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Gene Dmel\rst

General Information
Symbol	Dmel\rst	Species	D. melanogaster
Name	roughest	Annotation symbol	CG4125
Feature type	protein_coding_gene	FlyBase ID	FBgn0003285
Gene Model Status	Current	Stock availability	17 publicly available
Also Known As	IrreC-rst, IrreC, IRREC/RST, rst-irrecC
Genomic Location
Chromosome (arm)	X	Recombination map	1-2.2
Cytogenetic map	3C3-3C4	Sequence location	X:2,846,241..2,867,867 [-]
Genomic Maps Select View:Gene Models/EvidenceExpression/RegulationMegaViewGene Disruptions, Stocks and Reagents Beta	Decorated FastA GenBankGFF Gene region Extended Gene region CDSIntronsExonsTranslationsTranscripts3' UTR5' UTR
Summary Information
Automatically generated summary See sections below for more information	The gene roughest is referred to in FlyBase by the symbol Dmel\rst (CG4125, FBgn0003285). It is a protein_coding_gene from Drosophila melanogaster. There is experimental evidence that it has the molecular function: PDZ domain binding. There is experimental evidence that it is involved in the biological process: homophilic cell adhesion; compound eye development; lateral inhibition; regulation of striated muscle tissue development; compound eye morphogenesis. 33 alleles are reported. The phenotypes of these alleles are annotated with: organ system subdivision; external compound sense organ; adult segment; organ system; imaginal precursor; peripheral nervous system; non-connected developing system; larval head segment; cell junction; appendage segment. It has one annotated transcript and one annotated polypeptide. Protein features are: CD80-like, immunoglobulin C2-set; Immunoglobulin I-set; Immunoglobulin subtype; Immunoglobulin subtype 2; Immunoglobulin-like domain; Immunoglobulin-like fold. Summary of modENCODE Temporal Expression Profile: Temporal profile ranges from a peak of moderately high expression to a trough of very low expression. Peak expression observed within 00-18 hour embryonic stages, at stages throughout the pupal period. Summary of FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data: Expression at moderate levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult eye, larval central nervous system, larval trachea. Comments on Affy2 ProbeSet: ProbeSet 1625366_at completely aligns to an exonic region of the only FlyBase-annotated transcript isoform of rst. Gene sequence location is X:2846241..2867867.
User Contributed Data
	Beta version, feedback welcome
External Summaries
Phenotypic Description from the Red Book (Lindsley & Zimm 1992)
Gene/Allele symbols may differ from current usage	irreC: irregular chiasm-C (J.C. Hall) In optic ganglia, fiber tracts from the medulla to the lobula plate penetrate lobula neuropile instead of projecting through second optic chiasm; occasionally, ectopic bundles of axonal fibers penetrate lobula-plate neuropile; in most severely deformed individuals, lobula and lobula plate are partly fused. In first optic chiasm, fibers from lamina are misrouted, taking detour around posterior medulla neuropile, penetrating the latter at variable positions on its inner (posterior) face from which positions the fiber tracts turn around and form normal-appearing terminals in retinotopic locations. Gynandromorph analysis showed that eye genotype does not induce optic lobe phenotypes. It also appears as if first- (or second-) chiasm defect does not induce that in the second (or first); among several mutant individuals analyzed (cf. variable expressivity under alleles), there is no correlation between the anatomical abnormalities in these two locations (though there is high correlation between defective first or second chiasm in left and right sides of head). Optic lobe pioneer axons [larval neurons, which persist into adulthood and can be seen following path of first optic chiasm, and may guide newly growing fibers during formation of imaginal visual system (Tix, Minden, and Technau, 1989, Development 105: 739-46)] are displaced in irreC pupae, with their axons having followed ectopic pathways. rst: roughest Eyes rough and bulging; facets irregular in size and arrangement. UB883 Eye mutant. Inner optic chiasma in disorder. Bundles of fibers connecting medulla and lobula plate penetrate neuropil of lobula.
Recent Updates
Description	What does this section display? This section contains items that were added to this record for each release. It currently only tracks new links between this FlyBase report and other FlyBase data classes (e.g. genes, references, stocks) or controlled vocabulary terms (e.g. GO, anatomy terms). What does this section not display? This section does not currently display links that were removed or gene model changes.
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FB2013_03
FB2013_02
All updates	Click here to see a list of all updates to this record from FB2010_08 and on.
Detailed Mapping Data
FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Evidence for location 3C3-3C4   Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{EP}EP1362 and P{EP}dncEP1395
Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Notes References 3C5-3C5   (determined by in situ hybridisation)   (Vieira et al., 1997) 3C5-3C5   (determined by in situ hybridisation)   (Ramos et al., 1993)
Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
Location	1-2.2 (Lefevre, 1970)
Left of (cM)	N (Welshons and Welshons, 1986, Lefevre, 1970) su(faswb) (Welshons and Welshons, 1986)
Right of (cM)	w (Welshons and Welshons, 1986, Lefevre, 1970)
Notes	Mapping based on 132 w-Nspl-1 recombinants.
Gene Model & Products
Please see the GBrowse view of Dmel\rst for information on other features To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form
Comments on Gene Model
	Low-frequency RNA-Seq exon junction(s) not annotated. Annotated transcripts do not represent all supported alternative splices within 5' UTR. Gene model reviewed during 5.45
Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name FlyBase ID RefSeq ID Length (nt) Associated CDS (aa) rst-RA FBtr0070562  NM_080319   4442   764
Additional Transcript Data & Comments
Reported size (kB)	5 (northern blot) (Ramos et al., 1993)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name FlyBase ID Predicted MW (kDa) Length (aa) Theoretical pI RefSeq ID GenBank protein rst-PA   FBpp0070537   83.0   764   6.99     NP_525058   AAF45845
Additional Polypeptide Data & Comments
Reported size (kDa)	764 (aa); 83 (kD predicted) (Ramos et al., 1993)
Comments
External Data
Linkouts
Crossreferences	InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites • Immunoglobulin subtype 2 (IPR003598) Immunoglobulin subtype (IPR003599) Immunoglobulin-like domain (IPR007110) CD80-like, immunoglobulin C2-set (IPR013162) Immunoglobulin-like fold (IPR013783) Immunoglobulin I-set (IPR013098)
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank	DNA sequence Protein sequence Name AA141865   AE014298 AAF45845   AI257955   AY128456 AAM75049   BI162211   BI165480   BI167195   BI167257   BI230818   BI242501   BI367625   BI371107   BI374667   BI375168   BT057980   CK845775   CO190482   CO190918   CO263268   CO265853   CO266581   CO267779   CO277261   CO281069   CO281918   CO284604   CO296806   CO297318   CO310591   CO313012   CO313216   CO330766   CO339122   CO343070   CZ479500   CZ481354   CZ483662   CZ483851   CZ490681   DQ277015 ABB84425   DQ277016 ABB84426   DQ277017 ABB84427   DQ277018 ABB84428   DQ277019 ABB84429   DQ277020 ABB84430   DQ277021 ABB84431   DQ277022 ABB84432   DQ277023 ABB84433   DQ277024 ABB84434   DQ277025 ABB84435   DQ277026 ABB84436   DQ277027 ABB84437   DQ277028 ABB84438   DQ277029 ABB84439   DQ277030 ABB84440   DQ277031 ABB84441   DQ277032 ABB84442   DQ277033 ABB84443   DQ277034 ABB84444   DQ277035 ABB84445   DQ277036 ABB84446   DQ277037 ABB84447   DQ277038 ABB84448   DQ277039 ABB84449   DQ277040 ABB84450   DQ277041 ABB84451   DQ277042 ABB84452   DQ277043 ABB84453   DQ277044 ABB84454   DQ277045 ABB84455   DQ277046 ABB84456   DQ277047 ABB84457   DQ277048 ABB84458   DQ277049 ABB84459   DQ277050 ABB84460   DQ277051 ABB84461   DQ277052 ABB84462   DQ277053 ABB84463   EC051264   EC053489   EC053494   EC053762   EC061576   EC061667   EC062794   EC070753   EC076581   EC076881   EC082125   EC084144   EC088133   EC197781   EC201054   EC201807   EC201884   EC210605   EC213465   EC217833   EC221791   EC241342   EC247783   EC248424   EC250855   EC257817   EC260557   GH941578   GH941784   GH943189   GH943953   GH944696   GH946076   GH947607   GH947851   GH949602   GH950251   GH951892   GH954919   GH955858   GH956165   GH958806   GH959841   GH960229   GH960604   GH961463   GH961713   GH962870   GH962919   GH963527   GH963952   GH965072   GH965855   GH968534   GH970597   GH972891   GH973743   GH974043   GH976088   GH978648   GH978911   GH979227   GH979301   GH980475   GH980689   GH981704   GH981802   GH982990   GH983471   GH984032   L11040 AAA16632   Z21641 CAA79756
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot	Q08180
UniProtKB/TrEMBL
Mapped Features
Mapped Features have been reorganized, please see this article for details. Additional mapped features and mutations can be found on GBrowse or related reports. Type Symbol & Location Additional Notes References regulatory region FBsf0000435374 X:2,876,445..2,877,162 evidence=Reporter construct (in vivo) (Junion et al., 2012, Halfon, 2012.6.19) regulatory region FBsf0000435871 X:2,872,502..2,874,950 evidence=Reporter construct (in vivo) (Apitz et al., 2004, Halfon, 2012.6.19) regulatory region FBsf0000436136 X:2,874,945..2,877,475 evidence=Reporter construct (in vivo) (Apitz et al., 2004, Halfon, 2012.6.19) regulatory region FBsf0000436308 X:2,872,503..2,876,999 evidence=Reporter construct (in vivo) (Apitz et al., 2004, Halfon, 2012.6.19) regulatory region FBsf0000436757 X:2,877,471..2,879,799 evidence=Reporter construct (in vivo) (Apitz et al., 2004, Halfon, 2012.6.19) regulatory region FBsf0000436825 X:2,874,945..2,879,935 evidence=Reporter construct (in vivo) (Apitz et al., 2004, Halfon, 2012.6.19)
External Data
Linkouts
Crossreferences
Expression Data
Transcript Expression
