FB2020_06, released Dec 22, 2020

Gene: Dmel\ash1

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General Information
Symbol
Dmel\ash1
Species
D. melanogaster
Name
absent, small, or homeotic discs 1
Annotation Symbol
CG8887
Feature Type
protein_coding_gene
FlyBase ID
FBgn0005386
Gene Model Status
Current
Stock Availability
14 publicly available
Gene Snapshot
absent, small, or homeotic discs 1 (ash1) encodes a histone methyltransferase involved in transcription regulation. [Date last reviewed: 2018-09-13]
Other Summaries
Also Known As

ash-1, dash, absent, small or homeotic discs 1

Key Links
Genomic Location
Cytogenetic map
76B8-76B9
Sequence location
3L:19,590,773..19,598,755 [-]
Recombination map

3-45

RefSeq locus
NT_037436 REGION:19590773..19598755
Sequence
Get Decorated FASTA
Genomic Maps
Other Genome Views
The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.
NCBI
UCSC
Ensembl
PopFly
Function
GO Summary Ribbons
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (23 terms)
Molecular Function (7 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (7 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
enables chromatin binding
inferred from direct assay
(Huang et al., 2017)
enables histone acetyltransferase binding
inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:nej; FB:FBgn0261617
(Bantignies et al., 2000)
enables histone methyltransferase activity (H3-K36 specific)
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Dorighi and Tamkun, 2013)
inferred from direct assay
(Huang et al., 2017, Tanaka et al., 2007)
enables histone methyltransferase activity (H3-K4 specific)
inferred from direct assay
(Byrd and Shearn, 2003)
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Byrd and Shearn, 2003)
NOT enables histone methyltransferase activity (H3-K9 specific)
inferred from direct assay
(Tanaka et al., 2007)
NOT enables histone methyltransferase activity (H4-K20 specific)
inferred from direct assay
(Tanaka et al., 2007)
enables histone methyltransferase activity
inferred from direct assay
(Huang et al., 2017)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (0 terms)
Biological Process (11 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (11 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in chromatin-mediated maintenance of transcription
inferred from mutant phenotype
(LaJeunesse and Shearn, 1995)
involved_in embryonic development via the syncytial blastoderm
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Tripoulas et al., 1994)
involved_in histone H3-K36 dimethylation
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Dorighi and Tamkun, 2013)
involved_in histone H3-K36 methylation
inferred from direct assay
(Huang et al., 2017, Tanaka et al., 2007)
involved_in histone H3-K4 methylation
inferred from direct assay
(Byrd and Shearn, 2003)
involved_in histone methylation
inferred from direct assay
(Huang et al., 2017)
involved_in negative regulation of histone H3-K27 methylation
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Dorighi and Tamkun, 2013)
involved_in oogenesis
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Tripoulas et al., 1994)
involved_in oviposition
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Tripoulas et al., 1994)
involved_in positive regulation of gene expression
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Huang et al., 2017)
involved_in regulation of transcription, DNA-templated
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Goodliffe et al., 2007)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (0 terms)
Cellular Component (5 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (5 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
located_in chromatin
inferred from direct assay
(Steffen et al., 2013)
part_of histone methyltransferase complex
inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:MRG15; FB:FBgn0027378, FLYBASE:Caf1-55; FB:FBgn0263979
(Huang et al., 2017)
located_in nucleus
inferred from high throughput direct assay
(Sarov et al., 2016)
located_in polytene chromosome
inferred from direct assay
(Bantignies et al., 2000)
part_of protein-containing complex
inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:nej; FB:FBgn0261617
(Bantignies et al., 2000)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
located_in nucleus
inferred by curator from GO:0048096
(LaJeunesse and Shearn, 1995)
Gene Group (FlyBase)
Protein Family (UniProt)
Belongs to the class V-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. Histone-lysine methyltransferase family. SET2 subfamily. (Q9VW15)
Protein Signatures (InterPro)
Summaries
Gene Group (FlyBase)
SET DOMAIN LYSINE METHYLTRANSFERASES -
SET domain lysine methyltransferases (KMTs) catalyze the addition of methyl groups to lysine residues. SET domain KMTs possess a domain that was original characterized in the D.mel KMTs Su(var)3-9, E(z) and trx. (Adapted from FBrf0216343).
Protein Function (UniProtKB)
Trithorax group (TrxG) protein that has histone methyltransferase activity (PubMed:13679578, PubMed:16882982). Specifically trimethylates 'Lys-4' of histone H3 (H3K4me3), a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional activation (PubMed:13679578, PubMed:16882982). TrxG proteins are generally required to maintain the transcriptionally active state of homeotic genes throughout development. Does not act as a coactivator required for transcriptional activation, but specifically prevents inappropriate Polycomb Group (PcG) silencing of homeotic genes in cells in which they must stay transcriptionally active (PubMed:15031712).
(UniProt, Q9VW15)
Phenotypic Description (Red Book; Lindsley and Zimm 1992)
ash1: absent, small, or homeotic discs
Most alleles homozygous lethal; stage of lethality variable. Surviving and pharate adults display transformations including haltere to wing, first and third legs to second leg, genitalia to leg or antenna; ash18 and ash110 show transformation of posterior to anterior wing margin. Homeotic transformations also seen in clones of homozygous cells in otherwise heterozygous flies. Larvae homozygous for ash112, a severe allele, displays a high incidence of failure to form imaginal disks, especially antennal, genital, haltere, and wing disks.
dash: discs absent, small, or homeotic (A. Shearn)
Homozygotes lethal at prepupal-pupal stage; imaginal discs described as homeotic, with the second leg and the wing discs described as like engrailed. Disc and cell autonomous.
Summary (Interactive Fly)
Gene Model and Products
Number of Transcripts
2
Number of Unique Polypeptides
1

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\ash1 for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)
Isoform displayed:
Pfam protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Protein Domains (via SMART)
Isoform displayed:
SMART protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Comments on Gene Model

Gene model reviewed during 5.46

Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene
nuclear_gene
protein_coding_gene
Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name
FlyBase ID
RefSeq ID
Length (nt)
Assoc. CDS (aa)
ash1-RB
FBtr0306009
NM_079436
7600
2226
ash1-RC
FBtr0306010
NM_001259905
7615
2226
Additional Transcript Data and Comments
Reported size (kB)

7.5 (northern blot)

(Tripoulas et al., 1994)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name
FlyBase ID
Predicted MW (kDa)
Length (aa)
Theoretical pI
RefSeq ID
GenBank
ash1-PB
FBpp0297151
246.3
2226
10.19
NP_524160
AAF49140
ash1-PC
FBpp0297152
246.3
2226
10.19
NP_001246834
AFH04505
Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

The group(s) of polypeptides indicated below share identical sequence to each other.

2226 aa isoforms: ash1-PB, ash1-PC
Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments
Reported size (kDa)

270 (kD observed)

(Papoulas et al., 1998)
Comments
External Data
Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)

Component of a large multiprotein complex distinct from complexes containing ash2 or brm (PubMed:9735357). Interacts (via SET domain) with trx (via SET domain) (PubMed:10454589, PubMed:10656681). Interacts with nej/cbp (PubMed:11094082).

(UniProt, Q9VW15)
Domain

The SET domain is sufficient for methyltransferase activity.

