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Gene Dmel\shd

General Information
Symbol	Dmel\shd	Species	D. melanogaster
Name	shade	Annotation symbol	CG13478
Feature type	protein_coding_gene	FlyBase ID	FBgn0003388
Gene Model Status	Current	Stock availability	5 publicly available
Also Known As	Cyp314a1
Genomic Location
Chromosome (arm)	3L	Recombination map	3-41
Cytogenetic map	70E4-70E4	Sequence location	3L:14,607,558..14,615,305 [+]
Genomic Maps Select View:Gene Models/EvidenceExpression/RegulationMegaViewGene Disruptions, Stocks and Reagents Beta	Decorated FastA GenBankGFF Gene region Extended Gene region CDSIntronsExonsTranslationsTranscripts3' UTR5' UTR
Summary Information
Automatically generated summary See sections below for more information	The gene shade is referred to in FlyBase by the symbol Dmel\shd (CG13478, FBgn0003388). It is a protein_coding_gene from Drosophila melanogaster. There is experimental evidence that it has the molecular function: ecdysone 20-monooxygenase activity. There is experimental evidence that it is involved in the biological process: central nervous system development; dorsal closure; growth of a germarium-derived egg chamber; ecdysteroid biosynthetic process; head involution; midgut development. 13 alleles are reported. The phenotypes of these alleles are annotated with: organ system; multicellular structure; anatomical structure; non-connected developing system; acellular anatomical structure; portion of tissue; organ system subdivision; cephalopharyngeal skeleton; epicuticle; tracheal system. It has 3 annotated transcripts and 3 annotated polypeptides. Protein features are: Cytochrome P450; Cytochrome P450, E-class, group I; Cytochrome P450, conserved site. Summary of modENCODE Temporal Expression Profile: Temporal profile ranges from a peak of moderately high expression to a trough of no expression detected. Peak expression observed during late larval stages. Summary of FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data: Two or more Affy2 ProbeSets identify exons of this gene. This is a summary of the tissue expression peaks exhibited in at least one of these ProbeSets. Expression at moderate levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: larval midgut, larval hindgut, larval Malpighian tubules, larval fat body. Gene sequence location is 3L:14607558..14615305.
User Contributed Data
	Beta version, feedback welcome
Phenotypic Description from the Red Book (Lindsley & Zimm 1992)
Gene/Allele symbols may differ from current usage	shd: shade Embryonic lethal. No differentiation of cuticle or head skeleton.
Recent Updates
Description	What does this section display? This section contains items that were added to this record for each release. It currently only tracks new links between this FlyBase report and other FlyBase data classes (e.g. genes, references, stocks) or controlled vocabulary terms (e.g. GO, anatomy terms). What does this section not display? This section does not currently display links that were removed or gene model changes.
Update Feed	Click the icon below to subscribe to this FlyBase record and receive updates automatically through your feed reader.
FB2013_03
FB2013_02
All updates	Click here to see a list of all updates to this record from FB2010_08 and on.
Detailed Mapping Data
FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Evidence for location 70E4-70E4   Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{PZ}Mpcp00564 and P{PZ}l(3)rO220rO220
Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Notes References 70E4-70E5     (Dunkov, 2000.6.29)
Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
Location	3-41 (Tearle and Nusslein-Volhard, 1987)
Left of (cM)
Right of (cM)
Notes
Gene Model & Products
Please see the GBrowse view of Dmel\shd for information on other features To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form
Comments on Gene Model
	Gene model reviewed during 5.46 Annotated transcripts do not represent all supported alternative splices within 5' UTR. Low-frequency RNA-Seq exon junction(s) not annotated.
Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name FlyBase ID RefSeq ID Length (nt) Associated CDS (aa) shd-RB FBtr0075676  NM_206352   2730   540 shd-RC FBtr0304700  NM_140452   1633   433 shd-RD FBtr0333031  NM_001274914   2985   540
Additional Transcript Data & Comments
Reported size (kB)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name FlyBase ID Predicted MW (kDa) Length (aa) Theoretical pI RefSeq ID GenBank protein shd-PB   FBpp0089324   61.7   540   7.09     NP_996074   AAS65010 shd-PC   FBpp0293243   49.0   433   5.02     NP_648709   AAF49727 shd-PD   FBpp0305245   61.7   540   7.09     NP_001261843   AGB94536
Additional Polypeptide Data & Comments
Reported size (kDa)
Comments
External Data
Linkouts
Crossreferences	InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites • Cytochrome P450, conserved site (IPR017972) Cytochrome P450 (IPR001128) Cytochrome P450, E-class, group I (IPR002401)
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank	DNA sequence Protein sequence Name AE014296 AAF49727   AE014296 AAS65010   AF484414 AAQ05972   AE014296 AGB94536   AY089309 AAL90047   BF497121   CO179746   CO191542   CO193248   CO193831   CO308351   CO317082   EC066598   EL874895
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot	Q9VUF8
UniProtKB/TrEMBL
Mapped Features
Mapped Features have been reorganized, please see this article for details. Additional mapped features and mutations can be found on GBrowse or related reports. Type Symbol & Location Additional Notes References
External Data
Linkouts
Crossreferences
Expression Data
Transcript Expression
in situ Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference embryonic stage 11 -- 12   dorsal epidermis primordium   (Fisher et al., 2012) embryonic stage 13 -- 16   embryonic dorsal epidermis   (Fisher et al., 2012)
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Polypeptide Expression
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
Subcellular Localization (GO Cellular Component)
CV term Evidence References
mitochondrion inferred from direct assay (Petryk et al., 2003)
Expression Deduced from Reporters
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools
Reference	See Gelbart and Emmert, 2010.10.13 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
FlyAtlas Anatomy Microarray
FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data (FlyAtlas-RNA.adult) (FlyAtlas-RNA.larva)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap Back-to-back    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High level expression bin max Very high expression bin max Summary of FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data: Two or more Affy2 ProbeSets identify exons of this gene. This is a summary of the tissue expression peaks exhibited in at least one of these ProbeSets. Expression at moderate levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: larval midgut, larval hindgut, larval Malpighian tubules, larval fat body. [download data (TSV)] Guide to FlyAtlas expression level colors   No expression (0 - 9.999)   Low expression (10 - 99.999)   Moderate expression (100 - 499.999)   High level expression (500 - 999.999)   Very high expression (>999.999) Heatmap Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System     Larval Midgut     Larval Hindgut     Larval Malpighian Tubules     Larval Fat Body     Larval Salivary Gland     Larval Trachea     Larval Carcass     Adult Head     Adult Eye     Adult Brain     Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion     Adult Crop     Adult Midgut     Adult Hindgut     Adult Malpighian Tubules     Adult Fat Body     Adult Salivary Gland     Adult Heart     Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca     Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca     Adult Ovary     Adult Testis     Adult Male Accessory Gland     Adult Carcass     FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data (Chintapalli et al., 2007)
