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Gene Dmel\flam

General Information
Symbol	Dmel\flam	Species	D. melanogaster
Name	flamenco	Annotation symbol
Feature type	gene	FlyBase ID	FBgn0005628
Gene Model Status	Unannotated	Stock availability	2 publicly available
Genomic Location
Chromosome (arm)		Recombination map	1-
Cytogenetic map	20A1-20A2	Sequence location
Summary Information
Automatically generated summary See sections below for more information	The gene flamenco is referred to in FlyBase by the symbol Dmel\flam (FBgn0005628). It is a gene from Drosophila melanogaster. Its molecular function is unknown. There is experimental evidence that it is involved in the biological process: ovarian follicle cell development; oogenesis; male courtship behavior. 23 alleles are reported. The phenotypes of these alleles are annotated with: ovariole; egg; ovary; germline cell; egg chamber; dorsal appendage; nurse cell. It has no annotated transcripts. Gene has not been localized to the genome sequence.
Recent Updates
Description	What does this section display? This section contains items that were added to this record for each release. It currently only tracks new links between this FlyBase report and other FlyBase data classes (e.g. genes, references, stocks) or controlled vocabulary terms (e.g. GO, anatomy terms). What does this section not display? This section does not currently display links that were removed or gene model changes.
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FB2011_10	References Saito et al., 2010, Genes Dev. 24(22): 2493--2498
FB2012_01	References Handler et al., 2011, EMBO J. 30(19): 3977--3993 Stefanov et al., 2010, Mol. Genet. Genomics 284(5): 373--381 Zamparini et al., 2011, Development 138(18): 4039--4050
All updates	Click here to see a list of all updates to this record from FB2010_08 and on.
Detailed Mapping Data
FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Evidence for location 20A1-20A2   Left limit from inclusion within Df(1)R20 (FBrf0080334) Right limit from inclusion within Df(1)LB6 (FBrf0080334)
Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Notes References 20A1-20A3   (determined by in situ hybridisation)   (Bucheton, 1995)
Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
Location	1-   1-65.7 (Prud'homme et al., 1995)
Left of (cM)	su(f) (Prud'homme et al., 1995)
Right of (cM)	mal (Prud'homme et al., 1995)
Notes
Gene Model & Products
Comments on Gene Model
Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name FlyBase ID RefSeq ID Length (nt) Associated CDS (aa)
Additional Transcript Data & Comments
Reported size (kB)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name FlyBase ID Predicted MW (kDa) Length (aa) Theoretical pI RefSeq ID GenBank protein
Additional Polypeptide Data & Comments
Reported size (kDa)
Comments
External Data
Linkouts
Crossreferences
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank	DNA sequence Protein sequence Name
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
UniProtKB/TrEMBL
Mapped Features
Type Symbol & Location Additional Notes References
External Data
Linkouts
Crossreferences
Expression Data
Transcript Expression
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Notes
Polypeptide Expression
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Notes
High-Throughput Expression Data
Expression Clusters
External Data & Images
Linkouts
Alleles & Phenotypes
Summary of Allele Phenotypes
Sterility Allele female fertile flamOR female semi-sterile (with flamEY7P) flampy+P female semi-sterile (with flamKG00476) flampy+P female semi-sterile (with flampy+P) flamEY7P flamKG00476 female sterile flamBG02658 flamEY2P flamEY7P flamEY13P flamKG00476 female sterile (with Df(1)flamEY18P) flamBG02658 female sterile (with Df(1)l3) flamBG02658 female sterile (with Df(1)l15) flamBG02658 female sterile (with flamBG02658) flamEY2P flamEY7P flamEY13P flamKG00476 flampy+P female sterile (with flamEY2P) flamBG02658 female sterile (with flamEY7P) flamBG02658 female sterile (with flamEY13P) flamBG02658 female sterile (with flamKG00476) flamBG02658 female sterile (with flampy+P) flamBG02658 female sterile | heat sensitive flampy+P Other Phenotypes Allele courtship behavior defective | male flamMS increased cell death (with flamBG02658) flamKG00476 increased cell death (with flamKG00476) flamBG02658 Phenotype manifest in Allele dorsal appendage flamBG02658 egg flamBG02658 egg chamber flampy+P flamBG02658 flamKG00476 germline cell flamBG02658 flamKG00476 nurse cell flampy+P ovariole flamBG02658 flamKG00476 ovary flampy+P flamBG02658 flamKG00476 ovary (with flamBG02658) flamKG00476 ovary (with flamKG00476) flamBG02658
