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Gene Dmel\yl

General Information
Symbol	Dmel\yl	Species	D. melanogaster
Name	yolkless	Annotation symbol	CG1372
Feature type	protein_coding_gene	FlyBase ID	FBgn0004649
Gene Model Status	Current	Stock availability	9 publicly available
Also Known As	fs(1)M25
Genomic Location
Chromosome (arm)	X	Recombination map	1-48
Cytogenetic map	12E3-12E3	Sequence location	X:14,087,252..14,093,996 [+]
Genomic Maps Select View:Gene Models/EvidenceExpression/RegulationMegaViewGene Disruptions, Stocks and Reagents modENCODE GBrowse	Decorated FastA GenBankGFF Gene region Extended Gene region CDSIntronsExonsTranslationsTranscripts3' UTR5' UTR
Summary Information
Automatically generated summary See sections below for more information	The gene yolkless is referred to in FlyBase by the symbol Dmel\yl (CG1372, FBgn0004649). It is a protein_coding_gene from Drosophila melanogaster. Based on sequence similarity, it is predicted to have molecular function: vitellogenin receptor activity. It is reported to be involved in the biological process: vitellogenesis; oogenesis. 42 alleles are reported. The phenotypes of these alleles are annotated with: stage S13 oocyte; yolk granule; stage S10 oocyte; chorion; egg; coated pit; stage S14 oocyte; coated vesicle. It has 2 annotated transcripts and 2 annotated polypeptides. Protein features are: EGF-like calcium-binding; EGF-like calcium-binding, conserved site; EGF-like region, conserved site; EGF-type aspartate/asparagine hydroxylation site; Epidermal growth factor-like; Epidermal growth factor-like, type 3; LDLR class B repeat; Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor class A repeat; Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor class A, conserved site; Six-bladed beta-propeller, TolB-like. Summary of modENCODE Temporal Expression Profile: Temporal profile ranges from a peak of very high expression to a trough of extremely low expression. Peak expression observed within 00-06 hour embryonic stages, in adult female stages. Summary of FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data: Expression at high levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult ovary. Comments on Affy2 ProbeSet: ProbeSet 1626299_at completely aligns to an exonic region common to each of the 2 FlyBase-annotated transcript isoforms of yl. Gene sequence location is X:14087252..14093996.
Phenotypic Description from the Red Book (Lindsley & Zimm 1992)
Gene/Allele symbols may differ from current usage	yl: yolkless Female-sterile locus affecting late oogenesis. Eggs of mutants lack proteinaceous yolk and collapse; ultrastructurally abnormal chorion at anterior end and especially at base of respiratory filaments. No abnormality detectable in chorion protein synthesis. Uptake of the three yolk proteins by yl oocytes is severely reduced, although the proteins accumulate in the hemolymph.
Recent Updates
Description	What does this section display? This section contains items that were added to this record for each release. It currently only tracks new links between this FlyBase report and other FlyBase data classes (e.g. genes, references, stocks) or controlled vocabulary terms (e.g. GO, anatomy terms). What does this section not display? This section does not currently display links that were removed or gene model changes.
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FB2011_10
FB2012_01	Sequence features BKN25599 HFA20387
All updates	Click here to see a list of all updates to this record from FB2010_08 and on.
Detailed Mapping Data
FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Evidence for location 12E3-12E3   Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{EP}EP1595EP1595 and P{EP}l(1)G0007EP764
Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Notes References 12E4-12E8     (Schonbaum, 1994.8.15)
Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
Location	1-48   1- (Mohler, 1977)
Left of (cM)	f (Mohler, 1977)
Right of (cM)	v (Mohler, 1977)
Notes
Gene Model & Products
Please see the GBrowse view of Dmel\yl for information on other features To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form
Comments on Gene Model
Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name FlyBase ID RefSeq ID Length (nt) Associated CDS (aa) yl-RA FBtr0073897  NM_078596   6351   1937 yl-RB FBtr0073898  NM_206710   6270   1984
Additional Transcript Data & Comments
Reported size (kB)	6.5 (northern blot) (Schonbaum et al., 1995)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name FlyBase ID Predicted MW (kDa) Length (aa) Theoretical pI RefSeq ID GenBank protein yl-PA   FBpp0073714   215.0   1937   6.18     NP_511151   AAF48349 yl-PB   FBpp0073715   219.5   1984   6.15     NP_996433   AAS65339
Additional Polypeptide Data & Comments
Reported size (kDa)	1984 (aa); 210 (kD observed); 220 (kD predicted) (Schonbaum et al., 1995)
Comments
External Data
Linkouts
