• Home
• Tools
  • Tools Overview
  • Query Tools

    
    • QuickSearch
    • QueryBuilder
    • TermLink
    • CytoSearch
    • RNA-Seq Search
    • Interactions Browser
    • ImageBrowse
    • Find A Person
    • Google™ FlyBase
  • Genomic/Map Tools

    
    • BLAST
    • GBrowse
    • GBrowse 2 Beta
    • CytoSearch
    • Feature Mapper
    • Aberrations Maps
    • Chromosome Maps
    • Coordinates Converter
  • Retrieve/Convert

    
    • Batch Download
    • Coordinates Converter
    • ID Converter
  • Data Submission

    
    • Fast-Track Your Paper
    • Submit Personal Comm
    • Add A New Person
    • Update Person Info
  • People

    
    • Find A Person
    • Add A New Person
    • Update Person Info
• Files
  • Files Overview
  • Current release
  • Archived releases
  • Map Conversion
  • FTP site:
  • Releases (FTP)
  • Genomes (FTP)
• Species
  • Phylogeny
  • Sequenced Species
  • Synteny Table
  • Color Illustrations
  • Abbreviations
• Documents
  • About FlyBase
  • Reference Manual:
  • Sections
  • Contents
  • Nomenclature
  • Release Notes
• Resources
  • All Resources
  • Model Organisms
  • Stock Collections
  • Vectors & Constructs
  • Other links:
  • BDGP
  • DGRC
  • DIS by issue
  • FlyExpress
  • Interactive Fly
  • modENCODE
  • Textpresso for Fly
• News
  • News
  • FlyBase Forum
  • FlyBase Positions
  • Meetings
  • Courses
  • Fly Board
  • White papers
  • Funding
  • bionet.dros
• Help
  • Google™ FlyBase
  • Site Map
  • FAQs
  • FlyBase Guides
  • Video Tutorials
  • Report help
  • New to Flies
  • Pers. comm.
  • Author guidelines
  • Contact FlyBase
• Archives
  • Prior Release
  • Other Archives
  • Coordinate Converter

Gene Dmel\thr

General Information
Symbol	Dmel\thr	Species	D. melanogaster
Name	three rows	Annotation symbol	CG5785
Feature type	protein_coding_gene	FlyBase ID	FBgn0003701
Gene Model Status	Current	Stock availability	12 publicly available
Genomic Location
Chromosome (arm)	2R	Recombination map	2-86
Cytogenetic map	54F3-54F4	Sequence location	2R:13,748,778..13,753,468 [-]
Genomic Maps Select View:Gene Models/EvidenceExpression/RegulationMegaViewGene Disruptions, Stocks and Reagents Beta	Decorated FastA GenBankGFF Gene region Extended Gene region CDSIntronsExonsTranslationsTranscripts3' UTR5' UTR
Summary Information
Automatically generated summary See sections below for more information	The gene three rows is referred to in FlyBase by the symbol Dmel\thr (CG5785, FBgn0003701). It is a protein_coding_gene from Drosophila melanogaster. Its molecular function is unknown. There is experimental evidence for 14 unique biological process terms, many of which group under: single-organism developmental process; cellular component organization or biogenesis; system development; cell cycle; digestive tract development; cell cycle process; digestive system development; multicellular organismal development; digestive tract morphogenesis; biological regulation; organelle organization; digestive tract mesoderm development; open tracheal system development. 47 alleles are reported. The phenotypes of these alleles are annotated with: organ system; multicellular structure; non-connected developing system; portion of tissue; external compound sense organ; organ system subdivision; cell part; cleavage stage embryo; acellular anatomical structure; intracellular part; cleavage nucleus; adult segment. It has 2 annotated transcripts and 2 annotated polypeptides. Summary of modENCODE Temporal Expression Profile: Temporal profile ranges from a peak of high expression to a trough of very low expression. Peak expression observed within 00-06 hour embryonic stages. Summary of FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data: Expression at moderate levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult ovary. Comments on Affy2 ProbeSet: ProbeSet 1634727_a_at completely aligns to an exonic region of the only FlyBase-annotated transcript isoform of thr. Gene sequence location is 2R:13748778..13753468.
User Contributed Data
	Beta version, feedback welcome
Phenotypic Description from the Red Book (Lindsley & Zimm 1992)
Gene/Allele symbols may differ from current usage	thr: three rows Larval denticles sparse and arranged in few rows, all pointing posteriorly. Denticles larger than normal. Apparently no mitoses after the first post-blastoderm mitosis, resulting in embryos with fewer and larger cells than normal. TSP 4-9 h. Homozygous lethal in embryo.
Recent Updates
Description	What does this section display? This section contains items that were added to this record for each release. It currently only tracks new links between this FlyBase report and other FlyBase data classes (e.g. genes, references, stocks) or controlled vocabulary terms (e.g. GO, anatomy terms). What does this section not display? This section does not currently display links that were removed or gene model changes.
Update Feed	Click the icon below to subscribe to this FlyBase record and receive updates automatically through your feed reader.
FB2013_03
FB2013_02
All updates	Click here to see a list of all updates to this record from FB2010_08 and on.
Detailed Mapping Data
FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Evidence for location 54F3-54F4   Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{PZ}grh06850&P{lacW}olf186-Fk11505 and P{PZ}Hsf03091&P{EP}Dgp-1EP731
Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Notes References 55A1-55A1     (Prokopenko, 1999.8.5) 54F-54F     (Philp, 1993.11.24) 54F4-54F5   (determined by in situ hybridisation)   (Spradling et al., 1999) 55A1-55A1     (Liu et al., 1999) 54F4-54F5     (BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999) 54F3-54F6   (determined by in situ hybridisation)   (Philp et al., 1993) 54F-55A1   Mapping method not described.   (Glover, 1996.3.6)
Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
Location	2-86 (Tearle and Nusslein-Volhard, 1987)
Left of (cM)
Right of (cM)
Notes
Gene Model & Products
Please see the GBrowse view of Dmel\thr for information on other features To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form
Comments on Gene Model
	Gene model reviewed during 5.50
Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name FlyBase ID RefSeq ID Length (nt) Associated CDS (aa) thr-RB FBtr0086825  NM_166257   4358   1379 thr-RC FBtr0340283     4578   1379
Additional Transcript Data & Comments
Reported size (kB)	4.7, 4.4 (northern blot) (D'Andrea et al., 1993) 4.4 (unknown) (Philp et al., 1993)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name FlyBase ID Predicted MW (kDa) Length (aa) Theoretical pI RefSeq ID GenBank protein thr-PB   FBpp0086004   157.6   1379   8.72     NP_725731   AAF57778 thr-PC   FBpp0309246   157.6   1379   8.72
Additional Polypeptide Data & Comments
Reported size (kDa)	1209 (aa); 137.9 (kD predicted) (D'Andrea et al., 1993) 1172 (aa) (Philp et al., 1993)
Comments
External Data
Linkouts
Crossreferences
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank	DNA sequence Protein sequence Name AA817348   AA941048   AE013599 AAF57778   AC004640   AF175922   AF175923   AI258595   AI456874   AI532238   AW944323   AY128502 AAM75095   AY692282   BG638322   BG639634   BP549460   CL527680   CO288675   CO292425   CO323712   CO333897   CO339942   EC074704   EC081589   EC091042   EC091043   EC228359   EC246969   EV590631   EV591614   EV592834   S69585 AAB29824   U03276 AAB60210   X75374 CAA53148
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot	P42286
UniProtKB/TrEMBL
Mapped Features
Mapped Features have been reorganized, please see this article for details. Additional mapped features and mutations can be found on GBrowse or related reports. Type Symbol & Location Additional Notes References
External Data
Linkouts
Crossreferences
Expression Data
Transcript Expression
No Assay Recorded Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference embryonic stage   presumptive embryonic/larval central nervous system   (Philp et al., 1993) embryonic stage 4     (Philp et al., 1993) in situ Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference extended germ band stage   presumptive embryonic/larval central nervous system   (D'Andrea et al., 1993) presumptive embryonic/larval peripheral nervous system   (D'Andrea et al., 1993) northern blot Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference embryonic stage     (D'Andrea et al., 1993) embryonic stage 4   organism | ubiquitous   (D'Andrea et al., 1993) embryonic stage 5   organism | ubiquitous   (D'Andrea et al., 1993) embryonic stage 13   embryonic brain | restricted   (D'Andrea et al., 1993) ventral nerve cord   (D'Andrea et al., 1993) third instar larval stage     (D'Andrea et al., 1993) adult stage     (D'Andrea et al., 1993)
Additional Descriptive Data
	thr transcript is distributed in a punctate and perinuclear pattern in embryonic cells. (Philp et al., 1993, D'Andrea et al., 1993) In Northern blots, thr transcript is detected at high levels in 4 hr and younger embryos, and at lower levels throughout the rest of embryogenesis. In situ hybridization experiments show thr transcript to be evenly distributed in the embryo before cellularization. After cellularization, thr transcript continues to be expressed ubiquitously, but is at higher levels in the pole cell region. Expression declines during germ band extension. After germ band extension, thr transcript is detected in the central and peripheral nervous sys ems. After germ band retraction, a subset of cells in the ventral nerve cord and the proliferating areas of the brain express thr. RNAse protection experiments show that thr transcript is present in third instar larvae, in adults of both sexes, and in Schneider line 2 cells. (D'Andrea et al., 1993)
