FB2020_01, released Feb 12, 2020

Gene: Dmel\Gαq

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General Information
Symbol
Dmel\Gαq
Species
D. melanogaster
Name
G protein α q subunit
Annotation Symbol
CG17759
Feature Type
protein_coding_gene
FlyBase ID
FBgn0004435
Gene Model Status
Current
Stock Availability
22 publicly available
Gene Snapshot
G protein α q subunit (Gαq) encodes an alpha subunit of a heterotrimeric G-protein that functions downstream of GPCR signaling. It contributes to neuronal development, olfaction, flight, learning and memory. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-07]
Other Summaries
Also Known As

dgq, Gqα, Gα49B, Gq, Galpha49B

Key Links
Genomic Location
Cytogenetic map
49B8-49B9
Sequence location
2R:12,612,740..12,623,197 [+]
Recombination map

2-67

RefSeq locus
NT_033778 REGION:12612740..12623197
Sequence
Get Decorated FASTA
Genomic Maps
Other Genome Views
The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.
NCBI
UCSC
Ensembl
PopFly
Function
GO Summary Ribbons
Gene Group (FlyBase)
Protein Family (UniProt)
Belongs to the G-alpha family. G(q) subfamily. (P23625)
Protein Signatures (InterPro)
Molecular Function (GO)
[Detailed GO annotations]
Experimental Evidence
GTPase activity
Predictions / Assertions
G protein-coupled receptor binding; G-protein beta/gamma-subunit complex binding; GTPase activity; guanyl nucleotide binding
Summaries
Gene Group (FlyBase)
HETEROTRIMERIC G-PROTEIN ALPHA SUBUNITS -
The Heterotrimeric G-protein alpha subunits (Gα) can bind guanine nucleotide. When inactive, Gα is bound to GDP and associates with Gβγ forming an heterotrimer. Upon GTP binding, Gα dissociates from the heterotrimer Gαβγ. Gα has an intrinsic guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase) activity. (Adapted from FBrf0209904 and FBrf0183798).
Protein Function (UniProtKB)
Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as modulators or transducers in various transmembrane signaling systems. Could be the transducin analog, an amplifier and one of the transducers of a visual impulse that performs the coupling between opsin and cGMP-phosphodiesterase. Could mediate a subset of olfactory and gustatory responses.
(UniProt, P23625)
Gene Model and Products
Number of Transcripts
7
Number of Unique Polypeptides
3

Please see the GBrowse view of Dmel\Gαq or the JBrowse view of Dmel\Gαq for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)
Isoform displayed:
Pfam protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Protein Domains (via SMART)
Isoform displayed:
SMART protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Comments on Gene Model

Tissue-specific extension of 3' UTRs observed during later stages (FBrf0218523, FBrf0219848); all variants may not be annotated

Stage-specific extension of 3' UTRs observed during embryogenesis (FBrf0215804); all variants may not be annotated.

5' UTR contains an ORF described as a putative conserved uORF (FBrf0204849); potential peptide 31aa in length.

Low-frequency RNA-Seq exon junction(s) not annotated.

Annotated transcripts do not represent all possible combinations of alternative exons and/or alternative promoters.

Annotated transcripts do not represent all supported alternative splices within 5' UTR.

Gene model reviewed during 5.46

gene_with_dicistronic_mRNA ; SO:0000722

Gene model reviewed during 5.54

Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene
gene_with_dicistronic_mRNA
(FlyBase Genome Annotators, 2013)
nuclear_gene
protein_coding_gene
Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name
FlyBase ID
RefSeq ID
Length (nt)
Assoc. CDS (aa)
Gαq-RA
FBtr0087829
NM_165919
3050
353
Gαq-RC
FBtr0087831
NM_165921
3660
353
Gαq-RD
FBtr0087832
NM_165924
1615
353
Gαq-RE
FBtr0087833
NM_165922
3509
353
Gαq-RG
FBtr0087830
NM_165923
3017
353
Gαq-RJ
FBtr0333101
NM_165920
1813
396
Gαq-RK
FBtr0304955
NM_165925
5648
353
Additional Transcript Data and Comments
Reported size (kB)

3.549 (longest cDNA)

(Talluri et al., 1995)

1.8 (northern blot)

(Lee et al., 1990)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name
FlyBase ID
Predicted MW (kDa)
Length (aa)
Theoretical pI
RefSeq ID
GenBank
Gαq-PA
FBpp0086942
41.6
353
4.83
NP_725191
AAF58485
Gαq-PC
FBpp0086944
41.6
353
4.83
NP_725193
AAM68627
Gαq-PD
FBpp0086945
41.3
353
4.94
NP_725196
AAM68631
Gαq-PE
FBpp0086946
41.6
353
4.83
NP_725194
AAM68628
Gαq-PG
FBpp0086943
41.6
353
4.83
NP_725195
AAM68629
Gαq-PJ
FBpp0305314
46.4
396
4.64
NP_725192
AAG22276
Gαq-PK
FBpp0293494
41.6
353
4.83
NP_725197
AAM68632
Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

The group(s) of polypeptides indicated below share identical sequence to each other.

353 aa isoforms: Gαq-PA, Gαq-PC, Gαq-PE, Gαq-PG, Gαq-PK
Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments
Reported size (kDa)

353 (aa)

(Talluri et al., 1995)

317 (aa); 41.3, 37.2 (kD predicted)

(Lee et al., 1990)
Comments

Gβ76C protein, Gα49B protein, and Gγ30A protein are all expressed in the same pattern supporting the hypothesis that Gγ30A is part of a heterotrimeric eye-specific G protein.

