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Gene Dmel\Dhc64C

General Information
Symbol	Dmel\Dhc64C	Species	D. melanogaster
Name	Dynein heavy chain 64C	Annotation symbol	CG7507
Feature type	protein_coding_gene	FlyBase ID	FBgn0010349
Created / Updated	2003-12-01/2003-12-01
Genomic Location
Chromosome (arm)	3L	Recombination map
Cytogenetic map	64B17-64C1	Sequence location	3L:4,807,368..4,825,733 [-]
Map ( GBrowse )	Decorated FastA GenBankGFF Gene region Extended Gene region CDSIntronsExonsTranslationsTranscripts3' UTR5' UTR
Summary Information
Automatically generated summary See sections below for more information	The gene Dynein heavy chain 64C is referred to in FlyBase by the symbol Dhc64C (CG7507, FBgn0010349). It has the cytological map location 64B17-64C1. Its sequence location is 3L:4807368..4825733. Its molecular function is described as: ATPase activity, coupled; microtubule motor activity; motor activity; ATP binding; cysteine-type endopeptidase activity. It is involved in the biological processes described with 30 unique terms, many of which group under: cell cycle; organelle organization and biogenesis; anatomical structure development; cell cycle process; cellular localization; transport; microtubule-based movement; fusome organization and biogenesis; RNA localization; gamete generation. 48 alleles are reported. The phenotypes of these alleles are annotated with 31 unique terms, many of which group under: organ system; anatomical structure; cytoplasmic part; cell cycle; nervous system; spindle; intracellular organelle part; germarium; egg; peripheral nervous system. It has 2 annotated transcripts and 2 annotated polypeptides.
External Summaries
Detailed Mapping Data
FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Evidence for location 64B17-64C1   Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{PZ}l(3)rG166rG166 and P{PZ}sinu06524
Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Notes References 64C-64C   (Rasmusson, 1994.7.28) 64C-64C (determined by in situ hybridisation)   (Li et al., 1994) 64C-64C (determined by in situ hybridisation)   (Rasmusson et al., 1994) 64C-64C (determined by in situ hybridisation)   (Li et al., 1992)
Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
Location	3-10 +/- 4 (Martin et al., 1999) 3- (Rasmusson, 1994.7.28)
Left of (cM)	h (Belecz et al., 2001)
Right of (cM)	ru (Belecz et al., 2001)
Notes
Molecular Map Data
Gene Order (in direction of increasing cytology) References Gene Order (overall orientation not stated) References
Gene Model & Products
Please see the GBrowse view of Dmel\Dhc64C for information on other features
Comments on Gene Model
	Evidence indicates that 3' UTR overlaps 5' UTR of downstream gene; extends to coordinate AE003482:167309 (based upon 3' extent of accession L23195) DGC clone GH15453 appears problematic: incomplete CDS
Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name FlyBase ID RefSeq ID Length (nt) Associated CDS (aa) Dhc64C-RA FBtr0073359  NM_079205   14381   4639 Dhc64C-RC FBtr0273370     14378   4638
Additional Transcript Data & Comments
Reported size (kB)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name FlyBase ID Predicted MW (kD) Length (aa) Theoretical pI RefSeq ID GenBank protein Dhc64C-PA   FBpp0073215   530.2   4639   6.25     NP_523929   Dhc64C-PC   FBpp0271878   529.9   4638   6.24
Additional Polypeptide Data & Comments
Reported size (kD)
Comments
External Data
Linkouts	PANTHER - Protein classification by function, families, and pathways • FBgn0010349
Crossreferences	InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites • Peptidase, cysteine peptidase active site (IPR000169) AAA+ ATPase, core (IPR003593) Dynein heavy chain (IPR004273) ATPase associated with various cellular activities, AAA-5 (IPR011704) Dynein heavy chain, N-terminal region 1 (IPR013594) Dynein heavy chain, N-terminal region 2 (IPR013602)
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank	DNA sequence Protein sequence Name AA821217   AE003482 AAF47942   AE003482 AAN11615   AI063923   AI107780   AI292530   AI292531   AW940590   AY051501 AAK92925   BF486505   BF486997   BF490918   BF493447   BF496305   BF500245   BF501608   BF506427   BP553589   BP553590   BT012330   BT025964   BZ665633   CK604596   CK660056   CO183416   EC199065   EC222405   L23195 AAA60323   L25122 AAA28492   UT01305   Z83474
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot	P37276
UniProtKB/TrEMBL
Maps to
Does NOT map to
Identified with	GH15453 (BDGP Project Members, 2000-)
Mapped Features & Mutations
Please see GBrowse or insertion reports for information on insertions of transgenic constructs and features not listed here Type Symbol & Location Additional Notes References
External Data
Linkouts	DEDB - Drosophila exon database: splicing graphs • 2412
Crossreferences
Expression Data
FlyBase-Curated Data
Transcript and Protein data	Please see the FlyBase Gene Expression Report for details of gene expression from the literature.