Marker for
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Polypeptide Expression
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
Subcellular Localization (GO Cellular Component)
CV term Evidence References
cytoplasm inferred from direct assay (assigned by UniProtKB) (Herzig et al., 2002)
Expression Deduced from Reporters
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools
Reference	See Gelbart and Emmert, 2010.10.13 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
FlyAtlas Anatomy Microarray
FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data (FlyAtlas-RNA.adult) (FlyAtlas-RNA.larva)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap Back-to-back    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High level expression bin max Very high expression bin max Summary of FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data: Expression at moderate levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult ovary. [download data (TSV)] Guide to FlyAtlas expression level colors   No expression (0 - 9.999)   Low expression (10 - 99.999)   Moderate expression (100 - 499.999)   High level expression (500 - 999.999)   Very high expression (>999.999) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    93.7 Larval Midgut    9.6 Larval Hindgut    9.4 Larval Malpighian Tubules    7.2 Larval Fat Body    18.2 Larval Salivary Gland    11.1 Larval Trachea    15.375 Larval Carcass    15.95 Adult Head    5.8 Adult Eye    3.55 Adult Brain    6.8 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    13.8 Adult Crop    7.9 Adult Midgut    9.4 Adult Hindgut    9.5 Adult Malpighian Tubules    6.5 Adult Fat Body    8.9 Adult Salivary Gland    18.8 Adult Heart    5.375 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    7.3 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    4.1 Adult Ovary    360.8 Adult Testis    69.3 Adult Male Accessory Gland    4.9 Adult Carcass    11.8 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    93.7 Larval Midgut    9.6 Larval Hindgut    9.4 Larval Malpighian Tubules    7.2 Larval Fat Body    18.2 Larval Salivary Gland    11.1 Larval Trachea    15.375 Larval Carcass    15.95 Adult Head    5.8 Adult Eye    3.55 Adult Brain    6.8 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    13.8 Adult Crop    7.9 Adult Midgut    9.4 Adult Hindgut    9.5 Adult Malpighian Tubules    6.5 Adult Fat Body    8.9 Adult Salivary Gland    18.8 Adult Heart    5.375 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    7.3 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    4.1 Adult Ovary    360.8 Adult Testis    69.3 Adult Male Accessory Gland    4.9 Adult Carcass    11.8 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High  Linear, scaled to High level expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    93.7 Larval Midgut    9.6 Larval Hindgut    9.4 Larval Malpighian Tubules    7.2 Larval Fat Body    18.2 Larval Salivary Gland    11.1 Larval Trachea    15.375 Larval Carcass    15.95 Adult Head    5.8 Adult Eye    3.55 Adult Brain    6.8 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    13.8 Adult Crop    7.9 Adult Midgut    9.4 Adult Hindgut    9.5 Adult Malpighian Tubules    6.5 Adult Fat Body    8.9 Adult Salivary Gland    18.8 Adult Heart    5.375 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    7.3 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    4.1 Adult Ovary    360.8 Adult Testis    69.3 Adult Male Accessory Gland    4.9 Adult Carcass    11.8 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Very high expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    93.7 Larval Midgut    9.6 Larval Hindgut    9.4 Larval Malpighian Tubules    7.2 Larval Fat Body    18.2 Larval Salivary Gland    11.1 Larval Trachea    15.375 Larval Carcass    15.95 Adult Head    5.8 Adult Eye    3.55 Adult Brain    6.8 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    13.8 Adult Crop    7.9 Adult Midgut    9.4 Adult Hindgut    9.5 Adult Malpighian Tubules    6.5 Adult Fat Body    8.9 Adult Salivary Gland    18.8 Adult Heart    5.375 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    7.3 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    4.1 Adult Ovary    360.8 Adult Testis    69.3 Adult Male Accessory Gland    4.9 Adult Carcass    11.8 Expression Level Scale  Very high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    93.7 Larval Midgut    9.6 Larval Hindgut    9.4 Larval Malpighian Tubules    7.2 Larval Fat Body    18.2 Larval Salivary Gland    11.1 Larval Trachea    15.375 Larval Carcass    15.95 Adult Head    5.8 Adult Eye    3.55 Adult Brain    6.8 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    13.8 Adult Crop    7.9 Adult Midgut    9.4 Adult Hindgut    9.5 Adult Malpighian Tubules    6.5 Adult Fat Body    8.9 Adult Salivary Gland    18.8 Adult Heart    5.375 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    7.3 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    4.1 Adult Ovary    360.8 Adult Testis    69.3 Adult Male Accessory Gland    4.9 Adult Carcass    11.8 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High  log, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    93.7 Larval Midgut    9.6 Larval Hindgut    9.4 Larval Malpighian Tubules    7.2 Larval Fat Body    18.2 Larval Salivary Gland    11.1 Larval Trachea    15.375 Larval Carcass    15.95 Adult Head    5.8 Adult Eye    3.55 Adult Brain    6.8 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    13.8 Adult Crop    7.9 Adult Midgut    9.4 Adult Hindgut    9.5 Adult Malpighian Tubules    6.5 Adult Fat Body    8.9 Adult Salivary Gland    18.8 Adult Heart    5.375 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    7.3 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    4.1 Adult Ovary    360.8 Adult Testis    69.3 Adult Male Accessory Gland    4.9 Adult Carcass    11.8 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High  log, scaled to High level expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    93.7 Larval Midgut    9.6 Larval Hindgut    9.4 Larval Malpighian Tubules    7.2 Larval Fat Body    18.2 Larval Salivary Gland    11.1 Larval Trachea    15.375 Larval Carcass    15.95 Adult Head    5.8 Adult Eye    3.55 Adult Brain    6.8 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    13.8 Adult Crop    7.9 Adult Midgut    9.4 Adult Hindgut    9.5 Adult Malpighian Tubules    6.5 Adult Fat Body    8.9 Adult Salivary Gland    18.8 Adult Heart    5.375 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    7.3 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    4.1 Adult Ovary    360.8 Adult Testis    69.3 Adult Male Accessory Gland    4.9 Adult Carcass    11.8 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  log, scaled to Very high expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    93.7 Larval Midgut    9.6 Larval Hindgut    9.4 Larval Malpighian Tubules    7.2 Larval Fat Body    18.2 Larval Salivary Gland    11.1 Larval Trachea    15.375 Larval Carcass    15.95 Adult Head    5.8 Adult Eye    3.55 Adult Brain    6.8 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    13.8 Adult Crop    7.9 Adult Midgut    9.4 Adult Hindgut    9.5 Adult Malpighian Tubules    6.5 Adult Fat Body    8.9 Adult Salivary Gland    18.8 Adult Heart    5.375 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    7.3 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    4.1 Adult Ovary    360.8 Adult Testis    69.3 Adult Male Accessory Gland    4.9 Adult Carcass    11.8 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  Heatmap Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System     Larval Midgut     Larval Hindgut     Larval Malpighian Tubules     Larval Fat Body     Larval Salivary Gland     Larval Trachea     Larval Carcass     Adult Head     Adult Eye     Adult Brain     Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion     Adult Crop     Adult Midgut     Adult Hindgut     Adult Malpighian Tubules     Adult Fat Body     Adult Salivary Gland     Adult Heart     Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca     Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca     Adult Ovary     Adult Testis     Adult Male Accessory Gland     Adult Carcass     FlyAtlas Organ/Tissue Expression, larval vs. adult Larval Expression Level Tissue Adult Expression Level   NA  Head    5.8   NA  Eye    3.55   NA  Brain    6.8   93.7  Central Nervous System    NA   NA  Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    no informative data   NA  Crop    7.9   9.6  Midgut    9.4   9.4  Hindgut    9.5   7.2  Malpighian Tubules    6.5   no informative data  Fat Body    8.9   no informative data  Salivary Gland    no informative data   NA  Heart    5.375   no informative data  Trachea    NA   NA  VirginFemale Spermatheca    7.3   NA  InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    4.1   NA  Ovary    360.8   NA  Testis    69.3   NA  Male Accessory Gland    4.9   no informative data  Carcass    no informative data FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data (Chintapalli et al., 2007)