in situ Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference embryonic stage 4   organism | pair rule expression pattern   (Strunkelnberg et al., 2001) embryonic stage 4 -- 6   central brain anlage in statu nascendi   (Fisher et al., 2012) dorsal ectoderm anlage   (Fisher et al., 2012) Comment:anlage in statu nascendi ventral ectoderm anlage   (Fisher et al., 2012) Comment:anlage in statu nascendi antennal anlage in statu nascendi   (Fisher et al., 2012) Comment:reported as procephalic ectoderm anlage in statu nascendi dorsal head epidermis anlage in statu nascendi   (Fisher et al., 2012) Comment:reported as procephalic ectoderm anlage in statu nascendi visual anlage in statu nascendi   (Fisher et al., 2012) Comment:reported as procephalic ectoderm anlage in statu nascendi embryonic stage 5 -- 7   head | dorsal & posterior   (Strunkelnberg et al., 2001) Comment:expressed dorsally in procephalic region amnioserosa anlage   (Strunkelnberg et al., 2001) embryonic stage 7 -- 8   amnioserosa anlage   (Fisher et al., 2012) antennal anlage   (Fisher et al., 2012) Comment:reported as procephalic ectoderm anlage central brain anlage   (Fisher et al., 2012) Comment:reported as procephalic ectoderm anlage dorsal head epidermis anlage   (Fisher et al., 2012) Comment:reported as procephalic ectoderm anlage visual anlage   (Fisher et al., 2012) Comment:reported as procephalic ectoderm anlage dorsal ectoderm   (Fisher et al., 2012) mesectoderm   (Fisher et al., 2012) ventral ectoderm   (Fisher et al., 2012) ventral nerve cord primordium   (Fisher et al., 2012) Comment:reported as ventral nerve cord anlage embryonic stage 8   mesectoderm | segmentally repeated   (Strunkelnberg et al., 2001) embryonic stage 9 -- 10   amnioserosa   (Fisher et al., 2012) amnioserosa primordium   (Fisher et al., 2012) mesectoderm   (Fisher et al., 2012) ventral ectoderm   (Fisher et al., 2012) ventral nerve cord primordium   (Fisher et al., 2012) embryonic stage 9 -- 11   organism | dorsal & restricted   (Strunkelnberg et al., 2001) Comment:dorsal midline; expression fades at stage 12 embryonic stage 10 -- 11   visceral muscle primordium   (Strunkelnberg et al., 2001) embryonic stage 11   labral segment   (Ramos et al., 1993) embryonic mandibular segment   (Ramos et al., 1993) embryonic maxillary segment   (Ramos et al., 1993) embryonic labial segment   (Ramos et al., 1993) mesoderm | restricted   (Ramos et al., 1993) ventral midline   (Ramos et al., 1993) embryonic stage 11 -- 12   amnioserosa   (Fisher et al., 2012) dorsal pharyngeal muscle primordium   (Fisher et al., 2012) foregut primordium   (Fisher et al., 2012) midline primordium   (Fisher et al., 2012) somatic muscle primordium   (Fisher et al., 2012) Comment:reported as muscle system primordium visceral muscle primordium   (Fisher et al., 2012) Comment:reported as muscle system primordium trunk mesoderm   (Fisher et al., 2012) ventral midline neuroblast   (Fisher et al., 2012) embryonic stage 12   cell of mesoderm   (Strunkelnberg et al., 2001) Comment:expression in majority of mesodermal cells embryonic stage 13 -- 14   muscle founder cell   (Strunkelnberg et al., 2001) muscle founder cell & fusion competent cell   (Strunkelnberg et al., 2001) embryonic stage 13 -- 16   dorsal pharyngeal muscle   (Fisher et al., 2012) embryonic anal pad   (Fisher et al., 2012) embryonic hindgut   (Fisher et al., 2012) embryonic/larval muscle system   (Fisher et al., 2012) third instar larval stage   larval outer optic anlage   (Ramos et al., 1993) imaginal disc   (Ramos et al., 1993) eye-antennal disc   (Ramos et al., 1993) pupal stage   secondary pigment cell   (Ramos et al., 1993) medulla | restricted   (Ramos et al., 1993) lamina   (Ramos et al., 1993) retina   (Ramos et al., 1993) tertiary pigment cell   (Ramos et al., 1993)
Additional Descriptive Data
	rst transcript is expressed from embryonic stage 4-14. Embryonic stage 4 expression is initially in a pattern of seven stripes, which soon fades. Subsequently, rst is expressed in dorsally in the procephalic region and in the amnioserosa anlage. At stage 8, rst is expressed in mesectodermal cells in a segmental pattern. At stage 9, rst is expressed at the dorsal midline and in mesodermal cells. Dorsal midline expression intensifies during stage 10-11, as expression begins in visceral muscle progenitors. At stage 12, rst has strong expression in most mesodermal cells as dorsal midline expression fades. At stages 13-14, expression is in muscle founder cells, and in fusion-competent myoblasts. (Strunkelnberg et al., 2001) rst transcripts are expressed throughout development with peaks in embryonic and pupal stages. In late stage 11 embryos, transcripts are detected in lateral mesodermal cell clusters, in the midline, in cell clusters in the mandibular, maxillary, and labial buds, and in the clypeolabrum. In late third instar larvae, strong signal is observed in the imaginal discs and in the outer optic anlagen. In the eye disc, expression starts just in front of the morphogenetic furrow. In pupae, expression is observed in the lamina and in subpopulations of medullar cells. At 36hr, retinal expression is restricted to cells between the ommatidiial clusters (ie. to presumptive secondary and tertiary pigment cells and to cells of the bristle complex). Expression is then down-regulated in the retina and transcripts can no longer be detected 72hr after puparium formation. (Ramos et al., 1993)
Marker for
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Polypeptide Expression
immunolocalization Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference embryonic stage 13 -- 14   muscle founder cell   (Strunkelnberg et al., 2001) fusion competent cell   (Strunkelnberg et al., 2001) embryonic stage 14   apodeme   (Strunkelnberg et al., 2001) pupal stage   primary pigment cell | faint   (Gorski et al., 2000) secondary pigment cell | intense   (Gorski et al., 2000) tertiary pigment cell | intense   (Gorski et al., 2000)
Additional Descriptive Data
	rst protein is localised along the border between secondary and tertiary pigment cells, (Gorski et al., 2000)
Marker for
Subcellular Localization (GO Cellular Component)
CV term Evidence References
apical part of cell inferred from direct assay (Simon et al., 2009) plasma membrane inferred from direct assay (Vishnu et al., 2006, Simon et al., 2009)
Expression Deduced from Reporters
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools
Reference	See Gelbart and Emmert, 2010.10.13 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
FlyAtlas Anatomy Microarray
FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data (FlyAtlas-RNA.adult) (FlyAtlas-RNA.larva)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap Back-to-back    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High level expression bin max Very high expression bin max Summary of FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data: Expression at moderate levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult eye, larval central nervous system, larval trachea. [download data (TSV)] Guide to FlyAtlas expression level colors   No expression (0 - 9.999)   Low expression (10 - 99.999)   Moderate expression (100 - 499.999)   High level expression (500 - 999.999)   Very high expression (>999.999) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    269.45 Larval Midgut    1.8 Larval Hindgut    8.2 Larval Malpighian Tubules    6.7 Larval Fat Body    7.4 Larval Salivary Gland    5.2 Larval Trachea    194.525 Larval Carcass    93.4 Adult Head    50.7 Adult Eye    167.1 Adult Brain    82.5 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    90.4 Adult Crop    10.6 Adult Midgut    2.1 Adult Hindgut    32.5 Adult Malpighian Tubules    15.3 Adult Fat Body    26.8 Adult Salivary Gland    17.3 Adult Heart    21.6 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    32.3 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    48.2 Adult Ovary    64.8 Adult Testis    4.2 Adult Male Accessory Gland    9.2 Adult Carcass    21.3 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    269.45 Larval Midgut    1.8 Larval Hindgut    8.2 Larval Malpighian Tubules    6.7 Larval Fat Body    7.4 Larval Salivary Gland    5.2 Larval Trachea    194.525 Larval Carcass    93.4 Adult Head    50.7 Adult Eye    167.1 Adult Brain    82.5 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    90.4 Adult Crop    10.6 Adult Midgut    2.1 Adult Hindgut    32.5 Adult Malpighian Tubules    15.3 Adult Fat Body    26.8 Adult Salivary Gland    17.3 Adult Heart    21.6 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    32.3 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    48.2 Adult Ovary    64.8 Adult Testis    4.2 Adult Male Accessory Gland    9.2 Adult Carcass    21.3 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High  Linear, scaled to High level expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    269.45 Larval Midgut    1.8 Larval Hindgut    8.2 Larval Malpighian Tubules    6.7 Larval Fat Body    7.4 Larval Salivary Gland    5.2 Larval Trachea    194.525 Larval Carcass    93.4 Adult Head    50.7 Adult Eye    167.1 Adult Brain    82.5 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    90.4 Adult Crop    10.6 Adult Midgut    2.1 Adult Hindgut    32.5 Adult Malpighian Tubules    15.3 Adult Fat Body    26.8 Adult Salivary Gland    17.3 Adult Heart    21.6 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    32.3 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    48.2 Adult Ovary    64.8 Adult Testis    4.2 Adult Male Accessory Gland    9.2 Adult Carcass    21.3 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Very high expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    269.45 Larval Midgut    1.8 Larval Hindgut    8.2 Larval Malpighian Tubules    6.7 Larval Fat Body    7.4 Larval Salivary Gland    5.2 Larval Trachea    194.525 Larval Carcass    93.4 Adult Head    50.7 Adult Eye    167.1 Adult Brain    82.5 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    90.4 Adult Crop    10.6 Adult Midgut    2.1 Adult Hindgut    32.5 Adult Malpighian Tubules    15.3 Adult Fat Body    26.8 Adult Salivary Gland    17.3 Adult Heart    21.6 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    32.3 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    48.2 Adult Ovary    64.8 Adult Testis    4.2 Adult Male Accessory Gland    9.2 Adult Carcass    21.3 Expression Level Scale  Very high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    269.45 Larval Midgut    1.8 Larval Hindgut    8.2 Larval Malpighian Tubules    6.7 Larval Fat Body    7.4 Larval Salivary Gland    5.2 Larval Trachea    194.525 Larval Carcass    93.4 Adult Head    50.7 Adult Eye    167.1 Adult Brain    82.5 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    90.4 Adult Crop    10.6 Adult Midgut    2.1 Adult Hindgut    32.5 Adult Malpighian Tubules    15.3 Adult Fat Body    26.8 Adult Salivary Gland    17.3 Adult Heart    21.6 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    32.3 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    48.2 Adult Ovary    64.8 Adult Testis    4.2 Adult Male Accessory Gland    9.2 Adult Carcass    21.3 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate  log, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    269.45 Larval Midgut    1.8 Larval Hindgut    8.2 Larval Malpighian Tubules    6.7 Larval Fat Body    7.4 Larval Salivary Gland    5.2 Larval Trachea    194.525 Larval Carcass    93.4 Adult Head    50.7 Adult Eye    167.1 Adult Brain    82.5 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    90.4 Adult Crop    10.6 Adult Midgut    2.1 Adult Hindgut    32.5 Adult Malpighian Tubules    15.3 Adult Fat Body    26.8 Adult Salivary Gland    17.3 Adult Heart    21.6 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    32.3 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    48.2 Adult Ovary    64.8 Adult Testis    4.2 Adult Male Accessory Gland    9.2 Adult Carcass    21.3 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High  log, scaled to High level expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    269.45 Larval Midgut    1.8 Larval Hindgut    8.2 Larval Malpighian Tubules    6.7 Larval Fat Body    7.4 Larval Salivary Gland    5.2 Larval Trachea    194.525 Larval Carcass    93.4 Adult Head    50.7 Adult Eye    167.1 Adult Brain    82.5 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    90.4 Adult Crop    10.6 Adult Midgut    2.1 Adult Hindgut    32.5 Adult Malpighian Tubules    15.3 Adult Fat Body    26.8 Adult Salivary Gland    17.3 Adult Heart    21.6 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    32.3 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    48.2 Adult Ovary    64.8 Adult Testis    4.2 Adult Male Accessory Gland    9.2 Adult Carcass    21.3 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  log, scaled to Very high expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    269.45 Larval Midgut    1.8 Larval Hindgut    8.2 Larval Malpighian Tubules    6.7 Larval Fat Body    7.4 Larval Salivary Gland    5.2 Larval Trachea    194.525 Larval Carcass    93.4 Adult Head    50.7 Adult Eye    167.1 Adult Brain    82.5 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    90.4 Adult Crop    10.6 Adult Midgut    2.1 Adult Hindgut    32.5 Adult Malpighian Tubules    15.3 Adult Fat Body    26.8 Adult Salivary Gland    17.3 Adult