α-tubulin, α tubulin, tubulin, Tub, α-Tub85E
Please see the GBrowse view of Dmel\αTub85E or the JBrowse view of Dmel\αTub85E for information on other features
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Gene model reviewed during 5.46
Gene model reviewed during 5.49
1.55 (northern blot)
2.049 (sequence analysis)
2.0, 1.8 (northern blot)
1.85, 1.65 (northern blot)
There is only one protein coding transcript and one polypeptide associated with this gene
449 (aa); 55 (kD predicted)
Polypeptides were identified in wing imaginal discs and in the CME W2 wing imaginal disc cell line by 2D gel electrophoresis and by microsequencing.
Dimer of alpha and beta chains. A typical microtubule is a hollow water-filled tube with an outer diameter of 25 nm and an inner diameter of 15 nM. Alpha-beta heterodimers associate head-to-tail to form protofilaments running lengthwise along the microtubule wall with the beta-tubulin subunit facing the microtubule plus end conferring a structural polarity. Microtubules usually have 13 protofilaments but different protofilament numbers can be found in some organisms and specialized cells.
Undergoes a tyrosination/detyrosination cycle, the cyclic removal and re-addition of a C-terminal tyrosine residue by the enzymes tubulin tyrosine carboxypeptidase (TTCP) and tubulin tyrosine ligase (TTL), respectively.
Acetylation of alpha chains at Lys-40 stabilizes microtubules and affects affinity and processivity of microtubule motors. This modification has a role in multiple cellular functions, ranging from cell motility, cell cycle progression or cell differentiation to intracellular trafficking and signaling (By similarity).
Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\αTub85E using the Feature Mapper tool.
Comment: reference states 8-12 hr AEL
Comment: maternally deposited
Comment: reference states 6-12 hr AEL
Comment: reference states 0-6 hr AEL
Comment: reference states 2-21 hr AEL
Comment: nerve fibers
Comment: in sheath encasing nerve bundle
Comment: in sheath encasing nerve bundle
Comment: reference states 16-20 hr AEL
αTub85E protein is first observed in embryos at stage 13 in small clusters of cells in each thoracic and abdominal segment that correspond to the cap cells of the chordotonal organs. Staining is also observed in the primordia of the somatic musculature at early stage 13. By late stage 13, staining is observed in myoblasts and myotubes and in the hindgut. All chordotonal organs and most muscles are stained by stage 16. Chordotonal organ and hindgut staining remains strong at stage 17 but muscle staining has faded. In third instar larvae, staining is observed in chordotonal organs. Components of the nerves connecting the eye-antenna, prothoracic, leg, and mesothoracic leg discs to the CNS are also stained. In the optic stalk, clusters of individual fibers at the dorsal and ventral edges of the stalk are stained. In leg discs, staining occurs in the portion of the sheath encasing the major trunk of the nerve bundle. Testis staining observed only in cyst cells.
To compare synthesis and accumulation of α-tubulin proteins, 35S</up>methionine radiolabeled tissues were subjected to Western analysis using monoclonal anti-α-tubulin antibody. Newly synthesized αTub85E protein was observed possibly in testes and imaginal disc tissue, but a stable pool was observed only in late embryos.
GBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals
View Dmel\αTub85E in GBrowse 23-49
3-49
3-46.2
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Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see GBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.
For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.
monoclonal
polyclonal
RNAi screen using dsRNA made from templates generated with primers directed against this gene in S2 cell results in dim staining of microtubules, and a short monopolar spindle. This phenotype can be observed when the screen is performed with or without Cdc27 dsRNA.
RNAi generated by PCR using primers directed to this gene causes a cell growth and viability phenotype when assayed in Kc167 and S2R+ cells.
RNAi screen using dsRNA made from templates generated with primers directed against this gene causes a cell growth and viability phenotype when assayed in Kc167 and S2R+ cells.
In a sample of 79 genes with multiple introns, 33 showed significant heterogeneity in G+C content among introns of the same gene and significant positive correspondence between the intron and the third codon position G+C content within genes. These results are consistent with selection acting against preferred codons at the start of genes.
Though αTub84B and αTub85E are very similar in sequence they are functionally distinct. αTub85E can provide function in the male germ line fr generic microtubule arrays but lacks a subset of the functional properties possessed by necessary for specific features of microtubule assembly unique to the male germ cells.
Identified in 2D gels of CMW W2 wing imaginal disc cell proteins.
The tissue specific pattern of αTub85E protein accumulation is identified by isotope specific antibody.
The expression of βTub60D is accompanied by a coordinate transient increase in the level of synthesis of the embryonic α-tubulins, thereby maintaining an approximately equimolar synthesis of α- and β-tubulins throughout embryogenesis.
In D.melanogaster, two multigene families, each made up of four members, code for α- and β-tubulins. Tubulins are a highly conserved family of proteins that are the main structural components of microtubules in mitotic and meiotic spindles, cilia, flagella, neural processes and the cytoskeleton; nontubulin proteins (MAPS or microtubule-associated proteins) are involved along with tubulins in the formation of specialized microtubules (FBrf0045282; FBrf0046966). αTub85E is the only α-tubulin not expressed maternally. Transcripts present from 6-8 hr through adult. Protein found in support cells of chordotonal organs, developing muscles and somatic component of the testis (FBrf0049502). In adults expression of αTub85E is male-specific (FBrf0045282).
