FlyBase Gene Report: Dmel\αTub85E

General Information

Symbol

Dmel\αTub85E

Species

D. melanogaster

Name

α-Tubulin at 85E

Annotation Symbol

CG9476

Feature Type

protein_coding_gene

FlyBase ID

FBgn0003886

Gene Model Status

Current

Stock Availability

7 publicly available

Gene Snapshot

α-Tubulin at 85E (αTub85E) encodes the major α-Tubulin constituent of accessory and attachment cells of chordotonal organs. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-21]

Other Summaries

Alliance
Auto summary
Gene Group
UniProtKB
Red Book
Interactive Fly

Also Known As

α-tubulin, α tubulin, tubulin, α-Tub85E, Tub

Key Links

Genomic Location

Cytogenetic map

85E6-85E6

Sequence location

3R:9,731,221..9,733,250 [-]

Recombination map

3-49

Sequence

Get Decorated FASTA

Genomic Maps

GBrowse JBrowse

Help me choose

Other Genome Views

The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.

Function

GO Summary Ribbons

[Detailed GO annotations]

Gene Group (FlyBase)

ALPHA TUBULINS

Protein Family (UniProt)

Belongs to the tubulin family. (P06604)

Protein Signatures (InterPro)

Molecular Function (GO)
[Detailed GO annotations]

Experimental Evidence

structural constituent of cytoskeleton

Predictions / Assertions

GTP binding; GTPase activity; structural constituent of cytoskeleton

Summaries

Gene Group (FlyBase)

ALPHA TUBULINS -: Tubulins are cytoskeletal proteins. α- and β-tubulin heterodimers polymerise to form microtubules, the roles of which include mechanical strength, intracellular trafficking and chromosome segregation. (Adapted from PMID:1121746).

Protein Function (UniProtKB)

Tubulin is the major constituent of microtubules. It binds two moles of GTP, one at an exchangeable site on the beta chain and one at a non-exchangeable site on the alpha chain.

(UniProt, P06604)

Phenotypic Description (Red Book; Lindsley and Zimm 1992)

αTub85E (α2t)

A structural gene for α-Tubulin. Only α-Tubulin not expressed maternally. Transcripts present from 6-8 hr through adult. Protein found in support cells of chordotonal organs, developing muscles, and somatic component of the testis (Matthews, Miller, and Kaufman).

Gene Model and Products

Number of Transcripts

Number of Unique Polypeptides

Please see the GBrowse view of Dmel\αTub85E or the JBrowse view of Dmel\αTub85E for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)

Isoform displayed:

Pfam protein domains

InterPro name

classification

start

end

Protein Domains (via SMART)

Isoform displayed:

SMART protein domains

InterPro name

classification

start

end

Comments on Gene Model

Gene model reviewed during 5.46

Gene model reviewed during 5.49

Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene

nuclear_gene

protein_coding_gene

Transcript Data

Annotated Transcripts

Name

FlyBase ID

RefSeq ID

Length (nt)

Assoc. CDS (aa)

αTub85E-RA

FBtr0082087

NM_079573

1560

449

Additional Transcript Data and Comments

Reported size (kB)

1.55 (northern blot)

(Matthews et al., 1989)

2.049 (sequence analysis)

(Theurkauf et al., 1986)

2.0, 1.8 (northern blot)

(Natzle and McCarthy, 1984)

1.85, 1.65 (northern blot)

(Kalfayan and Wensink, 1982)

Comments

External Data

Crossreferences

Polypeptide Data

Annotated Polypeptides

Name

FlyBase ID

Predicted MW (kDa)

Length (aa)

Theoretical pI

RefSeq ID

GenBank

αTub85E-PA

FBpp0081565

50.0

449

4.83

NP_524297

AAF54433

Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

There is only one protein coding transcript and one polypeptide associated with this gene

Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments

Reported size (kDa)

449 (aa); 55 (kD predicted)

(Theurkauf et al., 1986)

Comments

Polypeptides were identified in wing imaginal discs and in the CME W2 wing imaginal disc cell line by 2D gel electrophoresis and by microsequencing.

(Santaren et al., 1993)

External Data

Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)

Dimer of alpha and beta chains. A typical microtubule is a hollow water-filled tube with an outer diameter of 25 nm and an inner diameter of 15 nM. Alpha-beta heterodimers associate head-to-tail to form protofilaments running lengthwise along the microtubule wall with the beta-tubulin subunit facing the microtubule plus end conferring a structural polarity. Microtubules usually have 13 protofilaments but different protofilament numbers can be found in some organisms and specialized cells.