(Schulz et al., 1999)
External Data
Crossreferences
InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
Linkouts
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
Nucleotide / Polypeptide Records
 
UniProt
Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\Gαq using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data
Crossreferences
Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
Linkouts
Gene Ontology (24 terms)
Molecular Function (4 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
GTPase activity
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Lee et al., 1994)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (4 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
G protein-coupled receptor binding
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000026392
(assigned by GO_Central )
(Gaudet et al., 2011)
G-protein beta/gamma-subunit complex binding
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000026392
(assigned by GO_Central )
(Gaudet et al., 2011)
GTPase activity
inferred from sequence or structural similarity with MGI:MGI:95776
(Strathmann and Simon, 1990)
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000026392
(assigned by GO_Central )
(Gaudet et al., 2011)
guanyl nucleotide binding
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR001019
(assigned by InterPro )
(FlyBase Curators et al., 2004-)
Biological Process (16 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (14 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
activation of phospholipase C activity
inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:norpA; FB:FBgn0262738
(Bahner et al., 2000)
inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:rdgB; FB:FBgn0003218
(Lee et al., 1994)
inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:norpA; FB:FBgn0262738
(Lee et al., 1994)
axon midline choice point recognition
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Ratnaparkhi et al., 2002)
cellular response to carbon dioxide
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Yao and Carlson, 2010)
flight behavior
inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:Itpr; FB:FBgn0010051
(Banerjee et al., 2006)
metarhodopsin inactivation
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Hu et al., 2012)
mucosal immune response
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Ha et al., 2009)
negative regulation of compound eye retinal cell programmed cell death
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Iakhine et al., 2004)
neuron cellular homeostasis
inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:GluRIinferred by curator; FB:FBgn0046113
(Brusich et al., 2015)
phototransduction
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Cao et al., 2018, Lee et al., 1994)
inferred from direct assay
(Elia et al., 2005)
inferred from expression pattern
(Lee et al., 1994)
regulation of neuromuscular synaptic transmission
inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:GluRIinferred by curator; FB:FBgn0046113
(Brusich et al., 2015)
rhodopsin mediated signaling pathway
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Han et al., 2007, Lee et al., 1994)
sensory perception of smell
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Kain et al., 2008)
stabilization of membrane potential
inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:Itpr; FB:FBgn0010051
(Banerjee et al., 2006)
thermotaxis
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Shen et al., 2011)
inferred from direct assay
(Kwon et al., 2008)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (3 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
adenylate cyclase-modulating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000026392
(assigned by GO_Central )
(Gaudet et al., 2011)
phospholipase C-activating dopamine receptor signaling pathway
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000026396
(assigned by GO_Central )
(Gaudet et al., 2011)
phototransduction
traceable author statement
(Montell, 1999)
Cellular Component (4 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (3 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
inaD signaling complex
inferred from direct assay
(Bahner et al., 2000)
plasma membrane
inferred from high throughput direct assay
(Tan et al., 2009)
rhabdomere
inferred from direct assay
(Lee et al., 1994)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
heterotrimeric G-protein complex
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000026392
(assigned by GO_Central )
(Gaudet et al., 2011)
inferred from sequence or structural similarity with MGI:MGI:95776
(Strathmann and Simon, 1990)
rhabdomere
traceable author statement
(Montell, 1999)
Expression Data
Expression Summary Ribbons
Colored tiles in ribbon indicate that expression data has been curated by FlyBase for that anatomical location. Colorless tiles indicate that there is no curated data for that location.
For complete stage-specific expression data, view the modENCODE Development RNA-Seq section under High-Throughput Expression below.
Transcript Expression
expression microarray
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
adult stage
eye
(Xu et al., 2004)
in situ
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
embryonic stage 13 -- 17
presumptive embryonic/larval central nervous system
(Ratnaparkhi et al., 2002)
embryonic stage 16 -- 17
Bolwig organ
(Ratnaparkhi et al., 2002)
embryonic stage 1 -- 3
organism

Comment: maternally deposited

(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 4 -- 6
organism | ubiquitous
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 9 -- 10
head mesoderm
(Fisher et al., 2012)
trunk mesoderm
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 11 -- 12
anterior midgut primordium
(Fisher et al., 2012)
central brain primordium
(Fisher et al., 2012)
foregut primordium
(Fisher et al., 2012)
hindgut proper primordium
(Fisher et al., 2012)
organism | ubiquitous
(Fisher et al., 2012)
posterior midgut primordium
(Fisher et al., 2012)
ventral nerve cord primordium
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 13 -- 16
Bolwig organ
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic brain
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic foregut
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic head sensory system
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic hindgut
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic/larval nervous system
(Fisher et al., 2012)
ventral nerve cord
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 9 -- 17
organism

Comment: extended 3' UTR isoform

(Hilgers et al., 2011)
northern blot
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
adult stage
retina
(Lee et al., 1990)
adult head
(Lee et al., 1990)
ocellus
(Lee et al., 1990)
pcr
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
adult stage
adult brain
(Alvarez et al., 1996)
eye
(Alvarez et al., 1996)
ocellus
(Alvarez et al., 1996)
(Alvarez et al., 1996)
spermatogenesis & adult stage
testis
(Alvarez et al., 1996)
RT-PCR
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
adult stage | male
organism
(Ratnaparkhi et al., 2002)
testis
(McGurk et al., 2008)
adult stage | female
organism
(Ratnaparkhi et al., 2002)
adult stage
adult head

Comment: all isoforms

(Boto et al., 2010, Ratnaparkhi et al., 2002)
appendage
(Ratnaparkhi et al., 2002)
third segment of antenna

Comment: all isoforms except Gq-RD (Gα49B-RD)

(Boto et al., 2010)
maxillary palpus

Comment: all isoforms except Gq-RD (Gα49B-RD)

(Boto et al., 2010)
antenna
(Yao and Carlson, 2010)
labellum
(Bredendiek et al., 2011)
embryonic stage
organism
(Ratnaparkhi et al., 2002)
Additional Descriptive Data

Zygotic-specific isoforms of Gαq with long 3' UTR extensions were observed.

(Hilgers et al., 2011)

RT-PCR analysis shows that the isoforms -RA, -RB, -RC, -RE, -RG and -RH of G-iα65A are expressed in the adult head, third segment of the antenna and maxillary palps. The isoform Gα49B-RD is only detected in the adult head.

(Boto et al., 2010)

Eye-enriched transcripts determined by ratio of expression level in wild-type heads. versus expression level in so heads.

