FB2025_01 , released February 20, 2025
Gene: Dmel\Rrp1
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General Information
Symbol
Dmel\Rrp1
Species
D. melanogaster
Name
Recombination repair protein 1
Annotation Symbol
CG3178
Feature Type
protein_coding_gene
FlyBase ID
FBgn0004584
Gene Model Status
Current
Stock Availability
14 publicly available
Enzyme Name (EC)
exodeoxyribonuclease III (3.1.11.2)
Gene Summary
Plays a role in the cellular response to oxidative stress by promoting DNA repair mechanisms such as base excision repair and possibly homologous recombination repair (PubMed:16507570, PubMed:1713691). Functions as an apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) endodeoxyribonuclease in the DNA base excision repair (BER) pathway of DNA lesions induced by oxidative and alkylating agents (PubMed:16507570). Likely to initiate repair of AP sites in DNA by catalyzing hydrolytic incision of the phosphodiester backbone immediately adjacent to the damage, generating a single-strand break with 5'-deoxyribose phosphate and 3'-hydroxyl ends (By similarity). Has a 3'-5' exoribonuclease activity on mismatched deoxyribonucleotides at the 3' termini of nicked or gapped DNA molecules during short-patch BER (PubMed:16507570). Has apurinic endonuclease and double-stranded DNA 3'-exonuclease activities and carries out single-stranded DNA renaturation in a Mg(2+)-dependent manner (PubMed:1713691, PubMed:8918793). Activity is more efficient in purine-rich regions of dsDNA than in pyrimidine-rich regions (PubMed:8918793). (UniProt, P27864)
Contribute a Gene Snapshot for this gene.
All Summaries
Also Known As

APEX1

Key Links
Genomic Location
Cytogenetic map
23C3-23C4
Sequence location
Recombination map
2-8
RefSeq locus
NT_033779 REGION:2969773..2972508
Sequence
Get Decorated FASTA
Genomic Maps
Other Genome Views
The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.
NCBI
UCSC
Ensembl
PopFly
Function
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (12 terms)
Molecular Function (9 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (5 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
enables 3'-5' exonuclease activity
inferred from direct assay
(Takeuchi et al., 2006)
enables class II DNA-(apurinic or apyrimidinic site) endonuclease activity
inferred from direct assay
(Nugent et al., 1993)
enables DNA polymerase binding
inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:PolZ1; FB:FBgn0002891,FLYBASE:PolZ2; FB:FBgn0037345
(Takeuchi et al., 2006)
enables DNA-(apurinic or apyrimidinic site) endonuclease activity
inferred from direct assay
(Davletgildeeva et al., 2021, Takeuchi et al., 2006)
enables protein binding
inferred from physical interaction with UniProtKB:Q9GSR1
(Takeuchi et al., 2006)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (5 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
enables DNA binding
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR020847, InterPro:IPR020848
(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)
enables DNA-(apurinic or apyrimidinic site) endonuclease activity
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000507731
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
enables double-stranded DNA 3'-5' DNA exonuclease activity
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000507731
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
enables endonuclease activity
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR020847, InterPro:IPR020848
(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)
enables phosphoric diester hydrolase activity
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000507731
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
Biological Process (2 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (0 terms)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in base-excision repair
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000507731
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
involved_in DNA repair
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR004808, InterPro:IPR020847, InterPro:IPR020848
(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)
Cellular Component (1 term)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (0 terms)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
is_active_in nucleus
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN001862989
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
Gene Group (FlyBase)
Protein Family (UniProt)
Belongs to the DNA repair enzymes AP/ExoA family. (P27864)
Protein Signatures (InterPro)
Catalytic Activity (EC/Rhea)
double-stranded DNA 3'-5' DNA exonuclease activity
Exonucleolytic cleavage in the 3'- to 5'-direction to yield nucleoside 5'-phosphates (3.1.11.2)
Summaries
Gene Group (FlyBase)
UNCLASSIFIED PHOSPHORIC DIESTER HYDROLASES -
This group comprises phosphoric diester hydrolases that do not classify under other groups in FlyBase.
CLASS II APURINIC OR APYRIMIDINIC ENDONUCLEASES -
Class II apurinic or apyrimidinic endonucleases catalyze the hydrolysis of DNA backbone immediately 5_ of an apurinic/apyrimidinic residue by creating internal breaks, generating a single-strand break with 5'-deoxyribose phosphate and 3'-OH ends. Class II AP endonuclease play a crucial role in the base excision repair pathway. (Adapted from PMID:19401441).
3'-5' DNA EXONUCLEASES -
3'-5'-exodeoxyribonucleases catalyze the sequential degradation of double-stranded DNA acting progressively in a 3'-to-5' direction, releasing nucleoside 5'-phosphates.
Protein Function (UniProtKB)
Plays a role in the cellular response to oxidative stress by promoting DNA repair mechanisms such as base excision repair and possibly homologous recombination repair (PubMed:16507570, PubMed:1713691). Functions as an apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) endodeoxyribonuclease in the DNA base excision repair (BER) pathway of DNA lesions induced by oxidative and alkylating agents (PubMed:16507570). Likely to initiate repair of AP sites in DNA by catalyzing hydrolytic incision of the phosphodiester backbone immediately adjacent to the damage, generating a single-strand break with 5'-deoxyribose phosphate and 3'-hydroxyl ends (By similarity). Has a 3'-5' exoribonuclease activity on mismatched deoxyribonucleotides at the 3' termini of nicked or gapped DNA molecules during short-patch BER (PubMed:16507570). Has apurinic endonuclease and double-stranded DNA 3'-exonuclease activities and carries out single-stranded DNA renaturation in a Mg(2+)-dependent manner (PubMed:1713691, PubMed:8918793). Activity is more efficient in purine-rich regions of dsDNA than in pyrimidine-rich regions (PubMed:8918793).
(UniProt, P27864)
Gene Model and Products
Number of Transcripts
2
Number of Unique Polypeptides
2