modENCODE Anatomy RNA-Seq
modENCODE Tissue Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_tissues)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    9 central nervous system, larvae L3    6 central nervous system, pupae P8    1 head, virgin 1-day female    0 head, virgin 4-day female    0 head, virgin 20-day female    0 head, mated 1-day female    1 head, mated 4-day female    0 head, mated 20-day female    0 head, mated 1-day male    0 head, mated 4-day male    0 head, mated 20-day male    1 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    0 salivary gland, white prepupae    1 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    1 digestive system, 1-day adult    0 digestive system, 4-day adult    1 digestive system, 20-day adult    1 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    0 fat body, white prepupae    2 fat body, pupae P8    1 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    3 carcass, 1-day adult    1 carcass, 4-day adult    2 carcass, 20-day adult    1 ovary, virgin 4-day female    58 ovary, mated 4-day female    42 testis, mated 4-day male    4 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    1 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    9 central nervous system, larvae L3    6 central nervous system, pupae P8    1 head, virgin 1-day female    0 head, virgin 4-day female    0 head, virgin 20-day female    0 head, mated 1-day female    1 head, mated 4-day female    0 head, mated 20-day female    0 head, mated 1-day male    0 head, mated 4-day male    0 head, mated 20-day male    1 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    0 salivary gland, white prepupae    1 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    1 digestive system, 1-day adult    0 digestive system, 4-day adult    1 digestive system, 20-day adult    1 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    0 fat body, white prepupae    2 fat body, pupae P8    1 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    3 carcass, 1-day adult    1 carcass, 4-day adult    2 carcass, 20-day adult    1 ovary, virgin 4-day female  (58) ovary, mated 4-day female  (42) testis, mated 4-day male    4 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    1 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    9 central nervous system, larvae L3    6 central nervous system, pupae P8    1 head, virgin 1-day female    0 head, virgin 4-day female    0 head, virgin 20-day female    0 head, mated 1-day female    1 head, mated 4-day female    0 head, mated 20-day female    0 head, mated 1-day male    0 head, mated 4-day male    0 head, mated 20-day male    1 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    0 salivary gland, white prepupae    1 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    1 digestive system, 1-day adult    0 digestive system, 4-day adult    1 digestive system, 20-day adult    1 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    0 fat body, white prepupae    2 fat body, pupae P8    1 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    3 carcass, 1-day adult    1 carcass, 4-day adult    2 carcass, 20-day adult    1 ovary, virgin 4-day female    58 ovary, mated 4-day female    42 testis, mated 4-day male    4 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    1 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    9 central nervous system, larvae L3    6 central nervous system, pupae P8    1 head, virgin 1-day female    0 head, virgin 4-day female    0 head, virgin 20-day female    0 head, mated 1-day female    1 head, mated 4-day female    0 head, mated 20-day female    0 head, mated 1-day male    0 head, mated 4-day male    0 head, mated 20-day male    1 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    0 salivary gland, white prepupae    1 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    1 digestive system, 1-day adult    0 digestive system, 4-day adult    1 digestive system, 20-day adult    1 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    0 fat body, white prepupae    2 fat body, pupae P8    1 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    3 carcass, 1-day adult    1 carcass, 4-day adult    2 carcass, 20-day adult    1 ovary, virgin 4-day female    58 ovary, mated 4-day female    42 testis, mated 4-day male    4 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    1 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    9 central nervous system, larvae L3    6 central nervous system, pupae P8    1 head, virgin 1-day female    0 head, virgin 4-day female    0 head, virgin 20-day female    0 head, mated 1-day female    1 head, mated 4-day female    0 head, mated 20-day female    0 head, mated 1-day male    0 head, mated 4-day male    0 head, mated 20-day male    1 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    0 salivary gland, white prepupae    1 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    1 digestive system, 1-day adult    0 digestive system, 4-day adult    1 digestive system, 20-day adult    1 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    0 fat body, white prepupae    2 fat body, pupae P8    1 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    3 carcass, 1-day adult    1 carcass, 4-day adult    2 carcass, 20-day adult    1 ovary, virgin 4-day female    58 ovary, mated 4-day female    42 testis, mated 4-day male    4 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    1 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High  log, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    9 central nervous system, larvae L3    6 central nervous system, pupae P8    1 head, virgin 1-day female    0 head, virgin 4-day female    0 head, virgin 20-day female    0 head, mated 1-day female    1 head, mated 4-day female    0 head, mated 20-day female    0 head, mated 1-day male    0 head, mated 4-day male    0 head, mated 20-day male    1 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    0 salivary gland, white prepupae    1 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    1 digestive system, 1-day adult    0 digestive system, 4-day adult    1 digestive system, 20-day adult    1 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    0 fat body, white prepupae    2 fat body, pupae P8    1 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    3 carcass, 1-day adult    1 carcass, 4-day adult    2 carcass, 20-day adult    1 ovary, virgin 4-day female  (58) ovary, mated 4-day female  (42) testis, mated 4-day male    4 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    1 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    9 central nervous system, larvae L3    6 central nervous system, pupae P8    1 head, virgin 1-day female    0 head, virgin 4-day female    0 head, virgin 20-day female    0 head, mated 1-day female    1 head, mated 4-day female    0 head, mated 20-day female    0 head, mated 1-day male    0 head, mated 4-day male    0 head, mated 20-day male    1 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    0 salivary gland, white prepupae    1 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    1 digestive system, 1-day adult    0 digestive system, 4-day adult    1 digestive system, 20-day adult    1 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    0 fat body, white prepupae    2 fat body, pupae P8    1 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    3 carcass, 1-day adult    1 carcass, 4-day adult    2 carcass, 20-day adult    1 ovary, virgin 4-day female    58 ovary, mated 4-day female    42 testis, mated 4-day male    4 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    1 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    9 central nervous system, larvae L3    6 central nervous system, pupae P8    1 head, virgin 1-day female    0 head, virgin 4-day female    0 head, virgin 20-day female    0 head, mated 1-day female    1 head, mated 4-day female    0 head, mated 20-day female    0 head, mated 1-day male    0 head, mated 4-day male    0 head, mated 20-day male    1 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    0 salivary gland, white prepupae    1 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    1 digestive system, 1-day adult    0 digestive system, 4-day adult    1 digestive system, 20-day adult    1 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    0 fat body, white prepupae    2 fat body, pupae P8    1 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    3 carcass, 1-day adult    1 carcass, 4-day adult    2 carcass, 20-day adult    1 ovary, virgin 4-day female    58 ovary, mated 4-day female    42 testis, mated 4-day male    4 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    1 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering     central nervous system, larvae L3     central nervous system, pupae P8     head, virgin 1-day female     head, virgin 4-day female     head, virgin 20-day female     head, mated 1-day female     head, mated 4-day female     head, mated 20-day female     head, mated 1-day male     head, mated 4-day male     head, mated 20-day male     salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering     salivary gland, white prepupae     digestive system, larvae L3 wandering     digestive system, 1-day adult     digestive system, 4-day adult     digestive system, 20-day adult     fat body, larvae L3 wandering     fat body, white prepupae     fat body, pupae P8     carcass, larvae L3 wandering     carcass, 1-day adult     carcass, 4-day adult     carcass, 20-day adult     ovary, virgin 4-day female     ovary, mated 4-day female     testis, mated 4-day male     accessory gland, mated 4-day male