(UniProt, Q9VW15)
Crossreferences
InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
Linkouts
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\ash1 using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data
Crossreferences
Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
Linkouts
Expression Data
Expression Summary Ribbons
Colored tiles in ribbon indicate that expression data has been curated by FlyBase for that anatomical location. Colorless tiles indicate that there is no curated data for that location.
For complete stage-specific expression data, view the modENCODE Development RNA-Seq section under High-Throughput Expression below.
Transcript Expression
in situ
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
embryonic stage 1 -- 3
organism | intense | ubiquitous

Comment: maternally deposited

(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 4 -- 6
organism | ubiquitous
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 7 -- 8
organism | ubiquitous
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 9 -- 10
organism | ubiquitous
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 11 -- 12
organism | ubiquitous
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 13 -- 16
organism | ubiquitous
(Fisher et al., 2012)
blastoderm stage
organism | ubiquitous
(Tripoulas et al., 1994)
northern blot
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
adult stage & oogenesis
nurse cell
(Tripoulas et al., 1994)
third instar larval stage
imaginal disc
(Tripoulas et al., 1994)
embryonic stage -- adult stage
(Tripoulas et al., 1994)
Additional Descriptive Data

ash1 transcripts are present at all stages of development but are less abundant in larvae than in pupae. In ovaries, transcripts are detected in nurse cells and are most abundant in stage 10 egg chambers. ash1 transcripts are detected in preblastoderm and blastoderm embryos and at later stages. In third instar larvae, transcripts are detected in imaginal discs but not in most larval tissues.

(Tripoulas et al., 1994)
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Polypeptide Expression
mass spectroscopy
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
day 5 of adulthood & male -- day 7 of adulthood & male
spermatozoon
(Wasbrough et al., 2010)
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Evidence
References
located_in chromatin
inferred from direct assay
(Steffen et al., 2013)
part_of histone methyltransferase complex
inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:MRG15; FB:FBgn0027378, FLYBASE:Caf1-55; FB:FBgn0263979
(Huang et al., 2017)
located_in nucleus
inferred from high throughput direct assay
(Sarov et al., 2016)
located_in polytene chromosome
inferred from direct assay
(Bantignies et al., 2000)
part_of protein-containing complex
inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:nej; FB:FBgn0261617
(Bantignies et al., 2000)
Expression Deduced from Reporters
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools

GBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\ash1 in GBrowse 2
RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region
Bulk Downloads
RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes
Reference
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle
Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis
External Data and Images
Linkouts
BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies
FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
Images
FlyBase Wiki
Image Based Resources
Alleles, Insertions, and Transgenic Constructs
Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 47 )
For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show
 