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\Rrp1 for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)
Isoform displayed:
Pfam protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Protein Domains (via SMART)
Isoform displayed:
SMART protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Structure
Protein 3D structure   (Predicted by AlphaFold)   (AlphaFold entry P27864)

If you don't see a structure in the viewer, refresh your browser.
Model Confidence:
  • Very high (pLDDT > 90)
  • Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
  • Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
  • Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Experimentally Determined Structures
Crossreferences
Comments on Gene Model

Gene model reviewed during 5.44

Gene model reviewed during 5.52

Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name
FlyBase ID
RefSeq ID
Length (nt)
Assoc. CDS (aa)
Rrp1-RA
FBtr0077678
NM_057493
2470
679
Rrp1-RB
FBtr0290241
NM_001144304
2551
706
Additional Transcript Data and Comments
Reported size (kB)

3 (northern blot)

(Sander et al., 1991)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name
FlyBase ID
Predicted MW (kDa)
Length (aa)
Theoretical pI
UniProt
RefSeq ID
GenBank
Rrp1-PA
FBpp0077362
74.6
679
9.55
P27864
NP_476841
AAF51175
Rrp1-PB
FBpp0288680
77.4
706
9.43
B7YZZ9
NP_001137776
ACL82983
Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

None of the polypeptides share 100% sequence identity.

Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments
Reported size (kDa)

74.5 (kD)

(Sander et al., 1993)

679 (aa); 105 (kD observed); 75 (kD predicted)

(Sander et al., 1991)
Comments
External Data
Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)

Interacts with the zeta DNA polymerase complex; interacts (via the N-terminus) with the accessory subunit PolZ2/Rev7 and also interacts with the catalytic component PolZ1, however the interaction with PolZ1 is likely via PolZ2.

(UniProt, P27864)
Crossreferences
InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
Linkouts
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\Rrp1 using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data
Crossreferences
Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
Linkouts
Expression Data
Testis-specificity index

The testis specificity index was calculated from modENCODE tissue expression data by Vedelek et al., 2018 to indicate the degree of testis enrichment compared to other tissues. Scores range from -2.52 (underrepresented) to 5.2 (very high testis bias).