modENCODE Development RNA-Seq
modENCODE Temporal Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_U)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max Summary of modENCODE Temporal Expression Profile: Temporal profile ranges from a peak of high expression to a trough of very low expression. Peak expression observed within 00-06 hour embryonic stages. [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    53 embryo 02-04hr    56 embryo 04-06hr    46 embryo 06-08hr    35 embryo 08-10hr    29 embryo 10-12hr    11 embryo 12-14hr    16 embryo 14-16hr    13 embryo 16-18hr    12 embryo 18-20hr    5 embryo 20-22hr    29 embryo 22-24hr    24 larva L1    0 larva L2    1 larva L3 12hr old    1 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    2 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    4 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    4 white prepupae new    4 white prepupae 12hr    5 white prepupae 24hr    5 pupae 2d postWPP    3 pupae 3d postWPP    1 pupae 4d postWPP    1 adult male 01day    2 adult male 05day    3 adult male 30day    2 adult female 01day    7 adult female 05day    26 adult female 30day    26 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr  (53) embryo 02-04hr  (56) embryo 04-06hr  (46) embryo 06-08hr  (35) embryo 08-10hr  (29) embryo 10-12hr    11 embryo 12-14hr    16 embryo 14-16hr    13 embryo 16-18hr    12 embryo 18-20hr    5 embryo 20-22hr  (29) embryo 22-24hr    24 larva L1    0 larva L2    1 larva L3 12hr old    1 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    2 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    4 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    4 white prepupae new    4 white prepupae 12hr    5 white prepupae 24hr    5 pupae 2d postWPP    3 pupae 3d postWPP    1 pupae 4d postWPP    1 adult male 01day    2 adult male 05day    3 adult male 30day    2 adult female 01day    7 adult female 05day  26 adult female 30day  26 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    53 embryo 02-04hr    56 embryo 04-06hr    46 embryo 06-08hr    35 embryo 08-10hr    29 embryo 10-12hr    11 embryo 12-14hr    16 embryo 14-16hr    13 embryo 16-18hr    12 embryo 18-20hr    5 embryo 20-22hr    29 embryo 22-24hr    24 larva L1    0 larva L2    1 larva L3 12hr old    1 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    2 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    4 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    4 white prepupae new    4 white prepupae 12hr    5 white prepupae 24hr    5 pupae 2d postWPP    3 pupae 3d postWPP    1 pupae 4d postWPP    1 adult male 01day    2 adult male 05day    3 adult male 30day    2 adult female 01day    7 adult female 05day    26 adult female 30day    26 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    53 embryo 02-04hr    56 embryo 04-06hr    46 embryo 06-08hr    35 embryo 08-10hr    29 embryo 10-12hr    11 embryo 12-14hr    16 embryo 14-16hr    13 embryo 16-18hr    12 embryo 18-20hr    5 embryo 20-22hr    29 embryo 22-24hr    24 larva L1    0 larva L2    1 larva L3 12hr old    1 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    2 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    4 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    4 white prepupae new    4 white prepupae 12hr    5 white prepupae 24hr    5 pupae 2d postWPP    3 pupae 3d postWPP    1 pupae 4d postWPP    1 adult male 01day    2 adult male 05day    3 adult male 30day    2 adult female 01day    7 adult female 05day    26 adult female 30day    26 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    53 embryo 02-04hr    56 embryo 04-06hr    46 embryo 06-08hr    35 embryo 08-10hr    29 embryo 10-12hr    11 embryo 12-14hr    16 embryo 14-16hr    13 embryo 16-18hr    12 embryo 18-20hr    5 embryo 20-22hr    29 embryo 22-24hr    24 larva L1    0 larva L2    1 larva L3 12hr old    1 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    2 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    4 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    4 white prepupae new    4 white prepupae 12hr    5 white prepupae 24hr    5 pupae 2d postWPP    3 pupae 3d postWPP    1 pupae 4d postWPP    1 adult male 01day    2 adult male 05day    3 adult male 30day    2 adult female 01day    7 adult female 05day    26 adult female 30day    26 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High  log, scaled to Moderate expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr  (53) embryo 02-04hr  (56) embryo 04-06hr  (46) embryo 06-08hr  (35) embryo 08-10hr  29 embryo 10-12hr    11 embryo 12-14hr    16 embryo 14-16hr    13 embryo 16-18hr    12 embryo 18-20hr    5 embryo 20-22hr  29 embryo 22-24hr    24 larva L1    0 larva L2    1 larva L3 12hr old    1 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    2 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    4 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    4 white prepupae new    4 white prepupae 12hr    5 white prepupae 24hr    5 pupae 2d postWPP    3 pupae 3d postWPP    1 pupae 4d postWPP    1 adult male 01day    2 adult male 05day    3 adult male 30day    2 adult female 01day    7 adult female 05day  26 adult female 30day  26 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    53 embryo 02-04hr    56 embryo 04-06hr    46 embryo 06-08hr    35 embryo 08-10hr    29 embryo 10-12hr    11 embryo 12-14hr    16 embryo 14-16hr    13 embryo 16-18hr    12 embryo 18-20hr    5 embryo 20-22hr    29 embryo 22-24hr    24 larva L1    0 larva L2    1 larva L3 12hr old    1 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    2 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    4 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    4 white prepupae new    4 white prepupae 12hr    5 white prepupae 24hr    5 pupae 2d postWPP    3 pupae 3d postWPP    1 pupae 4d postWPP    1 adult male 01day    2 adult male 05day    3 adult male 30day    2 adult female 01day    7 adult female 05day    26 adult female 30day    26 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    53 embryo 02-04hr    56 embryo 04-06hr    46 embryo 06-08hr    35 embryo 08-10hr    29 embryo 10-12hr    11 embryo 12-14hr    16 embryo 14-16hr    13 embryo 16-18hr    12 embryo 18-20hr    5 embryo 20-22hr    29 embryo 22-24hr    24 larva L1    0 larva L2    1 larva L3 12hr old    1 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    2 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    4 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    4 white prepupae new    4 white prepupae 12hr    5 white prepupae 24hr    5 pupae 2d postWPP    3 pupae 3d postWPP    1 pupae 4d postWPP    1 adult male 01day    2 adult male 05day    3 adult male 30day    2 adult female 01day    7 adult female 05day    26 adult female 30day    26 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr     embryo 02-04hr     embryo 04-06hr     embryo 06-08hr     embryo 08-10hr     embryo 10-12hr     embryo 12-14hr     embryo 14-16hr     embryo 16-18hr     embryo 18-20hr     embryo 20-22hr     embryo 22-24hr     larva L1     larva L2     larva L3 12hr old     larva L3 puffstage 1-2     larva L3 puffstage 3-6     larva L3 puffstage 7-9     white prepupae new     white prepupae 12hr     white prepupae 24hr     pupae 2d postWPP     pupae 3d postWPP     pupae 4d postWPP     adult male 01day     adult male 05day     adult male 30day     adult female 01day     adult female 05day     adult female 30day     modENCODE Temporal Expression Data (Graveley et al., 2011)
modENCODE Cell Lines RNA-Seq
modENCODE Cell Line Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_cell.A) (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_cell.B)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    10 Schneider line 2 Sg4    5 embryonic 1182-4H    11 embryonic GM2    6 embryonic Kc167    12 embryonic S1    6 embryonic S3    9 leg disc CME L1    6 wing disc CME-W2    9 wing disc ML-DmD8    7 wing disc ML-DmD9    7 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    9 wing disc ML-DmD21    3 wing disc ML-DmD32    5 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    16 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    7 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    7 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    5 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    14 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    6 tumorous blood cells mbn2    6 ovary fGS/OSS    12 ovary OSC    14 ovary OSS    5 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    10 Schneider line 2 Sg4    5 embryonic 1182-4H    11 embryonic GM2    6 embryonic Kc167    12 embryonic S1    6 embryonic S3    9 leg disc CME L1    6 wing disc CME-W2    9 wing disc ML-DmD8    7 wing disc ML-DmD9    7 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    9 wing disc ML-DmD21    3 wing disc ML-DmD32    5 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    16 