Classical Alleles ( 23 )
For All Classical Alleles Show
Allele of flam Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion flamBG02658 1 -- flamKG00476 1 -- flam1118.R 0 -- flam1 0 -- flam2 spontaneous 0 -- flam2G 0 -- flam679-14a Delta2-3 0 Yes flam679-16a Delta2-3 0 Yes flam679-5b Delta2-3 0 Yes flamEY13P Delta2-3 0 -- flamEY2P Delta2-3 0 -- flamEY7P Delta2-3 0 -- flamFM7c 0 -- flamMS 0 -- flamN 0 -- flamOR spontaneous 0 -- flamovoD1 0 -- flampy+P Delta2-3 0 -- flamRevR 0 -- flamSS spontaneous 0 -- flamsu(f) spontaneous 0 -- flamvg spontaneous 0 -- flamyw spontaneous 0 --
Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs ( 0 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Allele of flam Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion
Aneuploid Aberrations
Not disrupted in	Df(1)17-148 (Prud'homme et al., 1995) Df(1)17-351 (Prud'homme et al., 1995) Df(1)B12 (Chalvet et al., 1999) Df(1)B57 (Prud'homme et al., 1995) Df(1)l2 (Robert et al., 2001, Prud'homme et al., 1995, Mevel-Ninio et al., 2007) Df(1)l4 (Prud'homme et al., 1995) Df(1)l5 (Robert et al., 2001, Prud'homme et al., 1995) Df(1)l6 (Robert et al., 2001, Prud'homme et al., 1995) Df(1)l7 (Robert et al., 2001, Prud'homme et al., 1995) Df(1)l8 (Robert et al., 2001, Prud'homme et al., 1995, Mevel-Ninio et al., 2007) Df(1)l10 (Robert et al., 2001, Prud'homme et al., 1995) Df(1)l12 (Robert et al., 2001, Prud'homme et al., 1995) Df(1)l13 (Robert et al., 2001, Prud'homme et al., 1995) Df(1)l14 (Robert et al., 2001, Prud'homme et al., 1995) Df(1)l16 (Robert et al., 2001, Prud'homme et al., 1995) Df(1)R44 (Robert et al., 2001, Prud'homme et al., 1995) Df(1)R46 (Prud'homme et al., 1995) Df(1)su(f)724 (Prud'homme et al., 1995)
Disrupted in	Df(1)16-2-13 (Robert et al., 2001, Prud'homme et al., 1995) Df(1)B12 (Prud'homme et al., 1995) Df(1)DCB1-35b (Prud'homme et al., 1995) Df(1)DCB1-35c (Robert et al., 2001, Prud'homme et al., 1995) Df(1)flamEY18P (Mevel-Ninio et al., 2007) Df(1)flam-l9 (Robert et al., 2001, Prud'homme et al., 1995) Df(1)l3 (Robert et al., 2001, Prud'homme et al., 1995, Mevel-Ninio et al., 2007) Df(1)l11 (Robert et al., 2001, Prud'homme et al., 1995) Df(1)l15 (Robert et al., 2001, Prud'homme et al., 1995, Mevel-Ninio et al., 2007) Df(1)LB6 (Robert et al., 2001, Prud'homme et al., 1995) Df(1)R11 (Prud'homme et al., 1995) Df(1)R20 (Robert et al., 2001, Prud'homme et al., 1995) Df(1)R21 (Robert et al., 2001, Prud'homme et al., 1995) Df(1)R22 (Prud'homme et al., 1995)
Duplicated in	Dp(1;f)mini2 (Prud'homme et al., 1995) Dp(1;f)mini6 (Prud'homme et al., 1995) Dp(1;f)mini7 (Prud'homme et al., 1995) Dp(1;Y)y+mal102 (Prud'homme et al., 1995) Dp(1;Y)y+mal106 (Prud'homme et al., 1995) Dp(1;Y)y+mal126 (Prud'homme et al., 1995) Dp(1;Y)y+mal+ (Prud'homme et al., 1995)
Not duplicated in	Dp(1;Y)BS (Prud'homme et al., 1995) Dp(1;Y)y+mal118 (Prud'homme et al., 1995) Dp(1;Y)y+malN152 (Prud'homme et al., 1995)
Transgenic Constructs & Insertions
Transgenic Constructs
	Type of construct Name Expression data
Insertions
	Type of insertions Name Expression data miscellaneous insertions P{3'lyB}flam679-14a NA P{3'lyB}flam679-16a NA P{GT1}flamBG02658 NA P{SUPor-P}flamKG00476 NA insertion of enhancer trap P{lyB}flampy+P No
Gene Ontology: Function, Process & Cellular Component ( 3 unique terms )
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence ( 3 terms )
Molecular Function ( 0 terms)
Biological Process
CV term Evidence References
male courtship behavior inferred from mutant phenotype (Subocheva et al., 2003) oogenesis inferred from mutant phenotype (Mevel-Ninio et al., 2007) ovarian follicle cell development inferred from mutant phenotype (Mevel-Ninio et al., 2007)
Cellular Component ( 0 terms)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions ( 0 terms )
Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene
	gene
Interactions & Pathways
Summary of Physical Interactions
Protein-protein
Interacting group Assay References
Summary of Genetic Interactions
Interacts with	Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions flam allele Gene References
External Data
Linkouts
Orthologs
Genome-wide drosophilid orthologs
Curated drosophilid orthologs
Linkouts
Stocks & Reagents
Stocks Listed in FlyBase ( 2 )