Crossreferences	InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites • EGF-like calcium-binding, conserved site (IPR018097) Six-bladed beta-propeller, TolB-like (IPR011042) LDLR class B repeat (IPR000033) EGF-type aspartate/asparagine hydroxylation site (IPR000152) Epidermal growth factor-like, type 3 (IPR000742) EGF-like calcium-binding (IPR001881) Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor class A repeat (IPR002172) Epidermal growth factor-like (IPR006210) EGF-like region, conserved site (IPR013032) Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor class A, conserved site (IPR023415)
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank	DNA sequence Protein sequence Name AA391202   AA801761   AA804060   AA942441   AA952128   AE014298 AAF48349   AE014298 AAS65339   AI514427   BI230095   BI351754   BI352384   BI352894   BI353341   BI353498   BI354492   BI355532   BI372254   BI625033   BQ103127   BT003478 AAO39481   CO293096   EC063800   EV575383   EV577300   EV583748   EV586473   EV589732   EV591366   EV596684   EV596704   EV599821   GH941183   GH942933   GH946520   GH949942   GH950208   GH950594   GH952388   GH956360   GH957466   GH957950   GH958322   GH959017   GH959809   GH960676   GH961617   GH961728   GH962158   GH962361   GH962381   GH962474   GH964067   GH964665   GH964820   GH965692   GH966366   GH967528   GH967779   GH969462   GH969588   GH970127   GH975144   GH975696   GH976612   GH977412   GH980374   GH983726   GH984957   U13637 AAB60217
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot	P98163
UniProtKB/TrEMBL
Mapped Features
Mapped Features have been reorganized, please see this article for details. Additional mapped features and mutations can be found on GBrowse or related reports. Type Symbol & Location Additional Notes References
External Data
Linkouts
Crossreferences
Expression Data
Transcript Expression
northern blot Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference oogenesis & adult stage | female   ovary   (Schonbaum et al., 1995)
Additional Descriptive Data
	yl transcripts are ovary specific. (Schonbaum et al., 1995)
Marker for
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Notes
Polypeptide Expression
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Notes
High-Throughput Expression Data
or
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2010.10.13 for analysis details and data files for all genes. modENCODE Temporal Expression Data for FBgn0004649    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales max expr for FBgn0004649 Very low expression bin max Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max Summary of modENCODE Temporal Expression Profile: Temporal profile ranges from a peak of very high expression to a trough of extremely low expression. Peak expression observed within 00-06 hour embryonic stages, in adult female stages. [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No expression (0 - 0)   Extremely low expression (1 - 10)   Very low expression (11 - 100)   Low expression (101 - 400)   Moderate expression (401 - 1400)   Moderately high expression (1401 - 4000)   High expression (4001 - 10000)   Very high expression (10001 - 100000)   Extremely high expression (100001 - 2000000) Linear, scaled to maximum FBgn0004649 expression level Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    43101 embryo 02-04hr    4092 embryo 04-06hr    750 embryo 06-08hr    278 embryo 08-10hr    515 embryo 10-12hr    242 embryo 12-14hr    239 embryo 14-16hr    682 embryo 16-18hr    224 embryo 18-20hr    244 embryo 20-22hr    130 embryo 22-24hr    195 larva L1    9 larva L2    7 larva L3 12hr old    4 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    11 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    12 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    6 white prepupae new    18 white prepupae 12hr    39 white prepupae 24hr    12 pupae 2d postWPP    24 pupae 3d postWPP    46 pupae 4d postWPP    859 adult male 01day    100 adult male 05day    29 adult male 30day    99 adult female 01day    30355 adult female 05day    34312 adult female 30day    34415 Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Very low expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr  (43101) embryo 02-04hr  (4092) embryo 04-06hr  (750) embryo 06-08hr  (278) embryo 08-10hr  (515) embryo 10-12hr  (242) embryo 12-14hr  (239) embryo 14-16hr  (682) embryo 16-18hr  (224) embryo 18-20hr  (244) embryo 20-22hr  (130) embryo 22-24hr  (195) larva L1    9 larva L2    7 larva L3 12hr old    4 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    11 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    12 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    6 white prepupae new    18 white prepupae 12hr    39 white prepupae 24hr    12 pupae 2d postWPP    24 pupae 3d postWPP    46 pupae 4d postWPP  (859) adult male 01day    100 adult male 05day    29 adult male 30day    99 adult female 01day  (30355) adult female 05day  (34312) adult female 30day  (34415) Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr  (43101) embryo 02-04hr  (4092) embryo 04-06hr    750 embryo 06-08hr    278 embryo 08-10hr    515 embryo 10-12hr    242 embryo 12-14hr    239 embryo 14-16hr    682 embryo 16-18hr    224 embryo 18-20hr    244 embryo 20-22hr    130 embryo 22-24hr    195 larva L1    9 larva L2    7 larva L3 12hr old    4 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    11 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    12 