(UniProt, P06604)

Post Translational Modification

Undergoes a tyrosination/detyrosination cycle, the cyclic removal and re-addition of a C-terminal tyrosine residue by the enzymes tubulin tyrosine carboxypeptidase (TTCP) and tubulin tyrosine ligase (TTL), respectively. Acetylation of alpha chains at Lys-40 stabilizes microtubules and affects affinity and processivity of microtubule motors. This modification has a role in multiple cellular functions, ranging from cell motility, cell cycle progression or cell differentiation to intracellular trafficking and signaling (By similarity).

(UniProt, P06604)

Crossreferences

InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites

Linkouts

Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model

Nucleotide / Polypeptide Records

UniProt

P06604

Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\αTub85E using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data

Crossreferences

Linkouts

Gene Ontology (11 terms)

Molecular Function (3 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (1 term)

CV Term

Evidence

References

structural constituent of cytoskeleton

inferred from direct assay

(Matthews et al., 1990)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (3 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

GTP binding

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000172598

(assigned by GO_Central )

(Gaudet et al., 2011)

GTPase activity

inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR003008, InterPro:IPR008280

(assigned by InterPro )

(FlyBase Curators et al., 2004-)

structural constituent of cytoskeleton

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000172598

(assigned by GO_Central )

(Gaudet et al., 2011)

Biological Process (4 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (1 term)

CV Term

Evidence

References

unidimensional cell growth

inferred from expression pattern

(Matthews et al., 1990)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (3 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

microtubule cytoskeleton organization

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000172598

(assigned by GO_Central )

(Gaudet et al., 2011)

microtubule-based process

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000172598

(assigned by GO_Central )

(Gaudet et al., 2011)

mitotic cell cycle

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000172598

(assigned by GO_Central )

(Gaudet et al., 2011)

Cellular Component (4 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (3 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

cytoplasmic microtubule

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Hutchens et al., 1997)

microtubule

inferred from direct assay

(Matthews et al., 1990)

spindle microtubule

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Hutchens et al., 1997)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

cytoplasm

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000172598

(assigned by GO_Central )

(Gaudet et al., 2011)

microtubule

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000172598

(assigned by GO_Central )

(Gaudet et al., 2011)

Expression Data

Expression Summary Ribbons

Colored tiles in ribbon indicate that expression data has been curated by FlyBase for that anatomical location. Colorless tiles indicate that there is no curated data for that location.

For complete stage-specific expression data, view the modENCODE Development RNA-Seq section under High-Throughput Expression below.

Transcript Expression

No Assay Recorded

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

organism

Comment: reference states 8-12 hr AEL

(Matthews et al., 1989)

in situ

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

embryonic stage 1 -- 3

organism

Comment: maternally deposited

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic stage 4 -- 6

organism | ubiquitous

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic stage 7 -- 8

organism | ubiquitous

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic stage 9 -- 10

organism | ubiquitous

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic stage 11 -- 12

organism | ubiquitous

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic stage 13 -- 16

embryonic/larval somatic muscle

(Fisher et al., 2012)

organism | faint | ubiquitous

(Fisher et al., 2012)

northern blot

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

embryonic stage 1 -- 11

Comment: reference states 0-6 hr AEL

(Natzle and McCarthy, 1984)

embryonic stage 4 -- 17

Comment: reference states 2-21 hr AEL

(Natzle and McCarthy, 1984)

embryonic stage 11 -- 15

Comment: reference states 6-12 hr AEL

(Kalfayan and Wensink, 1982)

larval stage

(Kalfayan and Wensink, 1982)

larval stage -- pupal stage

(Matthews et al., 1989)

first instar larval stage

(Natzle and McCarthy, 1984)

second instar larval stage

(Natzle and McCarthy, 1984)

third instar larval stage

(Natzle and McCarthy, 1984)

prepupal stage

(Natzle and McCarthy, 1984)

pupal stage

(Natzle and McCarthy, 1984, Kalfayan and Wensink, 1982)

adult stage | male

(Kalfayan and Wensink, 1982)

spermatogenesis & adult stage

testis

(Matthews et al., 1989)

Additional Descriptive Data

Marker for

Subcellular Localization

CV Term

Polypeptide Expression

No Assay Recorded

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

third instar larval stage

wing disc

(Santaren et al., 1993)

immunolocalization

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

embryonic stage 13

scolopidial dendritic cap cell

(Matthews et al., 1990)

somatic muscle primordium

(Matthews et al., 1990)

embryonic stage 13 -- 17

embryonic hindgut

(Matthews et al., 1990)

chordotonal organ

(Matthews et al., 1990)

embryonic stage 13 -- first instar larval stage

scolopidial dendritic cap cell | subset

(Inbal et al., 2004)

embryonic stage 14 -- 16

embryonic/larval somatic muscle

(Matthews et al., 1990)

embryonic/larval visceral muscle

(Matthews et al., 1990)

first instar larval stage

scolopidial ligament cell | subset

(Inbal et al., 2004)

third instar larval stage

chordotonal organ

(Matthews et al., 1990)

embryonic/larval optic stalk

Comment: nerve fibers

(Matthews et al., 1990)

prothoracic leg disc

Comment: in sheath encasing nerve bundle

(Matthews et al., 1990)

mesothoracic leg disc

Comment: in sheath encasing nerve bundle

(Matthews et al., 1990)

adult stage | male

cyst cell

(Matthews et al., 1990)

mass spectroscopy

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

adult stage

adult head

• membrane

(Aradska et al., 2015)

western blot

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

embryonic stage 17

Comment: reference states 16-20 hr AEL

(Matthews et al., 1989)

larval stage

imaginal disc

(Matthews et al., 1989)

spermatogenesis & adult stage

testis

(Matthews et al., 1989)