-0.07

Transcript Expression
in situ
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
embryonic stage 1 -- 3
organism

Comment: maternally deposited

(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 4 -- 6
organism | ubiquitous
(Fisher et al., 2012)
trunk mesoderm anlage

Comment: anlage in statu nascendi

(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 7 -- 8
anterior endoderm anlage
(Fisher et al., 2012)
head mesoderm
(Fisher et al., 2012)
organism | ubiquitous
(Fisher et al., 2012)
posterior endoderm
(Fisher et al., 2012)
trunk mesoderm
(Fisher et al., 2012)
ventral ectoderm
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 9 -- 10
antennal primordium

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)
central brain primordium

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)
visual primordium

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)
dorsal head epidermis primordium

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)
lateral head epidermis primordium

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)
ventral head epidermis primordium

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)
organism | ubiquitous
(Fisher et al., 2012)
trunk mesoderm
(Fisher et al., 2012)
ventral ectoderm
(Fisher et al., 2012)
ventral nerve cord primordium
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 11 -- 12
anterior midgut primordium
(Fisher et al., 2012)
central brain primordium
(Fisher et al., 2012)
organism | ubiquitous
(Fisher et al., 2012)
posterior midgut primordium
(Fisher et al., 2012)
ventral epidermis primordium
(Fisher et al., 2012)
ventral nerve cord primordium
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 13 -- 16
embryonic brain
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic central brain neuron
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic central brain surface glial cell
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic/larval lymph gland
(Fisher et al., 2012)
larval nervous system
(Fisher et al., 2012)
gonad
(Fisher et al., 2012)
lateral cord neuron
(Fisher et al., 2012)
lateral cord surface glial cell
(Fisher et al., 2012)
mushroom body primordium

Comment: reported as embryonic central brain mushroom body

(Fisher et al., 2012)
ventral midline of embryo
(Fisher et al., 2012)
larval ventral nerve cord
(Fisher et al., 2012)
northern blot
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
embryonic stage 1 -- 6
organism
(Sander et al., 1991)
adult stage | female
(Sander et al., 1991)
Additional Descriptive Data

Rrp1 transcripts are present in all stages tested but are most prevalent in early embryos and adult females.

(Sander et al., 1991)
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Polypeptide Expression
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Evidence
References
Expression Deduced from Reporters
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools

JBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\Rrp1 in JBrowse
RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region
Bulk Downloads
RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes
Reference
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle
Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis
External Data and Images
Linkouts
BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
Images
FlyExpress - Embryonic expression images (BDGP data)
  • Stages(s) 1-3
  • Stages(s) 4-6
  • Stages(s) 7-8
  • Stages(s) 9-10
  • Stages(s) 11-12
  • Stages(s) 13-16
FlyBase Wiki
Image Based Resources
Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations
Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 7 )
For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show
 
