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Gene Dmel\sol

General Information
Symbol	Dmel\sol	Species	D. melanogaster
Name	small optic lobes	Annotation symbol	CG1391
Feature type	protein_coding_gene	FlyBase ID	FBgn0003464
Gene Model Status	Current	Stock availability	2 publicly available
Genomic Location
Chromosome (arm)	X	Recombination map
Cytogenetic map	19F5-19F5	Sequence location	X:21,221,307..21,228,939 [+]
Genomic Maps Select View:Gene Models/EvidenceExpression/RegulationMegaViewGene Disruptions, Stocks and Reagents Beta	Decorated FastA GenBankGFF Gene region Extended Gene region CDSIntronsExonsTranslationsTranscripts3' UTR5' UTR
Summary Information
Automatically generated summary See sections below for more information	The gene small optic lobes is referred to in FlyBase by the symbol Dmel\sol (CG1391, FBgn0003464). It is a protein_coding_gene from Drosophila melanogaster. Based on sequence similarity, it is predicted to have molecular function: calcium-dependent cysteine-type endopeptidase activity. There is experimental evidence that it is involved in the biological process: nervous system development. 24 alleles are reported. The phenotypes of these alleles are annotated with: medulla neuropil; lobula plate; embryonic/larval optic stalk; central nervous system; lobula plate cortex; optic lobe; lobula; adult central nervous system; cortex of medulla; Pdf neuron. It has 5 annotated transcripts and 5 annotated polypeptides. Protein features are: Cysteine peptidase, cysteine active site; Peptidase C2, calpain family; Peptidase C2, calpain, catalytic domain; Zinc finger, RanBP2-type. Summary of modENCODE Temporal Expression Profile: Temporal profile ranges from a peak of moderately high expression to a trough of moderate expression. Peak expression observed within 00-18 hour embryonic stages, during early pupal stages, in adult female stages. Summary of FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data: Expression at high levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult brain. Expression at moderate levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult head, adult eye, larval/adult central nervous system, adult crop, larval/adult midgut, larval/adult hindgut, larval/adult Malpighian tubules, larval fat body, adult salivary gland, larval trachea, adult ovary, adult male accessory gland, larval carcass. Comments on Affy2 ProbeSet: ProbeSet 1634504_a_at completely aligns to an exonic region common to each of the 5 FlyBase-annotated transcript isoforms of sol. Gene sequence location is X:21221307..21228939.
User Contributed Data
	Beta version, feedback welcome
Phenotypic Description from the Red Book (Lindsley & Zimm 1992)
Gene/Allele symbols may differ from current usage	sol: small optic lobes (J.C. Hall) Medulla, lobula, and lobula-plate optic ganglia reduced in volume and cell number (anatomical criteria on which several of the mutations, including the most studied allele sol1, were isolated by Heisenberg and Bohl, 1979, Z. Naturforsch. 34: 143-147); lamina seems unaffected; degree of reduction in the three more proximal visual-system ganglia is allele dependent; after isogenization the severity ranking of nine alleles was as follows: sol2 = sol3 (ca. 50% normal volume)>sol6 = sol9 = sol16 >sol1 = sol4 = sol5 = sol8 (ca. 30% normal volume). Three sol mutants isolated on basis of fast phototaxis; Markow and Merriam (1977) showed that one such allele, sol4, causes flies to be anomalously photo positive and highly geonegative in maze tests. Anatomically, sol mutations cause specific cell types in medulla to be missing (Fischbach and Heisenberg, 1981); stratifications in outer medulla are missing; in general, however, mutant optic lobes are grossly well structured, and there are no disorders in the optic chiasma; special classes of transmedullary columnar neurons as well as intramedullary cells are absent; numbers of columns in the visual ganglia are normal, but numbers of neurons per column are reduced; certain neurons called T1 cells are present in each column in sol1, as usual; these reductions in cell numbers are caused by cell-type-specific degeneration of presumptive optic lobe neurons during pupation, with no degeneration apparent in neuropiles of these ganglia (Fischbach and Technau, 1984); the number of axons severely reduced in anterior optic track, and the combining of so with sol1 showed that these two mutations act independently on nearly exclusive subsets of these axons (Fischbach and Lyly-Hunerberg, 1983). Mosaic study showed that aberrant morphology of visual ganglia is autonomous in these optic lobes (Fischbach and Technau, 1984); adult eye and lamina optic lobe appear normal. In combination with rol and mnb mutations, sol causes diminished amplitudes of light-on and light-off transient spikes in electroretinogram (Coombe, 1986); visual fixation behavior notably defective (Fischbach and Heisenberg, 1981) [e.g., in the walking mode, fixation behavior is actually reversed in all sol alleles (Fischbach)] as, to a lesser degree, are landing responses and "figure/ground" discrimination; on the other hand, optomotor yaw response is nearly normal (Fischbach and Heisenberg, 1981); orientation to spots in multiple Y-maze quite subnormal (Bulthoff, 1982a,b). Shock-avoidance learning of sol1 (Heisenberg, Borst, Wagner, and Byers, 1985, J. Neurogenet. 2: 1-30) and color discrimination in sol1, sol2, and sol3 (Fischbach) are normal; there are, however, deficits in visual plasticity (Gotz, 1983, Dtsch. Zool. Ges. Gustav Fischer Verlag, Stuttgart, pp. 83-99) and in the flexibility that wild types can exhibit in optomotor flight control tests (Gotz, 1985, Biol. Chem. Hoppe Seyler 366: 116-17). Circadian rhythms of adult locomotor activity basically normal (Helfrich and Engelmann, 1983; Helfrich, 1986), but when sol1 combined with so, all flies tested showed complex periodicities, with a given behavioral record having one component at approximately 21 and another at approximately 26 h (Helfrich, 1986).
Recent Updates
Description	What does this section display? This section contains items that were added to this record for each release. It currently only tracks new links between this FlyBase report and other FlyBase data classes (e.g. genes, references, stocks) or controlled vocabulary terms (e.g. GO, anatomy terms). What does this section not display? This section does not currently display links that were removed or gene model changes.
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FB2013_03
FB2013_02
All updates	Click here to see a list of all updates to this record from FB2010_08 and on.