Additional Descriptive Data

αTub85E protein is first observed in embryos at stage 13 in small clusters of cells in each thoracic and abdominal segment that correspond to the cap cells of the chordotonal organs. Staining is also observed in the primordia of the somatic musculature at early stage 13. By late stage 13, staining is observed in myoblasts and myotubes and in the hindgut. All chordotonal organs and most muscles are stained by stage 16. Chordotonal organ and hindgut staining remains strong at stage 17 but muscle staining has faded. In third instar larvae, staining is observed in chordotonal organs. Components of the nerves connecting the eye-antenna, prothoracic, leg, and mesothoracic leg discs to the CNS are also stained. In the optic stalk, clusters of individual fibers at the dorsal and ventral edges of the stalk are stained. In leg discs, staining occurs in the portion of the sheath encasing the major trunk of the nerve bundle. Testis staining observed only in cyst cells.

(Matthews et al., 1990)

To compare synthesis and accumulation of α-tubulin proteins, ₃₅S</up>methionine radiolabeled tissues were subjected to Western analysis using monoclonal anti-α-tubulin antibody. Newly synthesized αTub85E protein was observed possibly in testes and imaginal disc tissue, but a stable pool was observed only in late embryos.

(Matthews et al., 1989)

Marker for

Subcellular Localization

CV Term

Evidence

References

cytoplasmic microtubule

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Hutchens et al., 1997)

microtubule

inferred from direct assay

(Matthews et al., 1990)

spindle microtubule

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Hutchens et al., 1997)

Expression Deduced from Reporters

High-Throughput Expression Data

Associated Tools

GBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\αTub85E in GBrowse 2

RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region

View exonic expression by developmental stage for Dmel\αTub85E

View exonic expression by tissue for Dmel\αTub85E

Bulk Downloads

RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes

Reference

See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.

Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle

Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis

External Data and Images

Linkouts

BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis

FBgn0003886

FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies

FBgn0003886

FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array

CG9476-RA

Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns

CG9476

Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut

FBgn0003886

Images

FlyBase Wiki

Image Based Resources

Alleles, Insertions, and Transgenic Constructs

Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 3 )

For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show

Other relevant insertions

Transgenic Constructs ( 7 )

For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show

Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of αTub85E

Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of αTub85E

Deletions and Duplications ( 3 )

Disrupted in

Df(3R)by10

(Seshaiah et al., 2001)

Df(3R)GB104

(Seshaiah et al., 2001)

Tp(3;2)by62

(Seshaiah et al., 2001)

Phenotypes

For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.

Sterility

Allele

male fertile

αTub85E^βTub85D.PH

Other Phenotypes

Allele

visible, with Scer\GAL4^Bx-MS1096

αTub85E^HM04009

Phenotype manifest in

Allele

spermatid

αTub85E^βTub85D.PH

wing, with Scer\GAL4^Bx-MS1096

αTub85E^HM04009

Orthologs

Downloads

Download All DIOPT Orthologs

Download All OrthoDB Orthologs

Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v7.1)

Homo sapiens (Human) (9)

Species\Gene Symbol

Score

Best Score

Best Reverse Score

Source

Alignment

Complementation?

Transgene?

Hsap\TUBA1A

7 of 15

Yes

6 of 15

6 of 15

5 of 15

5 of 15

5 of 15

5 of 15

Yes

Hsap\TUBAL3

4 of 15

Yes

Hsap\TUBA8

3 of 15

Yes

Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v7.1)

Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (8)

Species\Gene Symbol

Score

Best Score

Best Reverse Score

Source

Alignment

Complementation?

Transgene?