Heart    21.6 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    32.3 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    48.2 Adult Ovary    64.8 Adult Testis    4.2 Adult Male Accessory Gland    9.2 Adult Carcass    21.3 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  Heatmap Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System     Larval Midgut     Larval Hindgut     Larval Malpighian Tubules     Larval Fat Body     Larval Salivary Gland     Larval Trachea     Larval Carcass     Adult Head     Adult Eye     Adult Brain     Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion     Adult Crop     Adult Midgut     Adult Hindgut     Adult Malpighian Tubules     Adult Fat Body     Adult Salivary Gland     Adult Heart     Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca     Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca     Adult Ovary     Adult Testis     Adult Male Accessory Gland     Adult Carcass     FlyAtlas Organ/Tissue Expression, larval vs. adult Larval Expression Level Tissue Adult Expression Level   NA  Head    50.7   NA  Eye    167.1   NA  Brain    82.5   269.45  Central Nervous System    NA   NA  Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    90.4   NA  Crop    no informative data   1.8  Midgut    2.1   8.2  Hindgut    32.5   6.7  Malpighian Tubules    no informative data   7.4  Fat Body    26.8   5.2  Salivary Gland    no informative data   NA  Heart    21.6   194.525  Trachea    NA   NA  VirginFemale Spermatheca    32.3   NA  InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    48.2   NA  Ovary    64.8   NA  Testis    4.2   NA  Male Accessory Gland    9.2   93.4  Carcass    no informative data FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data (Chintapalli et al., 2007)
modENCODE Anatomy RNA-Seq
modENCODE Tissue Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_tissues)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    11 central nervous system, larvae L3    16 central nervous system, pupae P8    18 head, virgin 1-day female    3 head, virgin 4-day female    2 head, virgin 20-day female    1 head, mated 1-day female    3 head, mated 4-day female    1 head, mated 20-day female    1 head, mated 1-day male    4 head, mated 4-day male    3 head, mated 20-day male    3 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    0 salivary gland, white prepupae    1 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    0 digestive system, 1-day adult    0 digestive system, 4-day adult    1 digestive system, 20-day adult    1 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    0 fat body, white prepupae    2 fat body, pupae P8    5 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    8 carcass, 1-day adult    1 carcass, 4-day adult    2 carcass, 20-day adult    2 ovary, virgin 4-day female    12 ovary, mated 4-day female    18 testis, mated 4-day male    0 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    1 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    11 central nervous system, larvae L3    16 central nervous system, pupae P8    18 head, virgin 1-day female    3 head, virgin 4-day female    2 head, virgin 20-day female    1 head, mated 1-day female    3 head, mated 4-day female    1 head, mated 20-day female    1 head, mated 1-day male    4 head, mated 4-day male    3 head, mated 20-day male    3 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    0 salivary gland, white prepupae    1 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    0 digestive system, 1-day adult    0 digestive system, 4-day adult    1 digestive system, 20-day adult    1 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    0 fat body, white prepupae    2 fat body, pupae P8    5 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    8 carcass, 1-day adult    1 carcass, 4-day adult    2 carcass, 20-day adult    2 ovary, virgin 4-day female    12 ovary, mated 4-day female    18 testis, mated 4-day male    0 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    1 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    11 central nervous system, larvae L3    16 central nervous system, pupae P8    18 head, virgin 1-day female    3 head, virgin 4-day female    2 head, virgin 20-day female    1 head, mated 1-day female    3 head, mated 4-day female    1 head, mated 20-day female    1 head, mated 1-day male    4 head, mated 4-day male    3 head, mated 20-day male    3 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    0 salivary gland, white prepupae    1 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    0 digestive system, 1-day adult    0 digestive system, 4-day adult    1 digestive system, 20-day adult    1 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    0 fat body, white prepupae    2 fat body, pupae P8    5 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    8 carcass, 1-day adult    1 carcass, 4-day adult    2 carcass, 20-day adult    2 ovary, virgin 4-day female    12 ovary, mated 4-day female    18 testis, mated 4-day male    0 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    1 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    11 central nervous system, larvae L3    16 central nervous system, pupae P8    18 head, virgin 1-day female    3 head, virgin 4-day female    2 head, virgin 20-day female    1 head, mated 1-day female    3 head, mated 4-day female    1 head, mated 20-day female    1 head, mated 1-day male    4 head, mated 4-day male    3 head, mated 20-day male    3 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    0 salivary gland, white prepupae    1 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    0 digestive system, 1-day adult    0 digestive system, 4-day adult    1 digestive system, 20-day adult    1 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    0 fat body, white prepupae    2 fat body, pupae P8    5 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    8 carcass, 1-day adult    1 carcass, 4-day adult    2 carcass, 20-day adult    2 ovary, virgin 4-day female    12 ovary, mated 4-day female    18 testis, mated 4-day male    0 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    1 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    11 central nervous system, larvae L3    16 central nervous system, pupae P8    18 head, virgin 1-day female    3 head, virgin 4-day female    2 head, virgin 20-day female    1 head, mated 1-day female    3 head, mated 4-day female    1 head, mated 20-day female    1 head, mated 1-day male    4 head, mated 4-day male    3 head, mated 20-day male    3 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    0 salivary gland, white prepupae    1 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    0 digestive system, 1-day adult    0 digestive system, 4-day adult    1 digestive system, 20-day adult    1 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    0 fat body, white prepupae    2 fat body, pupae P8    5 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    8 carcass, 1-day adult    1 carcass, 4-day adult    2 carcass, 20-day adult    2 ovary, virgin 4-day female    12 ovary, mated 4-day female    18 testis, mated 4-day male    0 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    1 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate  log, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    11 central nervous system, larvae L3    16 central nervous system, pupae P8    18 head, virgin 1-day female    3 head, virgin 4-day female    2 head, virgin 20-day female    1 head, mated 1-day female    3 head, mated 4-day female    1 head, mated 20-day female    1 head, mated 1-day male    4 head, mated 4-day male    3 head, mated 20-day male    3 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    0 salivary gland, white prepupae    1 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    0 digestive system, 1-day adult    0 digestive system, 4-day adult    1 digestive system, 20-day adult    1 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    0 fat body, white prepupae    2 fat body, pupae P8    5 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    8 carcass, 1-day adult    1 carcass, 4-day adult    2 carcass, 20-day adult    2 ovary, virgin 4-day female    12 ovary, mated 4-day female    18 testis, mated 4-day male    0 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    1 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    11 central nervous system, larvae L3    16 central nervous system, pupae P8    18 head, virgin 1-day female    3 head, virgin 4-day female    2 head, virgin 20-day female    1 head, mated 1-day female    3 head, mated 4-day female    1 head, mated 20-day female    1 head, mated 1-day male    4 head, mated 4-day male    3 head, mated 20-day male    3 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    0 salivary gland, white prepupae    1 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    0 digestive system, 1-day adult    0 digestive system, 4-day adult    1 digestive system, 20-day adult    1 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    0 fat body, white prepupae    2 fat body, pupae P8    5 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    8 carcass, 1-day adult    1 carcass, 4-day adult    2 carcass, 20-day adult    2 ovary, virgin 4-day female    12 ovary, mated 4-day female    18 testis, mated 4-day male    0 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    1 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    11 central nervous system, larvae L3    16 central nervous system, pupae P8    18 head, virgin 1-day female    3 head, virgin 4-day female    2 head, virgin 20-day female    1 head, mated 1-day female    3 head, mated 4-day female    1 head, mated 20-day female    1 head, mated 1-day male    4 head, mated 4-day male    3 head, mated 20-day male    3 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    0 salivary gland, white prepupae    1 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    0 digestive system, 1-day adult    0 digestive system, 4-day adult    1 digestive system, 20-day adult    1 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    0 fat body, white prepupae    2 fat body, pupae P8    5 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    8 carcass, 1-day adult    1 carcass, 4-day adult    2 carcass, 20-day adult    2 ovary, virgin 4-day female    12 ovary, mated 4-day female    18 testis, mated 4-day male    0 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    1 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering     central nervous system, larvae L3     central nervous system, pupae P8     head, virgin 1-day female     head, virgin 4-day female     head, virgin 20-day female     head, mated 1-day female     head, mated 4-day female     head, mated 20-day female     head, mated 1-day male     head, mated 4-day male     head, mated 20-day male     salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering     salivary gland, white prepupae     digestive system, larvae L3 wandering     digestive system, 1-day adult     digestive system, 4-day adult     digestive system, 20-day adult     fat body, larvae L3 wandering     fat body, white prepupae     fat body, pupae P8     carcass, larvae L3 wandering     carcass, 1-day adult     carcass, 4-day adult     carcass, 20-day adult     ovary, virgin 4-day female     ovary, mated 4-day female     testis, mated 4-day male     accessory gland, mated 4-day male
modENCODE Development RNA-Seq