Other relevant insertions
Transgenic Constructs ( 23 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of ash1
Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of ash1
Deletions and Duplications ( 29 )
Phenotypes
For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.
Lethality
Allele
lethal
lethal, with Scer\GAL4Act5C.PI
lethal, with Scer\GAL4en.PU
lethal (with ash1AM1)
lethal (with ash1AM2)
lethal (with ash1AM3)
lethal (with ash1AM4)
lethal (with ash1AM5)
lethal (with Df(3L)Exel9007)
lethal (with Df(3L)Exel9011)
lethal | heat sensitive
lethal | late third instar larval stage (with Df(3L)kto2)
lethal | pharate adult stage (with Df(3L)kto2)
lethal | pharate adult stage | heat sensitive (with Df(3L)kto2)
lethal | pupal stage (with Df(3L)kto2)
lethal | pupal stage | heat sensitive (with Df(3L)kto2)
lethal | recessive
lethal | recessive, with Tn10\tetR- :
lethal | recessive | heat sensitive
lethal | RU486 conditional, with Tn10\tetRrtTA.Act5C
lethal - all die before end of larval stage (with Df(3L)Exel9007)
lethal - all die before end of larval stage | recessive
lethal - all die before end of prepupal stage | recessive
lethal - all die before end of P-stage
lethal - all die before end of P-stage (with Df(3L)Exel9011)
lethal - all die before end of P-stage | recessive
lethal - all die before end of pupal stage (with Df(3L)Exel9007)
lethal - all die before end of pupal stage (with Df(3L)Exel9011)
lethal - all die before end of pupal stage | recessive
lethal - all die during larval stage (with Df(3L)Exel9007)
lethal - all die during P-stage
lethal - all die during P-stage (with Df(3L)Exel9011)
partially lethal - majority die, with ash17F
partially lethal - majority die, with ash1Ubi-p63E.FL
partially lethal - majority die, with ash1ΔAT.Ubi-p63E
partially lethal - majority die, with ash1ΔBAH.Ubi-p63E
partially lethal - majority die, with ash1ΔPHD.Ubi-p63E
partially lethal - majority die, with Df(3L)Exel9011/ash13M
partially lethal - majority die, with Df(3L)Exel9011/ash13M, ash1ΔBAH.Ubi-p63E
partially lethal - majority die, with Df(3L)Exel9011/ash13M, ash1ΔPHD.Ubi-p63E
partially lethal - majority die, with Df(3L)Exel9011/ash13M, ash1ΔSET.Ubi-p63E
partially lethal - majority die, with Df(3L)Exel9011/ash122
partially lethal - majority die, with Scer\GAL4ey.PH
partially lethal - majority die, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237
partially lethal - majority die (with ash121)
partially lethal - majority die (with ash122)
partially lethal - majority die (with Df(3L)Exel9011), with ash1ΔBAH.Ubi-p63E
partially lethal - majority die (with Df(3L)Exel9011), with ash1ΔBAH.Ubi-p63E, ash1ΔSET.Ubi-p63E
partially lethal - majority die (with Df(3L)Exel9011), with ash1ΔPHD.Ubi-p63E
partially lethal - majority die (with Df(3L)Exel9011), with ash1ΔPHD.Ubi-p63E, ash1ΔSET.Ubi-p63E
partially lethal - majority die (with Df(3L)Exel9011), with ash1ΔSET.Ubi-p63E
viable
viable, with Dcr-2UAS.cDa, Scer\GAL4elav.PLu
viable, with Scer\GAL4Mef2.PR
viable, with Scer\GAL4tin.CΔ4
viable, with Scer\GAL4wor.PA
Sterility
Allele
fertile
fertile, with ash122
fertile, with ash1+t9.5
fertile, with ash1C.Tag:TAP
fertile, with ash1N.Tag:TAP
Other Phenotypes
Allele
enhancer of variegation | dominant, with P{lacW}Dplac
enhancer of variegation | dominant, with P{lacW}Dplac, gypsy{}ci-E1
homeotic
homeotic (with ash122)
homeotic (with ash1R1288A)
homeotic | adult stage, with Df(3L)Exel9011/ash13M
homeotic | adult stage, with Df(3L)Exel9011/ash13M, ash1ΔBAH.Ubi-p63E
homeotic | adult stage, with Df(3L)Exel9011/ash13M, ash1ΔPHD.Ubi-p63E
homeotic | adult stage, with Df(3L)Exel9011/ash13M, ash1ΔSET.Ubi-p63E
homeotic | adult stage, with Df(3L)Exel9011/ash122
homeotic | adult stage (with ash121)
homeotic | adult stage (with ash122)
homeotic | adult stage (with Df(3L)Exel9011)
homeotic | adult stage (with Df(3L)Exel9011), with ash1ΔBAH.Ubi-p63E
homeotic | adult stage (with Df(3L)Exel9011), with ash1ΔBAH.Ubi-p63E, ash1ΔSET.Ubi-p63E
homeotic | adult stage (with Df(3L)Exel9011), with ash1ΔPHD.Ubi-p63E
homeotic | adult stage (with Df(3L)Exel9011), with ash1ΔPHD.Ubi-p63E, ash1ΔSET.Ubi-p63E
homeotic | adult stage (with Df(3L)Exel9011), with ash1ΔSET.Ubi-p63E
homeotic | pharate adult stage
homeotic | recessive
majority die during P-stage (with ash121)
majority die during P-stage (with ash122)
non-enhancer of variegation, with P{hsp26-pt-T}39C-5
non-enhancer of variegation, with P{hsp26-pt-T}39C-27
non-suppressor of variegation, with In(1)wm4
non-suppressor of variegation, with P{hsp26-pt-T}39C-5
non-suppressor of variegation, with P{hsp26-pt-T}39C-27
short lived | RU486 conditional, with Tn10\tetRrtTA.Act5C
size defective | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4ey.PH
size defective | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4Cg.PA
some die during larval stage
some die during larval stage (with Df(3L)Exel9011)
some die during larval stage | recessive
some die during pharate adult stage | recessive
some die during prepupal stage | recessive
some die during P-stage
some die during P-stage (with Df(3L)Exel9011)
some die during pupal stage, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237
some die during pupal stage | recessive
suppressor of variegation | dominant, with In(1)wm4
suppressor of variegation | dominant, with P{wA}4-4
suppressor of variegation | dominant | female limited, with P{hsp26-pt-T}39C-31
visible (with ash122)
visible (with ash1R1288A)
visible | adult stage, with Df(3L)Exel9011/ash13M, ash1ΔBAH.Ubi-p63E
visible | adult stage, with Df(3L)Exel9011/ash13M, ash1ΔPHD.Ubi-p63E
visible | adult stage, with Df(3L)Exel9011/ash13M, ash1ΔSET.Ubi-p63E
visible | adult stage, with Df(3L)Exel9011/ash122
visible | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4en.PU
visible | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4ey.PH
visible | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4nub.PK
visible | adult stage (with ash121)
visible | adult stage (with ash122)
visible | adult stage (with Df(3L)Exel9011)
visible | adult stage (with Df(3L)Exel9011), with ash1ΔBAH.Ubi-p63E
visible | adult stage (with Df(3L)Exel9011), with ash1ΔBAH.Ubi-p63E, ash1ΔSET.Ubi-p63E
visible | adult stage (with Df(3L)Exel9011), with ash1ΔPHD.Ubi-p63E
visible | adult stage (with Df(3L)Exel9011), with ash1ΔPHD.Ubi-p63E, ash1ΔSET.Ubi-p63E
visible | adult stage (with Df(3L)Exel9011), with ash1ΔSET.Ubi-p63E
visible | dominant | homeotic
visible | homeotic
visible | recessive
Phenotype manifest in
Allele
abdominal segment
abdominal segment 2 (with ash125)
abdominal segment 2 (with ash127)
abdominal segment 6
abdominal segment 7 | male (with ash125)
abdominal segment 7 | male (with ash127)
abdominal segment 7 | pharate adult stage
abdominal segment | pharate adult stage
adult abdomen, with Df(3L)Exel9011/ash13M
adult abdomen, with Df(3L)Exel9011/ash13M, ash1ΔBAH.Ubi-p63E
adult abdomen, with Df(3L)Exel9011/ash13M, ash1ΔPHD.Ubi-p63E
adult abdomen, with Df(3L)Exel9011/ash13M, ash1ΔSET.Ubi-p63E
adult abdomen (with Df(3L)Exel9011), with ash1ΔBAH.Ubi-p63E, ash1ΔSET.Ubi-p63E
adult abdomen (with Df(3L)Exel9011), with ash1ΔPHD.Ubi-p63E
adult abdomen (with Df(3L)Exel9011), with ash1ΔPHD.Ubi-p63E, ash1ΔSET.Ubi-p63E
adult abdominal segment 4 (with ash121)
adult abdominal segment 4 (with ash122)
adult abdominal segment 5, with Df(3L)Exel9011/ash122
adult abdominal segment 5 (with ash121)
adult abdominal segment 5 (with ash122)