Mmus\Tuba1a

7 of 15

Yes

Mmus\Tuba3b

7 of 15

Yes

6 of 15

5 of 15

5 of 15

4 of 15

Yes

Mmus\Tuba8

4 of 15

Yes

Mmus\Tubal3

3 of 15

Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (10)

Rnor\Tuba3b

7 of 13

Yes

Rnor\LOC100909441

5 of 13

Rnor\Tuba3a

5 of 13

Yes

Rnor\Tuba4a

5 of 13

Yes

Rnor\Tuba1a

4 of 13

Yes

Rnor\Tuba1b

3 of 13

Yes

Rnor\Tuba1c

3 of 13

Yes

Rnor\Tuba8

3 of 13

Yes

Rnor\Tubal3

3 of 13

Yes

Rnor\RGD1563709

1 of 13

Yes

Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (15)

Xtro\tuba1c

4 of 12

Yes

Xtro\tuba3c

4 of 12

Yes

Xtro\tuba3e

3 of 12

Yes

Xtro\tuba4a

3 of 12

Yes

Xtro\tuba4b

3 of 12

Yes

Xtro\tuba4

3 of 12

Yes

Xtro\tuba1a

2 of 12

Yes

Xtro\tuba1b

2 of 12

Xtro\tuba8

2 of 12

Yes

Xtro\tubal3

2 of 12

Yes

Xtro\LOC100486465

1 of 12

Yes

Xtro\LOC100490289

1 of 12

Yes

Xtro\LOC100497157

1 of 12

Yes

Xtro\LOC100497528

1 of 12

Yes

Xtro\LOC108648850

1 of 12

Yes

Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (14)

Drer\si:ch211-114n24.6

7 of 15

Yes

6 of 15

5 of 15

5 of 15

5 of 15

Yes

Drer\tuba7l

5 of 15

Drer\tuba8l2

5 of 15

Yes

Drer\tuba8l3

5 of 15

Yes

Drer\tuba8l4

5 of 15

Yes

Drer\si:ch73-199e17.1

4 of 15

Yes

4 of 15

4 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

Yes

Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (11)

Cele\mec-12

12 of 15

Yes

Cele\tba-4

6 of 15

Yes

Cele\tba-1

5 of 15

Yes

Cele\tba-6

5 of 15

Yes

Cele\tba-7

5 of 15

Yes

Cele\tba-2

4 of 15

Cele\tba-5

4 of 15

Yes

Cele\tba-8

4 of 15

Yes

Cele\tba-9

4 of 15

Yes

Cele\tbb-1

1 of 15

Cele\Y19D2B.1

1 of 15

Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (6)

Atha\TUA6

7 of 9

Yes

Atha\TUA1

4 of 9

Atha\TUA2

4 of 9

Atha\TUA5

4 of 9

Yes

Atha\TUA3

2 of 9

Yes

Atha\TUA4

2 of 9

Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (2)

Scer\TUB1

11 of 15

Yes

Scer\TUB3

9 of 15

Yes

Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (2)

Spom\atb2

8 of 12

Yes

Spom\nda2

8 of 12

Yes

Orthologs in Drosophila Species (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG091907WA )

Organism

Common Name

Gene

AAA Syntenic Ortholog

Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group

Drosophila melanogaster

fruit fly

Dmel\αTub85E

Drosophila suzukii

Spotted wing Drosophila

Drosophila simulans

Drosophila sechellia

Drosophila erecta

Drosophila yakuba

Drosophila ananassae

Drosophila mojavensis

Dmoj\GI23620

Orthologs in non-Drosophila Dipterans (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( None identified )

No non-Drosophilid orthologies identified

Orthologs in non-Dipteran Insects (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG090W04D6 )

