropod Metazoa (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG091G041V )
Organism
Common Name
Gene
Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group
Strongylocentrotus purpuratus
Purple sea urchin
Spur\Sp-GhrL
Strongylocentrotus purpuratus
Purple sea urchin
Spur\Sp-Ghr
Ciona intestinalis
Vase tunicate
Cint\ENSCING00000018199
Paralogs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Paralogs
Paralogs (via DIOPT v8.0)
Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (3)
Gene Symbol
Score
Source
Compara
eggNOG
Homologene
Inparanoid
Isobase
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
orthoMCL
Panther
RoundUp
Alignment
Lgr1
3 of 10
Lgr3
2 of 10
Lgr4
2 of 10
Human Disease Associations
FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports
    Disease Model Summary Ribbon
    Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations
    Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 0 )
    Human Ortholog
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Interaction
    References
    Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v8.0 and OMIM)
    Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.
    Homo sapiens (Human)
    Gene name
    Score
    OMIM
    OMIM Phenotype
    DO term
    Complementation?
    Transgene?
    LGR5; leucine rich repeat containing G protein-coupled receptor 5
    9 of 15
    606667
        LGR4; leucine rich repeat containing G protein-coupled receptor 4
        7 of 15
        606666
          LGR6; leucine rich repeat containing G protein-coupled receptor 6
          6 of 15
          606653
              Functional Complementation Data
              Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.
              Interactions
              Summary of Physical Interactions
              esyN Network Diagram
              Interactions Browser
              Summary of Genetic Interactions
              esyN Network Diagram
              esyN Network Key:
              Suppression
              Enhancement
              View in Interactions Browser
              Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions
              Starting gene(s)
              Interaction type
              Interacting gene(s)
              Reference
              rk
              suppressible
              vn
              (Scopelliti et al., 2014)
              Starting gene(s)
              Interaction type
              Interacting gene(s)
              Reference
              External Data
              Linkouts
              DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
              Pathways
              Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)
              Metabolic Pathways
              External Data
              Linkouts
              Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data
              Chromosome (arm)
              2L
              Recombination map
              2-50
              Cytogenetic map
              34E5-34E6
              Sequence location
              FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
              Cytogenetic map
              Evidence for location
              34E5-34E6
              Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{lacW}Sosk05224&P{lacW}RpII33k05605 and P{lacW}l(2)34Fak00811&P{PZ}wb09437
              Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
              Cytogenetic map
              Notes
              References
              34E-34E
              (Eriksen, 1999.4.12)
              Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
              Location

              2-50

              (FlyBase, 2016)

              2-45.4

              (Comeron et al., 2012)

              2-48.2

              (Meyer, 1963, Meyer et al., 1950)

              2-48.8

              Left of (cM)
              (Woodruff and Ashburner, 1979)
              Right of (cM)
              (Woodruff and Ashburner, 1979)
              Notes
              Stocks and Reagents
              Stocks (20)
              Genomic Clones (25)
              cDNA Clones (8)
               

              Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see GBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

              cDNA clones, fully sequenced
              BDGP DGC clones
                Other clones
                Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

                For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

                cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
                BDGP DGC clones
                Other clones
                RNAi and Array Information
                Linkouts
                DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
                GenomeRNAi - A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents
                Antibody Information
                Laboratory Generated Antibodies
                 
                Commercially Available Antibodies
                 
                Other Information
                Relationship to Other Genes
                Source for database identify of

                Source for identity of: rk CG8930

                (Guan, 1999.11)

                Source for identity of: glycoprotein-hormone-receptor-II CG8930

                (FlyBase, 1996-)
                Source for database merge of
                Additional comments

                Source for identity of glycoprotein-hormone-receptor-II CG8930 was sequence comparison ( date:000504 ).

                (FlyBase, 1996-)
                Other Comments

                The rk receptor and its signal Burs appear to be involved in intercellular communication within the border follicle cell cluster itself during border cell migration, as the Burs signal is only required in the border cells.

                (Anllo and Schüpbach, 2016)

                rk is necessary for the death and resorption of wing blade cells after eclosion.

                (Kimura et al., 2004)

                Strong alleles have legs, especially metathoracic ones, flattened and bent. Femora and tibiae bowed in middle; first two tarsal joints shortened, bent and flattened; last three tarsal joints almost fused. Wings unexpanded, resembling those of pu. Posterior scutellar bristles erect and crossed. Viability may be reduced. Weak alleles do not show the leg phenotype, or they overlap wild type; may have partially expanded wings and normal posterior scutellar bristles. Even strong alleles more extreme when hemizygous with rk deficiencies.