Detailed Mapping Data
FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Evidence for location 19F5-19F5   Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{EP}CG1702EP1525 and P{EP}EP1465&P{EP}CG1486EP1192
Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Notes References
Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
Location
Left of (cM)	Hlc (Miklos et al., 1987)
Right of (cM)	car (Fischbach and Lyly-Hunerberg, 1983) fliI (Miklos et al., 1987) f (Fischbach and Heisenberg, 1981)
Notes	Fischbach and Heisenberg (FBrf0037249) and Helfrich (FBrf0044891) quote more distal and more proximal meiotic map positions, respectively. (Hall, 1992)
Gene Model & Products
Please see the GBrowse view of Dmel\sol for information on other features To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form
Comments on Gene Model
	Alternative translation stop created by use of multiphasic reading frames within coding region. Gene model includes transcripts encoding non-overlapping portions of the full CDS. Low-frequency RNA-Seq exon junction(s) not annotated. Gene model reviewed during 5.48
Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name FlyBase ID RefSeq ID Length (nt) Associated CDS (aa) sol-RA FBtr0089679  NM_057389   4990   395 sol-RB FBtr0089678  NM_057390   5592   1594 sol-RC FBtr0089677  NM_206802   4990   1000 sol-RD FBtr0089676  NM_206801   5177   1240 sol-RE FBtr0301583  NM_001169342   5589   1593
Additional Transcript Data & Comments
Reported size (kB)	5.8, 5.2, 4.6 (northern blot) (Delaney et al., 1991)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name FlyBase ID Predicted MW (kDa) Length (aa) Theoretical pI RefSeq ID GenBank protein sol-PA   FBpp0088621   44.2   395   9.96     NP_476737   AAF50827 sol-PB   FBpp0088620   174.3   1594   8.40     NP_476738   AAF50826 sol-PC   FBpp0088619   109.4   1000   7.73     NP_996525   AAS65412 sol-PD   FBpp0088618   134.9   1240   7.86     NP_996524   AAS65411 sol-PE   FBpp0290798   174.2   1593   8.43     NP_001162813   ACZ95346
Additional Polypeptide Data & Comments
Reported size (kDa)	1597 (aa) (Maleszka et al., 1998) 1597, 395 (aa); 175 (kD) (Delaney et al., 1991)
Comments
External Data
Linkouts
Crossreferences	InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites • Cysteine peptidase, cysteine active site (IPR000169) Peptidase C2, calpain, catalytic domain (IPR001300) Zinc finger, RanBP2-type (IPR001876) Peptidase C2, calpain family (IPR022684) MEROPS - An information resource for peptidases and the proteins that inhibit them • C02.010
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank	DNA sequence Protein sequence Name AA567234   AA801557   AE014298 AAF50826   AE014298 AAF50827   AE014298 AAS65411   AE014298 AAS65412   AC011251   AE014298 ACZ95346   AF017777 AAC28409   AI405959   AI455149   AI517116   AI517639   AI531041   AI532747   AI541989   AI543604   AY128468 AAM75061   BG635781   BI215416   BI635267   BI637697   BI638895   BT126353   BT126367   BT133439   CK604840   CK604841   CK661113   CO186949   CO188697   CO189388   CO191000   CO279125   CO284051   CO294348   CO299549   CO308683   CO321493   CO330544   DN154071   EC054263   EC062219   EC063966   EC069563   EC074431   EC079033   EC090360   EC210791   EC215093   EC217754   EC218113   EC241173   GH941658   GH941739   GH942022   GH943317   GH943681   GH944952   GH946262   GH946624   GH946997   GH947410   GH947936   GH951237   GH959079   GH961748   GH962478   GH966926   GH969552   GH975128   GH975333   GH975435   GH977314   GH978358   GH978541   GH979381   GH982709   GH983172   M64084 AAB95431
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot	P27398
UniProtKB/TrEMBL	E1JJ98
Mapped Features
Mapped Features have been reorganized, please see this article for details. Additional mapped features and mutations can be found on GBrowse or related reports. Type Symbol & Location Additional Notes References
External Data
Linkouts
Crossreferences
Expression Data
Transcript Expression
in situ Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference embryonic stage 1 -- 3   organism   (Fisher et al., 2012) Comment:maternally deposited embryonic stage 4 -- 6   organism   (Fisher et al., 2012)
Additional Descriptive Data
	The 5.8kb sol transcripts are present throughout development with the highest levels in embryos. (Delaney et al., 1991) sol transcripts are produced at wild type levels in the sol1078 mutant but are 0.6 kb smaller. (Delaney et al., 1991) 5.2kb sol transcripts are expressed throughout development with the highest levels in embryos. (Delaney et al., 1991)
Marker for
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Polypeptide Expression
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
Subcellular Localization (GO Cellular Component)
CV term Evidence References
Expression Deduced from Reporters
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools
Reference	See Gelbart and Emmert, 2010.10.13 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
FlyAtlas Anatomy Microarray
FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data (FlyAtlas-RNA.adult) (FlyAtlas-RNA.larva)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap Back-to-back    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High level expression bin max Very high expression bin max Summary of FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data: Expression at high levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult brain. Expression at moderate levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult head, adult eye, larval/adult central nervous system, adult crop, larval/adult midgut, larval/adult hindgut, larval/adult Malpighian tubules, larval fat body, adult salivary gland, larval trachea, adult ovary, adult male accessory gland, larval carcass. [download data (TSV)] Guide to FlyAtlas expression level colors   No expression (0 - 9.999)   Low expression (10 - 99.999)   Moderate expression (100 - 499.999)   High level expression (500 - 999.999)   Very high expression (>999.999) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    344.275 Larval Midgut    125.2 Larval Hindgut    125.1 Larval Malpighian Tubules    109.7 Larval Fat Body    147.7 Larval Salivary Gland    81.2 Larval Trachea    164.2 Larval Carcass    113.25 Adult Head    190.2 Adult Eye    303.85 Adult Brain    528.4 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    498.6 Adult Crop    173.9 Adult Midgut    179.2 Adult Hindgut    150 Adult Malpighian Tubules    209.9 Adult Fat Body    26 Adult Salivary Gland    103.5 Adult Heart    69.3 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    70.1 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    85.2 Adult Ovary    364.8 Adult Testis    50.9 Adult Male Accessory Gland    120.5 Adult Carcass    92.5 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    344.275 Larval Midgut    125.2 Larval Hindgut    125.1 Larval Malpighian Tubules    109.7 Larval Fat Body    147.7 Larval Salivary Gland    81.2 Larval Trachea    164.2 Larval Carcass    113.25 Adult Head    190.2 Adult Eye    303.85 Adult Brain  528.4 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    498.6 Adult Crop    173.9 Adult Midgut    179.2 Adult Hindgut    150 Adult Malpighian Tubules    209.9 Adult Fat Body    26 Adult Salivary Gland    103.5 Adult Heart    69.3 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    70.1 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    85.2 Adult Ovary    364.8 Adult Testis    50.9 Adult Male Accessory Gland    120.5 Adult Carcass    92.5 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High  Linear, scaled to High level expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    344.275 Larval Midgut    125.2 Larval Hindgut    125.1 Larval Malpighian Tubules    109.7 Larval Fat Body    147.7 Larval Salivary Gland    81.2 Larval Trachea    164.2 Larval Carcass    113.25 Adult Head    190.2 Adult Eye    303.85 Adult Brain    528.4 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    498.6 Adult Crop    173.9 Adult Midgut    179.2 Adult Hindgut    150 Adult Malpighian Tubules    209.9 Adult Fat Body    26 Adult Salivary Gland    103.5 Adult Heart    69.3 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    70.1 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    85.2 Adult Ovary    364.8 Adult Testis    50.9 Adult Male Accessory Gland    120.5 Adult Carcass    92.5 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Very high expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    344.275 Larval Midgut    125.2 Larval Hindgut    125.1 Larval Malpighian Tubules    109.7 Larval Fat Body    147.7 Larval Salivary Gland    81.2 Larval Trachea    164.2 Larval Carcass    113.25 Adult Head    190.2 Adult Eye    303.85 Adult Brain    528.4 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    498.6 Adult Crop    173.9 Adult Midgut    179.2 Adult Hindgut    150 Adult Malpighian Tubules    209.9 Adult Fat Body    26 Adult Salivary Gland    103.5 Adult Heart    69.3 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    70.1 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    85.2 Adult Ovary    364.8 Adult Testis    50.9 Adult Male Accessory Gland    120.5 Adult Carcass    92.5 Expression Level Scale  Very high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    344.275 Larval Midgut    125.2 Larval Hindgut    125.1 Larval Malpighian Tubules    109.7 Larval Fat Body    147.7 Larval Salivary Gland    81.2 Larval Trachea    164.2 Larval Carcass    113.25 Adult Head    190.2 Adult Eye    303.85 Adult Brain    528.4 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    498.6 Adult Crop    173.9 Adult Midgut    179.2 Adult Hindgut    150 Adult Malpighian Tubules    209.9 Adult Fat Body    26 Adult Salivary Gland    103.5 Adult Heart    69.3 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    70.1 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    85.2 Adult Ovary    364.8 Adult Testis    50.9 Adult Male Accessory Gland    120.5 Adult