Organism

Common Name

Gene

Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group

Bombyx mori

Silkmoth

Bmor\Bmo.11064

Bombyx mori

Silkmoth

Bmor\Bmo.13285

Bombyx mori

Silkmoth

Bmor\BGIBMGA002542

Danaus plexippus

Monarch butterfly

Dple\DPOGS214479-PA

Danaus plexippus

Monarch butterfly

Dple\DPOGS203334-PA

Heliconius melpomene

Postman butterfly

Hmel\HMEL013932

Heliconius melpomene

Postman butterfly

Hmel\HMEL013498

Apis florea

Little honeybee

Aflo\3293631172

Apis florea

Little honeybee

Aflo\2364680164

Apis florea

Little honeybee

Aflo\2230624532

Apis mellifera

Western honey bee

Amel\LOC412886

Apis mellifera

Western honey bee

Amel\LOC408388

Apis mellifera

Western honey bee

Amel\LOC550827

Bombus impatiens

Common eastern bumble bee

Bimp\BIMP24698

Bombus impatiens

Common eastern bumble bee

Bimp\BIMP19158

Bombus terrestris

Buff-tailed bumblebee

Bter\15214485

Bombus terrestris

Buff-tailed bumblebee

Bter\15213064

Linepithema humile

Argentine ant

Lhum\LH17912

Linepithema humile

Argentine ant

Lhum\LH15949

Linepithema humile

Argentine ant

Lhum\LH20092

Megachile rotundata

Alfalfa leafcutting bee

Mrot\MROTU:002c6f

Megachile rotundata

Alfalfa leafcutting bee

Mrot\MROTU:001357

Megachile rotundata

Alfalfa leafcutting bee

Mrot\MROTU:0009be

Nasonia vitripennis

Parasitic wasp

Nvit\Nasvi2EG007917

Nasonia vitripennis

Parasitic wasp

Nvit\Nasvi2EG008597

Nasonia vitripennis

Parasitic wasp

Nvit\Nasvi2EG007731

Dendroctonus ponderosae

Mountain pine beetle

Dpod\YQE_08779

Dendroctonus ponderosae

Mountain pine beetle

Dpod\YQE_01314

Tribolium castaneum

Red flour beetle

Tcas\TC004522

Pediculus humanus

Human body louse

Phum\PHUM304110

Pediculus humanus

Human body louse

Phum\PHUM420710

Pediculus humanus

Human body louse

Phum\PHUM580860

Rhodnius prolixus

Kissing bug

Rpro\RPRC003672

Rhodnius prolixus

Kissing bug

Rpro\RPRC014377

Rhodnius prolixus

Kissing bug

Rpro\RPRC010283

Rhodnius prolixus

Kissing bug

Rpro\RPRC008372

Cimex lectularius

Bed bug

Clec\CLEC012508

Cimex lectularius

Bed bug

Clec\CLEC002589

Cimex lectularius

Bed bug

Clec\CLEC011764

Acyrthosiphon pisum

Pea aphid

Apim\ACYPI010073

Acyrthosiphon pisum

Pea aphid

Apim\ACYPI005668

Acyrthosiphon pisum

Pea aphid

Apim\ACYPI006761

Zootermopsis nevadensis

Nevada dampwood termite

Znev\Znev_03649

Zootermopsis nevadensis

Nevada dampwood termite

Znev\Znev_11735

Zootermopsis nevadensis

Nevada dampwood termite

Znev\Znev_05527

Zootermopsis nevadensis

Nevada dampwood termite

Znev\Znev_03017

Zootermopsis nevadensis

Nevada dampwood termite

Znev\Znev_15255

Zootermopsis nevadensis

Nevada dampwood termite

Znev\Znev_10504

Orthologs in non-Insect Arthropods (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG090X049T )

Organism

Common Name

Gene

Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group

Strigamia maritima

European centipede

Smar\SMAR009669

Strigamia maritima

European centipede

Smar\SMAR010679

Ixodes scapularis

Black-legged tick

Isca\ISCW017473

Ixodes scapularis

Black-legged tick

Isca\ISCW015260

Ixodes scapularis

Black-legged tick

Isca\ISCW004211

Ixodes scapularis

Black-legged tick

Isca\ISCW003527

Stegodyphus mimosarum

African social velvet spider

Smim\KFM61657.1

Stegodyphus mimosarum

African social velvet spider

Smim\KFM65893.1

Stegodyphus mimosarum

African social velvet spider

Smim\KFM79250.1

Stegodyphus mimosarum

African social velvet spider

Smim\KFM75149.1

Tetranychus urticae

Two-spotted spider mite

Turt\tetur03g00230

Tetranychus urticae

Two-spotted spider mite

Turt\tetur07g05180

Daphnia pulex

Water flea

Dpux\DAPPUDRAFT_315805

Daphnia pulex

Water flea

Dpux\DAPPUDRAFT_220904

Daphnia pulex

Water flea

Dpux\DAPPUDRAFT_315806

Daphnia pulex

Water flea

Dpux\DAPPUDRAFT_301837

Orthologs in non-Arthropod Metazoa (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG091G0736 )

