Gene Dmel\Syt1

23B-23B

(determined by in situ hybridisation)

23B-23B

Determined by comparing Celera genomic sequence with sequence from BDGP BAC and P1 clones.

(Lloyd et al., 2000)

Experimentally Determined Recombination Data

Location

Left of (cM)

Right of (cM)

Notes

Gene Model & Products

Please see the GBrowse view of Dmel\Syt1 for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Comments on Gene Model

Gene model reviewed during 5.45

Transcript Data

Annotated Transcripts

Name

FlyBase ID

RefSeq ID

Length (nt)

Associated CDS (aa)

Syt1-RA

FBtr0077726

NM_078736

3993

474

Syt1-RB

FBtr0077727

NM_164501

3987

472

Syt1-RC

FBtr0077728

NM_164502

5110

472

Syt1-RE

FBtr0332218

NM_205897

5196

472

Syt1-RF

FBtr0332219

NM_001273036

4548

170

Syt1-RG

FBtr0332220

NM_001273037

6857

331

Additional Transcript Data & Comments

Reported size (kB)

7.0, 4.5, 2.18 (longest cDNA)

6.5, 4.0 (northern blot)

Comments

External Data

Crossreferences

Polypeptide Data

Annotated Polypeptides

Name

FlyBase ID

Predicted MW (kDa)

Length (aa)

Theoretical pI

RefSeq ID

GenBank protein

Syt1-PA

FBpp0077410

53.3

474

5.64

NP_523460

AAF51205

Syt1-PB

FBpp0077411

53.0

472

5.64

NP_722838

AAF51206

Syt1-PC

FBpp0077412

53.0

472

5.64

NP_722839

AAN10415

Syt1-PE

FBpp0304523

53.0

472

5.63

NP_995619

AAS64625

Syt1-PF

FBpp0304524

18.6

170

6.81

NP_001259965

AGB92502

Syt1-PG

FBpp0304525

37.0

331

4.78

NP_001259966

AGB92503

Additional Polypeptide Data & Comments

Reported size (kDa)

474 (aa)

69 (kD)

Comments

External Data

Crossreferences

InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites

•

C2 membrane targeting protein (IPR018029)

C2 calcium-dependent membrane targeting (IPR000008)

Synaptotagmin (IPR001565)

C2 calcium/lipid-binding domain, CaLB (IPR008973)

C2 domain (IPR020477)

Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model

DDBJ /
EMBL /
GenBank

DNA sequence

Protein sequence

Name

P21521

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Mapped Features

Mapped Features have been reorganized, please see this article for details.

Additional mapped features and mutations can be found on GBrowse or related reports.

Type

Symbol & Location

Additional Notes

References

External Data

Crossreferences

Expression Data

Transcript Expression

No Assay Recorded

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

embryonic stage 15 -- 17

Comment:reference states 12-20 hr AEL

larval stage -- pupal stage

in situ

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

embryonic stage 13 -- 16

embryonic brain

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic/larval nervous system

(Fisher et al., 2012)

ventral nerve cord

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic stage 13 -- 17

presumptive embryonic/larval peripheral nervous system

presumptive embryonic/larval central nervous system

embryonic stage 15 -- 17

presumptive embryonic/larval peripheral nervous system

embryonic stage 16 -- 17

ventral nerve cord

embryonic stage 17

central nervous system

adult stage

adult brain

thoracico-abdominal ganglion

• neuronal cell body

northern blot

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

embryonic stage -- adult stage

embryonic stage 12 -- 15

Comment:reference states >8-12 hr AEL

larval stage -- pupal stage

adult stage

adult head

Additional Descriptive Data

On Northern blots, two transcripts of 4.5 and 7.0 kb are observed in adult head extracts with a Syt1 probe. No transcript is seen in 0-4 hour embryos and in third instar larvae.

The 4.5 kb syt transcript first appears between 8 and 12 hours of embryogenesis, and is expressed throughout development.

Syt1 transcripts are first detected in 12-15hr embryos on northern blots and are detected at all subsequent stages tested. The are enriched in adult head relative to adult body.

The 7.0 kb syt transcript is first detected at 12 to 20 hours of embryogenesis, and is expressed throughout development.

Syt1 transcript is detected only in neuronal cells. All peripheral nervous system (PNS) neurons, and most (if not all) central nervous system (CNS) neurons express Syt1 transcript. The first Syt1 transcripts in the CNS are detected in late stage 13 embryos, in the ventral nerve cord in a few cells per segment. This expression increases and intensifies by stage 14. In stage 15 embryos, Syt1 transcript is detected in the supraoesophageal and suboesophageal ganglia, as well as in a subset of PNS neurons. At stage 17, Syt1 transcript is abundant in both the CNS and PNS.

Syt1 transcripts are first detected in embryos at stage 13 and are detected throughout the CNS and PNS. In adults, transcripts are detected in the cell bodies of the CNS in both the brain and in the thoracic ganglia.

Marker for

Subcellular Localization

CV Term

Polypeptide Expression

immunolocalization

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

embryonic stage 14 -- 17

central nervous system | restricted

embryonic stage 16

presumptive embryonic/larval peripheral nervous system | restricted

motor neuron

embryonic stage 17

synapse

neuromuscular junction

larval stage

neuromuscular junction

larval stage -- adult stage

synapse

first instar larval stage

neuromuscular junction

second instar larval stage

neuromuscular junction

third instar larval stage

neuromuscular junction

embryonic/larval neuromuscular junction

• terminal bouton

(Bronk et al., 2001)

wandering third instar larval stage

neuromuscular junction

• synaptic vesicle

(Trotta et al., 2004)

Comment:wandering third instar

adult stage

optic lobe

Additional Descriptive Data

Immunocytochemical staining of whole mount embryos shows that Syt1 protein is rapidly transported to synapses and localizes to synaptic contact sites. In stage 14 embryos, the cell bodies of central nervous system neurons are transiently labeled. At stage 15, Syt1 protein is in the dorsal portion of the ventral nerve cord and in the brain. At stage 16, the longitudinal tracts of the central nervous system, motor neurons, and parts of the peripheral nervous system are stained. At stage 17, staining localizes to the longitudinal tracts of the central nervous system and to synapses in the body wall musculature. During larval development, Syt1 protein continues to be detected in neuromuscular junctions. Synaptic terminals in both type I and type II junctions stain. In the adult, Syt1 is detected in synapses of the adult head neuropil including those in the antennal lobes and the visual lamina.

Syt1 protein is detected in the neuropil of the adult brain. It is observed in the synapse-rich regions in the lamina, the medulla, and the lobula. Staining is also observed in the neuropil in embryonic sections. In larvae, staining is observed at the neuromuscular junctions where it is tightly confined to the nerve terminals.

No protein is detected in the Syt1[D27] mutant with a polyclonal antiserum against Syt1 protein.

Marker for

Subcellular Localization (GO Cellular Component)

CV term

(Narayanan et al., 2005, Poskanzer et al., 2006)

References

neuromuscular junction

inferred from direct assay

(Loewen et al., 2001)

synaptic vesicle

inferred from direct assay

Expression Deduced from Reporters

High-Throughput Expression Data

Associated Tools

Reference

See Gelbart and Emmert, 2010.10.13 for analysis details and data files for all genes.

FlyAtlas Anatomy Microarray

FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data

(FlyAtlas-RNA.adult)

(FlyAtlas-RNA.larva)

	Styles
	Linear
	Logarithmic
	Heatmap
	Back-to-back
	Scales
	gene max expression
	Moderate expression bin max
	High level expression bin max
	Very high expression bin max

Summary of FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data: Expression at high levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult head, adult eye, larval/adult central nervous system.
[download data (TSV)]

Guide to FlyAtlas expression level colors
	No expression (0 - 9.999)
	Low expression (10 - 99.999)
	Moderate expression (100 - 499.999)
	High level expression (500 - 999.999)
	Very high expression (>999.999)

Linear, scaled to maximum expression level
Tissue		Expression Level
Larval Central Nervous System		637.275
Larval Midgut		5.5
Larval Hindgut		4.5
Larval Malpighian Tubules		15.3
Larval Fat Body		99.8
Larval Salivary Gland		7.4
Larval Trachea		14.275
Larval Carcass		6.8
Adult Head		520.1
Adult Eye		883.725
Adult Brain		1255.1
Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion		1417
Adult Crop		3.9
Adult Midgut		10.5
Adult Hindgut		4.2
Adult Malpighian Tubules		3.3
Adult Fat Body		17.9
Adult Salivary Gland		10.9
Adult Heart		5.85
Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca		4.6
Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca		4.5
Adult Ovary		0.9
Adult Testis		3
Adult Male Accessory Gland		5.6
Adult Carcass		26.2
Expression Level Scale		None Low Moderate High Very high

Linear, scaled to Moderate expression
Tissue		Expression Level
Larval Central Nervous System		(637.275)
Larval Midgut		5.5
Larval Hindgut		4.5
Larval Malpighian Tubules		15.3
Larval Fat Body		99.8
Larval Salivary Gland		7.4
Larval Trachea		14.275
Larval Carcass		6.8
Adult Head		520.1
Adult Eye		(883.725)
Adult Brain		(1255.1)
Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion		(1417)
Adult Crop		3.9
Adult Midgut		10.5
Adult Hindgut		4.2
Adult Malpighian Tubules		3.3
Adult Fat Body		17.9
Adult Salivary Gland		10.9
Adult Heart		5.85
Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca		4.6
Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca		4.5
Adult Ovary		0.9
Adult Testis		3
Adult Male Accessory Gland		5.6
Adult Carcass		26.2
Expression Level Scale		None Low Moderate High

Linear, scaled to High level expression
Tissue		Expression Level
Larval Central Nervous System		637.275
Larval Midgut		5.5
Larval Hindgut		4.5
Larval Malpighian Tubules		15.3
Larval Fat Body		99.8
Larval Salivary Gland		7.4
Larval Trachea		14.275
Larval Carcass		6.8
Adult Head		520.1
Adult Eye		883.725
Adult Brain		(1255.1)
Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion		(1417)
Adult Crop		3.9
Adult Midgut		10.5
Adult Hindgut		4.2
Adult Malpighian Tubules		3.3
Adult Fat Body		17.9
Adult Salivary Gland		10.9
Adult Heart		5.85
Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca		4.6
Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca		4.5
Adult Ovary		0.9
Adult Testis		3
Adult Male Accessory Gland		5.6
Adult Carcass		26.2
Expression Level Scale		None Low Moderate High Very high

