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Gene Dmel\βTub60D

General Information
Symbol	Dmel\βTub60D	Species	D. melanogaster
Name	β-Tubulin at 60D	Annotation symbol	CG3401
Feature type	protein_coding_gene	FlyBase ID	FBgn0003888
Gene Model Status	Current	Stock availability	6 publicly available
Also Known As	β3, B3t, β3-Tub, betaTub60D, β3Tub, Tub60D, β-tub, β3 TU, DTB3, Tub
Genomic Location
Chromosome (arm)	2R	Recombination map
Cytogenetic map	60C6-60C6	Sequence location	2R:20,193,405..20,200,626 [+]
Genomic Maps Select View:Gene Models/EvidenceExpression/RegulationMegaViewGene Disruptions, Stocks and Reagents modENCODE GBrowse	Decorated FastA GenBankGFF Gene region Extended Gene region CDSIntronsExonsTranslationsTranscripts3' UTR5' UTR
Summary Information
Automatically generated summary See sections below for more information	The gene β-Tubulin at 60D is referred to in FlyBase by the symbol Dmel\βTub60D (CG3401, FBgn0003888). It is a protein_coding_gene from Drosophila melanogaster. Based on sequence similarity, it is predicted to have molecular function: structural constituent of cytoskeleton. There is experimental evidence that it is involved in the biological process: response to light stimulus; larval behavior; axon guidance; axonogenesis; neurogenesis. 23 alleles are reported. The phenotypes of these alleles are annotated with: rhabdomere; eye; trichogen cell; optic lobe; mesothoracic tergum; tormogen cell; axoneme; lamina. It has one annotated transcript and one annotated polypeptide. Protein features are: Beta tubulin; Beta tubulin, autoregulation binding site; Tubulin; Tubulin, C-terminal; Tubulin, conserved site; Tubulin/FtsZ, 2-layer sandwich domain; Tubulin/FtsZ, C-terminal; Tubulin/FtsZ, GTPase domain. Summary of modENCODE Temporal Expression Profile: Temporal profile ranges from a peak of very high expression to a trough of moderate expression. Peak expression observed within 06-18 hour embryonic stages, during late larval stages, at stages throughout the pupal period. Summary of FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data: Many larval and adult organs/tissues expressed at moderate or high levels. Expression at high levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: larval/adult Malpighian tubules, larval fat body, adult testis. Expression at moderate levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult head, larval central nervous system, larval/adult midgut, larval/adult hindgut, adult heart, adult fat body, larval trachea, adult ovary, larval/adult carcass. Comments on Affy2 ProbeSet: ProbeSet 1639503_at completely aligns to an exonic region of the only FlyBase-annotated transcript isoform of betaTub60D. Gene sequence location is 2R:20193405..20200626.
External Summaries
Phenotypic Description from the Red Book (Lindsley & Zimm 1992)
Gene/Allele symbols may differ from current usage	βTub60D (β3t) A structural gene for β-tubulin. The mRNA first appears in the mesoderm during mid-embryogenesis at about the time when synthesis of β-tubulin begins and later disappears from the embryo when synthesis of the tubulin ends; the transcript reappears in the mesoderm during the pupal period (Raff et al., 1982; Natzle and McCarthy, 1984; Raff, 1984; Rudolph et al., 1987; Gasch et al., 1988; Kimble et al., 1989). During embryogenesis, βTub60C is only expressed in developing muscles; in pupae, it is expressed in adult muscles, imaginal discs, wing blades, optic lobes, ovaries and testes, but ceases (except in ovaries and testes) in adults. As compared to the tubulin encoded by βTub56D, the product of βTub60C is but a minor component of the total tubulin pool (Rudolph et al., 1987). When synthesis of the βTub60C tubulin begins in the embryo, α-Tubulin synthesis is increased (Raff et al., 1982).
Recent Updates
Description	What does this section display? This section contains items that were added to this record for each release. It currently only tracks new links between this FlyBase report and other FlyBase data classes (e.g. genes, references, stocks) or controlled vocabulary terms (e.g. GO, anatomy terms). What does this section not display? This section does not currently display links that were removed or gene model changes.
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FB2011_10	References Neumüller et al., 2011, Cell Stem Cell 8(5): 580--593
FB2012_01	References Lo et al., 2007, Dev. Biol. 311(2): 287--296 Cunha et al., 2010, PLoS Genet. 6: e1001014 Sequence features HFA04673 BKN32384 BKN30523
All updates	Click here to see a list of all updates to this record from FB2010_08 and on.
Detailed Mapping Data
FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Evidence for location 60C6-60C6   Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{lacW}Nop60Bk05318 and P{PZ}bs03267&P{lacW}l(2)k10502k10502
Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Notes References 60C7-60C8   (determined by in situ hybridisation)   (Cuenca et al., 1998) 60D-60D   (determined by in situ hybridisation)   (Gasch et al., 1989) 60C-60C   (determined by in situ hybridisation)   (Whiting et al., 1989) 60D-60D   (determined by in situ hybridisation)   (Sobrier et al., 1989) 60D-60D   (determined by in situ hybridisation)   (Gasch et al., 1988) 60D-60D   (determined by in situ hybridisation)   (Leiss et al., 1988) 60D-60D   (determined by in situ hybridisation)   (Bialojan et al., 1984)
Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
Location
Left of (cM)
Right of (cM)
Notes
Gene Model & Products
Please see the GBrowse view of Dmel\βTub60D for information on other features To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form
Comments on Gene Model
Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name FlyBase ID RefSeq ID Length (nt) Associated CDS (aa) betaTub60D-RA FBtr0072270  NM_079118   2521   454
Additional Transcript Data & Comments
Reported size (kB)	2.6 (northern blot) (Sobrier et al., 1989) 2.5 (northern blot) (Bialojan et al., 1984) 2.3 (northern blot) (Natzle and McCarthy, 1984) 1.362 (sequence analysis) (Rudolph et al., 1987)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name FlyBase ID Predicted MW (kDa) Length (aa) Theoretical pI RefSeq ID GenBank protein betaTub60D-PA   FBpp0072177   50.8   454   4.51     NP_523842   AAF47193
Additional Polypeptide Data & Comments
Reported size (kDa)	454 (aa); 53 (kD predicted) (Rudolph et al., 1987)
Comments	Used as a cell marker for the entire myoblast population and can be followed into all somatic muscle fibers. (Bour et al., 1995)
External Data
Linkouts
Crossreferences	InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites • Tubulin (IPR000217) Beta tubulin (IPR002453) Tubulin/FtsZ, GTPase domain (IPR003008) Tubulin/FtsZ, C-terminal (IPR008280) Tubulin, conserved site (IPR017975) Tubulin/FtsZ, 2-layer sandwich domain (IPR018316) Beta tubulin, autoregulation binding site (IPR013838) Tubulin, C-terminal (IPR023123)