adult abdominal segment 5 (with Df(3L)Exel9011), with ash1ΔBAH.Ubi-p63E
adult abdominal segment 5 (with Df(3L)Exel9011), with ash1ΔPHD.Ubi-p63E
adult abdominal segment 5 (with Df(3L)Exel9011), with ash1ΔSET.Ubi-p63E
adult abdominal segment 6, with Df(3L)Exel9011/ash122
adult abdominal segment 6 (with ash121)
adult abdominal segment 6 (with ash122)
adult abdominal segment 6 (with Df(3L)Exel9011), with ash1ΔBAH.Ubi-p63E
adult abdominal segment 6 (with Df(3L)Exel9011), with ash1ΔPHD.Ubi-p63E
adult abdominal segment 6 (with Df(3L)Exel9011), with ash1ΔSET.Ubi-p63E
adult abdominal segment (with Df(3L)Exel9011)
adult mesothoracic segment, with Df(3L)Exel9011/ash13M
adult mesothoracic segment, with Df(3L)Exel9011/ash13M, ash1ΔBAH.Ubi-p63E
adult mesothoracic segment, with Df(3L)Exel9011/ash13M, ash1ΔPHD.Ubi-p63E
adult mesothoracic segment, with Df(3L)Exel9011/ash13M, ash1ΔSET.Ubi-p63E
adult mesothoracic segment, with Df(3L)Exel9011/ash122
adult mesothoracic segment (with ash121)
adult mesothoracic segment (with ash122)
adult mesothoracic segment (with Df(3L)Exel9011), with ash1ΔBAH.Ubi-p63E
adult mesothoracic segment (with Df(3L)Exel9011), with ash1ΔBAH.Ubi-p63E, ash1ΔSET.Ubi-p63E
adult mesothoracic segment (with Df(3L)Exel9011), with ash1ΔPHD.Ubi-p63E
adult mesothoracic segment (with Df(3L)Exel9011), with ash1ΔPHD.Ubi-p63E, ash1ΔSET.Ubi-p63E
adult mesothoracic segment (with Df(3L)Exel9011), with ash1ΔSET.Ubi-p63E
adult mesothoracic segment | ectopic, with Df(3L)Exel9011/ash13M
adult mesothoracic segment | ectopic, with Df(3L)Exel9011/ash13M, ash1ΔBAH.Ubi-p63E
adult mesothoracic segment | ectopic, with Df(3L)Exel9011/ash13M, ash1ΔPHD.Ubi-p63E
adult mesothoracic segment | ectopic, with Df(3L)Exel9011/ash13M, ash1ΔSET.Ubi-p63E
adult mesothoracic segment | ectopic, with Df(3L)Exel9011/ash122
adult mesothoracic segment | ectopic (with ash121)
adult mesothoracic segment | ectopic (with ash122)
adult mesothoracic segment | ectopic (with Df(3L)Exel9011), with ash1ΔBAH.Ubi-p63E
adult mesothoracic segment | ectopic (with Df(3L)Exel9011), with ash1ΔBAH.Ubi-p63E, ash1ΔSET.Ubi-p63E
adult mesothoracic segment | ectopic (with Df(3L)Exel9011), with ash1ΔPHD.Ubi-p63E
adult mesothoracic segment | ectopic (with Df(3L)Exel9011), with ash1ΔPHD.Ubi-p63E, ash1ΔSET.Ubi-p63E
adult mesothoracic segment | ectopic (with Df(3L)Exel9011), with ash1ΔSET.Ubi-p63E
adult metathoracic segment (with Df(3L)Exel9011)
adult sensillum
adult sensillum (with ash122)
adult sensillum (with ash1R1288A)
embryonic/larval fat body | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4Cg.PA
eye, with Scer\GAL4ey.PH
haltere
haltere, with Df(3L)Exel9011/ash13M
haltere, with Df(3L)Exel9011/ash13M, ash1ΔBAH.Ubi-p63E
haltere, with Df(3L)Exel9011/ash13M, ash1ΔPHD.Ubi-p63E
haltere, with Df(3L)Exel9011/ash13M, ash1ΔSET.Ubi-p63E
haltere, with Df(3L)Exel9011/ash122
haltere (with ash121)
haltere (with ash122)
haltere (with Df(3L)Exel9011), with ash1ΔBAH.Ubi-p63E
haltere (with Df(3L)Exel9011), with ash1ΔBAH.Ubi-p63E, ash1ΔSET.Ubi-p63E
haltere (with Df(3L)Exel9011), with ash1ΔPHD.Ubi-p63E
haltere (with Df(3L)Exel9011), with ash1ΔPHD.Ubi-p63E, ash1ΔSET.Ubi-p63E
haltere (with Df(3L)Exel9011), with ash1ΔSET.Ubi-p63E
haltere disc
haltere pedicel | adult stage
haltere pedicel | adult stage (with ash122)
haltere pedicel | adult stage (with ash1R1288A)
imaginal disc
imaginal disc | heat sensitive (with Df(3L)kto2)
leg sensillum | adult stage | ectopic
leg sensillum | adult stage | ectopic (with ash122)
leg sensillum | adult stage | ectopic (with ash1R1288A)
mesothoracic leg, with Df(3L)Exel9011/ash13M
mesothoracic leg, with Df(3L)Exel9011/ash13M, ash1ΔBAH.Ubi-p63E
mesothoracic leg, with Df(3L)Exel9011/ash13M, ash1ΔPHD.Ubi-p63E
mesothoracic leg, with Df(3L)Exel9011/ash13M, ash1ΔSET.Ubi-p63E
mesothoracic leg, with Df(3L)Exel9011/ash122
mesothoracic leg (with ash121)
mesothoracic leg (with ash122)
mesothoracic leg (with Df(3L)Exel9011), with ash1ΔBAH.Ubi-p63E
mesothoracic leg (with Df(3L)Exel9011), with ash1ΔBAH.Ubi-p63E, ash1ΔSET.Ubi-p63E
mesothoracic leg (with Df(3L)Exel9011), with ash1ΔPHD.Ubi-p63E
mesothoracic leg (with Df(3L)Exel9011), with ash1ΔPHD.Ubi-p63E, ash1ΔSET.Ubi-p63E
mesothoracic leg (with Df(3L)Exel9011), with ash1ΔSET.Ubi-p63E
mesothoracic leg | ectopic (with ash121)
mesothoracic leg | ectopic (with ash122)
mesothoracic tibial apical bristle, with Df(3L)Exel9011/ash122
mesothoracic tibial apical bristle (with ash121)
mesothoracic tibial apical bristle (with ash122)
mesothoracic tibial apical bristle (with Df(3L)Exel9011), with ash1ΔBAH.Ubi-p63E
mesothoracic tibial apical bristle (with Df(3L)Exel9011), with ash1ΔPHD.Ubi-p63E
mesothoracic tibial apical bristle (with Df(3L)Exel9011), with ash1ΔSET.Ubi-p63E
metathoracic bristle | ectopic, with Df(3L)Exel9011/ash122
metathoracic bristle | ectopic (with ash121)
metathoracic bristle | ectopic (with ash122)
metathoracic bristle | ectopic (with Df(3L)Exel9011), with ash1ΔBAH.Ubi-p63E
metathoracic bristle | ectopic (with Df(3L)Exel9011), with ash1ΔPHD.Ubi-p63E
metathoracic bristle | ectopic (with Df(3L)Exel9011), with ash1ΔSET.Ubi-p63E
metathoracic leg (with ash121)
metathoracic leg (with ash122)
metathoracic leg | adult stage
metathoracic leg | adult stage (with ash122)
metathoracic leg | adult stage (with ash1R1288A)
metathoracic leg | ectopic, with Df(3L)Exel9011/ash13M
metathoracic leg | ectopic, with Df(3L)Exel9011/ash13M, ash1ΔBAH.Ubi-p63E
metathoracic leg | ectopic, with Df(3L)Exel9011/ash13M, ash1ΔPHD.Ubi-p63E
metathoracic leg | ectopic, with Df(3L)Exel9011/ash13M, ash1ΔSET.Ubi-p63E
metathoracic leg | ectopic, with Df(3L)Exel9011/ash122
metathoracic leg | ectopic (with ash121)
metathoracic leg | ectopic (with ash122)
metathoracic leg | ectopic (with Df(3L)Exel9011), with ash1ΔBAH.Ubi-p63E
metathoracic leg | ectopic (with Df(3L)Exel9011), with ash1ΔBAH.Ubi-p63E, ash1ΔSET.Ubi-p63E
metathoracic leg | ectopic (with Df(3L)Exel9011), with ash1ΔPHD.Ubi-p63E
metathoracic leg | ectopic (with Df(3L)Exel9011), with ash1ΔPHD.Ubi-p63E, ash1ΔSET.Ubi-p63E
metathoracic leg | ectopic (with Df(3L)Exel9011), with ash1ΔSET.Ubi-p63E
metathoracic segment | heat sensitive
mitochondrion | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4Cg.PA
ovary | heat sensitive (with ash11)
ovary | heat sensitive (with ash114)
ovary | heat sensitive (with ash128)
posterior crossvein, with Scer\GAL4en.PU
posterior crossvein, with Scer\GAL4nub.PK
thoracic segment | pharate adult stage
wing
wing, with Scer\GAL4en.PU
wing | ectopic
wing | ectopic, with Df(3L)Exel9011/ash13M
wing | ectopic, with Df(3L)Exel9011/ash13M, ash1ΔBAH.Ubi-p63E
wing | ectopic, with Df(3L)Exel9011/ash13M, ash1ΔPHD.Ubi-p63E
wing | ectopic, with Df(3L)Exel9011/ash13M, ash1ΔSET.Ubi-p63E
wing | ectopic, with Df(3L)Exel9011/ash122
wing | ectopic (with ash121)
wing | ectopic (with ash122)
wing | ectopic (with Df(3L)Exel9011), with ash1ΔBAH.Ubi-p63E
wing | ectopic (with Df(3L)Exel9011), with ash1ΔBAH.Ubi-p63E, ash1ΔSET.Ubi-p63E
wing | ectopic (with Df(3L)Exel9011), with ash1ΔPHD.Ubi-p63E
wing | ectopic (with Df(3L)Exel9011), with ash1ΔPHD.Ubi-p63E, ash1ΔSET.Ubi-p63E
wing | ectopic (with Df(3L)Exel9011), with ash1ΔSET.Ubi-p63E
wing blade, with Scer\GAL4nub.PK
wing posterior compartment, with Scer\GAL4en.PU
wing sensillum | ectopic, with Df(3L)Exel9011/ash122
wing sensillum | ectopic (with ash121)
wing sensillum | ectopic (with ash122)