Bloomington	13912 w1118 P{GT1}flamBG02658 16453 y1 P{SUPor-P}flamKG00476/FM4
Genomic Clones ( 0 )
cDNA Clones ( 0 )
cDNA Clones, Fully Sequenced
BDGP DGC clones
Other clones
cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
BDGP DGC clones
Other clones
RNAi & Array Information
Linkouts	GenomeRNAi - GenomeRNAi – A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents • 44547
Antibody Information
Other Information
Discoverer
Etymology
Identification
Relationship to Other Genes
Source for database identity of
Source for database merge of
Additional comments	"DIP1" does not correspond to the "flam" locus. (Mevel-Ninio et al., 2007) "flam" appears to map outside the region controlling ZAM and Idefix mobilisation ("COM"). (Desset et al., 2003)
Other Comments
	The flam locus corresponds to a piRNA cluster. (Brennecke et al., 2007) The proportion of normally copulating males is reduced in flam mutants compared to wild type. This reduction is due to changes in male behaviour. The proportion of males that perform consecutive courtship stages is significantly lower than in wild type. The sequence and duration of some courtship stages (in particular, orientation and wing vibration) is altered in mutant flies. (Romanova et al., 2000) In some stocks active gypsy elements are found restricted to the Y chromosome. The presence of flam alleles tends to be associated with the confinement of active gypsy elements to the Y chromosome. This might be a result of the female-specific effect of flam on gypsy activity. (Chalvet et al., 1998) Cell lines carrying the permissive flam1 allele accumulate many nuclear virus-like particles, cytoplasmic dense particles and cisternae filled with fibrous material. Two of three such cell lines have an increased copy number of the gypsy element. (Chalvet et al., 1998) gypsy virus-like particles (VLPs) accumulate inside flam1 follicle cells close to envelope-containing membranes. (Lecher et al., 1997) The length of time the existence of endogenous genomic gypsy was accompanied by host-virus co-evolution is studied. Host-virus co-evolution probably led to the acquisition by flam gene of the ability to control gypsy multiplication. (Pelisson et al., 1997) The expression of gypsy encoded proteins is analysed to explore how gypsy is transmitted between generations. Assembly of gypsy particles is visualised in the follicle cells of flam females by electron microscopy, these observations provide the basis for a novel model to explain how gypsy is transmitted from generation to generation. gypsy virions appear to move through the perivitelline space during a brief developmental window and infect the oocyte, providing a mechanism to explain gypsy insertion in the next generation. (Song et al., 1997) Multiplication of gypsy in the germline is under the control of flam. (Bucheton et al., 1995) gypsy can be transmitted from flam strains in which it transposes to strains devoid of functional elements by egg plasm transfer or growing "empty" larvae in the presence of homogenized pupae of the flam stock. Transposition of gypsy occurs only in the progeny of females homozygous for permissive alleles of flam, where gypsy transcripts are restricted to the somatic follicle cells in the ovaries. Infectious particles which then infect the oocyte are apparently produced in these cells. (Bucheton, 1995) Mature gypsy particles are produced in the context of the flam mutation, which derepresses gypsy env production. (Kurkulos et al., 1995) Deletion of flam does not lead to lethality or other abnormality of the flies. The only effect is on deregulation of gypsy mobilization. (Prud'homme et al., 1995) The chromosomal flam locus controls the infective properties of gypsy. (Prud'homme et al., 1995) Production of the gypsy\env message and corresponding protein is strongly repressed by one copy of the non-permissive allele of flam, flamN. A less dramatic reduction in the accumulation of other transcripts and retrotranscripts is also observed. These effects correlate with the inhibition of gypsy transposition in the progeny of these females and is likely to be responsible for this phenomenon. The effects of flam on gypsy\env expression are restricted to the somatic follicle cells that surround the maternal germline. (Pelisson et al., 1994) Females homozygous for mutant flam allele show a very high rate of gypsy mobilisation, for example 10-15% reversion of ovoD1. gypsy transcript altered on a mutant flam background.