modENCODE Temporal Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_U)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max Summary of modENCODE Temporal Expression Profile: Temporal profile ranges from a peak of moderately high expression to a trough of very low expression. Peak expression observed within 00-18 hour embryonic stages, at stages throughout the pupal period. [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    1 embryo 02-04hr    5 embryo 04-06hr    21 embryo 06-08hr    33 embryo 08-10hr    43 embryo 10-12hr    42 embryo 12-14hr    36 embryo 14-16hr    27 embryo 16-18hr    17 embryo 18-20hr    12 embryo 20-22hr    6 embryo 22-24hr    7 larva L1    5 larva L2    3 larva L3 12hr old    2 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    2 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    6 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    7 white prepupae new    8 white prepupae 12hr    15 white prepupae 24hr    28 pupae 2d postWPP    24 pupae 3d postWPP    8 pupae 4d postWPP    2 adult male 01day    2 adult male 05day    1 adult male 30day    2 adult female 01day    2 adult female 05day    0 adult female 30day    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    1 embryo 02-04hr    5 embryo 04-06hr    21 embryo 06-08hr  (33) embryo 08-10hr  (43) embryo 10-12hr  (42) embryo 12-14hr  (36) embryo 14-16hr  (27) embryo 16-18hr    17 embryo 18-20hr    12 embryo 20-22hr    6 embryo 22-24hr    7 larva L1    5 larva L2    3 larva L3 12hr old    2 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    2 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    6 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    7 white prepupae new    8 white prepupae 12hr    15 white prepupae 24hr  (28) pupae 2d postWPP    24 pupae 3d postWPP    8 pupae 4d postWPP    2 adult male 01day    2 adult male 05day    1 adult male 30day    2 adult female 01day    2 adult female 05day    0 adult female 30day    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    1 embryo 02-04hr    5 embryo 04-06hr    21 embryo 06-08hr    33 embryo 08-10hr    43 embryo 10-12hr    42 embryo 12-14hr    36 embryo 14-16hr    27 embryo 16-18hr    17 embryo 18-20hr    12 embryo 20-22hr    6 embryo 22-24hr    7 larva L1    5 larva L2    3 larva L3 12hr old    2 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    2 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    6 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    7 white prepupae new    8 white prepupae 12hr    15 white prepupae 24hr    28 pupae 2d postWPP    24 pupae 3d postWPP    8 pupae 4d postWPP    2 adult male 01day    2 adult male 05day    1 adult male 30day    2 adult female 01day    2 adult female 05day    0 adult female 30day    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    1 embryo 02-04hr    5 embryo 04-06hr    21 embryo 06-08hr    33 embryo 08-10hr    43 embryo 10-12hr    42 embryo 12-14hr    36 embryo 14-16hr    27 embryo 16-18hr    17 embryo 18-20hr    12 embryo 20-22hr    6 embryo 22-24hr    7 larva L1    5 larva L2    3 larva L3 12hr old    2 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    2 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    6 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    7 white prepupae new    8 white prepupae 12hr    15 white prepupae 24hr    28 pupae 2d postWPP    24 pupae 3d postWPP    8 pupae 4d postWPP    2 adult male 01day    2 adult male 05day    1 adult male 30day    2 adult female 01day    2 adult female 05day    0 adult female 30day    0 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    1 embryo 02-04hr    5 embryo 04-06hr    21 embryo 06-08hr    33 embryo 08-10hr    43 embryo 10-12hr    42 embryo 12-14hr    36 embryo 14-16hr    27 embryo 16-18hr    17 embryo 18-20hr    12 embryo 20-22hr    6 embryo 22-24hr    7 larva L1    5 larva L2    3 larva L3 12hr old    2 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    2 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    6 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    7 white prepupae new    8 white prepupae 12hr    15 white prepupae 24hr    28 pupae 2d postWPP    24 pupae 3d postWPP    8 pupae 4d postWPP    2 adult male 01day    2 adult male 05day    1 adult male 30day    2 adult female 01day    2 adult female 05day    0 adult female 30day    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High  log, scaled to Moderate expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    1 embryo 02-04hr    5 embryo 04-06hr    21 embryo 06-08hr  (33) embryo 08-10hr  (43) embryo 10-12hr  (42) embryo 12-14hr  (36) embryo 14-16hr  27 embryo 16-18hr    17 embryo 18-20hr    12 embryo 20-22hr    6 embryo 22-24hr    7 larva L1    5 larva L2    3 larva L3 12hr old    2 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    2 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    6 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    7 white prepupae new    8 white prepupae 12hr    15 white prepupae 24hr  28 pupae 2d postWPP    24 pupae 3d postWPP    8 pupae 4d postWPP    2 adult male 01day    2 adult male 05day    1 adult male 30day    2 adult female 01day    2 adult female 05day    0 adult female 30day    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    1 embryo 02-04hr    5 embryo 04-06hr    21 embryo 06-08hr    33 embryo 08-10hr    43 embryo 10-12hr    42 embryo 12-14hr    36 embryo 14-16hr    27 embryo 16-18hr    17 embryo 18-20hr    12 embryo 20-22hr    6 embryo 22-24hr    7 larva L1    5 larva L2    3 larva L3 12hr old    2 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    2 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    6 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    7 white prepupae new    8 white prepupae 12hr    15 white prepupae 24hr    28 pupae 2d postWPP    24 pupae 3d postWPP    8 pupae 4d postWPP    2 adult male 01day    2 adult male 05day    1 adult male 30day    2 adult female 01day    2 adult female 05day    0 adult female 30day    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    1 embryo 02-04hr    5 embryo 04-06hr    21 embryo 06-08hr    33 embryo 08-10hr    43 embryo 10-12hr    42 embryo 12-14hr    36 embryo 14-16hr    27 embryo 16-18hr    17 embryo 18-20hr    12 embryo 20-22hr    6 embryo 22-24hr    7 larva L1    5 larva L2    3 larva L3 12hr old    2 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    2 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    6 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    7 white prepupae new    8 white prepupae 12hr    15 white prepupae 24hr    28 pupae 2d postWPP    24 pupae 3d postWPP    8 pupae 4d postWPP    2 adult male 01day    2 adult male 05day    1 adult male 30day    2 adult female 01day    2 adult female 05day    0 adult female 30day    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr     embryo 02-04hr     embryo 04-06hr     embryo 06-08hr     embryo 08-10hr     embryo 10-12hr     embryo 12-14hr     embryo 14-16hr     embryo 16-18hr     embryo 18-20hr     embryo 20-22hr     embryo 22-24hr     larva L1     larva L2     larva L3 12hr old     larva L3 puffstage 1-2     larva L3 puffstage 3-6     larva L3 puffstage 7-9     white prepupae new     white prepupae 12hr     white prepupae 24hr     pupae 2d postWPP     pupae 3d postWPP     pupae 4d postWPP     adult male 01day     adult male 05day     adult male 30day     adult female 01day     adult female 05day     adult female 30day     modENCODE Temporal Expression Data (Graveley et al., 2011)
modENCODE Cell Lines RNA-Seq
modENCODE Cell Line Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_cell.A) (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_cell.B)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    0 Schneider line 2 Sg4    11 embryonic 1182-4H    2 embryonic GM2    8 embryonic Kc167    0 embryonic S1    2 embryonic S3    0 leg disc CME L1    10 wing disc CME-W2    6 wing disc ML-DmD8    27 wing disc ML-DmD9    67 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    13 wing disc ML-DmD21    39 wing disc ML-DmD32    47 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    46 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    48 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    7 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    2 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    0 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    0 tumorous blood cells mbn2    0 ovary fGS/OSS    2 ovary OSC    2 ovary OSS    2 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    0 Schneider line 2 Sg4    11 embryonic 1182-4H    2 embryonic GM2    8 embryonic Kc167    0 embryonic S1    2 embryonic S3    0 leg disc CME L1    10 wing disc CME-W2    6 wing disc ML-DmD8  (27) wing disc ML-DmD9  (67) wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    13 wing disc ML-DmD21  (39) wing disc ML-DmD32  (47) haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3  (46) eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11  (48) antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    7 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    2 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    0 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    0 tumorous blood cells mbn2    0 ovary fGS/OSS    2 ovary OSC    2 ovary OSS    2 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    0 Schneider line 2 Sg4    11 embryonic 1182-4H    2 embryonic GM2    8 embryonic Kc167    0 embryonic S1    2 embryonic S3    0 leg disc CME L1    10 wing disc CME-W2    6 wing disc ML-DmD8    27 wing disc ML-DmD9    67 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    13 wing disc ML-DmD21    39 wing disc ML-DmD32    47 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    46 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    48 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    7 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    2 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    0 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    0 tumorous blood cells mbn2    0 ovary fGS/OSS    2 ovary OSC    2 ovary OSS    2 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    0 Schneider line 2 Sg4    11 embryonic 1182-4H    2 embryonic GM2    8 embryonic Kc167    0 embryonic S1    2 embryonic S3    0 leg disc CME L1    10 wing disc CME-W2    6 wing disc ML-DmD8    27 wing disc ML-DmD9    67 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    13 wing disc ML-DmD21    39 wing disc ML-DmD32    47 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    46 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    48 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    7 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    2 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    0 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    0 tumorous blood cells mbn2    0 ovary fGS/OSS    2 ovary OSC    2 ovary OSS    2 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    0 Schneider line 2 Sg4    11 embryonic 1182-4H    2 embryonic GM2    8 embryonic Kc167    0 embryonic S1    2 embryonic S3    0 leg disc CME L1    10 wing disc CME-W2    6 wing disc ML-DmD8    27 wing disc ML-DmD9    67 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    13 wing disc ML-DmD21    39 wing disc ML-DmD32    47 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    46 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    48 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    7 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    2 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    0 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    0 tumorous blood cells mbn2    0 ovary fGS/OSS    2 ovary OSC    2 ovary OSS    2 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Moderate expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    0 Schneider line 2 Sg4    11 embryonic 1182-4H    2 embryonic GM2    8 embryonic Kc167    0 embryonic S1    2 embryonic S3    0 leg disc CME L1    10 wing disc CME-W2    