Carcass    92.5 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High  log, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    344.275 Larval Midgut    125.2 Larval Hindgut    125.1 Larval Malpighian Tubules    109.7 Larval Fat Body    147.7 Larval Salivary Gland    81.2 Larval Trachea    164.2 Larval Carcass    113.25 Adult Head    190.2 Adult Eye    303.85 Adult Brain  528.4 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    498.6 Adult Crop    173.9 Adult Midgut    179.2 Adult Hindgut    150 Adult Malpighian Tubules    209.9 Adult Fat Body    26 Adult Salivary Gland    103.5 Adult Heart    69.3 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    70.1 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    85.2 Adult Ovary    364.8 Adult Testis    50.9 Adult Male Accessory Gland    120.5 Adult Carcass    92.5 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High  log, scaled to High level expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    344.275 Larval Midgut    125.2 Larval Hindgut    125.1 Larval Malpighian Tubules    109.7 Larval Fat Body    147.7 Larval Salivary Gland    81.2 Larval Trachea    164.2 Larval Carcass    113.25 Adult Head    190.2 Adult Eye    303.85 Adult Brain    528.4 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    498.6 Adult Crop    173.9 Adult Midgut    179.2 Adult Hindgut    150 Adult Malpighian Tubules    209.9 Adult Fat Body    26 Adult Salivary Gland    103.5 Adult Heart    69.3 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    70.1 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    85.2 Adult Ovary    364.8 Adult Testis    50.9 Adult Male Accessory Gland    120.5 Adult Carcass    92.5 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  log, scaled to Very high expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    344.275 Larval Midgut    125.2 Larval Hindgut    125.1 Larval Malpighian Tubules    109.7 Larval Fat Body    147.7 Larval Salivary Gland    81.2 Larval Trachea    164.2 Larval Carcass    113.25 Adult Head    190.2 Adult Eye    303.85 Adult Brain    528.4 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    498.6 Adult Crop    173.9 Adult Midgut    179.2 Adult Hindgut    150 Adult Malpighian Tubules    209.9 Adult Fat Body    26 Adult Salivary Gland    103.5 Adult Heart    69.3 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    70.1 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    85.2 Adult Ovary    364.8 Adult Testis    50.9 Adult Male Accessory Gland    120.5 Adult Carcass    92.5 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  Heatmap Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System     Larval Midgut     Larval Hindgut     Larval Malpighian Tubules     Larval Fat Body     Larval Salivary Gland     Larval Trachea     Larval Carcass     Adult Head     Adult Eye     Adult Brain     Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion     Adult Crop     Adult Midgut     Adult Hindgut     Adult Malpighian Tubules     Adult Fat Body     Adult Salivary Gland     Adult Heart     Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca     Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca     Adult Ovary     Adult Testis     Adult Male Accessory Gland     Adult Carcass     FlyAtlas Organ/Tissue Expression, larval vs. adult Larval Expression Level Tissue Adult Expression Level   NA  Head    190.2   NA  Eye    303.85   NA  Brain    528.4   344.275  Central Nervous System    NA   NA  Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    498.6   NA  Crop    173.9   125.2  Midgut    179.2   125.1  Hindgut    150   109.7  Malpighian Tubules    209.9   147.7  Fat Body    26   81.2  Salivary Gland    103.5   NA  Heart    69.3   164.2  Trachea    NA   NA  VirginFemale Spermatheca    70.1   NA  InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    85.2   NA  Ovary    364.8   NA  Testis    50.9   NA  Male Accessory Gland    120.5   113.25  Carcass    92.5 FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data (Chintapalli et al., 2007)
modENCODE Anatomy RNA-Seq
modENCODE Tissue Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_tissues)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    14 central nervous system, larvae L3    21 central nervous system, pupae P8    14 head, virgin 1-day female    9 head, virgin 4-day female    10 head, virgin 20-day female    11 head, mated 1-day female    10 head, mated 4-day female    9 head, mated 20-day female    10 head, mated 1-day male    15 head, mated 4-day male    15 head, mated 20-day male    19 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    1 salivary gland, white prepupae    4 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    5 digestive system, 1-day adult    5 digestive system, 4-day adult    7 digestive system, 20-day adult    9 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    2 fat body, white prepupae    3 fat body, pupae P8    7 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    11 carcass, 1-day adult    3 carcass, 4-day adult    4 carcass, 20-day adult    4 ovary, virgin 4-day female    21 ovary, mated 4-day female    22 testis, mated 4-day male    5 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    3 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    14 central nervous system, larvae L3    21 central nervous system, pupae P8    14 head, virgin 1-day female    9 head, virgin 4-day female    10 head, virgin 20-day female    11 head, mated 1-day female    10 head, mated 4-day female    9 head, mated 20-day female    10 head, mated 1-day male    15 head, mated 4-day male    15 head, mated 20-day male    19 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    1 salivary gland, white prepupae    4 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    5 digestive system, 1-day adult    5 digestive system, 4-day adult    7 digestive system, 20-day adult    9 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    2 fat body, white prepupae    3 fat body, pupae P8    7 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    11 carcass, 1-day adult    3 carcass, 4-day adult    4 carcass, 20-day adult    4 ovary, virgin 4-day female    21 ovary, mated 4-day female    22 testis, mated 4-day male    5 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    3 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    14 central nervous system, larvae L3    21 central nervous system, pupae P8    14 head, virgin 1-day female    9 head, virgin 4-day female    10 head, virgin 20-day female    11 head, mated 1-day female    10 head, mated 4-day female    9 head, mated 20-day female    10 head, mated 1-day male    15 head, mated 4-day male    15 head, mated 20-day male    19 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    1 salivary gland, white prepupae    4 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    5 digestive system, 1-day adult    5 digestive system, 4-day adult    7 digestive system, 20-day adult    9 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    2 fat body, white prepupae    3 fat body, pupae P8    7 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    11 carcass, 1-day adult    3 carcass, 4-day adult    4 carcass, 20-day adult    4 ovary, virgin 4-day female    21 ovary, mated 4-day female    22 testis, mated 4-day male    5 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    3 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    14 central nervous system, larvae L3    21 central nervous system, pupae P8    14 head, virgin 1-day female    9 head, virgin 4-day female    10 head, virgin 20-day female    11 head, mated 1-day female    10 head, mated 4-day female    9 head, mated 20-day female    10 head, mated 1-day male    15 head, mated 4-day male    15 head, mated 20-day male    19 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    1 salivary gland, white prepupae    4 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    5 digestive system, 1-day adult    5 digestive system, 4-day adult    7 digestive system, 20-day adult    9 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    2 fat body, white prepupae    3 fat body, pupae P8    7 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    11 carcass, 1-day adult    3 carcass, 4-day adult    4 carcass, 20-day adult    4 ovary, virgin 4-day female    21 ovary, mated 4-day female    22 testis, mated 4-day male    5 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    3 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    14 central nervous system, larvae L3    21 central nervous system, pupae P8    14 head, virgin 1-day female    9 head, virgin 4-day female    10 head, virgin 20-day female    11 head, mated 1-day female    10 head, mated 4-day female    9 head, mated 20-day female    10 head, mated 1-day male    15 head, mated 4-day male    15 head, mated 20-day male    19 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    1 salivary gland, white prepupae    4 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    5 digestive system, 1-day adult    5 digestive system, 4-day adult    7 digestive system, 20-day adult    9 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    2 fat body, white prepupae    3 fat body, pupae P8    7 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    11 carcass, 1-day adult    3 carcass, 4-day adult    4 carcass, 20-day adult    4 ovary, virgin 4-day female    21 ovary, mated 4-day female    22 testis, mated 4-day male    5 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    3 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    14 central nervous system, larvae L3    21 central nervous system, pupae P8    14 head, virgin 1-day female    9 head, virgin 4-day female    10 head, virgin 20-day female    11 head, mated 1-day female    10 head, mated 4-day female    9 head, mated 20-day female    10 head, mated 1-day male    15 head, mated 4-day male    15 head, mated 20-day male    19 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    