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    7 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    7 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    5 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    14 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    6 tumorous blood cells mbn2    6 ovary fGS/OSS    12 ovary OSC    14 ovary OSS    5 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    10 Schneider line 2 Sg4    5 embryonic 1182-4H    11 embryonic GM2    6 embryonic Kc167    12 embryonic S1    6 embryonic S3    9 leg disc CME L1    6 wing disc CME-W2    9 wing disc ML-DmD8    7 wing disc ML-DmD9    7 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    9 wing disc ML-DmD21    3 wing disc ML-DmD32    5 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    16 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    7 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    7 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    5 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    14 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    6 tumorous blood cells mbn2    6 ovary fGS/OSS    12 ovary OSC    14 ovary OSS    5 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    10 Schneider line 2 Sg4    5 embryonic 1182-4H    11 embryonic GM2    6 embryonic Kc167    12 embryonic S1    6 embryonic S3    9 leg disc CME L1    6 wing disc CME-W2    9 wing disc ML-DmD8    7 wing disc ML-DmD9    7 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    9 wing disc ML-DmD21    3 wing disc ML-DmD32    5 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    16 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    7 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    7 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    5 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    14 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    6 tumorous blood cells mbn2    6 ovary fGS/OSS    12 ovary OSC    14 ovary OSS    5 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    10 Schneider line 2 Sg4    5 embryonic 1182-4H    11 embryonic GM2    6 embryonic Kc167    12 embryonic S1    6 embryonic S3    9 leg disc CME L1    6 wing disc CME-W2    9 wing disc ML-DmD8    7 wing disc ML-DmD9    7 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    9 wing disc ML-DmD21    3 wing disc ML-DmD32    5 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    16 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    7 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    7 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    5 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    14 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    6 tumorous blood cells mbn2    6 ovary fGS/OSS    12 ovary OSC    14 ovary OSS    5 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate  log, scaled to Moderate expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    10 Schneider line 2 Sg4    5 embryonic 1182-4H    11 embryonic GM2    6 embryonic Kc167    12 embryonic S1    6 embryonic S3    9 leg disc CME L1    6 wing disc CME-W2    9 wing disc ML-DmD8    7 wing disc ML-DmD9    7 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    9 wing disc ML-DmD21    3 wing disc ML-DmD32    5 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    16 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    7 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    7 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    5 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    14 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    6 tumorous blood cells mbn2    6 ovary fGS/OSS    12 ovary OSC    14 ovary OSS    5 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    10 Schneider line 2 Sg4    5 embryonic 1182-4H    11 embryonic GM2    6 embryonic Kc167    12 embryonic S1    6 embryonic S3    9 leg disc CME L1    6 wing disc CME-W2    9 wing disc ML-DmD8    7 wing disc ML-DmD9    7 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    9 wing disc ML-DmD21    3 wing disc ML-DmD32    5 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    16 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    7 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    7 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    5 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    14 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    6 tumorous blood cells mbn2    6 ovary fGS/OSS    12 ovary OSC    14 ovary OSS    5 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    10 Schneider line 2 Sg4    5 embryonic 1182-4H    11 embryonic GM2    6 embryonic Kc167    12 embryonic S1    6 embryonic S3    9 leg disc CME L1    6 wing disc CME-W2    9 wing disc ML-DmD8    7 wing disc ML-DmD9    7 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    9 wing disc ML-DmD21    3 wing disc ML-DmD32    5 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    16 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    7 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    7 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    5 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    14 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    6 tumorous blood cells mbn2    6 ovary fGS/OSS    12 ovary OSC    14 ovary OSS    5 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+     Schneider line 2 Sg4     embryonic 1182-4H     embryonic GM2     embryonic Kc167     embryonic S1     embryonic S3     leg disc CME L1     wing disc CME-W2     wing disc ML-DmD8     wing disc ML-DmD9     wing disc ML-DmD16-c3     wing disc ML-DmD21     wing disc ML-DmD32     haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3     eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11     antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5     mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1     CNS ML-DmBG1-c1     CNS ML-DmBG2-c2     tumorous blood cells mbn2     ovary fGS/OSS     ovary OSC     ovary OSS
modENCODE Treatments RNA-Seq
modENCODE Treatment Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_treatments)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    5 cold shock, 4-day adult    4 heat shock, 4-day adult    10 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    1 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    2 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    11 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    31 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    18 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    2 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    7 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    28 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    1 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    1 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    2 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    29 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    7 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    20 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    14 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    2 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    5 cold shock, 4-day adult    4 heat shock, 4-day adult    10 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    1 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    2 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    11 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (31) Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    18 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    2 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    7 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3  (28) Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    1 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    1 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    2 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (29) Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    7 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    20 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    14 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    2 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    5 cold shock, 4-day adult    4 heat shock, 4-day adult    10 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    1 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    2 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    11 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    31 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    18 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    2 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    7 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    28 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    1 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    1 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    2 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    29 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    7 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    20 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    14 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    2 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    