6 wing disc ML-DmD8  27 wing disc ML-DmD9  (67) wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    13 wing disc ML-DmD21  (39) wing disc ML-DmD32  (47) haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3  (46) eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11  (48) antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    7 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    2 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    0 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    0 tumorous blood cells mbn2    0 ovary fGS/OSS    2 ovary OSC    2 ovary OSS    2 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    0 Schneider line 2 Sg4    11 embryonic 1182-4H    2 embryonic GM2    8 embryonic Kc167    0 embryonic S1    2 embryonic S3    0 leg disc CME L1    10 wing disc CME-W2    6 wing disc ML-DmD8    27 wing disc ML-DmD9    67 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    13 wing disc ML-DmD21    39 wing disc ML-DmD32    47 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    46 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    48 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    7 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    2 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    0 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    0 tumorous blood cells mbn2    0 ovary fGS/OSS    2 ovary OSC    2 ovary OSS    2 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    0 Schneider line 2 Sg4    11 embryonic 1182-4H    2 embryonic GM2    8 embryonic Kc167    0 embryonic S1    2 embryonic S3    0 leg disc CME L1    10 wing disc CME-W2    6 wing disc ML-DmD8    27 wing disc ML-DmD9    67 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    13 wing disc ML-DmD21    39 wing disc ML-DmD32    47 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    46 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    48 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    7 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    2 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    0 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    0 tumorous blood cells mbn2    0 ovary fGS/OSS    2 ovary OSC    2 ovary OSS    2 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+     Schneider line 2 Sg4     embryonic 1182-4H     embryonic GM2     embryonic Kc167     embryonic S1     embryonic S3     leg disc CME L1     wing disc CME-W2     wing disc ML-DmD8     wing disc ML-DmD9     wing disc ML-DmD16-c3     wing disc ML-DmD21     wing disc ML-DmD32     haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3     eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11     antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5     mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1     CNS ML-DmBG1-c1     CNS ML-DmBG2-c2     tumorous blood cells mbn2     ovary fGS/OSS     ovary OSC     ovary OSS
modENCODE Treatments RNA-Seq
modENCODE Treatment Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_treatments)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    10 cold shock, 4-day adult    7 heat shock, 4-day adult    5 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    1 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    2 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    3 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    7 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    8 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    7 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    3 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    8 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    2 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    1 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    1 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    7 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    8 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    9 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    6 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    10 cold shock, 4-day adult    7 heat shock, 4-day adult    5 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    1 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    2 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    3 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    7 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    8 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    7 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    3 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    8 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    2 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    1 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    1 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    7 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    8 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    9 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    6 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    10 cold shock, 4-day adult    7 heat shock, 4-day adult    5 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    1 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    2 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    3 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    7 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    8 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    7 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    3 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    8 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    2 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    1 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    1 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    7 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    8 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    9 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    6 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    10 cold shock, 4-day adult    7 heat shock, 4-day adult    5 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    1 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    2 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    3 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    7 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    8 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    7 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    3 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    8 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    2 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    1 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    1 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    7 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    8 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    9 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    6 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    10 cold shock, 4-day adult    7 heat shock, 4-day adult    5 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    1 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    2 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    3 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    7 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    8 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    7 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    3 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    8 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    2 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    1 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    1 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    7 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    8 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    9 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    6 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate  log, scaled to Moderate expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    10 cold shock, 4-day adult    7 heat shock, 4-day adult    5 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    1 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    2 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    3 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    7 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    8 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    7 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    3 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    8 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    2 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    1 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    1 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    7 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    8 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    9 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    6 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    10 cold shock, 4-day adult    7 heat shock, 4-day adult    5 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    1 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    2 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    3 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    7 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    8 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    7 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    3 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    8 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    2 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    1 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    1 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    7 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    8 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    9 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    6 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    10 cold shock, 4-day adult    7 heat shock, 4-day adult    5 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    1 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    2 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    3 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    7 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    8 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    7 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    3 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    8 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    2 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    1 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    1 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    7 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    8 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    9 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    6 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult     cold shock, 4-day adult     heat shock, 4-day adult     Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3     Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3     Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3     Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3     Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3     Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3     Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3     Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3     Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3     Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3