Linear, scaled to Very high expression
Tissue		Expression Level
Larval Central Nervous System		637.275
Larval Midgut		5.5
Larval Hindgut		4.5
Larval Malpighian Tubules		15.3
Larval Fat Body		99.8
Larval Salivary Gland		7.4
Larval Trachea		14.275
Larval Carcass		6.8
Adult Head		520.1
Adult Eye		883.725
Adult Brain		1255.1
Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion		1417
Adult Crop		3.9
Adult Midgut		10.5
Adult Hindgut		4.2
Adult Malpighian Tubules		3.3
Adult Fat Body		17.9
Adult Salivary Gland		10.9
Adult Heart		5.85
Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca		4.6
Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca		4.5
Adult Ovary		0.9
Adult Testis		3
Adult Male Accessory Gland		5.6
Adult Carcass		26.2
Expression Level Scale		Very high

log, scaled to maximum expression level
Tissue		Expression Level
Larval Central Nervous System		637.275
Larval Midgut		5.5
Larval Hindgut		4.5
Larval Malpighian Tubules		15.3
Larval Fat Body		99.8
Larval Salivary Gland		7.4
Larval Trachea		14.275
Larval Carcass		6.8
Adult Head		520.1
Adult Eye		883.725
Adult Brain		1255.1
Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion		1417
Adult Crop		3.9
Adult Midgut		10.5
Adult Hindgut		4.2
Adult Malpighian Tubules		3.3
Adult Fat Body		17.9
Adult Salivary Gland		10.9
Adult Heart		5.85
Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca		4.6
Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca		4.5
Adult Ovary		0.9
Adult Testis		3
Adult Male Accessory Gland		5.6
Adult Carcass		26.2
Expression Level Scale		None Low Moderate High Very high

log, scaled to Moderate expression
Tissue		Expression Level
Larval Central Nervous System		637.275
Larval Midgut		5.5
Larval Hindgut		4.5
Larval Malpighian Tubules		15.3
Larval Fat Body		99.8
Larval Salivary Gland		7.4
Larval Trachea		14.275
Larval Carcass		6.8
Adult Head		520.1
Adult Eye		(883.725)
Adult Brain		(1255.1)
Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion		(1417)
Adult Crop		3.9
Adult Midgut		10.5
Adult Hindgut		4.2
Adult Malpighian Tubules		3.3
Adult Fat Body		17.9
Adult Salivary Gland		10.9
Adult Heart		5.85
Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca		4.6
Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca		4.5
Adult Ovary		0.9
Adult Testis		3
Adult Male Accessory Gland		5.6
Adult Carcass		26.2
Expression Level Scale		None Low Moderate High

log, scaled to High level expression
Tissue		Expression Level
Larval Central Nervous System		637.275
Larval Midgut		5.5
Larval Hindgut		4.5
Larval Malpighian Tubules		15.3
Larval Fat Body		99.8
Larval Salivary Gland		7.4
Larval Trachea		14.275
Larval Carcass		6.8
Adult Head		520.1
Adult Eye		883.725
Adult Brain		1255.1
Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion		1417
Adult Crop		3.9
Adult Midgut		10.5
Adult Hindgut		4.2
Adult Malpighian Tubules		3.3
Adult Fat Body		17.9
Adult Salivary Gland		10.9
Adult Heart		5.85
Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca		4.6
Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca		4.5
Adult Ovary		0.9
Adult Testis		3
Adult Male Accessory Gland		5.6
Adult Carcass		26.2
Expression Level Scale		None Low Moderate High Very high

log, scaled to Very high expression
Tissue		Expression Level
Larval Central Nervous System		637.275
Larval Midgut		5.5
Larval Hindgut		4.5
Larval Malpighian Tubules		15.3
Larval Fat Body		99.8
Larval Salivary Gland		7.4
Larval Trachea		14.275
Larval Carcass		6.8
Adult Head		520.1
Adult Eye		883.725
Adult Brain		1255.1
Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion		1417
Adult Crop		3.9
Adult Midgut		10.5
Adult Hindgut		4.2
Adult Malpighian Tubules		3.3
Adult Fat Body		17.9
Adult Salivary Gland		10.9
Adult Heart		5.85
Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca		4.6
Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca		4.5
Adult Ovary		0.9
Adult Testis		3
Adult Male Accessory Gland		5.6
Adult Carcass		26.2
Expression Level Scale		None Low Moderate High Very high

Heatmap
Tissue		Expression Level
Larval Central Nervous System
Larval Midgut
Larval Hindgut
Larval Malpighian Tubules
Larval Fat Body
Larval Salivary Gland
Larval Trachea
Larval Carcass
Adult Head
Adult Eye
Adult Brain
Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion
Adult Crop
Adult Midgut
Adult Hindgut
Adult Malpighian Tubules
Adult Fat Body
Adult Salivary Gland
Adult Heart
Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca
Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca
Adult Ovary
Adult Testis
Adult Male Accessory Gland
Adult Carcass

FlyAtlas Organ/Tissue Expression, larval vs. adult
Larval Expression Level	Tissue	Adult Expression Level
NA	Head	520.1
NA	Eye	883.725
NA	Brain	1255.1
637.275	Central Nervous System	NA
NA	Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion	1417
NA	Crop	3.9
5.5	Midgut	no informative data
4.5	Hindgut	4.2
15.3	Malpighian Tubules	3.3
99.8	Fat Body	17.9
7.4	Salivary Gland	no informative data
NA	Heart	5.85
no informative data	Trachea	NA
NA	VirginFemale Spermatheca	4.6
NA	InseminatedFemale Spermatheca	4.5
NA	Ovary	0.9
NA	Testis	3
NA	Male Accessory Gland	5.6
6.8	Carcass	26.2

FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data (Chintapalli et al., 2007)

modENCODE Anatomy RNA-Seq

modENCODE Tissue Expression Data

(modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_tissues)

	Styles
	Linear
	Logarithmic
	Heatmap
	Scales
	gene max expression
	Moderate expression bin max
	High expression bin max
	Extremely high expression bin max

[download data (TSV)]

Guide to modENCODE expression level colors
	No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)
	Very low expression (1 - 3)
	Low expression (4 - 10)
	Moderate expression (11 - 25)
	Moderately high expression (26 - 50)
	High expression (51 - 100)
	Very high expression (101 - 1000)
	Extremely high expression (>1000)

Linear, scaled to maximum expression level
Tissue		Expression Level
imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering		4
central nervous system, larvae L3		70
central nervous system, pupae P8		283
head, virgin 1-day female		235
head, virgin 4-day female		189
head, virgin 20-day female		64
head, mated 1-day female		209
head, mated 4-day female		157
head, mated 20-day female		65
head, mated 1-day male		327
head, mated 4-day male		296
head, mated 20-day male		208
salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering		1
salivary gland, white prepupae		6
digestive system, larvae L3 wandering		2
digestive system, 1-day adult		0
digestive system, 4-day adult		1
digestive system, 20-day adult		0
fat body, larvae L3 wandering		44
fat body, white prepupae		61
fat body, pupae P8		32
carcass, larvae L3 wandering		10
carcass, 1-day adult		27
carcass, 4-day adult		25
carcass, 20-day adult		12
ovary, virgin 4-day female		0
ovary, mated 4-day female		0
testis, mated 4-day male		0
accessory gland, mated 4-day male		5
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high High Very high

Linear, scaled to Moderate expression
Tissue		Expression Level
imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering		4
central nervous system, larvae L3		(70)
central nervous system, pupae P8		(283)
head, virgin 1-day female		(235)
head, virgin 4-day female		(189)
head, virgin 20-day female		(64)
head, mated 1-day female		(209)
head, mated 4-day female		(157)
head, mated 20-day female		(65)
head, mated 1-day male		(327)
head, mated 4-day male		(296)
head, mated 20-day male		(208)
salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering		1
salivary gland, white prepupae		6
digestive system, larvae L3 wandering		2
digestive system, 1-day adult		0
digestive system, 4-day adult		1
digestive system, 20-day adult		0
fat body, larvae L3 wandering		(44)
fat body, white prepupae		(61)
fat body, pupae P8		(32)
carcass, larvae L3 wandering		10
carcass, 1-day adult		(27)
carcass, 4-day adult		25
carcass, 20-day adult		12
ovary, virgin 4-day female		0
ovary, mated 4-day female		0
testis, mated 4-day male		0
accessory gland, mated 4-day male		5
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high

Linear, scaled to High expression
Tissue		Expression Level
imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering		4
central nervous system, larvae L3		70
central nervous system, pupae P8		(283)
head, virgin 1-day female		(235)
head, virgin 4-day female		(189)
head, virgin 20-day female		64
head, mated 1-day female		(209)
head, mated 4-day female		(157)
head, mated 20-day female		65
head, mated 1-day male		(327)
head, mated 4-day male		(296)
head, mated 20-day male		(208)
salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering		1
salivary gland, white prepupae		6
digestive system, larvae L3 wandering		2
digestive system, 1-day adult		0
digestive system, 4-day adult		1
digestive system, 20-day adult		0
fat body, larvae L3 wandering		44
fat body, white prepupae		61
fat body, pupae P8		32
carcass, larvae L3 wandering		10
carcass, 1-day adult		27
carcass, 4-day adult		25
carcass, 20-day adult		12
ovary, virgin 4-day female		0
ovary, mated 4-day female		0
testis, mated 4-day male		0
accessory gland, mated 4-day male		5
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high High Very high

Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression
Tissue		Expression Level
imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering		4
central nervous system, larvae L3		70
central nervous system, pupae P8		283
head, virgin 1-day female		235
head, virgin 4-day female		189
head, virgin 20-day female		64
head, mated 1-day female		209
head, mated 4-day female		157
head, mated 20-day female		65
head, mated 1-day male		327
head, mated 4-day male		296
head, mated 20-day male		208
salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering		1
salivary gland, white prepupae		6
digestive system, larvae L3 wandering		2
digestive system, 1-day adult		0
digestive system, 4-day adult		1
digestive system, 20-day adult		0
fat body, larvae L3 wandering		44
fat body, white prepupae		61
fat body, pupae P8		32
carcass, larvae L3 wandering		10
carcass, 1-day adult		27
carcass, 4-day adult		25
carcass, 20-day adult		12
ovary, virgin 4-day female		0
ovary, mated 4-day female		0
testis, mated 4-day male		0
accessory gland, mated 4-day male		5
Expression Level Scale		Extremely high

log, scaled to maximum expression level
Tissue		Expression Level
imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering		4
central nervous system, larvae L3		70
central nervous system, pupae P8		283
head, virgin 1-day female		235
head, virgin 4-day female		189
head, virgin 20-day female		64
head, mated 1-day female		209
head, mated 4-day female		157
head, mated 20-day female		65
head, mated 1-day male		327
head, mated 4-day male		296
head, mated 20-day male		208
salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering		1
salivary gland, white prepupae		6
digestive system, larvae L3 wandering		2
digestive system, 1-day adult		0
digestive system, 4-day adult		1
digestive system, 20-day adult		0
fat body, larvae L3 wandering		44
fat body, white prepupae		61
fat body, pupae P8		32
carcass, larvae L3 wandering		10
carcass, 1-day adult		27
carcass, 4-day adult		25
carcass, 20-day adult		12
ovary, virgin 4-day female		0
ovary, mated 4-day female		0
testis, mated 4-day male		0
accessory gland, mated 4-day male		5
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high High Very high

log, scaled to Moderate expression
Tissue		Expression Level
imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering		4
central nervous system, larvae L3		(70)
central nervous system, pupae P8		(283)
head, virgin 1-day female		(235)
head, virgin 4-day female		(189)
head, virgin 20-day female		(64)
head, mated 1-day female		(209)
head, mated 4-day female		(157)
head, mated 20-day female		(65)
head, mated 1-day male		(327)
head, mated 4-day male		(296)
head, mated 20-day male		(208)
salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering		1
salivary gland, white prepupae		6
digestive system, larvae L3 wandering		2
digestive system, 1-day adult		0
digestive system, 4-day adult		1
digestive system, 20-day adult		0
fat body, larvae L3 wandering		(44)
fat body, white prepupae		(61)
fat body, pupae P8		32
carcass, larvae L3 wandering		10
carcass, 1-day adult		27
carcass, 4-day adult		25
carcass, 20-day adult		12
ovary, virgin 4-day female		0
ovary, mated 4-day female		0
testis, mated 4-day male		0
accessory gland, mated 4-day male		5
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high

log, scaled to High expression
Tissue		Expression Level
imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering		4
central nervous system, larvae L3		70
central nervous system, pupae P8		(283)
head, virgin 1-day female		(235)
head, virgin 4-day female		(189)
head, virgin 20-day female		64
head, mated 1-day female		(209)
head, mated 4-day female		(157)
head, mated 20-day female		65
head, mated 1-day male		(327)
head, mated 4-day male		(296)
head, mated 20-day male		(208)
salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering		1
salivary gland, white prepupae		6
digestive system, larvae L3 wandering		2
digestive system, 1-day adult		0
digestive system, 4-day adult		1
digestive system, 20-day adult		0
fat body, larvae L3 wandering		44
fat body, white prepupae		61
fat body, pupae P8		32
carcass, larvae L3 wandering		10
carcass, 1-day adult		27
carcass, 4-day adult		25
carcass, 20-day adult		12
ovary, virgin 4-day female		0
ovary, mated 4-day female		0
testis, mated 4-day male		0
accessory gland, mated 4-day male		5
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high High Very high

log, scaled to Extremely high expression
Tissue		Expression Level
imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering		4
central nervous system, larvae L3		70
central nervous system, pupae P8		283
head, virgin 1-day female		235
head, virgin 4-day female		189
head, virgin 20-day female		64
head, mated 1-day female		209
head, mated 4-day female		157
head, mated 20-day female		65
head, mated 1-day male		327
head, mated 4-day male		296
head, mated 20-day male		208
salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering		1
salivary gland, white prepupae		6
digestive system, larvae L3 wandering		2
digestive system, 1-day adult		0
digestive system, 4-day adult		1
digestive system, 20-day adult		0
fat body, larvae L3 wandering		44
fat body, white prepupae		61
fat body, pupae P8		32
carcass, larvae L3 wandering		10
carcass, 1-day adult		27
carcass, 4-day adult		25
carcass, 20-day adult		12
ovary, virgin 4-day female		0
ovary, mated 4-day female		0
testis, mated 4-day male		0
accessory gland, mated 4-day male		5
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high High Very high Extremely high

Heatmap
Tissue		Expression Level
imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering
central nervous system, larvae L3
central nervous system, pupae P8
head, virgin 1-day female
head, virgin 4-day female
head, virgin 20-day female
head, mated 1-day female
head, mated 4-day female
head, mated 20-day female
head, mated 1-day male
head, mated 4-day male
head, mated 20-day male
salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering
salivary gland, white prepupae
digestive system, larvae L3 wandering
digestive system, 1-day adult
digestive system, 4-day adult
digestive system, 20-day adult
fat body, larvae L3 wandering
fat body, white prepupae
fat body, pupae P8
carcass, larvae L3 wandering
carcass, 1-day adult
carcass, 4-day adult
carcass, 20-day adult
ovary, virgin 4-day female
ovary, mated 4-day female
testis, mated 4-day male
accessory gland, mated 4-day male

modENCODE Development RNA-Seq

modENCODE Temporal Expression Data

(modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_U)

	Styles
	Linear
	Logarithmic
	Heatmap
	Scales
	gene max expression
	Moderate expression bin max
	High expression bin max
	Extremely high expression bin max

Summary of modENCODE Temporal Expression Profile: Temporal profile ranges from a peak of moderately high expression to a trough of extremely low expression. Peak expression observed within 12-24 hour embryonic stages, during early larval stages, at stages throughout the pupal period, in adult male stages.
[download data (TSV)]

Guide to modENCODE expression level colors
	No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)
	Very low expression (1 - 3)
	Low expression (4 - 10)
	Moderate expression (11 - 25)
	Moderately high expression (26 - 50)
	High expression (51 - 100)
	Very high expression (101 - 1000)
	Extremely high expression (>1000)

Linear, scaled to maximum expression level
Developmental Stage		Expression Level
embryo 00-02hr		0
embryo 02-04hr		0
embryo 04-06hr		0
embryo 06-08hr		0
embryo 08-10hr		0
embryo 10-12hr		1
embryo 12-14hr		4
embryo 14-16hr		8
embryo 16-18hr		17
embryo 18-20hr		19
embryo 20-22hr		21
embryo 22-24hr		29
larva L1		20
larva L2		8
larva L3 12hr old		3
larva L3 puffstage 1-2		8
larva L3 puffstage 3-6		11
larva L3 puffstage 7-9		12
white prepupae new		15
white prepupae 12hr		8
white prepupae 24hr		9
pupae 2d postWPP		21
pupae 3d postWPP		29
pupae 4d postWPP		17
adult male 01day		20
adult male 05day		16
adult male 30day		13
adult female 01day		8
adult female 05day		3
adult female 30day		2
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high

Linear, scaled to Moderate expression
Developmental Stage		Expression Level
embryo 00-02hr		0
embryo 02-04hr		0
embryo 04-06hr		0
embryo 06-08hr		0
embryo 08-10hr		0
embryo 10-12hr		1
embryo 12-14hr		4
embryo 14-16hr		8
embryo 16-18hr		17
embryo 18-20hr		19
embryo 20-22hr		21
embryo 22-24hr		(29)
larva L1		20
larva L2		8
larva L3 12hr old		3
larva L3 puffstage 1-2		8
larva L3 puffstage 3-6		11
larva L3 puffstage 7-9		12
white prepupae new		15
white prepupae 12hr		8
white prepupae 24hr		9
pupae 2d postWPP		21
pupae 3d postWPP		(29)
pupae 4d postWPP		17
adult male 01day		20
adult male 05day		16
adult male 30day		13
adult female 01day		8
adult female 05day		3
adult female 30day		2
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high

Linear, scaled to High expression
Developmental Stage		Expression Level
embryo 00-02hr		0
embryo 02-04hr		0
embryo 04-06hr		0
embryo 06-08hr		0
embryo 08-10hr		0
embryo 10-12hr		1
embryo 12-14hr		4
embryo 14-16hr		8
embryo 16-18hr		17
embryo 18-20hr		19
embryo 20-22hr		21
embryo 22-24hr		29
larva L1		20
larva L2		8
larva L3 12hr old		3
larva L3 puffstage 1-2		8
larva L3 puffstage 3-6		11
larva L3 puffstage 7-9		12
white prepupae new		15
white prepupae 12hr		8
white prepupae 24hr		9
pupae 2d postWPP		21
pupae 3d postWPP		29
pupae 4d postWPP		17
adult male 01day		20
adult male 05day		16
adult male 30day		13
adult female 01day		8
adult female 05day		3
adult female 30day		2
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high High Very high

Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression
Developmental Stage		Expression Level
embryo 00-02hr		0
embryo 02-04hr		0
embryo 04-06hr		0
embryo 06-08hr		0
embryo 08-10hr		0
embryo 10-12hr		1
embryo 12-14hr		4
embryo 14-16hr		8
embryo 16-18hr		17
embryo 18-20hr		19
embryo 20-22hr		21
embryo 22-24hr		29
larva L1		20
larva L2		8
larva L3 12hr old		3
larva L3 puffstage 1-2		8
larva L3 puffstage 3-6		11
larva L3 puffstage 7-9		12
white prepupae new		15
white prepupae 12hr		8
white prepupae 24hr		9
pupae 2d postWPP		21
pupae 3d postWPP		29
pupae 4d postWPP		17
adult male 01day		20
adult male 05day		16
adult male 30day		13
adult female 01day		8
adult female 05day		3
adult female 30day		2
Expression Level Scale		Extremely high

log, scaled to maximum expression level
Developmental Stage		Expression Level
embryo 00-02hr		0
embryo 02-04hr		0
embryo 04-06hr		0
embryo 06-08hr		0
embryo 08-10hr		0
embryo 10-12hr		1
embryo 12-14hr		4
embryo 14-16hr		8
embryo 16-18hr		17
embryo 18-20hr		19
embryo 20-22hr		21
embryo 22-24hr		29
larva L1		20
larva L2		8
larva L3 12hr old		3
larva L3 puffstage 1-2		8
larva L3 puffstage 3-6		11
larva L3 puffstage 7-9		12
white prepupae new		15
white prepupae 12hr		8
white prepupae 24hr		9
pupae 2d postWPP		21
pupae 3d postWPP		29
pupae 4d postWPP		17
adult male 01day		20
adult male 05day		16
adult male 30day		13
adult female 01day		8
adult female 05day		3
adult female 30day		2
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high