modENCODE Anatomy RNA-Seq
modENCODE Tissue Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_tissues)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    5 central nervous system, larvae L3    0 central nervous system, pupae P8    1 head, virgin 1-day female    0 head, virgin 4-day female    0 head, virgin 20-day female    0 head, mated 1-day female    0 head, mated 4-day female    0 head, mated 20-day female    0 head, mated 1-day male    0 head, mated 4-day male    0 head, mated 20-day male    0 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    2 salivary gland, white prepupae    1 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    78 digestive system, 1-day adult    2 digestive system, 4-day adult    3 digestive system, 20-day adult    2 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    8 fat body, white prepupae    0 fat body, pupae P8    0 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    6 carcass, 1-day adult    0 carcass, 4-day adult    0 carcass, 20-day adult    0 ovary, virgin 4-day female    0 ovary, mated 4-day female    0 testis, mated 4-day male    1 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    5 central nervous system, larvae L3    0 central nervous system, pupae P8    1 head, virgin 1-day female    0 head, virgin 4-day female    0 head, virgin 20-day female    0 head, mated 1-day female    0 head, mated 4-day female    0 head, mated 20-day female    0 head, mated 1-day male    0 head, mated 4-day male    0 head, mated 20-day male    0 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    2 salivary gland, white prepupae    1 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering  (78) digestive system, 1-day adult    2 digestive system, 4-day adult    3 digestive system, 20-day adult    2 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    8 fat body, white prepupae    0 fat body, pupae P8    0 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    6 carcass, 1-day adult    0 carcass, 4-day adult    0 carcass, 20-day adult    0 ovary, virgin 4-day female    0 ovary, mated 4-day female    0 testis, mated 4-day male    1 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    5 central nervous system, larvae L3    0 central nervous system, pupae P8    1 head, virgin 1-day female    0 head, virgin 4-day female    0 head, virgin 20-day female    0 head, mated 1-day female    0 head, mated 4-day female    0 head, mated 20-day female    0 head, mated 1-day male    0 head, mated 4-day male    0 head, mated 20-day male    0 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    2 salivary gland, white prepupae    1 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    78 digestive system, 1-day adult    2 digestive system, 4-day adult    3 digestive system, 20-day adult    2 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    8 fat body, white prepupae    0 fat body, pupae P8    0 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    6 carcass, 1-day adult    0 carcass, 4-day adult    0 carcass, 20-day adult    0 ovary, virgin 4-day female    0 ovary, mated 4-day female    0 testis, mated 4-day male    1 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    5 central nervous system, larvae L3    0 central nervous system, pupae P8    1 head, virgin 1-day female    0 head, virgin 4-day female    0 head, virgin 20-day female    0 head, mated 1-day female    0 head, mated 4-day female    0 head, mated 20-day female    0 head, mated 1-day male    0 head, mated 4-day male    0 head, mated 20-day male    0 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    2 salivary gland, white prepupae    1 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    78 digestive system, 1-day adult    2 digestive system, 4-day adult    3 digestive system, 20-day adult    2 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    8 fat body, white prepupae    0 fat body, pupae P8    0 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    6 carcass, 1-day adult    0 carcass, 4-day adult    0 carcass, 20-day adult    0 ovary, virgin 4-day female    0 ovary, mated 4-day female    0 testis, mated 4-day male    1 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    0 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    5 central nervous system, larvae L3    0 central nervous system, pupae P8    1 head, virgin 1-day female    0 head, virgin 4-day female    0 head, virgin 20-day female    0 head, mated 1-day female    0 head, mated 4-day female    0 head, mated 20-day female    0 head, mated 1-day male    0 head, mated 4-day male    0 head, mated 20-day male    0 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    2 salivary gland, white prepupae    1 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    78 digestive system, 1-day adult    2 digestive system, 4-day adult    3 digestive system, 20-day adult    2 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    8 fat body, white prepupae    0 fat body, pupae P8    0 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    6 carcass, 1-day adult    0 carcass, 4-day adult    0 carcass, 20-day adult    0 ovary, virgin 4-day female    0 ovary, mated 4-day female    0 testis, mated 4-day male    1 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    5 central nervous system, larvae L3    0 central nervous system, pupae P8    1 head, virgin 1-day female    0 head, virgin 4-day female    0 head, virgin 20-day female    0 head, mated 1-day female    0 head, mated 4-day female    0 head, mated 20-day female    0 head, mated 1-day male    0 head, mated 4-day male    0 head, mated 20-day male    0 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    2 salivary gland, white prepupae    1 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering  (78) digestive system, 1-day adult    2 digestive system, 4-day adult    3 digestive system, 20-day adult    2 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    8 fat body, white prepupae    0 fat body, pupae P8    0 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    6 carcass, 1-day adult    0 carcass, 4-day adult    0 carcass, 20-day adult    0 ovary, virgin 4-day female    0 ovary, mated 4-day female    0 testis, mated 4-day male    1 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    5 central nervous system, larvae L3    0 central nervous system, pupae P8    1 head, virgin 1-day female    0 head, virgin 4-day female    0 head, virgin 20-day female    0 head, mated 1-day female    0 head, mated 4-day female    0 head, mated 20-day female    0 head, mated 1-day male    0 head, mated 4-day male    0 head, mated 20-day male    0 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    2 salivary gland, white prepupae    1 