Summary of Transcript Expression
Stage Tissue/Position Reference  adult stage | male   (Rasmusson et al., 1994)  adult stage | female   (Rasmusson et al., 1994)  embryonic stage   (Rasmusson et al., 1994)  adult stage | female  ovary (Rasmusson et al., 1994)  adult stage | male  testis (Rasmusson et al., 1994)
Marker for
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Summary of Polypeptide Expression
Stage Tissue/Position Reference    stage S10A oocyte (Brendza et al., 2002)
Marker for
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Microarray Data
	Developmental timecourse, Costello et al., 2008 (Original data from Arbeitman et al., 2002) AI292530
External Data & Images
Linkouts	FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies • FBgn0010349 FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array • FBgn0010349 GEO (NCBI) - Gene expression data: microarray and other high-throughput technologies • FBgn0010349
Alleles & Phenotypes
Summary of Allele Phenotypes
Lethality Allele viable (with Dhc64C102) Dhc64C6-10 Dhc64C6-8 viable (with Dhc64C6-10) Dhc64C102 viable (with Dhc64C6-12) Dhc64C6-6 viable (with Dhc64C6-6) Dhc64C6-12 viable (with Dhc64C6-8) Dhc64C102 lethal | recessive Dhc64C1-1 Dhc64C3-2 Dhc64C4-16 Dhc64C4-18 Dhc64C4-19 Dhc64C4-22 Dhc64C4-3 Dhc64C4-6 Dhc64C5-12 Dhc64C5-6 Dhc64C5-7 Dhc64C5-8 Dhc64C6-10 Dhc64C6-12 Dhc64C6-4 Dhc64C6-6-16 Dhc64C6-6 Dhc64C6-8 Dhc64C8-1 Dhc64CS027714 Dhc64Cek1 lethal | embryonic stage | maternal effect Dhc64CLab-1 lethal | embryonic stage | maternal effect | recessive Dhc64C6-6 Dhc64C6-8 lethal | first instar larval stage (with Df(3L)10H) Dhc64Cγ4163a lethal | pupal stage Dhc64C6-10 lethal | pharate adult stage (with Df(3L)10H) Dhc64C6-10 cell lethal | somatic clone Dhc64C4-19 Other Phenotypes Allele wild-type Dhc64C+tDN17 paralytic | larval stage | recessive Dhc64C6-10 Dhc64C6-6-16 mitotic Dhc64CdsRNA.cMa mitotic (with Df(3L)10H) Dhc64C6-10 neuroanatomy defective | somatic clone Dhc64C4-19 Sterility Allele female sterile (with Df(3L)10H) Dhc64CX-18 female sterile (with Dhc64C6-12) Dhc64C6-6 female sterile (with Dhc64C6-6) Dhc64C6-12 female sterile | dominant Dhc64CLab-1 Phenotype manifest in Allele cystocyte Dhc64C3-2 Dhc64C6-12 egg chamber Dhc64C3-2 Dhc64C6-12 oocyte Dhc64C3-2 Dhc64C4-19 Dhc64C6-12 fusome Dhc64C3-2 Dhc64C6-12 spindle Dhc64C3-2 Dhc64C6-10 Dhc64C6-12 Dhc64CdsRNA.cMa ommatidium (with Dhc64C6-10) Dhc64C3-2 spermatocyte fusome Dhc64C4-19 spermatid cyst Dhc64C4-19 larval mushroom body | somatic clone Dhc64C4-19 adult mushroom body | somatic clone Dhc64C4-19 dendrite | somatic clone Dhc64C4-19 mitochondrion Dhc64C4-19 mitochondrion (with Dhc64C6-10) Dhc64C4-19 mitotic anaphase (with Df(3L)10H) Dhc64C6-10 mitotic metaphase (with Df(3L)10H) Dhc64C6-10 mitotic cell cycle (with Df(3L)10H) Dhc64C6-10 lipid droplet Dhc64C6-10 Dhc64C8-1 centrosome Dhc64C6-10 Dhc64CLab-1 Dhc64CdsRNA.cMa posterior fascicle & axon Dhc64C6-10 ommatidium (with Dhc64C3-2) Dhc64C6-10 lipid droplet | maternal effect (with Dhc64C8-1) Dhc64C6-10 mitochondrion (with Dhc64C4-19) Dhc64C6-10 egg Dhc64C6-12 Dhc64C6-6 ovary (with Dhc64C6-6) Dhc64C6-12 oocyte (with Dhc64C6-6) Dhc64C6-12 germline cyst | germ-line clone (with Dhc64C6-6) Dhc64C6-12 mitochondrial cloud | germ-line clone (with Dhc64C6-6) Dhc64C6-12 blastoderm embryo | maternal effect Dhc64C6-6 Dhc64C6-8 mitotic cell cycle | maternal effect Dhc64C6-6 Dhc64C6-8 centrosome | maternal effect Dhc64C6-6 Dhc64C6-8 spindle | maternal effect Dhc64C6-6 Dhc64C6-8 ovary (with Dhc64C6-12) Dhc64C6-6 oocyte (with Dhc64C6-12) Dhc64C6-6 germline cyst | germ-line clone (with Dhc64C6-12) Dhc64C6-6 