wing sensillum | ectopic (with Df(3L)Exel9011), with ash1ΔBAH.Ubi-p63E
wing sensillum | ectopic (with Df(3L)Exel9011), with ash1ΔPHD.Ubi-p63E
wing sensillum | ectopic (with Df(3L)Exel9011), with ash1ΔSET.Ubi-p63E
wing vein, with Scer\GAL4en.PU
Orthologs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Orthologs
Download All OrthoDB Orthologs
Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v8.0)
Homo sapiens (Human) (23)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
Isobase
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
RoundUp
TreeFam
ZFIN
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Hsap\ASH1L
10 of 15
Yes
Yes
Hsap\SETBP1
4 of 15
No
Yes
Hsap\NSD1
3 of 15
No
No
Hsap\NSD2
3 of 15
No
No
Hsap\KMT2C
2 of 15
No
No
Hsap\KMT2D
2 of 15
No
No
Hsap\NSD3
2 of 15
No
No
Hsap\SETD2
2 of 15
No
No
Hsap\DIDO1
1 of 15
No
No
Hsap\EHMT1
1 of 15
No
No
Hsap\EZH1
1 of 15
No
No
Hsap\KMT2A
1 of 15
No
No
3  
Hsap\KMT2B
1 of 15
No
No
Hsap\KMT2E
1 of 15
No
No
Hsap\MIR555
1 of 15
No
Yes
Hsap\PHF20
1 of 15
No
No
Hsap\PHF20L1
1 of 15
No
No
Hsap\SDHD
1 of 15
No
No
1  
Hsap\SETD1A
1 of 15
No
No
Hsap\SETD1B
1 of 15
No
No
Hsap\SETD5
1 of 15
No
No
1  
Hsap\SETDB1
1 of 15
No
No
1  
Hsap\SETDB2
1 of 15
No
No
Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v8.0)
Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (23)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
Isobase
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
RoundUp
TreeFam
ZFIN
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Mmus\Ash1l
10 of 15
Yes
Yes
Mmus\Setbp1
4 of 15
No
Yes
Mmus\Nsd1
3 of 15
No
No
Mmus\Nsd2
3 of 15
No
No
Mmus\Kmt2c
2 of 15
No
No
Mmus\Kmt2d
2 of 15
No
No
Mmus\Nsd3
2 of 15
No
No
Mmus\Setd1a
2 of 15
No
No
Mmus\Apba1
1 of 15
No
No
Mmus\Dido1
1 of 15
No
No
Mmus\Ehmt1
1 of 15
No
No
Mmus\Ezh1
1 of 15
No
No
Mmus\Kmt2a
1 of 15
No
No
Mmus\Kmt2b
1 of 15
No
No
Mmus\Kmt2e
1 of 15
No
No
Mmus\Phf3
1 of 15
No
No
Mmus\Phf20l1
1 of 15
No
No
Mmus\Setd1b
1 of 15
No
No
Mmus\Setd2
1 of 15
No
No
Mmus\Setd5
1 of 15
No
No
Mmus\Setdb1
1 of 15
No
No
Mmus\Setdb2
1 of 15
No
No
Mmus\Spocd1
1 of 15
No
No
Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (13)
Rnor\Ash1l
9 of 13
Yes
Yes
Rnor\Nsd1
2 of 13
No
No
Rnor\Nsd2
2 of 13
No
No
Rnor\Ehmt1
1 of 13
No
No
Rnor\Ezh1
1 of 13
No
No
Rnor\Kmt2a
1 of 13
No
No
Rnor\Kmt2b
1 of 13
No
No
Rnor\Kmt2d
1 of 13
No
No
Rnor\Nsd3
1 of 13
No
No
Rnor\Setbp1
1 of 13
No
Yes
Rnor\Setd2
1 of 13
No
No
Rnor\Setdb1
1 of 13
No
No
Rnor\Setdb2
1 of 13
No
No
Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (14)
Xtro\setbp1
3 of 12
Yes
Yes
Xtro\LOC108645568
2 of 12
No
Yes
Xtro\nsd1
2 of 12
No
No
Xtro\nsd2
2 of 12
No
No
Xtro\ehmt1
1 of 12
No
No
Xtro\ezh1
1 of 12
No
No
Xtro\kmt2a
1 of 12
No
No
Xtro\kmt2c
1 of 12
No
No
Xtro\kmt2d
1 of 12
No
No
Xtro\setd1a
1 of 12
No
No
Xtro\setd1b
1 of 12
No
No
Xtro\setd2
1 of 12
No
No
Xtro\setdb1
1 of 12
No
No
Xtro\setdb2
1 of 12
No
No
Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (23)
Drer\ash1l
11 of 15
Yes
Yes
Drer\setbp1
4 of 15
No
Yes
Drer\nsd1b
3 of 15
No
No
Drer\nsd2
3 of 15
No
No
Drer\kmt2d
2 of 15
No
No
Drer\nsd1a
2 of 15
No
No
Drer\nsd3
2 of 15
No
No
Drer\ehmt1a
1 of 15
No
No
Drer\ehmt1b
1 of 15
No
No
Drer\ezh1
1 of 15
No
No
Drer\kmt2ca
1 of 15
No
No
Drer\kmt2cb
1 of 15
No
No
Drer\kmt2e
1 of 15
No
No
Drer\LOC101883274
1 of 15
No
Yes
Drer\LOC103910708
1 of 15
No
Yes
Drer\phf3
1 of 15
No
No
Drer\phf20b
1 of 15
No
No
Drer\phf20l1
1 of 15
No
No
Drer\setd1a
1 of 15
No
No
Drer\setd1ba
1 of 15
No
No
Drer\setd2
1 of 15
No
No
Drer\setdb1a
1 of 15
No
No
Drer\setdb1b
1 of 15
No
No
Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (19)
Cele\lin-59
7 of 15
Yes
Yes
Cele\met-1
2 of 15
No
No
Cele\C16A11.4
1 of 15
No
No
Cele\mes-4
1 of 15
No
No
Cele\set-5
1 of 15
No
No
Cele\set-6
1 of 15
No
No
Cele\set-8
1 of 15
No
No
Cele\set-9
1 of 15
No
No
Cele\set-11
1 of 15
No
No
Cele\set-12
1 of 15
No
No
Cele\set-13
1 of 15
No
No
Cele\set-15
1 of 15
No
No
Cele\set-16
1 of 15
No
No
Cele\set-19
1 of 15
No
No
Cele\set-21
1 of 15
No
No
Cele\set-23
1 of 15
No
No
Cele\set-26
1 of 15
No
No
Cele\set-32
1 of 15
No
No
Cele\set-33
1 of 15
No
No
Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (1)
Atha\SDG4
1 of 9
Yes
Yes
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (7)
Scer\BYE1
1 of 15
Yes
No
Scer\CTI6
1 of 15
Yes
No
Scer\RSC2
1 of 15
Yes
No
Scer\SET1
1 of 15
Yes
No
Scer\SET2
1 of 15
Yes
No
Scer\SET3
1 of 15
Yes
No
Scer\SET4
1 of 15
Yes
No
Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (5)
Spom\cti6
1 of 12
Yes
No
Spom\set1
1 of 12
Yes
No
Spom\set2
1 of 12
Yes
No
Spom\set3
1 of 12
Yes
No
Spom\SPCC645.13
1 of 12
Yes
No
Ortholog(s) in Drosophila Species (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG091900M2 )
Organism
Common Name
Gene
AAA Syntenic Ortholog
Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group
Drosophila suzukii
Spotted wing Drosophila
Dsuz\DS10_00010979
Drosophila simulans
Dsim\GD12268
Drosophila sechellia
Dsec\GM17444
Drosophila erecta
Dere\GG13392
Drosophila yakuba
Dyak\GE22484
Drosophila yakuba
Dyak\GE22770
Drosophila yakuba
Dyak\GE29162
Drosophila ananassae
Dana\GF10724
Drosophila pseudoobscura pseudoobscura
Dpse\GA21391
Drosophila persimilis
Dper\GL20883
Drosophila willistoni
Dwil\GK20252
Drosophila virilis
Dvir\GJ11874
Drosophila mojavensis
Dmoj\GI13513
Drosophila grimshawi
Dgri\GH14625
Orthologs in non-Drosophila Dipterans (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG09150157 )
Organism
Common Name
Gene
Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group
Musca domestica
House fly
Mdoa\17014400
Glossina morsitans
Tsetse fly
Gmor\GMOY005928
Lucilia cuprina
Australian sheep blowfly
Lcup\FF38_06204
Lucilia cuprina
Australian sheep blowfly
Lcup\FF38_09623
Mayetiola destructor
Hessian fly
Mdes\Mdes009322
Aedes aegypti
Yellow fever mosquito
Aaeg\AAEL009666
Anopheles darlingi
American malaria mosquito
Adar\ADAC005034
Anopheles gambiae
Malaria mosquito
Agam\AGAP001535
Culex quinquefasciatus
Southern house mosquito
Cqui\CPIJ001202
Culex quinquefasciatus
Southern house mosquito
Cqui\CPIJ001203
Orthologs in non-Dipteran Insects (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG090W00XX )
Organism
Common Name
Gene
Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group
Bombyx mori
Silkmoth
Bmor\BGIBMGA001497
Danaus plexippus
Monarch butterfly
Dple\DPOGS208029-PA
Heliconius melpomene
Postman butterfly
Hmel\HMEL014602
Apis florea
Little honeybee
Aflo\2478935604
Apis mellifera
Western honey bee
Amel\GB41639
Bombus impatiens
Common eastern bumble bee
Bimp\BIMP12070
Bombus terrestris
Buff-tailed bumblebee
Bter\15207530
Linepithema humile
Argentine ant
Lhum\LH15972
Megachile rotundata
Alfalfa leafcutting bee
Mrot\MROTU:001119
Nasonia vitripennis
Parasitic wasp
Nvit\Nasvi2EG008717
Dendroctonus ponderosae
Mountain pine beetle
Dpod\YQE_08541
Tribolium castaneum
Red flour beetle
Tcas\TC032222
Pediculus humanus
Human body louse
Phum\PHUM244720
Rhodnius prolixus
Kissing bug
Rpro\RPRC001120
Cimex lectularius
Bed bug
Clec\CLEC001585
Acyrthosiphon pisum
Pea aphid
Apim\ACYPI006399
Zootermopsis nevadensis
Nevada dampwood termite
Znev\Znev_16755
Orthologs in non-Insect Arthropods (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG090X00W8 )
Organism
Common Name
Gene
Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group
Strigamia maritima
European centipede
Smar\SMAR002116
Ixodes scapularis
Black-legged tick