1 salivary gland, white prepupae    4 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    5 digestive system, 1-day adult    5 digestive system, 4-day adult    7 digestive system, 20-day adult    9 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    2 fat body, white prepupae    3 fat body, pupae P8    7 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    11 carcass, 1-day adult    3 carcass, 4-day adult    4 carcass, 20-day adult    4 ovary, virgin 4-day female    21 ovary, mated 4-day female    22 testis, mated 4-day male    5 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    3 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    14 central nervous system, larvae L3    21 central nervous system, pupae P8    14 head, virgin 1-day female    9 head, virgin 4-day female    10 head, virgin 20-day female    11 head, mated 1-day female    10 head, mated 4-day female    9 head, mated 20-day female    10 head, mated 1-day male    15 head, mated 4-day male    15 head, mated 20-day male    19 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    1 salivary gland, white prepupae    4 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    5 digestive system, 1-day adult    5 digestive system, 4-day adult    7 digestive system, 20-day adult    9 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    2 fat body, white prepupae    3 fat body, pupae P8    7 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    11 carcass, 1-day adult    3 carcass, 4-day adult    4 carcass, 20-day adult    4 ovary, virgin 4-day female    21 ovary, mated 4-day female    22 testis, mated 4-day male    5 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    3 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    14 central nervous system, larvae L3    21 central nervous system, pupae P8    14 head, virgin 1-day female    9 head, virgin 4-day female    10 head, virgin 20-day female    11 head, mated 1-day female    10 head, mated 4-day female    9 head, mated 20-day female    10 head, mated 1-day male    15 head, mated 4-day male    15 head, mated 20-day male    19 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    1 salivary gland, white prepupae    4 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    5 digestive system, 1-day adult    5 digestive system, 4-day adult    7 digestive system, 20-day adult    9 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    2 fat body, white prepupae    3 fat body, pupae P8    7 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    11 carcass, 1-day adult    3 carcass, 4-day adult    4 carcass, 20-day adult    4 ovary, virgin 4-day female    21 ovary, mated 4-day female    22 testis, mated 4-day male    5 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    3 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering     central nervous system, larvae L3     central nervous system, pupae P8     head, virgin 1-day female     head, virgin 4-day female     head, virgin 20-day female     head, mated 1-day female     head, mated 4-day female     head, mated 20-day female     head, mated 1-day male     head, mated 4-day male     head, mated 20-day male     salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering     salivary gland, white prepupae     digestive system, larvae L3 wandering     digestive system, 1-day adult     digestive system, 4-day adult     digestive system, 20-day adult     fat body, larvae L3 wandering     fat body, white prepupae     fat body, pupae P8     carcass, larvae L3 wandering     carcass, 1-day adult     carcass, 4-day adult     carcass, 20-day adult     ovary, virgin 4-day female     ovary, mated 4-day female     testis, mated 4-day male     accessory gland, mated 4-day male
modENCODE Development RNA-Seq
modENCODE Temporal Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_U)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max Summary of modENCODE Temporal Expression Profile: Temporal profile ranges from a peak of moderately high expression to a trough of moderate expression. Peak expression observed within 00-18 hour embryonic stages, during early pupal stages, in adult female stages. [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    43 embryo 02-04hr    12 embryo 04-06hr    17 embryo 06-08hr    27 embryo 08-10hr    24 embryo 10-12hr    22 embryo 12-14hr    15 embryo 14-16hr    19 embryo 16-18hr    14 embryo 18-20hr    16 embryo 20-22hr    15 embryo 22-24hr    12 larva L1    16 larva L2    7 larva L3 12hr old    7 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    8 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    13 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    16 white prepupae new    16 white prepupae 12hr    23 white prepupae 24hr    26 pupae 2d postWPP    17 pupae 3d postWPP    9 pupae 4d postWPP    14 adult male 01day    11 adult male 05day    14 adult male 30day    17 adult female 01day    28 adult female 05day    31 adult female 30day    33 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr  (43) embryo 02-04hr    12 embryo 04-06hr    17 embryo 06-08hr  (27) embryo 08-10hr    24 embryo 10-12hr    22 embryo 12-14hr    15 embryo 14-16hr    19 embryo 16-18hr    14 embryo 18-20hr    16 embryo 20-22hr    15 embryo 22-24hr    12 larva L1    16 larva L2    7 larva L3 12hr old    7 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    8 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    13 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    16 white prepupae new    16 white prepupae 12hr    23 white prepupae 24hr  26 pupae 2d postWPP    17 pupae 3d postWPP    9 pupae 4d postWPP    14 adult male 01day    11 adult male 05day    14 adult male 30day    17 adult female 01day  (28) adult female 05day  (31) adult female 30day  (33) Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    43 embryo 02-04hr    12 embryo 04-06hr    17 embryo 06-08hr    27 embryo 08-10hr    24 embryo 10-12hr    22 embryo 12-14hr    15 embryo 14-16hr    19 embryo 16-18hr    14 embryo 18-20hr    16 embryo 20-22hr    15 embryo 22-24hr    12 larva L1    16 larva L2    7 larva L3 12hr old    7 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    8 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    13 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    16 white prepupae new    16 white prepupae 12hr    23 white prepupae 24hr    26 pupae 2d postWPP    17 pupae 3d postWPP    9 pupae 4d postWPP    14 adult male 01day    11 adult male 05day    14 adult male 30day    17 adult female 01day    28 adult female 05day    31 adult female 30day    33 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    43 embryo 02-04hr    12 embryo 04-06hr    17 embryo 06-08hr    27 embryo 08-10hr    24 embryo 10-12hr    22 embryo 12-14hr    15 embryo 14-16hr    19 embryo 16-18hr    14 embryo 18-20hr    16 embryo 20-22hr    15 embryo 22-24hr    12 larva L1    16 larva L2    7 larva L3 12hr old    7 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    8 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    13 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    16 white prepupae new    16 white prepupae 12hr    23 white prepupae 24hr    26 pupae 2d postWPP    17 pupae 3d postWPP    9 pupae 4d postWPP    14 adult male 01day    11 adult male 05day    14 adult male 30day    17 adult female 01day    28 adult female 05day    31 adult female 30day    33 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    43 embryo 02-04hr    12 embryo 04-06hr    17 embryo 06-08hr    27 embryo 08-10hr    24 embryo 10-12hr    22 embryo 12-14hr    15 embryo 14-16hr    19 embryo 16-18hr    14 embryo 18-20hr    16 embryo 20-22hr    15 embryo 22-24hr    12 larva L1    16 larva L2    7 larva L3 12hr old    7 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    8 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    13 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    16 white prepupae new    16 white prepupae 12hr    23 white prepupae 24hr    26 pupae 2d postWPP    17 pupae 3d postWPP    9 pupae 4d postWPP    14 adult male 01day    11 adult male 05day    14 adult male 30day    17 adult female 01day    28 adult female 05day    31 adult female 30day    33 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High  log, scaled to Moderate expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr  (43) embryo 02-04hr    12 embryo 04-06hr    17 embryo 06-08hr  27 embryo 08-10hr    24 embryo 10-12hr    22 embryo 12-14hr    15 embryo 14-16hr    19 embryo 16-18hr    14 embryo 18-20hr    16 embryo 20-22hr    15 embryo 22-24hr    12 larva L1    16 larva L2    7 larva L3 12hr old    7 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    8 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    13 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    16 white prepupae new    16 white prepupae 12hr    23 white prepupae 24hr  26 pupae 2d postWPP    17 pupae 3d postWPP    9 pupae 4d postWPP    14 adult male 01day    11 adult male 05day    14 adult male 30day    17 adult female 01day  28 adult female 05day  31 adult female 30day  (33) Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    43 embryo 02-04hr    12 embryo 04-06hr    17 embryo 06-08hr    27 embryo 08-10hr    24 embryo 10-12hr    22 embryo 12-14hr    15 embryo 14-16hr    19 embryo 16-18hr    14 embryo 18-20hr    16 embryo 20-22hr    15 embryo 22-24hr    12 larva L1    16 larva L2    7 larva L3 12hr old    7 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    8 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    13 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    16 white prepupae new    16 white prepupae 12hr    23 white prepupae 24hr    26 pupae 2d postWPP    17 pupae 3d postWPP    9 pupae 4d postWPP    14 adult male 01day    11 adult male 05day    14 adult male 30day    17 adult female 01day    28 adult female 05day    31 adult female 30day    33 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    43 embryo 02-04hr    12 embryo 04-06hr    17 embryo 06-08hr    27 embryo 08-10hr    24 embryo 10-12hr    22 embryo 12-14hr    15 embryo 14-16hr    19 embryo 16-18hr    14 embryo 18-20hr    16 embryo 20-22hr    15 embryo 22-24hr    12 larva L1    16 larva L2    7 larva L3 12hr old    7 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    8 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    13 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    16 white prepupae new    16 white prepupae 12hr    23 white prepupae 24hr    26 pupae 2d postWPP    17 pupae 3d postWPP    9 pupae 4d postWPP    14 adult male 01day    11 adult male 05day    14 adult male 30day    17 adult female 01day    28 adult female 05day    31 adult female 30day    33 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr     embryo 02-04hr     embryo 04-06hr     embryo 06-08hr     embryo 08-10hr     embryo 10-12hr     embryo 12-14hr     embryo 14-16hr     embryo 16-18hr     embryo 18-20hr     embryo 20-22hr     embryo 22-24hr     larva L1     larva L2     larva L3 12hr old     larva L3 puffstage 1-2     larva L3 puffstage 3-6     larva L3 puffstage 7-9     white prepupae new     white prepupae 12hr     white prepupae 24hr     pupae 2d postWPP     pupae 3d postWPP     pupae 4d postWPP     adult male 01day     adult male 05day     adult male 30day     adult female 01day     adult female 05day     adult female 30day     modENCODE Temporal Expression Data (Graveley et al., 2011)