log, scaled to Moderate expression
Developmental Stage		Expression Level
embryo 00-02hr		0
embryo 02-04hr		0
embryo 04-06hr		0
embryo 06-08hr		0
embryo 08-10hr		0
embryo 10-12hr		1
embryo 12-14hr		4
embryo 14-16hr		8
embryo 16-18hr		17
embryo 18-20hr		19
embryo 20-22hr		21
embryo 22-24hr		29
larva L1		20
larva L2		8
larva L3 12hr old		3
larva L3 puffstage 1-2		8
larva L3 puffstage 3-6		11
larva L3 puffstage 7-9		12
white prepupae new		15
white prepupae 12hr		8
white prepupae 24hr		9
pupae 2d postWPP		21
pupae 3d postWPP		29
pupae 4d postWPP		17
adult male 01day		20
adult male 05day		16
adult male 30day		13
adult female 01day		8
adult female 05day		3
adult female 30day		2
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high

log, scaled to High expression
Developmental Stage		Expression Level
embryo 00-02hr		0
embryo 02-04hr		0
embryo 04-06hr		0
embryo 06-08hr		0
embryo 08-10hr		0
embryo 10-12hr		1
embryo 12-14hr		4
embryo 14-16hr		8
embryo 16-18hr		17
embryo 18-20hr		19
embryo 20-22hr		21
embryo 22-24hr		29
larva L1		20
larva L2		8
larva L3 12hr old		3
larva L3 puffstage 1-2		8
larva L3 puffstage 3-6		11
larva L3 puffstage 7-9		12
white prepupae new		15
white prepupae 12hr		8
white prepupae 24hr		9
pupae 2d postWPP		21
pupae 3d postWPP		29
pupae 4d postWPP		17
adult male 01day		20
adult male 05day		16
adult male 30day		13
adult female 01day		8
adult female 05day		3
adult female 30day		2
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high High Very high

log, scaled to Extremely high expression
Developmental Stage		Expression Level
embryo 00-02hr		0
embryo 02-04hr		0
embryo 04-06hr		0
embryo 06-08hr		0
embryo 08-10hr		0
embryo 10-12hr		1
embryo 12-14hr		4
embryo 14-16hr		8
embryo 16-18hr		17
embryo 18-20hr		19
embryo 20-22hr		21
embryo 22-24hr		29
larva L1		20
larva L2		8
larva L3 12hr old		3
larva L3 puffstage 1-2		8
larva L3 puffstage 3-6		11
larva L3 puffstage 7-9		12
white prepupae new		15
white prepupae 12hr		8
white prepupae 24hr		9
pupae 2d postWPP		21
pupae 3d postWPP		29
pupae 4d postWPP		17
adult male 01day		20
adult male 05day		16
adult male 30day		13
adult female 01day		8
adult female 05day		3
adult female 30day		2
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high High Very high Extremely high

Heatmap
Developmental Stage		Expression Level
embryo 00-02hr
embryo 02-04hr
embryo 04-06hr
embryo 06-08hr
embryo 08-10hr
embryo 10-12hr
embryo 12-14hr
embryo 14-16hr
embryo 16-18hr
embryo 18-20hr
embryo 20-22hr
embryo 22-24hr
larva L1
larva L2
larva L3 12hr old
larva L3 puffstage 1-2
larva L3 puffstage 3-6
larva L3 puffstage 7-9
white prepupae new
white prepupae 12hr
white prepupae 24hr
pupae 2d postWPP
pupae 3d postWPP
pupae 4d postWPP
adult male 01day
adult male 05day
adult male 30day
adult female 01day
adult female 05day
adult female 30day

modENCODE Temporal Expression Data (Graveley et al., 2011)

modENCODE Cell Lines RNA-Seq

modENCODE Cell Line Expression Data

(modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_cell.A)

(modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_cell.B)

	Styles
	Linear
	Logarithmic
	Heatmap
	Scales
	gene max expression
	Moderate expression bin max
	High expression bin max
	Extremely high expression bin max

[download data (TSV)]

Guide to modENCODE expression level colors
	No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)
	Very low expression (1 - 3)
	Low expression (4 - 10)
	Moderate expression (11 - 25)
	Moderately high expression (26 - 50)
	High expression (51 - 100)
	Very high expression (101 - 1000)
	Extremely high expression (>1000)

Linear, scaled to maximum expression level
Cell Line		Expression Level
Schneider line 2 S2R+		0
Schneider line 2 Sg4		1
embryonic 1182-4H		0
embryonic GM2		0
embryonic Kc167		0
embryonic S1		0
embryonic S3		0
leg disc CME L1		1
wing disc CME-W2		0
wing disc ML-DmD8		0
wing disc ML-DmD9		0
wing disc ML-DmD16-c3		0
wing disc ML-DmD21		0
wing disc ML-DmD32		0
haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3		0
eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11		1
antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5		0
mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1		0
CNS ML-DmBG1-c1		0
CNS ML-DmBG2-c2		0
tumorous blood cells mbn2		0
ovary fGS/OSS		0
ovary OSC		0
ovary OSS		0
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate

Linear, scaled to Moderate expression
Cell Line		Expression Level
Schneider line 2 S2R+		0
Schneider line 2 Sg4		1
embryonic 1182-4H		0
embryonic GM2		0
embryonic Kc167		0
embryonic S1		0
embryonic S3		0
leg disc CME L1		1
wing disc CME-W2		0
wing disc ML-DmD8		0
wing disc ML-DmD9		0
wing disc ML-DmD16-c3		0
wing disc ML-DmD21		0
wing disc ML-DmD32		0
haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3		0
eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11		1
antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5		0
mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1		0
CNS ML-DmBG1-c1		0
CNS ML-DmBG2-c2		0
tumorous blood cells mbn2		0
ovary fGS/OSS		0
ovary OSC		0
ovary OSS		0
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high

Linear, scaled to High expression
Cell Line		Expression Level
Schneider line 2 S2R+		0
Schneider line 2 Sg4		1
embryonic 1182-4H		0
embryonic GM2		0
embryonic Kc167		0
embryonic S1		0
embryonic S3		0
leg disc CME L1		1
wing disc CME-W2		0
wing disc ML-DmD8		0
wing disc ML-DmD9		0
wing disc ML-DmD16-c3		0
wing disc ML-DmD21		0
wing disc ML-DmD32		0
haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3		0
eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11		1
antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5		0
mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1		0
CNS ML-DmBG1-c1		0
CNS ML-DmBG2-c2		0
tumorous blood cells mbn2		0
ovary fGS/OSS		0
ovary OSC		0
ovary OSS		0
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high High Very high

Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression
Cell Line		Expression Level
Schneider line 2 S2R+		0
Schneider line 2 Sg4		1
embryonic 1182-4H		0
embryonic GM2		0
embryonic Kc167		0
embryonic S1		0
embryonic S3		0
leg disc CME L1		1
wing disc CME-W2		0
wing disc ML-DmD8		0
wing disc ML-DmD9		0
wing disc ML-DmD16-c3		0
wing disc ML-DmD21		0
wing disc ML-DmD32		0
haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3		0
eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11		1
antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5		0
mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1		0
CNS ML-DmBG1-c1		0
CNS ML-DmBG2-c2		0
tumorous blood cells mbn2		0
ovary fGS/OSS		0
ovary OSC		0
ovary OSS		0
Expression Level Scale		Extremely high

log, scaled to maximum expression level
Cell Line		Expression Level
Schneider line 2 S2R+		0
Schneider line 2 Sg4		1
embryonic 1182-4H		0
embryonic GM2		0
embryonic Kc167		0
embryonic S1		0
embryonic S3		0
leg disc CME L1		1
wing disc CME-W2		0
wing disc ML-DmD8		0
wing disc ML-DmD9		0
wing disc ML-DmD16-c3		0
wing disc ML-DmD21		0
wing disc ML-DmD32		0
haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3		0
eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11		1
antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5		0
mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1		0
CNS ML-DmBG1-c1		0
CNS ML-DmBG2-c2		0
tumorous blood cells mbn2		0
ovary fGS/OSS		0
ovary OSC		0
ovary OSS		0
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate

log, scaled to Moderate expression
Cell Line		Expression Level
Schneider line 2 S2R+		0
Schneider line 2 Sg4		1
embryonic 1182-4H		0
embryonic GM2		0
embryonic Kc167		0
embryonic S1		0
embryonic S3		0
leg disc CME L1		1
wing disc CME-W2		0
wing disc ML-DmD8		0
wing disc ML-DmD9		0
wing disc ML-DmD16-c3		0
wing disc ML-DmD21		0
wing disc ML-DmD32		0
haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3		0
eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11		1
antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5		0
mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1		0
CNS ML-DmBG1-c1		0
CNS ML-DmBG2-c2		0
tumorous blood cells mbn2		0
ovary fGS/OSS		0
ovary OSC		0
ovary OSS		0
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high

log, scaled to High expression
Cell Line		Expression Level
Schneider line 2 S2R+		0
Schneider line 2 Sg4		1
embryonic 1182-4H		0
embryonic GM2		0
embryonic Kc167		0
embryonic S1		0
embryonic S3		0
leg disc CME L1		1
wing disc CME-W2		0
wing disc ML-DmD8		0
wing disc ML-DmD9		0
wing disc ML-DmD16-c3		0
wing disc ML-DmD21		0
wing disc ML-DmD32		0
haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3		0
eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11		1
antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5		0
mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1		0
CNS ML-DmBG1-c1		0
CNS ML-DmBG2-c2		0
tumorous blood cells mbn2		0
ovary fGS/OSS		0
ovary OSC		0
ovary OSS		0
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high High Very high

log, scaled to Extremely high expression
Cell Line		Expression Level
Schneider line 2 S2R+		0
Schneider line 2 Sg4		1
embryonic 1182-4H		0
embryonic GM2		0
embryonic Kc167		0
embryonic S1		0
embryonic S3		0
leg disc CME L1		1
wing disc CME-W2		0
wing disc ML-DmD8		0
wing disc ML-DmD9		0
wing disc ML-DmD16-c3		0
wing disc ML-DmD21		0
wing disc ML-DmD32		0
haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3		0
eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11		1
antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5		0
mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1		0
CNS ML-DmBG1-c1		0
CNS ML-DmBG2-c2		0
tumorous blood cells mbn2		0
ovary fGS/OSS		0
ovary OSC		0
ovary OSS		0
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high High Very high Extremely high

