The gene optic ganglion reduced is referred to in FlyBase by the symbol Dmel\ogre (CG3039, FBgn0004646). It is a protein_coding_gene from Drosophila melanogaster. It is reported to have molecular function: gap junction channel activity. There is experimental evidence that it is involved in the biological process: phototransduction. 15 alleles are reported. The phenotypes of these alleles are annotated with: lamina monopolar neuron; central nervous system; optic lobe; photoreceptor cell. It has 6 annotated transcripts and 6 annotated polypeptides. Protein features are: Innexin. Summary of modENCODE Temporal Expression Profile: Temporal profile ranges from a peak of very high expression to a trough of moderate expression. Peak expression observed within 00-18 hour embryonic stages, during early pupal stages. Summary of FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data: Many larval and adult organs/tissues expressed at moderate or high levels. Expression at high levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: larval/adult central nervous system, adult fat body, larval trachea, adult male accessory gland. Expression at moderate levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult head, adult eye, adult crop, larval/adult hindgut, adult heart, larval salivary gland, adult spermathecae, larval/adult carcass. Comments on Affy2 ProbeSet: ProbeSet 1628323_s_at completely aligns to an exonic region common to each of the 2 FlyBase-annotated transcript isoforms of ogre. Gene sequence location is X:6867648..6885351.
User Contributed Data
Phenotypic Description from the Red Book (Lindsley
& Zimm 1992)
Gene/Allele symbols may differ
from current usage
ogre: optic ganglia-reduced (J.C. Hall)
Original allele (ogre1) recovered on the basis of
simple lethality (Niklas and Cline, 1983); viable mutant
(ogre2) isolated with respect to inability of adults to orient
to vertical line of black-white contrast (Lipshitz and Kankel,
1985); optic lobes generally disorganized, as seen in adults
expressing the viable allele, or in late pupae/pharate adults
expressing a lethal allele; such lethals (all except ogre2)
cause the behavioral and anatomical abnormalities just noted
when heterozygous with viable allele; viability associated
with one of these heteroallelic types, i.e., ogre1/ogre2 is
poor, especially when reared at 18C (vs 29C); temperature
shift experiments using this combination implies gene action
in late larval stage; hemizygosity for lethal alleles causes
development to cease in late larval-pupal stages, when parts
of CNS appear abnormal (e.g., holes in sections of brain and
thoracic ganglia, with severe defects appearing in the optic
lobe formation centers); holes in CNS are also seen in
"escapers", e.g., rare adults hemizygous for alleles other
than ogre2, or heterozygous for ogre1 and ogre2; mosaic
analysis suggests that CNS defects are due to action of this
gene in those developing tissues (Lipshsitz and Kankel, 1985).
Recent Updates
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Summary of FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data: Many larval and adult organs/tissues expressed at moderate or high levels. Expression at high levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: larval/adult central nervous system, adult fat body, larval trachea, adult male accessory gland. Expression at moderate levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult head, adult eye, adult crop, larval/adult hindgut, adult heart, larval salivary gland, adult spermathecae, larval/adult carcass.
[download data (TSV)]
Guide to FlyAtlas expression level colors
No expression (0 - 9.999)
Low expression (10 - 99.999)
Moderate expression (100 - 499.999)
High level expression (500 - 999.999)
Very high expression (>999.999)
Linear, scaled to maximum expression level
Tissue
Expression Level
Larval Central Nervous System
900.5
Larval Midgut
28.1
Larval Hindgut
156.1
Larval Malpighian Tubules
13
Larval Fat Body
79
Larval Salivary Gland
224.1
Larval Trachea
534.85
Larval Carcass
456.3
Adult Head
457.6
Adult Eye
415.375
Adult Brain
622.7
Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion
649.5
Adult Crop
329.3
Adult Midgut
57.9
Adult Hindgut
314.4
Adult Malpighian Tubules
15.2
Adult Fat Body
504.2
Adult Salivary Gland
20.9
Adult Heart
194.15
Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca
137.4
Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca
132.1
Adult Ovary
93.4
Adult Testis
93.3
Adult Male Accessory Gland
507.7
Adult Carcass
248.3
Expression Level Scale
None
Low
Moderate
High