Isca\ISCW005314
Stegodyphus mimosarum
African social velvet spider
Smim\KFM74572.1
Stegodyphus mimosarum
African social velvet spider
Smim\KFM74571.1
Tetranychus urticae
Two-spotted spider mite
Turt\tetur03g02610
Daphnia pulex
Water flea
Dpux\DAPPUDRAFT_39415
Orthologs in non-Arthropod Metazoa (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG091G02U7 )
Organism
Common Name
Gene
Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group
Strongylocentrotus purpuratus
Purple sea urchin
Spur\Sp-Ash1
Ciona intestinalis
Vase tunicate
Cint\ash1l
Gallus gallus
Domestic chicken
Ggal\ENSGALG00000014638
Gallus gallus
Domestic chicken
Ggal\Gga.52389
Paralogs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Paralogs
Paralogs (via DIOPT v8.0)
Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (14)
Gene Symbol
Score
Source
Compara
eggNOG
Homologene
Inparanoid
Isobase
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
orthoMCL
Panther
RoundUp
Alignment
NSD
2 of 10
Set1
2 of 10
Set2
2 of 10
trr
2 of 10
CG4565
1 of 10
egg
1 of 10
G9a
1 of 10
Lpt
1 of 10
MBD-R2
1 of 10
pps
1 of 10
PR-Set7
1 of 10
Su(var)3-9
1 of 10
trx
1 of 10
upSET
1 of 10
Human Disease Associations
FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports
Disease Model Summary Ribbon
Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations
Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
Allele
Disease
Evidence
References
Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 2 )
Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 2 )
Allele
Disease
Interaction
References
ash1B1
ameliorates  Alzheimer's disease
modeled by Hsap\MAPTR406W.UAS
(Frost et al., 2014)
ash1dsRNA.UAS.cUa
ameliorates  Alzheimer's disease
modeled by Hsap\MAPTR406W.UAS
(Frost et al., 2014)
Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v8.0 and OMIM)
Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.
Homo sapiens (Human)
Gene name
Score
OMIM
OMIM Phenotype
DO term
Complementation?
Transgene?
ASH1L; ASH1 like histone lysine methyltransferase
10 of 15
607999
SETBP1; SET binding protein 1
4 of 15
611060
NSD1; nuclear receptor binding SET domain protein 1
3 of 15
606681
NSD2; nuclear receptor binding SET domain protein 2
3 of 15
602952
      Functional Complementation Data
      Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.
      Interactions
      Summary of Physical Interactions
      Summary of Genetic Interactions
      esyN Network Diagram
      esyN Network Key:
      Suppression
      Enhancement
      View in Interactions Browser
      Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions
      Starting gene(s)
      Interaction type
      Interacting gene(s)
      Reference
      ash1|trx
      enhanceable
      Asx
      (Gildea et al., 2000)
      ash1
      suppressible
      Caf1-55::Hsap\MORF4L1
      (Huang et al., 2017)
      ash1
      suppressible
      Caf1-55::MRG15
      (Huang et al., 2017)
      ash1|trx
      suppressible
      dom
      (Ruhf et al., 2001)
      ash1
      suppressible
      dom
      (Ruhf et al., 2001)
      ash1|trx
      enhanceable
      E(Pc)
      (Gildea et al., 2000)
      ash1|trx
      enhanceable
      E(z)
      (Gildea et al., 2000)
      ash1|trx
      suppressible
      esc
      (Gildea et al., 2000)
      ash1|trx
      suppressible
      His2Av
      (Swaminathan et al., 2005)
      ash1
      enhanceable
      htt
      (Dietz et al., 2015)
      ash1
      suppressible
      Kdm2
      (Lagarou et al., 2008)
      trx|ash1
      enhanceable
      Kdm5
      (Gildea et al., 2000)
      trx|ash1
      enhanceable
      lawc
      (Zorin et al., 1999)
      trx|ash1
      enhanceable
      mod(mdg4)
      (Gerasimova and Corces, 1998)
      ash1|trx
      suppressible
      mxc
      (Gildea et al., 2000)
      trx|ash1
      enhanceable
      mxc
      (Gildea et al., 2000)
      ash1|trx
      suppressible
      Pc
      (Gildea et al., 2000)
      ash1|trx
      suppressible
      Pcl
      (Gildea et al., 2000)
      ash1|trx
      suppressible
      ph-d
      (Gildea et al., 2000)
      ash1|trx
      suppressible
      pho
      (Gildea et al., 2000)
      ash1|trx
      suppressible
      Psc
      (Gildea et al., 2000)
      ash1|trx
      enhanceable
      Psc
      (Gildea et al., 2000)
      ash1|trx
      enhanceable
      Sce
      (Gildea et al., 2000)
      ash1|trx
      suppressible
      Scm
      (Gildea et al., 2000)
      ash1|trx
      enhanceable
      Scm
      (Gildea et al., 2000)
      ash1|trx
      enhanceable
      Su(z)2
      (Gildea et al., 2000)
      ash1|trx
      enhanceable
      Su(z)4
      (Gildea et al., 2000)
      ash1|trx
      enhanceable
      Su(z)6
      (Gildea et al., 2000)
      ash1|trx
      enhanceable
      Su(z)7
      (Gildea et al., 2000)
      trx|ash1
      enhanceable
      sxc
      (Gildea et al., 2000)
      ash1|trx
      suppressible
      sxc
      (Gildea et al., 2000)
      ash1|trx
      enhanceable
      Trl
      (Gildea et al., 2000)
      mod(mdg4)|ash1
      enhanceable
      trx
      (Gerasimova and Corces, 1998)
      ash1
      enhanceable
      trx
      (McCracken and Locke, 2016)
      Starting gene(s)
      Interaction type
      Interacting gene(s)
      Reference
      CycE
      enhanceable
      ash1
      (Brumby et al., 2002)
      Dsp1
      enhanceable
      ash1
      (Decoville et al., 2001)
      E(z)
      enhanceable
      ash1
      (Bajusz et al., 2001)
      E(z)
      enhanceable
      ash1|ash2
      (Bajusz et al., 2001)
      gcm
      suppressible
      ash1
      (Popkova et al., 2012)
      lawc
      enhanceable
      ash1|trx
      (Zorin et al., 1999)
      Marcal1
      suppressible
      ash1
      (Morimoto et al., 2016)
      mod(mdg4)
      enhanceable
      ash1|trx
      (Gerasimova and Corces, 1998)
      mod(mdg4)|trx
      enhanceable
      ash1
      (Gerasimova and Corces, 1998)
      nej
      suppressible
      ash1
      (Bantignies et al., 2000)
      Snr1
      suppressible
      ash1
      (Marenda et al., 2004)
      Snr1
      enhanceable
      ash1
      (Marenda et al., 2004)
      trx
      enhanceable
      ash1
      (McCracken and Locke, 2016)
      Ubx
      enhanceable
      ash1
      (LaJeunesse and Shearn, 1995)
      w
      enhanceable
      ash1
      (Rozovskaia et al., 1999)
      External Data
      Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)
      Component of a large multiprotein complex distinct from complexes containing ash2 or brm (PubMed:9735357). Interacts (via SET domain) with trx (via SET domain) (PubMed:10454589, PubMed:10656681). Interacts with nej/cbp (PubMed:11094082).
      (UniProt, Q9VW15 )
      Linkouts
      BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
      DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
      InterologFinder - Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets.
      MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
      MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
      Pathways
      Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)
      Metabolic Pathways
      External Data
      Linkouts
      KEGG Pathways - Wiring diagrams of molecular interactions, reactions and relations.
      Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data
      Chromosome (arm)
      3L
      Recombination map