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    6 white prepupae new    18 white prepupae 12hr    39 white prepupae 24hr    12 pupae 2d postWPP    24 pupae 3d postWPP    46 pupae 4d postWPP    859 adult male 01day    100 adult male 05day    29 adult male 30day    99 adult female 01day  (30355) adult female 05day  (34312) adult female 30day  (34415) Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr  (43101) embryo 02-04hr    4092 embryo 04-06hr    750 embryo 06-08hr    278 embryo 08-10hr    515 embryo 10-12hr    242 embryo 12-14hr    239 embryo 14-16hr    682 embryo 16-18hr    224 embryo 18-20hr    244 embryo 20-22hr    130 embryo 22-24hr    195 larva L1    9 larva L2    7 larva L3 12hr old    4 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    11 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    12 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    6 white prepupae new    18 white prepupae 12hr    39 white prepupae 24hr    12 pupae 2d postWPP    24 pupae 3d postWPP    46 pupae 4d postWPP    859 adult male 01day    100 adult male 05day    29 adult male 30day    99 adult female 01day  (30355) adult female 05day  (34312) adult female 30day  (34415) Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    43101 embryo 02-04hr    4092 embryo 04-06hr    750 embryo 06-08hr    278 embryo 08-10hr    515 embryo 10-12hr    242 embryo 12-14hr    239 embryo 14-16hr    682 embryo 16-18hr    224 embryo 18-20hr    244 embryo 20-22hr    130 embryo 22-24hr    195 larva L1    9 larva L2    7 larva L3 12hr old    4 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    11 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    12 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    6 white prepupae new    18 white prepupae 12hr    39 white prepupae 24hr    12 pupae 2d postWPP    24 pupae 3d postWPP    46 pupae 4d postWPP    859 adult male 01day    100 adult male 05day    29 adult male 30day    99 adult female 01day    30355 adult female 05day    34312 adult female 30day    34415 Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum FBgn0004649 expression level Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    43101 embryo 02-04hr    4092 embryo 04-06hr    750 embryo 06-08hr    278 embryo 08-10hr    515 embryo 10-12hr    242 embryo 12-14hr    239 embryo 14-16hr    682 embryo 16-18hr    224 embryo 18-20hr    244 embryo 20-22hr    130 embryo 22-24hr    195 larva L1    9 larva L2    7 larva L3 12hr old    4 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    11 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    12 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    6 white prepupae new    18 white prepupae 12hr    39 white prepupae 24hr    12 pupae 2d postWPP    24 pupae 3d postWPP    46 pupae 4d postWPP    859 adult male 01day    100 adult male 05day    29 adult male 30day    99 adult female 01day    30355 adult female 05day    34312 adult female 30day    34415 Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  log, scaled to Very low expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr  (43101) embryo 02-04hr  (4092) embryo 04-06hr  (750) embryo 06-08hr  (278) embryo 08-10hr  (515) embryo 10-12hr  (242) embryo 12-14hr  (239) embryo 14-16hr  (682) embryo 16-18hr  (224) embryo 18-20hr  (244) embryo 20-22hr  130 embryo 22-24hr  (195) larva L1    9 larva L2    7 larva L3 12hr old    4 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    11 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    12 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    6 white prepupae new    18 white prepupae 12hr    39 white prepupae 24hr    12 pupae 2d postWPP    24 pupae 3d postWPP    46 pupae 4d postWPP  (859) adult male 01day    100 adult male 05day    29 adult male 30day    99 adult female 01day  (30355) adult female 05day  (34312) adult female 30day  (34415) Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low  log, scaled to Moderate expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr  (43101) embryo 02-04hr  (4092) embryo 04-06hr    750 embryo 06-08hr    278 embryo 08-10hr    515 embryo 10-12hr    242 embryo 12-14hr    239 embryo 14-16hr    682 embryo 16-18hr    224 embryo 18-20hr    244 embryo 20-22hr    130 embryo 22-24hr    195 larva L1    9 larva L2    7 larva L3 12hr old    4 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    11 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    12 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    6 white prepupae new    18 white prepupae 12hr    39 white prepupae 24hr    12 pupae 2d postWPP    24 pupae 3d postWPP    46 pupae 4d postWPP    859 adult male 01day    100 adult male 05day    29 adult male 30day    99 adult female 01day  (30355) adult female 05day  (34312) adult female 30day  (34415) Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr  (43101) embryo 02-04hr    4092 embryo 04-06hr    750 embryo 06-08hr    278 embryo 08-10hr    515 embryo 10-12hr    242 embryo 12-14hr    239 embryo 14-16hr    682 embryo 16-18hr    224 embryo 18-20hr    244 embryo 20-22hr    130 embryo 22-24hr    195 larva L1    9 larva L2    7 larva L3 12hr old    4 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    11 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    