Organism

Common Name

Gene

Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group

Strongylocentrotus purpuratus

Purple sea urchin

Spur\Sp-Atub10

Strongylocentrotus purpuratus

Purple sea urchin

Spur\Sp-Atub4

Strongylocentrotus purpuratus

Purple sea urchin

Spur\Sp-Atub2

Strongylocentrotus purpuratus

Purple sea urchin

Spur\Sp-Atub9

Strongylocentrotus purpuratus

Purple sea urchin

Spur\SPU_016614gn

Strongylocentrotus purpuratus

Purple sea urchin

Spur\Sp-Atub5

Strongylocentrotus purpuratus

Purple sea urchin

Spur\SPU_019989gn

Strongylocentrotus purpuratus

Purple sea urchin

Spur\Sp-Atub8

Strongylocentrotus purpuratus

Purple sea urchin

Spur\Sp-Atub6

Strongylocentrotus purpuratus

Purple sea urchin

Spur\Sp-Tuba1c

Strongylocentrotus purpuratus

Purple sea urchin

Spur\Sp-Atub1

Strongylocentrotus purpuratus

Purple sea urchin

Spur\Sp-Tuba1c_2

Strongylocentrotus purpuratus

Purple sea urchin

Spur\Sp-Atub3

Strongylocentrotus purpuratus

Purple sea urchin

Spur\SPU_011669gn

Strongylocentrotus purpuratus

Purple sea urchin

Spur\SPU_026444gn

Strongylocentrotus purpuratus

Purple sea urchin

Spur\Sp-Tuba1c_1

Strongylocentrotus purpuratus

Purple sea urchin

Spur\Sp-Atub13

Ciona intestinalis

Vase tunicate

Cint\LOC100182743

Ciona intestinalis

Vase tunicate

Cint\LOC100181688

Ciona intestinalis

Vase tunicate

Cint\LOC100187543

Ciona intestinalis

Vase tunicate

Cint\LOC100178709

Ciona intestinalis

Vase tunicate

Cint\LOC100185176

Ciona intestinalis

Vase tunicate

Cint\LOC100176736

Gallus gallus

Domestic chicken

Ggal\TUBA4A

Gallus gallus

Domestic chicken

Ggal\ENSGALG00000013045

Gallus gallus

Domestic chicken

Ggal\Gga.8347

Gallus gallus

Domestic chicken

Ggal\ENSGALG00000011324

Gallus gallus

Domestic chicken

Ggal\TUBA3E

Gallus gallus

Domestic chicken

Ggal\LOC424201

Paralogs

Downloads

Download All DIOPT Paralogs

Paralogs (via DIOPT v7.1)

Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (11)

Gene Symbol

Score

Source

Alignment

8 of 10

7 of 10

6 of 10

4 of 10

1 of 10

1 of 10

1 of 10

1 of 10

1 of 10

1 of 10

1 of 10

Human Disease Associations

FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports

Disease Model Summary Ribbon

Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations

Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Allele

Disease

Evidence

References

Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 2 )

Human Ortholog

Disease

Evidence

References

TUBA1A; tubulin alpha 1a

model of lissencephaly

IEA

(FlyBase, 2019-)

TUBA4A; tubulin alpha 4a

model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 22

IEA

(FlyBase, 2019-)

Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Allele

Disease

Interaction

References

Comments on Models/Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v7.1 and OMIM)

Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.

Homo sapiens (Human)

Gene name

Score

OMIM

OMIM Phenotype

DO term

Complementation?

Transgene?

TUBA1A; tubulin alpha 1a

7 of 15

602529

LISSENCEPHALY 3; LIS3

lissencephaly

TUBA3D; tubulin alpha 3d

6 of 15

617878

KERATOCONUS 9; KTCN9

TUBA3E; tubulin alpha 3e

6 of 15

TUBA1B; tubulin alpha 1b

5 of 15

602530

TUBA1C; tubulin alpha 1c

5 of 15

TUBA3C; tubulin alpha 3c

5 of 15

602528

TUBA4A; tubulin alpha 4a

5 of 15

191110

AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS 22 WITH OR WITHOUT FRONTOTEMPORAL DEMENTIA; ALS22

amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 22

TUBAL3; tubulin alpha like 3

4 of 15

TUBA8; tubulin alpha 8

3 of 15

605742

CORTICAL DYSPLASIA, COMPLEX, WITH OTHER BRAIN MALFORMATIONS 8; CDCBM8

Functional Complementation Data

Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.

Interactions

Summary of Physical Interactions

esyN Network Diagram

Interactions Browser

Summary of Genetic Interactions

esyN Network Diagram

Starting gene(s)

Interaction type

Interacting gene(s)

Reference

Starting gene(s)

Interaction type

Interacting gene(s)

Reference

External Data

Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)

(UniProt, P06604 )

Linkouts

DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.

FBgn0003886

InterologFinder - Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets.

41183

MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database

alphaTub85E

Pathways

Gene Group - Pathway Membership (FlyBase)

External Data

Linkouts

KEGG Pathways - Wiring diagrams of molecular interactions, reactions and relations.

Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data

Chromosome (arm)

Recombination map

3-49

Cytogenetic map

85E6-85E6

Sequence location

3R:9,731,221..9,733,250 [-]

FlyBase Computed Cytological Location

Cytogenetic map

Evidence for location

85E6-85E6

Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{EP}Crc^EP3006 and P{lacW}s2681

Experimentally Determined Cytological Location

Cytogenetic map

Notes

References

85E-85E

(determined by in situ hybridisation)

(Drosopoulou and Scouras, 1998)

85E6-85E10

(determined by in situ hybridisation)

(Natzle and McCarthy, 1984, Mischke and Pardue, 1982, Kalfayan and Wensink, 1981, Sanchez et al., 1980)

Experimentally Determined Recombination Data

Location

3-49

(FlyBase, 2016)

3-46.2

(Comeron et al., 2012)

Left of (cM)

Right of (cM)

Notes

Stocks and Reagents

Stocks (7)