      3-45

      Cytogenetic map
      76B8-76B9
      Sequence location
      3L:19,590,773..19,598,755 [-]
      FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
      Cytogenetic map
      Evidence for location
      76B8-76B9
      Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{EP}MESR6EP3142 and P{lacW}l(3)L3809L3809
      Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
      Cytogenetic map
      Notes
      References
      76B5-76B9
      (determined by in situ hybridisation)
      (Tripoulas and Shearn, 1990)
      Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
      Location

      3-45

      (FlyBase, 2016)

      3-42.8

      (Comeron et al., 2012)

      3-46.6

      Left of (cM)
      Right of (cM)
      Notes
      Stocks and Reagents
      Stocks (14)
      Genomic Clones (16)
       

      Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete

      cDNA Clones (25)
       

      Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see GBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

      cDNA clones, fully sequenced
      BDGP DGC clones
      Other clones
        Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

        For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

        cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
        BDGP DGC clones
        Other clones
        RNAi and Array Information
        Linkouts
        DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
        GenomeRNAi - A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents
        Antibody Information
        Laboratory Generated Antibodies
         

        polyclonal

        (Schmähling et al., 2018, Huang et al., 2017, Kahn et al., 2016, Riddle et al., 2012)
        Commercially Available Antibodies
         
        Other Information
        Relationship to Other Genes
        Source for database identify of

        Source for identity of: mnd l(3)SG29

        (Shearn, 1995.5.3)
        Source for database merge of

        Source for merge of: l(3)ds5 l(3)SG29

        (Shearn, 1995.5.3)
        Additional comments
        Other Comments

        DNA-protein interactions:GEO_GSE30820 .

        (Sakoparnig et al., 2012)

        The ash1 protein may function to maintain a favorable methylation state of dm targets, allowing subsequent activation by dm protein.

        (Goodliffe et al., 2007)

        ash1 is required for methylation of lysine 4 residues on His3.

        (Byrd and Shearn, 2003)

        Sections of the Scr regulatory region may be important for regulation of Scr by Polycomb- and trithorax-group genes.

        (Gindhart and Kaufman, 1995)

        ash1 and ash2 are trans-regulatory elements of homeotic selector gene regulation. ash1 is required for the functioning of the Ubx ABX/BX enhancer element, regulation involves different cis-regulatory regions that than of ash1.

        (LaJeunesse and Shearn, 1995)

        The intensity of trx binding to larval salivary gland polytene chromosomes is strongly decreased in larvae carrying mutations in ash1.

        (Kuzin et al., 1994)

        ash1 is one of the trithorax group of genes. ash1 is required in imaginal disc and histoblast derived tissues, and for oogenesis.

        (Tripoulas et al., 1994)

        ash1 gene locus has been characterised.

        (Tripoulas et al., 1992)

        ash1 mutant larvae may have small or absent imaginal discs or express homeotic transformations. ash1 has been isolated and characterised.

