Gene Dmel\ry

FlyGene Wiki Help Close All Open All

General Information

Symbol

Dmel\ry

Species

D. melanogaster

Name

rosy

Annotation symbol

CG7642

Feature type

protein_coding_gene

FlyBase ID

FBgn0003308

Gene Model Status

Current

Stock availability

6765 publicly available

Also Known As

XDH

Genomic Location

Chromosome (arm)

Recombination map

3-52.0

Cytogenetic map

87D9-87D9

Sequence location

3R:8,858,250..8,863,742 [+]

Genomic Maps

Select View:

Summary Information

Automatically generated summary

See sections below for more information

The gene rosy is referred to in FlyBase by the symbol Dmel\ry (CG7642, FBgn0003308). It is a protein_coding_gene from Drosophila melanogaster. It is reported to have molecular function: xanthine dehydrogenase activity. There is experimental evidence that it is involved in the biological process: pyrimidine nucleobase metabolic process; determination of adult lifespan; arginine metabolic process; tryptophan metabolic process; glycerophospholipid metabolic process; purine nucleobase metabolic process. 356 alleles are reported. The phenotypes of these alleles are annotated with: Malpighian tubule; pigment cell. It has one annotated transcript and one annotated polypeptide. Protein features are: 2Fe-2S ferredoxin, iron-sulphur binding site; 2Fe-2S ferredoxin-type domain; Aldehyde oxidase/xanthine dehydrogenase; Aldehyde oxidase/xanthine dehydrogenase, a/b hammerhead; Aldehyde oxidase/xanthine dehydrogenase, molybdopterin binding; Beta-grasp domain; CO dehydrogenase flavoprotein, C-terminal; CO dehydrogenase flavoprotein-like, FAD-binding, subdomain 2; FAD-binding, type 2; FAD-binding, type 2, subdomain 1; Molybdopterin dehydrogenase, FAD-binding; Oxidoreductase, molybdopterin binding site; Xanthine dehydrogenase, small subunit; [2Fe-2S]-binding. Summary of modENCODE Temporal Expression Profile: Temporal profile ranges from a peak of moderate expression to a trough of very low expression. Peak expression observed within 00-06 and 12-24 hour embryonic stages, at stages throughout the larval period, at stages throughout the pupal period, in stages of adults of both sexes. Summary of FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data: Expression at high levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult Malpighian tubules. Expression at moderate levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult head, adult eye, larval Malpighian tubules, adult heart, larval/adult fat body, adult salivary gland, adult spermathecae, adult carcass. Comments on Affy2 ProbeSet: ProbeSet 1638882_at completely aligns to an exonic region of the only FlyBase-annotated transcript isoform of ry. Gene sequence location is 3R:8858250..8863742.

User Contributed Data

Beta version, feedback welcome

Phenotypic Description from the Red Book (Lindsley & Zimm 1992)

Gene/Allele symbols may differ from current usage

ry: rosy (A. Chovick and colleagues)