mitochondrial cloud | germ-line clone (with Dhc64C6-12) Dhc64C6-6 embryonic/first instar larval cuticle (with Dhc64C6-8) Dhc64C6-6 cycle 14 embryo (with Dhc64C6-8) Dhc64C6-6 Golgi apparatus & cycle 14 embryo (with Dhc64C6-8) Dhc64C6-6 embryonic/first instar larval cuticle (with Dhc64C6-6) Dhc64C6-8 cycle 14 embryo (with Dhc64C6-6) Dhc64C6-8 Golgi apparatus & cycle 14 embryo (with Dhc64C6-6) Dhc64C6-8 lipid droplet | maternal effect (with Dhc64C6-10) Dhc64C8-1 mitotic cell cycle Dhc64CLab-1 female pronucleus | maternal effect Dhc64CLab-1 chaeta (with Df(3L)10H) Dhc64CX-18 metaphase & condensed nuclear chromosome Dhc64CdsRNA.cGa S2 cell-line Dhc64CdsRNA.cGa cytoplasmic microtubule Dhc64CdsRNA.cGa spindle pole Dhc64CdsRNA.cMa kinetochore microtubule Dhc64CdsRNA.cMa fusome | germ-line clone Dhc64Cgreco centrosome | germ-line clone Dhc64Cgreco synaptonemal complex | germ-line clone Dhc64Cgreco syncytial blastoderm embryo & nucleus Dhc64Cunspecified
Classical Alleles ( 29 )
For All Classical Alleles Show
Allele of Dhc64C Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion Dhc64C1-1 loss of function ethyl methanesulfonate 0 Yes Dhc64C102 hypomorph ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- Dhc64C2-2 0 -- Dhc64C3-2 loss of function ethyl methanesulfonate 0 Yes Dhc64C4-16 loss of function ethyl methanesulfonate 0 Yes Dhc64C4-18 loss of function ethyl methanesulfonate 0 Yes Dhc64C4-19 amorph, loss of function ethyl methanesulfonate 3 Yes Dhc64C4-22 loss of function ethyl methanesulfonate 0 Yes Dhc64C4-3 loss of function ethyl methanesulfonate 0 Yes Dhc64C4-6 loss of function ethyl methanesulfonate 0 Yes Dhc64C5-12 loss of function ethyl methanesulfonate 0 Yes Dhc64C5-6 loss of function ethyl methanesulfonate 0 Yes Dhc64C5-7 loss of function ethyl methanesulfonate 0 Yes Dhc64C5-8 loss of function ethyl methanesulfonate 0 Yes Dhc64C6-10 loss of function, hypomorph ethyl methanesulfonate 1 Yes Dhc64C6-12 loss of function, hypomorph ethyl methanesulfonate 0 Yes Dhc64C6-4 loss of function ethyl methanesulfonate 0 Yes Dhc64C6-6-16 hypomorph 0 -- Dhc64C6-6 loss of function, hypomorph ethyl methanesulfonate 0 Yes Dhc64C6-8 loss of function ethyl methanesulfonate 0 Yes Dhc64C8-1 loss of function ethyl methanesulfonate 0 Yes Dhc64CKG08838 P-element activity 1 -- Dhc64CLab-1 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- Dhc64CS027714 0 -- Dhc64CX-18 0 -- Dhc64Cek1 antimorph ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- Dhc64Cgreco amorph 0 -- Dhc64Cunspecified 0 -- Dhc64Cγ4163a γ ray 0 --
Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs ( 19 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Allele of Dhc64C Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion Dhc64C+tDN17 in vitro construct | genomic fragment 0 Yes Dhc64C110-C.hs in vitro construct | regulatory fusion 0 Yes Dhc64C138-N.hs in vitro construct | regulatory fusion 0 Yes Dhc64C160-M.hs in vitro construct | regulatory fusion 0 Yes Dhc64C180-N.hs in vitro construct | regulatory fusion 0 Yes Dhc64C390-N.hs in vitro construct | regulatory fusion 0 Yes Dhc64C400-C.hs in vitro construct | regulatory fusion 0 Yes Dhc64C65-M.hs in vitro construct | regulatory fusion 0 Yes Dhc64CGD12258 in vitro construct | RNAi in vitro construct | regulatory fusion 2 Yes Dhc64CP1.T:Ivir\HA1 in vitro construct | coding region fusion in vitro construct | site directed mutagenesis 0 Yes Dhc64CP1 in vitro construct | site directed mutagenesis 0 Yes Dhc64CP1P3.T:Ivir\HA1 in vitro construct | coding region fusion in vitro construct | site directed mutagenesis 0 Yes Dhc64CP1P3 in vitro construct | site directed mutagenesis 0 Yes Dhc64CP3.T:Ivir\HA1 in vitro construct | coding region fusion in vitro construct | site directed mutagenesis 0 Yes Dhc64CP3 in vitro construct | site directed mutagenesis 0 Yes Dhc64CT:Ivir\HA1 in vitro construct | coding region fusion 0 Yes Dhc64CdsRNA.cGa in vitro construct | RNAi 0 Yes Dhc64CdsRNA.cMa in vitro construct | RNAi 0 Yes Dhc64Chs.T:Ivir\HA1 in vitro construct | regulatory fusion 0 Yes