Heatmap
Cell Line		Expression Level
Schneider line 2 S2R+
Schneider line 2 Sg4
embryonic 1182-4H
embryonic GM2
embryonic Kc167
embryonic S1
embryonic S3
leg disc CME L1
wing disc CME-W2
wing disc ML-DmD8
wing disc ML-DmD9
wing disc ML-DmD16-c3
wing disc ML-DmD21
wing disc ML-DmD32
haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3
eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11
antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5
mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1
CNS ML-DmBG1-c1
CNS ML-DmBG2-c2
tumorous blood cells mbn2
ovary fGS/OSS
ovary OSC
ovary OSS

modENCODE Treatments RNA-Seq

modENCODE Treatment Expression Data

(modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_treatments)

	Styles
	Linear
	Logarithmic
	Heatmap
	Scales
	gene max expression
	Moderate expression bin max
	High expression bin max
	Extremely high expression bin max

[download data (TSV)]

Guide to modENCODE expression level colors
	No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)
	Very low expression (1 - 3)
	Low expression (4 - 10)
	Moderate expression (11 - 25)
	Moderately high expression (26 - 50)
	High expression (51 - 100)
	Very high expression (101 - 1000)
	Extremely high expression (>1000)

Linear, scaled to maximum expression level
Treatment		Expression Level
extended cold, 4-day adult		29
cold shock, 4-day adult		26
heat shock, 4-day adult		9
Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3		5
Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		8
Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		11
Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		24
Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		6
Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		54
Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		11
Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		66
Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3		14
Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3		7
Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3		4
Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3		10
Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult		20
Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult		27
Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		25
Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		24
Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3		5
Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3		3
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high High

Linear, scaled to Moderate expression
Treatment		Expression Level
extended cold, 4-day adult		(29)
cold shock, 4-day adult		26
heat shock, 4-day adult		9
Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3		5
Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		8
Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		11
Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		24
Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		6
Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		(54)
Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		11
Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		(66)
Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3		14
Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3		7
Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3		4
Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3		10
Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult		20
Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult		(27)
Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		25
Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		24
Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3		5
Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3		3
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high

Linear, scaled to High expression
Treatment		Expression Level
extended cold, 4-day adult		29
cold shock, 4-day adult		26
heat shock, 4-day adult		9
Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3		5
Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		8
Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		11
Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		24
Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		6
Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		54
Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		11
Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		66
Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3		14
Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3		7
Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3		4
Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3		10
Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult		20
Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult		27
Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		25
Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		24
Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3		5
Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3		3
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high High Very high

Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression
Treatment		Expression Level
extended cold, 4-day adult		29
cold shock, 4-day adult		26
heat shock, 4-day adult		9
Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3		5
Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		8
Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		11
Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		24
Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		6
Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		54
Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		11
Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		66
Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3		14
Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3		7
Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3		4
Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3		10
Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult		20
Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult		27
Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		25
Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		24
Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3		5
Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3		3
Expression Level Scale		Extremely high

log, scaled to maximum expression level
Treatment		Expression Level
extended cold, 4-day adult		29
cold shock, 4-day adult		26
heat shock, 4-day adult		9
Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3		5
Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		8
Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		11
Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		24
Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		6
Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		54
Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		11
Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		66
Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3		14
Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3		7
Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3		4
Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3		10
Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult		20
Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult		27
Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		25
Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		24
Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3		5
Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3		3
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high High

log, scaled to Moderate expression
Treatment		Expression Level
extended cold, 4-day adult		29
cold shock, 4-day adult		26
heat shock, 4-day adult		9
Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3		5
Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		8
Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		11
Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		24
Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		6
Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		(54)
Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		11
Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		(66)
Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3		14
Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3		7
Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3		4
Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3		10
Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult		20
Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult		27
Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		25
Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		24
Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3		5
Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3		3
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high

log, scaled to High expression
Treatment		Expression Level
extended cold, 4-day adult		29
cold shock, 4-day adult		26
heat shock, 4-day adult		9
Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3		5
Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		8
Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		11
Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		24
Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		6
Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		54
Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		11
Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		66
Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3		14
Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3		7
Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3		4
Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3		10
Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult		20
Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult		27
Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		25
Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		24
Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3		5
Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3		3
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high High Very high

log, scaled to Extremely high expression
Treatment		Expression Level
extended cold, 4-day adult		29
cold shock, 4-day adult		26
heat shock, 4-day adult		9
Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3		5
Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		8
Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		11
Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		24
Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		6
Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		54
Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		11
Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		66
Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3		14
Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3		7
Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3		4
Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3		10
Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult		20
Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult		27
Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		25
Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		24
Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3		5
Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3		3
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high High Very high Extremely high

Heatmap
Treatment		Expression Level
extended cold, 4-day adult
cold shock, 4-day adult
heat shock, 4-day adult
Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3
Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3
Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult
Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult
Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3
Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult
Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3
Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult
Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3
Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3
Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3
Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3
Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult
Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult
Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult
Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult
Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3
Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3

Expression Clusters

A cluster of genes with similar mRNA expression dynamics across development.

(The modENCODE Consortium, 2010, Graveley et al., 2011)

External Data & Images

Show all FlyExpress processed images for Syt1

BDGP expression data

•

GH14933

FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies

•

FBgn0004242

FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array

•

HDC00470;CG3139-RA

FlyExpress - Embryonic expression images (BDGP data)

•

Stages(s) 13-16

Alleles & Phenotypes

Summary of Allele Phenotypes

Lethality

Allele

lethal

lethal, with Scer\GAL4^Act5C.PU

Syt1^GD842

lethal, with Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu

Syt1^GD842

lethal, with Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu, Syt1^AD4

Syt1^{B-D1.2N.Scer\UAS}

lethal, with Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu, Syt1^{B-D1.2N.Scer\UAS}

Syt1^AD4

lethal | conditional

Syt1^AD4

lethal | embryonic stage 17, with Scer\GAL4^elav-C155

Syt1^{I420E.Scer\UAS}

lethal | embryonic stage 17, with Scer\GAL4^elav-C155, Syt1^AD4

Syt1^{I420E.Scer\UAS}

lethal | embryonic stage 17, with Scer\GAL4^elav-C155, Syt1^{I420E.Scer\UAS}

Syt1^AD4

lethal | embryonic stage | recessive

lethal | larval stage | recessive

lethal | recessive

lethal | third instar larval stage (with Syt1^AD4)

Syt1^N13

lethal | third instar larval stage (with Syt1^N13)

Syt1^AD4

viable

Syt1^AD4

viable, with Scer\GAL4^4G

Syt1^{Scer\UAS.T:Avic\GFP-EGFP}

viable, with Scer\GAL4^pnr-MD237

Syt1^GD842

Other Phenotypes

Allele

behavior defective

Syt1^elav.PD

behavior defective | recessive

flight defective, with Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu

Syt1^GD842

flightless

Syt1^AD4

locomotor behavior defective, with Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu

Syt1^GD842

locomotor rhythm defective | larval stage (with Syt1^AD4)

Syt1^N13

locomotor rhythm defective | larval stage (with Syt1^N13)

Syt1^AD4

neuroanatomy defective

Syt1^AD4

neurophysiology defective

neurophysiology defective, with Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu

neurophysiology defective, with Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu, Syt1^AD4

neurophysiology defective, with Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu, Syt1^AD4, Syt1^{B-D3.4N.Scer\UAS}

Syt1^N13

neurophysiology defective, with Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu, Syt1^AD4, Syt1^N13

Syt1^{B-D3.4N.Scer\UAS}

neurophysiology defective, with Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu, Syt1^AD4/Syt1^N13

Syt1^{B-D3.4N.Scer\UAS}

neurophysiology defective, with Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu, Syt1^{B-D3.4N.Scer\UAS}

Syt1^AD4

neurophysiology defective, with Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu, Syt1^{B-D3.4N.Scer\UAS}, Syt1^N13

Syt1^AD4

neurophysiology defective, with Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu, Syt1^{D229E.Scer\UAS}

Syt1^AD4

neurophysiology defective, with Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu, Syt1^KQ.Scer\UAS

Syt1^AD4

neurophysiology defective, with Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu, Syt1^Scer\UAS.cMa

Syt1^AD4

neurophysiology defective, with Scer\GAL4^elav-C155, Syt1^AD4

neurophysiology defective, with Scer\GAL4^elav-C155, Syt1^{F286E.Scer\UAS}

Syt1^AD4

neurophysiology defective, with Scer\GAL4^elav-C155, Syt1^{F286Y.Scer\UAS}

Syt1^AD4

neurophysiology defective, with Scer\GAL4^elav-C155, Syt1^{I420E.Scer\UAS}

Syt1^AD4

neurophysiology defective (with Syt1^AD1)

neurophysiology defective (with Syt1^AD3)

neurophysiology defective (with Syt1^AD4)

neurophysiology defective (with Syt1^AD4), with Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu

Syt1^{D229E.Scer\UAS}

neurophysiology defective (with Syt1^AD4), with Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu, Syt1^{B-D3.4N.Scer\UAS}

Syt1^N13

neurophysiology defective (with Syt1^D27)

Syt1^AD4

neurophysiology defective (with Syt1^{D229E.Scer\UAS}), with Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu

Syt1^AD4

neurophysiology defective (with Syt1^N13)

neurophysiology defective (with Syt1^N13), with Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu, Syt1^{B-D3.4N.Scer\UAS}

Syt1^AD4

neurophysiology defective (with Syt1^T7)

neurophysiology defective (with Syt1^T11)

Syt1^AD3

neurophysiology defective (with Syt1^T41)

neurophysiology defective | embryonic stage, with Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu, Syt1^AD4/Syt1^N13

neurophysiology defective | embryonic stage (with Syt1^AD4)

Syt1^N13

neurophysiology defective | embryonic stage (with Syt1^AD4), with Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu, Syt1^{B-D3.4N.Scer\UAS}

Syt1^N13

neurophysiology defective | embryonic stage (with Syt1^AD4), with Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu, Syt1^{C2A-D3.4N.Scer\UAS}

Syt1^N13

neurophysiology defective | embryonic stage (with Syt1^N13)

Syt1^AD4

neurophysiology defective | embryonic stage (with Syt1^N13), with Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu, Syt1^{B-D3.4N.Scer\UAS}

Syt1^AD4

neurophysiology defective | embryonic stage (with Syt1^N13), with Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu, Syt1^{C2A-D3.4N.Scer\UAS}

Syt1^AD4

neurophysiology defective | larval stage

Syt1^AD4

neurophysiology defective | larval stage (with Syt1^AD3)

Syt1^AD4

neurophysiology defective | larval stage (with Syt1^AD4)

Syt1^AD3

neurophysiology defective | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4^elav.PU, Syt1^AD4