(Xu et al., 2004)
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Polypeptide Expression
immunolocalization
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
adult stage
rhabdomere
(Lee et al., 1994)
lamina
(Astorga et al., 2012, Schulz et al., 1999, Talluri et al., 1995)
eye
(Lee et al., 1994)
ocellus
(Lee et al., 1994)
photoreceptor cell
(Bernardo-Garcia et al., 2016, Schulz et al., 1999)
third segment of antenna
(Talluri et al., 1995)
proboscis | restricted
(Talluri et al., 1995)
maxillary palpus
(Talluri et al., 1995)
medulla
(Schulz et al., 1999)
third segment of antenna | restricted
(Boto et al., 2010)
olfactory sensory organ | subset
(Boto et al., 2010)
photoreceptor
(Astorga et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 12 -- 17
presumptive embryonic/larval central nervous system
(Ratnaparkhi et al., 2002)
embryonic stage 13 -- 17
embryonic fiber tract
(Ratnaparkhi et al., 2002)
embryonic stage 12 -- 13
epithelium of embryonic/larval midgut primordium
(Ratnaparkhi et al., 2002)
pupal stage P6 -- adult stage
adult olfactory receptor neuron
(Kain et al., 2008)
antenna | restricted
(Kain et al., 2008)
third segment of antenna | restricted
(Kain et al., 2008)
mass spectroscopy
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
day 5 of adulthood & male -- day 7 of adulthood & male
spermatozoon
(Dorus et al., 2006)
day 7 of adulthood -- day 49 of adulthood
adult heart
(Cammarato et al., 2011)
adult stage
adult head
(Aradska et al., 2015)
western blot
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
embryonic stage
organism
(Ratnaparkhi et al., 2002)
adult stage
head
(Ratnaparkhi et al., 2002)
adult head
(Tian et al., 2013)
Additional Descriptive Data

Gα49B protein is expressed in the neurons, neuronal processes and non-neuronal tissues of the third segment of the antenna. It co-localises with G-iα65A protein.

(Boto et al., 2010)

Gα49B protein is localized to the photoreceptor cells of the retina. It is also detected in the lamina and the medulla, presumably in axons of the photoreceptor cells that project to these optic ganglia.

(Schulz et al., 1999)

In adult head sections, this Gα49B protein isoform localizes to the third antennal segment, the maxillary palps, the tip of the proboscis, and the lamina. A subset of the staining detected in the third antennal segment localizes to olfactory neurons.

(Talluri et al., 1995)

Gα49B proteins are detected in all rhabdomeres of the eye, and in ocelli.

(Lee et al., 1994)
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Evidence
References
inaD signaling complex
inferred from direct assay
(Bahner et al., 2000)
plasma membrane
inferred from high throughput direct assay
(Tan et al., 2009)
rhabdomere
inferred from direct assay
(Lee et al., 1994)
Expression Deduced from Reporters
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools

GBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\Gαq in GBrowse 2
RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region
Bulk Downloads
RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes
Reference
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle
Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis
External Data and Images
Linkouts
BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies
FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
Images
FlyExpress - Embryonic expression images (BDGP data)
  • Stages(s) 1-3
  • Stages(s) 4-6
  • Stages(s) 9-10
  • Stages(s) 11-12
FlyBase Wiki
Image Based Resources
Alleles, Insertions, and Transgenic Constructs
Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 12 )
For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show
 
Other relevant insertions
Transgenic Constructs ( 29 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of Gαq
Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of Gαq
Deletions and Duplications ( 5 )
Phenotypes
For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.
Lethality
Allele
lethal (with Df(2R)vg-C)
lethal (with Gαq221c)
lethal (with Gαq1370)
lethal | recessive
lethal - all die before end of first instar larval stage
lethal - all die before end of larval stage | recessive
partially lethal - majority die, with Scer\GAL4phm.PO
viable (with Gαq1)
viable (with Gαq221c)
viable (with Gαq1370)
Other Phenotypes
Allele
behavior defective | recessive
chemosensitive behavior defective | adult stage
chemosensitive behavior defective | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4Orco.2.642.Hsim\VP22
chemosensitive behavior defective | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4TrpA1.PR
flightless | partially, with Scer\GAL4Ddc.PL
immune response defective
majority die during larval stage, with Scer\GAL4phm.PO
neuroanatomy defective, with Scer\GAL4ap-md544
neuroanatomy defective, with Scer\GAL4elav-C155
neuroanatomy defective, with Scer\GAL4ftz.ng
neuroanatomy defective | embryonic stage, with Scer\GAL415J2
neuroanatomy defective | third instar larval stage
neuroanatomy defective | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4unspecified
neurophysiology defective
neurophysiology defective, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PF
neurophysiology defective, with Scer\GAL4Gαq.PS
neurophysiology defective, with Scer\GAL4hs.PB
neurophysiology defective, with Scer\GAL4Orco.2.642.Hsim\VP22
neurophysiology defective (with Df(2R)Exel7121)
neurophysiology defective (with Gαq1)
neurophysiology defective (with Gαq961)
neurophysiology defective | adult stage
neurophysiology defective | adult stage (with Df(2R)Exel7121)
neurophysiology defective | adult stage (with Df(2R)Gαq1.3)
neurophysiology defective | adult stage (with Gαq1)
neurophysiology defective | adult stage (with GαqV303D)
neurophysiology defective | dominant
neurophysiology defective | heat sensitive, with Scer\GAL4hs.PU
neurophysiology defective | recessive, with Scer\GAL4Gr21a.PC
neurophysiology defective | somatic clone
sensory perception defective, with Scer\GAL4Gr21a.9.323
short lived | nutrition conditional
smell perception defective
smell perception defective, with Scer\GAL4c309
smell perception defective, with Scer\GAL4Gr21a.PC
smell perception defective, with Scer\GAL4Tab2-201Y
smell perception defective, with Scer\GAL4VP16.Orco
smell perception defective | heat sensitive, with Scer\GAL4hs.PU
smell perception defective | heat sensitive, with Scer\GAL80ts.αTub84B
some die during first instar larval stage
some die during larval stage | recessive
thermotaxis behavior defective
thermotaxis behavior defective, with Scer\GAL4TrpA1.PR
thermotaxis behavior defective | larval stage, with Scer\GAL4ninaE.PT
thermotaxis behavior defective | third instar larval stage
thermotaxis behavior defective | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4Rh5-G
thermotaxis behavior defective | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4Rh6-G
thermotaxis behavior defective | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4TrpA1-AB-G4
thermotaxis behavior defective | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4TrpA1-CD-G4
visual behavior defective | recessive
wild-type
Phenotype manifest in
Allele
adult olfactory receptor neuron ab11a
adult olfactory receptor neuron Gr21a/63a, with Scer\GAL4Gr21a.9.323
adult olfactory receptor neuron Gr21a/63a | heat sensitive, with Scer\GAL4hs.PU
adult olfactory receptor neuron Or22, with Scer\GAL4VP16.Orco
adult olfactory receptor neuron Or42b, with Scer\GAL4VP16.Orco
adult olfactory receptor neuron Or59b, with Scer\GAL4Gαq.PS
adult olfactory receptor neuron Or59b, with Scer\GAL4VP16.Orco
adult olfactory receptor neuron Or59b | somatic clone
axon | third instar larval stage
axon | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4unspecified
commissure | embryonic stage, with Scer\GAL4elav-C155
dMP2 neuron, with Scer\GAL415J2
embryonic/larval neuromuscular junction | third instar larval stage
embryonic/larval neuromuscular junction | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4unspecified
eye photoreceptor cell
fascicle | embryonic stage, with Scer\GAL4ap-md544
fascicle | embryonic stage, with Scer\GAL4elav-C155
fascicle | embryonic stage, with Scer\GAL4ftz.ng
neuropil | embryonic stage, with Scer\GAL4elav-C155
pCC neuron, with Scer\GAL4ftz.ng
photoreceptor
photoreceptor cell
photoreceptor cell, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PF
pupa, with Scer\GAL4CCAP.PP
pupa, with Scer\GAL4Lk.PM
retina | adult stage
retina | conditional
rhabdomere
rhabdomere | adult stage
wing, with Scer\GAL4Ddc.PL
Orthologs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Orthologs
Download All OrthoDB Orthologs
Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v7.1)
Homo sapiens (Human) (16)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
Isobase
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
RoundUp
TreeFam
ZFIN
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Hsap\GNAQ
14 of 15
Yes
Yes
Hsap\GNA11
12 of 15
No
Yes
 