12 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    6 white prepupae new    18 white prepupae 12hr    39 white prepupae 24hr    12 pupae 2d postWPP    24 pupae 3d postWPP    46 pupae 4d postWPP    859 adult male 01day    100 adult male 05day    29 adult male 30day    99 adult female 01day  (30355) adult female 05day  (34312) adult female 30day  (34415) Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    43101 embryo 02-04hr    4092 embryo 04-06hr    750 embryo 06-08hr    278 embryo 08-10hr    515 embryo 10-12hr    242 embryo 12-14hr    239 embryo 14-16hr    682 embryo 16-18hr    224 embryo 18-20hr    244 embryo 20-22hr    130 embryo 22-24hr    195 larva L1    9 larva L2    7 larva L3 12hr old    4 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    11 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    12 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    6 white prepupae new    18 white prepupae 12hr    39 white prepupae 24hr    12 pupae 2d postWPP    24 pupae 3d postWPP    46 pupae 4d postWPP    859 adult male 01day    100 adult male 05day    29 adult male 30day    99 adult female 01day    30355 adult female 05day    34312 adult female 30day    34415 Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr     embryo 02-04hr     embryo 04-06hr     embryo 06-08hr     embryo 08-10hr     embryo 10-12hr     embryo 12-14hr     embryo 14-16hr     embryo 16-18hr     embryo 18-20hr     embryo 20-22hr     embryo 22-24hr     larva L1     larva L2     larva L3 12hr old     larva L3 puffstage 1-2     larva L3 puffstage 3-6     larva L3 puffstage 7-9     white prepupae new     white prepupae 12hr     white prepupae 24hr     pupae 2d postWPP     pupae 3d postWPP     pupae 4d postWPP     adult male 01day     adult male 05day     adult male 30day     adult female 01day     adult female 05day     adult female 30day     FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data for FBgn0004649    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap Back-to-back    Scales max expr for FBgn0004649 Moderate expression bin max High level expression bin max Very high expression bin max Summary of FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data: Expression at high levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult ovary. [download data (TSV)] Guide to FlyAtlas expression level colors   No expression (0 - 9.999)   Low expression (10 - 99.999)   Moderate expression (100 - 499.999)   High level expression (500 - 999.999)   Very high expression (1000 - 25000) Linear, scaled to maximum FBgn0004649 expression level Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    2.425 Larval Midgut    7.8 Larval Hindgut    3.6 Larval Malpighian Tubules    1.6 Larval Fat Body    2.7 Larval Salivary Gland    2.8 Larval Trachea    2.6 Larval Carcass    1.425 Adult Head    3.7 Adult Eye    5.075 Adult Brain    1.6 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    2.4 Adult Crop    2.3 Adult Midgut    2.5 Adult Hindgut    3.1 Adult Malpighian Tubules no informative data Adult Fat Body no informative data Adult Salivary Gland    8.4 Adult Heart    3.25 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca no informative data Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    6.2 Adult Ovary    860 Adult Testis    4.1 Adult Male Accessory Gland    2.2 Adult Carcass no informative data Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    2.425 Larval Midgut    7.8 Larval Hindgut    3.6 Larval Malpighian Tubules    1.6 Larval Fat Body    2.7 Larval Salivary Gland    2.8 Larval Trachea    2.6 Larval Carcass    1.425 Adult Head    3.7 Adult Eye    5.075 Adult Brain    1.6 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    2.4 Adult Crop    2.3 Adult Midgut    2.5 Adult Hindgut    3.1 Adult Malpighian Tubules no informative data Adult Fat Body no informative data Adult Salivary Gland    8.4 Adult Heart    3.25 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca no informative data Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    6.2 Adult Ovary  (860) Adult Testis    4.1 Adult Male Accessory Gland    2.2 Adult Carcass no informative data Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High  Linear, scaled to High level expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    2.425 Larval Midgut    7.8 Larval Hindgut    3.6 Larval Malpighian Tubules    1.6 Larval Fat Body    2.7 Larval Salivary Gland    2.8 Larval Trachea    2.6 Larval Carcass    1.425 Adult Head    3.7 Adult Eye    5.075 Adult Brain    1.6 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    2.4 Adult Crop    2.3 Adult Midgut    2.5 Adult Hindgut    3.1 Adult Malpighian Tubules no informative data Adult Fat Body no informative data Adult Salivary Gland    8.4 Adult Heart    3.25 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca no informative data Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    6.2 Adult Ovary    860 Adult Testis    4.1 Adult Male Accessory Gland    2.2 Adult Carcass no informative data Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Very high expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    2.425 Larval Midgut    7.8 Larval Hindgut    3.6 Larval Malpighian Tubules    1.6 Larval Fat