The structural gene for xanthine dehydrogenase [XDH (EC.1.2.1.37)]; it is a homodimer with subunit molecular weight estimated from its DNA sequence as 146,898 daltons (Keith, Riley, Kreitman, Lewontin, Curtis, and Chambers, 1987, Genetics 116: 67-73). Enzyme level responds to dose of ry+ alleles (Grell, 1962, Z. Indukt. Abstamm. Vererbungsl. 93: 371-77). XDH is a molybdenum hydroxylase and requires the activity of cin+, lxd+, mal+ for normal activity, though not for normal levels of CRM (Glassman, Shinoda, Duke, and Collins, 1968, Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 151: 263-73). CRM (cross reacting material) contains bound molybdenum in the presence of mal; however, enzyme activity inhibited (Andres 1976, Eur. J. Biochem. 62: 591-600). Homozygotes for null alleles lack XDH activity (Forrest, Glassman, and Mitchell, 1956, Science 124: 725-26; Glassman and Mitchell, 1959, Genetics 44: 153-62; Hubby and Forrest, 1960, Genetics 45: 211-24) and have reddish brown eyes; accumulate enzyme's substrates, xanthine and 2-amino-4-hydroxypteridine as larvae plus hypoxanthine in the adult; precursors collect as solid granules in Malpighian tubules (Bonse, 1967, Z. Naturforsch. 22B: 1027-29); lack enzyme products uric acid and isoxanthopterin (Mitchell, Glassman, and Hadorn, 1959, Science 129: 268-69). Mutant homozygotes are also sensitive to administration of purine to the medium (Glassman, 1965, Fed. Proc. 24: 1243-51); survival on purine supplemented medium can be used to select for rare ry+ recombinants (Chovnick, Ballantyne, Baillie, and Holm, 1970, Genetics 66: 315-29) and unequal crossovers producing tandem duplications (Gelbart and Chovnick, 1979, Genetics 92: 849-59). Hypomorphic alleles that have normal eye color are also sensitive to appropriate levels of purine supplementation; furthermore, both wild types and hypomorphs can be made to display mutant eye color by administration of appropriate levels of the XDH inhibitor, HPP (allopurinol) [4-hydroxypyrazolo-(3,4-d) pyrimidine] (Glassman, 1965, Fed. Proc. 24: 1243-51; Boni, DeLerma, and Parisi, 1967, Experientia 23: 186-87; McCarron and Chovnick, 1981, Genetics 97: s70-71); in vitro and in vivo complementation between mal and ry products was demonstrated by Glassman (1952, Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 48: 1491-97; Glassman and McLean, 1962, Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 48: 1712-18). Pigmentation is nonautonomous in ry eye disks transplanted into wild-type hosts (Hadorn and Schwink, 1956, Nature 177: 940-41). Enzyme levels climb from low levels in the zygote to a peak at puparium formation; the level then falls but increases again to a maximum a few days after eclosion (Chovnick, McCarron, Hilliker, O'Donnell, Gelbart, and Clark, 1978, Cold Spring Harbor Symp. Quant. Biol. 42: 1011-21). Enzyme derived from the paternal genome appears during gastrulation; activity at time zero is low in ry+ zygotes produced by ry/+ females but undetectable in those produced by ry females (Sayles, Browder, and Williamson, 1973, Dev. Biol. 33: 213-17). Enzyme activity present in larval and adult fat bodies, larval and adult Malpighian tubules, and, in smaller amounts, in various regions of the larval and adult gut [Ursprung and Hadorn, 1961, Experientia 17: 230-31; Munz, 1964, Z. Indukt. Abstamm. Vererbungsl. 95: 195-210; Reaume, Clark, and Chovnick, 1989, Genetics 123: 503-09; Reaume (unpublished observations)]. XDH is not synthesized in the adult eye, but is transported there [Reaume et al., 1989].

ry409

Designation applied to the site at -1145 in ry+4 that is responsible for the higher than normal XDH CRM of that allele (i.e., ry409H vs. ry409N, the normal alternative; Curtis, Clark, Chovnick, and Bender, 1989, Genetics 122: 653-61). Enzyme activity two to three times that of other ry+ alleles (Chovnick, Gelbart, McCarron, Osmond, Candido, and Baillie, 1976, Genetics 84: 223-55); large tissue-specific increase in specific activity observed in late third-instar larval fat body, but not Malpighian tubules; mRNA levels 3.2 times higher than normal (Covington, Fleenor, and Devlin, 1976, Genetics 84: 211-32; see also Clark, Daniels, Rushlow, Hilliker, and Chovnick, 1984, Genetics 108: 953-68). Maps genetically to the right of ry1005 (Clark et al., 1984).

ry1005

Designation applied to the site at -1701 in ry+10 that is responsible for the lower than normal XDH CRM of that allele (i.e., ry1005L vs. ry1005N, the normal alternative) (Curtis, Clark, Chovnick, and Bender, 1989, Genetics 122: 653-61). Enzyme levels 50% those of other normal alleles (McCarron, O'Donnell, Chovnick, Bhullar, Hewitt, and Candido, 1979, Genetics 91: 275-93); mRNA levels 52% normal (Covington, Fleenor, and Devlin, 1976, Genetics 84: 211-32). Maps genetically to the left of ry409 (Clark, Daniels, Rushlow, Hilliker, and Chovnick, 1984, Genetics 108: 953-68).

Recent Updates

Description

What does this section display?

This section contains items that were added to this record for each release. It currently only tracks new links between this FlyBase report and other FlyBase data classes (e.g. genes, references, stocks) or controlled vocabulary terms (e.g. GO, anatomy terms).

What does this section not display?

This section does not currently display links that were removed or gene model changes.

Update Feed

Click the icon below to subscribe to this FlyBase record and receive updates automatically through your feed reader.

FB2013_03

FB2013_02

All updates

Click here to see a list of all updates to this record from FB2010_08 and on.

Detailed Mapping Data

FlyBase Computed Cytological Location

Cytogenetic map

Evidence for location

87D9-87D9

Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{PZ}CtBP⁰³⁴⁶³ and P{lacW}B52^s2249&P{lacW}flfl^L4179

Experimentally Determined Cytological Location

Cytogenetic map

Notes

References

87D11-87D12