        (Tripoulas and Shearn, 1990)

        Genetic tests were used to confirm that ash1 and ash2 belong to a functionally related class of genes, mutations in which cause a wide variety of homeotic transformations that are similar to the transformations caused by trx. Double heterozygotes of ash1 alleles and Df(3R)red-P93 show a significant penetrance of homeotic transformations. Heterozygosity of ash1 alleles increases the penetrance of homeotic transformations in progeny derived from fs(1)h1 hemizygous mothers: the increase in penetrance is proportional to the loss of ash1 function.

        (Shearn, 1989)

        A member of the trithorax group of genes. Encodes a Zinc finger protein required for imaginal disc and histoblast development, and for oogenesis.

        Most alleles homozygous lethal; stage of lethality variable. Surviving and pharate adults display transformations including haltere to wing, first and third legs to second leg, genitalia to leg or antenna;

        Origin and Etymology
        Discoverer
        Etymology
        Identification
        External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 43 )
        Sequence Crossreferences
        NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.
        GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.
        GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.
        RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.
        UniProt/Swiss-Prot - Manually annotated and reviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
        Other crossreferences
        BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
        Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones
        Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
        Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
        Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
        GenomeRNAi - A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents
        iBeetle-Base - RNAi phenotypes in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)
        InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
        KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.
        modMine - A data warehouse for the modENCODE project
        Linkouts
        BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
        DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
        DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
        FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies
        FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
        FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel
        FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics
        Interactive Fly - A cyberspace guide to Drosophila development and metazoan evolution
        InterologFinder - Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets.
        KEGG Pathways - Wiring diagrams of molecular interactions, reactions and relations.
        MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
        MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
        Synonyms and Secondary IDs (20)
        Reported As
        Symbol Synonym
        ASH-1
        (Pascual-Garcia et al., 2014)
        ASH1
        (Rybina et al., 2018, L Black et al., 2016, Ho et al., 2014, Kingston and Tamkun, 2014, Mulvey et al., 2014, Di Croce and Helin, 2013, Kockmann et al., 2013, Greer and Shi, 2012, Riddle et al., 2012, Kharchenko et al., 2011, Schuettengruber et al., 2011, Mills, 2010, Blanco et al., 2008, Dorighi et al., 2008, Fanti et al., 2008, Ryakhovskiy and Tillib, 2007, Schwartz and Pirrotta, 2007, Tanaka et al., 2007, Graves and Tamkun, 2006, Lemons and McGinnis, 2006, Dillon et al., 2005, Zhou, 2005, Smith et al., 2004, Coveny et al., 2002, Papoulas et al., 1998)
        Ash
        (Balasov, 2002)
        Ash 1
        (Papp and Muller, 2006)
        Ash1
        (Gulati et al., 2020, Vaid et al., 2020, Schmähling et al., 2018, Kang et al., 2017, Kahn et al., 2016, Navarro-Costa et al., 2016, Comoglio and Paro, 2014, Frost et al., 2014, Ost et al., 2014, Sakoparnig et al., 2012, Katsuyama and Paro, 2011, Kirilly et al., 2011, Rodriguez-Jato et al., 2011, Furrer et al., 2010, Eissenberg et al., 2007, Goodliffe et al., 2007, Goodliffe et al., 2007, Li et al., 2007, Prasanth and Spector, 2007, Ringrose and Paro, 2007, Schuettengruber et al., 2007, Bienz, 2006, Ferres-Marco et al., 2006, Lund and van Lohuizen, 2004)
        CG8887
        (Hosono et al., 2015, Ni et al., 2011.7.19, Ni et al., 2010.12.1, Keleman et al., 2009.8.5, Ni et al., 2008, Bienz, 2006, Klebes et al., 2005, Kim et al., 2004)
        ash
        (Ruhf et al., 2001)
        ash-1
        (DeVido et al., 2008, Zorin et al., 1999, Kim et al., 1998, Gross and McGinnis, 1996, Veraksa and McGinnis, 1996, Fauvarque et al., 1995, Gindhart and Kaufman, 1995, Kapoun and Kaufman, 1995, Kuzin et al., 1994)
        ash1
        (Vissers et al., 2020, Chai et al., 2019, Dorafshan et al., 2019, Gervais et al., 2019, Sneppen and Ringrose, 2019, Billmann et al., 2018, Dasari et al., 2018, Ma et al., 2018, Rennie et al., 2018, Rybina et al., 2018, Schmähling et al., 2018, Huang et al., 2017, Sharma et al., 2017, Stessman et al., 2017, Transgenic RNAi Project members, 2017-, McCracken and Locke, 2016, Morimoto et al., 2016, Sarov et al., 2016, Dietz et al., 2015, Ghasemi et al., 2015, Hsu et al., 2015, Kim et al., 2015, model organism Encyclopedia of Regulatory Network (modERN) Project, 2015-, Ugrankar et al., 2015, Frost et al., 2014, Lee and Spradling, 2014, Copur and Müller, 2013, Dorighi and Tamkun, 2013, Kockmann et al., 2013, Lindsley et al., 2013, Petruk et al., 2013, Steffen et al., 2013, Vasanthi et al., 2013, Hainaut et al., 2012, Hallson et al., 2012, Popkova et al., 2012, Islam et al., 2011, Sultana et al., 2011, Cooper et al., 2010, Gan et al., 2010, Schwartz et al., 2010, Smulders-Srinivasan et al., 2010, Wasbrough et al., 2010, Fang et al., 2009, Khan et al., 2009, Schaaf et al., 2009, Christensen et al., 2008.4.15, Lagarou et al., 2008, Petruk et al., 2008, Srinivasan et al., 2008, Vázquez et al., 2008, Baeg et al., 2007, Beltran et al., 2007, Carbonell et al., 2007, Chang et al., 2007, Ford et al., 2007, Goodliffe et al., 2007, Goodliffe et al., 2007, Kazemi-Esfarjani et al., 2007, Secombe et al., 2007, Muller and Kassis, 2006, Papp and Muller, 2006, Gim et al., 2001, Tripoulas et al., 1996)
        dash
        (Shishido et al., 1991, Capdevila and Garcia-Bellido, 1981)
        l(3)76BDb
        (Cooper et al., 2010)
        l(3)SG29a
        Name Synonyms
        Absent, small or homeotic 1
        (Kingston and Tamkun, 2014)
        Absent, small or homeotic discs 1
        (Muller and Kassis, 2006)
        Absent, small, or homeotic disc 1
        (Gim et al., 2001)
        absent small or homeotic 1
        (Balasov, 2002)
        absent, small or homeotic discs 1
        (Dorighi and Tamkun, 2013, Beltran et al., 2007, Chang et al., 2007)
        absent, small, or homeotic discs 1
        (Comoglio and Paro, 2014)
        discs absent, small, or homeotic
        discs absent, small, or homeotic-1
        (Tanaka et al., 2007)
        Secondary FlyBase IDs
        • FBgn0000138
        • FBgn0004672
        • FBgn0005228
        Datasets (1)
        Study focus (1)
        Experimental Role
        Project
        Project Type
        Title
        • bait_protein
        modENCODE_chromatin_proteins_cells
        Genome-wide localization of chromosomal proteins in cell lines by ChIP-chip and ChIP-Seq.
        References (236)