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank	DNA sequence Protein sequence Name AA438915   AE013599 AAF47193   AI259574   AI389559   AI403172   AI404616   AK271128   AK272968   AK278896   AK281162   AK281772   AK281795   AK282333   AK282976   AK283254   AK283393   AK283684   AK283922   AK284028   AY118611   AY118725   AY231753   BF485767   BG636276   BG637286   BI163612   BI170118   BI172515   BI172593   BI173066   BI212639   BI228128   BI228504   BI232424   BI236451   BI237371   BI238911   BI240293   BI242855   BI352481   BI357025   BI357097   BI357801   BI362509   BI363857   BI364711   BI365170   BI367077   BI367398   BI373308   BI375503   BI485133   BI485247   BI486141   BI486426   BI577717   BI578984   BI632696   BI633696   BP551447   BP552437   BP557564   BT003242   BT015991 AAV36876   BT125650   BX032959   BX033714   BX043950   BX052775   BX056514   BX060680   BX063544   CK132311   CO154236   CO191850   CO266502   CO268583   CO269764   CO271818   CO274413   CO274639   CO278588   CO289179   CO292168   CO293137   CO296810   CO319866   CO339903   DN154532   DQ675544   EC060822   EC068529   EC071332   EC072682   EC086667   EC198483   EC201105   EC209785   EC220478   EC222069   EC227504   EC230684   EC232617   EC240372   EC243008   EC244755   EC246339   EC247696   EC258707   EC264849   EC265559   EF207965   ES696620   ES696621   ES696624   FF579125   GH747629   GH748642   GH750725   GH750982   GH752244   GH752942   GH753033   GH753915   GH753959   GH754674   GH755053   GH755798   GH755812   GH756271   GH756334   GH758829   GH759142   GH759300   GH759608   GH760203   GH770427   GH771025   GH772237   GH773857   GH774139   GH775676   GH777772   GH777941   GH780015   GH780413   GH781094   GH782031   GH782609   GH789078   GH789152   GH789476   GH789961   GH791784   GH793247   GH793483   GH797074   GH798926   GH800259   GH801442   GH801709   GH802078   GH804054   GH805311   GH807056   GH809797   GH810105   GH810218   GH810705   GH810943   GH812191   GH814015   GH814599   GH818740   GH820010   GH820100   GH821337   GH823299   GH823893   GH825123   GH825595   GH826284   GH826522   GH826824   GH827927   GH829244   GH831960   GH836092   GH836539   GH837113   GH838022   GH839245   GH841039   GH842139   GH842716   GH843855   GH845455   GH846579   GH846796   GH847316   GH850697   GH850751   GH851174   GH851373   GH852164   GH854121   GH854440   GH856994   GH857660   GH859334   GH861311   GH862498   GH863333   GH863972   GH866674   GH867053   GH867368   GH868124   GH868530   GH870065   GH870320   GH871457   GH871661   GH872893   GH873174   GH873482   GH873789   GH874202   GH874835   GH875295   GH876352   GH876967   GH877150   GH877661   GH878218   GH880155   GH881611   GH882092   GH883370   GH884983   GH887349   GH887733   GH893594   GH894532   GH894573   GH895079   GH897828   GH898920   GH899616   GH903095   GH903185   GH908105   GH908714   GH908795   GH909107   GH909835   GH910294   GH913916   GH914014   GH914843   GH915641   GH917989   GH918793   GH919197   GH920460   GH920638   GH921189   GH922961   GH923251   GH924011   GH928973   GH930580   GH932681   GH933155   GH933436   GH934402   GH934905   GH934951   GH936331   GH936930   GH937605   GH937902   GH938050   GH939867   GH939877   GH940182   GU983915   M22335 AAA28993   M22341 AAA28993   S60740 AAD13917   X16825 CAA34725   X16826 CAA34726   X60392   X60393   X60394   X60649   X68393 CAA48459
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot	P08841
UniProtKB/TrEMBL
Mapped Features
Mapped Features have been reorganized, please see this article for details. Additional mapped features and mutations can be found on GBrowse or related reports. Type Symbol & Location Additional Notes References protein binding site FBsf0000160762 2R:20,196,765..20,196,781 bound_moiety=bin-XP evidence=experimental (Zaffran and Frasch, 2002, Bergman et al., 2004) protein binding site FBsf0000160763 2R:20,196,657..20,196,676 bound_moiety=bin-XP evidence=experimental (Bergman et al., 2004, Zaffran and Frasch, 2002) protein binding site FBsf0000160764 2R:20,196,791..20,196,805 bound_moiety=bap-XP evidence=experimental (Zaffran and Frasch, 2002, Bergman et al., 2004) protein binding site FBsf0000160765 2R:20,191,912..20,191,927 bound_moiety=tin-XP evidence=experimental (Kremser et al., 1999, Bergman et al., 2004) protein binding site FBsf0000160766 2R:20,191,949..20,191,964 bound_moiety=tin-XP evidence=experimental (Kremser et al., 1999, Bergman et al., 2004) protein binding site FBsf0000160767 2R:20,196,575..20,196,596 bound_moiety=Ubx-XP evidence=experimental (Bergman et al., 2004, Kremser et al., 1999) protein binding site FBsf0000160768 2R:20,196,791..20,196,808 bound_moiety=tin-XP evidence=experimental (Bergman et al., 2004, Kremser et al., 1999) protein binding site FBsf0000160769 2R:20,196,549..20,196,561 bound_moiety=Ubx-XP evidence=experimental (Kremser et al., 1999, Bergman et al., 2004)
External Data
Linkouts
Crossreferences
Expression Data
Transcript Expression
in situ Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference embryonic stage 12   mesoderm   (Kimble et al., 1989) embryonic stage 13   somatic mesoderm   (Kimble et al., 1989) head mesoderm   (Kimble et al., 1989) visceral mesoderm   (Kimble et al., 1989) embryonic stage 14   visceral mesoderm   (Leiss et al., 1988) somatic mesoderm   (Leiss et al., 1988) prepupal stage   wing disc   (Kimble et al., 1989) haltere disc   (Kimble et al., 1989) prothoracic leg disc   (Kimble et al., 1989) mesothoracic leg disc   (Kimble et al., 1989) eye-antennal disc   (Kimble et al., 1989) metathoracic leg disc   (Kimble et al., 1989) pupal stage | mid -- pupal stage | late   muscle system   (Kimble et al., 1989) pupal stage | mid   adult brain | presumptive   (Kimble et al., 1989) indirect flight muscle   (Kimble et al., 1989) optic lobe | presumptive   (Kimble et al., 1989) pupal stage   testis   (Kimble et al., 1989) oogenesis & pupal stage   ovary   (Kimble et al., 1989) adult stage | male   testis & cyst cell   (Kimble et al., 1989) oogenesis & adult stage | female   follicle cell   (Kimble et al., 1989) northern blot Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference embryonic stage 1 -- 13     (Bialojan et al., 1984) Comment:reference states 0-10 hr AEL embryonic stage 13 -- 16     (Natzle and McCarthy, 1984) Comment:reference states 9-15 hr AEL third instar larval stage     (Sobrier et al., 1989) pupal stage     (Sobrier et al., 1989, Bialojan et al., 1984) radioisotope in situ Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference embryonic stage 10   head mesoderm   (Gasch et al., 1988) embryonic stage 11 -- 17   mesoderm   (Gasch et al., 1988) embryonic stage 13   somatic mesoderm   (Gasch et al., 1988) visceral mesoderm   (Gasch et al., 1988)
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Notes
Polypeptide Expression
immunolocalization Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference embryonic stage 15 -- 16   Bolwig organ   (Dettman et al., 2001) Bolwig nerve   (Dettman et al., 2001) embryonic/larval dorsal vessel   (Dettman et al., 2001) antenno-maxillary complex   (Dettman et al., 2001) embryonic stage 17   mesoderm | posterior   (Serrano et al., 1997) scolopidial dendritic cap cell   (Dettman et al., 2001) mass spectroscopy Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference day 5 of adulthood & male -- day 7 of adulthood & male   spermatozoon   (Dorus et al., 2006)
Additional Descriptive Data
	βTub60D is expressed in the scolopidial dendritic cap cells of stage 17 embryos. Expression is not observed in these cells earlier, nor in the cap cells of third instar larvae. (Dettman et al., 2001) The expression pattern of βTub60D protein is excluded from en expressing cells. (Serrano et al., 1997)
Marker for
	somatic mesoderm
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Notes
High-Throughput Expression Data
or