Aneuploid Aberrations
Useful deficiency	Df(3L)10H   Df(3L)GN24
Useful duplication	Dp(3;3)M34
Disrupted in	Df(3L)10H (Gepner et al., 1996) Df(3L)BSC436 (Christensen et al., 2008.4.15) Df(3L)Exel6102 (Ryder, 2004.4.26) Df(3L)GN24 (Ghosh-Roy et al., 2004)
Duplicated in	Dp(3;3)BK7 (Belecz et al., 2001)
Transgenic Constructs & Insertions
Transgenic Constructs
	Type of construct Name Expression data characterization construct P{Dhc64C.3HA} NA P{Dhc64C.P1HA} NA P{Dhc64C.P1P3HA} NA P{Dhc64C.P1P3} NA P{Dhc64C.P1} NA P{Dhc64C.P3HA} NA P{Dhc64C.P3} NA P{Dhc+} NA heat-shock construct P{hs-Dhc64C.110-C} NA P{hs-Dhc64C.138-N} NA P{hs-Dhc64C.160-M} NA P{hs-Dhc64C.180-N} NA P{hs-Dhc64C.390-N} NA P{hs-Dhc64C.3HA} NA P{hs-Dhc64C.400-C} NA P{hs-Dhc64C.65-M} NA reporter construct P{Dhc64C-lacZ} No UAS construct P{GD12258} NA
Insertions
	Type of insertions Name Expression data miscellaneous insertions P{SUPor-P}Dhc64CKG08838 NA
Related Comments
	Please look at the allele reports for the complete phenotype data dsRNA has been synthesised for this gene and transfected into S2 cells. S2 cells treated with this dsRNA arrest in metaphase, require 50% more time to form a metaphase plate than untreated cells and exhibit centrosome detachment and spindle focusing defects. (Griffis et al., 2007) Clonal analysis suggests that cytoplasmic dynein mutations are cell lethal, and maternal supplies are sufficient for development to larval stages. (Boylan and Hays, 1995) Early in oogenesis mutations disrupt spindle organisation in dividing cysts and block oocyte determination. (McGrail and Hays, 1997) Mutations in Dhc64C disrupt fast organelle transport in both directions in axons. (Martin et al., 1999) S2 cells transfected with dsRNA made from templates generated with primers directed against this gene causes detachment of centrosomes from the spindle poles, resulting in a slight increase of spindle size. (Goshima et al., 2005) RNAi screen using dsRNA made from templates generated with primers directed against this gene causes spindle pole detachment when assayed in S2 cells. This phenotype can be observed when the screen is performed with or without Cdc27 dsRNA. (Goshima et al., 2007) Mitotic S2 cells treated with dsRNA made from templates generated with primers directed against this gene display a striking detachment of centrosomes from spindles and a loss of spindle pole focusing, resulting in an increase in pole-pole spacing. There is also an increase in spindle length and an elevation of the mitotic index. (Morales-Mulia and Scholey, 2005)
Gene Ontology: Function, Process & Cellular Component ( 44 )
Molecular Function
CV term Evidence References
ATP binding inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR011704 (FlyBase Curators et al., 2004-)
ATPase activity, coupled inferred from direct assay (Hays et al., 1994) inferred from sequence or structural similarity (Goldstein and Gunawardena, 2000) non-traceable author statement (Swiss-Prot Project Members, 1994.10.1)
cysteine-type endopeptidase activity inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR000169 (FlyBase Curators et al., 2004-)
microtubule motor activity inferred from direct assay (Hays et al., 1994)