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    78 digestive system, 1-day adult    2 digestive system, 4-day adult    3 digestive system, 20-day adult    2 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    8 fat body, white prepupae    0 fat body, pupae P8    0 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    6 carcass, 1-day adult    0 carcass, 4-day adult    0 carcass, 20-day adult    0 ovary, virgin 4-day female    0 ovary, mated 4-day female    0 testis, mated 4-day male    1 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    5 central nervous system, larvae L3    0 central nervous system, pupae P8    1 head, virgin 1-day female    0 head, virgin 4-day female    0 head, virgin 20-day female    0 head, mated 1-day female    0 head, mated 4-day female    0 head, mated 20-day female    0 head, mated 1-day male    0 head, mated 4-day male    0 head, mated 20-day male    0 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    2 salivary gland, white prepupae    1 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    78 digestive system, 1-day adult    2 digestive system, 4-day adult    3 digestive system, 20-day adult    2 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    8 fat body, white prepupae    0 fat body, pupae P8    0 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    6 carcass, 1-day adult    0 carcass, 4-day adult    0 carcass, 20-day adult    0 ovary, virgin 4-day female    0 ovary, mated 4-day female    0 testis, mated 4-day male    1 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering     central nervous system, larvae L3     central nervous system, pupae P8     head, virgin 1-day female     head, virgin 4-day female     head, virgin 20-day female     head, mated 1-day female     head, mated 4-day female     head, mated 20-day female     head, mated 1-day male     head, mated 4-day male     head, mated 20-day male     salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering     salivary gland, white prepupae     digestive system, larvae L3 wandering     digestive system, 1-day adult     digestive system, 4-day adult     digestive system, 20-day adult     fat body, larvae L3 wandering     fat body, white prepupae     fat body, pupae P8     carcass, larvae L3 wandering     carcass, 1-day adult     carcass, 4-day adult     carcass, 20-day adult     ovary, virgin 4-day female     ovary, mated 4-day female     testis, mated 4-day male     accessory gland, mated 4-day male
modENCODE Development RNA-Seq
modENCODE Temporal Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_U)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max Summary of modENCODE Temporal Expression Profile: Temporal profile ranges from a peak of moderately high expression to a trough of no expression detected. Peak expression observed during late larval stages. [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    0 embryo 02-04hr    0 embryo 04-06hr    0 embryo 06-08hr    2 embryo 08-10hr    4 embryo 10-12hr    4 embryo 12-14hr    2 embryo 14-16hr    0 embryo 16-18hr    0 embryo 18-20hr    1 embryo 20-22hr    1 embryo 22-24hr    2 larva L1    2 larva L2    1 larva L3 12hr old    4 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    22 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    30 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    36 white prepupae new    11 white prepupae 12hr    1 white prepupae 24hr    1 pupae 2d postWPP    2 pupae 3d postWPP    1 pupae 4d postWPP    3 adult male 01day    1 adult male 05day    1 adult male 30day    1 adult female 01day    1 adult female 05day    1 adult female 30day    1 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    0 embryo 02-04hr    0 embryo 04-06hr    0 embryo 06-08hr    2 embryo 08-10hr    4 embryo 10-12hr    4 embryo 12-14hr    2 embryo 14-16hr    0 embryo 16-18hr    0 embryo 18-20hr    1 embryo 20-22hr    1 embryo 22-24hr    2 larva L1    2 larva L2    1 larva L3 12hr old    4 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    22 larva L3 puffstage 3-6  (30) larva L3 puffstage 7-9  (36) white prepupae new    11 white prepupae 12hr    1 white prepupae 24hr    1 pupae 2d postWPP    2 pupae 3d postWPP    1 pupae 4d postWPP    3 adult male 01day    1 adult male 05day    1 adult male 30day    1 adult female 01day    1 adult female 05day    1 adult female 30day    1 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    0 embryo 02-04hr    0 embryo 04-06hr    0 embryo 06-08hr    2 embryo 08-10hr    4 embryo 10-12hr    4 embryo 12-14hr    2 embryo 14-16hr    0 embryo 16-18hr    0 embryo 18-20hr    1 embryo 20-22hr    1 embryo 22-24hr    2 larva L1    2 larva L2    1 larva L3 12hr old    4 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    22 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    30 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    36 white prepupae new    11 white prepupae 12hr    1 white prepupae 24hr    1 pupae 2d postWPP    2 pupae 3d postWPP    1 pupae 4d postWPP    3 adult male 01day    1 adult male 05day    1 adult male 30day    1 adult female 01day    1 adult female 05day    1 adult female 30day    1 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    0 embryo 02-04hr    0 embryo 04-06hr    0 embryo 06-08hr    2 embryo 08-10hr    4 embryo 10-12hr    4 embryo 12-14hr    2 embryo 14-16hr    0 embryo 16-18hr    0 embryo 18-20hr    1 embryo 20-22hr    1 embryo 22-24hr    2 larva L1    2 larva L2    1 larva L3 12hr old    4 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    22 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    30 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    36 white prepupae new    11 white prepupae 12hr    1 white prepupae 24hr    1 pupae 2d postWPP    2 pupae 3d postWPP    1 pupae 4d postWPP    3 adult male 01day    1 adult male 05day    1 adult male 30day    1 adult female 01day    1 adult female 05day    1 adult female 30day    1 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    0 embryo 02-04hr    0 embryo 04-06hr    0 embryo 06-08hr    2 embryo 08-10hr    4 embryo 10-12hr    4 embryo 12-14hr    2 embryo 14-16hr    0 embryo 16-18hr    0 embryo 18-20hr    1 embryo 20-22hr    1 embryo 22-24hr    2 larva L1    2 larva L2    1 larva L3 12hr old    4 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    22 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    30 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    36 white prepupae new    11 white prepupae 12hr    1 white prepupae 24hr    1 pupae 2d postWPP    2 pupae 3d postWPP    1 pupae 4d postWPP    3 adult male 01day    1 adult male 05day    1 adult male 30day    1 adult female 01day    1 adult female 05day    1 adult female 30day    1 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High  log, scaled to Moderate expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    0 embryo 02-04hr    0 embryo 04-06hr    0 embryo 06-08hr    2 embryo 08-10hr    4 embryo 10-12hr    4 embryo 12-14hr    2 embryo 14-16hr    0 embryo 16-18hr    0 embryo 18-20hr    1 embryo 20-22hr    1 embryo 22-24hr    2 larva L1    2 larva L2    1 larva L3 12hr old    4 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    22 larva L3 puffstage 3-6  30 larva L3 puffstage 7-9  (36) white prepupae new    11 white prepupae 12hr    1 white prepupae 24hr    1 pupae 2d postWPP    2 pupae 3d postWPP    1 pupae 4d postWPP    3 adult