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2010.10.13 for analysis details and data files for all genes. modENCODE Temporal Expression Data for FBgn0003888    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales max expr for FBgn0003888 Very low expression bin max Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max Summary of modENCODE Temporal Expression Profile: Temporal profile ranges from a peak of very high expression to a trough of moderate expression. Peak expression observed within 06-18 hour embryonic stages, during late larval stages, at stages throughout the pupal period. [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No expression (0 - 0)   Extremely low expression (1 - 10)   Very low expression (11 - 100)   Low expression (101 - 400)   Moderate expression (401 - 1400)   Moderately high expression (1401 - 4000)   High expression (4001 - 10000)   Very high expression (10001 - 100000)   Extremely high expression (100001 - 2000000) Linear, scaled to maximum FBgn0003888 expression level Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    421 embryo 02-04hr    1377 embryo 04-06hr    3408 embryo 06-08hr    19433 embryo 08-10hr    36158 embryo 10-12hr    77230 embryo 12-14hr    65062 embryo 14-16hr    54638 embryo 16-18hr    14550 embryo 18-20hr    5693 embryo 20-22hr    2704 embryo 22-24hr    2695 larva L1    2598 larva L2    3049 larva L3 12hr old    2450 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    3285 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    10450 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    18172 white prepupae new    25476 white prepupae 12hr    19340 white prepupae 24hr    34470 pupae 2d postWPP    56518 pupae 3d postWPP    14602 pupae 4d postWPP    5780 adult male 01day    3118 adult male 05day    4135 adult male 30day    4345 adult female 01day    3681 adult female 05day    3232 adult female 30day    3176 Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Very low expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr  (421) embryo 02-04hr  (1377) embryo 04-06hr  (3408) embryo 06-08hr  (19433) embryo 08-10hr  (36158) embryo 10-12hr  (77230) embryo 12-14hr  (65062) embryo 14-16hr  (54638) embryo 16-18hr  (14550) embryo 18-20hr  (5693) embryo 20-22hr  (2704) embryo 22-24hr  (2695) larva L1  (2598) larva L2  (3049) larva L3 12hr old  (2450) larva L3 puffstage 1-2  (3285) larva L3 puffstage 3-6  (10450) larva L3 puffstage 7-9  (18172) white prepupae new  (25476) white prepupae 12hr  (19340) white prepupae 24hr  (34470) pupae 2d postWPP  (56518) pupae 3d postWPP  (14602) pupae 4d postWPP  (5780) adult male 01day  (3118) adult male 05day  (4135) adult male 30day  (4345) adult female 01day  (3681) adult female 05day  (3232) adult female 30day  (3176) Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    421 embryo 02-04hr    1377 embryo 04-06hr  (3408) embryo 06-08hr  (19433) embryo 08-10hr  (36158) embryo 10-12hr  (77230) embryo 12-14hr  (65062) embryo 14-16hr  (54638) embryo 16-18hr  (14550) embryo 18-20hr  (5693) embryo 20-22hr  (2704) embryo 22-24hr  (2695) larva L1  (2598) larva L2  (3049) larva L3 12hr old  (2450) larva L3 puffstage 1-2  (3285) larva L3 puffstage 3-6  (10450) larva L3 puffstage 7-9  (18172) white prepupae new  (25476) white prepupae 12hr  (19340) white prepupae 24hr  (34470) pupae 2d postWPP  (56518) pupae 3d postWPP  (14602) pupae 4d postWPP  (5780) adult male 01day  (3118) adult male 05day  (4135) adult male 30day  (4345) adult female 01day  (3681) adult female 05day  (3232) adult female 30day  (3176) Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    421 embryo 02-04hr    1377 embryo 04-06hr    3408 embryo 06-08hr  (19433) embryo 08-10hr  (36158) embryo 10-12hr  (77230) embryo 12-14hr  (65062) embryo 14-16hr  (54638) embryo 16-18hr  (14550) embryo 18-20hr    5693 embryo 20-22hr    2704 embryo 22-24hr    2695 larva L1    2598 larva L2    3049 larva L3 12hr old    2450 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    3285 larva L3 puffstage 3-6  10450 larva L3 puffstage 7-9  (18172) white prepupae new  (25476) white prepupae 12hr  (19340) white prepupae 24hr  (34470) pupae 2d postWPP  (56518) pupae 3d postWPP  (14602) pupae 4d postWPP    5780 adult male 01day    3118 adult male 05day    4135 adult male 30day    4345 adult female 01day    3681 adult female 05day    3232 adult female 30day    3176 Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    421 embryo 02-04hr    1377 embryo 04-06hr    3408 embryo 06-08hr    19433 embryo 08-10hr    36158 embryo 10-12hr    77230 embryo 12-14hr    65062 embryo 14-16hr    54638 embryo 16-18hr    14550 embryo 18-20hr    5693 embryo 20-22hr    2704 embryo 22-24hr    2695 larva L1    2598 larva L2    3049 larva L3 12hr old    2450 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    3285 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    10450 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    18172 white prepupae new    25476 white prepupae 12hr    19340 white prepupae 24hr    34470 pupae 2d postWPP    56518 pupae 3d postWPP    14602 pupae 4d postWPP    5780 adult male 01day    3118 adult male 05day    4135 adult male 30day    4345 adult female 01day    3681 adult female 05day    3232 adult female 30day    3176 Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum FBgn0003888 expression level Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    421 embryo 02-04hr    1377 embryo 04-06hr    3408 embryo 06-08hr    19433 embryo 08-10hr    36158 embryo 10-12hr    77230 embryo 12-14hr    65062 embryo 14-16hr    54638 embryo 16-18hr    14550 embryo 18-20hr    5693 embryo 20-22hr    2704 embryo 22-24hr    2695 larva L1    2598 larva L2    3049 larva L3 12hr old    2450 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    3285 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    10450 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    18172 white prepupae new    25476 white prepupae 12hr    19340 white prepupae 24hr    34470 pupae 2d postWPP    56518 pupae 3d postWPP    14602 pupae 4d postWPP    5780 adult male 01day    3118 adult male 05day    4135 adult male 30day    4345 adult female 01day    3681 adult female 05day    3232 adult female 30day    3176 Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  log, scaled to Very low expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr  (421) embryo 02-04hr  (1377) embryo 04-06hr  (3408) embryo 06-08hr  (19433) embryo 08-10hr  (36158) embryo 10-12hr  (77230) embryo 12-14hr  (65062) embryo 14-16hr  (54638) embryo 16-18hr  (14550) embryo 18-20hr  (5693) embryo 20-22hr  (2704) embryo 22-24hr  (2695) larva L1  (2598) larva L2  (3049) larva L3 12hr old  (2450) larva L3 puffstage 1-2  (3285) larva L3 puffstage 3-6  (10450) larva L3 puffstage 7-9  (18172) white prepupae new  (25476) white prepupae 12hr  (19340) white prepupae 24hr  (34470) pupae 2d postWPP  (56518) pupae 3d postWPP  (14602) pupae 4d postWPP  (5780) adult male 01day  (3118) adult male 05day  (4135) adult male 30day  (4345) adult female 01day  (3681) adult female 05day  (3232) adult female 30day  (3176) Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low  log, scaled to Moderate expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    421 embryo 02-04hr    1377 embryo 04-06hr  (3408) embryo 06-08hr  (19433) embryo 08-10hr  (36158) embryo 10-12hr  (77230) embryo 12-14hr  (65062) embryo 14-16hr  (54638) embryo 16-18hr  (14550) embryo 18-20hr  (5693) embryo 20-22hr  (2704) embryo 22-24hr  (2695) larva L1  (2598) larva L2  (3049) larva L3 12hr old  2450 larva L3 puffstage 1-2  (3285) larva L3 puffstage 3-6  (10450) larva L3 puffstage 7-9  (18172) white prepupae new  (25476) white prepupae 12hr  (19340) white prepupae 24hr  (34470) pupae 2d postWPP  (56518) pupae 3d postWPP  (14602) pupae 4d postWPP  (5780) adult male 01day  (3118) adult male 05day  (4135) adult male 30day  (4345) adult female 01day  (3681) adult female 05day  (3232) adult female 30day  (3176) Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    421 embryo 02-04hr    1377 embryo 04-06hr    3408 embryo 06-08hr  19433 embryo 08-10hr  (36158) embryo 10-12hr  (77230) embryo 12-14hr  (65062) embryo 14-16hr  (54638) embryo 16-18hr  14550 embryo 18-20hr    5693 embryo 20-22hr    2704 embryo 22-24hr    2695 larva L1    2598 larva L2    3049 larva L3 12hr old    2450 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    3285 larva L3 puffstage 3-6  10450 larva L3 puffstage 7-9  18172 white prepupae new  (25476) white prepupae 12hr  19340 white prepupae 24hr  (34470) pupae 2d postWPP  (56518) pupae 3d postWPP  14602 pupae 4d postWPP    5780 adult male 01day    3118 adult male 05day    4135 adult male 30day    4345 adult female 01day    3681 adult female 