Gene Dmel\ey
| General Information | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Symbol | Dmel\ey | Species | D. melanogaster | |
| Name | eyeless | Annotation symbol | CG1464 | |
| Feature type | protein_coding_gene | FlyBase ID | FBgn0005558 | |
| Created / Updated | 2005-01-10/2005-01-10 | |||
| Genomic Location | ||||
| Chromosome (arm) | 4 | Recombination map | 4-2.0 | |
| Cytogenetic map | 102C2-102C2 | Sequence location | 4:718,315..741,787 [+] | |
| Map ( GBrowse ) |
| |||
Summary Information
| ||||
|
Automatically generated summary
See sections below for more information | The gene eyeless is referred to in FlyBase by the symbol ey (CG1464, FBgn0005558). It has the cytological map location 102C2. Its sequence location is 4:718315..741787. Its molecular function is described as: sequence-specific DNA binding; protein binding; transcription activator activity; transcription factor activity. It is involved in the biological processes: eye-antennal disc morphogenesis; mushroom body development; adult walking behavior; brain development; compound eye morphogenesis; glial cell migration; regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent; compound eye development; photoreceptor cell fate specification. 48 alleles are reported. The phenotypes of these alleles are annotated with 59 unique terms, many of which group under: nervous system; adult segment; adult brain; organ system; peripheral nervous system; thoracic segment; embryonic nervous system; antennal segment; imaginal precursor; dorsal thoracic disc; commissure. It has 4 annotated transcripts and 4 annotated polypeptides. | |||
| External Summaries | ||||
Phenotypic Description from the Red Book (Lindsley & Zimm 1992)
| ||||
| Gene/Allele symbols may differ from current usage | ey: eyeless
Eye size variably reduced depending on allele (see
table); expressivity more variable for some alleles than for
others. Tetragonal packing of facets and face-centered
tetragonal bristle lattice (eyR) in place of hexagonal array
of wild type [Hartman and Hayes, 1971, J. Hered. 62: 41-43
(fig.)]; associated with a failure of the horizontal secondary
pigment cell to expand to give rise to the horizontal boundaries between ommatidia [Ready, Hanson, and Benzer, 1976,
Dev. Biol. 53: 217-40 (fig.)]. Some ey2 flies show duplications of antennae or antennal segments with or without duplication of aristae; extra maxillary structures also observed
(Shatouri, 1963, Caryologia 16: 431-37). Optical disks
reduced in size [(ey1) Richards and Farrow, 1922, Proc.
Oklahoma Acad. Sci. 2: 41-45; (ey2) Medvedev, 1935, Z.
Indukt. Abstamm. Vererbungsl. 70: 55-72 (fig.); 1935, Tr.
Inst. Genet. Akad. Nauk SSSR 10: 119-51; Steinberg, 1944,
Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 30: 5-13; (ey4) Chen, 1929, J. Morphol. 47: 135-99]. Degenerating cells abundantly observed in
the optic disks of third-instar larvae of ey2 [Fristrom, 1969,
Mol. Gen. Genet. 103: 363-79 (fig.); Ransom, 1979, J.
Embryol. Exp. Morphol. 53: 225-35]. Expressivity sensitive
to genetic background [(ey4) Spofford, 1956, Genetics
41: 938-59; (ey1, ey2, ey4, eyK) Hunt and Burnet, 1969,
Genet. Res. 13: 251-65]. Phenotype also responds to developmental temperature, larval density, and composition of medium.
Eye size reported to increase with increased temperature in e1
(Baron, 1935, J. Exp. Zool. 70: 461-90) and eyK (Sang and
Burnet, 1963, Genetics 48: 1683-99) but to decrease in eyW
(Meyer, 1959, DIS 33: 97). Phenotype less extreme in flies
raised under crowded conditions at 18 but not 25 (Sang and
Burnet, 1963; see also Chester, 1971, DIS 46: 62-63). Eye
size of four alleles increased by cholesterol deprivation and
decreased by dietary deficiencies in thiamine or RNA (Hunt and
Burnet, 1969). Larval feeding of lactamide to ey2 causes
decreased eye size, which is of opposite sign from its effect
on B (Grant and Rapport, 1980, DIS 55: 53); no such effect of
lactamide on eyK observed by Sang and Burnet (1963). ey2
flies exhibit normal visual orientation in Y maze (Bulthoff,
1982, DIS 58: 31). ey2, ey4, and eyK in combination with eyg
(3-35.5) results in almost complete curtailment of eye
development and synthetic lethality, with the major lethal
crisis at the end of the pupal stage and a minor lethal phase
at pupation; rare surviving adults have brain in anterior
thorax [Hunt, 1970, Genet. Res. 15: 29-34 (fig.)].
eyD: eyeless-Dominant
Eyes of heterozygotes small, outline irregular, displaced toward top and rear. Head large, often with duplicated
antennae or ocelli. Basitarsus broadened distally and incompletely separated from second tarsal segment owing to interruptions of the intersegmental membrane. Polarity of bract-bristle arrangement locally reversed in regions of membrane
gaps [Poodry and Schneiderman, 1976, Wilhelm Roux's Arch. Dev.