modENCODE Cell Lines RNA-Seq
modENCODE Cell Line Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_cell.A) (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_cell.B)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    33 Schneider line 2 Sg4    35 embryonic 1182-4H    27 embryonic GM2    32 embryonic Kc167    24 embryonic S1    24 embryonic S3    14 leg disc CME L1    30 wing disc CME-W2    12 wing disc ML-DmD8    17 wing disc ML-DmD9    29 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    19 wing disc ML-DmD21    21 wing disc ML-DmD32    14 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    22 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    15 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    8 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    12 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    18 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    17 tumorous blood cells mbn2    18 ovary fGS/OSS    21 ovary OSC    14 ovary OSS    8 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+  (33) Schneider line 2 Sg4  (35) embryonic 1182-4H  (27) embryonic GM2  (32) embryonic Kc167    24 embryonic S1    24 embryonic S3    14 leg disc CME L1  (30) wing disc CME-W2    12 wing disc ML-DmD8    17 wing disc ML-DmD9  (29) wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    19 wing disc ML-DmD21    21 wing disc ML-DmD32    14 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    22 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    15 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    8 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    12 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    18 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    17 tumorous blood cells mbn2    18 ovary fGS/OSS    21 ovary OSC    14 ovary OSS    8 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    33 Schneider line 2 Sg4    35 embryonic 1182-4H    27 embryonic GM2    32 embryonic Kc167    24 embryonic S1    24 embryonic S3    14 leg disc CME L1    30 wing disc CME-W2    12 wing disc ML-DmD8    17 wing disc ML-DmD9    29 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    19 wing disc ML-DmD21    21 wing disc ML-DmD32    14 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    22 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    15 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    8 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    12 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    18 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    17 tumorous blood cells mbn2    18 ovary fGS/OSS    21 ovary OSC    14 ovary OSS    8 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    33 Schneider line 2 Sg4    35 embryonic 1182-4H    27 embryonic GM2    32 embryonic Kc167    24 embryonic S1    24 embryonic S3    14 leg disc CME L1    30 wing disc CME-W2    12 wing disc ML-DmD8    17 wing disc ML-DmD9    29 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    19 wing disc ML-DmD21    21 wing disc ML-DmD32    14 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    22 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    15 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    8 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    12 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    18 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    17 tumorous blood cells mbn2    18 ovary fGS/OSS    21 ovary OSC    14 ovary OSS    8 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    33 Schneider line 2 Sg4    35 embryonic 1182-4H    27 embryonic GM2    32 embryonic Kc167    24 embryonic S1    24 embryonic S3    14 leg disc CME L1    30 wing disc CME-W2    12 wing disc ML-DmD8    17 wing disc ML-DmD9    29 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    19 wing disc ML-DmD21    21 wing disc ML-DmD32    14 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    22 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    15 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    8 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    12 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    18 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    17 tumorous blood cells mbn2    18 ovary fGS/OSS    21 ovary OSC    14 ovary OSS    8 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to Moderate expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+  (33) Schneider line 2 Sg4  (35) embryonic 1182-4H  27 embryonic GM2  32 embryonic Kc167    24 embryonic S1    24 embryonic S3    14 leg disc CME L1  30 wing disc CME-W2    12 wing disc ML-DmD8    17 wing disc ML-DmD9  29 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    19 wing disc ML-DmD21    21 wing disc ML-DmD32    14 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    22 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    15 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    8 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    12 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    18 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    17 tumorous blood cells mbn2    18 ovary fGS/OSS    21 ovary OSC    14 ovary OSS    8 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    33 Schneider line 2 Sg4    35 embryonic 1182-4H    27 embryonic GM2    32 embryonic Kc167    24 embryonic S1    24 embryonic S3    14 leg disc CME L1    30 wing disc CME-W2    12 wing disc ML-DmD8    17 wing disc ML-DmD9    29 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    19 wing disc ML-DmD21    21 wing disc ML-DmD32    14 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    22 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    15 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    8 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    12 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    18 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    17 tumorous blood cells mbn2    18 ovary fGS/OSS    21 ovary OSC    14 ovary OSS    8 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    33 Schneider line 2 Sg4    35 embryonic 1182-4H    27 embryonic GM2    32 embryonic Kc167    24 embryonic S1    24 embryonic S3    14 leg disc CME L1    30 wing disc CME-W2    12 wing disc ML-DmD8    17 wing disc ML-DmD9    29 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    19 wing disc ML-DmD21    21 wing disc ML-DmD32    14 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    22 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    15 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    8 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    12 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    18 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    17 tumorous blood cells mbn2    18 ovary fGS/OSS    21 ovary OSC    14 ovary OSS    8 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+     Schneider line 2 Sg4     embryonic 1182-4H     embryonic GM2     embryonic Kc167     embryonic S1     embryonic S3     leg disc CME L1     wing disc CME-W2     wing disc ML-DmD8     wing disc ML-DmD9     wing disc ML-DmD16-c3     wing disc ML-DmD21     wing disc ML-DmD32     haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3     eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11     antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5     mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1     CNS ML-DmBG1-c1     CNS ML-DmBG2-c2     tumorous blood cells mbn2     ovary fGS/OSS     ovary OSC     ovary OSS
modENCODE Treatments RNA-Seq