Syt1^KA.Scer\UAS

neurophysiology defective | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4^elav.PU, Syt1^KA.Scer\UAS

Syt1^AD4

uncoordinated

uncoordinated, with Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu, Syt1^AD4

uncoordinated, with Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu, Syt1^KQ.Scer\UAS

Syt1^AD4

uncoordinated, with Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu, Syt1^Scer\UAS.cMa

Syt1^AD4

uncoordinated (with Syt1^AD4)

Syt1^N13

uncoordinated (with Syt1^N13)

Syt1^AD4

uncoordinated | adult stage

Syt1^AD4

uncoordinated | larval stage

Syt1^AD4

wild-type

Syt1^elav.PD

Phenotype manifest in

Allele

bouton | supernumerary

Syt1^AD4

crystal cell

egg | germline clone

Syt1^T77

embryonic/larval neuromuscular junction

Syt1^AD4

eye | somatic clone

Syt1^AD4

neuromuscular junction

neuromuscular junction (with Syt1^AD1)

Syt1^N13

neuromuscular junction (with Syt1^AD3)

Syt1^N13

neuromuscular junction (with Syt1^AD4)

Syt1^N13

neuromuscular junction (with Syt1^N13)

neuron

Syt1^AD4

photoreceptor cell & synapse

Syt1^AD4

synapse

Syt1^AD4

synapse, with Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu

Syt1^Scer\UAS.cLa

synapse | embryonic stage

Syt1^AD4

synapse | larval stage

synaptic vesicle, with Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu, Syt1^AD4, Syt1^KQ.Scer\UAS

Syt1^N13

synaptic vesicle, with Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu, Syt1^AD4, Syt1^N13

Syt1^KQ.Scer\UAS

synaptic vesicle, with Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu, Syt1^AD4/Syt1^N13

Syt1^KQ.Scer\UAS

synaptic vesicle, with Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu, Syt1^KQ.Scer\UAS, Syt1^N13

Syt1^AD4

synaptic vesicle (with Syt1^AD1)

synaptic vesicle (with Syt1^AD4)

synaptic vesicle (with Syt1^AD4), with Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu, Syt1^KQ.Scer\UAS

Syt1^N13

synaptic vesicle (with Syt1^D27)

Syt1^AD4

synaptic vesicle (with Syt1^N13)

Syt1^AD4

synaptic vesicle (with Syt1^N13), with Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu, Syt1^KQ.Scer\UAS

Syt1^AD4

synaptic vesicle (with Syt1^T7)

Syt1^AD1

synaptic vesicle (with Syt1^T41)

Syt1^AD1

wing, with Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu

Syt1^GD842

Classical Alleles ( 31 )

For All Classical Alleles Show

Allele of Syt1	Class	Mutagen	Stocks	Known lesion
Syt1^N6	amorphic allele - genetic evidence, loss of function allele	Delta2-3	2	Yes
Syt1^k05909		P-element activity	2	--
Syt1^N13	amorphic allele - genetic evidence	Delta2-3	1	Yes
Syt1^c01617		piggyBac transposase	1	--
Syt1^d05037		P-element activity	1	--
Syt1^f02088		piggyBac transposase	1	--
Syt1^KG02436		P-element activity	1	--
Syt1^KG08100		P-element activity	1	--
Syt1^MI02197			1	--
Syt1^MI03047			1	--
Syt1^MI04278			1	--
Syt1^T77	hypomorphic allele - genetic evidence	Delta2-3 P-element activity	1	Yes
Syt1^AD4	amorphic allele - genetic evidence	ethyl methanesulfonate	0	Yes
Syt1^D27	amorphic allele - genetic evidence	gamma ray ethyl methanesulfonate	0	Yes
Syt1^N19	amorphic allele - genetic evidence	Delta2-3	0	Yes
Syt1^66.4	hypomorphic allele - genetic evidence	ethyl methanesulfonate	0	Yes
Syt1⁷⁶		ethyl methanesulfonate	0	--
Syt1^AD1		ethyl methanesulfonate	0	Yes
Syt1^AD2		ethyl methanesulfonate	0	--
Syt1^AD3	hypomorphic allele - genetic evidence	ethyl methanesulfonate	0	Yes
Syt1^D2	hypomorphic allele - genetic evidence	ethyl methanesulfonate	0	--
Syt1^D37	hypomorphic allele - genetic evidence	ethyl methanesulfonate	0	--
Syt1^D39	hypomorphic allele - genetic evidence	ethyl methanesulfonate	0	--
Syt1^D3	hypomorphic allele - genetic evidence	ethyl methanesulfonate	0	--
Syt1^D45	hypomorphic allele - genetic evidence	ethyl methanesulfonate	0	--
Syt1^N10	hypomorphic allele - genetic evidence	Delta2-3	0	Yes
Syt1^N28	hypomorphic allele - genetic evidence	Delta2-3	0	Yes
Syt1^T11	hypomorphic allele - genetic evidence	ethyl methanesulfonate	0	Yes
Syt1^T41	loss of function allele, hypomorphic allele - genetic evidence	ethyl methanesulfonate	0	Yes
Syt1^T7	loss of function allele, hypomorphic allele - genetic evidence	ethyl methanesulfonate	0	Yes
Syt1^unspecified			0	--

Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs ( 31 )

For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show

Allele of Syt1	Mutagen	Stocks	Known lesion
Syt1^{Scer\UAS.T:Avic\GFP-EGFP}	in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - coding region fusion	6	Yes
Syt1^GD842	in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion	3	Yes
Syt1^JF01234	in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion	1	Yes
Syt1^JF01461	in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion	1	Yes
Syt1^KK108653	in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion	1	Yes
Syt1^{B-D1.2N.Scer\UAS}	in vitro construct - amino acid replacement in vitro construct - regulatory fusion	0	Yes
Syt1^{B-D3.4N.Scer\UAS}	in vitro construct - amino acid replacement in vitro construct - regulatory fusion	0	Yes
Syt1^{C2A-D3.4N.Scer\UAS}	in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - amino acid replacement	0	Yes
Syt1^{D229E.Scer\UAS}	in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - site directed mutagenesis	0	Yes
Syt1^{D229N.Scer\UAS}	in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - amino acid replacement	0	Yes
Syt1^{D2N.Scer\UAS.T:Ivir\HA1}	in vitro construct - site directed mutagenesis in vitro construct - amino acid replacement	0	Yes
Syt1^elav.PD	in vitro construct - regulatory fusion	0	Yes
Syt1^{F286E.Scer\UAS}	in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - site directed mutagenesis in vitro construct - amino acid replacement	0	Yes
Syt1^{F286Y.Scer\UAS}	in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - site directed mutagenesis in vitro construct - amino acid replacement	0	Yes
Syt1^{Gr21a.T:Avic\GFP}	in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - coding region fusion	0	Yes
Syt1^{Gr63a.T:Disc\RFP}	in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - coding region fusion	0	Yes
Syt1^{I420E.Scer\UAS}	in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - site directed mutagenesis in vitro construct - amino acid replacement	0	Yes
Syt1^KA.Scer\UAS	in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - amino acid replacement	0	Yes
Syt1^KQ.Scer\UAS	in vitro construct - amino acid replacement	0	Yes
Syt1^M1	in vitro construct - site directed mutagenesis	0	Yes
Syt1^M2	in vitro construct - site directed mutagenesis	0	Yes
Syt1^mWa	in vitro construct - minigene	0	Yes
Syt1^{Or47a.T:Avic\GFP}	in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - coding region fusion	0	Yes
Syt1^{Or47b.T:Avic\GFP}	in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - coding region fusion	0	Yes
Syt1^{Scer\UAS.8-10}	in vitro construct - regulatory fusion	0	Yes
Syt1^Scer\UAS.cLa	in vitro construct - regulatory fusion	0	Yes
Syt1^Scer\UAS.cMa	in vitro construct - regulatory fusion	0	Yes
Syt1^Scer\UAS.cPa	in vitro construct - regulatory fusion	0	Yes
Syt1^Scer\UAS.cSa	in vitro construct - regulatory fusion	0	Yes
Syt1^{Scer\UAS.T:Ivir\HA1}	in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - coding region fusion	0	Yes
Syt1^{Scer\UAS.T:Zzzz\4C}	in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - coding region fusion	0	Yes

Aneuploid Aberrations

Disrupted in

Df(2L)C144

(Spradling et al., 1999, Stefancsik, 2002.5.22, DiAntonio et al., 1993, Littleton et al., 1993, BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999, Littleton and Bellen, 1994)

Df(2L)DTD2

(Spradling et al., 1999, DiAntonio et al., 1993, Littleton et al., 1993, BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999, DiAntonio and Schwarz, 1994, Littleton and Bellen, 1994)

Df(2L)Exel6277

(Ryder, 2004.4.26)

Df(2L)JS31

(Stefancsik, 2002.5.22)

Df(2L)N6

(Stefancsik, 2002.5.22, Littleton and Bellen, 1994, Littleton et al., 1995)

Df(2L)TL1

(Littleton and Bellen, 1994)

In(2)syt^D27

(DiAntonio et al., 1993, DiAntonio and Schwarz, 1994)

Not disrupted in

Df(2L)dpp-H34

(DiAntonio et al., 1993, Littleton and Bellen, 1994)

Df(2L)dpp-H59

(Littleton and Bellen, 1994)

Df(2L)JS17

(Stefancsik, 2002.5.22)

Transgenic Constructs & Insertions

Transgenic Constructs

Type of construct

Name

Expression data

UAS construct

P{UAS-Syt1.C2A-D3,4N}

Insertions

Type of insertions

Name

Expression data

miscellaneous insertions

P{SUPor-P}Syt1^KG02436

P{SUPor-P}Syt1^KG08100

PBac{PB}Syt1^c01617

PBac{WH}Syt1^f02088

insertion of mobile activating element

P{XP}Syt1^d05037

insertion of enhancer trap

P{lacW}Syt1^k05909

P{lacW}Syt1^T77

Gene Ontology: Function, Process & Cellular Component ( 20 unique terms )

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence ( 13 terms )

Molecular Function

CV term

References

calcium ion binding

inferred from direct assay

(Striegel et al., 2012)

protein binding

inferred from physical interaction with stnA AND inferred from physical interaction with stnB

(Phillips et al., 2000)