male 01day    1 adult male 05day    1 adult male 30day    1 adult female 01day    1 adult female 05day    1 adult female 30day    1 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    0 embryo 02-04hr    0 embryo 04-06hr    0 embryo 06-08hr    2 embryo 08-10hr    4 embryo 10-12hr    4 embryo 12-14hr    2 embryo 14-16hr    0 embryo 16-18hr    0 embryo 18-20hr    1 embryo 20-22hr    1 embryo 22-24hr    2 larva L1    2 larva L2    1 larva L3 12hr old    4 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    22 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    30 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    36 white prepupae new    11 white prepupae 12hr    1 white prepupae 24hr    1 pupae 2d postWPP    2 pupae 3d postWPP    1 pupae 4d postWPP    3 adult male 01day    1 adult male 05day    1 adult male 30day    1 adult female 01day    1 adult female 05day    1 adult female 30day    1 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    0 embryo 02-04hr    0 embryo 04-06hr    0 embryo 06-08hr    2 embryo 08-10hr    4 embryo 10-12hr    4 embryo 12-14hr    2 embryo 14-16hr    0 embryo 16-18hr    0 embryo 18-20hr    1 embryo 20-22hr    1 embryo 22-24hr    2 larva L1    2 larva L2    1 larva L3 12hr old    4 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    22 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    30 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    36 white prepupae new    11 white prepupae 12hr    1 white prepupae 24hr    1 pupae 2d postWPP    2 pupae 3d postWPP    1 pupae 4d postWPP    3 adult male 01day    1 adult male 05day    1 adult male 30day    1 adult female 01day    1 adult female 05day    1 adult female 30day    1 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr     embryo 02-04hr     embryo 04-06hr     embryo 06-08hr     embryo 08-10hr     embryo 10-12hr     embryo 12-14hr     embryo 14-16hr     embryo 16-18hr     embryo 18-20hr     embryo 20-22hr     embryo 22-24hr     larva L1     larva L2     larva L3 12hr old     larva L3 puffstage 1-2     larva L3 puffstage 3-6     larva L3 puffstage 7-9     white prepupae new     white prepupae 12hr     white prepupae 24hr     pupae 2d postWPP     pupae 3d postWPP     pupae 4d postWPP     adult male 01day     adult male 05day     adult male 30day     adult female 01day     adult female 05day     adult female 30day     modENCODE Temporal Expression Data (Graveley et al., 2011)
modENCODE Cell Lines RNA-Seq
modENCODE Cell Line Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_cell.A) (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_cell.B)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    0 Schneider line 2 Sg4    0 embryonic 1182-4H    0 embryonic GM2    0 embryonic Kc167    0 embryonic S1    0 embryonic S3    1 leg disc CME L1    0 wing disc CME-W2    0 wing disc ML-DmD8    2 wing disc ML-DmD9    0 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    0 wing disc ML-DmD21    0 wing disc ML-DmD32    0 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    0 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    0 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    0 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    2 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    0 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    0 tumorous blood cells mbn2    0 ovary fGS/OSS    0 ovary OSC    0 ovary OSS    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    0 Schneider line 2 Sg4    0 embryonic 1182-4H    0 embryonic GM2    0 embryonic Kc167    0 embryonic S1    0 embryonic S3    1 leg disc CME L1    0 wing disc CME-W2    0 wing disc ML-DmD8    2 wing disc ML-DmD9    0 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    0 wing disc ML-DmD21    0 wing disc ML-DmD32    0 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    0 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    0 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    0 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    2 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    0 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    0 tumorous blood cells mbn2    0 ovary fGS/OSS    0 ovary OSC    0 ovary OSS    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    0 Schneider line 2 Sg4    0 embryonic 1182-4H    0 embryonic GM2    0 embryonic Kc167    0 embryonic S1    0 embryonic S3    1 leg disc CME L1    0 wing disc CME-W2    0 wing disc ML-DmD8    2 wing disc ML-DmD9    0 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    0 wing disc ML-DmD21    0 wing disc ML-DmD32    0 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    0 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    0 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    0 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    2 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    0 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    0 tumorous blood cells mbn2    0 ovary fGS/OSS    0 ovary OSC    0 ovary OSS    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    0 Schneider line 2 Sg4    0 embryonic 1182-4H    0 embryonic GM2    0 embryonic Kc167    0 embryonic S1    0 embryonic S3    1 leg disc CME L1    0 wing disc CME-W2    0 wing disc ML-DmD8    2 wing disc ML-DmD9    0 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    0 wing disc ML-DmD21    0 wing disc ML-DmD32    0 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    0 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    0 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    0 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    2 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    0 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    0 tumorous blood cells mbn2    0 ovary fGS/OSS    0 ovary OSC    0 ovary OSS    0 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    0 Schneider line 2 Sg4    0 embryonic 1182-4H    0 embryonic GM2    0 embryonic Kc167    0 embryonic S1    0 embryonic S3    1 leg disc CME L1    0 wing disc CME-W2    0 wing disc ML-DmD8    2 wing disc ML-DmD9    0 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    0 wing disc ML-DmD21    0 wing disc ML-DmD32    0 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    0 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    0 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    0 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    2 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    0 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    0 tumorous blood cells mbn2    0 ovary fGS/OSS    0 ovary OSC    0 ovary OSS    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate  log, scaled to Moderate expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    0 Schneider line 2 Sg4    0 embryonic 1182-4H    0 embryonic GM2    0 embryonic Kc167    0 embryonic S1    0 embryonic S3    1 leg disc CME L1    0 wing disc CME-W2    0 wing disc ML-DmD8    2 wing disc ML-DmD9    0 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    0 wing disc ML-DmD21    0 wing disc ML-DmD32    0 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    0 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    0 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    0 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    2 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    