Bloomington

31703

y¹ v¹; P{TRiP.HM04009}attP2

80861

y¹, v¹; P{TKO.GS04765}attP40

44964

y¹ w^*; Mi{MIC}αTub85E^MI08426

60267

y¹ w^*; Mi{PT-GFSTF.0}αTub85E^{MI08426-GFSTF.0}

42905

y¹ sc^* v¹ sev²¹; P{TRiP.HMS02598}attP40

VDRC

v330369

P{VSH330369}attP40

v103202

P{KK109599}VIE-260B

Genomic Clones (16)

Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete

cDNA Clones (177)

Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see GBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

cDNA clones, fully sequences

BDGP DGC clones

Other clones

FI07460

Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

FBgn0003886

cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)

BDGP DGC clones

Other clones

RNAi and Array Information

Linkouts

DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens

FBgn0003886

GenomeRNAi - A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents

41183

Antibody Information

Laboratory Generated Antibodies

monoclonal

(Nachman et al., 2015)

polyclonal

(Klein et al., 2010)

Commercially Available Antibodies

Cell Signaling Technology - Commercial vendor for primary antibodies and antibody conjugates.

Developmental Studies Hybridoma Bank - Monoclonal antibodies for use in research

Other Information

Relationship to Other Genes

Source for database identify of

Source for database merge of

Additional comments

Other Comments

RNAi screen using dsRNA made from templates generated with primers directed against this gene in S2 cell results in dim staining of microtubules, and a short monopolar spindle. This phenotype can be observed when the screen is performed with or without Cdc27 dsRNA.

(Goshima et al., 2007)

RNAi generated by PCR using primers directed to this gene causes a cell growth and viability phenotype when assayed in Kc167 and S2R⁺ cells.

(Boutros et al., 2004)

RNAi screen using dsRNA made from templates generated with primers directed against this gene causes a cell growth and viability phenotype when assayed in Kc167 and S2R⁺ cells.

(Boutros et al., 2004)

In a sample of 79 genes with multiple introns, 33 showed significant heterogeneity in G+C content among introns of the same gene and significant positive correspondence between the intron and the third codon position G+C content within genes. These results are consistent with selection acting against preferred codons at the start of genes.

(Kliman and Eyre-Walker, 1998)

Though αTub84B and αTub85E are very similar in sequence they are functionally distinct. αTub85E can provide function in the male germ line fr generic microtubule arrays but lacks a subset of the functional properties possessed by necessary for specific features of microtubule assembly unique to the male germ cells.

(Hutchens et al., 1997)

Identified in 2D gels of CMW W2 wing imaginal disc cell proteins.

(Santaren et al., 1993)

The tissue specific pattern of αTub85E protein accumulation is identified by isotope specific antibody.

(Matthews et al., 1990)

The expression of βTub60D is accompanied by a coordinate transient increase in the level of synthesis of the embryonic α-tubulins, thereby maintaining an approximately equimolar synthesis of α- and β-tubulins throughout embryogenesis.

(Raff et al., 1982)

In D.melanogaster, two multigene families, each made up of four members, code for α- and β-tubulins. Tubulins are a highly conserved family of proteins that are the main structural components of microtubules in mitotic and meiotic spindles, cilia, flagella, neural processes and the cytoskeleton; nontubulin proteins (MAPS or microtubule-associated proteins) are involved along with tubulins in the formation of specialized microtubules (FBrf0045282; FBrf0046966). αTub85E is the only α-tubulin not expressed maternally. Transcripts present from 6-8 hr through adult. Protein found in support cells of chordotonal organs, developing muscles and somatic component of the testis (FBrf0049502). In adults expression of αTub85E is male-specific (FBrf0045282).

Origin and Etymology

Discoverer

Etymology

Identification

External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 56 )

Sequence Crossreferences

NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.

41183

GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.

GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.

RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.

UniProt/Swiss-Prot - Manually annotated and reviewed records of protein sequence and functional information

P06604

Other crossreferences

BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis

FBgn0003886

Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones

FBgn0003886

Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns

CG9476

Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut

FBgn0003886

GenomeRNAi - A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents

41183

iBeetle-Base - RNAi phenotypes in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)

TC004522

InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites

KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.

Dmel_CG9476

KEGG Pathways - Wiring diagrams of molecular interactions, reactions and relations.

Phagosome

modMine - A data warehouse for the modENCODE project

FBgn0003886

Linkouts

Cell Signaling Technology - Commercial vendor for primary antibodies and antibody conjugates.

DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.

FBgn0003886

DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens

FBgn0003886

Developmental Studies Hybridoma Bank - Monoclonal antibodies for use in research

FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies

FBgn0003886

FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array

CG9476-RA

FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics

FBgn0003886

InterologFinder - Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets.

41183

KEGG Pathways - Wiring diagrams of molecular interactions, reactions and relations.