External Crossreferences & Linkouts
Sequence Crossreferences
Other Crossreferences
Linkouts
	GenomeRNAi - GenomeRNAi – A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents • 44547
Synonyms & Secondary IDs ( 2 )
Reported As
Symbol Synonym	flam (Mevel-Ninio et al., 2007, Pelisson et al., 2007, Labrador et al., 2008, Malone et al., 2009, Klattenhoff et al., 2009, Robine et al., 2009, Saito et al., 2009, Bergman et al., 2006, Moshkovich and Lei, 2010, Pelisson et al., 2007, Saito et al., 2010, Stefanov et al., 2010, Zamparini et al., 2011)
Name Synonym	flamenco (Zamore, 2007, Zaratiegui, 2007, Pelisson et al., 2007, Lau et al., 2009, Brennecke et al., 2007, Ghildiyal et al., 2008, Malone et al., 2009, Li et al., 2009, Klattenhoff et al., 2009, Robine et al., 2009, Saito et al., 2009, Bergman et al., 2006, Moshkovich and Lei, 2010, Olivieri et al., 2010, Haase et al., 2010, Pelisson et al., 2007, Handler et al., 2011, Zamparini et al., 2011)
Secondary FlyBase IDs
References ( 69 )
Generate a list of	All references relating to this gene ( 69 )
List References by type	Research paper  ( 40 ) Review  ( 13 ) Abstract  ( 13 ) FlyBase analysis  ( 1 ) Book review  ( 1 ) Conference report  ( 1 )
Recent research papers ( 7 )
	Handler et al., 2011, EMBO J. 30(19): 3977--3993 A systematic analysis of Drosophila TUDOR domain-containing proteins identifies Vreteno and the Tdrd12 family as essential primary piRNA pathway factors. [FBrf0216344] Zamparini et al., 2011, Development 138(18): 4039--4050 Vreteno, a gonad-specific protein, is essential for germline development and primary piRNA biogenesis in Drosophila. [FBrf0214783] Haase et al., 2010, Genes Dev. 24(22): 2499--2504 Probing the initiation and effector phases of the somatic piRNA pathway in Drosophila. [FBrf0212277] Moshkovich and Lei, 2010, PLoS Genet. 6(3): e1000880 HP1 Recruitment in the Absence of Argonaute Proteins in Drosophila. [FBrf0210291] Olivieri et al., 2010, EMBO J. 29(19): 3301--3317 An in vivo RNAi assay identifies major genetic and cellular requirements for primary piRNA biogenesis in Drosophila. [FBrf0212004] Saito et al., 2010, Genes Dev. 24(22): 2493--2498 Roles for the Yb body components Armitage and Yb in primary piRNA biogenesis in Drosophila. [FBrf0212297] Stefanov et al., 2010, Mol. Genet. Genomics 284(5): 373--381 Amplification of "defective" retrotransposon gtwin in D. melanogaster strain carrying large complex chromosomal aberration. [FBrf0212070] Show all research papers ...
Recent reviews (0)
	All reviews listed in FlyBase were published before 2010 Show reviews ...