Expression Clusters
	A cluster of genes with similar mRNA expression dynamics across development. (The modENCODE Consortium, 2010, Graveley et al., 2011) mE2_34_mRNA_expression_cluster_11 mE1_20_mRNA_expression_cluster_05
External Data & Images
Linkouts	BDGP expression data • RE01586 FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies • FBgn0003285 FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array • CG4125-RA FlyExpress - Embryonic expression images (BDGP data) • Show all FlyExpress processed images for rst Stages(s) 1-3 Stages(s) 4-6 Stages(s) 7-8 Stages(s) 9-10 Stages(s) 11-12 Stages(s) 13-16
Alleles & Phenotypes
Summary of Allele Phenotypes
Lethality Allele lethal | embryonic stage, with Scer\GAL4da.G32 rstScer\UAS.cSa partially lethal - majority die | adult stage | heat sensitive rsths.18ZΔ3.1 viable, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237 rstGD86 rstGD14475 viable | reduced rst1 Sterility Allele female fertile | poor rst4 female sterile rst5 rstirreC2 male sterile rst1 Other Phenotypes Allele cell death defective | dominant rstD decreased cell death | pupal stage | heat sensitive rsths.18ZΔ3.1 decreased cell death | pupal stage | recessive rstD eye color defective | dominant rstD neuroanatomy defective rst6 neuroanatomy defective, with Scer\GAL4MZ1369 rstScer\UAS.cSa small body rst1 visible rst4 rst5 rstunspecified visible, with Scer\GAL4hs.2sev rstScer\UAS.cSa visible, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237 rstGD14475 visible | dominant rstD visible | recessive rst6 visual behavior defective | heat sensitive rsths.PS wild-type, with Scer\GAL4how-24B rstScer\UAS.cSa wild-type, with Scer\GAL4twi.PB rstScer\UAS.cSa Phenotype manifest in Allele adherens junction rst6 antennal disc rst6 antennal segment 3 sensillum rst6 antennal segment 3 sensillum, with Scer\GAL4sca-P309 rstScer\UAS.cSa anterior vertical bristle rst4 rst5 cell-cell junction rst6 chaeta | supernumerary, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237 rstGD14475 cone cell, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PF rstGD2582 cone cell, with Scer\GAL4MZ1369 rstDD1.Scer\UAS embryonic/larval garland cell | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4pros.PMG rstScer\UAS.cSa embryonic/larval muscle system, with Scer\GAL4da.G32 rstScer\UAS.cSa embryonic/larval optic lobe, with Scer\GAL4elav.PLu rstScer\UAS.cSa embryonic/larval salivary gland rstD rsths.18ZΔ3.1 embryonic myoblast rsths.18ZΔ3.1 embryonic myoblast, with Scer\GAL469B rstScer\UAS.cSa embryonic myoblast, with Scer\GAL4da.G32 rstScer\UAS.cSa embryonic myoblast, with Scer\GAL4Dll-md23 rstScer\UAS.cSa embryonic somatic muscle | ectopic rst6 eye rst1 rst4 rst5 rst6 rstD eye, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PF rstGD2582 eye, with Scer\GAL4hs.2sev rstScer\UAS.cSa eye disc rst6 four cone-cell ommatidial precursor cluster, with Scer\GAL4MZ1369 rstScer\UAS.cSa interommatidial bristle, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PF rstGD2582 interommatidial bristle, with Scer\GAL4hs.2sev rstScer\UAS.cSa interommatidial bristle, with Scer\GAL4MZ1369 rstScer\UAS.cSa rstDD1.Scer\UAS interommatidial bristle | ectopic rst6 inter-ommatidial cell, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PF rstGD2582 inter-ommatidial cell | supernumerary rst6 inter-ommatidial precursor cell, with Scer\GAL4Act5C.PI rstdsRNA.Scer\UAS.cBa inter-ommatidial precursor cell, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PF rstGD2582 inter-ommatidial precursor cell | P-stage, with Scer\GAL4Act5C.PI rstScer\UAS.cSa inter-ommatidial precursor cell | pupal stage P6 rst6 inter-ommatidial precursor cell | pupal stage P7 rst6 lamina, with Scer\GAL4MZ1369 rstScer\UAS.cSa lamina neuropil, with Scer\GAL4elav.PLu rstScer\UAS.cSa lobula, with Scer\GAL4MZ1369 rstScer\UAS.cSa lobula plate, with Scer\GAL4MZ1369 rstScer\UAS.cSa nucleus | supernumerary | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4pros.PMG rstScer\UAS.cSa ommatidial precursor cluster rst6 ommatidial precursor cluster, with Scer\GAL4MZ1369 rstScer\UAS.cSa ommatidium rst1 rst6 rstD rstunspecified ommatidium, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PF rstGD2582 ommatidium, with Scer\GAL4hs.2sev rstScer\UAS.cSa ommatidium, with Scer\GAL4MZ1369 rstScer\UAS.cSa rstDD1.Scer\UAS optic chiasm, with Scer\GAL4MZ1369 rstScer\UAS.cSa optic chiasm | adult stage rstirreC1 optic lobe rstD optic lobe, with Scer\GAL4MZ1369 rstScer\UAS.cSa photoreceptor cell pigment granule rstD posterior vertical bristle rst4 rst5 postvertical bristle rst4 rst5 presumptive embryonic/larval muscle system rst6 rstirreC1 primary pigment cell rst6 primary pigment cell, with Scer\GAL4MZ1369 rstScer\UAS.cSa sacculus, with Scer\GAL4sca-P309 rstScer\UAS.cSa secondary pigment cell rstD sensillum basiconicum of antennal segment 3 rst6 sensillum trichodeum of antennal segment 3, with Scer\GAL4sca-P309 rstScer\UAS.cSa tertiary pigment cell rstD thorax & microchaeta rst4 wing hair, with Scer\GAL4wg-IS650 rstGD14475 wing margin, with Scer\GAL4wg-IS650 rstGD14475
Classical Alleles ( 20 )
For All Classical Alleles Show
Allele of rst Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion rst6 loss of function allele ethyl methanesulfonate 4 Yes rst1 X ray 1 -- rste01692 piggyBac transposase 1 -- rste03602 piggyBac transposase 1 -- rstf01179 piggyBac transposase 1 -- rstf01376 piggyBac transposase 1 -- rstf07991 piggyBac transposase 1 -- rstMB01115 1 -- rstMI03241 1 -- rstMI04842 1 -- rst2 0 -- rst3-66 P-element activity 0 Yes rst4 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- rst5 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- rst7 X ray 0 -- rst8 X ray 0 -- rstD gain of function allele 0 -- rstirreC1 PM hybrid dysgenesis P-element activity ethyl methanesulfonate 0 Yes rstirreC2 X ray 0 Yes rstunspecified 0 --
Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs ( 13 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Allele of rst Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion rstGD14475 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 2 Yes rstGD86 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 1 Yes rstJF03087 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 1 Yes rstDD1.Scer\UAS in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - deletion 0 Yes rstdsRNA.Scer\UAS.cBa in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes rstdsRNA.Scer\UAS in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - RNAi 0 Yes rstGD2582 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes rsths.18ZΔ3.1 in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - deletion 0 Yes rsths.PS in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes rstMtnA.PG in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes rstMtnA.PS in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes rstScer\UAS.cBa in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 -- rstScer\UAS.cSa in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes
Aneuploid Aberrations
Disrupted in	Df(1)62d18 (Judd et al., 1972) Df(1)BSC531 (Christensen et al., 2008.6.11) Df(1)BSC656 (Christensen et al., 2008.12.28) Df(1)BSC710 (Christensen et al., 2008.12.28) Df(1)BSC720 (Christensen et al., 2008.12.28) Df(1)JC19 (Ramos et al., 1993) Df(1)N-8 (Ruiz-Gomez et al., 2000, Thierry-Mieg, 1982, Kramers et al., 1983, Slizynska, 1938, Lin and Wolfner, 1989, Kramers et al., 1991) Df(1)N-64i16 (Lefevre and Green, 1972) Df(1)N-66i25 (Welshons, 1974) Df(1)N-68f19 (Welshons, 1974) Df(1)N-71h (Ramos et al., 1993) Df(1)N-264-31 (Slizynska, 1938) Df(1)N-264-32 (Slizynska, 1938) Df(1)N-264-36 (Slizynska, 1938) Df(1)N-264-38 (Slizynska, 1938) Df(1)N-264-58 (Demerec, 1940) Df(1)N55l (Hillman, 1958) Df(1)rst2 (Ruiz-Gomez et al., 2000, Lefevre and Green, 1972, Smolik-Utlaut and Gelbart, 1987, Judd, 1995) Df(1)Su(z)J93 (Judd, 1995) Df(1)vt (Ruiz-Gomez et al., 2000) Df(1)w (Hing and Carlson, 1996) Df(1)w-55A (Pastink et al., 1987) Df(1)w55j (Lin and Wolfner, 1989) Df(1)w67c11 (Lefevre and Green, 1972) Df(1)w67d4 (Lefevre and Green, 1972) Df(1)w67d22 (Lefevre and Green, 1972) Df(1)w67d24 (Lefevre and Green, 1972) Df(1)w67e8 (Lefevre and Green, 1972) Df(1)w67k30 (Ruiz-Gomez et al., 2000, Chen et al., 2003, Lefevre and Green, 1972, Kramers et al., 1983, Kramers et al., 1991, Massarwa et al., 2007) Df(1)w-72B (Pastink et al., 1987) Df(1)w258-42 (Ruiz-Gomez et al., 2000, Judd et al., 1972) Df(1)wEM51 (Montgomery et al., 1991) Df(1)w-DZL-2 (Bingham, 1981) Df(1)w-DZL-14 (Bingham, 1981) Df(1)w-EM3 (Montgomery et al., 1991) Df(1)w-EM22 (Montgomery et al., 1991) Df(1)w-m53a   Df(1)w-N71a (Judd et al., 1972) Df(1)w-vco   Df(2R)TE51D-17   Df(2R)TE51D-58   In(1)irreC-IR34 (Boschert et al., 1990, Ramos et al., 1991) In(1)wm4Lrst3R (Lefevre and Green, 1972) In(1LR)l-v139 (Lindsley et al., 1960) T(1;2;3)w-44 (Pastink et al., 1987) T(2;3)TE35B-5
Duplicated in	Dp(1;1)w (Lewis, 1957) Dp(1;2;Y)w+ (Judd et al., 1972, Kramers et al., 1983, Kramers et al., 1991) Dp(1;2)51b (Lefevre and Wilkins, 1966, Poulson and Lefevre, 1982, Kramers et al., 1983, Kramers et al., 1991, Judd, 1995) Dp(1;2)wm53a   Dp(1;2)w-ec (Lefevre, 1981) Dp(1;3)N50k   Dp(1;3)N264-58 (Judd et al., 1972) Dp(1;3)TE98F (Hiebert and Birchler, 1992) Dp(1;3)w+67k (Judd et al., 1972) Dp(1;3)wm49a (Judd et al., 1972, Judd, 1995) Dp(1;3)wvco (Ruiz-Gomez et al., 2000, Lefevre, 1981, Judd, 1995) Dp(1;3)wzh (Peterson et al., 1994) Dp(1;4)wm51c   Dp(1;4)wm65g (Judd et al., 1972) Dp(1;Y)y267g19.1 (Lefevre, 1981) T(1;4)wm258-18 (Ruiz-Gomez et al., 2000)
Not disrupted in	Df(1)62g18 (Judd et al., 1972, Thierry-Mieg, 1982) Df(1)64c4 (Judd et al., 1972, Thierry-Mieg, 1982) Df(1)64f1 (Judd et al., 1972, Thierry-Mieg, 1982, Lin and Wolfner, 1989) Df(1)64j4 (Judd et al., 1972, Thierry-Mieg, 1982, Lin and Wolfner, 1989) Df(1)65j26 (Judd et al., 1972, Thierry-Mieg, 1982) Df(1)HM3 (Kramers et al., 1983) Df(1)K95 (Judd et al., 1972, Thierry-Mieg, 1982) Df(1)N-54l9 (Kramers et al., 1983, Kramers et al., 1991, Mohler, 1956) Df(1)N-62b1 (Welshons, 1974) Df(1)N-81k1 (Ruiz-Gomez et al., 2000) Df(1)N-264-105 (Kramers et al., 1983, Kramers et al., 1991) Df(1)Pgd-kz (Kramers et al., 1991) Df(1)Sp2F-3A (Schalet, 1986) Df(1)TEM1 (Kramers et al., 1983, Kramers et al., 1991) Df(1)TEM7 (Thierry-Mieg, 1982, Kramers et al., 1991) Df(1)TEM202 (Kramers et al., 1983, Kramers et al., 1991) Df(1)TEM304 (Kramers et al., 1991) Df(1)TEM501 (Kramers et al., 1983, Kramers et al., 1991) Df(1)w258-11 (Judd et al., 1972) Df(1)w258-45 (Judd et al., 1972, Thierry-Mieg, 1982, Lin and Wolfner, 1989) Df(1)w258-48 (Kramers et al., 1983, Kramers et al., 1991) Df(1)wm258-44   Df(1)w-DZL-1 (Bingham, 1981) Df(1)w-DZL-3 (Bingham, 1981) Df(1)w-rJ1 (Judd et al., 1972, Thierry-Mieg, 1982, Kramers et al., 1983, Kramers et al., 1991) Df(1)w-rJ2 (Judd et al., 1972) Df(1)X12 (Judd et al., 1972, Thierry-Mieg, 1982) In(1)N66h26 (Welshons, 1974, Grimwade et al., 1985)
Not duplicated in	Dp(1;2)w+70h (Judd et al., 1972) Dp(1;3)wvco (Schalet, 1986) Tp(1;2)w+1 (Green, 1984) Tp(1;2)w+4 (Green, 1984) Tp(1;2)w+5 (Green, 1984) Tp(1;2)w+6 (Green, 1984) Tp(1;3)w+2 (Green, 1984) Tp(1;3)w+3 (Green, 1984) Tp(1;3)w+7 (Green, 1984)
Partially duplicated in	Dp(1;2)51b (Welshons and Welshons, 1986) Dp(1;2)76f (Welshons and Welshons, 1986)
Transgenic Constructs & Insertions
Transgenic Constructs
	Type of construct Name Expression data UAS construct P{GD86} NA P{GD2582} NA P{GD14475} NA P{TRiP.JF03087} NA P{UAS-rst.(HB3)R} NA P{UAS-rst.(HB3)S} NA P{UAS-rst.DD1} NA P{UAS-rst.IR} NA GAL4 construct P{rst-GAL4.F6d-CME-I/II-mut} No heat-shock construct P{ha-rst.18ZΔ3.1} NA P{hs-HB3} NA
Insertions