Biological Process

CV term

calcium ion-dependent exocytosis of neurotransmitter

References

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Saraswati et al., 2007)

larval locomotory behavior

inferred from mutant phenotype

neurotransmitter secretion

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Littleton et al., 1993, Littleton et al., 1994)

regulation of pole plasm oskar mRNA localization

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Ruden et al., 2000)

regulation of synapse structure and activity

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Dickman et al., 2006)

rhythmic synaptic transmission

inferred from direct assay

(Striegel et al., 2012)

synaptic transmission

inferred from direct assay

(Paddock et al., 2011)

synaptic vesicle endocytosis

inferred from direct assay

(Poskanzer et al., 2006)

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Poskanzer et al., 2003)

vesicle-mediated transport

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Broadie et al., 1994)

Cellular Component

CV term

(Narayanan et al., 2005, Poskanzer et al., 2006)

References

neuromuscular junction

inferred from direct assay

(Loewen et al., 2001)

synaptic vesicle

inferred from direct assay

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions ( 11 terms )

Molecular Function

CV term

calcium-dependent phospholipid binding

References

traceable author statement

calcium ion binding

inferred from sequence or structural similarity

(FlyBase Curators et al., 2004-)

transporter activity

inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR001565

Biological Process

CV term

neurotransmitter secretion

References

exocytosis

non-traceable author statement

(Broadie, 1995)

non-traceable author statement

synaptic vesicle exocytosis

inferred from sequence or structural similarity

(Littleton, 2000)

synaptic vesicle transport

non-traceable author statement

(Swiss-Prot Project Members, 1991.5.1)

vesicle-mediated transport

traceable author statement

(Stimson and Ramaswami, 1999, Littleton et al., 1999, Ruden et al., 2000)

Cellular Component

CV term

integral to synaptic vesicle membrane

References

non-traceable author statement

(FlyBase Curators et al., 2004-)

membrane

inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR001565

non-traceable author statement

(Swiss-Prot Project Members, 1991.5.1)

synaptic vesicle

inferred from sequence or structural similarity

(Littleton, 2000)

non-traceable author statement

(Swiss-Prot Project Members, 1991.5.1)

Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene

gene_with_edited_transcript

(Graveley et al., 2011)

nuclear_gene

protein_coding_gene

Interactions & Pathways

Summary of Physical Interactions

Summary of Genetic Interactions

Interacts with

Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions

Syt1 allele

Gene

References

syt^AD4

stnA

(Phillips et al., 2000)

Syt4

(Robinson et al., 2002)

syt^D27

stnA

(Phillips et al., 2000)

syt^Scer\UAS.cLa

stnA

(Fergestad and Broadie, 2001)

unspecified

Ppt1

(Buff et al., 2007)

stnB

(Fergestad and Broadie, 2001)

External Data

y¹ v¹; P{TRiP.JF01234}attP2

BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions

•

59696

DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.

•

FBgn0004242

InterologFinder Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets.

•

33473

Orthologs

OrthoDB Orthologs (96) - based on analysis using Dmel annotation version 5.41

OrthoDB Ortholog Groups

OrthoDB orthology group searches

(Waterhouse et al., 2011, Nucleic Acids Res. 39(Database issue): D283--D288)

Drosophila inclusive ortholog search

EOG605SM1

Dipteran inclusive ortholog search

EOG6TXC1G

Insect inclusive ortholog search

EOG6PRRM8

Arthropod inclusive ortholog search

EOG6TMPHK

Metazoa inclusive ortholog search

EOG690M45

Orthologs in Drosophila Species (EOG605SM1)

Organism

Common Name

Gene

AAA Syntenic Ortholog

Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group

Drosophila melanogaster

fruit fly

Drosophila simulans

Drosophila sechellia

Drosophila erecta

Drosophila yakuba

Drosophila ananassae

Drosophila pseudoobscura pseudoobscura

Dpse\GA16224

Drosophila persimilis

Dper\GL26438

Drosophila willistoni

Dwil\GK18145

Drosophila virilis

Dvir\GJ17415

Drosophila mojavensis

Dmoj\GI17907

Drosophila grimshawi

Dgri\GH13767

Orthologs in non-Drosophila Dipterans (EOG6TXC1G)

Organism

Common Name

Gene

Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group

Aedes aegypti

Yellow fever mosquito

Aaeg\AAEL000704

Anopheles gambiae

Malaria mosquito

Agam\AGAP007942

Culex quinquefasciatus

Southern house mosquito

Cqui\CPIJ004781

Orthologs in non-Dipteran Insects (EOG6PRRM8)

Organism

Common Name

Gene

Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group

Apis mellifera

Western honey bee

Amel\GB54827

Nasonia vitripennis

Parasitic wasp

Nvit\Nasvi2EG012761

Acromyrmex echinatior

Panamanian leafcutter ant

Aech\AECH21198

Atta cephalotes

Leafcutter ant

Acep\ACEP26699

Camponotus floridanus

Florida carpenter ant

Cflo\CFLO13824

Harpegnathos saltator

Jerdons jumping ant

Hsal\HSAL17165

Linepithema humile

Argentine ant

Lhum\LH19019

Pogonomyrmex barbatus

Red harvester ant

Pbar\PB22049

Solenopsis invicta

Red fire ant

Sinv\SINV12237

Acyrthosiphon pisum

Pea aphid

Apim\ACYPI005140

Bombyx mori

Silkmoth

Bmor\sytI

Pediculus humanus

Human body louse

Phum\PHUM531060

Tribolium castaneum

Red flour beetle

Tcas\syt

Orthologs in non-Insect Arthropods (EOG6TMPHK)

Organism

Common Name

Gene

Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group

Daphnia pulex

Water flea

Dpux\Syt1.2

Daphnia pulex

Water flea

Dpux\FGF1

Ixodes scapularis

Deer tick

Isca\ISCW011463

Orthologs in non-Arthropod Metazoa (EOG690M45)

Organism

Common Name

Gene

Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group

Caenorhabditis elegans

Nematode

Cele\snt-5

Caenorhabditis elegans

Nematode

Cele\snt-6

Caenorhabditis elegans

Nematode

Cele\Y75B7AL.3

Caenorhabditis elegans

Nematode

Cele\snt-2

Caenorhabditis elegans

Nematode

Cele\snt-1

Strongylocentrotus purpuratus

Purple sea urchin

Spur\SPU_020349gn

Strongylocentrotus purpuratus

Purple sea urchin

Spur\SPU_020199gn

Strongylocentrotus purpuratus

Purple sea urchin

Spur\SPU_018035gn

Strongylocentrotus purpuratus

Purple sea urchin

Spur\SPU_005854gn

Strongylocentrotus purpuratus

Purple sea urchin

Spur\SPU_000343gn

Strongylocentrotus purpuratus

Purple sea urchin

Spur\SPU_007948gn

Danio rerio

Zebrafish

Drer\syt10

Danio rerio

Zebrafish

Drer\syt8

Danio rerio

Zebrafish

Drer\syt6a

Danio rerio

Zebrafish

Drer\syt1b

Danio rerio

Zebrafish

Drer\syt5a

Danio rerio

Zebrafish

Drer\ENSDARG00000075830

Danio rerio

Zebrafish

Drer\ENSDARG00000063568

Danio rerio

Zebrafish

Drer\ENSDARG00000014169

Danio rerio

Zebrafish

Drer\syt1a

Danio rerio

Zebrafish

Drer\syt7b

Danio rerio

Zebrafish

Drer\DKEY-254J8.2

Danio rerio

Zebrafish

Drer\syt9a

Danio rerio

Zebrafish

Drer\ENSDARG00000031463

Danio rerio

Zebrafish

Drer\syt2a

Danio rerio

Zebrafish

Drer\syt5b

Xenopus tropicalis

Western clawed frog

Xtro\syt3

Xenopus tropicalis

Western clawed frog

Xtro\syt7

Xenopus tropicalis

Western clawed frog

Xtro\syt6

Xenopus tropicalis

Western clawed frog

Xtro\ENSXETG00000034334

Xenopus tropicalis

Western clawed frog

Xtro\syt1

Xenopus tropicalis

Western clawed frog

Xtro\syt5

Xenopus tropicalis

Western clawed frog

Xtro\syt8

Xenopus tropicalis

Western clawed frog

Xtro\syt2

Gallus gallus

Domestic chicken

Ggal\SYT8

Gallus gallus

Domestic chicken

Ggal\SYT1

Gallus gallus

Domestic chicken

Ggal\SYT10

Gallus gallus

Domestic chicken

Ggal\SYT7

Gallus gallus

Domestic chicken

Ggal\SYT6

Gallus gallus

Domestic chicken

Ggal\SYT9

Mus musculus

House mouse

Mmus\Syt6

Mus musculus

House mouse

Mmus\Syt10

Mus musculus

House mouse

Mmus\ENSMUSG00000026452

Mus musculus

House mouse

Mmus\Syt8

Mus musculus

House mouse

Mmus\Syt5

Mus musculus

House mouse

Mmus\Syt3

Mus musculus

House mouse

Mmus\Syt1

Mus musculus

House mouse

Mmus\Syt7

Rattus norvegicus

Norway rat

Rnor\Syt6

Rattus norvegicus

Norway rat

Rnor\Syt7

Rattus norvegicus

Norway rat

Rnor\Syt9

Rattus norvegicus

Norway rat

Rnor\Syt1

Rattus norvegicus

Norway rat

Rnor\ENSRNOG00000019318

Rattus norvegicus

Norway rat

Rnor\Syt8

Rattus norvegicus

Norway rat

Rnor\Syt2

Rattus norvegicus

Norway rat

Rnor\Syt5

Rattus norvegicus

Norway rat

Rnor\Syt10

Homo sapiens

Human

Hsap\SYT10

Homo sapiens

Human

Hsap\ENSG00000134207

Homo sapiens

Human

Hsap\SYT9

Homo sapiens

Human

Hsap\SYT5

Homo sapiens

Human

Hsap\SYT3

Homo sapiens

Human

Hsap\SYT2

Homo sapiens

Human

Hsap\DKFZp781D2042

Homo sapiens

Human

Hsap\SYT7

Human Orthologs (8)

Gene

OMIM

HGNC

AAA Orthologs (11) based on analysis using Dmel annotation version 4.3

Organism

Gene

Drosophila simulans

Drosophila sechellia

Drosophila erecta

Drosophila yakuba

Drosophila ananassae

Drosophila pseudoobscura pseudoobscura

Dpse\GA16224

Drosophila persimilis

Dper\GL26438

Drosophila willistoni

Dwil\GK18145

Drosophila virilis

Dvir\GJ17415

Drosophila mojavensis

Dmoj\GI17907

Drosophila grimshawi

Dgri\GH13767

Stocks & Reagents

Stocks Listed in FlyBase ( 26 )

Bloomington

6924

P{UAS-syt.eGFP}1, w^*

6925

w^*; P{UAS-syt.eGFP}2

6926

w^*; P{UAS-syt.eGFP}3

31289

31668

y¹ v¹; P{TRiP.JF01461}attP2

v100608

v8874

v8875

v8876

w¹¹¹⁸; P{GD842}v8876/CyO

More stocks available...