0 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    0 tumorous blood cells mbn2    0 ovary fGS/OSS    0 ovary OSC    0 ovary OSS    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    0 Schneider line 2 Sg4    0 embryonic 1182-4H    0 embryonic GM2    0 embryonic Kc167    0 embryonic S1    0 embryonic S3    1 leg disc CME L1    0 wing disc CME-W2    0 wing disc ML-DmD8    2 wing disc ML-DmD9    0 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    0 wing disc ML-DmD21    0 wing disc ML-DmD32    0 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    0 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    0 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    0 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    2 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    0 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    0 tumorous blood cells mbn2    0 ovary fGS/OSS    0 ovary OSC    0 ovary OSS    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    0 Schneider line 2 Sg4    0 embryonic 1182-4H    0 embryonic GM2    0 embryonic Kc167    0 embryonic S1    0 embryonic S3    1 leg disc CME L1    0 wing disc CME-W2    0 wing disc ML-DmD8    2 wing disc ML-DmD9    0 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    0 wing disc ML-DmD21    0 wing disc ML-DmD32    0 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    0 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    0 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    0 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    2 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    0 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    0 tumorous blood cells mbn2    0 ovary fGS/OSS    0 ovary OSC    0 ovary OSS    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+     Schneider line 2 Sg4     embryonic 1182-4H     embryonic GM2     embryonic Kc167     embryonic S1     embryonic S3     leg disc CME L1     wing disc CME-W2     wing disc ML-DmD8     wing disc ML-DmD9     wing disc ML-DmD16-c3     wing disc ML-DmD21     wing disc ML-DmD32     haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3     eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11     antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5     mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1     CNS ML-DmBG1-c1     CNS ML-DmBG2-c2     tumorous blood cells mbn2     ovary fGS/OSS     ovary OSC     ovary OSS
modENCODE Treatments RNA-Seq
modENCODE Treatment Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_treatments)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    2 cold shock, 4-day adult    4 heat shock, 4-day adult    7 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    16 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    23 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    8 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    0 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    7 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    6 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    1 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    27 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    11 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    39 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    2 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    0 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    23 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    10 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    2 cold shock, 4-day adult    4 heat shock, 4-day adult    7 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    16 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    23 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    8 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    0 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    7 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    6 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    1 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3  (27) Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    11 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3  (39) Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    2 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    0 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    23 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    10 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    2 cold shock, 4-day adult    4 heat shock, 4-day adult    7 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    16 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    23 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    8 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    0 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    7 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    6 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    1 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    27 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    11 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    39 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    2 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    0 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    23 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    10 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    2 cold shock, 4-day adult    4 heat shock, 4-day adult    7 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    16 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    23 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    8 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    0 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    7 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    6 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    1 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    27 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    11 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    39 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    2 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    0 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    23 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    10 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    2 cold shock, 4-day adult    4 heat shock, 4-day adult    7 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    16 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    23 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    8 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    0 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    7 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    6 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    1 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    27 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    11 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    39 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    2 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    0 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    23 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    10 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High  log, scaled