5 cold shock, 4-day adult    4 heat shock, 4-day adult    10 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    1 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    2 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    11 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    31 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    18 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    2 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    7 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    28 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    1 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    1 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    2 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    29 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    7 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    20 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    14 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    2 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    5 cold shock, 4-day adult    4 heat shock, 4-day adult    10 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    1 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    2 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    11 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    31 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    18 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    2 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    7 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    28 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    1 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    1 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    2 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    29 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    7 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    20 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    14 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    2 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to Moderate expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    5 cold shock, 4-day adult    4 heat shock, 4-day adult    10 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    1 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    2 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    11 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  31 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    18 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    2 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    7 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3  28 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    1 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    1 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    2 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult  29 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    7 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    20 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    14 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    2 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    5 cold shock, 4-day adult    4 heat shock, 4-day adult    10 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    1 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    2 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    11 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    31 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    18 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    2 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    7 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    28 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    1 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    1 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    2 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    29 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    7 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    20 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    14 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    2 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    5 cold shock, 4-day adult    4 heat shock, 4-day adult    10 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    1 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    2 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    11 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    31 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    18 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    2 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    7 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    28 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    1 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    1 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    2 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    29 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    7 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    20 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    14 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    2 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult     cold shock, 4-day adult     heat shock, 4-day adult     Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3     Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3     Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3     Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3     Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3     Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3     Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3     Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3     Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3     Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3
Expression Clusters
	A cluster of genes with similar mRNA expression dynamics across development. (The modENCODE Consortium, 2010, Graveley et al., 2011) mE2_34_mRNA_expression_cluster_17 mE1_20_mRNA_expression_cluster_06
External Data & Images
Linkouts	FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies • FBgn0003701 FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array • CG5785-RA
Alleles & Phenotypes
Summary of Allele Phenotypes
Lethality Allele lethal thrg.1-930.T:Hsap\MYC lethal (with thr1) thrIR14 lethal (with thrIR14) thr1 lethal | embryonic stage | maternal effect | cold sensitive thrRD.T:Hsap\MYC thrΔVQ.T:Hsap\MYC lethal | embryonic stage | recessive thr1 thr3 thr313 thr321 thr454 thrBH9.6 thrBH9.8 thrk01302 thrk07336 thrk07805b thrSJB22 thrunspecified lethal | recessive thrk07805b partially lethal - majority die | pupal stage, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237 thrGD5749 Other Phenotypes Allele cytokinesis defective thr1 mitotic cell cycle defective thr1 thr2 mitotic cell cycle defective | embryonic stage | heat sensitive thr3 mitotic cell cycle defective | recessive thr1 visible thrΔC.GMR.T:Hsap\MYC visible, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237 thrGD5749 wild-type thr+t9 thr+t11 thr+t15 Phenotype manifest in Allele aster | maternal effect thrΔVQ.T:Hsap\MYC centrosome | maternal effect thrΔVQ.T:Hsap\MYC cleavage nucleus thr1 cycle 15 embryo & anaphase & condensed nuclear chromosome thr1 denticle belt thrunspecified embryonic/larval esophagus | embryonic stage thrunspecified embryonic/larval foregut | embryonic stage thrk01302 thrk07336 embryonic/larval hindgut | embryonic stage thrk01302 thrk07336 embryonic/larval trachea thrk01302 thrk07336 embryonic epidermis thrk01302 thrk07336 embryonic head thrk01302 thrk07336 eye thrΔC.GMR.T:Hsap\MYC gonad | embryonic stage (with thr15.54) thr34.52 gonad | embryonic stage (with thr34.52) thr15.54 gonadal sheath proper primordium | embryonic stage (with thr15.54) thr34.52 gonadal sheath proper primordium | embryonic stage (with thr34.52) thr15.54 Malpighian tubule thr1 thrk01302 thrk07336 mesothoracic tergum, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237 thrGD5749 metaphase plate thr1 midgut constriction thrk01302 thrk07336 mitosis | embryonic stage thrdsRNA.cJa mitotic cell cycle | embryonic stage thrunspecified ommatidium thrΔC.GMR.T:Hsap\MYC presumptive embryonic/larval peripheral nervous system thrk07805b stage 5 embryo | maternal effect thrΔVQ.T:Hsap\MYC thrRD.T:Hsap\MYC syncytial blastoderm embryo | maternal effect thrΔVQ.T:Hsap\MYC thrRD.T:Hsap\MYC visceral mesoderm | embryonic stage (with thr15.54) thr34.52 visceral mesoderm | embryonic stage (with thr34.52) thr15.54
Classical Alleles ( 30 )
For All Classical Alleles Show