Genomic Clones ( 1 )

BACR42J13

Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete

cDNA Clones ( 149 )

Please Note

This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see GBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

cDNA Clones, Fully Sequenced

BDGP DGC clones

Other clones

cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)

BDGP DGC clones

Other clones

RNAi & Array Information

DRSC - Results from RNAi screens.

•

FBgn0004242

GenomeRNAi - GenomeRNAi – A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents

•

33473

Antibody Information

polyclonal

(BDGP Project Members, 2000-)

Other Information

Discoverer

Etymology

Identification

Relationship to Other Genes

Source for database identity of

Source for identity of: Syt1 syt

(FlyBase, 1992-)

Source for database merge of

Source for merge of: syt l(2)k05909

(Stefancsik, 2002.5.22)

Additional comments

FlyBase Curator comment: 'syt' has been renamed 'Syt1' to be in accordance with the FlyBase nomenclature rules, and to maintain consistency and clarity in the nomenclature of the Synaptotagmin gene family.

(FlyBase, 1992-)

Other Comments

Ca[2+] binding by the C[[2]]B domain of Syt1 is required at intact synapses.

(Paddock et al., 2011)

Mutation of a poly-lysine motif in Syt1 alters vesicle size but not endocytic rate, whereas mutation of calcium-coordinating aspartate residues alters endocytic rate but not vesicle size.

(Poskanzer et al., 2006)

dsRNA made from templates generated with primers directed against this gene tested in RNAi screen for effects on Kc167 and S2R⁺ cell morphology.

(Kiger et al., 2003)

syt is necessary for the endocytosis of synaptic vesicles that have undergone exocytosis using a functional syt protein.

(Poskanzer et al., 2003)

The same H3 residues of the syt gene product that mediate Ca²⁺ channel inhibition also govern SNARE complexes through increased complex stability/assembly.

(Fergestad et al., 2001)

syt can facilitate SNARE complex formation in vitro.

(Littleton et al., 2001)

A mutation that deletes the C2B domain of syt disrupts clathrin AP-2 binding and endocytosis. In contrast, a mutation that blocks Ca²⁺-triggered conformational changes in C2B and diminishes Ca²⁺-triggered syt protein oligomerisation results in a postdocking defect in neurotransmitter release and a decrease in SNARE assembly.

(Littleton et al., 2001)

Identified with: GH17619 <up>FlyBase curator comment: EST subsequently found to be chimeric</up>.

The syt gene product is a negative regulator of synaptic vesicle fusion and may act as a calcium-sensor and/or component of the vesicle docking machinery.

(Broadie, 1995)

Neuromuscular transmission persists in the absence of syt.

(Broadie et al., 1994)

syt is a negative regulator of vesicle fusion and acts to increase the efficiency of excitation-secretion coupling during synaptic transmission.

(Broadie et al., 1994)

Reduced levels of syt result in a substantial alteration in synaptic function in the eye and at larval neuromuscular junctions. Decreased neurotransmitter release causes smaller evoked synaptic potentials. The frequency, but not the size, of spontaneous quantal events is simultaneously increased. There is no detectable morphological change in the arborisation of the synapse. The increased frequency of spontaneous events is sufficient to deplete significantly the vesicle supply and thereby account for reduced transmission.

(DiAntonio and Schwarz, 1994)

syt is required for hatching and locomotion of first instar larvae.

The defects caused by various mutant combinations of syt alleles that produce adult progeny vary from severe uncoordination and death to subtle behavioural defects affecting flight and fertility.

Genetic and electrophysiological evidence demonstrates that syt forms a multimeric complex that can function as a clamp in vivo. Upon nerve stimulation and calcium influx all synaptotagmin mutants dramatically decrease the ability of calcium to promote release, suggesting that syt plays a key role in activation of synaptic vesicle fusion.

Synaptotagmin is one of the major integral proteins of synaptic vesicles, postulated to dock vesicles to their release sites, act as the Ca²⁺ sensor for release and be a fusion protein during exocytosis. Mutant alleles isolated demonstrate that synaptotagmin is not required for synaptic transmission.

Evolutionary conservation of both structure and localisation suggests that n-syb, Rab3 and syt have an important function in the life cycle of the synaptic vesicle.

syt plays a key role in Ca²⁺ activation of neurotransmitter release: mutant analysis indicates the existence of separate pathways for evoked and spontaneous neurotransmitter release.

Identification: Isolated from a cDNA library using rat synaptotagmin probes under low stringency conditions.

(Verstreken and Bellen, 2000.9.4, Quinones-Coello, 2007, Keleman et al., 2009.8.5, Ni et al., 2008)

External Crossreferences & Linkouts

Sequence Crossreferences

RefSeq (Transcripts)

•

RefSeq (Proteins)

•

DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank

Entrez Gene - A searchable database of RefSeq genes.

•

33473

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

•

P21521

Other Crossreferences

InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites

•

C2 membrane targeting protein (IPR018029)

C2 calcium-dependent membrane targeting (IPR000008)

Synaptotagmin (IPR001565)

C2 calcium/lipid-binding domain, CaLB (IPR008973)

C2 domain (IPR020477)

BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis

•

GH14933

Linkouts

BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions

•

59696

DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.

•

FBgn0004242

DRSC - Results from RNAi screens.

•

FBgn0004242

FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies

•

FBgn0004242

FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array

•

HDC00470;CG3139-RA

FlyMine - Integrated genomics database for Drosophila, Anopheles, and C.elegans

•

FBgn0004242

GenomeRNAi - GenomeRNAi – A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents

•

33473

Interactive Fly - A cyberspace guide to Drosophila development and metazoan evolution

•

/neural/synptgn1.htm

InterologFinder Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets.

•

33473

modMine - Data generated by the modENCODE project.

•

FBgn0004242

Synonyms & Secondary IDs ( 42 )

Reported As

Symbol Synonym

CG3139

D. Syt I

(van de Goor et al., 1995)

Droso1

(Connell et al., 2008)

DSypt

(Choi et al., 2010)

DSYT

DSyt

(Lutas et al., 2012, Billeter and Goodwin, 2004)

dSYT

(Hebbar et al., 2006)

dsyt1

(Adolfsen et al., 2004)

DSYT2

(Gunawardena et al., 2003)

Dsyt2

(Kaufmann et al., 2002)

dsytI

(Reenan, 2005)

l(2)23AB1

l(2)23Ba

(Hartenstein et al., 1997)

l(2)k05909

(Spradling et al., 1999, )

SYT

(Gindhart et al., 2003, Gunawardena and Goldstein, 2001, Hebbar and Fernandes, 2004, Schwenkert et al., 2008, Lutas et al., 2012, Sone et al., 2009, Haussmann et al., 2008, Chang et al., 2008, Mohrmann et al., 2008)

Syt

(Koh et al., 2004, Coyle et al., 2004, Verstreken et al., 2002, Stewart et al., 2000, Wan et al., 2000, Nie et al., 1999, Petersen et al., 1997, Collins et al., 2006, Ang et al., 2006, Guerrero et al., 2005, Tsai et al., 2008, Bao et al., 2007, Banovic et al., 2010, Müller et al., 2011, Nicolaï et al., 2010, Pielage et al., 2006, Wang et al., 2007, Stowers and Isacoff, 2007, Rohrbough et al., 2007, Darya et al., 2009, Williamson et al., 2010, Chu et al., 2006, Besse et al., 2007, Albertson et al., 2008, Morante and Desplan, 2008, Séjourné et al., 2011, Busch et al., 2009, Li et al., 2009, Ting et al., 2011, Morikawa et al., 2011, Iyengar et al., 2006, Juhász et al., 2007, Gazi et al., 2009, Hofmeyer and Treisman, 2009, Zhang et al., 2009, Koch et al., 2008, Johnson et al., 2009, Vömel and Wegener, 2008, Bao et al., 2005, Chou et al., 2010, Cachero et al., 2010, Tsurudome et al., 2010, Liu et al., 2010, Romero et al., 2008, Roy et al., 2007, Liu et al., 2011, Shih and Chiang, 2011, Nahm et al., 2010, Williamson et al., 2010, Li et al., 2010, Rohrbough and Broadie, 2010, Majumdar et al., 2006, Miller et al., 2008, Liu et al., 2010, Gong et al., 2010, Ting et al., 2011, Hartl et al., 2011, Aso et al., 2012, Reis et al., 2012, Lloyd et al., 2012)

syt-1

(Richmond and Broadie, 2002, Jepson and Reenan, 2009, Jepson et al., 2011)

Syt1

(Craxton, 2001, Rohrbough et al., 2004, Guan et al., 2011, Weiss et al., 2012, Pack-Chung et al., 2007, Craxton, 2010, Yoshihara et al., 2010, Paddock et al., 2011, Jepson et al., 2011, Koon et al., 2011, Manning et al., 2012)

SYT1

(Lloyd et al., 2000, Mohrmann et al., 2008, Wang and Chapman, 2010)

syt1

(Buff et al., 2007, Saraswati et al., 2007, Loewen et al., 2006, Bhogal et al., 2011, Tamura et al., 2007, Craxton, 2004, Sarantseva et al., 2012, Rodriguez et al., 2012)

Syt-1

(Toda et al., 2008, Schulte et al., 2010)

syt 1

(Barber et al., 2009)

Syt 1

(Yoshihara et al., 2010)

SytI

(Poskanzer et al., 2003, Koh et al., 2007, Siechen et al., 2009, Kazama et al., 2003, Morimoto-Tanifuji et al., 2004, Uytterhoeven et al., 2011)

sytI

(Marek and Davis, 2002, Mackler et al., 2002, Robinson et al., 2002, Kasprowicz et al., 2008, Loewen et al., 2006)

SYT I

(Andrews and Chakrabarti, 2005, Ohyama et al., 2007, Bao et al., 2007, Zhang et al., 2007, Poskanzer et al., 2006, Higashi-Kovtun et al., 2010, Bao et al., 2008)

Syt I

syt I

(Cao et al., 2008, Okamoto et al., 2005)

unnamed