Hsap\GNA14
6 of 15
No
Yes
Hsap\GNA15
4 of 15
No
Yes
Hsap\GNAT2
3 of 15
No
No
Hsap\GNAT3
3 of 15
No
No
Hsap\GNAZ
3 of 15
No
No
Hsap\GNA12
2 of 15
No
No
Hsap\GNA13
2 of 15
No
No
 
Hsap\GNAI1
2 of 15
No
No
Hsap\GNAI2
2 of 15
No
No
Hsap\GNAI3
2 of 15
No
No
Hsap\GNAL
2 of 15
No
No
Hsap\GNAO1
2 of 15
No
No
 
Hsap\GNAT1
2 of 15
No
No
Hsap\GNAS
1 of 15
No
No
 
Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v7.1)
Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (16)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
Isobase
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
RoundUp
TreeFam
ZFIN
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Mmus\Gnaq
14 of 15
Yes
Yes
Mmus\Gna11
12 of 15
No
Yes
Mmus\Gna14
6 of 15
No
Yes
Mmus\Gna15
4 of 15
No
Yes
Mmus\Gnat2
3 of 15
No
No
Mmus\Gnat3
3 of 15
No
No
Mmus\Gnaz
3 of 15
No
No
Mmus\Gna12
2 of 15
No
No
Mmus\Gna13
2 of 15
No
No
Mmus\Gnai1
2 of 15
No
No
Mmus\Gnai2
2 of 15
No
No
Mmus\Gnal
2 of 15
No
No
Mmus\Gnao1
2 of 15
No
No
Mmus\Gnat1
2 of 15
No
No
Mmus\Gnai3
1 of 15
No
No
Mmus\Gnas
1 of 15
No
No
Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (15)
Rnor\Gnaq
10 of 13
Yes
Yes
Rnor\Gna11
9 of 13
No
Yes
Rnor\Gna14
5 of 13
No
Yes
Rnor\Gna15
3 of 13
No
Yes
Rnor\Gna12
2 of 13
No
No
Rnor\Gna13
2 of 13
No
No
Rnor\Gnai1
2 of 13
No
No
Rnor\Gnai2
2 of 13
No
No
Rnor\Gnai3
2 of 13
No
No
Rnor\Gnal
2 of 13
No
No
Rnor\Gnao1
2 of 13
No
No
Rnor\Gnat1
2 of 13
No
No
Rnor\Gnat2
2 of 13
No
No
Rnor\Gnat3
2 of 13
No
No
Rnor\Gnaz
2 of 13
No
No
Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (13)
Xtro\gnaq
11 of 12
Yes
Yes
Xtro\gna11
7 of 12
No
Yes
Xtro\gna14
5 of 12
No
Yes
Xtro\gnaz
3 of 12
No
Yes
Xtro\gna13
2 of 12
No
No
Xtro\gna15
2 of 12
No
Yes
Xtro\gnai1
2 of 12
No
No
Xtro\gnai3
2 of 12
No
No
Xtro\gnat1
2 of 12
No
No
Xtro\gnai2
1 of 12
No
No
Xtro\gnao1
1 of 12
No
No
Xtro\gnas
1 of 12
No
No
Xtro\gnat2
1 of 12
No
No
Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (27)
Drer\gnaq
13 of 15
Yes
Yes
Drer\gna11a
12 of 15
No
Yes
Drer\gna11b
10 of 15
No
Yes
Drer\gna15.1
3 of 15
No
Yes
Drer\gna15.4
3 of 15
No
Yes
Drer\gnat2
3 of 15
No
No
Drer\gna12a
2 of 15
No
No
Drer\gna13a
2 of 15
No
No
Drer\gna14
2 of 15
No
Yes
Drer\gnai1
2 of 15
No
No
Drer\gnai2a
2 of 15
No
No
Drer\gnai3
2 of 15
No
No
Drer\gnaia
2 of 15
No
No
Drer\gnao1a
2 of 15
No
No
Drer\gnao1b
2 of 15
No
No
Drer\gnas
2 of 15
No
No
Drer\gnat1
2 of 15
No
No
Drer\gnaz
2 of 15
No
Yes
Drer\ftr61
1 of 15
No
Yes
Drer\gna13b
1 of 15
No
No
Drer\gna14a
1 of 15
No
Yes
Drer\gna15.2
1 of 15
No
Yes
Drer\gnai2b
1 of 15
No
No
Drer\gnal
1 of 15
No
No
Drer\gnav1
1 of 15
No
No
Drer\si:ch211-207c7.2
1 of 15
No
Yes
Drer\zgc:56095
1 of 15
No
No
Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (20)
Cele\egl-30
14 of 15
Yes
Yes
Cele\goa-1
2 of 15
No
No
Cele\gpa-1
2 of 15
No
No
Cele\gpa-2
2 of 15
No
No
Cele\gpa-3
2 of 15
No
No
Cele\gpa-4
2 of 15
No
No
Cele\gpa-6
2 of 15
No
No
Cele\gpa-7
2 of 15
No
No
Cele\gpa-8
2 of 15
No
No
Cele\gpa-10
2 of 15
No
No
Cele\gpa-12
2 of 15
No
No
Cele\gpa-15
2 of 15
No
No
Cele\gpa-16
2 of 15
No
No
Cele\gsa-1
2 of 15
No
No
Cele\odr-3
2 of 15
No
No
Cele\gpa-5
1 of 15
No
No
Cele\gpa-9
1 of 15
No
No
Cele\gpa-11
1 of 15
No
No
Cele\gpa-13
1 of 15
No
No
Cele\gpa-14
1 of 15
No
No
Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (4)
Atha\GP ALPHA 1
7 of 9
Yes
No
Atha\XLG1
2 of 9
No
Yes
Atha\XLG2
2 of 9
No
Yes
Atha\XLG3
2 of 9
No
Yes
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (2)
Scer\GPA2
7 of 15
Yes
No
Scer\GPA1
4 of 15
No
No
Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (2)
Spom\gpa1
6 of 12
Yes
No
Spom\gpa2
6 of 12
Yes
No
Orthologs in Drosophila Species (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG09190841 )
Organism
Common Name
Gene
AAA Syntenic Ortholog
Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly
Dmel\Gαq
Drosophila suzukii
Spotted wing Drosophila
Dsuz\DS10_00006665
Drosophila simulans
Dsim\GD10904
Drosophila sechellia
Dsec\GM21408
Drosophila erecta
Dere\GG20320
Drosophila yakuba
Dyak\GE12481
Drosophila ananassae
Dana\GF13398
Drosophila pseudoobscura pseudoobscura
Dpse\GA14650
Drosophila persimilis
Dper\GL20009
Drosophila willistoni
Dwil\GK23154
Drosophila virilis
Dvir\GJ22327
Drosophila mojavensis
Dmoj\GI20476
Drosophila grimshawi
Dgri\GH21190
Orthologs in non-Drosophila Dipterans (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG091506SF )
Organism
Common Name
Gene
Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group
Musca domestica
House fly
Mdoa\17021769
Glossina morsitans
Tsetse fly
Gmor\GMOY012035
Lucilia cuprina
Australian sheep blowfly
Lcup\FF38_13339
Mayetiola destructor
Hessian fly
Mdes\Mdes009065
Aedes aegypti
Yellow fever mosquito
Aaeg\AAEL010506
Anopheles darlingi
American malaria mosquito
Adar\ADAC008876
Anopheles gambiae
Malaria mosquito
Agam\AGAP005079
Culex quinquefasciatus