Body    2.7 Larval Salivary Gland    2.8 Larval Trachea    2.6 Larval Carcass    1.425 Adult Head    3.7 Adult Eye    5.075 Adult Brain    1.6 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    2.4 Adult Crop    2.3 Adult Midgut    2.5 Adult Hindgut    3.1 Adult Malpighian Tubules no informative data Adult Fat Body no informative data Adult Salivary Gland    8.4 Adult Heart    3.25 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca no informative data Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    6.2 Adult Ovary    860 Adult Testis    4.1 Adult Male Accessory Gland    2.2 Adult Carcass no informative data Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  log, scaled to maximum FBgn0004649 expression level Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    2.425 Larval Midgut    7.8 Larval Hindgut    3.6 Larval Malpighian Tubules    1.6 Larval Fat Body    2.7 Larval Salivary Gland    2.8 Larval Trachea    2.6 Larval Carcass    1.425 Adult Head    3.7 Adult Eye    5.075 Adult Brain    1.6 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    2.4 Adult Crop    2.3 Adult Midgut    2.5 Adult Hindgut    3.1 Adult Malpighian Tubules no informative data Adult Fat Body no informative data Adult Salivary Gland    8.4 Adult Heart    3.25 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca no informative data Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    6.2 Adult Ovary    860 Adult Testis    4.1 Adult Male Accessory Gland    2.2 Adult Carcass no informative data Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  log, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    2.425 Larval Midgut    7.8 Larval Hindgut    3.6 Larval Malpighian Tubules    1.6 Larval Fat Body    2.7 Larval Salivary Gland    2.8 Larval Trachea    2.6 Larval Carcass    1.425 Adult Head    3.7 Adult Eye    5.075 Adult Brain    1.6 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    2.4 Adult Crop    2.3 Adult Midgut    2.5 Adult Hindgut    3.1 Adult Malpighian Tubules no informative data Adult Fat Body no informative data Adult Salivary Gland    8.4 Adult Heart    3.25 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca no informative data Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    6.2 Adult Ovary  (860) Adult Testis    4.1 Adult Male Accessory Gland    2.2 Adult Carcass no informative data Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High  log, scaled to High level expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    2.425 Larval Midgut    7.8 Larval Hindgut    3.6 Larval Malpighian Tubules    1.6 Larval Fat Body    2.7 Larval Salivary Gland    2.8 Larval Trachea    2.6 Larval Carcass    1.425 Adult Head    3.7 Adult Eye    5.075 Adult Brain    1.6 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    2.4 Adult Crop    2.3 Adult Midgut    2.5 Adult Hindgut    3.1 Adult Malpighian Tubules no informative data Adult Fat Body no informative data Adult Salivary Gland    8.4 Adult Heart    3.25 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca no informative data Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    6.2 Adult Ovary    860 Adult Testis    4.1 Adult Male Accessory Gland    2.2 Adult Carcass no informative data Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  log, scaled to Very high expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    2.425 Larval Midgut    7.8 Larval Hindgut    3.6 Larval Malpighian Tubules    1.6 Larval Fat Body    2.7 Larval Salivary Gland    2.8 Larval Trachea    2.6 Larval Carcass    1.425 Adult Head    3.7 Adult Eye    5.075 Adult Brain    1.6 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    2.4 Adult Crop    2.3 Adult Midgut    2.5 Adult Hindgut    3.1 Adult Malpighian Tubules no informative data Adult Fat Body no informative data Adult Salivary Gland    8.4 Adult Heart    3.25 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca no informative data Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    6.2 Adult Ovary    860 Adult Testis    4.1 Adult Male Accessory Gland    2.2 Adult Carcass no informative data Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  Heatmap Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System     Larval Midgut     Larval Hindgut     Larval Malpighian Tubules     Larval Fat Body     Larval Salivary Gland     Larval Trachea     Larval Carcass     Adult Head     Adult Eye     Adult Brain     Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion     Adult Crop     Adult Midgut     Adult Hindgut     Adult Malpighian Tubules no informative data Adult Fat Body no informative data Adult Salivary Gland     Adult Heart     Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca no informative data Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca     Adult Ovary     Adult Testis     Adult Male Accessory Gland     Adult Carcass no informative data FlyAtlas Organ/Tissue Expression, larval vs. adult Larval Expression Level Tissue Adult Expression Level   NA  Head    3.7   NA  Eye    5.075   NA  Brain    1.6   2.425  Central Nervous System    NA   NA  Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    2.4   NA  Crop    2.3   7.8  Midgut    2.5   3.6  Hindgut    3.1   1.6  Malpighian Tubules    no informative data   2.7  Fat Body    no informative data   2.8  Salivary Gland    8.4   NA  Heart    3.25   2.6  Trachea    NA   NA  VirginFemale Spermatheca    no informative data   NA  InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    6.2   NA  Ovary    860   NA  Testis    4.1   NA  Male Accessory Gland    2.2   1.425  Carcass    no informative data modENCODE Temporal Expression Data (Graveley et al., 2011) FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data (Chintapalli et al., 2007)