modENCODE Treatment Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_treatments)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    14 cold shock, 4-day adult    9 heat shock, 4-day adult    11 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    4 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    2 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    10 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    18 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    5 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    4 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    6 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    27 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    3 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    4 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    4 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    18 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    10 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    17 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    21 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    5 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    14 cold shock, 4-day adult    9 heat shock, 4-day adult    11 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    4 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    2 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    10 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    18 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    5 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    4 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    6 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3  (27) Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    3 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    4 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    4 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    18 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    10 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    17 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    21 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    5 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    14 cold shock, 4-day adult    9 heat shock, 4-day adult    11 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    4 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    2 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    10 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    18 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    5 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    4 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    6 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    27 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    3 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    4 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    4 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    18 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    10 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    17 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    21 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    5 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    14 cold shock, 4-day adult    9 heat shock, 4-day adult    11 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    4 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    2 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    10 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    18 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    5 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    4 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    6 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    27 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    3 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    4 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    4 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    18 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    10 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    17 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    21 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    5 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    14 cold shock, 4-day adult    9 heat shock, 4-day adult    11 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    4 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    2 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    10 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    18 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    5 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    4 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    6 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    27 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    3 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    4 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    4 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    18 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    10 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    17 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    21 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    5 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to Moderate expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    14 cold shock, 4-day adult    9 heat shock, 4-day adult    11 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    4 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    2 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    10 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    18 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    5 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    4 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    6 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3  27 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    3 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    4 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    4 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    18 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    10 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    17 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    21 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    5 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    14 cold shock, 4-day adult    9 heat shock, 4-day adult    11 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    4 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    2 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    10 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    18 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    5 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    4 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    6 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    27 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    3 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    4 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    4 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    18 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    10 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    17 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    21 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    5 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    14 cold shock, 4-day adult    9 heat shock, 4-day adult    11 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    4 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    2 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    10 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    18 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    5 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    4 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    6 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    27 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    3 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    4 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    4 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    18 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    10 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    17 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    21 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    5 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult     cold shock, 4-day adult     heat shock, 4-day adult     Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3     Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3     Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3     Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3     Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3     Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3     Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3     Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3     Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3     Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3
Expression Clusters
	A cluster of genes with similar mRNA expression dynamics across development. (The modENCODE Consortium, 2010, Graveley et al., 2011) mE2_34_mRNA_expression_cluster_01 mE1_20_mRNA_expression_cluster_09
External Data & Images
Linkouts	BDGP expression data • RE21811 FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies • FBgn0003464 FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array • CG1391-RA
Alleles & Phenotypes
Summary of Allele Phenotypes
Lethality Allele viable sol1 viable, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237 solGD8164 Other Phenotypes Allele behavior defective sol1078 behavior defective | recessive sol1 flight defective sol1078 neuroanatomy defective | recessive sol1 visual behavior defective sol1 wild-type sol+t11 sol+t12.4 Phenotype manifest in Allele adult central nervous system sol16 central nervous system sol16 cortex of medulla sol1 embryonic/larval optic stalk sol1 lobula sol1 lobula plate sol1 lobula plate cortex sol1 medulla neuropil sol1 optic lobe sol1 sol1078 Pdf neuron sol1
Classical Alleles ( 18 )
For All Classical Alleles Show