05day    3232 adult female 30day    3176 Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    421 embryo 02-04hr    1377 embryo 04-06hr    3408 embryo 06-08hr    19433 embryo 08-10hr    36158 embryo 10-12hr    77230 embryo 12-14hr    65062 embryo 14-16hr    54638 embryo 16-18hr    14550 embryo 18-20hr    5693 embryo 20-22hr    2704 embryo 22-24hr    2695 larva L1    2598 larva L2    3049 larva L3 12hr old    2450 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    3285 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    10450 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    18172 white prepupae new    25476 white prepupae 12hr    19340 white prepupae 24hr    34470 pupae 2d postWPP    56518 pupae 3d postWPP    14602 pupae 4d postWPP    5780 adult male 01day    3118 adult male 05day    4135 adult male 30day    4345 adult female 01day    3681 adult female 05day    3232 adult female 30day    3176 Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr     embryo 02-04hr     embryo 04-06hr     embryo 06-08hr     embryo 08-10hr     embryo 10-12hr     embryo 12-14hr     embryo 14-16hr     embryo 16-18hr     embryo 18-20hr     embryo 20-22hr     embryo 22-24hr     larva L1     larva L2     larva L3 12hr old     larva L3 puffstage 1-2     larva L3 puffstage 3-6     larva L3 puffstage 7-9     white prepupae new     white prepupae 12hr     white prepupae 24hr     pupae 2d postWPP     pupae 3d postWPP     pupae 4d postWPP     adult male 01day     adult male 05day     adult male 30day     adult female 01day     adult female 05day     adult female 30day     FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data for FBgn0003888    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap Back-to-back    Scales max expr for FBgn0003888 Moderate expression bin max High level expression bin max Very high expression bin max Summary of FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data: Many larval and adult organs/tissues expressed at moderate or high levels. Expression at high levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: larval/adult Malpighian tubules, larval fat body, adult testis. Expression at moderate levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult head, larval central nervous system, larval/adult midgut, larval/adult hindgut, adult heart, adult fat body, larval trachea, adult ovary, larval/adult carcass. [download data (TSV)] Guide to FlyAtlas expression level colors   No expression (0 - 9.999)   Low expression (10 - 99.999)   Moderate expression (100 - 499.999)   High level expression (500 - 999.999)   Very high expression (1000 - 25000) Linear, scaled to maximum FBgn0003888 expression level Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    330.175 Larval Midgut    338 Larval Hindgut    177.8 Larval Malpighian Tubules    3380.1 Larval Fat Body    1098 Larval Salivary Gland    52.9 Larval Trachea    257.3 Larval Carcass    414.625 Adult Head    119.9 Adult Eye    28.775 Adult Brain    37.3 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    27.9 Adult Crop    53 Adult Midgut    466 Adult Hindgut    163.2 Adult Malpighian Tubules    698.8 Adult Fat Body    180.2 Adult Salivary Gland    88.1 Adult Heart    388.4 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    58.5 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    86.6 Adult Ovary    141.6 Adult Testis    518.7 Adult Male Accessory Gland    87 Adult Carcass    219.4 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    330.175 Larval Midgut    338 Larval Hindgut    177.8 Larval Malpighian Tubules  (3380.1) Larval Fat Body  (1098) Larval Salivary Gland    52.9 Larval Trachea    257.3 Larval Carcass    414.625 Adult Head    119.9 Adult Eye    28.775 Adult Brain    37.3 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    27.9 Adult Crop    53 Adult Midgut    466 Adult Hindgut    163.2 Adult Malpighian Tubules  (698.8) Adult Fat Body    180.2 Adult Salivary Gland    88.1 Adult Heart    388.4 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    58.5 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    86.6 Adult Ovary    141.6 Adult Testis  518.7 Adult Male Accessory Gland    87 Adult Carcass    219.4 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High  Linear, scaled to High level expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    330.175 Larval Midgut    338 Larval Hindgut    177.8 Larval Malpighian Tubules  (3380.1) Larval Fat Body  (1098) Larval Salivary Gland    52.9 Larval Trachea    257.3 Larval Carcass    414.625 Adult Head    119.9 Adult Eye    28.775 Adult Brain    37.3 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    27.9 Adult Crop    53 Adult Midgut    466 Adult Hindgut    163.2 Adult Malpighian Tubules    698.8 Adult Fat Body    180.2 Adult Salivary Gland    88.1 Adult Heart    388.4 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    58.5 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    86.6 Adult Ovary    141.6 Adult Testis    518.7 Adult Male Accessory Gland    87 Adult Carcass    219.4 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Very high expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    330.175 Larval Midgut    338 Larval Hindgut    177.8 Larval Malpighian Tubules    3380.1 Larval Fat Body    1098 Larval Salivary Gland    52.9 Larval Trachea    257.3 Larval Carcass    414.625 Adult Head    119.9 Adult Eye    28.775 Adult Brain    37.3 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    27.9 Adult Crop    53 Adult Midgut    466 Adult Hindgut    163.2 Adult Malpighian Tubules    698.8 Adult Fat Body    180.2 Adult Salivary Gland    88.1 Adult Heart    388.4 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    58.5 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    86.6 Adult Ovary    141.6 Adult Testis    518.7 Adult Male Accessory Gland    87 Adult Carcass    219.4 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  log, scaled to maximum FBgn0003888 expression level Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    330.175 Larval Midgut    338 Larval Hindgut    177.8 Larval Malpighian Tubules    3380.1 Larval Fat Body    1098 Larval Salivary Gland    52.9 Larval Trachea    257.3 Larval Carcass    414.625 Adult Head    119.9 Adult Eye    28.775 Adult Brain    37.3 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    27.9 Adult Crop    53 Adult Midgut    466 Adult Hindgut    163.2 Adult Malpighian Tubules    698.8 Adult Fat Body    180.2 Adult Salivary Gland    88.1 Adult Heart    388.4 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    58.5 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    86.6 Adult Ovary    141.6 Adult Testis    518.7 Adult Male Accessory Gland    87 Adult Carcass    219.4 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  log, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    330.175 Larval Midgut    338 Larval Hindgut    177.8 Larval Malpighian Tubules  (3380.1) Larval Fat Body  (1098) Larval Salivary Gland    52.9 Larval Trachea    257.3 Larval Carcass    414.625 Adult Head    119.9 Adult Eye    28.775 Adult Brain    37.3 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    27.9 Adult Crop    53 Adult Midgut    466 Adult Hindgut    163.2 Adult Malpighian Tubules  698.8 Adult Fat Body    180.2 Adult Salivary Gland    88.1 Adult Heart    388.4 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    58.5 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    86.6 Adult Ovary    141.6 Adult Testis  518.7 Adult Male Accessory Gland    87 Adult Carcass    219.4 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High  log, scaled to High level expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    330.175 Larval Midgut    338 Larval Hindgut    177.8 Larval Malpighian Tubules  (3380.1) Larval Fat Body  1098 Larval Salivary Gland    52.9 Larval Trachea    