to Moderate expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    2 cold shock, 4-day adult    4 heat shock, 4-day adult    7 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    16 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    23 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    8 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    0 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    7 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    6 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    1 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3  27 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    11 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3  (39) Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    2 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    0 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    23 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    10 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    2 cold shock, 4-day adult    4 heat shock, 4-day adult    7 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    16 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    23 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    8 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    0 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    7 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    6 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    1 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    27 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    11 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    39 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    2 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    0 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    23 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    10 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    2 cold shock, 4-day adult    4 heat shock, 4-day adult    7 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    16 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    23 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    8 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    0 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    7 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    6 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    1 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    27 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    11 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    39 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    2 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    0 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    23 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    10 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult     cold shock, 4-day adult     heat shock, 4-day adult     Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3     Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3     Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3     Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3     Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3     Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3     Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3     Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3     Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3     Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3
Expression Clusters
	A cluster of genes with similar mRNA expression dynamics across development. (The modENCODE Consortium, 2010, Graveley et al., 2011) mE2_34_mRNA_expression_cluster_25 mE1_20_mRNA_expression_cluster_17
External Data & Images
Linkouts	BDGP expression data • AT11204 FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies • FBgn0003388 FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array • S.C3L001831;CG13478-RA FlyExpress - Embryonic expression images (BDGP data) • Show all FlyExpress processed images for shd Stages(s) 11-12
Alleles & Phenotypes
Summary of Allele Phenotypes
Lethality Allele lethal | embryonic stage shd1 shd2 shd3 lethal | embryonic stage | recessive shdunspecified viable, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237 shdGD8033 viable, with Scer\GAL4twi.2PE, shd1/shd2 shdScer\UAS.cPa viable (with shd1), with Scer\GAL4twi.2PE, shdScer\UAS.cPa shd2 viable (with shd2), with Scer\GAL4twi.2PE, shdScer\UAS.cPa shd1 Sterility Allele female sterile, with Scer\GAL4twi.2PE, shd1/shd2 shdScer\UAS.cPa female sterile (with shd1), with Scer\GAL4twi.2PE, shdScer\UAS.cPa shd2 female sterile (with shd2), with Scer\GAL4twi.2PE, shdScer\UAS.cPa shd1 Phenotype manifest in Allele cephalopharyngeal skeleton shd1 shdunspecified commissure shdunspecified dorsal closure embryo shdunspecified egg chamber, with Scer\GAL4twi.2PE, shd1/shd2 shdScer\UAS.cPa egg chamber (with shd1), with Scer\GAL4twi.2PE, shdScer\UAS.cPa shd2 egg chamber (with shd2), with Scer\GAL4twi.2PE, shdScer\UAS.cPa shd1 embryo | dorsal closure stage shd2 embryo | embryonic stage 14 shd2 embryonic/first instar larval cuticle shd1 shdunspecified embryonic/larval cuticle shd3 embryonic/larval foregut shdunspecified embryonic/larval hindgut shdunspecified embryonic/larval midgut shdunspecified embryonic/larval midgut primordium shd1 shd2 shd3 embryonic/larval tracheal system shd2 embryonic dorsal epidermis shd1 shd2 shd3 embryonic epidermis shdunspecified embryonic head shd1 shd2 shd3 embryonic ventral epidermis shdunspecified epicuticle shd3 glial cell shdunspecified midgut constriction shd2 midline glial cell | ectopic shdunspecified presumptive embryonic/larval central nervous system shdB1-53 shdJ1-28 shdN2-175 shdunspecified presumptive embryonic/larval peripheral nervous system shdunspecified sensory neuron | embryonic stage shdunspecified ventral nerve cord shdunspecified
Classical Alleles ( 7 )
For All Classical Alleles Show
Allele of shd Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion shd2 ethyl methanesulfonate 2 Yes shd1 ethyl methanesulfonate 1 Yes shd3 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 Yes shdB1-53 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- shdJ1-28 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- shdN2-175 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- shdunspecified 0 --
Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs ( 6 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Allele of shd Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion shdGD8033 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 2 Yes shdAct5C.PP in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes shdAct5C.T:Ivir\HA1 in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes shdKK106072 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes shdNIG.13478R in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes shdScer\UAS.cPa in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes
Aneuploid Aberrations
Disrupted in	Df(3L)B162 (Jurgens et al., 1984, Tearle and Nusslein-Volhard, 1987) Df(3L)Exel6124 (Ryder, 2004.4.26) Df(3L)fz-D21 (Giesen et al., 2003, Harbecke and Lengyel, 1995) Df(3L)fz-GS1a (Giesen, 2001.1.24)
Not disrupted in	Df(3L)fz-GF3b (Giesen, 2001.1.24, Giesen et al., 2003) Df(3L)G145 (Tearle and Nusslein-Volhard, 1987)