Expression Clusters
	A cluster of genes with similar mRNA expression dynamics across development. (The modENCODE Consortium, 2010) mE2_34_mRNA_expression_cluster_26
External Data & Images
Linkouts	FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies • FBgn0004649 FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array • CG1372-RA
Alleles & Phenotypes
Summary of Allele Phenotypes
Lethality Allele lethal | embryonic stage | maternal effect | recessive ylunspecified viable, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237 ylGD2644 ylGD14480 Sterility Allele female sterile yl14 yl15 yl16 yl17 yl18 yl19 yl20 yl21 yl22 yl23 yl24 yl25 yl26 yl27 female sterile | recessive yl1 yl2 yl3 yl4 yl5 yl7 yl8 yl9 yl11 yl12 yl13 yl14 yl15 yl16 yl17 yl18 yl19 yl20 yl21 yl22 yl23 yl24 yl25 yl26 yl27 yl262b yl1922 yl1976 ylICR756 ylunspecified female sterile soma-dependent yl11 Phenotype manifest in Allele adult hemolymph | female yl1 yl11 yl13 yl15 yl16 yl17 yl18 yl19 yl1922 yl20 yl21 yl22 yl23 yl24 yl25 yl26 yl262b yl27 yl9 ylICR756 chorion yl14 yl15 yl16 yl17 yl18 yl19 yl20 yl21 yl22 yl23 yl24 yl25 yl26 yl27 coated pit yl262b yl9 coated vesicle yl262b yl9 egg yl9 egg | maternal effect ylunspecified stage S10 oocyte yl262b stage S10 oocyte & clathrin-coated vesicle yl15 stage S13 oocyte yl262b stage S14 oocyte yl262b yolk granule yl1 yl11 yl13 yl15 yl16 yl19 yl1922 yl20 yl21 yl22 yl23 yl24 yl25 yl26 yl262b yl27 ylICR756
Classical Alleles ( 36 )
For All Classical Alleles Show
Allele of yl Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion yl13 ethyl methanesulfonate 2 -- yl15 ethyl methanesulfonate 2 -- yld10478 1 -- ylKG02247 P-element activity 1 -- yl10 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- yl11 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- yl12 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- yl14 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- yl16 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- yl17 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- yl18 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- yl1922 0 -- yl1976 0 -- yl19 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- yl1 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- yl20 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- yl21 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- yl22 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- yl23 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- yl24 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- yl25 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- yl262b 0 -- yl26 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- yl27 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- yl28 0 -- yl29 0 -- yl2 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- yl3 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- yl4 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- yl5 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- yl6 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- yl7 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- yl8 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- yl9 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- ylICR756 0 -- ylunspecified ethyl methanesulfonate 0 --
Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs ( 6 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Allele of yl Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion ylGD14480 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 2 Yes ylJF01629 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 1 Yes yl+t9 in vitro construct - genomic fragment 0 Yes ylGD148 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes ylGD2644 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes ylKK104639 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes
Aneuploid Aberrations
Disrupted in	Df(1)g (Waring et al., 1983, Schonbaum et al., 1995) Df(1)KA9 (Waring et al., 1983, Schonbaum et al., 1995, Mitchell et al., 1996)
Not disrupted in	Df(1)NP5 (Mitchell et al., 1996, Mitchell, 1997.2.17) Df(1)RK4 (Mitchell et al., 1996) Df(1)RK5 (Mitchell et al., 1996)
Transgenic Constructs & Insertions
Transgenic Constructs
	Type of construct Name Expression data reporter construct P{yl-lacZ.CHZY191} No P{yl-lacZ.CHZY195} No P{yl-lacZ.CHZY196} No UAS construct P{GD148} NA P{GD2644} NA P{GD14480} NA P{KK104639} NA P{TRiP.JF01629} NA characterization construct P{grk-yl.TMC} NA P{WY173} NA
Insertions
	Type of insertions Name Expression data miscellaneous insertions P{SUPor-P}ylKG02247 NA insertion of mobile activating element P{XP}yld10478 NA
Gene Ontology: Function, Process & Cellular Component ( 6 unique terms )