Southern house mosquito
Cqui\CPIJ010818
Orthologs in non-Dipteran Insects (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG090W06YL )
Organism
Common Name
Gene
Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group
Bombyx mori
Silkmoth
Bmor\BGIBMGA012492
Danaus plexippus
Monarch butterfly
Dple\DPOGS201228-PA
Danaus plexippus
Monarch butterfly
Dple\DPOGS201227-PA
Heliconius melpomene
Postman butterfly
Hmel\HMEL005351
Apis florea
Little honeybee
Aflo\2442262756
Apis mellifera
Western honey bee
Amel\GB43282
Bombus impatiens
Common eastern bumble bee
Bimp\BIMP11254
Bombus terrestris
Buff-tailed bumblebee
Bter\15202788
Linepithema humile
Argentine ant
Lhum\LH24916
Megachile rotundata
Alfalfa leafcutting bee
Mrot\MROTU:002e96
Nasonia vitripennis
Parasitic wasp
Nvit\Nasvi2EG007947
Dendroctonus ponderosae
Mountain pine beetle
Dpod\YQE_08928
Dendroctonus ponderosae
Mountain pine beetle
Dpod\YQE_01517
Dendroctonus ponderosae
Mountain pine beetle
Dpod\YQE_04696
Tribolium castaneum
Red flour beetle
Tcas\TC000634
Pediculus humanus
Human body louse
Phum\PHUM157770
Rhodnius prolixus
Kissing bug
Rpro\RPRC015352
Cimex lectularius
Bed bug
Clec\CLEC004016
Acyrthosiphon pisum
Pea aphid
Apim\ACYPI004308
Zootermopsis nevadensis
Nevada dampwood termite
Znev\Znev_09630
Orthologs in non-Insect Arthropods (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG090X0CE7 )
Organism
Common Name
Gene
Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group
Strigamia maritima
European centipede
Smar\SMAR013384
Strigamia maritima
European centipede
Smar\SMAR010110
Ixodes scapularis
Black-legged tick
Isca\ISCW008109
Ixodes scapularis
Black-legged tick
Isca\ISCW017464
Stegodyphus mimosarum
African social velvet spider
Smim\KFM75456.1
Stegodyphus mimosarum
African social velvet spider
Smim\KFM59373.1
Stegodyphus mimosarum
African social velvet spider
Smim\KFM79146.1
Stegodyphus mimosarum
African social velvet spider
Smim\KFM61420.1
Tetranychus urticae
Two-spotted spider mite
Turt\tetur05g01580
Tetranychus urticae
Two-spotted spider mite
Turt\tetur04g03270
Tetranychus urticae
Two-spotted spider mite
Turt\tetur15g03060
Daphnia pulex
Water flea
Dpux\DAPPUDRAFT_37840
Daphnia pulex
Water flea
Dpux\DAPPUDRAFT_211929
Daphnia pulex
Water flea
Dpux\DAPPUDRAFT_59367
Daphnia pulex
Water flea
Dpux\DAPPUDRAFT_188187
Daphnia pulex
Water flea
Dpux\DAPPUDRAFT_193276
Orthologs in non-Arthropod Metazoa (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG091G0VUT )
Organism
Common Name
Gene
Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group
Strongylocentrotus purpuratus
Purple sea urchin
Spur\Sp-Gi
Strongylocentrotus purpuratus
Purple sea urchin
Spur\Sp-Gol
Strongylocentrotus purpuratus
Purple sea urchin
Spur\Sp-Gq
Strongylocentrotus purpuratus
Purple sea urchin
Spur\Sp-Go
Strongylocentrotus purpuratus
Purple sea urchin
Spur\Sp-Gol/Dup
Strongylocentrotus purpuratus
Purple sea urchin
Spur\Sp-Gicterm
Ciona intestinalis
Vase tunicate
Cint\ENSCING00000003915
Ciona intestinalis
Vase tunicate
Cint\ENSCING00000000283
Ciona intestinalis
Vase tunicate
Cint\ENSCING00000000839
Ciona intestinalis
Vase tunicate
Cint\ENSCING00000005305
Ciona intestinalis
Vase tunicate
Cint\ENSCING00000018963
Gallus gallus
Domestic chicken
Ggal\ENSGALG00000028697
Gallus gallus
Domestic chicken
Ggal\GNAO1
Gallus gallus
Domestic chicken
Ggal\GNAZ
Gallus gallus
Domestic chicken
Ggal\GNA11
Gallus gallus
Domestic chicken
Ggal\ENSGALG00000004639
Gallus gallus
Domestic chicken
Ggal\ENSGALG00000028452
Gallus gallus
Domestic chicken
Ggal\GNA14
Gallus gallus
Domestic chicken
Ggal\ENSGALG00000000041
Gallus gallus
Domestic chicken
Ggal\ENSGALG00000003238
Gallus gallus
Domestic chicken
Ggal\GNAT3
Gallus gallus
Domestic chicken
Ggal\GNAI3
Paralogs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Paralogs
Paralogs (via DIOPT v7.1)
Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (7)
Gene Symbol
Score
Source
Compara
eggNOG
Homologene
Inparanoid
Isobase
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
orthoMCL
Panther
RoundUp
Alignment
CG17760
7 of 10
CG30054
6 of 10
Gαi
5 of 10
Gαo
5 of 10
cta
4 of 10
Gαs
4 of 10
Gαf
3 of 10
Human Disease Associations
FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports
    Disease Model Summary Ribbon
    Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations
    Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 3 )
    Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Interaction
    References
    Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v7.1 and OMIM)
    Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.
    Homo sapiens (Human)
    Gene name
    Score
    OMIM
    OMIM Phenotype
    DO term
    Complementation?
    Transgene?
    GNAQ; G protein subunit alpha q
    14 of 15
    600998
    GNA11; G protein subunit alpha 11
    12 of 15
    139313
     
