irreC, irreC-rst, rst-irrecC, irreC-roughest, irregular chiasm C-roughest
Ig-C2-type-domain protein - transmembrane - required in at least three independent events in eye development and axon guidance - The adhesion molecules Roughest, Hibris, Kin of Irre and Sticks and Stones are required for long range spacing of the Drosophila wing disc sensory sensilla
Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\rst for information on other features
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Low-frequency RNA-Seq exon junction(s) not annotated.
Annotated transcripts do not represent all supported alternative splices within 5' UTR.
Gene model reviewed during 5.45
Gene model reviewed during 5.52
5 (northern blot)
764 (aa); 83 (kD predicted)
Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\rst using the Feature Mapper tool.
Comment: anlage in statu nascendi
Comment: anlage in statu nascendi
Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm anlage in statu nascendi
Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm anlage in statu nascendi
Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm anlage in statu nascendi
Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm anlage
Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm anlage
Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm anlage
Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm anlage
Comment: reported as ventral nerve cord anlage
Comment: reported as muscle system primordium
Comment: reported as muscle system primordium
rst mRNA is first detected at low levels in early pupae, peaks at 24% APF and then returns to basal levels by 43% APF.
rst transcripts are found predominantly within the interommatidial cell at 24 hours APF.
rst transcript is expressed from embryonic stage 4-14. Embryonic stage 4 expression is initially in a pattern of seven stripes, which soon fades. Subsequently, rst is expressed in dorsally in the procephalic region and in the amnioserosa anlage. At stage 8, rst is expressed in mesectodermal cells in a segmental pattern. At stage 9, rst is expressed at the dorsal midline and in mesodermal cells. Dorsal midline expression intensifies during stage 10-11, as expression begins in visceral muscle progenitors. At stage 12, rst has strong expression in most mesodermal cells as dorsal midline expression fades. At stages 13-14, expression is in muscle founder cells, and in fusion-competent myoblasts.
rst transcripts are expressed throughout development with peaks in embryonic and pupal stages. In late stage 11 embryos, transcripts are detected in lateral mesodermal cell clusters, in the midline, in cell clusters in the mandibular, maxillary, and labial buds, and in the clypeolabrum. In late third instar larvae, strong signal is observed in the imaginal discs and in the outer optic anlagen. In the eye disc, expression starts just in front of the morphogenetic furrow. In pupae, expression is observed in the lamina and in subpopulations of medullar cells. At 36hr, retinal expression is restricted to cells between the ommatidiial clusters (ie. to presumptive secondary and tertiary pigment cells and to cells of the bristle complex). Expression is then down-regulated in the retina and transcripts can no longer be detected 72hr after puparium formation.
In late third instar larvae salivary glands, strong rst immunoreactivity is observed at cell boundaries and in an internal lace-like pattern that appears to show colocalization with tubulin. No expression is observed in the luminal region of the gland. A few hours later, no staining is seen and then signal is observed again at 3 hours APF but in a reorganized intracellular pattern. Expression persists until 10 hours APF.
rst protein is detected in three layers of the distal medulla at 55 hr APF.
rst protein is expressed in pupal eye discs in the interommatidial precursor cells and most strongly in primary pigment cells. In pupal brains, rst protein localizes to a distinct layer in the neuropil of the distal medulla, where is overlaps with X11L expression. It is also expressed in well-defined layers of the lamina, the proximal medulla, and the lobula complex. In ommatidial cells, rst is clearly associated with cell membranes.
rst exhibits dynamic expression from larval through pupal development. High levels are seen at the border between two primary pigment cells and between neighboring interommatidial cells in pupal cells from 24-42 hours APF.
rst protein is localised along the border between secondary and tertiary pigment cells,
GBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals
View Dmel\rst in GBrowse 21-2
Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete
Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see GBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.
For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.
monoclonal
Source for identity of: rst CG4125
Source for merge of: rst UB883
rst is required for differentiation and time of death of interommatidial cells during pupal stages of compound eye development.
Loss of function and misexpression of rst results in an altered arrangement of sensory organ founder cells within the antennal disc.
Restricted expression of the rst protein is required for normal axonal projections of columnar visual neurons.
rst gene product is required for the normal number of cell deaths in the eye imaginal discs.
Eyes rough and bulging; facets irregular in size and arrangement. In optic ganglia, fiber tracts from the medulla to the lobula plate penetrate lobula neuropil instead of projecting through second optic chiasm; occasionally, ectopic bundles of axonal fibers penetrate lobula-plate neuropil; in most severely deformed individuals, lobula and lobula plate are partly fused. In first optic chiasm, fibers from lamina are misrouted, taking detour around posterior medulla neuropil, penetrating the latter at variable positions on its inner (posterior) face from which positions the fiber tracts turn around and form normal-appearing terminals in retinotopic locations. Gynandromorph analysis showed that eye genotype does not induce optic lobe phenotypes. It also appears as if first- (or second-) chiasm defect does not induce that in the second (or first); among several mutant individuals analyzed, there is no correlation between the anatomical abnormalities in these two locations (though there is high correlation between defective first or second chiasm in left and right sides of head). Optic lobe pioneer axons <up>larval neurons, which persist into adulthood and can be seen following path of first optic chiasm and may guide newly growing fibers during formation of imaginal visual system</up> are displaced in rst pupae, with their axons having followed ectopic pathways.
rst is required for normal elimination of surplus cells from the retinal epithelium. Cell death eliminates 2 or 3 cells per ommatidium 35 and 50 hours after pupation.
rst is necessary for the correct projection of visual fibres in the optic chiasms of optic ganglia.