Biol. 180: 175-88 (fig.)]. 27-48 sex-comb teeth disposed in
more-or-less parallel longitudinal rows in males; number of
transverse-bristle rows increased in females (Stern and Tokunaga, 1967, Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 57: 658-64). Extra leg
joints tend to form as mirror-image duplications proximal to
the normal joint between the first and second tarsal joints
(Held, Duarte, and Derakhshanian, 1986, Wilhelm Roux's Arch.
Dev. Biol. 195: 145-57). Clones of ey+ tissue in eyD/+ background exhibit eyD/+ phenotype (Stern and Tokunaga, 1967), but
both ey+ leg disks transplanted into eyD hosts and the
reciprocal transplant develop autonomously (Tokunaga, 1970,
Dev. Biol. 18: 401-13). fj eyD flies have but three tarsal
joints (Postlethwaite and Schneiderman, 1975, Annu. Rev.
Genet. 7: 381-433). Fully dominant in triplo-4 flies (Sturtevant, 1936, Genetics 21: 448). Eye size of B; eyD/+ males
larger than of B alone. Produces extreme phenotype in combination with D. D/+; eyD/+ almost completely lethal (Sobels,
Kruijt, and Spronk, 1951, DIS 25: 128). Homozygous lethal;
two lethal crises, one during first or second larval instar
and the other just prior to or during pupal stage. Cell
degeneration observed in optic disks of homozygous second-instar larval (Ransom, 1979, J. Embryol. Exp. Morphol.
53: 225-35). Larvae which are unable to pupate rescuable by
injection of α-ecdysone (Arking, 1969, J. Exp. Zool.
171: 285-96). Homozygotes reaching pupal stage lack adult
derivatives of eye-antennal disks; adult derivatives are
formed by eyD/eyD eye-antennal disks transplanted into wildtype hosts; brain present but number of cortical cells
severely reduced (Arking, Putnam, and Schubiger, 1975, J.
Expt. Zool. 193: 301-12). RK2.
| |||
Detailed Mapping Data
| ||||
| FlyBase Computed Cytological Location | ||||
Cytogenetic map Evidence for location 102C2-102C2
Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{SUPor-P}AsatorKG05051&P{SUPor-P}KG01424 and PBac{3HPy+}C024
| ||||
| Experimentally Determined Cytological Location | ||||
Cytogenetic map Notes References | ||||
| Experimentally Determined Recombination Data | ||||
| Location | 4-2.0 | |||
| Left of (cM) | ||||
| Right of (cM) | ||||
| Notes | Mapped by recombination in diplo-4 triploids. | |||
| Molecular Map Data | ||||
Gene Order (in direction of increasing cytology)
References Gene Order (overall orientation not stated) References | ||||
Gene Model & Products
| ||||
Please see the
GBrowse view of
Dmel\ey
for information on other features
| ||||
| Comments on Gene Model | ||||
Transcript Data
| ||||
| Annotated Transcripts | ||||
Name FlyBase ID RefSeq ID Length (nt) Associated CDS (aa) FBtr0100395
2890
857 FBtr0100396
3024
898 | ||||
| Additional Transcript Data & Comments | ||||
| Reported size (kB) | 2.8 (longest cDNA) | |||
| Comments | larval A third, adult-specific ey transcript was isolated. This transcript contains both exons 1 and 2. embryonic | |||
| External Data | ||||
| Crossreferences | ||||
Polypeptide Data
| ||||
| Annotated Polypeptides | ||||
Name FlyBase ID
Predicted MW (kD)
Length (aa)
Theoretical pI
RefSeq ID
GenBank protein
FBpp0099809
89.4
857
7.56
FBpp0099810
93.8
898
7.38
| ||||
| Additional Polypeptide Data & Comments | ||||
| Reported size (kD) | 857, 838 (aa); 82.5 (kD predicted) | |||
| Comments | ||||
| External Data | ||||
| Linkouts | PANTHER
- Protein classification by function, families, and pathways
| |||
| Crossreferences | InterPro
domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites
• Homeobox (IPR001356)
Paired box protein, N-terminal (IPR001523)
Homeodomain-like (IPR009057)
Winged helix repressor DNA-binding (IPR011991)
TRANSFAC
- Eukaryotic transcription factors, their genomic binding sites, and DNA-binding profiles
•
| |||
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
| ||||
| DDBJ
/
EMBL / GenBank | DNA sequence Protein sequence Name | |||
| UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot | ||||
| UniProtKB/TrEMBL | ||||
| Maps to | ||||
| Does NOT map to | ||||
| Identified with | ||||
Mapped Features & Mutations
| ||||
Please see
GBrowse
or insertion reports for information on insertions of transgenic
constructs and features not listed here