257.3 Larval Carcass    414.625 Adult Head    119.9 Adult Eye    28.775 Adult Brain    37.3 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    27.9 Adult Crop    53 Adult Midgut    466 Adult Hindgut    163.2 Adult Malpighian Tubules    698.8 Adult Fat Body    180.2 Adult Salivary Gland    88.1 Adult Heart    388.4 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    58.5 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    86.6 Adult Ovary    141.6 Adult Testis    518.7 Adult Male Accessory Gland    87 Adult Carcass    219.4 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  log, scaled to Very high expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    330.175 Larval Midgut    338 Larval Hindgut    177.8 Larval Malpighian Tubules    3380.1 Larval Fat Body    1098 Larval Salivary Gland    52.9 Larval Trachea    257.3 Larval Carcass    414.625 Adult Head    119.9 Adult Eye    28.775 Adult Brain    37.3 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    27.9 Adult Crop    53 Adult Midgut    466 Adult Hindgut    163.2 Adult Malpighian Tubules    698.8 Adult Fat Body    180.2 Adult Salivary Gland    88.1 Adult Heart    388.4 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    58.5 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    86.6 Adult Ovary    141.6 Adult Testis    518.7 Adult Male Accessory Gland    87 Adult Carcass    219.4 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  Heatmap Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System     Larval Midgut     Larval Hindgut     Larval Malpighian Tubules     Larval Fat Body     Larval Salivary Gland     Larval Trachea     Larval Carcass     Adult Head     Adult Eye     Adult Brain     Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion     Adult Crop     Adult Midgut     Adult Hindgut     Adult Malpighian Tubules     Adult Fat Body     Adult Salivary Gland     Adult Heart     Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca     Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca     Adult Ovary     Adult Testis     Adult Male Accessory Gland     Adult Carcass     FlyAtlas Organ/Tissue Expression, larval vs. adult Larval Expression Level Tissue Adult Expression Level   NA  Head    119.9   NA  Eye    28.775   NA  Brain    37.3   330.175  Central Nervous System    NA   NA  Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    27.9   NA  Crop    53   338  Midgut    466   177.8  Hindgut    163.2   3380.1  Malpighian Tubules    698.8   1098  Fat Body    180.2   52.9  Salivary Gland    88.1   NA  Heart    388.4   257.3  Trachea    NA   NA  VirginFemale Spermatheca    58.5   NA  InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    86.6   NA  Ovary    141.6   NA  Testis    518.7   NA  Male Accessory Gland    87   414.625  Carcass    219.4 modENCODE Temporal Expression Data (Graveley et al., 2011) FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data (Chintapalli et al., 2007)
Expression Clusters
	A cluster of genes with similar mRNA expression dynamics across development. (The modENCODE Consortium, 2010) mE2_34_mRNA_expression_cluster_11
External Data & Images
Linkouts	FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies • FBgn0003888 FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array • CG3401-RA FlyExpress - Embryonic expression images (BDGP data) • Show all FlyExpress processed images for βTub60D Stages(s) 1-3 Stages(s) 4-6 Stages(s) 9-10 Stages(s) 11-12 Stages(s) 13-16
Alleles & Phenotypes
Summary of Allele Phenotypes
Lethality Allele lethal, with Scer\GAL41407 βTub60DGD10956 lethal | larval stage | recessive βTub60D1 βTub60D2 βTub60D5 βTub60D6 βTub60D7 βTub60D8 βTub60D9 βTub60D10 βTub60D11 βTub60Dsk lethal | pharate adult stage (with βTub60D2) βTub60DP126 lethal | pharate adult stage (with βTub60DP126) βTub60D2 lethal | pupal stage | recessive βTub60D1 βTub60D5 βTub60Dsk lethal | recessive βTub60D1 βTub60D2 βTub60D3 βTub60D4 βTub60D5 βTub60D6 βTub60D7 βTub60D8 βTub60D9 βTub60D10 βTub60D11 βTub60DP126 semi-lethal (with Df(2R)Px2) βTub60DP126 semi-lethal | pupal stage, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237 βTub60DGD10956 semi-lethal | recessive βTub60D4 semi-viable (with βTub60D1) βTub60D4 semi-viable (with βTub60D4) βTub60D1 viable (with βTub60D1) βTub60D4 βTub60DP126 βTub60Dsk viable (with βTub60D3) βTub60DP126 viable (with βTub60D4) βTub60D1 βTub60D10 βTub60DP126 βTub60Dsk viable (with βTub60D5) βTub60DP126 βTub60Dsk viable (with βTub60D6) βTub60DP126 viable (with βTub60D8) βTub60DP126 viable (with βTub60D9) βTub60DP126 viable (with βTub60D10) βTub60D4 βTub60DP126 viable (with βTub60D11) βTub60DP126 viable (with βTub60DP126) βTub60D1 βTub60D3 βTub60D4 βTub60D5 βTub60D6 βTub60D8 βTub60D9 βTub60D10 βTub60D11 βTub60Dsk viable (with βTub60Dsk) βTub60D1 βTub60D4 βTub60D5 βTub60DP126 Sterility Allele fertile βTub60DβTub85D.PK male fertile βTub60DβTub85D.PH male sterile | recessive βTub60D4 sterile (with Df(2R)Px2) βTub60DP126 sterile (with βTub60D1) βTub60D4 βTub60DP126 βTub60Dsk sterile (with βTub60D3) βTub60DP126 sterile (with βTub60D4) βTub60D1 βTub60D10 βTub60DP126 βTub60Dsk sterile (with βTub60D5) βTub60DP126 sterile (with βTub60D6) βTub60DP126 sterile (with βTub60D8) βTub60DP126 sterile (with βTub60D9) βTub60DP126 sterile (with βTub60D10) βTub60D4 βTub60DP126 sterile (with βTub60D11) βTub60DP126 sterile (with βTub60DP126) βTub60D1 βTub60D3 βTub60D4 βTub60D5 βTub60D6 βTub60D8 βTub60D9 βTub60D10 βTub60D11 βTub60Dsk sterile (with βTub60Dsk) βTub60D1 βTub60D4 βTub60DP126 sterile | recessive βTub60D7 Other Phenotypes Allele flightless βTub60D1 βTub60D4 βTub60D5 flightless (with βTub60D5) βTub60Dsk flightless (with βTub60Dsk) βTub60D5 neuroanatomy defective | larval stage, with Scer\GAL41407 βTub60DGD10956 phototaxis behavior defective (with Df(2R)Px2) βTub60D2 βTub60D10 βTub60Dsk phototaxis behavior defective | recessive βTub60D2 βTub60D10 βTub60Dsk visible, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237 βTub60DGD10956 visible | recessive βTub60D4 Phenotype manifest in Allele axoneme βTub60DβTub85D.PH chordotonal organ & microtubule (with Df(2R)Px2) βTub60D2 embryonic/larval midgut | embryonic stage βTub60D2 embryonic/larval neuroblast | larval stage, with Scer\GAL41407 βTub60DGD10956 eye (with βTub60D1) βTub60D4 eye (with βTub60D4) βTub60D1 ganglion mother cell | larval stage, with Scer\GAL41407 βTub60DGD10956 lamina (with βTub60D1) βTub60D4 lamina (with βTub60D4) βTub60D1 medulla & axon (with βTub60D1) βTub60D4 medulla & axon (with βTub60D4) βTub60D1 meiotic cell cycle | male βTub60DβTub85D.PH mesothoracic tergum, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237 βTub60DGD10956 optic lobe (with βTub60D1) βTub60D4 optic lobe (with βTub60D4) βTub60D1 photoreceptor cell R7 & axon (with βTub60D1) βTub60D4 photoreceptor cell R7 & axon (with βTub60D4) βTub60D1 photoreceptor cell R8 & axon (with βTub60D1) βTub60D4 photoreceptor cell R8 & axon (with βTub60D4) βTub60D1 rhabdomere (with βTub60D1) βTub60D4 rhabdomere (with βTub60D4) βTub60D1 tormogen cell, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237 βTub60DGD10956 trichogen cell, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237 βTub60DGD10956
Classical Alleles ( 14 )
For All Classical Alleles Show
Allele of βTub60D Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion βTub60D2 hypomorphic allele - genetic evidence ethyl methanesulfonate 2 Yes βTub60D10 hypomorphic allele - genetic evidence ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- βTub60D11 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- βTub60D1 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- βTub60D3 hypomorphic allele - genetic evidence ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- βTub60D4 hypomorphic allele - genetic evidence ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- βTub60D5 hypomorphic allele - genetic evidence ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- βTub60D6 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- βTub60D7 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- βTub60D8 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- βTub60D9 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- βTub60DA1-2-26 P-element activity 0 Yes βTub60DP126 P-element activity 0 Yes βTub60Dsk hypomorphic allele - genetic evidence gamma ray 0 --
Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs ( 9 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Allele of βTub60D Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion βTub60DGD10956 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 2 Yes βTub60DKK110523 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 1 Yes βTub60DKK112384 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 1 Yes βTub60DI-1.1.T:Ecol\CAT in vitro construct - deletion 0 Yes βTub60DI-4.5.T:Ecol\CAT in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - coding region fusion 0 Yes βTub60DUbi-p63E.PH in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes βTub60Dβ3 in vitro construct - genomic fragment 0 Yes βTub60DβTub85D.PH in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct 0 Yes βTub60DβTub85D.PK in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes
Aneuploid Aberrations
Disrupted in	Df(2R)Exel6082 (Ryder, 2004.4.26) Df(2R)Exel6281 (Ryder, 2004.4.26) Df(2R)Px2 (Dettman et al., 2001, Kimble et al., 1990, Dettman et al., 1996)
Not disrupted in	In(2LR)Px4 (Kimble et al., 1990)
Transgenic Constructs & Insertions
Transgenic Constructs
	Type of construct Name Expression data reporter construct P{AI15.2} No P{WHL4} No P{β3/lac-2.3} No P{β3/lac-3.2} No P{β3/lac-6.0} No P{β3/lac-6.0I} No P{β3/lac-6(id-2.3/-0.23)} No P{β3/lac-6(id-4.7/-3.8)} No P{β3/lac-6(id-4.7/-1423)} No P{β3/lac333.MutTin-1460} No P{β3/lac333} No P{β3/lac-1144} No P{β3/lac-1144MEF} No P{β3/lac-1212} No P{β3/lac-1212MEF} No P{β3/lac-1423(Δ-1247/-1144)} No P{β3/lac-1423} No P{β3/lac-1423mutMEF1} No P{β3/lac-1565} No P{β3/lac-1685.MutTin-1425} No P{β3/lac-1685.MutTin-1460} No P{β3/lac-1685} No P{βTub60D-0.23} No P{βTub60D-0.23I} No P{βTub60D-1} No P{βTub60D-2D} No P{βTub60D-2U} No P{βTub60D-2UR} No P{βTub60D-3} No P{βTub60D-4} No P{βTub60D-5} No P{βTub60D-6} No P{βTub60D-7} No P{βTub60D-8} No P{βTub60D-9} No P{βTub60D-10} No P{βTub60D-11} No P{βTub60D-12} No P{βTub60D-13} No P{βTub60D-14} No P{βTub60D-14-Ol.7} No P{βTub60D-14-Δ1,2} No P{βTub60D-14-Δ1,3,6} No P{βTub60D-14-Δ3,4,8} No P{βTub60D-14-Δ3,6} No P{βTub60D-14-Δ3} No P{βTub60D-14-Δ4} No P{βTub60D-14-Δ5,8} No P{βTub60D-14-Δ5} No P{βTub60D-14-Δ6} No P{βTub60D-14-Δ7} No P{βTub60D-14-Δ8} No P{βTub60D-14-ΔUBX1} No P{βTub60D-14-ΔUBX1+2} No P{βTub60D-14-ΔUBX2} No P{βTub60D-15} No P{βTub60D-16} No P{βTub60D-17.bapmt} No P{βTub60D-17.bin-I+II-bapmt} No P{βTub60D-17.bin-I+IImt} No P{βTub60D-17.bin-IImt} No P{βTub60D-17.bin-Imt} No P{βTub60D-17} No characterization construct P{Ubi-βTub60D.H} NA P{β2-β3} NA P{β2β3*-Neo} NA P{β2β3*-pW8} NA P{β2β3-Neo} NA P{β2β3-pW8} NA P{β3*} NA P{β3+3'UTR} NA P{β3-pW8} NA P{β3β2C-CaSpeR} NA P{β3β2C-pW8} NA
Insertions
	Type of insertions Name Expression data insertion of enhancer trap P{lacW}βTub60DA1-2-26 No P{lacW}βTub60DP126 No
Gene Ontology: Function, Process & Cellular Component ( 16 unique terms )
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence ( 6 terms )
Molecular Function ( 0 terms)
Biological Process
CV term Evidence References
axon guidance inferred from mutant phenotype (Hoyle et al., 2000) axonogenesis inferred from mutant phenotype (Hoyle et al., 2000) larval behavior inferred from mutant phenotype (Dettman et al., 2001) neurogenesis inferred from mutant phenotype (Neumüller et al., 2011) response to light stimulus inferred from mutant phenotype (Dettman et al., 2001)
Cellular Component
CV term Evidence References
microtubule inferred from direct assay (Hoyle et al., 2000)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions ( 11 terms )
Molecular Function
CV term Evidence References
GTPase activity inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR008280, InterPro:IPR018316 (FlyBase Curators et al., 2004-) GTP binding inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR000217, InterPro:IPR002453, InterPro:IPR008280, InterPro:IPR017975, InterPro:IPR018316 (FlyBase Curators et al., 2004-) non-traceable author statement (Swiss-Prot Project Members, 1988.11.1) structural constituent of cytoskeleton inferred from sequence or structural similarity (Goldstein and Gunawardena, 2000, Goldstein and Gunawardena, 2000) structural molecule activity inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR002453 (FlyBase Curators et al., 2004-)
Biological Process
CV term Evidence References
GTP catabolic process inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR008280, InterPro:IPR018316 (FlyBase Curators et al., 2004-) heart development non-traceable author statement (Cripps and Olson, 2002) microtubule-based movement inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR002453 (FlyBase Curators et al., 2004-) microtubule-based process inferred from sequence or structural similarity (Goldstein and Gunawardena, 2000) protein polymerization inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR003008, InterPro:IPR008280, InterPro:IPR018316 (FlyBase Curators et al., 2004-)
Cellular Component
CV term Evidence References
microtubule inferred from sequence or structural similarity (Goldstein and Gunawardena, 2000, Goldstein and Gunawardena, 2000) non-traceable author statement (Swiss-Prot Project Members, 1988.11.1) tubulin complex non-traceable author statement (Swiss-Prot Project Members, 1988.11.1)
Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene
	nuclear_gene   protein_coding_gene
Interactions & Pathways
Summary of Physical Interactions
Protein-protein
Interacting group Assay References
Summary of Genetic Interactions
Interacts with	Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions βTub60D allele Gene References
External Data
Linkouts	BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions • 63462 DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions. • FBgn0003888 InterologFinder Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets. • 37888
Orthologs
Genome-wide drosophilid orthologs	Dana\GF11391 Dere\GG22960 Dgri\GH20987 Dmoj\GI21321 Dpse\GA17427 Dsec\GM11852 Dvir\GJ21592 Dwil\GK22203 Dyak\GE14397
Curated drosophilid orthologs	Daur\βTub60D   Dbio\βTub60D   Dbir\βTub60D   Ddip\βTub60D   Dhyd\βTub60D   Djam\βTub60D   Dkik\βTub60D   Dpse\GA17427   Dqua\βTub60D   Dseg\βTub60D   Dser\βTub60D   Dsim\βTub60D   Dsub\β3-Tub (Cuenca et al., 1998) Dtra\βTub60D   Dvir\βTub60D   Dvul\βTub60D
Linkouts	InParanoid A subset of ortholog calls from InParanoid. • AAEL002848-PA Aedes aegypti (mosquito) AGAP010510-PA Anopheles gambiae (mosquito) XP_394469.1 Apis mellifera (honey bee) CMN263C Cyanidioschyzon merolae (red alga) CPIJ003263 Culex pipens (mosquito) XP_001603460.1 Nasonia vitripennis (wasp) XP_967348.1 Tribolium castaneum (red flour beetle) OrthoDB (Arthropod subset) The hierarchical catalog of eukaryotic orthologs. • PB19306 NV11375 LH14610 FBgn0232005 FBgn0224188 FBgn0208711 FBgn0166793 FBgn0077440 FBgn0144051 FBgn0128449 FBgn0115117 FBgn0088431 CPIJ003263 ACYPI001007 GB11920 AGAP010510 AAEL002848 PHUM037830 GLEAN_09590
Stocks & Reagents
Stocks Listed in FlyBase ( 6 )
Bloomington	2 w*; βTub60D2 KrIf-1/CyO
Kyoto	105667 w*; βTub60D2 KrIf-1/CyO
VDRC	v102052 P{KK110523}VIE-260B v104937 P{KK112384}VIE-260B v34606 w1118; P{GD10956}v34606 v34607 w1118; P{GD10956}v34607
Genomic Clones ( 1 )
	BACR04P18 Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete
cDNA Clones ( 260 )
	Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see GBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.