Transgenic Constructs & Insertions
Transgenic Constructs
	Type of construct Name Expression data UAS construct P{GD8033} NA P{KK106072} NA P{NIG.13478R} NA P{UAS-shd.P} NA
Insertions
	Type of insertions Name Expression data
Gene Ontology: Function, Process & Cellular Component ( 13 unique terms )
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence ( 8 terms )
Molecular Function
CV term Evidence References
ecdysone 20-monooxygenase activity inferred from direct assay (Petryk et al., 2003)
Biological Process
CV term Evidence References
central nervous system development inferred from mutant phenotype (Giesen et al., 2003) dorsal closure inferred from mutant phenotype (Petryk et al., 2003, Giesen et al., 2003) ecdysteroid biosynthetic process inferred from direct assay AND inferred from mutant phenotype (Petryk et al., 2003) growth of a germarium-derived egg chamber inferred from mutant phenotype (Petryk et al., 2003) head involution inferred from mutant phenotype (Giesen et al., 2003) midgut development inferred from mutant phenotype (Petryk et al., 2003)
Cellular Component
CV term Evidence References
mitochondrion inferred from direct assay (Petryk et al., 2003)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions ( 6 terms )
Molecular Function
CV term Evidence References
electron carrier activity inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR001128 (FlyBase Curators et al., 2004-) inferred from sequence or structural similarity (Dunkov, 1999.11, Dunkov, 2000.10.12) non-traceable author statement (Dunkov, 2000.6.29, Swiss-Prot Project Members, 2000.5.1) heme binding inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR001128, InterPro:IPR002401 (FlyBase Curators et al., 2004-) iron ion binding inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR001128, InterPro:IPR002401 (FlyBase Curators et al., 2004-)
Biological Process
CV term Evidence References
oxidation-reduction process inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR001128, InterPro:IPR002401, InterPro:IPR017972 (FlyBase Curators et al., 2004-)
Cellular Component
CV term Evidence References
membrane non-traceable author statement (Swiss-Prot Project Members, 2000.5.1) mitochondrion inferred from sequence or structural similarity (Dunkov, 2000.10.12)
Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene
	nuclear_gene   protein_coding_gene
Interactions & Pathways
Summary of Physical Interactions
protein-protein
Interacting group Assay References
shd - Arp2 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) shd - Arpc4 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) shd - CG10641 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) shd - CG5525 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) shd - CG7033 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) shd - CG8258 experimental knowledge based, anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Guruharsha et al., 2011, Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) shd - CG9643 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) shd - Cct5 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) shd - Cctγ anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) shd - Hsc70-1 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) shd - RpS21 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) shd - Tcp-1ζ anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting, experimental knowledge based (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23, Guruharsha et al., 2011) shd - Tcp-1η anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23)
Summary of Genetic Interactions
Interacts with	Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions shd allele Gene References
External Data
Linkouts	DPiM - DPiM, Drosophila Protein interaction Map • FBgn0003388 DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions. • FBgn0003388
Orthologs
OrthoDB Orthologs (30) - based on analysis using Dmel annotation version 5.41
OrthoDB Ortholog Groups
	OrthoDB orthology group searches (Waterhouse et al., 2011, Nucleic Acids Res. 39(Database issue): D283--D288) Drosophila inclusive ortholog search EOG6W3T6Q Dipteran inclusive ortholog search EOG6J3WRC Insect inclusive ortholog search EOG6FJ756 Arthropod inclusive ortholog search EOG61C5BP Metazoa inclusive ortholog search No orthologs identified
Orthologs in Drosophila Species (EOG6W3T6Q)
Organism Common Name Gene AAA Syntenic Ortholog Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly  Dmel\shd     Drosophila simulans   Dsim\GD14493 Y   Drosophila sechellia   Dsec\GM25470 Y   Drosophila erecta   Dere\GG15687 Y   Drosophila yakuba   Dyak\GE22018 Y   Drosophila ananassae   Dana\GF24608 Y   Drosophila pseudoobscura pseudoobscura   Dpse\GA12315 Y   Drosophila persimilis   Dper\GL21018 Y   Drosophila willistoni   Dwil\GK10527 Y   Drosophila virilis   Dvir\GJ13686 Y   Drosophila mojavensis   Dmoj\GI11492 Y   Drosophila grimshawi   Dgri\GH14751 Y
Orthologs in non-Drosophila Dipterans (EOG6J3WRC)
Organism Common Name Gene Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Aedes aegypti Yellow fever mosquito  Aaeg\AAEL010946   Anopheles gambiae Malaria mosquito  Agam\AGAP002429   Culex quinquefasciatus Southern house mosquito  Cqui\CPIJ800153
Orthologs in non-Dipteran Insects (EOG6FJ756)
Organism Common Name Gene Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Apis mellifera Western honey bee  Amel\GB45651   Nasonia vitripennis Parasitic wasp  Nvit\Nasvi2EG020286   Camponotus floridanus Florida carpenter ant  Cflo\CFLO21883   Harpegnathos saltator Jerdons jumping ant  Hsal\HSAL18189   Linepithema humile Argentine ant  Lhum\LH23107   Pogonomyrmex barbatus Red harvester ant  Pbar\PB14608   Solenopsis invicta Red fire ant  Sinv\SINV23848   Acyrthosiphon pisum Pea aphid  Apim\ACYPI008228   Acyrthosiphon pisum Pea aphid  Apim\ACYPI083788   Acyrthosiphon pisum Pea aphid  Apim\ACYPI009813   Bombyx mori Silkmoth  Bmor\BGIBMGA010239   Pediculus humanus Human body louse  Phum\PHUM213010   Tribolium castaneum Red flour beetle  Tcas\CYP314A1
Orthologs in non-Insect Arthropods (EOG61C5BP)
Organism Common Name Gene Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Daphnia pulex Water flea  Dpux\JGI_V11_198743   Ixodes scapularis Deer tick  Isca\ISCW021011
Orthologs in non-Arthropod Metazoa (None identified)
No non-Arthropod Metazoa orthologies identified
Human Orthologs (0)
Gene OMIM HGNC
AAA Orthologs (11) based on analysis using Dmel annotation version 4.3
Organism Gene Drosophila simulans Dsim\GD14493 Drosophila sechellia Dsec\GM25470 Drosophila erecta Dere\GG15687 Drosophila yakuba Dyak\GE22018 Drosophila ananassae Dana\GF24608 Drosophila pseudoobscura pseudoobscura Dpse\GA12315 Drosophila persimilis Dper\GL21018 Drosophila willistoni Dwil\GK10527 Drosophila virilis Dvir\GJ13686 Drosophila mojavensis Dmoj\GI11492 Drosophila grimshawi Dgri\GH14751
Stocks & Reagents
Stocks Listed in FlyBase ( 5 )
Bloomington	34507 shd1 st1 e1/TM3, Sb1 4219 ru1 h1 shd2 th1 st1 cu1 sr1 es ca1/TM3, Sb1 Ser1
Kyoto	107639 ru1 h1 shd2 th1 st1 cu1 sr1 es ca1/TM3, Sb1
VDRC	v17203 w1118; P{GD8033}v17203 v17204 w1118; P{GD8033}v17204/TM3
Genomic Clones ( 2 )
	BACR07K20 BACR11B23 Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete
cDNA Clones ( 10 )
	Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see GBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.