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence ( 2 terms )
Molecular Function ( 0 terms)
Biological Process ( 0 terms)
Cellular Component
CV term Evidence References
coated vesicle inferred from direct assay (Sommer et al., 2005) cytoplasmic vesicle inferred from direct assay (Sommer et al., 2005)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions ( 4 terms )
Molecular Function
CV term Evidence References
calcium ion binding inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR001881, InterPro:IPR018097 (FlyBase Curators et al., 2004-) vitellogenin receptor activity inferred from sequence or structural similarity (Schonbaum et al., 1995) non-traceable author statement (Schonbaum, 1994.8.15)
Biological Process
CV term Evidence References
oogenesis non-traceable author statement (Perrimon et al., 1986) traceable author statement (Mahowald, 2001) vitellogenesis non-traceable author statement (Swiss-Prot Project Members, 1999.7.15)
Cellular Component ( 0 terms)
Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene
	nuclear_gene   protein_coding_gene
Interactions & Pathways
Summary of Physical Interactions
Protein-protein
Interacting group Assay References
Summary of Genetic Interactions
Interacts with	Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions yl allele Gene References
External Data
Linkouts	BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions • 58737 DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions. • FBgn0004649 InterologFinder Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets. • 32367
Orthologs
Genome-wide drosophilid orthologs	Dana\GF19243 Dere\GG17831 Dgri\GH17685 Dmoj\GI21507 Dper\GL14843 Dpse\GA12483 Dsec\GM17661 Dsim\GD17160 Dvir\GJ19044 Dwil\GK20043 Dyak\GE17125
Curated drosophilid orthologs	Dpse\GA12483
Linkouts	InParanoid A subset of ortholog calls from InParanoid. • AAEL007657-PA Aedes aegypti (mosquito) AAEL014222-PA Aedes aegypti (mosquito) AGAP000427-PA Anopheles gambiae (mosquito) XP_001121707.1 Apis mellifera (honey bee) XP_001944152.1 Acyrthosiphon pisum (pea aphid) CE38950 Caenorhabditis elegans (worm) 126964 Capitella spl (polychaete worm) 308138 Daphnia pulex (daphnia) 40010 Nematostella vectensis (starlet anemone) XP_001602954.1 Nasonia vitripennis (wasp) PHUM003386-PA Pediculus humanus (human body louse) PP04780 Pristionchus pacificus (nematode) XP_780169.2 Strongylocentrotus purpuratus (purple sea urchin) XP_968903.2 Tribolium castaneum (red flour beetle) OrthoDB (Arthropod subset) The hierarchical catalog of eukaryotic orthologs. • NV13371 FBgn0234606 FBgn0222040 FBgn0206189 FBgn0172569 JGI_V11_5691 JGI_V11_237406 JGI_V11_308138 JGI_V11_263601 JGI_V11_248813 JGI_V11_269232 JGI_V11_267643 JGI_V11_18492 FBgn0072529 FBgn0152447 FBgn0144237 FBgn0125155 FBgn0110052 FBgn0096254 CPIJ020278 ACYPI004542 GB16571 AGAP000427 AAEL014222 AAEL007657 PB25500 PHUM038270 GLEAN_08596 GLEAN_04042
Stocks & Reagents
Stocks Listed in FlyBase ( 9 )
Bloomington	4320 yl13 v24/FM3 12886 y1 P{SUPor-P}ylKG02247 31152 y1 v1; P{TRiP.JF01629}attP2 4612 y1 cv1 v1 yl15 f1/FM0
Harvard	- P{XP}yld10478
Kyoto	107686 yl13 v24/FM3 107821 y1 cv1 v1 yl15 f1/FM0
VDRC	v36345 w1118; P{GD14480}v36345 v36346 w1118; P{GD14480}v36346/TM3
Genomic Clones ( 1 )
	BACR12J05 Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete
cDNA Clones ( 65 )
	Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see GBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.
cDNA Clones, Fully Sequenced
BDGP DGC clones	RE59172
Other clones
cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
BDGP DGC clones	GM12695 GM12931 GM15375 GM15992 GM19046 GM21214 GM23189 GM23907 GM27026 GM31261 LD10426 LD26669 LD29201 LD40932 RH64839
Other clones	74167 Dmel_dig_009018_0710_2463 Dmel_dig_012770_0629_3559 Dmel_dig_017268_0625_2537 Dmel_neb_004398_0927_0613 Dmel_neb_011107_0906_0317 Dmel_neb_012540_0398_3215 Dmel_neb_014578_0177_1582 Dmel_neb_014651_0408_1016 Dmel_neb_015355_0855_1329 EK201709 RP004016369 RP004037121 RP004046685 RP004057554 RP004080837 RP004145461 RP004168926 RP004175498 RP004178997 RP004206434 RP004219129 RP004241701 RP004254062 RP004270234 RP004291908 RP004315338 RP004337253 RP004349492 RP004431532 RP004439177 RP004441087 RP004449874 RP004462969 RP004466390 RP004480728 RP004489599 RP004498912 RP004501012 RP004506858 RP004525088 RP004525767 RP004525848 RP004527274 RP004532155 RP004534367 RP004542551 RP004552337 UUGC0525
RNAi & Array Information
Linkouts	DRSC - Results from RNAi screens. • FBgn0004649 GenomeRNAi - GenomeRNAi – A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents • 32367
Antibody Information
	polyclonal (Schonbaum et al., 1995)
Other Information
Discoverer
Etymology
Identification
Relationship to Other Genes
Source for database identity of	Source for identity of: yl CG1372 (Zhong, 1999.11)
Source for database merge of
Additional comments
Other Comments