    GNA14; G protein subunit alpha 14
    6 of 15
    604397
        GNA15; G protein subunit alpha 15
        4 of 15
        139314
            GNAT2; G protein subunit alpha transducin 2
            3 of 15
            139340
            GNAT3; G protein subunit alpha transducin 3
            3 of 15
            139395
                GNAZ; G protein subunit alpha z
                3 of 15
                139160
                    Functional Complementation Data
                    Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.
                    Interactions
                    Summary of Physical Interactions
                    esyN Network Diagram
                    Show neighbor-neighbor interactions:
                    Select Layout:
                    Legend:
                    Protein
                    RNA
                    Selected Interactor(s)
                    Interactions Browser
                    View in Interactions Browser
                    Please see the Physical Interaction reports below for full details
                    protein-protein
                    Physical Interaction
                    Assay
                    References
                    Gαq - Tsp42Ej
                    pull down, anti tag western blot
                    (Han et al., 2007)
                    Gαq - rl
                    anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting
                    (Friedman et al., 2011)
                    Gαq - trp
                    anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot
                    (Bahner et al., 2000)
                    Summary of Genetic Interactions
                    esyN Network Diagram
                    esyN Network Key:
                    Suppression
                    Enhancement
                    View in Interactions Browser
                    Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions
                    Starting gene(s)
                    Interaction type
                    Interacting gene(s)
                    Reference
                    Gαq|rdgC
                    enhanceable
                    Arr2
                    (Kiselev et al., 2000)
                    Gαq|rdgC
                    suppressible
                    Arr2
                    (Kiselev et al., 2000)
                    Gαq
                    enhanceable
                    fra
                    (Ratnaparkhi et al., 2002)
                    Gαq
                    suppressible
                    fra
                    (Hiramoto and Hiromi, 2006, Ratnaparkhi et al., 2002)
                    Gαq
                    suppressible
                    Gβ76C
                    (Elia et al., 2005)
                    Gαq
                    suppressible
                    Itpr
                    (Yamanaka et al., 2015)
                    Gαq
                    enhanceable
                    Plc21C
                    (Kain et al., 2008)
                    Itpr|Gαq
                    enhanceable
                    Plc21C
                    (Banerjee et al., 2006)
                    Gαq
                    suppressible
                    Rab3
                    (Yamanaka et al., 2015)
                    Gαq
                    suppressible
                    rdgA
                    (Hardie et al., 2002)
                    Gαq
                    suppressible
                    robo1
                    (Hiramoto and Hiromi, 2006, Ratnaparkhi et al., 2002)
                    Gαq
                    enhanceable
                    robo1
                    (Ratnaparkhi et al., 2002)
                    Gαq|Itpr|Plc21C
                    suppressible
                    SERCA
                    (Banerjee et al., 2006)
                    Gαq|Itpr
                    suppressible
                    SERCA
                    (Banerjee et al., 2006)
                    Gαq
                    suppressible
                    stac
                    (Yamanaka et al., 2015)
                    Gαq
                    suppressible
                    Syt1
                    (Yamanaka et al., 2015)
                    Starting gene(s)
                    Interaction type
                    Interacting gene(s)
                    Reference
                    Arr2
                    suppressible
                    Gαq
                    (Kiselev et al., 2000)
                    cac
                    enhanceable
                    Gαq
                    (Brusich et al., 2018)
                    Camta
                    suppressible
                    Gαq
                    (Han et al., 2006)
                    Gβ76C
                    suppressible
                    Gαq
                    (Elia et al., 2005)
                    Itpr
                    enhanceable
                    Gαq
                    (Banerjee et al., 2006)
                    ninaE
                    suppressible
                    Arr2|Gαq
                    (Iakhine et al., 2004)
                    ninaE
                    suppressible
                    Gαq
                    (Iakhine et al., 2004)
                    Plc21C
                    enhanceable
                    Gαq
                    (Kain et al., 2008)
                    rdgA
                    suppressible
                    Gαq
                    (Kain et al., 2008, Georgiev et al., 2005)
                    robo1
                    enhanceable
                    Gαq
                    (Ratnaparkhi et al., 2002)
                    tadr
                    suppressible
                    Gαq
                    (Ni et al., 2008)
                    External Data
                    Linkouts
                    BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
                    DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
                    InterologFinder - Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets.
                    MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
                    MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
                    Pathways
                    Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)
                    Metabolic Pathways
                    External Data
                    Linkouts
                    KEGG Pathways - Wiring diagrams of molecular interactions, reactions and relations.
                    Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.
                    Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data
                    Chromosome (arm)
                    2R
                    Recombination map