Linear, scaled to Moderate expression
Tissue
Expression Level
Larval Central Nervous System
(900.5)
Larval Midgut
28.1
Larval Hindgut
156.1
Larval Malpighian Tubules
13
Larval Fat Body
79
Larval Salivary Gland
224.1
Larval Trachea
534.85
Larval Carcass
456.3
Adult Head
457.6
Adult Eye
415.375
Adult Brain
(622.7)
Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion
(649.5)
Adult Crop
329.3
Adult Midgut
57.9
Adult Hindgut
314.4
Adult Malpighian Tubules
15.2
Adult Fat Body
504.2
Adult Salivary Gland
20.9
Adult Heart
194.15
Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca
137.4
Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca
132.1
Adult Ovary
93.4
Adult Testis
93.3
Adult Male Accessory Gland
507.7
Adult Carcass
248.3
Expression Level Scale
None
Low
Moderate
High
Linear, scaled to High level expression
Tissue
Expression Level
Larval Central Nervous System
900.5
Larval Midgut
28.1
Larval Hindgut
156.1
Larval Malpighian Tubules
13
Larval Fat Body
79
Larval Salivary Gland
224.1
Larval Trachea
534.85
Larval Carcass
456.3
Adult Head
457.6
Adult Eye
415.375
Adult Brain
622.7
Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion
649.5
Adult Crop
329.3
Adult Midgut
57.9
Adult Hindgut
314.4
Adult Malpighian Tubules
15.2
Adult Fat Body
504.2
Adult Salivary Gland
20.9
Adult Heart
194.15
Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca
137.4
Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca
132.1
Adult Ovary
93.4
Adult Testis
93.3
Adult Male Accessory Gland
507.7
Adult Carcass
248.3
Expression Level Scale
None
Low
Moderate
High
Very high
Linear, scaled to Very high expression
Tissue
Expression Level
Larval Central Nervous System
900.5
Larval Midgut
28.1
Larval Hindgut
156.1
Larval Malpighian Tubules
13
Larval Fat Body
79
Larval Salivary Gland
224.1
Larval Trachea
534.85
Larval Carcass
456.3
Adult Head
457.6
Adult Eye
415.375
Adult Brain
622.7
Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion
649.5
Adult Crop
329.3
Adult Midgut
57.9
Adult Hindgut
314.4
Adult Malpighian Tubules
15.2
Adult Fat Body
504.2
Adult Salivary Gland
20.9
Adult Heart
194.15
Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca
137.4
Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca
132.1
Adult Ovary
93.4
Adult Testis
93.3
Adult Male Accessory Gland
507.7
Adult Carcass
248.3
Expression Level Scale
Very high
log, scaled to maximum expression level
Tissue
Expression Level
Larval Central Nervous System
900.5
Larval Midgut
28.1
Larval Hindgut
156.1
Larval Malpighian Tubules
13
Larval Fat Body
79
Larval Salivary Gland
224.1
Larval Trachea
534.85
Larval Carcass
456.3
Adult Head
457.6
Adult Eye
415.375
Adult Brain
622.7
Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion
649.5
Adult Crop
329.3
Adult Midgut
57.9
Adult Hindgut
314.4
Adult Malpighian Tubules
15.2
Adult Fat Body
504.2
Adult Salivary Gland
20.9
Adult Heart
194.15
Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca
137.4
Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca
132.1
Adult Ovary
93.4
Adult Testis
93.3
Adult Male Accessory Gland
507.7
Adult Carcass
248.3
Expression Level Scale
None
Low
Moderate
High
Very high
log, scaled to Moderate expression
Tissue
Expression Level
Larval Central Nervous System
(900.5)
Larval Midgut
28.1
Larval Hindgut
156.1
Larval Malpighian Tubules
13
Larval Fat Body
79
Larval Salivary Gland
224.1
Larval Trachea
534.85
Larval Carcass
456.3
Adult Head
457.6
Adult Eye
415.375
Adult Brain
622.7
Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion
649.5
Adult Crop
329.3
Adult Midgut
57.9
Adult Hindgut
314.4
Adult Malpighian Tubules
15.2
Adult Fat Body
504.2
Adult Salivary Gland
20.9
Adult Heart
194.15
Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca
137.4
Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca
132.1
Adult Ovary
93.4
Adult Testis
93.3
Adult Male Accessory Gland
507.7
Adult Carcass
248.3
Expression Level Scale
None
Low
Moderate
High
log, scaled to High level expression
Tissue
Expression Level
Larval Central Nervous System
900.5
Larval Midgut
28.1
Larval Hindgut
156.1
Larval Malpighian Tubules
13
Larval Fat Body
79
Larval Salivary Gland
224.1
Larval Trachea
534.85
Larval Carcass
456.3
Adult Head
457.6
Adult Eye
415.375
Adult Brain
622.7
Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion
649.5
Adult Crop
329.3
Adult Midgut
57.9
Adult Hindgut
314.4
Adult Malpighian Tubules
15.2
Adult Fat Body
504.2
Adult Salivary Gland
20.9
Adult Heart
194.15
Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca
137.4
Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca
132.1
Adult Ovary
93.4
Adult Testis
93.3
Adult Male Accessory Gland