Phagosome

MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database

alphaTub85E

Synonyms and Secondary IDs (37)

Reported As

Symbol Synonym

(Fyrberg and Goldstein, 1990)

85E

(Yan et al., 2018)

ALPHA 85E

(Goldstein and Gunawardena, 2000)

CG9476

(Hassan et al., 2018, Meadows, 2017.1.11, Müller et al., 2010, Ni et al., 2010.12.1, Zhang et al., 2010, Keleman et al., 2009.8.5, Ni et al., 2008, Goshima et al., 2007, Wertheim et al., 2005, Goldstein and Gunawardena, 2000)

DTA3

(Natzle and McCarthy, 1984)

(Courgeon et al., 1993)

Tub

(Tokusumi et al., 2012, Harris and Peifer, 2004, Wei et al., 2004)

Tub1D

(Kollmar, 2015.9.15, Kollmar and Odronitz, 2006)

a2t

(Fuller, 1993)

aTub85E

(Kliman and Eyre-Walker, 1998)

alphaTub85E

(Transgenic RNAi Project members, 2017-, Gene Disruption Project members, 2015-, Taliaferro et al., 2013, Friedman et al., 2011, Friedman et al., 2011, Müller et al., 2010, Müller et al., 2010)

α-Tub

(Fichelson et al., 2010, Ruel et al., 2003)

α-Tub85E

(Zhang et al., 2018, Andrés et al., 2014, Klein et al., 2010)

α-tub

(Delgehyr et al., 2012)

α-tubulin

(Maiato et al., 2006, Martinez-Campos et al., 2004, Wasser and Chia, 2003)

α2

(Drosopoulou and Scouras, 1998, Bo and Wensink, 1989)

α2t

α85E

(Nielsen et al., 2006, Hoyle et al., 2001, Raff, 1984)

α85E-tub

(Inbal et al., 2004)

αTub

(Audibert et al., 2005)

αTub2

(Mansfield et al., 1994)

αTub84E

(Moritz, 1993)

αTub85E

(Hassan et al., 2018, Halachmi et al., 2016, Nachman et al., 2015, Sharma et al., 2011, Weake et al., 2011, Goshima et al., 2007, Wertheim et al., 2005)

αtub85E

(Jonchère et al., 2017)

Name Synonyms

alpha tubulin

(Nielsen et al., 2010)

alpha-tubulin

(Przewloka et al., 2007)

tubulin

(Yuen et al., 2008, Galindo et al., 2007, Ashley et al., 2005, Goshima et al., 2005, Harris and Peifer, 2005, Harris and Peifer, 2004)

α tubulin

(Abdu et al., 2006, Donaldson et al., 2001, Audibert and Simonelig, 1999, Avides and Glover, 1999, Nicolai et al., 1999, Bonaccorsi et al., 1998)

α-Tubulin

(Fichelson et al., 2010, Szafranski and Goode, 2007, Brandt et al., 2006, Betschinger et al., 2005, Wei et al., 2004, Berdnik and Knoblich, 2002, van Steensel et al., 2001)

α-Tubulin 85E

(O'Farrell and Kylsten, 2008)

α-Tubulin at 85E

α-tubulin

(Delgehyr et al., 2012, Bucciarelli et al., 2009, Kner et al., 2009, Zhang et al., 2009, Cheng et al., 2008, Gao et al., 2008, Holtzman et al., 2008, Goshima et al., 2007, Murray and Saint, 2007, Ohlstein and Spradling, 2007, Sakaguchi and Steward, 2007, Wang et al., 2007, Brandt, 2006, Mendjan et al., 2006, Rujano et al., 2006, Verollet et al., 2006, Cullen et al., 2005, Wilson, 2005, Cottam et al., 2004, Kwon and Scholey, 2004, Logarinho et al., 2004, McHugh et al., 2004, Meignin et al., 2004, Roper and Brown, 2004, Betschinger et al., 2003, Cenci et al., 2003, Fuse et al., 2003, Somma et al., 2003, Mollinari et al., 2002, Bellaiche et al., 2001, Ben-Yaacov et al., 2001, Sampaio et al., 2001, Wakefield et al., 2001, Lange et al., 2000, Leismann et al., 2000, Lemos et al., 2000, Roos et al., 2000, Walker et al., 2000, Gho et al., 1999, Wilson, 1999, Wilson, 1999, Herrmann et al., 1998, Kuchinke et al., 1998, Riparbelli et al., 1997, Eaton et al., 1996, Brill et al., 1995, Callaini et al., 1994, Endow et al., 1994, Baker et al., 1993, Wu et al., 1990)

α-tubulin 85E

(Cachero et al., 2011)

α2-tubulin

(Bo and Wensink, 1989)

α2tubulin

(Raff et al., 1982)

α85E-tubulin

(Dettman et al., 2001)

αT

(Galindo et al., 2007)

αtubulin

(Battaglia et al., 2001, Grieder and Spradling, 1999)

Secondary FlyBase IDs

Datasets (0)

Study focus (0)

Experimental Role

Project

Project Type

Title

References (187)

Report Sections

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