Other relevant insertions
Transgenic Constructs ( 9 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of Rrp1
Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of Rrp1
Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 1 )
Inferred from experimentation ( 1 )
Gene disrupted in
Df(2L)JS17
(Huang et al., 1998, Huang et al., 1996)
Inferred from location ( 7 )
Variants
Variant Molecular Consequences
Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants
Phenotypes
For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.
Lethality
Allele
viable, with Dcr-2UAS.cDa, Scer\GAL4elav.PLu
viable, with Scer\GAL4Mef2.PR
viable, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237
viable, with Scer\GAL4tin.CΔ4
Phenotype manifest in
Allele
Orthologs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Orthologs
Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Homo sapiens (Human) (3)
Hsap\APEX1
9 of 14
Yes
Yes
1  
Hsap\APEX2
2 of 14
No
Yes
Hsap\RNF213
1 of 14
No
Yes
1  
Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (3)
Rnor\Apex1
9 of 14
Yes
Yes
Rnor\Apex2
2 of 14
No
Yes
Rnor\Nolc1
1 of 14
No
No
Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (3)
Mmus\Apex1
9 of 14
Yes
Yes
Mmus\Apex2
1 of 14
No
Yes
Mmus\Nolc1
1 of 14
No
No
Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (2)
Xtro\apex1
6 of 13
Yes
Yes
Xtro\apex2
1 of 13
No
Yes
Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (5)
Drer\apex1
9 of 14
Yes
Yes
Drer\apex2
2 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\nolc1
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\rnf213a
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\si:dkey-266f7.5
1 of 14
No
Yes
Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (2)
Cele\exo-3
9 of 14
Yes
Yes
Cele\F14D7.2
1 of 14
No
Yes
Anopheles gambiae (African malaria mosquito) (1)
Agam\AgaP_AGAP009587
5 of 12
Yes
Yes
Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (7)
Atha\ARP
9 of 13
Yes
Yes
Atha\AT3G48425
4 of 13
No
Yes
Atha\AT4G36050
2 of 13
No
Yes
Atha\AT3G60950
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\AT3G61030
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\AT5G57120
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\NRPD1B
1 of 13
No
No
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (2)
Scer\APN2
4 of 13
Yes
Yes
Scer\SRP40
1 of 13
No
No
Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (2)
Spom\apn2
4 of 12
Yes
Yes
Spom\SPBC1711.05
1 of 12
No
No
Escherichia coli (enterobacterium) (1)
Ecol\xthA
6 of 11
Yes
Yes
Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)
Data provided directly from OrthoDB:Rrp1. Refer to their site for version information.
Paralogs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Paralogs
Paralogs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Gene Symbol
Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (1)
Nopp140
1 of 13
Human Disease Associations
FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports
    Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations
    Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 0 )
    Human Ortholog
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Interaction
    References
    Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1 and OMIM)
    Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.
    Homo sapiens (Human)
    Gene name
    Score
    OMIM
    OMIM Phenotype
    DO term
    Complementation?
    Transgene?
    APEX1; apurinic/apyrimidinic endodeoxyribonuclease 1
    9 of 14
    107748
         
        Functional Complementation Data
        Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.
        Interactions
        Summary of Physical Interactions
        esyN Network Diagram
        Show neighbor-neighbor interactions:
        Show/hide secondary interactors 
        (data from AllianceMine provided by esyN)
        Select Layout:
        Legend:
        Protein
        RNA
        Selected Interactor(s)
        Other Interaction Browsers
        View in FlyBase Interactions Browser   View in MIST tool (external link)
        Please see the Physical Interaction reports below for full details
        protein-protein
        Physical Interaction
        Assay
        References
        Rrp1 - Psi
        pull down, peptide massfingerprinting
        (Taliaferro et al., 2013)
        Rrp1 - Ubr3
        anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot
        (Zanet et al., 2015)
        Summary of Genetic Interactions
        esyN Network Diagram
        Show/hide secondary interactors 
        (data from AllianceMine provided by esyN)
        esyN Network Key:
        Suppression
        Enhancement
        Other Interaction Browsers
        View in FlyBase Interactions Browser   View in MIST tool (external link)
        Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions
        Starting gene(s)
        Interaction type
        Interacting gene(s)
        Reference
        Starting gene(s)
        Interaction type
        Interacting gene(s)
        Reference
        pbl
        suppressible
        Rrp1
        (Gregory et al., 2007)
        External Data
        Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)
        Interacts with the zeta DNA polymerase complex; interacts (via the N-terminus) with the accessory subunit PolZ2/Rev7 and also interacts with the catalytic component PolZ1, however the interaction with PolZ1 is likely via PolZ2.
        (UniProt, P27864 )
        Linkouts
        DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
        MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
        Pathways
        Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)
        Metabolic Pathways
        FlyBase
        External Links
        External Data
        Linkouts
        KEGG Pathways - A collection of manually drawn pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.
        Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.
        Class of Gene
        Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data
        Chromosome (arm)
        2L
        Recombination map
        2-8
        Cytogenetic map
        23C3-23C4
        Sequence location
        FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
        Cytogenetic map
        Evidence for location
        23C3-23C4
        Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{PZ}lilli00632 and P{PZ}toc01361
        Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
        Cytogenetic map
        Notes
        References
        23B-23C
        (determined by in situ hybridisation)
        (Sander et al., 1991)
        Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
        Location

        2-8

        (FlyBase, 2016)

        2-6.6

        (Comeron et al., 2012)
        Left of (cM)
        (Huang et al., 1998)
        Right of (cM)
        (Huang et al., 1998)
        Notes
        Stocks and Reagents
        Stocks (14)
        Genomic Clones (16)
         

        Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete

        cDNA Clones (23)
         

        Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see JBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

        cDNA clones, fully sequenced
        BDGP DGC clones
        Other clones
          Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

          For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

          cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
          BDGP DGC clones
          Other clones
          RNAi and Array Information
          Linkouts
          DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
          Antibody Information
          Laboratory Generated Antibodies
           
          Commercially Available Antibodies
           
          Cell Line Information
          Publicly Available Cell Lines
           
            Other Stable Cell Lines
             
              Other Comments

              dsDNA 3'-exonuclease activity of Rrp1 is more efficient in purine-rich regions than in pyrimidine-rich regions. The base occupying the penultimate position in the 3'-terminal dinucleotides may be important in determining the relative efficiency of bond cleavage by Rrp1. These results suggest that the sequence specificity of Rrp1-catalysed phosphodiester backbone cleavage is determined by the specific DNA-protein interactions in the enzyme active site.

              (Sander and Benhaim, 1996)

              Overexpression of Rrp1 can greatly reduce the incidence of DNA damage-induced mutation and recombination. The presumed repair capability of Rrp1 appears specific to oxidative DNA damage.

              (Szakmary et al., 1996)

              The 3'-phosphodiesterase and 3'-phosphatase activities of the Rrp1 enzyme have been demonstrated and characterised.

              (Sander and Huang, 1995)

              The nuclease activities of Rrp1 include AP-endonuclease, phosphodiesterase, phosphatase and 3'-exonuclease. Unique N-terminal region is associated with strand transfer and ssDNA renaturation activities indicating a possible role in homologous recombination.

              (Szakmary et al., 1995)

              Site-directed mutagenesis of Rrp1 identifies Glu-461 as a residue that appears to be essential for the nuclease function and Lys-463 and Thr-462 influence the substrate specificity of the nuclease.

              (Gu et al., 1994)

              Examination of Rrp1 endonuclease activity using a 37bp dsDNA oligonucleotide substrate containing a unique AP site demonstrates Rrp1 is a class II AP endonuclease. Enzymatic capability and 3' exonuclease activity of Rrp1 are likely to be important to its function in vivo.

              (Nugent et al., 1993)

              Rrp1 expressed in E.coli has DNA strand transfer, ssDNA renaturation, 3' exonuclease and apurinic nuclease activities. An Rrp1 protein has been purified from embryos.

              (Sander et al., 1993)

              Rrp1 has been cloned and sequenced.

              (Sander et al., 1991)

              Rrp1 has apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease, 3' exonuclease and single-stranded DNA renaturation activities.

              (Sander et al., 1991)

              Rrp1 protein has been purified and its enzyme activity studied.

              (Lowenhaupt et al., 1989)
              Relationship to Other Genes
              Source for database merge of
              Additional comments

              FlyBase curator comment: "EP1020" overexpression phenotype stated to be due to its effect on EST GM06070 (which corresponds to Rrp1) but orientation of the P{EP} element suggests otherwise.

              (Pena-Rangel et al., 2002)
              Nomenclature History
              Source for database identify of
              Nomenclature comments
              Etymology
              Synonyms and Secondary IDs (11)
              Datasets (0)
              Study focus (0)
              Experimental Role
              Project
              Project Type
              Title
              Study result (0)
              Result
              Result Type
              Title
              External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 52 )
              Sequence Crossreferences
              NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.
              GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.
              GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.
              RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.
              UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.
              UniProt/Swiss-Prot - Manually annotated and reviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
              UniProt/TrEMBL - Automatically annotated and unreviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
              Other crossreferences
              AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.
              BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
              DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
              EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
              FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
              FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics
              InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
              KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.
              MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)
              Linkouts
              Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones
              DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
              DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
              Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
              FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
              FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel
              Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
              Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
              FlyMet - A comprehensive tissue-specific metabolomics resource for Drosophila.
              iBeetle-Base - RNAi phenotypes in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)
              KEGG Pathways - A collection of manually drawn pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.
              MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
              Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.
              References (80)