Allele of sol Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion sol1078 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 Yes sol10 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- sol11 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- sol12 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- sol13 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- sol14 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- sol15 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- sol16 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- sol17 0 -- sol1 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- sol2 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- sol3 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- sol4 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- sol5 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- sol6 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- sol7 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- sol8 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- sol9 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 --
Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs ( 6 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Allele of sol Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion solGD8164 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 1 Yes solJF03400 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 1 Yes sol+t11 in vitro construct - genomic fragment 0 -- sol+t12.4 in vitro construct - genomic fragment 0 -- solKK107903 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes solNIG.1391R in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes
Aneuploid Aberrations
Disrupted in	Df(1)2/19B (Perrimon et al., 1989, Miklos and de Couet, 1990) Df(1)16-3-22 (Miklos et al., 1987) Df(1)17-257 (Miklos et al., 1987, Perrimon et al., 1989, Miklos and de Couet, 1990, Russell et al., 1992, Maleszka et al., 1996) Df(1)17-351 (Miklos et al., 1987, Perrimon et al., 1989, Miklos and de Couet, 1990) Df(1)17-489 (Miklos et al., 1987, Perrimon et al., 1989) Df(1)26B (Perrimon et al., 1989) Df(1)A53 (Perrimon et al., 1989) Df(1)C74 (Perrimon et al., 1989, Miklos and de Couet, 1990) Df(1)D43L1 (Perrimon et al., 1989) Df(1)DCB1-35b (Perrimon et al., 1989) Df(1)GA33 (Perrimon et al., 1989) Df(1)GA37 (Perrimon et al., 1989) Df(1)GA40 (Perrimon et al., 1989) Df(1)GA104 (Miklos et al., 1987, Perrimon et al., 1989, Miklos and de Couet, 1990, Maleszka et al., 1996) Df(1)GE263 (Miklos et al., 1987, Perrimon et al., 1989, Miklos and de Couet, 1990) Df(1)HM44 (Miklos et al., 1986, Miklos et al., 1987, Perrimon et al., 1989, Miklos and de Couet, 1990) Df(1)LB6 (Perrimon et al., 1989) Df(1)LB7 (Perrimon et al., 1989) Df(1)LB23 (Perrimon et al., 1989) Df(1)N77 (Perrimon et al., 1989) Df(1)Q539 (Miklos et al., 1987, Perrimon et al., 1989, Miklos and de Couet, 1990) Df(1)S54 (Miklos et al., 1987, Perrimon et al., 1989, Miklos and de Couet, 1990)
Not disrupted in	Df(1)2/19B (Delaney et al., 1991, Hayward et al., 1993, Maleszka et al., 1996) Df(1)16-2-13 (Miklos et al., 1987) Df(1)16-3-35 (Miklos et al., 1987, Perrimon et al., 1989) Df(1)16-129 (Miklos et al., 1987, Perrimon et al., 1989, Miklos and de Couet, 1990, Delaney et al., 1991, Russell et al., 1992, Hayward et al., 1993, Maleszka et al., 1996) Df(1)A118 (Miklos et al., 1987, Perrimon et al., 1989) Df(1)B57 (Miklos et al., 1987, Perrimon et al., 1989, Miklos and de Couet, 1990) Df(1)DCB1-35c (Miklos et al., 1987) Df(1)EA113 (Miklos et al., 1987) Df(1)GA22 (Miklos et al., 1987) Df(1)GA131 (Miklos et al., 1987) Df(1)HC279 (Perrimon et al., 1989) Df(1)HF359 (Miklos et al., 1987) Df(1)JA21 (Miklos et al., 1987) Df(1)JA117 (Miklos et al., 1987, Perrimon et al., 1989, Miklos and de Couet, 1990) Df(1)JC4 (Miklos et al., 1987, Miklos and de Couet, 1990) Df(1)JC77 (Miklos et al., 1987, Perrimon et al., 1989, Miklos and de Couet, 1990, Hayward et al., 1993) Df(1)mal10 (Perrimon et al., 1989) Df(1)mal17 (Perrimon et al., 1989) Df(1)run1112 (Perrimon et al., 1989) Df(1)T2-14A (Miklos et al., 1987, Perrimon et al., 1989)
Duplicated in	Dp(1;f)mini2 (Perrimon et al., 1989) Dp(1;f)mini77 (Perrimon et al., 1989, Miklos and de Couet, 1990) Dp(1;f)mini-ring (Perrimon et al., 1989) Dp(1;Y)B101 (Perrimon et al., 1989) Dp(1;Y)y+mal102 (Perrimon et al., 1989) Dp(1;Y)y+mal106 (Miklos and de Couet, 1990) Dp(1;Y)y+mal171 (Perrimon et al., 1989)
Not duplicated in	Dp(1;Y)y+mal126 (Miklos and de Couet, 1990)
Transgenic Constructs & Insertions
Transgenic Constructs
	Type of construct Name Expression data UAS construct P{GD8164} NA P{KK107903} NA P{NIG.1391R} NA P{TRiP.JF03400} NA characterization construct P{SOL2} NA P{SOL3} NA
Insertions
	Type of insertions Name Expression data
Gene Ontology: Function, Process & Cellular Component ( 7 unique terms )
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence ( 1 term )
Molecular Function ( 0 terms)
Biological Process
CV term Evidence References
nervous system development inferred from mutant phenotype (assigned by UniProtKB) (Delaney et al., 1991)
Cellular Component ( 0 terms)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions ( 6 terms )
Molecular Function
CV term Evidence References
calcium-dependent cysteine-type endopeptidase activity inferred from sequence or structural similarity with EMBL:AF015038 (FlyBase, 1992-) zinc ion binding inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR001876 (FlyBase Curators et al., 2004-)
Biological Process
CV term Evidence References
proteolysis inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR000169, InterPro:IPR001300, InterPro:IPR022684 (FlyBase Curators et al., 2004-) visual behavior non-traceable author statement (FlyBase, 1992-)
Cellular Component
CV term Evidence References
cytoplasm non-traceable author statement (Friedrich et al., 2004) intracellular inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR001300, InterPro:IPR001876, InterPro:IPR022684 (FlyBase Curators et al., 2004-)
Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene
	nuclear_gene   protein_coding_gene
Interactions & Pathways
Summary of Physical Interactions
Summary of Genetic Interactions
Interacts with	Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions sol allele Gene References sol1 rol (Coombe, 1986)
External Data
Linkouts	BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions • 68777 DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions. • FBgn0003464 InterologFinder Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets. • 44014
Orthologs
OrthoDB Orthologs (42) - based on analysis using Dmel annotation version 5.41
OrthoDB Ortholog Groups
	OrthoDB orthology group searches (Waterhouse et al., 2011, Nucleic Acids Res. 39(Database issue): D283--D288) Drosophila inclusive ortholog search EOG6NP7P9 Dipteran inclusive ortholog search EOG64QT8B Insect inclusive ortholog search EOG61NSGD Arthropod inclusive ortholog search EOG6VQ84M Metazoa inclusive ortholog search EOG6677D9
Orthologs in Drosophila Species (EOG6NP7P9)
Organism Common Name Gene AAA Syntenic Ortholog Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly  Dmel\sol     Drosophila simulans   Dsim\GD17529 Y   Drosophila sechellia   Dsec\GM23078 Y   Drosophila erecta   Dere\GG19724 Y   Drosophila yakuba   Dyak\GE17921 Y   Drosophila yakuba   Dyak\GE13483     Drosophila ananassae   Dana\GF19541 Y   Drosophila pseudoobscura pseudoobscura   Dpse\GA22814     Drosophila persimilis   Dper\GL16011     Drosophila willistoni   Dwil\GK16404 Y   Drosophila virilis   Dvir\GJ16011 Y   Drosophila mojavensis   Dmoj\GI21537 Y   Drosophila grimshawi   Dgri\GH24811
Orthologs in non-Drosophila Dipterans (EOG64QT8B)
Organism Common Name Gene Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Aedes aegypti Yellow fever mosquito  Aaeg\AAEL006960   Anopheles gambiae Malaria mosquito  Agam\AGAP000829   Culex quinquefasciatus Southern house mosquito  Cqui\CPIJ010344
Orthologs in non-Dipteran Insects (EOG61NSGD)
Organism Common Name Gene Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Apis mellifera Western honey bee  Amel\sol   Nasonia vitripennis Parasitic wasp  Nvit\Nasvi2EG004487   Acromyrmex echinatior Panamanian leafcutter ant  Aech\AECH24314   Atta cephalotes Leafcutter ant  Acep\ACEP27452   Camponotus floridanus Florida carpenter ant  Cflo\CFLO21762   Harpegnathos saltator Jerdons jumping ant  Hsal\HSAL15960   Linepithema humile Argentine ant  Lhum\LH16370   Pogonomyrmex barbatus Red harvester ant  Pbar\PB18401   Solenopsis invicta Red fire ant  Sinv\SINV21762   Acyrthosiphon pisum Pea aphid  Apim\ACYPI006274   Bombyx mori Silkmoth  Bmor\BGIBMGA009491   Bombyx mori Silkmoth  Bmor\BGIBMGA009492   Pediculus humanus Human body louse  Phum\PHUM006450   Tribolium castaneum Red flour beetle  Tcas\GLEAN_07727
Orthologs in non-Insect Arthropods (EOG6VQ84M)
Organism Common Name Gene Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Daphnia pulex Water flea  Dpux\JGI_V11_303248   Ixodes scapularis Deer tick  Isca\ISCW017525
Orthologs in non-Arthropod Metazoa (EOG6677D9)
Organism Common Name Gene Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Caenorhabditis elegans Nematode  Cele\W05G11.4   Caenorhabditis elegans Nematode  Cele\T11A5.6   Strongylocentrotus purpuratus Purple sea urchin  Spur\SPU_017121gn   Strongylocentrotus purpuratus Purple sea urchin  Spur\SPU_003780gn   Danio rerio Zebrafish  Drer\ENSDARG00000060600   Xenopus tropicalis Western clawed frog  Xtro\solh   Gallus gallus Domestic chicken  Ggal\SOLH   Mus musculus House mouse  Mmus\Solh   Rattus norvegicus Norway rat  Rnor\Solh   Homo sapiens Human  Hsap\SOLH
Human Orthologs (1)
Gene OMIM HGNC Hsap\SOLH
AAA Orthologs (11) based on analysis using Dmel annotation version 4.3
Organism Gene Drosophila simulans Dsim\GD17529 Drosophila sechellia Dsec\GM23078 Drosophila erecta Dere\GG19724 Drosophila yakuba Dyak\GE17921 Drosophila ananassae Dana\GF19541 Drosophila pseudoobscura pseudoobscura Dpse\GA22813 Drosophila persimilis Dper\GL16009 Drosophila willistoni Dwil\GK16404 Drosophila virilis Dvir\GJ16011 Drosophila mojavensis Dmoj\GI21537 Drosophila grimshawi Dgri\GH24810
Stocks & Reagents
Stocks Listed in FlyBase ( 2 )
Bloomington	29463 y1 v1; P{TRiP.JF03400}attP2
VDRC	v17740 w1118; P{GD8164}v17740/CyO
Genomic Clones ( 2 )
	BACR09F10 BACR23I18 Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete
cDNA Clones ( 70 )
	Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see GBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.