Allele of thr Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion thr1 loss of function allele, amorphic allele - genetic evidence ethyl methanesulfonate 2 -- thrEY02636 P-element activity 2 -- thrk07805b P-element activity 2 Yes thr313 ethyl methanesulfonate 1 -- thr3 ethyl methanesulfonate 1 -- thr2 amorphic allele - genetic evidence ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- thr9.8 amorphic allele - genetic evidence 0 -- thr13C4 0 -- thr15.54 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- thr321 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- thr34.52 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- thr3E22 0 -- thr454 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- thr4 PM hybrid dysgenesis 0 Yes thr5 0 -- thr5E16 0 -- thr6 0 -- thr7 0 -- thr8 0 -- thrBH9.6 loss of function allele PM hybrid dysgenesis 0 Yes thrBH9.8 loss of function allele PM hybrid dysgenesis 0 Yes thrBH9 0 -- thrdsRNA.cJa 0 Yes thrIL62 0 -- thrIR14 0 -- thrk01302 0 Yes thrk07336 0 Yes thrP9.8 0 -- thrSJB22 loss of function allele ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- thrunspecified 0 --
Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs ( 17 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Allele of thr Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion thrGD17216 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 2 Yes thrGD5749 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 2 Yes thr+t11 in vitro construct - genomic fragment 0 Yes thr+t15 in vitro construct - genomic fragment 0 Yes thr+t9 in vitro construct - genomic fragment 0 Yes thrg.1-1204.T:Hsap\MYC in vitro construct - coding region fusion 0 Yes thrg.1-478.T:Hsap\MYC in vitro construct - deletion 0 Yes thrg.1-930.T:Hsap\MYC in vitro construct - deletion 0 Yes thrg.445-1379.T:Hsap\MYC in vitro construct - deletion 0 Yes thrg.932-1379.T:Hsap\MYC in vitro construct - deletion 0 Yes thrg.T:Hsap\MYC in vitro construct - coding region fusion 0 Yes thrNIG.5785R in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes thrRD.T:Hsap\MYC in vitro construct - amino acid replacement 0 Yes thrScer\UAS.g.1-930.T:Hsap\MYC in vitro construct - deletion in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes thrScer\UAS.g.T:Hsap\MYC in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes thrΔC.GMR.T:Hsap\MYC in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - coding region fusion 0 Yes thrΔVQ.T:Hsap\MYC in vitro construct - deletion 0 Yes
Aneuploid Aberrations
Disrupted in	Df(2R)14H10W-34 (Mohr and Gelbart, 2002) Df(2R)14H10W-35 (Mohr and Gelbart, 2002) Df(2R)BSC338 (Christensen et al., 2007.10.29) Df(2R)PC4 (Jurgens, 1985, Tearle and Nusslein-Volhard, 1987, BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999, Lonie et al., 1994, Harbecke and Lengyel, 1995, Tearle, 1996.5.14) Df(2R)Pcl7B (Spradling et al., 1999, Philp et al., 1993, BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999, Tearle, 1996.5.14) Df(2R)Pcl11B (D'Andrea et al., 1993, Philp et al., 1993, Tearle, 1996.5.14) Df(2R)PclXM82 (D'Andrea et al., 1993, Tearle, 1996.5.14)
Not disrupted in	Df(2L)cl-h3 (Liu et al., 1999) Df(2L)sc19-8 (Liu et al., 1999) Df(2L)tkv2 (Liu et al., 1999) Df(2R)02B10W-06 (Mohr and Gelbart, 2002) Df(2R)02B10W-07 (Mohr and Gelbart, 2002) Df(2R)02B10W-08 (Mohr and Gelbart, 2002) Df(2R)14H10W-23 (Mohr and Gelbart, 2002) Df(2R)14H10W-24 (Mohr and Gelbart, 2002) Df(2R)14H10W-25 (Mohr and Gelbart, 2002) Df(2R)14H10W-26 (Mohr and Gelbart, 2002) Df(2R)14H10W-27 (Mohr and Gelbart, 2002) Df(2R)14H10W-28 (Mohr and Gelbart, 2002) Df(2R)14H10W-29 (Mohr and Gelbart, 2002) Df(2R)14H10W-30 (Mohr and Gelbart, 2002) Df(2R)14H10W-31 (Mohr and Gelbart, 2002) Df(2R)14H10W-33 (Mohr and Gelbart, 2002) Df(2R)Pcl-W5 (D'Andrea et al., 1993, Philp et al., 1993) Df(2R)X1 (Liu et al., 1999, BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999) In(2R)Pcl11 (Doane, 1999)
Transgenic Constructs & Insertions
Transgenic Constructs
	Type of construct Name Expression data UAS construct P{GD5749} NA P{GD17216} NA P{NIG.5785R} NA P{UAS-gthr.myc} NA P{UAS-thr.1-930.T:Hsap\MYC} NA characterization construct P{GMR-thr.ΔC} NA P{gthr-myc.1-1204} NA P{gthr-myc.RD} NA P{gthr-myc.ΔVQ} NA P{gthr-myc} NA P{N15} NA P{RX2} NA P{thr.1-478.T:Hsap\MYC} NA P{thr.1-930.T:Hsap\MYC} NA P{thr.445-1379.T:Hsap\MYC} NA P{thr.932-1379.T:Hsap\MYC} NA P{thr+11} NA
Insertions
	Type of insertions Name Expression data insertion of mobile activating element P{EPgy2}thrEY02636 NA insertion of enhancer trap P{lacW}l(2)SH1985SH1985 No P{lacW}thrk07805b No miscellaneous insertions P{}thr4 NA P{}thrBH9.6 NA P{}thrBH9.8 NA
Gene Ontology: Function, Process & Cellular Component ( 16 unique terms )
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence ( 15 terms )
Molecular Function ( 0 terms)
Biological Process
CV term Evidence References
centrosome duplication inferred from mutant phenotype (Pandey et al., 2005) cytokinesis inferred from mutant phenotype (Pandey et al., 2005) digestive tract mesoderm development inferred from mutant phenotype (Weyers et al., 2011) foregut morphogenesis inferred from mutant phenotype (Liu et al., 1999) gonad development inferred from mutant phenotype (Weyers et al., 2011) head involution inferred from mutant phenotype (Liu et al., 1999) hindgut morphogenesis inferred from mutant phenotype (Liu et al., 1999) Malpighian tubule morphogenesis inferred from mutant phenotype (Liu et al., 1999, Jack and Myette, 1999) mitotic sister chromatid separation inferred from mutant phenotype (Pandey et al., 2005) mitotic spindle organization inferred from mutant phenotype (Goshima et al., 2007) morphogenesis of an epithelium inferred from mutant phenotype (Liu et al., 1999) open tracheal system development inferred from mutant phenotype (Liu et al., 1999) peripheral nervous system development inferred from mutant phenotype (Prokopenko et al., 2000) positive regulation of NFAT protein import into nucleus inferred from mutant phenotype (Gwack et al., 2007)
Cellular Component
CV term Evidence References
cytoplasm inferred from direct assay (assigned by UniProtKB) (Herzig et al., 2002)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions ( 1 term )
Molecular Function ( 0 terms)
Biological Process
CV term Evidence References
mitotic sister chromatid segregation non-traceable author statement (Swiss-Prot Project Members, 1995.6.1) traceable author statement (Leismann et al., 2000, Prokopenko et al., 2000, Lee and Orr-Weaver, 2003)
Cellular Component ( 0 terms)
Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene
	nuclear_gene   protein_coding_gene
Interactions & Pathways
Summary of Physical Interactions
Summary of Genetic Interactions
Interacts with	Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions thr allele Gene References thrΔVQ.T:Hsap\MYC Sse (Herzig et al., 2002) unspecified Cenp-C (Heeger et al., 2005) CycB (Ji et al., 2005)
External Data
Linkouts	BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions • 62727 DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions. • FBgn0003701 InterologFinder Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets. • 37042
Orthologs
OrthoDB Orthologs (12) - based on analysis using Dmel annotation version 5.41
OrthoDB Ortholog Groups
	OrthoDB orthology group searches (Waterhouse et al., 2011, Nucleic Acids Res. 39(Database issue): D283--D288) Drosophila inclusive ortholog search EOG65TD6H Dipteran inclusive ortholog search No orthologs identified Insect inclusive ortholog search No orthologs identified Arthropod inclusive ortholog search No orthologs identified Metazoa inclusive ortholog search No orthologs identified
Orthologs in Drosophila Species (EOG65TD6H)
Organism Common Name Gene AAA Syntenic Ortholog Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly  Dmel\thr     Drosophila simulans   Dsim\GD25435 Y   Drosophila sechellia   Dsec\GM19944 Y   Drosophila erecta   Dere\GG21013 Y   Drosophila yakuba   Dyak\GE13956 Y   Drosophila ananassae   Dana\GF13218 Y   Drosophila pseudoobscura pseudoobscura   Dpse\thr Y   Drosophila persimilis   Dper\GL17267     Drosophila willistoni   Dwil\GK22071 Y   Drosophila virilis   Dvir\thr Y   Drosophila mojavensis   Dmoj\GI20434 Y   Drosophila grimshawi   Dgri\GH19844 Y
Orthologs in non-Drosophila Dipterans (None identified)
No non-Drosophilid orthologies identified
Orthologs in non-Dipteran Insects (None identified)
No non-Dipteran orthologies identified
Orthologs in non-Insect Arthropods (None identified)
No non-Insect Arthropod orthologies identified
Orthologs in non-Arthropod Metazoa (None identified)
No non-Arthropod Metazoa orthologies identified
Human Orthologs (0)
Gene OMIM HGNC
AAA Orthologs (10) based on analysis using Dmel annotation version 4.3
Organism Gene Drosophila simulans Dsim\GD25435 Drosophila sechellia Dsec\GM19944 Drosophila erecta Dere\GG21013 Drosophila yakuba Dyak\GE13956 Drosophila ananassae Dana\GF13218 Drosophila pseudoobscura pseudoobscura Dpse\thr Drosophila willistoni Dwil\GK22071 Drosophila virilis Dvir\thr Drosophila mojavensis Dmoj\GI20434 Drosophila grimshawi Dgri\GH19844
Stocks & Reagents
Stocks Listed in FlyBase ( 12 )
Bloomington	3262 cn1 thr1 bw1 sp1/CyO 6275 cn1 thr3 bw1 sp1/CyO 10685 y1 w67c23; P{lacW}thrk07805b/CyO 16359 y1 w67c23; P{EPgy2}thrEY02636/CyO
Kyoto	106947 cn1 thr1 bw1 sp1/CyO 114429 yd2 w1118 P{ey-FLP.N}2; P{neoFRT}42D P{EPgy2}thrEY02636 /CyO y+ 111223 yd2 w1118 P{ey-FLP.N}2 P{GMR-lacZ.C(38.1)}TPN1; P{neoFRT}42D P{lacW}thrk07805b /CyO y+ 101331 b1 pr1 thr313 cn1 wxwxt bw1 / CyO, Cy1 dplv1 pr1 cn2
VDRC	v38089 w1118; P{GD5749}v38089 v48344 w1118 P{GD17216}v48344 v38091 w1118; P{GD5749}v38091/TM3 v48343 w1118; P{GD17216}v48343/CyO
Genomic Clones ( 1 )
	BACR20E20 Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete
cDNA Clones ( 20 )
	Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see GBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.