                (Lindsley and Zimm, 1992)
                Origin and Etymology
                Discoverer
                Etymology
                Identification
                External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 44 )
                Sequence Crossreferences
                NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.
                GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.
                GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.
                RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.
                UniProt/TrEMBL - Automatically annotated and unreviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
                Other crossreferences
                BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
                Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones
                DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
                EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
                Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
                FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
                FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
                Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
                Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
                GenomeRNAi - A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents
                iBeetle-Base - RNAi phenotypes in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)
                InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
                KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.
                MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)
                modMine - A data warehouse for the modENCODE project
                Linkouts
                ApoDroso - Functional genomic database for photoreceptor development, survival and function
                DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
                DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
                FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel
                FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics
                Interactive Fly - A cyberspace guide to Drosophila development and metazoan evolution
                Synonyms and Secondary IDs (21)
                Reported As
                Symbol Synonym
                BG:DS00180.13
                (Ashburner et al., 1999, Ashburner et al., 1999.10.12)
                CG8930
                (Kondo et al., 2020, Yu et al., 2016, Nässel and Winther, 2010, Keleman et al., 2009.8.5, Perkins et al., 2009, Bhutkar et al., 2008, Hauser et al., 2006)
                CT25644
                (Hynes and Zhao, 2000)
                DLGR-2
                (Vanden Broeck, 2001, Eriksen et al., 2000)
                DLGR2
                (Liu et al., 2021, Liu and Jin, 2017, An et al., 2012, Hauser et al., 2006, Hauser et al., 2006, Luo et al., 2005, Mendive et al., 2005, Sudo et al., 2005)
                DLgr2
                (Liu and Jin, 2017)
                LGR2
                (Nishi et al., 2002, Nishi, 2000.6.2)
                Lgr2
                (Jaszczak et al., 2016)
                Rk
                (Bonfini et al., 2016)
                dLGR2
                (Ben-Menahem, 2021)
                dlgr2
                (Colombani and Andersen, 2020, Scopelliti et al., 2019)
                dlgr2/rk
                (Scopelliti et al., 2019)
                lgr2
                (Scopelliti et al., 2019, Vallejo et al., 2015)
                rickets
                (Anllo and Schüpbach, 2016)
                rk
                (Guzman et al., 2021, Xie et al., 2021, Hadjieconomou et al., 2020, Kondo et al., 2020, Singh et al., 2020, Hudry et al., 2019, Rao and Deng, 2019.10.23, Scopelliti et al., 2019, Gene Disruption Project members, 2018-, Solis et al., 2017, Anllo and Schüpbach, 2016, Clandinin and Owens, 2016-, Flaven-Pouchon et al., 2016, Iyer et al., 2016, Scopelliti et al., 2016, Harwood et al., 2014, Scopelliti et al., 2014, White and Ewer, 2014, Harwood et al., 2013, Ozkan et al., 2013, An et al., 2012, Caers et al., 2012, Diao and White, 2012, Izutsu et al., 2012, Japanese National Institute of Genetics, 2012.5.21, Loveall and Deitcher, 2010, Bhutkar et al., 2008, Kovalick, 2008, Natzle et al., 2008, Christensen and Cook, 2007.3.22, Christensen and Cook, 2007.3.22, Davis et al., 2007, Davis et al., 2007, Dietzl et al., 2007)
                rk/CG8930
                (Hewes and Taghert, 2001.7.31)
                Name Synonyms
                Glycoprotein hormone receptor II
                (Metpally and Sowdhamini, 2005)
                Rickets
                (Saad and Hipfner, 2021, Yu et al., 2016, Caers et al., 2012)
                glycoprotein hormone receptor II
                (Eriksen, 1999.4.12)
                glycoprotein-hormone-receptor-II
                leucine-rich repeat-containing G protein-coupled receptor 2
                (Nishi, 2000.6.2)
                rickets
                (Borbolis et al., 2020, Jaszczak et al., 2016, Kim et al., 2015, Harwood et al., 2014, White and Ewer, 2014, An et al., 2012, Diao and White, 2012, Loveall and Deitcher, 2010, Natzle et al., 2008, Peabody et al., 2008, Davis et al., 2007)
                Secondary FlyBase IDs
                  Datasets (0)
                  Study focus (0)
                  Experimental Role
                  Project
                  Project Type
                  Title
                  References (147)