                    2-67

                    Cytogenetic map
                    49B8-49B9
                    Sequence location
                    2R:12,612,740..12,623,197 [+]
                    FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
                    Cytogenetic map
                    Evidence for location
                    49B8-49B9
                    Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{EP}AmphEP2175&P{lacW}spt4k05316 and P{PZ}ox1
                    Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
                    Cytogenetic map
                    Notes
                    References
                    49B-49B
                    (determined by in situ hybridisation)
                    (Lee et al., 1990)
                    Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
                    Location

                    2-67

                    (FlyBase, 2016)

                    2-69.7

                    (Comeron et al., 2012)
                    Left of (cM)
                    Right of (cM)
                    Notes
                    Stocks and Reagents
                    Stocks (22)
                    Genomic Clones (19)
                    cDNA Clones (239)
                     

                    Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see GBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

                    cDNA clones, fully sequences
                    BDGP DGC clones
                    Other clones
                    Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

                    For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

                    cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
                    BDGP DGC clones
                    Other clones
                    RNAi and Array Information
                    Linkouts
                    DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
                    GenomeRNAi - A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents
                    Antibody Information
                    Laboratory Generated Antibodies
                     

                    polyclonal

                    (Katz and Minke, 2012, Rosenbaum et al., 2012, Talluri et al., 1995, Lee et al., 1994)
                    Commercially Available Antibodies
                     
                    Other Information
                    Relationship to Other Genes
                    Source for database identify of

                    Source for identity of: Gα49B CG17759

                    (Gabrielian, 1999.11)

                    Source for identity of: Gαq Gα49B

                    (FlyBase, 2009-)
                    Source for database merge of
                    Additional comments

                    One or more of the processed transcripts for this gene contain(s) two non-overlapping open reading frames (ORFs). The non-overlapping ORFs are represented by Gαq and CG45086.

                    (FlyBase Genome Annotators, 2013)

                    FlyBase curator comment: Genes encoding Gα subunits that have been named for their molecular function/orthology have had their symbols and names standardized following the format used in FBrf0220456, which also reflects popular usage in the Drosophila literature.

                    (FlyBase, 2009-)
                    Other Comments

                    Galpha49B signaling mediates odor identity discrimination in naive flies.

                    (Xia and Tully, 2007)

                    Excess of Gβ76C over Gα49B prevents dark, spontaneous activity of photoreceptors.

                    (Elia et al., 2005)

                    Gα49B is necessary for light-dependent architectural changes in the eye.

                    (Kosloff et al., 2003)

                    dsRNA made from templates generated with primers against this gene tested in a cl-8 cell reporter assay to examine any role of Gα49B in the hh signalling pathway.

                    (Lum, 2003)

                    Alternative splicing of Gα49B RNA and the distribution of the various isoforms has been analysed.

                    (Alvarez et al., 1996)

                    Gα49B is essential for photoreceptor cell function, and functions as a molecular switch, reporting activity upstream in the signalling pathway.

                    (Scott et al., 1995)

                    Gα49B mediates the stimulation by light-activated rhodopsin of the norpA-encoded phospholipase C in the visual transduction cascade.

                    (Lee et al., 1994)

                    Gα49B has been cloned and sequenced.

                    (Lee et al., 1990)

                    A Gα49B cDNA has been cloned and sequenced.