	Type of insertions Name Expression data miscellaneous insertions Mi{MIC}rstMI03241 NA Mi{MIC}rstMI04842 NA P{}rstirreC1 NA PBac{RB}rste01692 NA PBac{RB}rste03602 NA PBac{WH}rstf01179 NA PBac{WH}rstf01376 NA PBac{WH}rstf07991 NA insertion of enhancer trap P{lacZ}rst3-66 No insertion of enhancer trap binary system Mi{ET1}rstMB01115 No
Gene Ontology: Function, Process & Cellular Component ( 13 unique terms )
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence ( 8 terms )
Molecular Function
CV term Evidence References
PDZ domain binding inferred from physical interaction with X11L (Vishnu et al., 2006)
Biological Process
CV term Evidence References
compound eye development inferred from mutant phenotype (Araujo et al., 2003) compound eye morphogenesis inferred from mutant phenotype (Vishnu et al., 2006, Cordero et al., 2007, Larson et al., 2008, Bao et al., 2010) homophilic cell adhesion inferred from genetic interaction with hbs (Zhuang et al., 2009) lateral inhibition inferred from mutant phenotype (Mummery-Widmer et al., 2009) regulation of striated muscle tissue development inferred from mutant phenotype (Strunkelnberg et al., 2001)
Cellular Component
CV term Evidence References
apical part of cell inferred from direct assay (Simon et al., 2009) plasma membrane inferred from direct assay (Vishnu et al., 2006, Simon et al., 2009)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions ( 7 terms )
Molecular Function ( 0 terms)
Biological Process
CV term Evidence References
axonogenesis non-traceable author statement (Swiss-Prot Project Members, 1995.2.1) compound eye retinal cell programmed cell death non-traceable author statement (Swiss-Prot Project Members, 1995.2.1) traceable author statement (Gorski and Marra, 2002) homophilic cell adhesion traceable author statement (Gorski and Marra, 2002, Brachmann and Cagan, 2003) myoblast fusion traceable author statement (Dworak and Sink, 2002) retinal cell programmed cell death traceable author statement (Brachmann and Cagan, 2003)
Cellular Component
CV term Evidence References
integral to membrane non-traceable author statement (Swiss-Prot Project Members, 1995.2.1) traceable author statement (Brachmann and Cagan, 2003) plasma membrane inferred from sequence or structural similarity (Ramos et al., 1993) non-traceable author statement (Ramos, 1993)
Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene
	nuclear_gene   protein_coding_gene
Interactions & Pathways
Summary of Physical Interactions
Summary of Genetic Interactions
Interacts with	Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions rst allele Gene References rstD BacA\p35 (Araujo et al., 2003) rstirreC1 Dl (Tanenbaum et al., 2000) E(rst)D184 (Tanenbaum et al., 2000) E(rst)H125 (Tanenbaum et al., 2000) E(rst)H253 (Tanenbaum et al., 2000) rstunspecified morgue (Hays et al., 2002) unspecified E(rst)A5 (Tanenbaum et al., 2000) E(rst)B6 (Tanenbaum et al., 2000) E(rst)B37 (Tanenbaum et al., 2000) E(rst)B47 (Tanenbaum et al., 2000) E(rst)B50 (Tanenbaum et al., 2000) E(rst)B54 (Tanenbaum et al., 2000) E(rst)B80 (Tanenbaum et al., 2000) E(rst)B92 (Tanenbaum et al., 2000) E(rst)B94 (Tanenbaum et al., 2000) E(rst)B203 (Tanenbaum et al., 2000) E(rst)B246 (Tanenbaum et al., 2000) E(rst)C6 (Tanenbaum et al., 2000) E(rst)C7 (Tanenbaum et al., 2000) E(rst)C14 (Tanenbaum et al., 2000) E(rst)C41 (Tanenbaum et al., 2000) E(rst)C45 (Tanenbaum et al., 2000) E(rst)C109 (Tanenbaum et al., 2000) E(rst)C137 (Tanenbaum et al., 2000) E(rst)C162 (Tanenbaum et al., 2000) E(rst)C210 (Tanenbaum et al., 2000) E(rst)C317 (Tanenbaum et al., 2000) E(rst)C329 (Tanenbaum et al., 2000) E(rst)C349 (Tanenbaum et al., 2000) E(rst)C383 (Tanenbaum et al., 2000) E(rst)C384 (Tanenbaum et al., 2000) E(rst)C389 (Tanenbaum et al., 2000) E(rst)C408 (Tanenbaum et al., 2000) E(rst)C421 (Tanenbaum et al., 2000) E(rst)C463 (Tanenbaum et al., 2000) E(rst)C532 (Tanenbaum et al., 2000) E(rst)C544 (Tanenbaum et al., 2000) E(rst)D17 (Tanenbaum et al., 2000) E(rst)D19 (Tanenbaum et al., 2000) E(rst)D25 (Tanenbaum et al., 2000) E(rst)D61 (Tanenbaum et al., 2000) E(rst)D70 (Tanenbaum et al., 2000) E(rst)D151 (Tanenbaum et al., 2000) E(rst)D160 (Tanenbaum et al., 2000) E(rst)D187 (Tanenbaum et al., 2000) E(rst)E146 (Tanenbaum et al., 2000) E(rst)E370 (Tanenbaum et al., 2000) E(rst)F84 (Tanenbaum et al., 2000) E(rst)H42 (Tanenbaum et al., 2000) E(rst)H54 (Tanenbaum et al., 2000) E(rst)H65 (Tanenbaum et al., 2000) E(rst)H74 (Tanenbaum et al., 2000) E(rst)H94 (Tanenbaum et al., 2000) E(rst)H122 (Tanenbaum et al., 2000) E(rst)H186 (Tanenbaum et al., 2000) E(rst)I2 (Tanenbaum et al., 2000) E(rst)I12 (Tanenbaum et al., 2000) E(rst)I19 (Tanenbaum et al., 2000) E(rst)J25 (Tanenbaum et al., 2000) E(rst)J76 (Tanenbaum et al., 2000) E(rst)K45 (Tanenbaum et al., 2000) E(rst)K137 (Tanenbaum et al., 2000) E(rst)K166 (Tanenbaum et al., 2000) kirre (Strunkelnberg et al., 2001) klu (Rusconi et al., 2004) l(3)C80 (Tanenbaum et al., 2000) l(3)C101 (Tanenbaum et al., 2000) l(3)C416 (Tanenbaum et al., 2000) Mod(rst)B42 (Tanenbaum et al., 2000) Mod(rst)D252 (Tanenbaum et al., 2000) Mod(rst)D264 (Tanenbaum et al., 2000) Mod(rst)E188 (Tanenbaum et al., 2000) Mod(rst)K35 (Tanenbaum et al., 2000) Mod(rst)K46 (Tanenbaum et al., 2000) Mod(rst)K58 (Tanenbaum et al., 2000) Ras85D (Tanenbaum et al., 2000) Rcc1 (Gorski et al., 2000) Su(rst)B16 (Tanenbaum et al., 2000) Su(rst)B52 (Tanenbaum et al., 2000) Su(rst)B183 (Tanenbaum et al., 2000) Su(rst)B188 (Tanenbaum et al., 2000) Su(rst)C40 (Tanenbaum et al., 2000) Su(rst)C94 (Tanenbaum et al., 2000) Su(rst)C103 (Tanenbaum et al., 2000) Su(rst)C134 (Tanenbaum et al., 2000) Su(rst)C195 (Tanenbaum et al., 2000) Su(rst)C233 (Tanenbaum et al., 2000) Su(rst)C352 (Tanenbaum et al., 2000) Su(rst)C379 (Tanenbaum et al., 2000) Su(rst)C451 (Tanenbaum et al., 2000) Su(rst)C478 (Tanenbaum et al., 2000) Su(rst)D49 (Tanenbaum et al., 2000) Su(rst)D63 (Tanenbaum et al., 2000) Su(rst)D121 (Tanenbaum et al., 2000) Su(rst)D124 (Tanenbaum et al., 2000) Su(rst)D207 (Tanenbaum et al., 2000) Su(rst)D231 (Tanenbaum et al., 2000) Su(rst)E122 (Tanenbaum et al., 2000) Su(rst)E124 (Tanenbaum et al., 2000) Su(rst)E156 (Tanenbaum et al., 2000) Su(rst)E218 (Tanenbaum et al., 2000) Su(rst)E252 (Tanenbaum et al., 2000) Su(rst)E290 (Tanenbaum et al., 2000) Su(rst)E304 (Tanenbaum et al., 2000) Su(rst)E358 (Tanenbaum et al., 2000) Su(rst)E392 (Tanenbaum et al., 2000) Su(rst)G67 (Tanenbaum et al., 2000) Su(rst)J45 (Tanenbaum et al., 2000) Su(var) (Spofford, 1965) X11L (Vishnu et al., 2006)
External Data
Linkouts	BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions • 57820 DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions. • FBgn0003285 InterologFinder Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets. • 31290
Orthologs
OrthoDB Orthologs (40) - based on analysis using Dmel annotation version 5.41
OrthoDB Ortholog Groups
	OrthoDB orthology group searches (Waterhouse et al., 2011, Nucleic Acids Res. 39(Database issue): D283--D288) Drosophila inclusive ortholog search EOG69GM25 Dipteran inclusive ortholog search EOG6DV5VD Insect inclusive ortholog search EOG6N8Q0V Arthropod inclusive ortholog search EOG6GTHV0 Metazoa inclusive ortholog search EOG62G59J
Orthologs in Drosophila Species (EOG69GM25)
Organism Common Name Gene AAA Syntenic Ortholog Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly  Dmel\rst     Drosophila simulans   Dsim\GD16346 Y   Drosophila sechellia   Dsec\GM18845 Y   Drosophila erecta   Dere\GG18598 Y   Drosophila yakuba   Dyak\GE16910 Y   Drosophila ananassae   Dana\GF22469 Y   Drosophila pseudoobscura pseudoobscura   Dpse\GA27134 Y   Drosophila persimilis   Dper\GL19784     Drosophila willistoni   Dwil\GK25392     Drosophila virilis   Dvir\rst     Drosophila mojavensis   Dmoj\GI10959 Y   Drosophila grimshawi   Dgri\GH12264 Y
Orthologs in non-Drosophila Dipterans (EOG6DV5VD)
Organism Common Name Gene Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Aedes aegypti Yellow fever mosquito  Aaeg\AAEL002754 Y Aedes aegypti Yellow fever mosquito  Aaeg\AAEL002732 Y Anopheles gambiae Malaria mosquito  Agam\AGAP000217 Y Anopheles gambiae Malaria mosquito  Agam\AGAP000218 Y Culex quinquefasciatus Southern house mosquito  Cqui\CPIJ006789 Y Culex quinquefasciatus Southern house mosquito  Cqui\CPIJ009311 Y
Orthologs in non-Dipteran Insects (EOG6N8Q0V)
Organism Common Name Gene Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Apis mellifera Western honey bee  Amel\GB49778 Y Apis mellifera Western honey bee  Amel\GB40327 Y Nasonia vitripennis Parasitic wasp  Nvit\Nasvi2EG007772 Y Acromyrmex echinatior Panamanian leafcutter ant  Aech\AECH10957 Y Atta cephalotes Leafcutter ant  Acep\ACEP20092 Y Atta cephalotes Leafcutter ant  Acep\ACEP20091 Y Camponotus floridanus Florida carpenter ant  Cflo\CFLO13507 Y Harpegnathos saltator Jerdons jumping ant  Hsal\HSAL19775 Y Linepithema humile Argentine ant  Lhum\LH23703 Y Linepithema humile Argentine ant  Lhum\LH23702 Y Pogonomyrmex barbatus Red harvester ant  Pbar\PB26029 Y Solenopsis invicta Red fire ant  Sinv\SINV13955 Y Acyrthosiphon pisum Pea aphid  Apim\ACYPI28711 Y Bombyx mori Silkmoth  Bmor\BGIBMGA013289 Y Bombyx mori Silkmoth  Bmor\BGIBMGA013290 Y Bombyx mori Silkmoth  Bmor\BGIBMGA013310 Y Pediculus humanus Human body louse  Phum\PHUM111230 Y Tribolium castaneum Red flour beetle  Tcas\TC002914 Y
Orthologs in non-Insect Arthropods (EOG6GTHV0)
Organism Common Name Gene Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Daphnia pulex Water flea  Dpux\nad5 Y Ixodes scapularis Deer tick  Isca\ISCW023039 Y
Orthologs in non-Arthropod Metazoa (EOG62G59J)
Organism Common Name Gene Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Caenorhabditis elegans Nematode  Cele\K02E10.8 Y Danio rerio Zebrafish  Drer\kirrelb Y
Human Orthologs (0)
Gene OMIM HGNC
AAA Orthologs (8) based on analysis using Dmel annotation version 4.3
Organism Gene Drosophila simulans Dsim\GD16346 Drosophila sechellia Dsec\GM18845 Drosophila erecta Dere\GG18598 Drosophila yakuba Dyak\GE16910 Drosophila ananassae Dana\GF22469 Drosophila pseudoobscura pseudoobscura Dpse\GA27134 Drosophila mojavensis Dmoj\GI10959 Drosophila grimshawi Dgri\GH12264
Stocks & Reagents
Stocks Listed in FlyBase ( 17 )
Bloomington	1528 gtQ292 rst6/FM7a 1530 y1 gtE6 rst6
Harvard	- PBac{RB}rste01692 - PBac{RB}rste03602 - PBac{WH}rstf01179 - PBac{WH}rstf01376 - PBac{WH}rstf07991
Kyoto	106368 gtQ292 rst6/FM7a 106370 y1 gtE6 rst6
VDRC	v951 w1118; P{GD86}v951 v27223 w1118; P{GD14475}v27223 v27225 w1118; P{GD14475}v27225
	More stocks available...
Genomic Clones ( 2 )
	BACR03D13 BACR34O03 Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete
cDNA Clones ( 101 )
	Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see GBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.
cDNA Clones, Fully Sequenced
BDGP DGC clones	RE01586
Other clones	FI03204
cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
BDGP DGC clones	LP06464 RE05391 RE07526 RE07595 RE15264 RE39857 RE53428 RE57931 RE62316 RE62916
Other clones	5016 18712 33605 35817 37697 38724 58766 70857 81778 82966 83027 99572 105481 106384 107529 118757 193341 214221.7 214573.41 CK01.29D.G8 CK01.59D.B4 CK01.105A.E2 CK02627 CK845775 EC051264 EC053489 EC053494 EC053762 EK048338 EK050106 EK087949 EK123556 EK144127 EK146935 EK151825 EK155919 EK159106 EK166404 EK215211 EK216652 EK222060 EK230932 EK231913 EK296132 EP00915 EP16043 RP004022343 RP004084156 RP004089705 RP004106850 RP004152075 RP004172146 RP004183678 RP004202694 RP004204525 RP004207509 RP004209234 RP004214338 RP004222298 RP004227561 RP004228574 RP004238045 RP004238098 RP004240904 RP004244242 RP004251802 RP004252890 RP004254844 RP004255395 RP004257546 RP004263145 RP004265828 RP004327721 RP004371063 RP004376644 RP004390223 RP004424887 RP004453159 RP004487099 RP004495691 RP004509497 RP004512690 RP004520112 RP004520309 RP004533555 RP004535280 RP004542884 RP004547151 RP004552114