Type Symbol & Location Additional Notes References aberration junction Dp(2;4)ey[D].bk3 4:734,411..735,160 comment=@complex_change_in_nucleotide_sequence ; SO:1000005 linked_to=EcoRI-EcoRI_rfrag comment=Insertion of a region(24D1,2 to 24BC) from the second chromosome after the 305th base of the exon. The insertion is accompanied by a deletion of 320bp. The resulting truncated peptide is 346aa. enhancer ey-enhancer-1 4:730,631..730,841 comment=eye-specific enhancer; 212bp fragment drives expression of a reporter gene in the eye primordia from stage 15 embryos through to third instar larvae. evidence=experimental point mutation ey[JD] 4:738,288..738,288 evidence=experimental pr_change=R492|ey-PD,R451|ey-PC,R432|ey-PA,R218|ey-P B reported_na_change=C1382T reported_pr_change=R433@ comment=@C_to_T_transition ; SO:1000011 comment=@nonsense_codon_change_in_transcript ; SO:1000062 na_change=C738288T point mutation ey[11] 4:740,947..740,947 evidence=experimental reported_na_change=G?A comment=The splice acceptor has been mutated from TTCAGG to TTCAAG. This leads to a peptide truncated at amino acid 635. comment=@splice_acceptor_mutation ; SO:1000073 na_change=G740947A sequence variant ey[EH] 4:733,179..733,184 comment=@complex_change_in_nucleotide_sequence ; SO:1000005 evidence=experimental comment=A 6 bp sequence is replaced with a single T nucleotide causing a frameshift and early translation termination. The peptide truncates at amino acid 116. comment=@plus_1_frameshift_mutation ; SO:1000066 sequence variant ey[D1Da] 4:740,995..741,031 evidence=experimental comment=A region of 37bp is deleted and replaced by 5bp (GTCGG). This results in a frameshift and premature translation termination. A protein of 682 amino acids is produced, the last 29 of which are unrelated to wild type ey sequence. comment=@complex_change_in_nucleotide_sequence ; SO:1000005 comment=@plus_1_frameshift_mutation ; SO:1000066 | ||||
External Data
| ||||
| Linkouts | DEDB
- Drosophila exon database: splicing graphs
| |||
| Crossreferences | ||||
Expression Data
| ||||
| FlyBase-Curated Data | ||||
|
Transcript and Protein data | Please see the FlyBase Gene Expression Report for details of gene expression from the literature. | |||
Summary of Transcript Expression
| ||||
Stage Tissue/Position
Reference
embryonic stage | stage 9-11
tritocerebral neuroblast | subset
pupal stage
embryonic stage
eye-antennal disc | primordium
embryonic stage-adult stage
embryonic stage | stage 9-11
protocerebral neuroblast | subset
embryonic stage | stage 9-10
procephalic neurectoderm & embryonic acron | restricted
larval stage | third instar
eye-antennal disc | anterior
embryonic stage | stage 12
embryonic Bolwig\\\'s organ
embryonic stage | stage 9-11
procephalic neurectoderm & embryonic antennal segment | restricted
adult stage
adult head
embryonic stage | stage 9-11
deuterocerebral neuroblast | subset
embryonic stage | stage 9-11
procephalic neurectoderm & embryonic intercalary segment | restricted
embryonic stage
embryonic central nervous system
embryonic stage | stage >=16 |mid
embryonic Bolwig\\\'s organ | ||||
| Marker for | ||||
| Subcellular Localization | ||||
| CV Term | ||||
Summary of Polypeptide Expression
| ||||
Stage Tissue/Position
Reference
embryonic stage | stage 9-11
procephalic neurectoderm & embryonic intercalary segment | restricted
embryonic stage | stage 9-11
protocerebral neuroblast | subset
embryonic stage | stage 9-11
procephalic neurectoderm & embryonic antennal segment | restricted
embryonic stage | stage 9-11
deuterocerebral neuroblast | subset
embryonic stage | stage 9-10
procephalic neurectoderm & embryonic acron | restricted
embryonic stage | stage 9-11
tritocerebral neuroblast | subset | ||||
| Marker for | ||||
| Subcellular Localization | ||||
| CV Term | ||||
Microarray Data
|
||||
|
Developmental timecourse, Costello et al., 2008 (Original data from Arbeitman et al., 2002)
| ||||
External Data & Images
| ||||
| Linkouts | FLIGHT
- Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies
FlyAtlas
- Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
GEO (NCBI)
- Gene expression data: microarray and other high-throughput technologies
FlyExpress
- Embryonic expression images (BDGP data)
| |||
Alleles & Phenotypes
| ||||
Summary of Allele Phenotypes
| ||||
Lethality Allele Other Phenotypes Allele Sterility Allele Phenotype manifest in Allele eye & pharate adult, with Scer\GAL4dpp.blk1 adult mushroom body (with eyJD) central body complex (with eyJD) adult mushroom body (with eyD1Da) | ||||


Stage(s)
1-3
Stage(s)
7-8
Stage(s)
9-10
Stage(s)
11-12
Stage(s)
13-16