                    (Strathmann and Simon, 1990)
                    Origin and Etymology
                    Discoverer
                    Etymology
                    Identification
                    External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 66 )
                    Sequence Crossreferences
                    NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.
                    GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.
                    GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.
                    RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.
                    UniProt/Swiss-Prot - Manually annotated and reviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
                    Other crossreferences
                    BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
                    Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones
                    Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
                    Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
                    Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
                    GenomeRNAi - A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents
                    InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
                    KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.
                    modMine - A data warehouse for the modENCODE project
                    Linkouts
                    BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
                    DPiM - Drosophila Protein interaction map
                    DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
                    DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
                    FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies
                    FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
                    FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel
                    FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics
                    InterologFinder - Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets.
                    KEGG Pathways - Wiring diagrams of molecular interactions, reactions and relations.
                    MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
                    MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
                    Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.
                    Synonyms and Secondary IDs (55)
                    Reported As
                    Symbol Synonym
                    CG17759
                    (Aradska et al., 2015, Hanlon and Andrew, 2015, Rosa-Ferreira et al., 2015, Chen et al., 2012, Jaspers et al., 2012, Cammarato et al., 2011, Ni et al., 2011.7.19, Boto et al., 2010, Khanna et al., 2010, Ni et al., 2010.12.1, Zhang et al., 2010, Keleman et al., 2009.8.5, Ni et al., 2009, Perkins et al., 2009, Hayden and Bosco, 2008, Ni et al., 2008, Goldman and Arbeitman, 2007, Colicelli, 2004, Adams, 2002, Labourier et al., 2002)
                    DGq
                    (Huber et al., 1999, Hasan, 1998, Running Deer et al., 1995, Hyde et al., 1991)
                    DGqα
                    (Kosloff et al., 2003, Hyde et al., 1991, Strathmann and Simon, 1990)
                    DGαq
                    DGαq
                    (Hyde et al., 1993)
                    Dgq
                    (Tsunoda et al., 2001, Vinos et al., 1997, Yarfitz et al., 1994, Yarfitz et al., 1993)
                    DmGαq
                    (Bahner et al., 2000)
                    Dromel_CG17759_galpha49b_mORF
                    (Hayden and Bosco, 2008)
                    G alpha 49B
                    (Adams, 2002)
                    Gaq
                    (Kosloff et al., 2003)
                    Gq
                    (Astorga et al., 2012, Boto et al., 2010, Georgiev et al., 2005, Hardie, 2003, Voets and Nilius, 2003, Venkatachalam et al., 2002, Hardie, 2001, Liu et al., 2000)
                    Gqα
                    (Rosenbaum et al., 2014, Rosenbaum et al., 2011, Frechter et al., 2007, Cronin et al., 2004, Iakhine et al., 2004, Hardie, 2001)
                    Gqα
                    (Tsunoda et al., 1997)
                    Gαq
                    (Vasiliauskas et al., 2011, Ni et al., 2008, Han et al., 2007, Xia and Tully, 2007, Knox et al., 2003)
                    Gq
                    (Delmas et al., 2004)
                    G?q
                    (Pinal and Pichaud, 2007)
                    GNAQ/11/14
                    (Krishnan et al., 2015)
                    Galpha
                    (Ni et al., 2009)
                    Galpha49B
                    (Tsai et al., 2019, Ashwal-Fluss et al., 2014, Riveron et al., 2013, Sen et al., 2013, Japanese National Institute of Genetics, 2012.5.21, Friedman et al., 2011, Tan et al., 2009, Hayden and Bosco, 2008, Haerty et al., 2007, Dorus et al., 2006, Dorus et al., 2006, Reiter et al., 2001)
                    Galpha49b
                    (Lum, 2003)
                    Galphaq
                    (Kline et al., 2017, Transgenic RNAi Project members, 2017-)
                    Gaq
                    (Brodskiy et al., 2019, Chorna and Hasan, 2012, Pinal and Pichaud, 2007, Elia et al., 2005, Hardie et al., 2002)
                    Gq
                    (Musselman and Kühnlein, 2018, Ogueta et al., 2018, Himmelreich et al., 2017, Thakur et al., 2016, Wang et al., 2016, Chen et al., 2015, Tian et al., 2013, Boto et al., 2010, Kain et al., 2009, Boto et al., 2007, Kwon and Montell, 2006, Kain et al., 2005)
                    Gqa-3
                    (Zelhof et al., 2001)
                    Gqalpha
                    (Voolstra et al., 2015, Riveron et al., 2013)
                    Gqα
                    (Katz and Minke, 2018, Leung and Montell, 2017, Yasin et al., 2017, Hanlon and Andrew, 2015, Pak et al., 2012, Rosenbaum et al., 2012, Bredendiek et al., 2011, Kain et al., 2010, Sanxaridis et al., 2007, Rosenbaum et al., 2006, Montell, 2005, Xu et al., 2004, Montell, 1999, Wes et al., 1999)
                    Gqαe
                    (Elia et al., 2005)
                    Gqαe
                    (Pinal and Pichaud, 2011)
                    Gqα{e}
                    (Elia et al., 2005)
                    Gα
                    (Yamashita et al., 2005, Lee and Montell, 2004, Zemelman et al., 2002, Tsunoda et al., 2001, Burack and Shaw, 2000)
                    Gα49B
                    (Al-Ramahi et al., 2018, Sokabe et al., 2016, Im et al., 2015, Shen et al., 2011, Kwon et al., 2008, McGurk et al., 2008, Meyer et al., 2008, Bakal et al., 2007, Landry et al., 2007, Dorus et al., 2006, Taraszka et al., 2005, Yang et al., 2005)
                    Gα49b
                    (Hanlon and Andrew, 2015)
                    Gαq
                    (Hu et al., 2012, Elsaesser et al., 2010, Yao and Carlson, 2010, Wang et al., 2008, Lee et al., 2004, Harris and Lim, 2001, Montell, 2000, Schulz et al., 1999)
                    Gαq
                    (Cao et al., 2018, Herman et al., 2018, Hori et al., 2018, Kim et al., 2018, Himmelreich et al., 2017, Kamalesh et al., 2017, Bernardo-Garcia et al., 2016, Mishra et al., 2016, Wang et al., 2016, Yadav et al., 2016, Bennett et al., 2015, Brusich et al., 2015, El Chamy et al., 2015, Kim et al., 2015, Krishnan et al., 2015, Rister et al., 2015, Yamanaka et al., 2015, Buchon et al., 2013, Ferrandon, 2013, FlyBase Genome Annotators, 2013, Kuraishi et al., 2013, Rister et al., 2013, Vaqué et al., 2013, Chakrabarti et al., 2012, Deng et al., 2011, Elsaesser et al., 2010, Katanayeva et al., 2010, Voolstra et al., 2010, Buchon et al., 2009, Ha et al., 2009, Han et al., 2006, Hiramoto and Hiromi, 2006, Meyer et al., 2006, Banerjee and Hasan, 2005, Baumann, 2004, Hardie et al., 2004, Roman, 2004, Schillo et al., 2004, Hardie et al., 2003, Hardie et al., 2002, Suh et al., 2001, Agam et al., 2000, Cook et al., 2000, Chyb et al., 1999, Scott and Zuker, 1998, Scott et al., 1997)
                    dGqα
                    (Smith, 1996, Talluri et al., 1995)
                    dGαq
                    (Xia and Tully, 2006)
                    dGaα
                    (Kalidas and Smith, 2002)
                    dGq
                    (Zhang et al., 2013, Georgiev et al., 2005)
                    dGqa-49b
                    (Kalidas et al., 2001)
                    dGqalpha-3
                    (Talluri, 1995.7.5)
                    dGqα
                    (Kwon et al., 2010, Kwon et al., 2010, Kwon et al., 2008, Lee and Montell, 2004, Smith et al., 1995)
                    dGqα-49b
                    (Smith et al., 2001)
                    dgq
                    (Hanlon and Andrew, 2015, Pinal and Pichaud, 2011, Kain et al., 2010, Satoh et al., 2010, Kain et al., 2009, Kain et al., 2008, Pumir et al., 2008, Sanxaridis et al., 2007, Banerjee et al., 2006, Kain et al., 2005, Satoh and Ready, 2005, Cronin et al., 2004, Iakhine et al., 2002, Ratnaparkhi et al., 2002, Zemelman et al., 2002, Banerjee and Hasan, 2001, Hardie, 2001, Iakhine et al., 2001, Kiselev et al., 2000, Ratnaparkhi and Hasan, 1999, Wilkie, 1999, Milligan et al., 1997, Alvarez et al., 1996, Zars and Hyde, 1996, Zuker, 1996, Scott et al., 1995, Talluri et al., 1995, Zars and Hyde, 1995, Lee et al., 1994, Lee, 1993.3.10, Zuker, 1992, Ranganathan et al., 1991, Lee et al., 1990)
                    dgqα
                    (Buchner, 1991)
                    gα49B
                    (Hilgers et al., 2011)
                    sast
                    (Hu et al., 2012)
                    Name Synonyms
                    G protein 49B
                    (Goldman and Arbeitman, 2007)
                    G protein alpha subunit q
                    (Hori et al., 2018)
                    G protein alpha49B
                    (Jaspers et al., 2012, Cammarato et al., 2011, Khanna et al., 2010)
                    G protein α q subunit
                    G protein α49B
                    G-protein alpha49B
                    (Hayden and Bosco, 2008)
                    G-protein α subunit
                    (Rosenbaum et al., 2014)
                    G-protein-αq
                    small amplify and slow termination
                    (Hu et al., 2012)
                    Secondary FlyBase IDs
                    • FBgn0004178
                    Datasets (0)
                    Study focus (0)
                    Experimental Role
                    Project
                    Project Type
                    Title
                    References (261)