cDNA Clones, Fully Sequenced
BDGP DGC clones	GH02051 GH12877 LD43681 LP10436 RE53159
Other clones	DPiM_GH02051 yak-em_betaTub56D
cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
BDGP DGC clones	AT19813 GH20769 GH22557 GH24389 GM19458 LD13310 LP03017 LP13745 RE03048 RE11476 RE15030 RE15126 RE15813 RE17761 RE25572 RE26063 RE28486 RE32509 RE33589 RE37101 RE40315 RE42035 RE43364 RE43459 RE44373 RE47083 RE48823 RE49879 RE50407 RE52751 RE60567 RE63342 RE68416 RE68545 RE69520 RE69852 RE71439 RE72943 SD13912 SD15210 SD26538 SD27843
Other clones	13008 18573 28903 30386 30452 33730 38070 60999 71514 73192 81796 176462 214409.71 523287 527763 Batuco_16_A07 CK01.5C.D8 CK01.7B.E2 CK01.89C.G6 CK01.120C.A8 CK01.129C.B10 CK01.170C.D8 EC32250 EK008945 EK070345 EK092025 EK095839 EK104734 EK114039 EK114805 EK130512 EK146621 EK199348 EK201914 EK215215 EK281215 EN03754 EP09613 FGM212H07 FGM218G05 FGM310A05 RP003006113 RP003007130 RP003014821 RP003028996 RP003034815 RP003041768 RP003044109 RP003048207 RP003053610 RP003058692 RP003066479 RP003068548 RP003077688 RP003082984 RP003086120 RP003086193 RP003090135 RP003092341 RP003094630 RP003098773 RP003098906 RP003101455 RP003111505 RP003121633 RP003122874 RP003125977 RP003128915 RP003136580 RP003136843 RP003139555 RP003141903 RP003147954 RP003152728 RP003153713 RP003156174 RP003158335 RP003163883 RP003164517 RP003167284 RP003170059 RP003170983 RP003177256 RP003183052 RP003189006 RP003193496 RP003200520 RP003200690 RP003203680 RP003208941 RP003213286 RP003214238 RP003217969 RP003218303 RP003223064 RP003223573 RP003224114 RP003224426 RP003224635 RP003231209 RP003234396 RP003238561 RP003238891 RP003239629 RP003240165 RP003240763 RP003242958 RP003248366 RP003249401 RP003259447 RP003264431 RP003269033 RP003269559 RP003270844 RP003273111 RP003274690 RP003278839 RP003279162 RP003279833 RP003284303 RP003284377 RP003284746 RP003286152 RP003293592 RP003297714 RP003303064 RP003303733 RP003304827 RP003306693 RP003307450 RP003308267 RP003310392 RP003310884 RP003311081 RP003313677 RP003314565 RP003315346 RP003317960 RP003318018 RP003325657 RP003328372 RP003330642 RP003333518 RP003334410 RP003334829 RP003337485 RP003339182 RP003339328 RP003342512 RP003349220 RP003353932 RP003354800 RP003364614 RP003380416 RP003387110 RP003403565 RP003425611 RP003435039 RP003435380 RP003451847 RP003459661 RP003466778 RP003466855 RP003467256 RP003468370 RP003475373 RP003483273 RP003484318 RP003489575 RP003491297 RP003498639 RP003503559 RP003503868 RP003506995 RP003511092 RP003515393 RP003516734 RP003525161 RP003525747 RP003526936 RP003529713 RP003536702 RP003539245 RP003544468 RP003552036 RP003554996 RP003559464 RP003559543 RP003571605 RP003574224 RP003577424 RP003582136 RP003587863 RP003606299 RP003607645 RP003609929 RP003616612 RP003618533 RP003624943 RP003627975 RP003630514 RP003633519 RP003636608 RP003638010 RP003640354 RP003641445 RP003641572 RP003642390 RP003644704 RP003654566 RP003664551
RNAi & Array Information
Linkouts	DRSC - Results from RNAi screens. • FBgn0003888 GenomeRNAi - GenomeRNAi – A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents • 37888
Antibody Information
Other Information
Discoverer
Etymology
Identification
Relationship to Other Genes
Source for database identity of	Source for identity of: βTub60D CG3401 (Wang, 1999.11)
Source for database merge of
Additional comments
Other Comments
	bap and bin are required for activation of βTub60D in the visceral mesoderm. (Zaffran and Frasch, 2002) The expression of βTub60D in several embryonic sense organs makes sense of the behavioral defects of pre-lethal βTub60D mutant larvae. (Dettman et al., 2001) The vm1 enhancer of the βTub60D gene contains a complex array of elements that are involved in transactivation by a combination of tissue- and position- specific factors including tin and Ubx. (Kremser et al., 1999) βTub60D is directly repressed by en protein. The first intron of the βTub60D locus contains several en protein binding sites. (Serrano et al., 1997) Myogenesis and sarcomere integrity are normal in mutant larvae and embryos, somatic muscle functions normally. Midgut morphology and gut function are defective, but visceral muscle functions normally. (Dettman et al., 1996) βTub60D is the major isoform in embryonic muscle of D.melanogaster and muscle expression of the homolog is conserved in D.simulans and D.virilis. (Dettman et al., 1996) Ecdysteroid-regulated gene. (Andres et al., 1993) βTub60D gene in Kc cells has the same structure as the gene in intact Drosophila. The gene encodes two isoforms with one amino acid difference. Gene expression is regulated by the steroid hormone 20-OHE in a time and hormonal concentration-dependent fashion, without requirement of protein synthesis. (Chapel et al., 1993) Nucleotide excision repair (NER) of ultraviolet (UV) light induced cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPDs) are assayed in Kc cells that respond to steroid hormone 20-hydroxyecdysone treatment by induction of βTub60D expression, βTub60D is not expressed under standard culture conditions. (de Cock et al., 1993) A 360bp intronic regulatory fragment that carries several ecdysone responsive elements has been identified. (Tourmente et al., 1993) Analysis of the regulatory capacities of the intron in βTub60D revealed 6 redundant cis-acting elements, which act at different developmental stages in the same mesodermal derivatives, and that the visceral mesoderm has anterior-posterior graded early action of an enhancer regulator. The pattern of βTub60D expression is sensitive to Ubx: ectopic Ubx expression causes activity of enhancer in entire visceral mesoderm. (Hinz et al., 1992) βTub60D can support only a subset of the multiple functions normally performed by βTub85D. Coexpression of βTub60D and βTub85D in the male germ line allows spindles and all classes of cytoplasmic microtubules to assemble and function normally. However when βTub60D exceeds 20% of the total testis β-tubulin pool it acts in a dominant way to disrupt normal axoneme assembly. (Hoyle and Raff, 1990) βTub60D is essential for viability and fertility. (Kimble et al., 1990) The first intron of the βTub60D carries a tissue specific enhancer element that is required for expression in the visceral muscles that can also efficiently function positioned downstream. (Gasch et al., 1989) The expression of βTub60D is accompanied by a coordinate transient increase in the level of synthesis of the embryonic α-tubulins, thereby maintaining an approximately equimolar synthesis of α and β-tubulins throughout embryogenesis. (Raff et al., 1982)
External Crossreferences & Linkouts
Sequence Crossreferences
	RefSeq (Transcripts) • NM_079118 RefSeq (Proteins) • NP_523842 DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank • AAA28993 AAD13917 AAF47193 AAV36876 BI367398 BT015991 CAA34725 CAA34726 CAA48459 M22335 M22341 S60740 X16825 X16826 X60392 X60393 X60394 X60649 X68393 Entrez Gene - A searchable database of RefSeq genes. • 37888 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot • P08841
Other Crossreferences
	InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites • Tubulin (IPR000217) Beta tubulin (IPR002453) Tubulin/FtsZ, GTPase domain (IPR003008) Tubulin/FtsZ, C-terminal (IPR008280) Tubulin, conserved site (IPR017975) Tubulin/FtsZ, 2-layer sandwich domain (IPR018316) Beta tubulin, autoregulation binding site (IPR013838) Tubulin, C-terminal (IPR023123)
Linkouts
	BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions • 63462 DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions. • FBgn0003888 DRSC - Results from RNAi screens. • FBgn0003888 FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies • FBgn0003888 FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array • CG3401-RA FlyMine - Integrated genomics database for Drosophila, Anopheles, and C.elegans • FBgn0003888 GenomeRNAi - GenomeRNAi – A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents • 37888 InParanoid A subset of ortholog calls from InParanoid. • AAEL002848-PA Aedes aegypti (mosquito) AGAP010510-PA Anopheles gambiae (mosquito) XP_394469.1 Apis mellifera (honey bee) CMN263C Cyanidioschyzon merolae (red alga) CPIJ003263 Culex pipens (mosquito) XP_001603460.1 Nasonia vitripennis (wasp) XP_967348.1 Tribolium castaneum (red flour beetle) Interactive Fly - A cyberspace guide to Drosophila development and metazoan evolution • /cytoskel/tubet3-1.htm InterologFinder Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets. • 37888 modMine - Data generated by the modENCODE project. • FBgn0003888 OrthoDB (Arthropod subset) The hierarchical catalog of eukaryotic orthologs. • PB19306 NV11375 LH14610 FBgn0232005 FBgn0224188 FBgn0208711 FBgn0166793 FBgn0077440 FBgn0144051 FBgn0128449 FBgn0115117 FBgn0088431 CPIJ003263 ACYPI001007 GB11920 AGAP010510 AAEL002848 PHUM037830 GLEAN_09590 REDfly - A database of transcriptional regulatory elements. • FBgn0003888
Synonyms & Secondary IDs ( 60 )
Reported As
Symbol Synonym	3t (Fyrberg and Goldstein, 1990) 143391_i_at (Kristensen et al., 2005) B3t (Hoyle et al., 2000, Hutchens et al., 1997, Dettman et al., 1996, Fuller, 1993, Gotwals and Fristrom, 1991, Kimble et al., 1990, ) BETA 60D (Goldstein and Gunawardena, 2000) betaTub60D (Giot et al., 2003, Dorus et al., 2006, Buchon et al., 2009, Neumüller et al., 2011) CG3401 (Rehwinkel et al., 2006, Goldstein and Gunawardena, 2000, Keleman et al., 2009.8.5, Wertheim et al., 2005) D.m.BETA-60D (Goldstein and Gunawardena, 2000) Dmβ3 (Raff et al., 1997) DTB3 (Whiting et al., 1989, Natzle and McCarthy, 1984) p50 (Hochheimer et al., 2002) p50/tubulin (Hochheimer et al., 2002) p53 (Hochheimer et al., 2002) p53/tubulin (Hochheimer et al., 2002) T (Courgeon et al., 1993) Tub (Harris and Peifer, 2004, Figeac et al., 2010) Tub60D (Rehwinkel et al., 2006, Behm-Ansmant et al., 2006) β3 (Hoyle et al., 2001, Dutcher, 2001, Wilson and Borisy, 1997, Buttgereit et al., 1996, Hoyle et al., 1995, Fackenthal et al., 1995, Hoyle et al., 1991, Kaltschmidt et al., 1991, Kimble et al., 1989, Leiss et al., 1988, Raff et al., 2008, Popodi et al., 2008) β3t (Fyrberg et al., 1991, ) β3 TU (Bondinas et al., 2002, Bondinas et al., 2001) β3-Tub (Jagla et al., 1998, Zaffran et al., 2006, de Velasco et al., 2006, Junion et al., 2007) β3Tub (Albrecht et al., 2006, Sellin et al., 2009, Popichenko et al., 2007) β3TUB (Wolfstetter et al., 2009) β60C (Raff, 1984) β3-Tub (Lin et al., 1997) β3 tubulin (Bruhat et al., 1990) β3-tubulin (Raff, 1984) β-tub (Pal Bhadra et al., 2005, Gasch et al., 1989) βTub (Albrecht et al., 2006) βTub3   β-Tub6D (Boutros et al., 2002) βTub60C (Andres et al., 1993) β-Tub60D   βTub60D (Zaffran et al., 2006, Finan et al., 2011, Hueber et al., 2007, Firth and Baker, 2007, Liu et al., 2009, Wertheim et al., 2005) βtub60D (Jakobsen et al., 2007)
Name Synonym	60C beta tubulin (Chapel, 1989.8.29, Chapel, 1989.8.29) 60C β tubulin (Chapel et al., 1993) B3-tubulin (Baker and Schubiger, 1995) b-3 tubulin (Fernandes and Krishan, 2007) b3 Tubulin (Figeac et al., 2010) beta 3 tubulin (Tourmente, 1993.8.17, Chapel, 1991.8.19, Chapel, 1991.8.19, Chapel, 1991.8.19, Graba et al., 1997) beta-3 Tubulin (Bidet, 2003) beta-3-tubulin (de Velasco et al., 2006) betaTub60D (Cunha et al., 2010) Beta tubulin (Chen and Haddad, 2004) beta-tubulin (Przewloka et al., 2007) tubulin (Sharp et al., 2000, Reed and Orr-Weaver, 1997, Harris and Peifer, 2004, Harris and Peifer, 2005, Goshima et al., 2005, Ashley et al., 2005, Yuen et al., 2008) tubulin b-3 (Hochheimer et al., 2002) Β3 tubulin (Currie and Bate, 1991) β3tubulin (Liotta et al., 2004, Albrecht et al., 2006, Popichenko et al., 2007) β3 tubulin (Cripps and Olson, 2002, Jagla et al., 2001, Kremser et al., 1999, Moritz, 1993, Bour et al., 1995, Burchard et al., 1995, Michiels et al., 1991, Buttgereit et al., 1991, Kremser et al., 1999, Cuenca et al., 1998, Kaltschmidt et al., 1991, Raff et al., 1982, Banerjee et al., 2006) β3-tubulin (Rau et al., 2001, Zaffran et al., 2001, Roy and VijayRaghavan, 1999, Paululat et al., 1999, Paululat et al., 1999, Knirr et al., 1997, Ranganayakulu et al., 1995, Drosopoulou and Scouras, 1995, Fristrom and Fristrom, 1993, Gonczy et al., 1992, Murphy, 1991, Zikova et al., 2003, Dettman et al., 2001, Hoyle et al., 2000, Serrano et al., 1997, de Cock et al., 1993, Kimble et al., 1989, Lo et al., 2007, Liotta et al., 2007, Liu et al., 2009, Qian and Bodmer, 2009, Klein et al., 2010, Popodi et al., 2008, Hoyle et al., 2008) β-3tubulin (Botas, 1993) β3-Tubulin (Schroter et al., 2004, Dettman et al., 1996, Schnorrer et al., 2007, Schafer et al., 2007, Junion et al., 2007, Figeac et al., 2010) β-tubulin (Kwon and Scholey, 2004, Riparbelli and Callaini, 2003, Anderson et al., 2002, Bulgheresi et al., 2001, Vied and Horabin, 2001, Grieder et al., 2000, Yu et al., 2000, Vidwans et al., 1999, Irion and Leptin, 1999, Chao and Nagoshi, 1999, McCartney et al., 1999, Robinson et al., 1999, Reddy and Rodrigues, 1999, Sharp et al., 1999, Fuller, 1998, Crawford et al., 1998, Logarinho and Sunkel, 1998, Eberl et al., 1997, Eaton et al., 1996, Brill et al., 1995, Xu et al., 2006, Pal Bhadra et al., 2006, Holtzman et al., 2008, Liu et al., 2009, Dilks and DiNardo, 2010) β tubulin (Carmena et al., 1998, Gigliotti et al., 1998) β-Tubulin (Riparbelli et al., 2004) β-tubulin 60D (Conant and Wagner, 2003) β-tubulin60D (Sandmann et al., 2006) β-Tubulin at 60A (Sandmann et al., 2006) β-tubulin at 60D (Pearson et al., 2005) β-Tubulin at 60D (Hueber et al., 2007)
Secondary FlyBase IDs
References ( 201 )
Generate a list of	All references relating to this gene ( 201 )
List References by type	Research paper  ( 143 ) Supplementary material  ( 9 ) Review  ( 24 ) Personal communication to FlyBase  ( 5 ) Abstract  ( 7 ) FlyBase analysis  ( 1 ) DNA/RNA sequence record  ( 6 ) Curated genome annotation  ( 2 ) Protein sequence record  ( 1 ) Computer file  ( 1 ) Automatic genome annotation  ( 1 ) Book  ( 1 )
Recent research papers ( 6 )
	Finan et al., 2011, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 108(14): 5566--5571 From the Cover: Proteomics approach to study the functions of Drosophila myosin VI through identification of multiple cargo-binding proteins. [FBrf0213355] Neumüller et al., 2011, Cell Stem Cell 8(5): 580--593 Genome-Wide Analysis of Self-Renewal in Drosophila Neural Stem Cells by Transgenic RNAi. [FBrf0213621] Cunha et al., 2010, PLoS Genet. 6: e1001014 Combinatorial binding leads to diverse regulatory responses: Lmd is a tissue-specific modulator of Mef2 activity. [FBrf0211225] Dilks and DiNardo, 2010, Development 137(8): 1395--1404 Non-cell-autonomous control of denticle diversity in the Drosophila embryo. [FBrf0210398] Figeac et al., 2010, Development 137(12): 1965--1973 Drosophila adult muscle precursors form a network of interconnected cells and are specified by the rhomboid-triggered EGF pathway. [FBrf0210887] Klein et al., 2010, Dev. Biol. 337(2): 458--470 The proprioceptive and contractile systems in Drosophila are both patterned by the EGR family transcription factor Stripe. [FBrf0209777] Show all research papers ...
Recent reviews (0)
	All reviews listed in FlyBase were published before 2010 Show reviews ...