RNAi & Array Information
Linkouts	DRSC - Results from RNAi screens. • FBgn0003285 GenomeRNAi - GenomeRNAi – A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents • 31290
Antibody Information
Other Information
Discoverer
Etymology
Identification
Relationship to Other Genes
Source for database identity of	Source for identity of: rst CG4125 (Gabrielian, 1999.11)
Source for database merge of	Source for merge of: rst UB883 (Fischbach, 2001.12.10)
Additional comments
Other Comments
	rst is required for differentiation and time of death of interommatidial cells during pupal stages of compound eye development. (Araujo et al., 2003) rst and kirre act redundantly during muscle development as myoblast attractants. (Strunkelnberg et al., 2001) Loss of function and misexpression of rst results in an altered arrangement of sensory organ founder cells within the antennal disc. (Reddy et al., 1999) Amorphic mutations of z are strong recessive enhancers of position effect variegation (PEV) for the w, rst and N loci. (Judd, 1995) Restricted expression of the rst protein is required for normal axonal projections of columnar visual neurons. (Schneider et al., 1995) rst gene product is required for the normal number of cell deaths in the eye imaginal discs. (Ramos et al., 1993) Eyes rough and bulging; facets irregular in size and arrangement. In optic ganglia, fiber tracts from the medulla to the lobula plate penetrate lobula neuropil instead of projecting through second optic chiasm; occasionally, ectopic bundles of axonal fibers penetrate lobula-plate neuropil; in most severely deformed individuals, lobula and lobula plate are partly fused. In first optic chiasm, fibers from lamina are misrouted, taking detour around posterior medulla neuropil, penetrating the latter at variable positions on its inner (posterior) face from which positions the fiber tracts turn around and form normal-appearing terminals in retinotopic locations. Gynandromorph analysis showed that eye genotype does not induce optic lobe phenotypes. It also appears as if first- (or second-) chiasm defect does not induce that in the second (or first); among several mutant individuals analyzed, there is no correlation between the anatomical abnormalities in these two locations (though there is high correlation between defective first or second chiasm in left and right sides of head). Optic lobe pioneer axons <up>larval neurons, which persist into adulthood and can be seen following path of first optic chiasm and may guide newly growing fibers during formation of imaginal visual system</up> are displaced in rst pupae, with their axons having followed ectopic pathways. (Lindsley and Zimm, 1992) rst is required for normal elimination of surplus cells from the retinal epithelium. Cell death eliminates 2 or 3 cells per ommatidium 35 and 50 hours after pupation. (Wolff and Ready, 1991) rst is necessary for the correct projection of visual fibres in the optic chiasms of optic ganglia. (Boschert et al., 1990)
External Crossreferences & Linkouts
Sequence Crossreferences
	RefSeq (Transcripts) • NM_080319 RefSeq (Proteins) • NP_525058 DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank • AAA16632 AAF45845 AAM75049 ABB84425 ABB84426 ABB84427 ABB84428 ABB84429 ABB84430 ABB84431 ABB84432 ABB84433 ABB84434 ABB84435 ABB84436 ABB84437 ABB84438 ABB84439 ABB84440 ABB84441 ABB84442 ABB84443 ABB84444 ABB84445 ABB84446 ABB84447 ABB84448 ABB84449 ABB84450 ABB84451 ABB84452 ABB84453 ABB84454 ABB84455 ABB84456 ABB84457 ABB84458 ABB84459 ABB84460 ABB84461 ABB84462 ABB84463 AY128456 BI162211 CAA79756 CK845775 CZ479500 CZ481354 CZ483662 CZ483851 CZ490681 DQ277015 DQ277016 DQ277017 DQ277018 DQ277019 DQ277020 DQ277021 DQ277022 DQ277023 DQ277024 DQ277025 DQ277026 DQ277027 DQ277028 DQ277029 DQ277030 DQ277031 DQ277032 DQ277033 DQ277034 DQ277035 DQ277036 DQ277037 DQ277038 DQ277039 DQ277040 DQ277041 DQ277042 DQ277043 DQ277044 DQ277045 DQ277046 DQ277047 DQ277048 DQ277049 DQ277050 DQ277051 DQ277052 DQ277053 L11040 Z21641 Entrez Gene - A searchable database of RefSeq genes. • 31290 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot • Q08180
Other Crossreferences
	InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites • Immunoglobulin subtype 2 (IPR003598) Immunoglobulin subtype (IPR003599) Immunoglobulin-like domain (IPR007110) CD80-like, immunoglobulin C2-set (IPR013162) Immunoglobulin-like fold (IPR013783) Immunoglobulin I-set (IPR013098) BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis • RE01586
Linkouts
	BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions • 57820 DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions. • FBgn0003285 DRSC - Results from RNAi screens. • FBgn0003285 FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies • FBgn0003285 FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array • CG4125-RA FlyMine - Integrated genomics database for Drosophila, Anopheles, and C.elegans • FBgn0003285 GenomeRNAi - GenomeRNAi – A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents • 31290 Interactive Fly - A cyberspace guide to Drosophila development and metazoan evolution • /hjmuller/roughst1.htm InterologFinder Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets. • 31290 modMine - Data generated by the modENCODE project. • FBgn0003285 REDfly - A database of transcriptional regulatory elements. • FBgn0003285
Synonyms & Secondary IDs ( 30 )
Reported As
Symbol Synonym	CG4125 (Quinones-Coello, 2007, Perkins et al., 2009) CT13684 (Hynes and Zhao, 2000) IREE-C (Halaby and Mornon, 1998) IrreC (Lee et al., 2010, Dworak and Sink, 2002, Bazigou et al., 2007) irreC (Grzeschik and Knust, 2005, Hynes and Zhao, 2000, Ramos, 1993, Garcia-Alonso, 1999, Araujo et al., 1996, Schneider et al., 1995, Levine et al., 1995, Ramos et al., 1993, Steller and Grether, 1994, Boschert et al., 1990, Ramos et al., 1989, Ramos et al., 1993, Meinertzhagen and Hanson, 1993, Tix et al., 1991, Ramos et al., 1991, Ramos et al., 1991, Boschert et al., 1990, Tepass and Harris, 2007, Takemura and Adachi-Yamada, 2011, Sugie et al., 2010, Helmstadter et al., 2012, Bulchand et al., 2010) Irre-C (Chen et al., 2007) IRREC/RST (Galletta et al., 2003) IrreC/Rst (Schäfer et al., 2007) IrrecC (Ackley and Jin, 2004) irrecC-rst (Martinek and Gaul, 1997) IrreC-rst (Galletta et al., 2004, Rusconi et al., 2004, Strunkelnberg et al., 2001, Hiesinger et al., 2001, Struenkelnberg et al., 1999, Hiesinger et al., 1999, Hiesinger et al., 1997, Koushika et al., 1996, Reiter et al., 1995, Grzeschik et al., 2007, Mehta et al., 2005, Mehta, 2005, Seppa et al., 2008) irreC-rst (Hays et al., 2002, Brachmann and Cagan, 2003, Gorski and Marra, 2002, Tanenbaum et al., 2000, Kompass et al., 2000, Reddy et al., 1999, Bader and Fischbach, 1999, Apitz et al., 1999, Sulzbacher et al., 1997, Reiter et al., 1997, Fischbach, 1997, Tanenbaum et al., 1998, Gorski et al., 1997, Reiter et al., 1996, Schneider et al., 1995, White and Steller, 1995, Fischbach, 1995, Gorski et al., 2000) IrreC-Rst (Bao et al., 2002) rst (Liu et al., 2005, Menon et al., 2005, Apitz et al., 2005, Quinones-Coello, 2007, Zhuang et al., 2008, Christensen et al., 2008.6.11, Larson et al., 2008, Takemura and Adachi-Yamada, 2011, Sun and Birchler, 2009, Haralalka et al., 2011, Sugie et al., 2010, Susic-Jung et al., 2012, Johnson et al., 2011, Christensen et al., 2008.12.28, Christensen et al., 2008.12.28, Christensen et al., 2008.12.28, Massarwa et al., 2007, Weavers et al., 2009, Copeland et al., 2007, Shelton et al., 2009, Simon et al., 2009, Cordero et al., 2007, Popodi et al., 2010-, Helmstadter et al., 2012, Bulchand et al., 2010, Bao et al., 2010, Vogel et al., 2009, Kazemian et al., 2010, Strunkelnberg et al., 2003, Venken et al., 2010, Manning et al., 2012) Rst (Vishnu et al., 2006, Linneweber and Fischbach, 2007, Chen et al., 2007, Williamson et al., 2010, Höhne et al., 2011, Johnson et al., 2008, Hoehne et al., 2005, Bulchand et al., 2010, Bao et al., 2010, Seppa et al., 2008) rst/irrecC (Banks and Corbin, 2003) rst-irreC (Octacilio-Silva et al., 2001) rst-irrecC (Ramos et al., 1997, Machado et al., 1997) UB883
Name Synonym	ChiasmC-roughest (Richardson and Kumar, 2002) irreC-roughest (Ramos, 1993.2.5, Davis and Judd, 1995) Irregular-chiasm-C (Bulchand et al., 2010) irregular chiasm C-roughest (Freeman et al., 2004, Strunkelnberg et al., 2001) irregular chiasm-C-roughest (Brachmann and Cagan, 2003) Irregular chiasmC-roughest (Gorski et al., 2000) Irregular chiasm C-roughest protein (Lee et al., 2010) irregular optic chiasma C   Irregular optic chiasma C/Roughest (Schäfer et al., 2007) roughest (Lee et al., 2010, Tepass and Harris, 2007, Apitz et al., 2005, Larson et al., 2008, Takemura and Adachi-Yamada, 2011, Sun and Birchler, 2009, Weavers et al., 2009, Krejcí et al., 2009, Copeland et al., 2007, Simon et al., 2009, Bao and Cagan, 2005, Bernard et al., 2010, Vogel et al., 2009) Roughest (Bazigou et al., 2007, LeBrasseur, 2005, Chen et al., 2007, Johnson et al., 2011, Johnson et al., 2008, Seppa et al., 2008, Hoehne et al., 2005, Helmstadter et al., 2012, Bulchand et al., 2010, Bao et al., 2010)
Secondary FlyBase IDs
	FBgn0001272 FBgn0005381
References ( 238 )
Generate a list of	All references relating to this gene ( 238 )
List References by type	Research paper  ( 128 ) Supplementary material  ( 8 ) Review  ( 28 ) Erratum  ( 1 ) Personal communication to FlyBase  ( 16 ) Abstract  ( 46 ) FlyBase analysis  ( 1 ) DNA/RNA sequence record  ( 2 ) Note  ( 1 ) Curated genome annotation  ( 3 ) Book  ( 1 ) Protein sequence record  ( 1 ) Website  ( 1 )
Recent research papers ( 11 )
	Kaipa et al., 2013, J. Cell Sci. 126(1): 360--372 Dock mediates Scar- and WASp-dependent actin polymerization through interaction with cell adhesion molecules in founder cells and fusion-competent myoblasts. [FBrf0221091] Gildor et al., 2012, Development 139(21): 4040--4050 Bidirectional Notch activation represses fusion competence in swarming adult Drosophila myoblasts. [FBrf0219658] Helmstadter et al., 2012, PLoS ONE 7(7): e40300 Functional Study of Mammalian Neph Proteins in Drosophila melanogaster. [FBrf0218912] Junion et al., 2012, Cell 148(3): 473--486 A transcription factor collective defines cardiac cell fate and reflects lineage history. [FBrf0217404] Manning et al., 2012, Cell Rep. 2(4): 1002--1013 A Resource for Manipulating Gene Expression and Analyzing cis-Regulatory Modules in the Drosophila CNS. [FBrf0219785] Susic-Jung et al., 2012, Dev. Biol. 370(1): 86--97 Multinucleated smooth muscles and mononucleated as well as multinucleated striated muscles develop during establishment of the male reproductive organs of Drosophila melanogaster. [FBrf0219326] Haralalka et al., 2011, Development 138(8): 1551--1562 Asymmetric Mbc, active Rac1 and F-actin foci in the fusion-competent myoblasts during myoblast fusion in Drosophila. [FBrf0213340] Höhne et al., 2011, Mol. Cell. Biol. 31(16): 3241--3251 The BAR Domain Protein PICK1 Regulates Cell Recognition and Morphogenesis by Interacting with Neph Proteins. [FBrf0214537] Johnson et al., 2011, Mol. Biol. Cell 22(23): 4513--4526 Role for a Cindr-Arf6 axis in patterning emerging epithelia. [FBrf0216708] Machado et al., 2011, PLoS ONE 6(8): e22536 rst Transcriptional Activity Influences kirre mRNA Concentration in the Drosophila Pupal Retina during the Final Steps of Ommatidial Patterning. [FBrf0214740] Takemura and Adachi-Yamada, 2011, Dev. Biol. 357(2): 336--346 Cell death and selective adhesion reorganize the dorsoventral boundary for zigzag patterning of Drosophila wing margin hairs. [FBrf0214791] Show all research papers ...
Recent reviews ( 1 )
	Broadie et al., 2011, Dev. Neurobiol. 71(11): 1102--1130 Extracellular matrix and its receptors in drosophila neural development. [FBrf0216377] Show all reviews ...