	yl is part of a phylogenetic reconstruction of the LDLR-family class A clusters using parsimony. (Sappington and Raikhel, 1998) yl has been molecularly characterised: the yl protein is the yolk protein receptor and is a member of the low density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) superfamily. (Schonbaum et al., 1995) Whereas in wild type ovarian follicles the Golgi apparatus and yolk spheres are preferentially labelled by osmium zinc iodide, in mutant follicles the Golgi apparatus and nearby vesicles showed dramatically reduced staining. (Giorgi et al., 1993) Located in 12E1-12F1 by deficiency mapping. (DiMario and Mahowald, 1987) Females homozygous for amorphic alleles of yl lack coated vesicles which are involved in receptor mediated exocytosis. (Perrimon et al., 1986)
External Crossreferences & Linkouts
Sequence Crossreferences
	RefSeq (Transcripts) • NM_078596 NM_206710 RefSeq (Proteins) • NP_511151 NP_996433 DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank • AAB60217 AAF48349 AAO39481 AAS65339 BI372254 BT003478 U13637 Entrez Gene - A searchable database of RefSeq genes. • 32367 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot • P98163
Other Crossreferences
	InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites • EGF-like calcium-binding, conserved site (IPR018097) Six-bladed beta-propeller, TolB-like (IPR011042) LDLR class B repeat (IPR000033) EGF-type aspartate/asparagine hydroxylation site (IPR000152) Epidermal growth factor-like, type 3 (IPR000742) EGF-like calcium-binding (IPR001881) Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor class A repeat (IPR002172) Epidermal growth factor-like (IPR006210) EGF-like region, conserved site (IPR013032) Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor class A, conserved site (IPR023415)
Linkouts
	BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions • 58737 DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions. • FBgn0004649 DRSC - Results from RNAi screens. • FBgn0004649 FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies • FBgn0004649 FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array • CG1372-RA FlyMine - Integrated genomics database for Drosophila, Anopheles, and C.elegans • FBgn0004649 GenomeRNAi - GenomeRNAi – A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents • 32367 InParanoid A subset of ortholog calls from InParanoid. • AAEL007657-PA Aedes aegypti (mosquito) AAEL014222-PA Aedes aegypti (mosquito) AGAP000427-PA Anopheles gambiae (mosquito) XP_001121707.1 Apis mellifera (honey bee) XP_001944152.1 Acyrthosiphon pisum (pea aphid) CE38950 Caenorhabditis elegans (worm) 126964 Capitella spl (polychaete worm) 308138 Daphnia pulex (daphnia) 40010 Nematostella vectensis (starlet anemone) XP_001602954.1 Nasonia vitripennis (wasp) PHUM003386-PA Pediculus humanus (human body louse) PP04780 Pristionchus pacificus (nematode) XP_780169.2 Strongylocentrotus purpuratus (purple sea urchin) XP_968903.2 Tribolium castaneum (red flour beetle) InterologFinder Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets. • 32367 modMine - Data generated by the modENCODE project. • FBgn0004649 OrthoDB (Arthropod subset) The hierarchical catalog of eukaryotic orthologs. • NV13371 FBgn0234606 FBgn0222040 FBgn0206189 FBgn0172569 JGI_V11_5691 JGI_V11_237406 JGI_V11_308138 JGI_V11_263601 JGI_V11_248813 JGI_V11_269232 JGI_V11_267643 JGI_V11_18492 FBgn0072529 FBgn0152447 FBgn0144237 FBgn0125155 FBgn0110052 FBgn0096254 CPIJ020278 ACYPI004542 GB16571 AGAP000427 AAEL014222 AAEL007657 PB25500 PHUM038270 GLEAN_08596 GLEAN_04042
Synonyms & Secondary IDs ( 23 )
Reported As
Symbol Synonym	CG1372 (Gruber and Long, 2009, Ni et al., 2008, Keleman et al., 2009.8.5) CT3114 (Hynes and Zhao, 2000) DmYPR (Sappington and Raikhel, 1998) fs(1)5   fs(1)148 (Mohler and Carroll, 1984) fs(1)A148 (Perrimon et al., 1986) fs(1)K184 (Perrimon and Gans, 1983) fs(1)L186 (Giorgi et al., 1993, ) fs(1)L193   fs(1)L196   fs(1)L211   fs(1)M25 (Perrimon et al., 1986, Mohler and Carroll, 1984, Mohler, 1977, ) fs(1)M205   fs(1)yl   fs(1)yolkless (Perrimon et al., 1986) LR13 (Sappington and Raikhel, 1998) yl (Bokel et al., 2006, Kadener et al., 2006, Schotman et al., 2009) Yl (Bokel et al., 2006, D'Alterio et al., 2005, Kelkar and Dobberstein, 2009) YL (Compagnon et al., 2009)
Name Synonym	Dm Yolkless (Konikoff et al., 2010) yolkless (Sommer et al., 2005, Lee and Cooley, 2007, Tadros et al., 2007, Richard et al., 2005) Yolkless (Wilhelm, 2007, Coutelis and Ephrussi, 2007, D'Alterio et al., 2005, Wilhelm et al., 2005, Vanzo et al., 2007, Kelkar and Dobberstein, 2009, Zappia et al., 2011) YP receptor (Richard et al., 2001)
Secondary FlyBase IDs
	FBgn0000732 FBgn0004043
References ( 61 )
Generate a list of	All references relating to this gene ( 61 )
List References by type	Research paper  ( 34 ) Supplementary material  ( 5 ) Review  ( 2 ) Personal communication to FlyBase  ( 4 ) Abstract  ( 7 ) FlyBase analysis  ( 2 ) Curated genome annotation  ( 2 ) DNA/RNA sequence record  ( 1 ) Protein sequence record  ( 1 ) Computer file  ( 1 ) Automatic genome annotation  ( 1 ) Book  ( 1 )
Recent research papers ( 2 )
	Zappia et al., 2011, PLoS ONE 6(5): e19715 M6 membrane protein plays an essential role in Drosophila oogenesis. [FBrf0213770] Konikoff et al., 2010, J. Mol. Evol. 70(4): 303--312 Distinct molecular evolutionary mechanisms underlie the functional diversification of the Wnt and TGFbeta signaling pathways. [FBrf0210842] Show all research papers ...
Recent reviews (0)
	All reviews listed in FlyBase were published before 2010 Show reviews ...