cDNA Clones, Fully Sequenced
BDGP DGC clones	AT11204
Other clones	DPiM_AT11204
cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
BDGP DGC clones
Other clones	163067 EC00130 EC31365 EC35367 EC36867 EK257705 EK267060 IP14964
RNAi & Array Information
Linkouts	DRSC - Results from RNAi screens. • FBgn0003388 GenomeRNAi - GenomeRNAi – A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents • 39592
Antibody Information
Other Information
Discoverer
Etymology
Identification
Relationship to Other Genes
Source for database identity of
Source for database merge of	Source for merge of: shd Cyp314a1 (Petryk, 2002.2.15)
Additional comments
Other Comments
	Four EMS induced alleles have been identified in a screen for mutations affecting commissure formation in the CNS of the embryo. (Hummel et al., 1999) shd mutants display no differentiation of the cuticle or head skeleton. (Jurgens et al., 1984)
External Crossreferences & Linkouts
Sequence Crossreferences
	RefSeq (Transcripts) • NM_140452 NM_206352 NM_001274914 RefSeq (Proteins) • NP_648709 NP_996074 NP_001261843 DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank • AAF49727 AAL90047 AAQ05972 AAS65010 AF484414 AGB94536 AY089309 BF497121 Entrez Gene - A searchable database of RefSeq genes. • 39592 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot • Q9VUF8
Other Crossreferences
	InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites • Cytochrome P450, conserved site (IPR017972) Cytochrome P450 (IPR001128) Cytochrome P450, E-class, group I (IPR002401) BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis • AT11204
Linkouts
	DPiM - DPiM, Drosophila Protein interaction Map • FBgn0003388 DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions. • FBgn0003388 DRSC - Results from RNAi screens. • FBgn0003388 FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies • FBgn0003388 FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array • S.C3L001831;CG13478-RA FlyMine - Integrated genomics database for Drosophila, Anopheles, and C.elegans • FBgn0003388 GenomeRNAi - GenomeRNAi – A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents • 39592 modMine - Data generated by the modENCODE project. • FBgn0003388
Synonyms & Secondary IDs ( 8 )
Reported As
Symbol Synonym	314a1 (Nelson, 2001.2.5) CG13478 (Keleman et al., 2009.8.5) Cyp314a1 (Tijet et al., 2001, Ranson et al., 2002, Niwa et al., 2011) CYP314A1 (Chen and Li, 2007) cyp314a1 (Gangishetti et al., 2009) shade (Gangishetti et al., 2009) shd (Chavoshi et al., 2010, Luo et al., 2011, McBrayer et al., 2007, Xiang et al., 2010, Pankotai et al., 2010, Gangishetti et al., 2012, Japanese National Institute of Genetics, 2012.5.21)
Name Synonym	cytochrome P450 (Chung et al., 2009) shade (Hummel et al., 1999, Chavoshi et al., 2010, Xiang et al., 2010, Pankotai et al., 2010)
Secondary FlyBase IDs
	FBgn0036432
References ( 53 )
Generate a list of	All references relating to this gene ( 53 )
List References by type	Research paper  ( 24 ) Supplementary material  ( 4 ) Review  ( 4 ) Personal communication to FlyBase  ( 10 ) Abstract  ( 1 ) FlyBase analysis  ( 1 ) Stock list  ( 2 ) DNA/RNA sequence record  ( 1 ) Curated genome annotation  ( 2 ) Protein sequence record  ( 1 ) Website  ( 1 ) Book  ( 1 )
Recent research papers ( 5 )
	Boulan et al., 2013, Curr. Biol. 23(6): 473--478 bantam miRNA Promotes Systemic Growth by Connecting Insulin Signaling and Ecdysone Production. [FBrf0221079] Gangishetti et al., 2012, Insect Mol. Biol. 21(3): 283--295 The transcription factor Grainy head and the steroid hormone ecdysone cooperate during differentiation of the skin of Drosophila melanogaster. [FBrf0218253] Hackney et al., 2012, PLoS ONE 7(11): e49105 Tissue damage disrupts developmental progression and ecdysteroid biosynthesis in Drosophila. [FBrf0220007] Luo et al., 2011, Development 138(13): 2761--2771 Direct targets of the D. melanogaster DSXF protein and the evolution of sexual development. [FBrf0213878] Niwa et al., 2011, Appl. Ent. Zool. 46(4): 533--543 Expressions of the cytochrome P450 monooxygenase gene Cyp4g1 and its homolog in the prothoracic glands of the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster (Diptera: Drosophilidae) and the silkworm Bombyx mori (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae). [FBrf0216541] Show all research papers ...
Recent reviews (0)
	All reviews listed in FlyBase were published before 2011 Show reviews ...