cDNA Clones, Fully Sequenced
BDGP DGC clones	SD03660
Other clones
cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
BDGP DGC clones	LD24967 LD37031 LP01826 SD03704
Other clones	64998 71218 282427 CK01.87C.G3 CK01.113A.H10 Dmel_neb_011055_0439_2113 Dmel_neb_013446_0649_1045 Dmel_neb_015466_0382_1394 EK069126 EK191227 EK200149 EK308262 EP09709 FGM101F05 LD22604
RNAi & Array Information
Linkouts	DRSC - Results from RNAi screens. • FBgn0003701 GenomeRNAi - GenomeRNAi – A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents • 37042
Antibody Information
Other Information
Discoverer
Etymology
Identification
Relationship to Other Genes
Source for database identity of
Source for database merge of
Additional comments
Other Comments
	RNAi screen using dsRNA made from templates generated with primers directed against this gene results in aberrantly long spindles when assayed in S2 cells. This phenotype can be observed when the screen is performed with or without Cdc27 dsRNA. (Goshima et al., 2007) thr protein is cleaved after metaphase-to-anaphase transition during mitosis and this cleavage requires functional Sse protein complexes. (Herzig et al., 2002) pim and thr are required for sister chromatin separation in mitosis. (Leismann et al., 2000) There is no synergistic interaction between pim and thr. (Philp and Glover, 1997) The metaphase arrest seen in fzy mutants persists in the absence of pim or thr function. (Philp and Glover, 1997) Zygotic expression of thr is required for the embryonic mitoses. (D'Andrea et al., 1993) The maternal thr genotype influences the zygotic mutant phenotype. (D'Andrea et al., 1993) The thr gene was cloned by a combination of chromosome microdissection and P element tagging: predicted protein bears little resemblence to any sequence previously reported. Most significant similarity is over a 26 amino acid stretch where similarity to the S.pombe nuc2 nuclear scaffold-like protein is detectable. Mutants in thr show abnormal mitoses, becoming delayed at mitosis 15, with the chromosomes remaining at the metaphase plate, and subsequently decondensing. Maternal mRNA and protein are apparently sufficient for 14 rounds of mitosis in thr mutant embryos. (Philp et al., 1993)
External Crossreferences & Linkouts
Sequence Crossreferences
	RefSeq (Transcripts) • NM_166257 RefSeq (Proteins) • NP_725731 DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank • AAB29824 AAB60210 AAF57778 AAF57778.2 AAF57778.3 AAM68476.1 AAM75095 AC004640 AF175922 AF175923 AI532238 AW944323 AY128502 AY692282 CAA53148 CL527680 S69585 U03276 X75374 Entrez Gene - A searchable database of RefSeq genes. • 37042 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot • P42286
Other Crossreferences
Linkouts
	BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions • 62727 DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions. • FBgn0003701 DRSC - Results from RNAi screens. • FBgn0003701 FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies • FBgn0003701 FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array • CG5785-RA FlyMine - Integrated genomics database for Drosophila, Anopheles, and C.elegans • FBgn0003701 GenomeRNAi - GenomeRNAi – A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents • 37042 InterologFinder Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets. • 37042 modMine - Data generated by the modENCODE project. • FBgn0003701
Synonyms & Secondary IDs ( 11 )
Reported As
Symbol Synonym	ana (Kania et al., 1995, ) anch (Prokopenko and Bellen, 1997.1.7, ) CG5785 (Heidmann, 2003.11.11, Goshima et al., 2007) frag1 (Weyers et al., 2011) thr (Heidmann et al., 2004, Christensen et al., 2007.10.29, Somma et al., 2008, Pandey et al., 2005, Franciscovich et al., 2008, Schittenhelm et al., 2009, Weyers et al., 2011, Park et al., 2011, Jager et al., 2004, Japanese National Institute of Genetics, 2012.5.21) THR (Ross and Cohen-Fix, 2002, Heeger et al., 2003, Lehner, 2003) Thr (Goshima et al., 2007, Gwack et al., 2007)
Name Synonym	anarchist (Kania et al., 1995, ) fragmented gonads 1 (Weyers et al., 2011) three rows (Heidmann et al., 2004, Somma et al., 2008, Pandey et al., 2005, Weyers et al., 2011, Park et al., 2011) Three rows (Leismann and Lehner, 2003)
Secondary FlyBase IDs
	FBgn0015333
References ( 90 )
Generate a list of	All references relating to this gene ( 90 )
List References by type	Research paper  ( 35 ) Supplementary material  ( 6 ) Review  ( 17 ) Erratum  ( 1 ) Personal communication to FlyBase  ( 9 ) Abstract  ( 11 ) FlyBase analysis  ( 1 ) Stock list  ( 3 ) DNA/RNA sequence record  ( 2 ) Protein sequence record  ( 1 ) Letter  ( 1 ) Book  ( 1 ) Curated genome annotation  ( 1 )
Recent research papers ( 2 )
	Park et al., 2011, PLoS Genet. 7(8): e1002241 Specification of Drosophila corpora cardiaca neuroendocrine cells from mesoderm is regulated by Notch signaling. [FBrf0215231] Weyers et al., 2011, Dev. Biol. 353(2): 217--228 A genetic screen for mutations affecting gonad formation in Drosophila reveals a role for the slit/robo pathway. [FBrf0213539] Show all research papers ...
Recent reviews (0)
	All reviews listed in FlyBase were published before 2011 Show reviews ...