sp, l(1)G0309, l(1)G0262, spatula, l(1)G0483
transcription factor - human TEF-1 homolog - a downstream effector molecule in the Wingless pathway of wing imaginal discs - partners Vestigial and Yorkie to act as a transcription factor - modified by Hippo and Wingless signalling - involved in wing and neuronal specification.
Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\sd for information on other features
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Gene model reviewed during 5.55
Gene model reviewed during 5.43
Gene model reviewed during 6.02
Annotated transcripts do not represent all possible combinations of alternative exons and/or alternative promoters.
Low-frequency RNA-Seq exon junction(s) not annotated.
Gene model reviewed during 5.50
gene_with_stop_codon_read_through ; SO:0000697
Stop-codon suppression (UAG) postulated; FBrf0243886.
Gene model reviewed during 6.32
4.5, 3.3 (northern blot)
440 (aa)
The C-terminus of sd interacts with the C-terminal serine-rich protein domain of vg, to form a complex which acts as a selector for wing development. Interacts (via C-terminus) with yki (via N-terminus) and this interaction enhances its transcriptional activity.
Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\sd using the Feature Mapper tool.
Comment: maternally deposited
Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium
Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium
Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium
Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium
Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium
Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium
sd transcripts are observed in many cells in the developing embryo. Elevated levels are seen in the heart region of the dorsal vessel and in somatic muscle in stage 13 embryos. Elevated sd levels are no longer seen in somatic muscle by stage 16. Expression is observed in the salivary glands at stage 16.
sd expression is first observed in embryos at stage 9 in cephalic neuroblasts. Expression continues weakly in the CNS throughout embryogenesis and includes sheath cells. Expression in the PNS is first observed at stage 11. By stage 14, intense staining is seen in ventral and lateral sense organs along the trunk and in the antennomaxillary complex. During head involution, strong expression is observed in the antennomaxillary complex and in the labral sense organs. In larvae, expression is observed in a restricted set of cells in the optic proliferation centers, the cerebral hemispheres and the ventral ganglion. The cells are probably not neuroblasts and may be glia or sheath cells. sd expression is observed in all of the imaginal discs except the labial disc. Expression in the wing disc occurs in regions that will give rise to the adult wing blade, the scutellum, and the mesopleura. In the eye disc, expression initiates immediately behind the morphogenetic furrow. In adults, sd expression is observed in discrete regions of the adult brain including cell bodies in the suboesophageal ganglion, nuclei lying medial to the antennal neuropile and within the lobular plate, cell bodies in the calyx of the mushroom bodies and cell bodies in the protocerebrum. Expression is also observed in the proboscis in two cells per sensillum that are thought to be the sheath cell and the glial cell. The sacculus and a subset of cells in the olfactory sensilla show expression as well as photoreceptor cells and restricted cells in the ventral ganglion. Finally, expression is observed in the jump muscle and in hairs located all over the adult cuticle. The expression pattern was observed from in situ hybridization experiments and deduced from the enhancer trap expression pattern. The probe used does not distinguish between sd transcripts.
sd transcripts are detected in RNA from embryos, larvae, and adults.
Comment: descendents
GBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals
View Dmel\sd in GBrowse 21-52
Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete
Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see GBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.
For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.
polyclonal
Source for identity of: sd CG8544
Source for merge of: sd EP1088
Source for merge of: sd l(1)G0239 l(1)G0262 l(1)G0309 l(1)G0483
Source for merge of: sd anon- EST:Liang-2.14
Hsap\TCF13 can substitute for sd function.
sd function is not required for the establishment of the flight appendage primordia.
The wg product is required to restrict the expression of the apterous gene to dorsal cells in the developing wing and to promote the expression of the vestigial and scalloped genes that demarcate the wing primordia and are required for the development of the wing proper. The pro-wing vg and sd genes regulate each other.
sd is essential for normal development. Mutation analysis suggests that sd might be haploinsufficient for both the wing margin and ectopic bristle traits.