FB2021_06, released December 14, 2021
Gene: Dmel\stau
Gene: Dmel\stau
Stauffen, dStau
Double stranded RNA binding protein - required for the localization of multiple mRNA species during oogenesis and zygotic development -direct binding of Staufen to and mRNAs is a requirement for their subcellular distribution - as a posterior group protein Staufen required for the localization of mRNA to the posterior pole of the oocyte
Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\stau for information on other features
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Low-frequency RNA-Seq exon junction(s) not annotated.
Gene model reviewed during 5.50
5.3 (northern blot)
None of the polypeptides share 100% sequence identity.
1026 (aa); 150 (kD observed)
Component of neuronal ribonucleoprotein complexes (RNPs) that contains at least various translational repressor and mRNA turnover proteins such as me31B, tral, Upf1, AGO2 and sometimes Fmr1.
Contains a proline-rich domain. The insertion of this domain in the DRBM 2 domain is required for stau-oskar mRNA localization.
DRBM 3 domain binds optimally to stem-loops containing 12 bp (in vitro).
Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\stau using the Feature Mapper tool.
Comment: maternally deposited
Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium
Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium
Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium
Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium
Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium
Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium
stau is maternally expressed in the embryo and later expression is observed in a symmetric pattern along the ventral nerve cord.
stau transcript is first detected in germline cells at stage S3-S4 of oogenesis. By stage S6, stau expression is concentrated in the presumptive oocyte, but is also detected in the nurse cells. By stage S10, stau transcript is predominantly in the nurse cells, which later transfer their cytoplasm to the oocyte. Thus, stau transcript is uniformly distributed in the freshly laid egg. At cellularization, stau transcript is found in the basal regions of the blastoderm cells, and persists until after gastrulation.
Comment: postsynaptic side
stau protein localizes to the apical cortex of mitotic neuroblasts in late interphase and early prophase. It then localizes to the basal cortex in late prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. After mitosis, it segregates into the basal daughter cell.
stau protein is localized to the apical cortex and cytoplasm in late interphase neuroblasts. From metaphase through to telophase, stau protein is localized in a basal cortical crescent. At cytokinesis, it segregates into the daughter ganglion mother cell (GMC). stau protein localization is not microtubule-dependent.
stau protein localizes to the apical side of neuroblasts at interphase. During prophase it forms a crescent on the basal side of the cell and remains there through the rest of mitosis. It partitions to the GMC when the cell divides. stau protein is often associated with the centrosome on the apical side of the neuroblast during anaphase. The carboxy-terminal 157 amino acids of stau are required for its localization to the cortex in neuroblasts.
In stage 10 oocytes, vas protein, osk protein, and stau protein colocalize at the posterior pole. In early embryos, vas protein and osk protein localize to the polar granules but stau protein does not colocalize with them. It is present in a thin crescent apposed closely to the posterior cortex and disappears before the pole cell stage. A GFP-Vas fusion protein was used to determine the vas protein distribution.
GBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals
View Dmel\stau in GBrowse 2
2-84
2-88.7
Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete
Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see GBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.
For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.
monoclonal
polyclonal
Source for identity of: stau CG5753
stau has a role in long-term memory.
dsRNA made from templates generated with primers directed against this gene tested in RNAi screen for effects on Kc167 and S2R+ cell morphology.
stau is not required for the cell fate decision in the NB6-4T lineage.
Distinct domains of stau mediate microtubule and actin based MRNA transport.
pros mRNA and the RNA-binding protein stau are asymmetrically localised in mitotic neuroblasts and are specifically partitioned into the GMC, as is pros protein. stau is required for localisation of pros RNA but not of pros protein. Loss of localisation of stau or of pros RNA alters GMC development, but only in embryos with reduced levels of pros protein, suggesting that pros RNA and pros protein act redundantly to specify GMC fate. GMCs do not transcribe the pros gene, showing that inheritance of pros RNA and/or pros proteins from the neuroblast is essential for GMC specification.
Multinuclear/multidimensional NMR methods have been used to determine that the stau double stranded RNA binding domain (dsRBD) 3 forms a compact protein domain with an α-β-β-β-α structure. In vitro mutagenesis has identified F43 and T50 as two residues essential for RNA binding.
Distribution of tud protein in mutant embryos has been studied.
Deletion analysis and computer analysis identifies a 65 to 68 amino acid consensus sequence defining the minimal dsDNA binding domain.
stau is required specifically for the localization of the posterior signal in the embryo, not the synthesis of the signal. BicD,stau embryos exhibit a duplication of the posterior telson at the anterior: the posterior signal can be active at the anterior independent of stau function. stau gene function is unique among maternal genes as it is required for both the accumulation of the anterior bcd-dependent signal and the posterior nos-dependent signal.
Mutations in maternal posterior class gene stau do not interact with RpII140wimp.
The posterior group gene stau is required both for the localization of maternal determinants to the posterior pole of the egg and for bcd RNA to localize correctly to the anterior pole. The stau product is one of the first molecules to localize to the posterior pole of the oocyte, perhaps in association with osk RNA. Once localized, stau product is found in the polar granules and is required to hold other polar granule components at the posterior pole. By the time the egg is laid, stau protein is also concentrated at the anterior pole, in the same region as bcd RNA.
stau mutants exhibit deletion of the abdomen and pole plasm and anterior head defects.
Mature follicles are immunologically stained for asymmetric distribution of ecdysteroid-related antigen. During late oogenesis localisation of the antigen changes dramatically suggesting the antigen plays a role in early embryogenesis and, perhaps, in pattern formation.
In stau mutant females vas synthesis appears normal but the vas protein is not localized.
stau plays a role in polar granule formation.
Mutation in stau results in a maternal effect "grandchildless knirps-like" phenotype.
stau mutations disrupt the fourth stage of bcd RNA localization during oogenesis: localization to a spherical region that occupies a slightly dorsal position of the anterior pole.
Mutations in stau cause failure of germ cell formation and deletions in the abdominal segments in the embryo.
