cdc2, Dmcdc2
a cdc2 kinase - heterdimerizes with cyclin A and cyclin B - responsible for the execution of the mitotic (M) phase of the cell cycle - controls progression into and through meiotic M phases
Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\Cdk1 for information on other features
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AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.
Gene model reviewed during 5.45
1.1 (northern blot)
There is only one protein coding transcript and one polypeptide associated with this gene
297 (aa)
297 (aa); 34.4 (kD)
Forms a stable but non-covalent complex with a regulatory subunit and with a cyclin. Component of the Frs-CycA-Cdk1 complex composed of Cdk1, CycA and Z600 (PubMed:17431409).
Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\Cdk1 using the Feature Mapper tool.
The testis specificity index was calculated from modENCODE tissue expression data by Vedelek et al., 2018 to indicate the degree of testis enrichment compared to other tissues. Scores range from -2.52 (underrepresented) to 5.2 (very high testis bias).
Comment: maternally deposited
Comment: reported as ventral nerve cord anlage
Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium
Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium
Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium
Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium
Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium
Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium
cdc2 transcripts are most abundant in early embryos and adult females. Transcripts are abundant and homogeneously distributed in unfertilized eggs and in the syncytial embryo. They appear to be largely excluded from the newly formed cells at division cycle 14.
cdc2 expression correlates temporally and spatially with cell proliferation in embryos.
JBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals
View Dmel\Cdk1 in JBrowse
2-41
2-35.2
Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete
Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see JBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.
For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.
When dsRNA constructs are made and transiently transfected into S2 cells in RNAi experiments, an increase in the proportion of G2/M phase cells, a decrease in cell size, a decrease in cytokinetic index, a decrease in the ratio of cells in prometaphase and metaphase versus the total number of mitotic cells and chromosome abnormalities are seen.
RNAi screen using dsRNA made from templates generated with primers directed against this gene causes a cell growth and viability phenotype when assayed in Kc167 and S2R+ cells.
dsRNA made from templates generated with primers directed against this gene tested in RNAi screen for effects on Kc167 and S2R+ cell morphology.
RNAi screen using dsRNA made from templates generated with primers directed against this gene causes a phenotype when assayed in Kc167 and S2R+ cells: cell size is increased, microtubules are uniform or disorganised, cell shape is irregular, and cell number is decreased indicative of a failure in cell cycle progression through G1 to S and G2 to M stages.
By attenuating cdc2 function without blocking mitosis, normally asymmetric neural progenitor divisions become defective, failing to correctly localise asymmetric components during mitosis and/or to resolve distinct sibling fates.
Neural progenitor asymmetric divisions require cdc2.
Mutations in fzy result in metaphase arrest, neither CycA, CycB or CycB3 are degraded in this arrest. Inactivation of a temperature sensitive cdc2 in fzy metaphase arrest causes a reversion to interphase morphology. This reversion is not accompanied by completion of mitosis so there is no increase in anaphase cells or change in cell number or size.
During development changing levels of cell cycle regulators alters the rate limiting step and the mechanism governing progress of the cell cycle. Three phases of developmental progression of cell cycle regulation have been defined. The first seven cycles run in the presence of constitutively active cdc2. Later during cycles 8-13 increasing mitotic destruction of cyclins drives oscillations in cdc2 activity, cyclin accumulation becomes the rate limiting step for mitosis. Degradation of maternally supplied stg causes tyrosine dephosphorylation of cdc2 to become rate limiting for mitosis beginning in cycle 14.
Twelve (unnamed) recessive lethal alleles have been isolated during a cytogenetic analysis of chromosomal region 31.
Preliminary genetic and molecular analysis of mutations of cdc2.
cdc2 gene product is not essential for DNA replication during embryogenesis.
cdc2 function is essential for cell proliferation throughout development, though block occurs in G2 and no function in S phase could be identified. While the mitotic proliferation of imaginal cells was blocked in mutants, non-imaginal cells continue to grow and endoreplicate their DNA. cdc2c cannot compensate for lack of cdc2 function indicating the independence of their action.
Recombination mapping and intensive mapping studies of the Su(var)207 and Su(var)2-1216 chromosomes suggested a closely linked second site lethal. Genetic and molecular analysis of the second site lethal revealed it to be an allele of the cdc2 gene (Lehner, EMBO J. 9: 3573--3581, Jimenez, EMBO J. 9: 3565--3571).
Cross-species complementation tests reveal that a cdc2 cDNA clone will rescue S.cerevisiae deficient in cyclin gene functions.
The sequence and expression pattern of cdc2 has been determined.
Northern blot and in situ hybridization studies demonstrate that cdc2 and cdc2c are co-expressed during embryogenesis. cdc2 expression is correlated with cell proliferation.
Complements yeast temperature-sensitive cdc28 alleles.
Source for identity of: cdc2 CG5363
Source for identity of: Cdk1 cdc2
'cdc2' renamed to 'Cdk1' owing to: i) preferred usage in the literature; ii) better indication of function/orthology; and iii) preference of authors Lehner and O'Farrell who originally characterized and named the gene in FBrf0051651.