cDNA Clones, Fully Sequenced
BDGP DGC clones	GH04108 RE21811 SD26238
Other clones	FI20257
cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
BDGP DGC clones	GH26120 GH27753 GH28677 GM01390 HL06653 LD21459 LP20270 SD01911 SD04348 SD07986 SD10419 SD13271 SD16565 SD19756 SD21295
Other clones	42645 47744 60987 76542 156381 192798 193906 CK01.26A.H9 CK01.49B.G9 CK01.54B.C8 CK01.62C.B8 EC054263 EK024923 EK041525 EK044144 EK050440 EK133601 EK165128 EK171305 EK175763 EK185763 EK206641 EK259115 EK295527 RP004013808 RP004159037 RP004203486 RP004208669 RP004212407 RP004214539 RP004218011 RP004218089 RP004223161 RP004236652 RP004249050 RP004250652 RP004250675 RP004258528 RP004260152 RP004260769 RP004262721 RP004265221 RP004295857 RP004342669 RP004344983 RP004349349 RP004439870 RP004474306 RP004524725 RP004532049 UT01477
RNAi & Array Information
Linkouts	DRSC - Results from RNAi screens. • FBgn0003464 GenomeRNAi - GenomeRNAi – A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents • 44014
Antibody Information
Other Information
Discoverer
Etymology
Identification
Relationship to Other Genes
Source for database identity of
Source for database merge of	Source for merge of: sol CG1391 (Bayraktaroglu, 2000.4.12)
Additional comments
Other Comments
	sol- flies have Ca2+-activated protease activity that is indistinguishable from wild-type flies. (Pinter, 1998.7.1) sol has been cloned and characterized: brain morphology of mutant individuals has been rescued by P element mediated transformation. (Delaney et al., 1991) The genomic region containing sol and slgA has been cloned and analysed. (Barleben et al., 1989) mnb, when in combination with rol and sol, shows diminished amplitudes of light-on and light-off transient spikes. (Coombe, 1986) Behavioural and anatomical studies demonstrate that central brain lesions can be interpreted behaviourally. (Heisenberg et al., 1985) In behavioral tests, sol1 was complemented by alleles of l(1)19Ff and also by mutations at the nearby slgA, uncl and stn loci (Miklos et al., 1987).   Medulla, lobula and lobula-plate optic ganglia reduced in volume and cell number (anatomical criteria on which several of the mutations, including the most studied allele sol1, were isolated by Heisenberg and Bohl, 1979); lamina seems unaffected; degree of reduction in the three more proximal visual-system ganglia is allele-dependent; after isogenization the severity ranking of nine alleles was as follows: sol2 = sol3 (ca. 50% normal volume) > sol6 = sol9 = sol16 > sol1 = sol4 = sol5 = sol8 (ca. 30% normal volume). Three sol mutants isolated on basis of fast phototaxis; Markow and Merriam (1977) showed that one such allele, sol4, causes flies to be anomalously photo positive and highly geonegative in maze tests. Anatomically, sol mutations cause specific cell types in medulla to be missing (Fischbach and Heisenberg, 1981); stratifications in outer medulla are missing; in general, however, mutant optic lobes are grossly well structured, and there are no disorders in the optic chiasma; special classes of transmedullary columnar neurons as well as intramedullary cells are absent; numbers of columns in the visual ganglia are normal, but numbers of neurons per column are reduced; certain neurons called T1 cells are present in each column in sol1, as usual; these reductions in cell numbers are caused by cell-type-specific degeneration of presumptive optic lobe neurons during pupation, with no degeneration apparent in neuropils of these ganglia (Fischbach and Technau, 1984); the number of axons severely reduced in anterior optic track and the combining of so with sol1 showed that these two mutations act independently on nearly exclusive subsets of these axons (Fischbach and Lyly-Hunerberg, 1983). Mosaic study showed that aberrant morphology of visual ganglia is autonomous in these optic lobes (Fischbach and Technau, 1984); adult eye and lamina optic lobe appear normal. In combination with rol and mnb mutations, sol causes diminished amplitudes of light-on and light-off transient spikes in electroretinogram (Coombe, 1986); visual fixation behavior notably defective (Fischbach and Heisenberg, 1981) <up>e.g., in the walking mode, fixation behavior is actually reversed in all sol alleles (Fischbach)</up> as, to a lesser degree, are landing responses and 'figure/ground' discrimination; on the other hand, optomotor yaw response is nearly normal (Fischbach and Heisenberg, 1981); orientation to spots in multiple Y-maze quite subnormal (Bulthoff, 1982a,b). Shock-avoidance learning of sol1 (Heisenberg, Borst, Wagner and Byers, 1985) and color discrimination in sol1, sol2, and sol3 (Fischbach) are normal; there are, however, deficits in visual plasticity (Gotz, 1983) and in the flexibility that wild types can exhibit in optomotor flight control tests (Gotz, 1985). Circadian rhythms of adult locomotor activity basically normal (Helfrich and Engelmann, 1983; Helfrich, 1986), but when sol1 combined with so, all flies tested showed complex periodicities, with a given behavioral record having one component at approximately 21 and another at approximately 26 h (Helfrich, 1986).
External Crossreferences & Linkouts
Sequence Crossreferences
	RefSeq (Transcripts) • NM_057389 NM_057390 NM_206801 NM_206802 NM_001169342 RefSeq (Proteins) • NP_476737 NP_476738 NP_996524 NP_996525 NP_001162813 DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank • AAB95431 AAC28409 AAF50826 AAF50827 AAM75061 AAS65411 AAS65412 AC011251 ACZ95346 AF017777 AY128468 BI215416 M64084 Entrez Gene - A searchable database of RefSeq genes. • 44014 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot • P27398 UniProtKB/TrEMBL • E1JJ98
Other Crossreferences
	InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites • Cysteine peptidase, cysteine active site (IPR000169) Peptidase C2, calpain, catalytic domain (IPR001300) Zinc finger, RanBP2-type (IPR001876) Peptidase C2, calpain family (IPR022684) MEROPS - An information resource for peptidases and the proteins that inhibit them • C02.010 BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis • RE21811
Linkouts
	BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions • 68777 DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions. • FBgn0003464 DRSC - Results from RNAi screens. • FBgn0003464 FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies • FBgn0003464 FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array • CG1391-RA FlyMine - Integrated genomics database for Drosophila, Anopheles, and C.elegans • FBgn0003464 GenomeRNAi - GenomeRNAi – A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents • 44014 InterologFinder Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets. • 44014 modMine - Data generated by the modENCODE project. • FBgn0003464
Synonyms & Secondary IDs ( 11 )
Reported As
Symbol Synonym	CalpD (Friedrich et al., 2004) CG1391 (Perkins et al., 2009, Keleman et al., 2009.8.5) DmSol (Ono et al., 1998) nofE   PC79   SOL (Friedrich et al., 2004) sol (Haerty et al., 2007, Cardoso et al., 2006, Wülbeck et al., 2008, Japanese National Institute of Genetics, 2012.5.21) Sol (Miller et al., 2010) w5000
Name Synonym	small optic lobe (Friedrich et al., 2004) small optic lobes (Maleszka et al., 1998, Wülbeck et al., 2008)
Secondary FlyBase IDs
	FBgn0031175
References ( 79 )
Generate a list of	All references relating to this gene ( 79 )
List References by type	Research paper  ( 38 ) Supplementary material  ( 4 ) Review  ( 9 ) Personal communication to FlyBase  ( 8 ) Abstract  ( 9 ) FlyBase analysis  ( 2 ) Stock list  ( 1 ) DNA/RNA sequence record  ( 1 ) Website  ( 1 ) Book  ( 1 ) Curated genome annotation  ( 2 ) Letter  ( 2 ) Protein sequence record  ( 1 )
Recent research papers ( 2 )
	Krauchunas et al., 2012, Dev. Biol. 370(1): 125--134 Protein phosphorylation changes reveal new candidates in the regulation of egg activation and early embryogenesis in D. melanogaster. [FBrf0219342] Palgi et al., 2012, BMC Genomics 13: 134 Gene expression analysis of Drosophilaa Manf mutants reveals perturbations in membrane traffic and major metabolic changes. [FBrf0218515] Show all research papers ...
Recent reviews (0)
	All reviews listed in FlyBase were published before 2011 Show reviews ...