507.7
Adult Carcass
248.3
Expression Level Scale
None
Low
Moderate
High
Very high
log, scaled to Very high expression
Tissue
Expression Level
Larval Central Nervous System
900.5
Larval Midgut
28.1
Larval Hindgut
156.1
Larval Malpighian Tubules
13
Larval Fat Body
79
Larval Salivary Gland
224.1
Larval Trachea
534.85
Larval Carcass
456.3
Adult Head
457.6
Adult Eye
415.375
Adult Brain
622.7
Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion
649.5
Adult Crop
329.3
Adult Midgut
57.9
Adult Hindgut
314.4
Adult Malpighian Tubules
15.2
Adult Fat Body
504.2
Adult Salivary Gland
20.9
Adult Heart
194.15
Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca
137.4
Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca
132.1
Adult Ovary
93.4
Adult Testis
93.3
Adult Male Accessory Gland
507.7
Adult Carcass
248.3
Expression Level Scale
None
Low
Moderate
High
Very high
Heatmap
Tissue
Expression Level
Larval Central Nervous System
Larval Midgut
Larval Hindgut
Larval Malpighian Tubules
Larval Fat Body
Larval Salivary Gland
Larval Trachea
Larval Carcass
Adult Head
Adult Eye
Adult Brain
Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion
Adult Crop
Adult Midgut
Adult Hindgut
Adult Malpighian Tubules
Adult Fat Body
Adult Salivary Gland
Adult Heart
Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca
Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca
Adult Ovary
Adult Testis
Adult Male Accessory Gland
Adult Carcass
FlyAtlas Organ/Tissue Expression, larval vs. adult
Summary of modENCODE Temporal Expression Profile: Temporal profile ranges from a peak of very high expression to a trough of moderate expression. Peak expression observed within 00-18 hour embryonic stages, during early pupal stages.
[download data (TSV)]
Please Note FlyBase no
longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list
may not be complete
cDNA Clones ( 143 )
Please Note
This section lists
cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent
of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs
of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes.
Please see GBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs
to the gene model.
Domain-swapping experiments for shakB and ogre indicate that residues crucial for innexin function are found in the intracellular loop and well as a short stretch N-terminal to the second transmembrane domain.
Electroretinograms for molecular chimeras and rescue constructs for shakB and ogre indicate that innexins are not interchangeable in their roles of promoting normal neural development in flies.
Developmental analysis has shown that effect of mutations at the locus are restricted to the developing and adult CNS. The time of ogre gene action is during the early and late larval period.
Original allele (ogre1) recovered on the basis of simple lethality (Niklas and Cline, 1983); viable mutant (ogre2) isolated with respect to inability of adults to orient to vertical line of black-white contrast (Lipshitz and Kankel, 1985); optic lobes generally disorganized, as seen in adults expressing the viable allele, or in late pupae/pharate adults expressing a lethal allele; such lethals (all except ogre2) cause the behavioral and anatomical abnormalities just noted when heterozygous with viable allele; viability associated with one of these heteroallelic types, i.e., ogre1/ogre2 is poor, especially when reared at 18oC (vs 29oC); temperature shift experiments using this combination implies gene action in late larval stage; hemizygosity for lethal alleles causes development to cease in late larval-pupal stages, when parts of CNS appear abnormal (e.g., holes in sections of brain and thoracic ganglia, with severe defects appearing in the optic lobe formation centers); holes in CNS are also seen in 'escapers', e.g., rare adults hemizygous for alleles other than ogre2, or heterozygous for ogre1 and ogre2; mosaic analysis suggests that CNS defects are due to action of this gene in those developing tissues (Lipshitz and Kankel, 1985).
Ayukawa et al., 2012, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 109(38): 15318--15323
Rescue of Notch signaling in cells incapable of GDP-L-fucose synthesis by gap junction transfer of GDP-L-fucose in Drosophila. [FBrf0219480]
Lott et al., 2011, PLoS Biol. 9(2): e1000590
Noncanonical Compensation of Zygotic X Transcription in Early Drosophila melanogaster Development Revealed through Single-Embryo RNA-Seq. [FBrf0213135]
Wu et al., 2011, Curr. Biol. 21(10): 848--854
Heterotypic Gap Junctions between Two Neurons in the Drosophila Brain Are Critical for Memory. [FBrf0213804]